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Journal articles on the topic 'Hydrophobicity scale'

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Published: 25 May 2024

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1

Peters, Christoph, and Arne Elofsson. "Why is the biological hydrophobicity scale more accurate than earlier experimental hydrophobicity scales?" Proteins: Structure, Function, and Bioinformatics 82, no. 9 (April 29, 2014): 2190–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prot.24582.

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2

Koehler, Julia, Nils Woetzel, René Staritzbichler, Charles R. Sanders, and Jens Meiler. "A unified hydrophobicity scale for multispan membrane proteins." Proteins: Structure, Function, and Bioinformatics 76, no. 1 (July 2009): 13–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prot.22315.

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3

Wang, Mengjie, Zilong Peng, Chi Li, Junyuan Zhang, Jinyin Wu, Fei Wang, Yinan Li, and Hongbo Lan. "Multi-Scale Structure and Directional Hydrophobicity of Titanium Alloy Surface Using Electrical Discharge." Micromachines 13, no. 6 (June 12, 2022): 937. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13060937.

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Titanium alloys with special macro-micro composite structures of directional hydrophobicity are difficult to prepare due to poor thermal conductivity and good corrosion resistance, inhibiting the wide engineering applications for aerospace, marine engineering, and biomedicine. To prepare macro-micro composite structures on the surface of titanium alloys and achieve directional hydrophobicity, the sub-millimeter structures with an edge width of 150 μm, a groove width of 250 μm, and a depth of 250 μm were fabricated on the titanium alloy by wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) technology, and high voltage-induced weak electric arc machining (HV-μEAM) was used to fabricate micro-scale feature size micro-structures on the processed macro-structure edges. The influence of process parameters on the morphology of microstructures was studied experimentally. The smooth surface of the titanium alloy is isotropically hydrophilic, and its contact angle is 68°. After processing the macrostructure on the titanium alloy surface, it shows directional hydrophobicity after being modified by low surface energy materials. The macro-micro composite structure formed by HV-μEAM realizes a directional hydrophobic surface with contact angles (CA) of 140° (parallel direction) and 130° (perpendicular direction), respectively. This surface has been modified with low surface energy to achieve contact angles of 154° and 143°. The results of the abrasion resistance test show that under the load of 100 g, it retains directional hydrophobicity at a friction distance of 700 mm with 600# sandpaper. The existence of the sub-millimeter macrostructure is the reason for the directionality of surface hydrophobicity. The microstructure can realize the transformation of the titanium alloy surface from hydrophilic to hydrophobic. Under the combined effects of the macro and micro composite structure, the surface of the titanium alloy shows obvious directional hydrophobicity.

4

Liu, Hong, Saman Dharmatilleke, and Andrew A. O. Tay. "A chip scale nanofluidic pump using electrically controllable hydrophobicity." Microsystem Technologies 16, no. 4 (December 4, 2009): 561–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00542-009-0960-9.

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5

Wimley, William C., and Stephen H. White. "Experimentally determined hydrophobicity scale for proteins at membrane interfaces." Nature Structural & Molecular Biology 3, no. 10 (October 1996): 842–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nsb1096-842.

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6

Urry, Dan W., D. Channe Gowda, Timothy M. Parker, Chi-Hao Luan, Michael C. Reid, Cynthia M. Harris, Asima Pattanaik, and R. Dean Harris. "Hydrophobicity scale for proteins based on inverse temperature transitions." Biopolymers 32, no. 9 (September 1992): 1243–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360320913.

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7

Park, Sohyun, Jooyoun Kim, and Chung Hee Park. "Influence of micro and nano-scale roughness on hydrophobicity of a plasma-treated woven fabric." Textile Research Journal 87, no. 2 (July 22, 2016): 193–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517515627169.

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A superhydrophobic fabric surface was fabricated by forming a dual roughness structure in combination with lowered surface energy. The contribution of the innate micro-scale roughness resulting from the waviness of filaments and yarns in a woven fabric on hydrophobicity was investigated in comparison with a smooth film surface. Though the micro-scale roughness coming from the multi-filaments of fabric was conducive in enhancing the hydrophobicity of the surface, the micro-scale roughness itself was not enough to create superhydrophobicity. Thus a nano-scale roughness was introduced by an anisotropic etching employing oxygen plasma etching followed by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition. As for the nano-scale roughness, however, it was possible to achieve the superhydrophobicity only with nano-scale roughness, but with a very large aspect ratio of nano-pillar structure. In the presence of dual-scale roughness consisting of both micro- and nano-scale structures, the superhydrophobic characteristic was effectively achieved even at a small aspect ratio of nano-pillar. By adjusting the number of filaments in a yarn and by controlling the plasma process time, it was possible to control the dual-scale roughness of a woven fabric and its wettability. An excessive thinning and lengthening of nano-pillars may negatively affect the hydrophobicity by the collapse and aggregation of pillar tips, and an appropriate processing condition is critical to design a durable superhydrophobic surface.

