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Journal articles on the topic 'Hygienic behaviour'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 9 March 2023

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1

Rozman, Natalija, Branka Strah, and Mojca Jevšnik. "An evaluation of the effectiveness of nudge techniques in improving hygiene behaviours in Kindergartens." Sanitarno inženirstvo International Journal of Sanitary Engineering Research 14, no. 1 (December 1, 2020): 4–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ijser-2020-0002.

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Abstract Good hygiene practice is an important element in terms of preventing the spread of infections, but it is not always carried out according to instructions among employees in hygienically sensitive work processes. To improve this, tools for nudging hygienic behaviour have been developed, which subconsciously encourage the individual to perform the desired hygienic behaviour. Examples of activity where employees and children constantly come into contact with pathogenic microorganisms are educational institutions (kindergartens). By observing the working process in the selected kindergartens, we wanted to determine the time, technique, and frequency of handwashing among childcare workers and children. In the case of the first ones, we wanted to find out whether they also wear personal protective work equipment. Based on the findings, we wanted to implement the selected nudging tools for better hygiene behaviour. In the first half of the observation, we found that the hygienic behaviour regarding handwashing of childcare workers and children is poor. After setting the nudging tools, hygienic behaviour improved in all the observed groups. The results suggest that the use of nudging tools in kindergartens can significantly contribute to the better implementation of hygienic behaviour (especially handwashing) in childcare workers and children. Consequently, we conclude that with the tools for promoting hygiene behaviour, the incidence of infectious diseases in kindergartens can be reduced. We can direct children towards the healthier and hygienically appropriate way of life by means of the appropriate hygiene behaviour.

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Al Toufailia, Hasan, Sophie E. F. Evison, William O. H. Hughes, and Francis L. W. Ratnieks. "Both hygienic and non-hygienic honeybee, Apis mellifera , colonies remove dead and diseased larvae from open brood cells." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 373, no. 1751 (June 4, 2018): 20170201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2017.0201.

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Hygienic behaviour is a group defence in which dead or diseased individuals are excluded. In the honeybee, Apis mellifera , hygienic behaviour refers to uncapping and removing dead and diseased larvae and pupae from sealed brood cells. We quantified removal of freeze-killed and chalkbrood-infected larvae from open cells in 20 colonies. We also measured removal of freeze-killed brood from sealed cells. Study colonies ranged from non-hygienic to fully hygienic (52–100% removal within 2 days). All larvae killed in open cells were removed. This shows that all colonies, including those with low hygienic behaviour against dead brood in sealed cells, are highly hygienic against dead brood in open cells and suggests that low hygienic behaviour against dead brood in sealed cells is a trait in its own right. This may also contribute to understanding why hygienic behaviour is uncommon in A. mellifera , which is puzzling as it reduces several diseases without detrimental effects. In particular, the result provides indirect support for the hypothesis that there are two adaptive peaks conferring disease resistance: (i) high hygienic behaviour: diseased brood are removed quickly, in some cases before becoming infective; (ii) low hygienic behaviour: diseased brood remain isolated within sealed cells. This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue ‘Evolution of pathogen and parasite avoidance behaviours'.

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Scannapieco, Alejandra C., Silvia B. Lanzavecchia, María A. Parreño, María C. Liendo, Jorge L. Cladera, Marla Spivak, and María A. Palacio. "Individual precocity, temporal persistence, and task-specialization of hygienic bees from selected colonies of Apis mellifera." Journal of Apicultural Science 60, no. 1 (June 1, 2016): 63–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jas-2016-0006.

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Abstract Hygienic behaviour is a complex trait that gives Apis mellifera L. resistance against brood diseases. Variability in the expression of hygienic behaviour is evidenced at the colony-level and is explained by the proportion and propensity of individual worker bees that engage in hygienic activities. We investigated the temporal performance and the dynamics of task-specialisation of individual bees over time, both in selected hygienic (H) and non-hygienic (NH) colonies. Then we evaluated the impact of these behavioural aspects on the colony performance. Bees that perform hygienic behaviour (hygienic bees) in our H colonies were more persistent in the hygienic activities throughout the days of the investigation. Such bees were more efficient in the removal of pin-killed brood than hygienic bees in the NH colonies. Hygienic bees in the H colonies were also specialist in the sub-tasks involved in the detection of odour stimulus from dead brood and continued to perform these activities throughout the days of the investigation (temporal persistence). Age-distribution of hygienic bees in the H colonies was asymmetrical, with a larger proportion of these bees performing hygienic activities early in life. At a colony-level, H showed higher efficiency compared to the NH colonies. The present results highlight the fact that individual behaviour may influence the collective dynamics of the hygienic behaviour in honeybee colonies. The results also note that the selection for highly hygienic colonies would result in changes in individual bees that improve the performance of the behaviour at the colony level. The relevance of task-partitioning and age-specialisation of hygienic bees on social immunity is discussed.

