Journal articles: 'Hydrogen sulphide'

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Nishikubo, Tadatomi, Atsushi Kameyama, Yoshinari Hosono, and Youji Yamada. "Synthesis of Polymers in Aqueous Solutions: Heterogeneous Oxidation of Poly(Amide-Sulphide) in Water." High Performance Polymers 10, no. 1 (March 1998): 23–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0954-0083/10/1/004.

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The heterogeneous oxidation of N-(2-phenylthioethyl)benzamide in a dispersion of water was performed with twice the amount of hydrogen peroxide at 60 °C for 72 h as a model reaction of the oxidation of poly(amide-sulphide) (polymer 1), and the corresponding N-[2-(phenylsulphoxy)-ethyl]benzamide and N-[2-(phenylsulphonyl)ethyl]benzamide were obtained in 5% and 95% yields respectively. This suggests that the alkyl phenyl sulphide group was easily oxidized with time via the alkyl phenyl sulphoxide group into the alkyl phenyl sulphone group. On the other hand, when heterogeneous oxidation of diphenyl sulphide in a dispersion of water was carried out with twice the amount of hydrogen peroxide at 60 °C for 72 h, the corresponding diphenyl sulphoxide and diphenyl sulphone were obtained in 77% and 23% yields, respectively. Therefore, the oxidation rate of the diphenyl sulphide group was much slower than that of the alkyl phenyl sulphide group, and the heterogeneous oxidation of diphenyl sulphide with excess hydrogen peroxide in a dispersion of water primarily produced diphenyl sulphoxide under the same conditions. On the basis of these model reactions, the heterogeneous oxidation of polymer 1, which was prepared by the polyaddition of bis(4-mercaptophenyl)sulphide with m-phenylenebis(2-oxazoline), was performed with one to three times the amount of hydrogen peroxide in a dispersion of water at 60 °C, and the Tg of the resulting polymers gradually increased with reaction time from 111 °C to 165 °C. When the oxidization was carried out with three times the amount of hydrogen peroxide for 48 h, the polymer with major structure, poly(amide-sulphone) (polymer 3), was obtained. Polymer 3 was also easily prepared by the oxidization of polymer 1 with equivalent amounts of sodium periodate in a dispersion of water at 60 °C for 48 h.

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Stephenson, R. J., R. M. R. Branion, and K. L. Pinder. "Anaerobic 35°C and 55°C Treatment of a BCTMP/TMP Effluent: Sulphur Management Strategies." Water Science and Technology 29, no. 5-6 (March 1, 1994): 433–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1994.0736.

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Pulp manufacture uses sulphur in a variety of forms and these sulphur compounds ultimately end up in the effluent. Under anaerobic conditions, sulphite and sulphate are reduced to sulphide, presenting problems of toxicity, odour, corrosion, and reduced methane yields and treatment efficiencies. The fate of these inorganic sulphur compounds in a bleached chemi-thermomechanical pulp/thermomechanical pulp (BCTMP/TMP) effluent mixture was examined in two phase anaerobic reactors at 35°C and 55°C. The following sulphur management strategies were investigated: 1) controlling the pH of the acidogenic reactor, 2) inhibiting the sulphur reducing bacteria via molybdenum addition to the feed tank, and 3) stripping the hydrogen sulphide dissolved in the methane phase reactor liquor by recycling hydrogen sulphide-free off gas. The laboratory scale experimental apparatus consisted of upflow anaerobic sludge bed pre-treatment or acidogenic reactors followed by hybrid upflow anaerobic sludge bed/fixed film methanogenic reactors. At 35°C, controlling the pH of the acidogenic reactors with sodium carbonate from 5.5 (uncontrolled) to 8.0 in order to shift the formed sulphide species to the less toxic ionic form appeared to be ineffective in promoting wastewater treatment efficiency. Molybdenum addition to the wastewater at levels from 0.1 to 1.0 mM was effective at 1.0 mM in retarding sulphate reduction or sulphide formation. Hydrogen sulphide stripping, using ferric chloride scrubbed and recycled off gas, appeared to be the most effective means of sulphur management for this type of wastewater under these conditions. Tbermophilic 55°C anaerobic treatment was also studied using the same effluent, inocula and sulphur management strategies. Overall, both the treatment efficiency and the sulphate reduction were lower for the thermophilic runs compared to the mesophilic runs. Raising the acidogenic phase reactor pH from 7.0 to 7.5 to 8.0 appeared to have no significant effect on organic carbon removal efficiency or on sulphate reduction. Molybdenum inhibition of sulphur reduction was not as marked as for the 1.0 mM level at 35°C, perhaps due to the already low baseline sulphate reduction efficiency at 55°C. Stripping hydrogen sulphide from the reactor liquor helped to promote the treatment efficiency and lowered the sulphide and sulphate levels. Similar to the 35°C study, sulphide removal by gas stripping appeared to be the most effective means of sulphur management