8

Huang, Xiaochuan, Chen Li, Kuichang Zuo, and Qilin Li. "Predominant Effect of Material Surface Hydrophobicity on Gypsum Scale Formation." Environmental Science & Technology 54, no. 23 (October 16, 2020): 15395–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.0c03826.

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9

Kapcha, Lauren H., and Peter J. Rossky. "A Simple Atomic-Level Hydrophobicity Scale Reveals Protein Interfacial Structure." Journal of Molecular Biology 426, no. 2 (January 2014): 484–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2013.09.039.

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10

Kwon, Tae Woo, Matthew Stanley Ambrosia, Joonkyoung Jang, and Man Yeong Ha. "Dynamic hydrophobicity of heterogeneous pillared surfaces at the nano-scale." Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology 29, no. 4 (April 2015): 1663–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12206-015-0338-0.

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11

Marx, Dagan, and Karen Fleming. "Side Chain Hydrophobicity Scale using the Tilted Beta-Barrel Protein PagP." Biophysical Journal 112, no. 3 (February 2017): 205a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2016.11.1134.

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12

Zhang, Wei Wei, Li Ying Qian, and Hui Ning Xiao. "Hydrophobicity of Beeswax-Chitosan Latex Coated Paper." Advanced Materials Research 936 (June 2014): 1077–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.936.1077.

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Both water repellency and water vapour barrier properties were endowed at paper surface by coating with beeswax-chitosan latex. It was found that the water vapour transmission rate of coated paper decreased as the drying temperature increased. However, water contact angle was not affected with it. Although the surface morphology deformed at high drying temperature, the roughness values maintained at micro-scale. Further analysis indicated that the water vapour barrier property of coated paper was influenced by the density of the coating layer.

13

Zhang, J. Y., L. J. Qin, F. G. Liu, and C. S. Lou. "Effects of controlled shot peening on multi-scale morphology and hydrophobicity of 316L stainless steel." Digest Journal of Nanomaterials and Biostructures 17, no. 4 (October 25, 2022): 1151–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.15251/djnb.2022.174.1151.

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In this study, we used shot peening-etching method to construct the multi-scale morphology on the surface of 316L stainless steel, assisted by surface modification to improve hydrophobicity. The effects of the diameter of projectile (0.2, 0.3, 0.4 mm) and shot peening time (1, 1.5, 2, 2.5 min) on the multi-scale morphology and hydrophobicity of the samples were studied. Meanwhile, the surface morphology was examined by metallographic microscope (OM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The surface profile and roughness were characterized by laser scanning confocal microscope (LSCM). The fractal dimension D was calculated by data analysis software, and the static contact angle measuring instrument was used to evaluate the hydrophobic performance. The results show that the smaller the diameter of projectile is, the stronger the hydrophobicity of the sample is, and there is the best time for shot peening. Moreover, the size and distance of pits on the surface decrease as the diameter of projectile decreases. The roughness of the surface shows a tendency to increase first and decrease with the increase of shot peening time, and the contact angle has the same tendency. The contact angle of the sample surface increases as the fractal dimension D increases. When the diameter of the projectile is 0.2 mm and the shot peening time is 2 min, after etching and surface modification, the static contact angle is 137.4° and the solid-liquid contact area is only 15.4%. This method has the advantages of low cost, high efficiency and environment-friendly, which is beneficial to the large-scale production of hydrophobic materials.

14

Srivastava, Sheenal, Yumi Patton, David W. Fisher, and Graham R. Wood. "Cotranslational Protein Folding and Terminus Hydrophobicity." Advances in Bioinformatics 2011 (June 6, 2011): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/176813.

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Peptides fold on a time scale that is much smaller than the time required for synthesis, whence all proteins potentially fold cotranslationally to some degree (followed by additional folding events after release from the ribosome). In this paper, in three different ways, we find that cotranslational folding success is associated with higher hydrophobicity at the N-terminus than at the C-terminus. First, we fold simple HP models on a square lattice and observe that HP sequences that fold better cotranslationally than from a fully extended state exhibit a positive difference (N−C) in terminus hydrophobicity. Second, we examine real proteins using a previously established measure of potential cotranslationality known as ALR (Average Logarithmic Ratio of the extent of previous contacts) and again find a correlation with the difference in terminus hydrophobicity. Finally, we use the cotranslational protein structure prediction program SAINT and again find that such an approach to folding is more successful for proteins with higher N-terminus than C-terminus hydrophobicity. All results indicate that cotranslational folding is promoted in part by a hydrophobic start and a less hydrophobic finish to the sequence.

15

Nishikawa, Tsuyoshi, Hiroki Narita, Soichiro Ogi, Yoshikatsu Sato, and Shigehiro Yamaguchi. "Hydrophobicity and CH/π-interaction-driven self-assembly of amphiphilic aromatic hydrocarbons into nanosheets." Chemical Communications 55, no. 99 (2019): 14950–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9cc08070h.