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Al Toufailia, Hasan, Denise A. Alves, José M. S. Bento, Luis C. Marchini, and Francis L. W. Ratnieks. "Hygienic behaviour in Brazilian stingless bees." Biology Open 5, no. 11 (October 17, 2016): 1712–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/bio.018549.

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5

Lumens, Mieke E. G. L., Paul Ulenbelt, Henri M. A. G�ron, and Robert F. M. Herber. "Hygienic behaviour in chromium plating industries." International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health 64, no. 7 (April 1993): 509–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00381100.

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6

Gerula, Dariusz, Paweł Węgrzynowicz, Beata Panasiuk, Małgorzata Bieńkowska, and Wojciech Skowronek. "Hygienic Behaviour of Honeybee Colonies with Different Levels of Polyandry and Genotypic Composition." Journal of Apicultural Science 59, no. 2 (December 1, 2015): 107–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jas-2015-0020.

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Abstract Honey bee queens were inseminated with diluted, homogenised semen collected from a few dozen drones. This procedure was carried out to increase the diversity of the queens’ offspring, which is in comparison to the offspring of queens inseminated with semen from only a few drones coming from one colony. Queens and drones were mated within carniolan bee (Apis mellifera carnica) subspecies, but 3 selected lines were used. Queens were reared from one line and drones from the same line, and two additional lines differing in hygienic behaviour wherein in one of them that trait was strongly evident. The aim of this study was to examine whether the level of enhanced genetic variability in colonies and simultaneously the participation of hygienic bees, would increase the performance of hygienic behaviour. Overall hygienic behaviour of colonies with a lower and greater genetic variability did not differ significantly and amounted to 52.1 and 47.0%, respectively. Colonies within the lower variability group, in which drones from line selected in hygienic behaviour performance were used for inseminating queens, had a significantly greater percent of cleaned pupae than other colonies (63.2%). Hygienic behaviour in other colonies was more dependent on the gene quotas of hygienic bees in the colonies rather than on the level of polyandry.

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7

Kathe, Elisa, Karsten Seidelmann, Oleg Lewkowski, Yves Le Conte, and Silvio Erler. "Changes in chemical cues of Melissococcus plutonius infected honey bee larvae." Chemoecology 31, no. 3 (February 18, 2021): 189–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00049-021-00339-3.

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AbstractEuropean foulbrood (EFB), caused by Melissococcus plutonius, is a globally distributed bacterial brood disease affecting Apis mellifera larvae. There is some evidence, even if under debate, that spreading of the disease within the colony is prevented by worker bees performing hygienic behaviour, including detection and removal of infected larvae. Olfactory cues (brood pheromones, signature mixtures, diagnostic substances) emitted by infected individuals may play a central role for hygienic bees to initiate the disease-specific behaviour. However, the mechanisms of cue detection and brood removal, causing hygienic behaviour in EFB affected colonies, are poorly understood. Here, coupled gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) was used to detect disease-specific substances, changes in cuticular hydrocarbon (CHC) profiles, and brood ester pheromones (BEPs) of honey bee larvae artificially infected with M. plutonius. Although no diagnostic substances were found in significant quantities, discriminant analysis revealed specific differences in CHC and BEP profiles of infected and healthy larvae. β-Ocimene, a volatile brood pheromone related to starvation and hygienic behaviour, was present in all larvae with highest quantities in healthy young larvae; whereas oleic acid, a non-volatile necromone, was present only in old infected larvae. Furthermore, γ-octalactone (newly discovered in A. mellifera in this study) was detectable in trace amounts only in infected larvae. We propose that the deviation from the olfactory profile of healthy brood is supposed to trigger hygienic behaviour in worker bees. To confirm the relevance of change in the chemical bouquet (CHCs, BEPs, γ-octalactone, etc.), a field colony bioassay is needed, using healthy brood and hygienic bees to determine if bouquet changes elicit hygienic behaviour.

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Samaddar, Saikat, Arup Chakraborty, Sangita Bhattacharya Samaddar, Arista Lahiri, and Saumendra Nath Bandyopadhyay. "Formal education about hygienic aural care and the relationship between aural hygiene awareness and practices: a cross-sectional study from a super-speciality hospital in West Bengal, India." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 6, no. 8 (July 26, 2019): 3298. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20193444.