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Stephenson, R. J., R. M. R. Branion, and K. L. Pinder. "Sulphur Management Strategies in Anaerobic Treatment of a BCTMP/TMP Effluent." Water Quality Research Journal 28, no. 3 (August 1, 1993): 635–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.1993.033.

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Abstract Anaerobic treatment of a bleached chemithermomechanlcal/ thermomechanical BCTMP/TMP (2:1 by volume) effluent obtained from Quesnel River Pulp Co. was studied on a laboratory scale at 35°C. The experimental apparatus consisted of upflow anaerobic sludge bed (UASB) acidogenic reactors followed by hybrid upflow anaerobic sludge bed/fixed-film methanogenic reactors. Under anaerobic conditions, sulphite and sulphate are reduced to sulphide, presenting problems of toxicity, odour, corrosion and reduced methane yields, and treatment efficiencies. The fate of these compounds was examined under various hydraulic retention times and sulphur management strategies, including: (i) pH control; (ii) inhibition of the sulphur reducing bacteria via molybdenum addition; and (iii) stripping hydrogen sulphide dissolved in the reactor liquor by recycling hydrogen sulphide-free off gas. Controlling the pH of the acidogenic reactor from 5.5 (uncontrolled) to 8.0, in order to shift the formed sulphide species to the less toxic ionic form, appeared to be ineffective in promoting wastewater treatment efficiency. Molybdenum addition to the wastewater, tested at levels from 0.1 to 1.0 mM, was effective at 1.0 mM in retarding sulphide formation. Hydrogen sulphide stripping, using scrubbed and recycled off gas, appeared to be the most effective means of sulphur management for this type of wastewater under these conditions.

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MENDES-FERREIRA, A., A. MENDES-FAIA, and C. LEÃO. "Survey of Hydrogen Sulphide Production by Wine Yeasts." Journal of Food Protection 65, no. 6 (June 1, 2002): 1033–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-65.6.1033.

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Twenty-one strains of commercial wine yeasts and 17 non-Saccharomyces species of different provenance were surveyed for their ability to produce hydrogen sulphide in synthetic grape juice medium indicator agar with different nitrogen sources, as well as in natural grape juice. Bacto Biggy agar, a commercially available bismuth-containing agar, was used to compare our results with others previously reported in the literature. Under identical physiological conditions, the strains used in this study displayed similar growth patterns but varied in colony color intensity in all media, suggesting significant differences in sulphite reductase activity. Sulphite reductase activity was absent for only one strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. All other strains produced an off-odor to different extents, depending significantly (P <0.05) on medium composition. Within the same species of some non-Saccharomyces yeasts, strain variation existed as it did for Saccharomyces. In natural musts, strains fell into three major groups: (i) nonproducers, (ii) must-composition-dependent producers, and (iii) invariable producers. In synthetic media, the formation of sulphide by strains of S. cerevisiae results from the reduction of sulphate. Therefore, this rapid screening methodology promises to be a very useful tool for winemakers for determining the risk of hydrogen sulphide formation by a given yeast strain in a specific grape juice.