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The hydrophobicity and CH/π-interaction-driven self-assembly of an amphiphile that contains a biphenylanthracene group furnishes micrometer-scale nanosheets with a windmill-shaped molecular packing structure in dilute aqueous solution.

16

YAMASHIRO, DONALD. "THE PURIFICATION OF PEPTIDES BY PARTITION CHROMATOGRAPHY BASED ON A HYDROPHOBICITY SCALE*." International Journal of Peptide and Protein Research 13, no. 1 (January 12, 2009): 5–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3011.1979.tb01843.x.

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17

Moon, C. P., and K. G. Fleming. "Side-chain hydrophobicity scale derived from transmembrane protein folding into lipid bilayers." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 108, no. 25 (May 23, 2011): 10174–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1103979108.

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18

Sinha, Arun Kumar, Mrinmoyee Basu, Mukul Pradhan, Sougata Sarkar, and Tarasankar Pal. "Fabrication of Large-Scale Hierarchical ZnO Hollow Spheroids for Hydrophobicity and Photocatalysis." Chemistry - A European Journal 16, no. 26 (May 21, 2010): 7865–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.200903347.

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19

Li, Xin, Chen Wang, Guang Yi Sun, Xin Zhao, Hai Xia Zhang, and Gui Zhang Lu. "Research on the Hydrophobicity of Black Silicon Based on Virtual Process." Key Engineering Materials 503 (February 2012): 329–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.503.329.

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In previous research, in order to simulate the 3D structure of MEMS device, we developed a software named Virtual Process which can help the designer to testify his/her design by comparing the simulation result with real requirements. As Virtual Process could only find out the difference in structure, we put forward a new method, which can compare the functions of the device to verify the simulation result. In this paper, we take hydrophobicity as an example to show the comparison between the results of simulation and experiment. The hydrophobicity is expressed by contact angle, which is measured by certain device in reality. In this case, this paper put forward a method to calculate the contact angle to verify the hydrophobicity of black silicon. Besides, we put forward a method combining micro/nano dual-scale DRIE to realize the simulation of black silicon before the calculation. As a result, the contact angle of black silicon between our calculating method and the actual value is only 7° .

20

Monroe, Jacob I., Sally Jiao, R. Justin Davis, Dennis Robinson Brown, Lynn E. Katz, and M. Scott Shell. "Affinity of small-molecule solutes to hydrophobic, hydrophilic, and chemically patterned interfaces in aqueous solution." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, no. 1 (December 28, 2020): e2020205118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2020205118.

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Performance of membranes for water purification is highly influenced by the interactions of solvated species with membrane surfaces, including surface adsorption of solutes upon fouling. Current efforts toward fouling-resistant membranes often pursue surface hydrophilization, frequently motivated by macroscopic measures of hydrophilicity, because hydrophobicity is thought to increase solute–surface affinity. While this heuristic has driven diverse membrane functionalization strategies, here we build on advances in the theory of hydrophobicity to critically examine the relevance of macroscopic characterizations of solute–surface affinity. Specifically, we use molecular simulations to quantify the affinities to model hydroxyl- and methyl-functionalized surfaces of small, chemically diverse, charge-neutral solutes represented in produced water. We show that surface affinities correlate poorly with two conventional measures of solute hydrophobicity, gas-phase water solubility and oil–water partitioning. Moreover, we find that all solutes show attraction to the hydrophobic surface and most to the hydrophilic one, in contrast to macroscopically based hydrophobicity heuristics. We explain these results by decomposing affinities into direct solute interaction energies (which dominate on hydroxyl surfaces) and water restructuring penalties (which dominate on methyl surfaces). Finally, we use an inverse design algorithm to show how heterogeneous surfaces, with multiple functional groups, can be patterned to manipulate solute affinity and selectivity. These findings, importantly based on a range of solute and surface chemistries, illustrate that conventional macroscopic hydrophobicity metrics can fail to predict solute–surface affinity, and that molecular-scale surface chemical patterning significantly influences affinity—suggesting design opportunities for water purification membranes and other engineered interfaces involving aqueous solute–surface interactions.

21

Dannenhoffer-Lafage, Thomas, and Robert B. Best. "A Data-Driven Hydrophobicity Scale for Predicting Liquid–Liquid Phase Separation of Proteins." Journal of Physical Chemistry B 125, no. 16 (April 20, 2021): 4046–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c11479.

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22

Hoffmann, Waldemar, Jennifer Langenhan, Susanne Huhmann, Johann Moschner, Rayoon Chang, Matteo Accorsi, Jongcheol Seo, et al. "An Intrinsic Hydrophobicity Scale for Amino Acids and Its Application to Fluorinated Compounds." Angewandte Chemie International Edition 58, no. 24 (June 11, 2019): 8216–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.201813954.

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23

Yu, Hang, Bing Rui Lu, Hui Li, Jian Ying Li, and Ran Liu. "Fabrication of Nanostructured Hydrophobic Surfaces with Laser Interference Lithography." Advanced Materials Research 815 (October 2013): 457–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.815.457.