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Background: The result of poor ear care and hygiene behaviours are often encountered in otology practice. There is also lack of any proper guideline of hygienic ear care behaviours. The present study aims to assess the awareness and practice of hygienic ear care behaviours of the community, in the light of the guidelines as per WHO Primary Ear and Hearing Care Training Resources-Basic level.Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at Baruipur Sub-Divisional Hospital serving semi urban population of South 24 Parganas, West Bengal, India. Patients and parents (in case of children below the age of six years) were interviewed. Maintaining the inclusion and exclusion criteria after obtaining informed consent 480 participants were included in the study who responded to a validated self-reported semi structured questionnaire.Results: The mean age was 32.44 (±18.95) years. Around 51.3% were male, 81.25% were professionals. Majority belonged to nuclear family (52.083%) and Islam (53.333%). Around 88.958% of the population had practice of ear care behaviour which was poor. Joint family had an odds of 2.86 (p value=0.002) and Islam by religion had an odds of 1.99 (p value=0.044) for a higher level of awareness. Educated group had an odds of 4.07 (p<0.001) for higher awareness. Aware group had an odds of 19.95 (p<0.001) in favour of having hygienic ear care practices.Conclusions: The study demonstrated lack of formal education regarding ear hygiene at the community level. Dearth in formal knowledge leading to poor practices is compounded with several socio-cultural issues.

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9

Singer, Harald Josef, Jacob Peter van Praagh, and Hannes F. Paulus. "Interactions between honeybees and varroa mites influenced by cell sizes and hygienic behaviour." Entomologia Generalis 38, no. 3 (March 22, 2019): 255–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/entomologia/2019/0512.

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10

Pérez-Sato, J. A., N. Châline, S. J. Martin, W. O. H. Hughes, and F. L. W. Ratnieks. "Multi-level selection for hygienic behaviour in honeybees." Heredity 102, no. 6 (March 4, 2009): 609–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/hdy.2009.20.

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11

Mullan, Barbara A., and Cara L. Wong. "Hygienic food handling behaviours. An application of the Theory of Planned Behaviour." Appetite 52, no. 3 (June 2009): 757–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2009.01.007.

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12

Oldroyd, BP. "Evaluation of Australian commercial honey bees for hygienic behaviour, a critical character for tolerance to chalkbrood." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 36, no. 5 (1996): 625. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9960625.

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Chalkbrood of honey bees (Apis mellifera) is caused by Ascosphaera apis, and is new to Australia. As yet, no treatment or prophylaxis is available for this disease. The best prospects for control are likely to come from the use of 'hygienic' bees, those with a strong genetic tendency to uncap and remove dead pupae, together with good beekeeping practice. Ten strains of Australian commercial honey bee were evaluated for hygienic behaviour. Dead pupae were inserted into the colonies and checked after 3, 5 and 7 days for the number of pupae removed. Most colonies (80%) were non-hygienic and hence likely to be susceptible to chalkbrood. However, 2 strains provided good overall performance in the test and comprised 1 or 2 colonies that were highly hygienic. Colonies were evaluated 3 times, and the good performance of these colonies was repeatable across trials. These data suggest that hygienic behavioural morphs exist in Australia's commercial bee strains, and it is unnecessary to obtain breeding stock from overseas for this reason alone. Selective breeding, with relatively simple techniques which can be used by beekeepers and queen breeders, should produce suitable genotypes.

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Paolillo, Gianluigi, Alessandro Petrini, Elena Casiraghi, Maria Grazia De Iorio, Stefano Biffani, Giulio Pagnacco, Giulietta Minozzi, and Giorgio Valentini. "Automated image analysis to assess hygienic behaviour of honeybees." PLOS ONE 17, no. 1 (January 27, 2022): e0263183. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0263183.

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Focus of this study is to design an automated image processing pipeline for handling uncontrolled acquisition conditions of images acquired in the field. The pipeline has been tested on the automated identification and count of uncapped brood cells in honeybee (Apis Mellifera) comb images to reduce the workload of beekeepers during the study of the hygienic behavior of honeybee colonies. The images used to develop and test the model were acquired by beekeepers on different days and hours in summer 2020 and under uncontrolled conditions. This resulted in images differing for background noise, illumination, color, comb tilts, scaling, and comb sizes. All the available 127 images were manually cropped to approximately include the comb area. To obtain an unbiased evaluation, the cropped images were randomly split into a training image set (50 images), which was used to develop and tune the proposed model, and a test image set (77 images), which was solely used to test the model. To reduce the effects of varied illuminations or exposures, three image enhancement algorithms were tested and compared followed by the Hough Transform, which allowed identifying individual cells to be automatically counted. All the algorithm parameters were automatically chosen on the training set by grid search. When applied to the 77 test images the model obtained a correlation of 0.819 between the automated counts and the experts’ counts. To provide an assessment of our model with publicly available images acquired by a different equipment and under different acquisition conditions, we randomly extracted 100 images from a comb image dataset made available by a recent literature work. Though it has been acquired under controlled exposure, the images in this new set have varied illuminations; anyhow, our pipeline obtains a correlation between automatic and manual counts equal to 0.997. In conclusion, our tests on the automatic count of uncapped honey bee comb cells acquired in the field and on images extracted from a publicly available dataset suggest that the hereby generated pipeline successfully handles varied noise artifacts, illumination, and exposure conditions, therefore allowing to generalize our method to different acquisition settings. Results further improve when the acquisition conditions are controlled.