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Turkiewicz, Anna, Teresa Steliga, Dorota Kluk, and Zbigniew Gminski. "Biomonitoring Studies and Preventing the Formation of Biogenic H2S in the Wierzchowice Underground Gas Storage Facility." Energies 14, no. 17 (September 2, 2021): 5463. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14175463.

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The article discusses the results of biomonitoring research at the Underground Gas Storage (UGS). Hydrogen sulphide, as one of the products of microbiological reaction and transformation, as well as a product of chemical reactions in rocks, is a subject of interest for global petroleum companies. The materials used in this research work were formation waters and stored natural gas. The biomonitoring of reservoir waters and cyclical analyses of the composition of gas stored at UGS Wierzchowice enabled the assessment of the microbiological condition of the reservoir environment and individual storage wells in subsequent years of operation. Investigations of the formation water from individual wells of the UGS Wierzchowice showed the presence of sulphate reducing bacteria bacteria (SRB), such as Desulfovibrio and Desulfotomaculum genera and bacteria that oxidize sulphur compounds. In the last cycles of UGS Wierzchowice, the content of hydrogen sulphide and sulphides in the reservoir waters ranged from 1.22 to 15.5 mg/dm3. The monitoring of natural gas received from UGS production wells and observation wells, which was carried out in terms of the determination of hydrogen sulphide and organic sulphur compounds, made it possible to observe changes in their content in natural gas in individual storage cycles. In the last cycles of UGS Wierzchowice, the content of hydrogen sulphide in natural gas from production wells ranged from 0.69 to 2.89 mg/dm3, and the content of organic sulphur compounds converted to elemental sulphur ranged from 0.055 to 0.130 mg Sel./Nm3. A higher hydrogen sulphide content was recorded in natural gas from observation wells in the range of 2.02–25.15 mg/Nm3. In order to explain the causes of hydrogen sulphide formation at UGS Wierzchowice, isotopic analyses were performed to determine the isotope composition of δ34SH2S, δ34SSO4, δ18OSO4 in natural gas samples (production and observation wells) and in the deep sample of reservoir water. The results of isotope tests in connection with microbiological tests, chromatographic analyses of sulphur compounds in natural gas collected from UGS Wierzchowice and an analysis of the geological structure of the Wierzchowice deposit allow us to conclude that the dominant processes responsible for the formation of hydrogen sulphide at UGS Wierzchowice are microbiological, consisting of microbial sulphate reduction (MSR). The presented tests allow for the control and maintenance of hydrogen sulphide at a low level in the natural gas received from the Wierzchowice Underground Gas Storage facility.

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Lutnicki, Krzysztof, Eligiusz Madej, Tomasz Riha, and Łukasz Kurek. "Polioencephalomalacia in ruminants caused by excessive amount of sulphur - a review." Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Pulawy 58, no. 2 (June 1, 2014): 321–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bvip-2014-0050.

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Abstract Polioencephalomalacia as a result of sulphur excess is a growing problem in cattle and sheep, mainly in young, growing animals. It is common in different regions of the world. The disease develops favoured by certain conditions such as sustained provision of feed and water with high sulphur content, use of dietary supplements containing sulphur, and a habitat with high hydrogen sulphide concentration. Pathogenesis of the disease is complex, but very important are oxidative-antioxidative imbalance, dysfunction of vessels, and secondary cerebral cortex ischaemia as a result of direct and/or indirect action of sulphur metabolites, namely hydrogen sulphide, sulphides, and sulphites. Clinical signs and changes in the cerebral cortex in the form of degenerative necrotic lesions are similar to those observed in polioencephalomalacia caused by vitamin B1 deficiency, and lead and salt intoxication. Highly increased sulphur content (more than 0.3-0.4 of dry matter) in the diet is the basis for differential diagnosis, as well the high concentration of hydrogen sulphide in gas and sulphides in rumen fluid. In prophylaxis and treatment the most important measure is to limit sulphur intake and in acute cases to neutralise low pH in rumen and administer vitamin B1 injections.

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7

Särner, E. "Removal of Sulphate and Sulphite in an Anaerobic Trickling (ANTRIC) Filter." Water Science and Technology 22, no. 1-2 (January 1, 1990): 395–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1990.0164.