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The fabrication of large area nanoscale periodic structures on material surfaces for hydrophobicity engineering has been difficult due to the complex processes. Here we propose a two-step fabrication method for periodic nanostructures by combining laser interference lithography (LIL) and reactive ion etching (RIE). Sub-micron periodic nanotip patterns are fabricated in the photoresist by LIL, and then transferred into the silicon substrate using RIE. By measuring the contact angle (CA) of a water droplet on the substrate surface, the wettability of the surface with nanotip structures of various periods is studied. Our experiments show that the nanotip structures fabricated by the combined LIL and RIE process deliver satisfactory hydrophobic tendencies when the periods fall into the submicron scale. When the period of the structure is small enough, the hydrophilicity of the surface can be altered into hydrophobicity. The hydrophobicity achieved by this method is reusable and sustainable with low cost and no composition alteration comparing to chemical methods. The process developed in this work provides potential applications in biosensingand digital fluidics.

24

Monroe, Jacob, Mikayla Barry, Audra DeStefano, Pinar Aydogan Gokturk, Sally Jiao, Dennis Robinson-Brown, Thomas Webber, Ethan J. Crumlin, Songi Han, and M. Scott Shell. "Water Structure and Properties at Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Surfaces." Annual Review of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering 11, no. 1 (June 7, 2020): 523–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-120919-114657.

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The properties of water on both molecular and macroscopic surfaces critically influence a wide range of physical behaviors, with applications spanning from membrane science to catalysis to protein engineering. Yet, our current understanding of water interfacing molecular and material surfaces is incomplete, in part because measurement of water structure and molecular-scale properties challenges even the most advanced experimental characterization techniques and computational approaches. This review highlights progress in the ongoing development of tools working to answer fundamental questions on the principles that govern the interactions between water and surfaces. One outstanding and critical question is what universal molecular signatures capture the hydrophobicity of different surfaces in an operationally meaningful way, since traditional macroscopic hydrophobicity measures like contact angles fail to capture even basic properties of molecular or extended surfaces with any heterogeneity at the nanometer length scale. Resolving this grand challenge will require close interactions between state-of-the-art experiments, simulations, and theory, spanning research groups and using agreed-upon model systems, to synthesize an integrated knowledge of solvation water structure, dynamics, and thermodynamics.

25

Malm, Lisa, Ann-Sofi Kindstedt Danielsson, Anders Sand, Jan Rosenkranz, and Ingvar Ymén. "Application of Dynamic Vapor Sorption for evaluation of hydrophobicity in industrial-scale froth flotation." Minerals Engineering 127 (October 2018): 305–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mineng.2017.11.004.

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26

Shoute, Lian C. T., Weidi Hua, Ryan Kisslinger, Ujwal K. Thakur, Sheng Zeng, Ankur Goswami, Pawan Kumar, Piyush Kar, and Karthik Shankar. "Threshold hydrophobicity for inhibition of salt scale formation on SAM-modified titania nanotube arrays." Applied Surface Science 473 (April 2019): 282–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2018.11.173.

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27

Xu, Wei, Qiu Feng An, and Wei Xu. "Fabrication of Super-Hydrophobic Textile Surface with Aminopolysiloxane and Nano-Silica via a Solution Immersion Process." Applied Mechanics and Materials 65 (June 2011): 136–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.65.136.

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In this article, we exploited a solution immersion method to conveniently construct a superhydrophobic textile surface with N-β-aminoethyl-γ-aminopropyl polysiloxane (ASO-1) and nano-silica and then investigated its micro-morphology and ultra-hydrophobic property using Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Static water contact angle analyzer, respectively. Results show that a hydrophobic film and many lotus-leaf-like micro-nano scale tubercles are coated on the textile surface, which are the reasons why the textile changed from hydrophilicity to super-hydrophobicity. Optimal ASO-1 dosage and processing time are 0.25 wt% ASO-1 in toluene solution and 15 minutes. In addition, with increase of the experimental nano-silica diameters at 30-280.7 nm, super-hydrophobicity of the treated textile surface slightly increases.

28

Zhu, Chongqin, Yurui Gao, Hui Li, Sheng Meng, Lei Li, Joseph S. Francisco, and Xiao Cheng Zeng. "Characterizing hydrophobicity of amino acid side chains in a protein environment via measuring contact angle of a water nanodroplet on planar peptide network." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 46 (November 1, 2016): 12946–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1616138113.