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Colin, Théotime, Meng Yong Lim, Stephen R. Quarrell, Geoff R. Allen, and Andrew B. Barron. "Effects of thymol on European honey bee hygienic behaviour." Apidologie 50, no. 2 (February 21, 2019): 141–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13592-018-0625-8.

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Stanimirović, Zoran, Uroš Glavinić, Marko Ristanić, Stefan Jelisić, Branislav Vejnović, Mia Niketić, and Jevrosima Stevanović. "Diet Supplementation Helps Honey Bee Colonies in Combat Infections by Enhancing their Hygienic Behaviour." Acta Veterinaria 72, no. 2 (June 1, 2022): 145–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/acve-2022-0013.

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Abstract The hygienic behavior in honey bees is a complex polygenic trait that serves as a natural defense mechanism against bacterial and fungal brood diseases and Varroa destructor mites infesting brood cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a dietary amino acids and vitamins supplement “BEEWELL AminoPlus” on hygienic behavior of Apis mellifera colonies combating microsporidial and viral infections. The experiment was performed during a one-year period on 40 colonies alloted to five groups: one supplemented and infected with Nosema ceranae and four viruses (Deformed wing virus - DWV, Acute bee paralysis virus - ABPV, Chronic bee paralysis virus - CBPV and Sacbrood virus – SBV), three not supplemented, but infected with N. ceranae and/ or viruses, and one negative control group. Beside the l isted pathogens, honey bee trypanosomatids were also monitored in all groups. The supplement “BEEWELL AminoPlus” induced a significant and consistent increase of the hygienic behavior in spite of the negative effects of N. ceranae and viral infections. N. ceranae and viruses significantly and consistently decreased hygienic behavior, but also threatened the survival of bee colonies. The tested supplement showed anti-Nosema effect, since the N. ceranae infection level significantly and consistently declined only in the supplemented group. Among infected groups, only the supplemented one remained Lotmaria passim-free throughout the study. In conclusion, diet supplementation enhances hygienic behavior of honey bee colonies and helps them fight the most common infections of honey bees.

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Curtis, Valerie, Mícheál de Barra, and Robert Aunger. "Disgust as an adaptive system for disease avoidance behaviour." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 366, no. 1563 (February 12, 2011): 389–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2010.0117.

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Disgust is an evolved psychological system for protecting organisms from infection through disease avoidant behaviour. This ‘behavioural immune system’, present in a diverse array of species, exhibits universal features that orchestrate hygienic behaviour in response to cues of risk of contact with pathogens. However, disgust is also a dynamic adaptive system. Individuals show variation in pathogen avoidance associated with psychological traits like having a neurotic personality, as well as a consequence of being in certain physiological states such as pregnancy or infancy. Three specialized learning mechanisms modify the disgust response: the Garcia effect, evaluative conditioning and the law of contagion. Hygiene behaviour is influenced at the group level through social learning heuristics such as ‘copy the frequent’. Finally, group hygiene is extended symbolically to cultural rules about purity and pollution, which create social separations and are enforced as manners. Cooperative hygiene endeavours such as sanitation also reduce pathogen prevalence. Our model allows us to integrate perspectives from psychology, ecology and cultural evolution with those of epidemiology and anthropology. Understanding the nature of disease avoidance psychology at all levels of human organization can inform the design of programmes to improve public health.

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Guichard, Matthieu, Markus Neuditschko, Gabriele Soland, Padruot Fried, Mélanie Grandjean, Sarah Gerster, Benjamin Dainat, Piter Bijma, and Evert W. Brascamp. "Estimates of genetic parameters for production, behaviour, and health traits in two Swiss honey bee populations." Apidologie 51, no. 5 (April 28, 2020): 876–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13592-020-00768-z.

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Abstract Successful honey bee breeding programmes require traits that can be genetically improved by selection. Heritabilities for production, behaviour, and health traits, as well as their phenotypic correlations, were estimated in two distinct Swiss Apis mellifera mellifera and Apis mellifera carnica populations based on 9 years of performance records and more than two decades of pedigree information. Breeding values were estimated by a best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) approach, taking either queen or worker effects into account. In A. m. mellifera, the highest heritabilities were obtained for defensive behaviour, calmness during inspection, and hygienic behaviour, while in A. m. carnica, honey yield and hygienic behaviour were the most heritable traits. In contrast, estimates for infestation rates by Varroa destructor suggest that the phenotypic variation cannot be attributed to an additive genetic origin in either population. The highest phenotypic correlations were determined between defensive behaviour and calmness during inspection. The implications of these findings for testing methods and the management of the breeding programme are discussed.

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Peter, Graciana. "Impact of rural water projects on hygienic behaviour in Swaziland." Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C 35, no. 13-14 (January 2010): 772–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pce.2010.07.024.