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A new pretreatment process for sulphur removal was developed and tested. The process is an ANaerobic TRICkling (ANTRIC) filter, in which sulphate and sulphite are reduced to sulphide. The sulphide is stripped from the liquid by a gas recirculation system, in which the gas is washed from sulphide and recirculated to the ANTRIC filter to remove more sulphide etc. The goal with the new process was twofold: 1) removal of sufficient sulphur such that sulphide toxicity in a conventional anaerobic process could be avoided, and 2) recovery of as much sulphur as possible. After the ANTRIC filter the wastewater was treated in an ANAMET system, i. e. in an anaerobic contact process followed by an activated sludge process. The tests were carried out using wastewater from a sodium based sulphite pulp mill. Theoretical calculations showed that, unless action was taken to limit sulphur, anaerobic treatment would fail due to toxic effects of hydrogen sulphide. The goal of operating the ANTRIC filter such that sufficient sulphur was removed to make further anaerobic treatment possible was achieved. More than 85 % of the inorganic sulphur (sulphate and sulphite) was removed in the ANTRIC filter, making efficient biological treatment possible. The ANTRIC filter was shown to be a very stable process and the start-up time after a longer shut-down period was short.

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8

Luptakova, Alena, Eva Macingova, and Vlasta Harbulakova. "Positive and negative aspects of suplhate-reducing bacteria in environment and industry." Nova Biotechnologica et Chimica 9, no. 2 (November 22, 2021): 147–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.36547/nbc.1271.

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The submitted work is oriented on the study of two aspects of the sulphate-reducing bacteria metabolism: the metals bioprecipitation and the concrete biodeterioration. The bioprecipitation of metals with the bacterially produced hydrogen sulphide by sulphate-reducing bacteria (SRB) represents the positive effect of the SRB existence in the environment. It allows the industrial exploitation in the area of the removal metals from industrial wastewaters. Referred method involves principal stages such as: hydrogen sulphide bacterial production, metals precipitation by biologically produced hydrogen sulphide, metal sulphides separation, setting pH of the filtrate from previous steps by 1M NaOH and metal hydroxides separation. The basis of the first stage i.e. the hydrogen sulphide bacterial production is the cultivation of SRB. In the laboratory conditions the sodium lactate is the energetic substrate for the growth of bacteria. Its price is not economic for the application in the practice and is needed investigate the alternative substitutes. Therefore was studied the cultivation of sulphate-reducing bacteria to using the selected energetic substrates such as: calcium lactate, glycerol and whey. Experimental studies confirm that all chosen substrates are suitable alternative substrates of sodium lactate for the bacterial sulphate-reduction. In the regard to the efficiency of bacterial sulphate reduction the calcium lactate is the best. The biodeterioration of the concrete presents the negative effect of the SRB existence in the environment. The research was oriented on the simulation of the biodeterioration of concrete samples under the simultaneous influence of the sulphur-oxidising bacteria genera Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans and sulphatereducing bacteria genera Desulfovibrio in the environs of the waste water, the acid mine drainage, the nutrient medium and the distilled water. The observation of the surface structure changes of concrete samples confirms the highest biodeterioration influences in the case of the acid mine drainage application.

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9

Guidotti, T. L. "Hydrogen Sulphide." Occupational Medicine 46, no. 5 (October 1, 1996): 367–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/occmed/46.5.367.

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10

Vale, Allister. "Hydrogen Sulphide." Medicine 31, no. 10 (October 2003): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1383/medc.31.10.54.27814.

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Vale, Allister. "Hydrogen sulphide." Medicine 35, no. 12 (December 2007): 623. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mpmed.2007.09.001.

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Vale, Allister. "Hydrogen sulphide." Medicine 40, no. 3 (March 2012): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mpmed.2011.12.016.

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van Zwieten, Pieter A. "Hydrogen sulphide." Journal of Hypertension 21, no. 10 (October 2003): 1819–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004872-200310000-00005.