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Hydrophobicity of macroscopic planar surface is conventionally characterized by the contact angle of water droplets. However, this engineering measurement cannot be directly extended to surfaces of proteins, due to the nanometer scale of amino acids and inherent nonplanar structures. To measure the hydrophobicity of side chains of proteins quantitatively, numerous parameters were developed to characterize behavior of hydrophobic solvation. However, consistency among these parameters is not always apparent. Herein, we demonstrate an alternative way of characterizing hydrophobicity of amino acid side chains in a protein environment by constructing a monolayer of amino acids (i.e., artificial planar peptide network) according to the primary and the β-sheet secondary structures of protein so that the conventional engineering measurement of the contact angle of a water droplet can be brought to bear. Using molecular dynamics simulations, contact angles θ of a water nanodroplet on the planar peptide network, together with excess chemical potentials of purely repulsive methane-sized Weeks−Chandler−Andersen solute, are computed. All of the 20 types of amino acids and the corresponding planar peptide networks are studied. Expectedly, all of the planar peptide networks with nonpolar amino acids are hydrophobic due to θ> 90°, whereas all of the planar peptide networks of the polar and charged amino acids are hydrophilic due to θ< 90°. Planar peptide networks of the charged amino acids exhibit complete-wetting behavior due to θ= 0°. This computational approach for characterization of hydrophobicity can be extended to artificial planar networks of other soft matter.

29

Yao, Dong, Guangfeng Shi, Jingran Zhang, and Siwei Meng. "An investigation on the adhesion of dual-scale micro-nano composite structure on the surface of aluminum." Surface Topography: Metrology and Properties 11, no. 2 (June 1, 2023): 025026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2051-672x/acdb89.

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Abstract Adhesion is a crucial characteristic of hydrophobic surfaces that significantly impacts their practical applications. This paper proposes an innovative method for preparing a dual-scale micro-nano composite structure surface by combining mechanical ruling and anodic oxidation, which demonstrates great potential in enhancing hydrophobic surface properties. Through the analysis of the influence of micro-groove depth on the adhesion of hydrophobic surfaces, it has been discovered that micro-groove dimensions can be used to control surface adhesion while maintaining hydrophobicity, without complex chemical modifications. These findings present a promising approach for tailoring the properties of hydrophobic surfaces to suit specific applications. Compared with the single-scale micro-groove array structures, the surface roughness of the dual-scale micro-nano composite structures is significantly increased, and the contact angle of the water droplet is significantly increased. At the same time, the hydrophobicity and adhesion of the surface of the dual-scale micro-nano composite structures were analyzed. The results show that after anodizing, the contact angle of the dual-scale micro-nano composite structure surface increases, and the surface adhesion can be controlled by adjusting the structural parameters of the micro-groove and the anodizing process parameters, to ensure that the surface presents hydrophobic property while realizing the controllable adhesion of the hydrophobic surface. In this paper, dual-scale micro-nano composite structures fabricated by the composite method have achieved hydrophobic properties, and the surface adhesion can be effectively controlled by adjusting the processing parameters. This method has certain reference significance for the preparation of the controllable adhesive hydrophobic surface and lays a foundation for the further study of the controllable adhesive hydrophobic surface.

30

Zhu, Weibiao, Yazhou Xu, Jinxin He, and Xia Dong. "Transparent Superhydrophobic Coatings with Mechanical and Chemical Stability Prepared by Modified Polyhedral Oligosilsesquioxanes via UV-Curable Method." Coatings 13, no. 3 (February 24, 2023): 498. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings13030498.

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Superhydrophobic coating with applicable transmittance was synthesized by simple UV-curable method which was likely suitable for large-scale production. The super-hydrophobicity was derived from the component containing modified polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes which was chosen for low free energy and the potential to form hierarchical structure. The coating adhesion could reach the highest level by strip tape peel test. Compared to the UV-cured commercial coatings, the coating adhesion is enhanced by at least two levels. Super-hydrophobicity was preserved after long duration of water droplet impact, while water contact angle decreased slightly after sand impact due to partial damage of hierarchical structure. The coating can resist chemical corrosion by acid solution (HCl), base solution (NaOH) and salt solution (NaCl). The coating with water repellence function, adequate transmittance, and good mechanical and chemical stability is of great interest for practical outdoor applications.

31

Ishihama, Yasushi, Yoshiya Oda, and Naoki Asakawa. "A Hydrophobicity Scale Based on the Migration Index from Microemulsion Electrokinetic Chromatography of Anionic Solutes." Analytical Chemistry 68, no. 6 (January 1996): 1028–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac9510402.

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32

Grigoryan, Marine, Dmitry Shamshurin, Victor Spicer, and Oleg V. Krokhin. "Unifying Expression Scale for Peptide Hydrophobicity in Proteomic Reversed Phase High-Pressure Liquid Chromatography Experiments." Analytical Chemistry 85, no. 22 (November 2013): 10878–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac402310t.

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33

Hu, Keke, Bing Xu, and HuiBo Shao. "Determination of hydrophobicity scale of tetraphenylborate and its derivatives by ferrocene based three-phase electrodes." Electrochemistry Communications 50 (January 2015): 36–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.elecom.2014.11.005.

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34

White, Stephen H., and Eric Lindner. "Determination of a Biological Hydrophobicity Scale for SecA- Guided Insertion of Single-Span Membrane Proteins." Biophysical Journal 118, no. 3 (February 2020): 368a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2019.11.2109.