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Prevolšek, Vanja, Andrej Ovca, and Mojca Jevšnik. "Fulfilment of technical and hygienic requirements among street food vendors in Slovenia." British Food Journal 123, no. 13 (April 2, 2021): 105–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bfj-11-2020-1056.

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PurposeThis cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the compliance of hygienic and technical standards of street food vendors in Slovenia with the requirements of the general hygienic food principals set in the Codex Alimentarius and Regulation (EC) No. 852/2004 on the hygiene of foodstuffs.Design/methodology/approachFood vendors were observed directly and discretely using a semi-structured observation sheet that allowed fast evaluation. The employee's behaviour was not affected during the observations because they were not aware of being observed. Each observation lasted approximately 30 min. Food vendors were divided into groups according to their location, type of facility, number of employees and type of food sold.FindingsDepending on the type of street vendor, more inconsistencies were found amongst food stands compared to food trucks and kiosks. Most food trucks and kiosks scored very high in both personal and hygienic-technical standards. Some of the major inconsistencies were lack of suitably located washbasins, improper hand-washing technique, improper waste management, working surfaces that were inadequately separated from consumers, and inconsistent maintenance of the cold chain. Food handlers have been confirmed as a critical risk factor.Research limitations/implicationsDespite methodology validation, the data was collected by a single observer, limiting the ability to obtain a more reliable estimate of the observations. The sample was disproportionate according to the type of street food facilities.Practical implicationsThe results provide a basis for (1) national professional guidelines of good hygiene practices for food business operators, which should cover street food vendors more extensively in future updates, and (2) the development of food safety training programmes tailored for street vendors.Originality/valueThe study provides valuable insights into current hygienic-technical conditions of the street food vending sector.

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Arathi, H. S., I. Burns, and M. Spivak. "Ethology of Hygienic Behaviour in the Honey Bee Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae): Behavioural repertoire of Hygienic bees." Ethology 106, no. 4 (April 2000): 365–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0310.2000.00556.x.

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Hasbi, Muhamad. "THE COLLABORATION STRATEGY BETWEEN PUPIL AND TEACHER ON NURSING COMMUNITY TO IMPROVE THE BEHAVIOUR OF HEALTHY AND HYGIENIC LIFE TO THE WHOLE SCHOOL-AGE CHILDREN." Jurnal Kesehatan Prima 11, no. 1 (April 10, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.32807/jkp.v11i1.16.

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School-age children is a golden period for embeding the values of healthy and hygienic-life behaviour (PHBS). The objective of this scientific writing was to provide an overview about the implementation of collaboration strategy between pupil and teacher in improving the behaviour of healthy and hygienic life in school-age children by utilizing the management approach of community nursing services, community nursing care, and family nursing care through the integration of community as a partner model, comprehensive school health model, family center nursing model, and management theory. Participants were pupils of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Terpadu (MIT) at Cisalak Pasar sub-village, Cimanggis District, Depok City. The result indicated there was a significant result to the improvement of knowledge, healthy behaviour skills, and the improvement of school role and the indepedence of family. This scientific paper is expected to be fundamental of health promotion programs for school-age children.

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Flores, José M., José A. Ruiz, José M. Ruz, Francisco Puerta, and Manuel Bustos. "Hygienic behaviour ofApis mellifera ibericaagainst brood cells artificially infested with varroa." Journal of Apicultural Research 40, no. 1 (January 2001): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00218839.2001.11101046.

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Mullan, Barbara A., Cara L. Wong, and Kathleen O'Moore. "Predicting hygienic food handling behaviour: modelling the health action process approach." British Food Journal 112, no. 11 (October 26, 2010): 1216–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00070701011088205.

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Waite, Ruth, Michael Brown, and Helen Thompson. "Hygienic behaviour in honey bees in the UK: a preliminary study." Bee World 84, no. 1 (January 2003): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0005772x.2003.11099567.

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Sadykov, M. N. "Experience of the study of reproductive behaviour of population." Kazan medical journal 80, no. 1 (January 15, 1999): 47–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kazmj65170.

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The complex methods of determining basic tendencies in the nature of reproductive behaviour of population according to social and hygienic, psychologic and medicoorganizing positions are presented. Using these methods it is possible to study the problem and its separate aspects at various levels of health protection management (region, city, republic). The methods are intended for independent research by forces of interested institutions and organizations.

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Alshammari, Abdullah S., Bettina F. Piko, Tamás Berki, and Kevin M. Fitzpatrick. "Social Differences in Health Behaviours among Jordanian Adolescents." European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education 12, no. 8 (August 19, 2022): 1191–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe12080083.