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35

Liu, Junling, Xicheng Bao, Yesheng Hao, Jincheng Liu, Yulong Cheng, Rui Zhang, Yaowen Xing, Xiahui Gui, Jihui Li, and Budeebazar Avid. "Role of the Polar Proportion of Compound Collectors in Low-Rank Coal Flotation Upgrading: Insights from the Molecular Scale." Minerals 13, no. 4 (April 7, 2023): 524. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min13040524.

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The compound collector, composed of polar and nonpolar parts, is a current research hotspot in low-rank coal (LRC) flotation because of its outstanding flotation efficiency and cost-effectiveness. However, the selection of compound proportions lacks theoretical guidance. In this study, we comprehensively investigate the internal mechanism underlying the influence of the compound proportion (oleic acid (OA):dodecane (DD)) on LRC flotation. The molecular dynamics (MD) simulation between bubble and oil film was simultaneously employed to study the surface interactions between three phases in contact. The compound proportion of OA:DD = 1:3 was found to be the most conductive for Zhuanlongwan coal flotation, which provides a robust collecting capacity while minimizing excessive interaction with water. Thus, the spreading area is the largest and the interaction energy between collectors and LRC is the highest. Additionally, the oil film formed at this ratio has the best hydrophobicity, resulting in the fastest adhesion speed of the bubble and the most stable bubble adhesion. Proportions of OA:DD above 1:3 promote self-aggregation of polar collectors, leading to a worsened spreading of the oil film. Conversely, proportions below 1:3 result in weak interaction with LRC, leading to a smaller spreading area and reduced hydrophobicity. Ultimately, we propose the LRC–compound collector matching principle, which suggests that the best proportion of compound collectors fits well with the oxygen-containing sites on the LRC surface.

36

Sochan, Agata, Michał Beczek, Rafał Mazur, Cezary Polakowski, Magdalena Ryżak, and Andrzej Bieganowski. "Splash erosion and surface deformation following a drop impact on the soil with different hydrophobicity levels and moisture content." PLOS ONE 18, no. 5 (May 12, 2023): e0285611. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0285611.

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The splash phenomenon and the scale of the surface deformation of post-fire soils in the variants of various hydrophobicity and moisture content were studied. Splash erosion is the result of the impact of a single water drop and was analysed using high-speed cameras, while the surface deformation was parameterized using a structured light scanner. The extremely water-repellent variant (dry_V) showed distinct differences, expressed primarily in the number of ejected particles, which was 2.5 times higher than in the four soils with lower levels of hydrophobicity. It was also observed that as a result of the drop impact onto an extremely hydrophobic soil surface, a form known as liquid marble was created inside the crater. Soil moisture content determined the manner, scale and dynamics of the splash erosion. In the case of wet soils, the phenomenon proceeded up to five times faster, and as a result of the drop impact, a large number of fine particles were ejected, which reached nearly twice the velocities and three times the displacement distances compared to the dry soil group. However, the particles and/or aggregate splashed on the dry samples were larger, which also translated into the formation of craters up to twice as extensive as those in the wet soils.

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Jankauskaitė, Virginija, Pranas Narmontas, and Algirdas Lazauskas. "Control of Polydimethylsiloxane Surface Hydrophobicity by Plasma Polymerized Hexamethyldisilazane Deposition." Coatings 9, no. 1 (January 11, 2019): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings9010036.

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The properties of a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) surface were modified by a one-step deposition of plasma polymerized hexamethyldisilazane (pp-HMDS) by the arc discharge method. Scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analytical techniques were employed for morphological, structural, and chemical characterization of the pp-HMDS modified PDMS surface. The changes in PDMS substrate wetting properties were evaluated by means of contact angle measurements. The unmodified PDMS surface is hydrophobic with a contact angle of 122°, while, after pp-HMDS film deposition, a dual-scale roughness PDMS surface with contact angle values as high as 170° was obtained. It was found that the value of the contact angle depends on the plasma processing time. Chemically, the pp-HMDS presents methyl moieties, rendering it hydrophobic and making it an attractive material for creating a superhydrophobic surface, and eliminating the need for complex chemical routes. The presented approach may open up new avenues in design and fabrication of superhydrophobic and flexible organosilicon materials with a self-cleaning function.

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Ferrari, Michele, Francesca Cirisano, and M. Carmen Morán. "Mammalian Cell Spheroids on Mixed Organic–Inorganic Superhydrophobic Coating." Molecules 27, no. 4 (February 12, 2022): 1247. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27041247.

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Three-dimensional cell culture has become a reliable method for reproducing in vitro cellular growth in more realistic physiological conditions. The surface hydrophobicity strongly influences the promotion of cell aggregate formation. In particular, for spheroid formation, highly water-repellent coatings seem to be required for the significant effects of the process. In this work, surfaces at different wettability have been compared to observe their influence on the growth and promotion of aggregates of representative mammalian cell lines, both tumoral and non-tumoral (3T3, HaCat and MCF-7 cell lines). The effect of increased hydrophobicity from TCPS to agarose hydrogel to mixed organic–inorganic superhydrophobic (SH) coating has been investigated by optical and fluorescence microscopy, and by 3D confocal profilometry, in a time scale of 24 h. The results show the role of less wettable substrates in inducing the formation of spheroid-like cell aggregates at a higher degree of sphericity for the studied cell lines.