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Social differences are evident in both developed and developing countries. During adolescence, there are limited differences in morbidity and mortality, but differences do appear in terms of health behaviours. This study aims to examine the relationship(s) between social differences and students’ health behaviours. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2020 with a sample of high school students (N = 2741, aged 13–18 years) in Jordan. Besides descriptive statistics, bivariate logistic regression analysis was used to detect the odds risk for each social difference indicator. Females were engaged in more healthy dietary and hygienic behaviours and less engaged in smoking. Males were more physically active. Adolescents with a higher parental education level were more engaged in healthy behaviours; however, they drank carbonated soft drinks and ate fast food more often. Higher SES (socioeconomic status) self-evaluation was positively associated with eating breakfast and fruit and vegetables, being physically active, drinking carbonated soft drinks, eating fast food, and smoking. Our findings suggest that socioeconomic differences are important to understanding Jordanian adolescents’ health behaviours. While females tend to engage in more healthy behaviours, the role of parental education and perceived family affluence is not always beneficial in terms of adolescents’ dietary habits, hygienic behaviour, or smoking.

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Boecking, O., K. Bienefeld, and W. Drescher. "Heritability of the Varroa-specific hygienic behaviour in honey bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae)." Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics 117, no. 6 (December 2000): 417–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0388.2000.00271.x.

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Woyke, Jerzy, Jerzy Wilde, and Mananya Phaincharoen. "First evidence of hygienic behaviour in the dwarf honey bee Apis florea." Journal of Apicultural Research 51, no. 4 (January 2012): 359–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3896/ibra.1.51.4.11.

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Le Conte, Y., C. Alaux, J.-F. Martin, J. R. Harbo, J. W. Harris, C. Dantec, D. Séverac, S. Cros-Arteil, and M. Navajas. "Social immunity in honeybees (Apis mellifera): transcriptome analysis of varroa-hygienic behaviour." Insect Molecular Biology 20, no. 3 (March 24, 2011): 399–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2583.2011.01074.x.

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Ulenbelt, Paul, Mieke E. G. L. Lumens, Henri M. A. G�ron, Robert F. M. Herber, Sjaak Broersen, and Reinier L. Zielhuis. "Work hygienic behaviour as modifier of the lead air-lead blood relation." International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health 62, no. 3 (April 1990): 203–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00379433.

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Sholihah, Qomariyatus, Wahyudi Kuncoro, and Rahmi Fauzia. "Predisposition factors analysis hygienic and healthy behaviour of family order in Lontar Pulau Laut Barat Kotabaru, South Kalimantan, Indonesia." International Journal of Academic Research 6, no. 1 (January 30, 2014): 209–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.7813/2075-4124.2014/6-1/a.27.

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32

Yubiah, Tri, Nur Baety, and Ira Wati. "The relationship between a healthy lifestyle and diarrheal disease among children in the penanae health center workplace." Journal of Health Technology Assessment in Midwifery 5, no. 1 (May 28, 2022): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.31101/jhtam.2445.

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Background: Diarrheal disease is a global problem that has become the second leading cause of death in children under five years old. Diarrhea can last for several days. Diarrhea deaths are mainly caused by dehydration due to fluid and electrolytes loss through feces. This study investigates the relationship between a healthy lifestyle and diarrheal disease among 1-5 years children in the Penanae Health Center workplace. This research used a quantitative analytical descriptive method with a cross-sectional approach. The populations were the 110 mothers with children who experienced diarrhea in January-August, while the numbers of samples taken were 52 samples. Based on the results of Clean and Healty Living Behaviour (CHLB) data recorded 52 respondents, including 31 mothers who gave exclusive breastfeeding (59.61%) and 21 mothers who did not give exclusive breastfeeding (40.38%). The CHLB data also recorded that the 30 respondents used clean water (55,76%), while 22 respondents did not use clean water (44.23%). Moreover, there were 19 respondents had handwashing behavior (36.53), while the other 33 respondents did not have handwashing behavior (63.46%). Lastly, the data shows that 34 respondents used hygienic toilets (65.38%), while 18 respondents did not use hygienic toilets (34.61%).

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Saad, Mazni, Mohd Hanafi Azman Ong, Noor Suzana Osman, and Norhidayah Abdullah. "Food Hygiene at On-Site Premises in Perak and Selangor: Are We Ready for Self-Regulatory Practices?" Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal 4, no. 10 (March 1, 2019): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v4i10.1568.

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Safe and hygienic food add value to food intake and prevent undesirable health conditions. Food handlers who are at the forefront of the food service process must monitor and measure the standards of their food hygiene and its preparation and cooking practices. This study investigates how ready food handlers at on-site premises are for self-regulatory practices. Food surface contacts were chosen for investigation via purposive sampling and swab analysis to unravel hidden messages about the level of hygiene standards in the foodservice operation. The findings reveal the existence of contamination across the majority of the selected contact surfaces that could affect the consumers’ well-being and quality of life.Keywords: consumer well-being; food hygiene; food surface contact; food handler; the on-site premise eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2019. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v4i10.1568

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Giarratana, F., A. Marra, E. Callipo, G. Ziino, D. Signorino, A. Giuffrida, and A. Panebianco. "HYGIENIC EVALUATIONS AND LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES BEHAVIOUR IN THE PRODUCTION OF ‘NDUJA DI SPILINGA." Italian Journal of Food Safety 1, no. 1zero (January 8, 2011): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/ijfs.2011.1s.55.