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Man-Chi Lo, Irene, Cheng-Hao Lee, and Howard M. Liljestrand. "Tricaprylmethylammonium bentonite compexes as adsorbents for benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene." Water Science and Technology 34, no. 7-8 (October 1, 1996): 319–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1996.0637.

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An organoclay complex was synthesized by placing quaternary ammonium compound on low-charge bentonite (CEC = 90 meq/100 g) through cation exchange reaction. This kind of compex was examined for its ability to adsorb non-polar hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and o-xylene (BETX). The organic cation used in this study was the tricaprylmethylammonium (TCMA) ion which contains long-chain alkyl (tricapryl) groups of high hydrophobicity. The characteristics of TCMA-bentonite are presented from the results of Infrared red spectrum. The high adsorption of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and o-xylene from aqueous solutions by TCMA-bentonite is found to be related to their hydrophobicity and water solubility. Free swell tests are also presented to contrast the swelling properties of bentonite with and without quaternary ammonium cations. The laboratory scale tests indicate that TCMA-bentonite could be used as an adsorbent to enhance the purification of aromatic hydrocarbon-contaminated water or act as a liner material for removing non-polar contaminants.

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Wang, Yongpeng, Pengtao Yan, Xintong Huo, Mengzhu Liu, Haibo Zhang, and Zhenhua Jiang. "3D network super-hydrophobic hexafluorbisphenol A poly(aryl ether ketone) membrane prepared by one-step electrospraying." High Performance Polymers 32, no. 10 (June 22, 2020): 1094–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954008320930064.

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Novel super-hydrophobic poly(aryl ether ketone) (PAEK) membranes have been firstly prepared by modifying ordinary PAEK into hexafluorbisphenol A-PAEK through traditional nucleophilic condensation polymerization and subsequently simple electrospraying technique. With the solution concentration increased, the micromorphology exhibited nanofibers, nanofiber with spindles, 3D network with microspheres embedded, microspheres and dense films, successively. The static water contact angle increased from 99° to 155°, while the sliding angle from 1.3° to 6.8° (±1°), in which the 3D network presented the strongest super-hydrophobicity. After 200 h of water flushing, the rough surface structure and super-hydrophobicity of the membranes were well retained. Moreover, the membrane exhibited wonderful self-cleaning property, oil/water separation property, and stability due to the hierarchical micro/nanostructures. This work provides a new route for the creation of super-hydrophobic high performance engineering plastic fabrics with the potential values in large-scale application of filtration, oil/water separation, and antifouling.

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Lanrezac, André, and Marc Baaden. "UNILIPID, a Methodology for Energetically Accurate Prediction of Protein Insertion into Implicit Membranes of Arbitrary Shape." Membranes 13, no. 3 (March 21, 2023): 362. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes13030362.

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The insertion of proteins into membranes is crucial for understanding their function in many biological processes. In this work, we present UNILIPID, a universal implicit lipid-protein description as a methodology for dealing with implicit membranes. UNILIPID is independent of the scale of representation and can be applied at the level of all atoms, coarse-grained particles down to the level of a single bead per amino acid. We provide example implementations for these scales and demonstrate the versatility of our approach by accurately reflecting the free energy of transfer for each amino acid. In addition to single membranes, we describe the analytical implementation of double membranes and show that UNILIPID is well suited for modeling at multiple scales. We generalize to membranes of arbitrary shape. With UNILIPID, we provide a methodological framework for a simple and general parameterization tuned to reproduce a selected reference hydrophobicity scale. The software we provide along with the methodological description is optimized for specific user features such as real-time response, live visual analysis, and virtual reality experiences.

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Burton, Zachary, and Bharat Bhushan. "Hydrophobicity, Adhesion, and Friction Properties of Nanopatterned Polymers and Scale Dependence for Micro- and Nanoelectromechanical Systems." Nano Letters 5, no. 8 (August 2005): 1607–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/nl050861b.

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Hutteau, F., and M. Mathlouthi. "Physicochemical properties of sweeteners in artificial saliva and determination of a hydrophobicity scale for some sweeteners." Food Chemistry 63, no. 2 (October 1998): 199–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0308-8146(98)00007-7.

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Mayer, Peter Terry, Xiang, Riku Niemi, and Bradley D. Anderson. "A Hydrophobicity Scale for the Lipid Bilayer Barrier Domain from Peptide Permeabilities: Nonadditivities in Residue Contributions†." Biochemistry 42, no. 6 (February 2003): 1624–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi026701l.