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Spivak, Marla, and Martha Gilliam. "Facultative expression of hygienic behaviour of honey bees in relation to disease resistance." Journal of Apicultural Research 32, no. 3-4 (January 1993): 147–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00218839.1993.11101300.

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36

Pernal, Stephen F., Asheber Sewalem, and Andony P. Melathopoulos. "Breeding for hygienic behaviour in honeybees (Apis mellifera) using free-mated nucleus colonies." Apidologie 43, no. 4 (December 2, 2011): 403–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13592-011-0105-x.

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37

Dziechciarz, Piotr, Grzegorz Borsuk, and Krzysztof Olszewski. "Dead Brood of Apis mellifera Is Removed More Effectively from Small-Cell Combs Than from Standard-Cell Combs." Animals 12, no. 4 (February 10, 2022): 418. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12040418.

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The efficiency of the hygienic behaviour in bee colonies towards dead brood was assessed in small-cell combs (SMCombs) and in standard-cell combs (STCombs). Each colony had both types of combs in the nest on a permanent basis. Simultaneous keeping of a colony on standard- and small-cell combs is a novel approach to the use of small-cell combs in beekeeping. The number of killed pupae removed within 24 h was the measure of the hygienic behaviour efficiency. Regardless of the year, the brood in the SMCombs was uncapped and removed significantly more efficient (p ≤ 0.01) than in the STCombs (number of non-uncapped cells: in 2020 SMCombs = 3.79, STCombs = 11.62; in 2021 SMCombs = 2.34, STCombs = 5.28 and completely removed cells: in 2020 SMCombs = 87.46, STCombs = 80.04; in 2021 SMCombs = 96.75, STCombs = 92.66). In colonies kept simultaneously on standard- and small-cell combs, the width of the comb cells has a significant effect on the efficiency of removal of dead brood, which is removed more efficient from small-cell combs than from standard-cell combs.

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Kamalova, F. M., and А. N. Galiullin. "Disease incidence of rural population depending on a family type." Kazan medical journal 80, no. 5 (September 15, 1999): 394–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kazmj70227.

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Reliable differences between disease incidence of persons loving in the rural region and having varions material and housing conditions: good, satisfactory or bad are defined by family members behaviour: use of annual holiday, relations in a family, smoking, use of alcohol. Disease incidence of members of various rural family types statistically reliably differs in families with various levels of medical activity: low, medium and high. Unfavourable social and hygienic behaviour social level of medical activity in forming disease incidence of rural population by family types are establishhed.

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Sprau, Lina, Martin Hasselmann, and Peter Rosenkranz. "Reproduction of Varroa destructor does not elicit varroa sensitive hygiene (VSH) or recapping behaviour in honey bee colonies (Apis mellifera)." Apidologie 52, no. 6 (October 15, 2021): 1048–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13592-021-00886-2.

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AbstractSuppressed mite reproduction (SMR) is an important trait for the selection of Varroa resistant honey bee colonies. It has repeatedly been assumed that SMR is an effect of varroa sensitive hygiene (VSH) when hygienic bees preferably remove those brood cells where the mite has reproduced. We here compare the VSH behaviour of honey bees toward brood cells artificial infested with a varroa mite. By infesting half of the brood cells directly after the cell capping and the other half only 24 h later, we established two groups with high (> 75%) and low (< 2%) mite reproduction. After 8 days, about 40% of the infested brood cells were removed, however without any difference between both groups. Likewise, no group differences were recorded in the percentage of recapped brood cells. This strongly indicates that the presence of mite offspring is not a crucial trigger for the VSH behaviour. SMR data like the percentage of non-reproducing mites are therefore not the optimal measure for the selection of colonies with high VSH.

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Panasiuk, Beata, Małgorzata Bieńkowska, Dariusz Gerula, and Paweł Węgrzynowicz. "Susceptibility of Bee Larvae to Chalkbrood in Relation to Hygienic Behaviour of Worker Bees in Colonies of Chosen Races of Honeybee (Apis Mellifera )." Journal of Apicultural Science 58, no. 1 (June 1, 2014): 119–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jas-2014-0012.

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Abstract The susceptibility of bee larvae to Ascosphaera apis infestation and the hygienic behaviour of worker bees in relation to A. apis infected and freeze-killed brood were evaluated in three races of bees: Apis mellifera carnica, Apis mellifera caucasica, and Apis mellifera mellifera. Experimental bee colonies were evaluated in field conditions during the three beekeeping seasons. The lowest percentage of infected larvae was observed in car GR1 and mel A colonies (8.5% and 15%, respectively) and the highest in car Mr and cau P colonies (21% and 24.3%, respectively). Bees in the car GR1 and mel A colonies removed mummified brood in a shorter period of time (6.5 and 7.1 days on average, respectively) than car Mr and cau P colonies (above 8 days). Bees in the mel A and car GR1 colonies cleaned significantly more cells with freeze-killed brood within 24 and 48 hours (above 70% and 80% on average, respectively) than car Mr and cau P colonies (on average 10 - 20% lower cleaning rate). A low correlation coefficient was found for the susceptibility of larvae to A. apis infection and hygienic behaviour.

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Ejupi, Diellza, and Arta Ejupi Ibrahimi. "The role of new product launch on variety seeking buying behaviour in hygienic products." International Journal of Islamic Marketing and Branding 5, no. 2 (2020): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijimb.2020.10032960.

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Ibrahimi, Arta Ejupi, and Diellza Ejupi. "The role of new product launch on variety seeking buying behaviour in hygienic products." International Journal of Islamic Marketing and Branding 5, no. 2 (2020): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijimb.2020.111147.

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43

Bigio, G., H. Al Toufailia, and F. L. W. Ratnieks. "Honey bee hygienic behaviour does not incur a cost via removal of healthy brood." Journal of Evolutionary Biology 27, no. 1 (December 16, 2013): 226–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jeb.12288.

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44

OXLEY, PETER R., MARLA SPIVAK, and BENJAMIN P. OLDROYD. "Six quantitative trait loci influence task thresholds for hygienic behaviour in honeybees (Apis mellifera)." Molecular Ecology 19, no. 7 (April 2010): 1452–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294x.2010.04569.x.

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45

Meral, Kekecoglu, Ucak Munir, Bir Songul, caprazlı Tugce, and Kambur Acar Merve. "Relationships between hygienic and grooming behaviour in Yıgılca Honey Bee (Apis mellifera L.) Ecotype." Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 11, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.22271/j.ento.2023.v11.i1a.9135.

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46

Nik Husain, Nik Rosmawati, Wan Manan Wan Muda, Noor Izani Noor Jamil, Nik Nurain Nik Hanafi, and Razlina Abdul Rahman. "Effect of food safety training on food handlers’ knowledge and practices." British Food Journal 118, no. 4 (April 4, 2016): 795–808. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bfj-08-2015-0294.

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Purpose – A successful food safety intervention must be based on firm theories and a consideration of all relevant variables. The purpose of this paper is to examine the extent of improvement in food safety knowledge and practices of food handlers in primary school canteens through food safety training. Design/methodology/approach – A list of 98 primary schools was randomized into intervention and control groups using a multistage sampling method. The training programme for the intervention group and questionnaires for evaluating knowledge and practices were developed. On-site observations were done to assess hygienic practices during the handling of raw food and cooking equipment. In total, 16 school canteens participated in this study. Findings – Knowledge about personal hygiene and related to rules for preparing safe food was significantly improved after the food safety intervention. Some of the improvement was sustained for up to 12 weeks after the intervention. The self-reported practice score of food safety and hygiene in the intervention group was significantly higher at post1 and post2 compared to baseline. A significant within-group and between-group improvement was demonstrated for the observed behaviour of raw food handling and equipment sanitation. Originality/value – The originality of this study is to provide a new framework for the design and implementation of food safety intervention in school canteens targeted towards a specific enabling factor for behavioural change. Provision of food safety training grounded by the theory of planned behaviour was associated with significantly improved food safety knowledge and behaviour amongst food handlers.

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Lazarov, Svilen, Ivan Stoyanov, Vida Georgieva, Ivanka Zhelyazkova, and Evgeniya Ivanova. "Allozyme genetic characterization of Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae) colonies from Bulgaria with different hygienic behaviour." Journal of Central European Agriculture 20, no. 2 (2019): 592–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5513/jcea01/20.2.2136.

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Facchini, Elena, Piter Bijma, Giulio Pagnacco, Rita Rizzi, and Evert Willem Brascamp. "Hygienic behaviour in honeybees: a comparison of two recording methods and estimation of genetic parameters." Apidologie 50, no. 2 (February 22, 2019): 163–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13592-018-0627-6.

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Invernizzi, C., F. Rivas, and L. Bettucci. "Resistance to Chalkbrood Disease in Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae) Colonies with Different Hygienic Behaviour." Neotropical Entomology 40, no. 1 (February 2011): 28–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1519-566x2011000100004.

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Spivak, Marla, and Martha Gilliam. "Hygienic behaviour of honey bees and its application for control of brood diseases and varroa." Bee World 79, no. 3 (January 1998): 124–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0005772x.1998.11099394.

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