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Wang, Mengjing, Tae-Jun Ko, Mashiyat Sumaiya Shawkat, Sang Sub Han, Emmanuel Okogbue, Hee-Suk Chung, Tae-Sung Bae, et al. "Wafer-Scale Growth of 2D PtTe2 with Layer Orientation Tunable High Electrical Conductivity and Superior Hydrophobicity." ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 12, no. 9 (February 11, 2020): 10839–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsami.9b21838.

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46

Knyazev, Denis G., Roland Kuttner, Mirjam Zimmermann, and Peter Pohl. "Equilibrium Sampling between Membrane Interior and the Aqueous SecYEG Channel Departs from the Biological Hydrophobicity Scale." Biophysical Journal 118, no. 3 (February 2020): 367a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2019.11.2105.

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Yang, Mei, Jian Zhang, Xin Guo, Xiaorong Deng, Shihua Kang, Xinrong Zhu, and Xiaobing Guo. "Effect of Phosphorylation on the Structure and Emulsification Properties of Different Fish Scale Gelatins." Foods 11, no. 6 (March 11, 2022): 804. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11060804.

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This study aimed to investigate the effect of phosphorylation on the structure and emulsification of Coregonus peled, Esox lucius and Grass carp scale gelatin. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and endogenous fluorescence spectra showed that the structures of the three fish scale gelatins changed. Additionally, the surface hydrophobicity index of the three fish scale gelatins increased by 36.72, 31.42 and 111.67, respectively, after 1 h of phosphorylation, and the surface tension decreased by 17.27, 32.58 and 18.7 mN/m, respectively. The emulsification activity index increased by 115.86, 155.22 and 45.52 m2/g, and the emulsification stability index increased by 98.37, 256.77 and 169.61 min, respectively. The structure of fish scale gelatin changed after phosphorylation, which resulted in the improvement of emulsification. This work will provide useful information to understand the relationship between the structure and function of gelatin.

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Ma, Xiaorui, Zeyi Huang, and Lin Feng. "Effects of the Deposition Mode and Heat Treatment on the Microstructure and Wettability of Y2O3 Coatings Prepared by Reactive Magnetron Sputtering." Coatings 12, no. 6 (June 7, 2022): 790. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings12060790.

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A robust hydrophobic Y2O3 coating at high temperatures is important for industrial applications. In this study, Y2O3 thin films on Si substrates were prepared by reactive direct current magnetron sputtering. By changing the deposition power, Y2O3 thin films with different microstructures were obtained in poison mode and metallic mode, respectively. In order to understand the effect of heat treatment on the microstructure and hydrophobicity of Y2O3, the samples were annealed at 400 °C in the air. Compared to metallic mode, no crack was formed on the surface of the Y2O3 film prepared in poison mode. In addition, the water contact angle on the surface of the Y2O3 thin film deposited in poison mode was above 90° before and after annealing at 400 °C. It has been demonstrated that the initial high concentration of physically absorbed oxygen and its slow desorption process in a Y2O3 thin film prepared in poison mode contributes to the hydrophobicity of the thin film at high temperatures. These results can provide insights into the large-scale fabrication of hydrophobic Y2O3 coatings for high-temperature applications.

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Rani, M. Jansi, M. Murugan, P. Subramaniam, and E. Subramanian. "A study on water hyacinth Eichhornia crassipes as oil sorbent." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 6, no. 1 (June 1, 2014): 134–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v6i1.389.

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The sorption of diesel, lubricant and castor oils onto different parts (root, stem and leaf) of the dry biomass water hyacinth was studied at the laboratory scale. The parts of the aquapyte water hyacinth (Eichhornia Crassipes) were characterized by physico-chemical methods and the characteristics were used to elucidate the oil sorption process. Hydrophobicity, wettability (capillarity), buoyancy and sorption capacity of oils in the presence/absence of water were studied to evaluate the suitability of the sorbent for application. In all the three sorbents, theoil sorption capacity increases with the increase of oil film thickness. However of the three parts, the stem has a greater sorption capacity of 9.3, 7.8 and 11.08 g/g for the three oils such as diesel, lubricant and castor oils respectively, even though the root of water hyacinth showed a higher hydrophobicity and surface area. These sorption capacities are comparable with widely used commercial oil sorbent such as nonwoven polypropylene which has a sorption capacity in the range of 10-16 g/g.

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Hladikova, K., I. Ruzickova, P. Klucova, and J. Wanner. "An investigation into studying of the activated sludge foaming potential by using physicochemical parameters." Water Science and Technology 46, no. 1-2 (July 1, 2002): 525–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2002.0529.

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This paper examines how the physicochemical characteristics of the solids are related to foam formation and describes how the foaming potential of full-scale plants can be assessed. The relations among activated sludge and biological foam hydrophobicity, scum index, aeration tank cover and filamentous population are evaluated. Individual parameter comparison reveals the scumming intensity can be estimated only on the assumption that foams is already established. None of the above mentioned characteristics can be reliably used to predict the foaming episodes at wastewater treatment plants.