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Wulansari, Isma. "Sulfiden Removal by Catalitic Oxidation From Rayon Waste." Devotion Journal of Community Service 4, no. 2 (February 23, 2023): 615–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.36418/devotion.v4i2.414.

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Catalytic oxidation of spent sulfidic caustic consist of SH- ion or NaHS compound by H 2 O2 in neutral or acidic solution to elemental sulphur may provide a convenient and economical method for the control of sulphide wastes and their associated odors at pulp, paper and textile industry. Oxidation of sulfide in rayon waste by hydrogen peroxide was investigated in the presence of ferric sulfate catalyst. Kinetic equations and activation energies of H 2 O2 and SH- ion to total sulphur and sulphate in rayon waste for catalytic oxidation reaction were calculated based on the experimental results. For the removal of sulfide from sulfide solution the most common process involves its catalytic oxidation to a more benign form sulfate. The rate of sulfidic catalytic oxidation was found higher at lower initial sulphide concentration and the rate of sulphide catalytic oxidation was found directly proportional to loading and hydrogen peroxide addition. Optimum total sulphide concentration was achieved when sulphide solutions in the presence of H 2 O 2 in the ratios SH-/H 2 O 2 1:4.2. The potential user of H 2 O 2 determine the optimal conditions for control of odor, corrosion and waste treatment cost due to sulfide consisting of sulphur ion, sulphate ion, etc. The catalytic oxidation of sulphides into sulphates by H 2 O 2 may be applied directly to aqueous wastes containing these odorants

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CERVERAMARCH, S., L. BORRELL, J. GIMENEZ, R. SIMARRO, and J. ANDUJAR. "Solar hydrogen photoproduction from sulphide/sulphite substrate." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 17, no. 9 (September 1992): 683–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0360-3199(92)90087-d.

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Prokkola, Hanna, Emma-Tuulia Nurmesniemi, and Ulla Lassi. "Removal of Metals by Sulphide Precipitation Using Na2S and HS−-Solution." ChemEngineering 4, no. 3 (September 4, 2020): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemengineering4030051.

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Precipitation of metals as metal sulphides is a practical way to recover metals from mine water. Sulphide precipitation is useful since many metals are very sparingly soluble as sulphides. Precipitation is also pH dependent. This article investigates the precipitation of metals individually as sulphides and assesses which metals are precipitated as metal hydroxides by adjustment of the pH. The precipitation of different metals as sulphides was studied to determine the conditions under which the HS− solution from the sulphate reduction reaction could be used for precipitation. H2S gas and ionic HS− produced during anaerobic treatment could be recycled from the process to precipitate metals in acidic mine drainage (AMD) prior to anaerobic treatment (Biological sulphate reduction), thereby recovering several metals. Precipitation of metals with HS− was fast and produced fine precipitates. The pH of acid mine water is about 2–4, and it can be adjusted to pH 5.5 before sulphide precipitation, while the precipitation, on the other hand, requires a sulphide solution with pH at 8 and the sulphide in HS− form. This prevents H2S formation and mitigates the risk posed from the evaporation of toxic hydrogen sulphur gas. This is a lower increase than is required for hydroxide precipitation, in which pH is typically raised to approximately nine. After precipitation, metal concentrations ranged from 1 to 30 μg/L.

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Carbajo, Jose Manuel, and Francisco Maraver. "Sulphurous Mineral Waters: New Applications for Health." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2017 (2017): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/8034084.

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Sulphurous mineral waters have been traditionally used in medical hydrology as treatment for skin, respiratory, and musculoskeletal disorders. However, driven by recent intense research efforts, topical treatments are starting to show benefits for pulmonary hypertension, arterial hypertension, atherosclerosis, ischemia-reperfusion injury, heart failure, peptic ulcer, and acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. The beneficial effects of sulphurous mineral waters, sulphurous mud, or peloids made from sulphurous mineral water have been attributed to the presence of sulphur mainly in the form of hydrogen sulphide. This form is largely available in conditions of low pH when oxygen concentrations are also low. In the organism, small amounts of hydrogen sulphide are produced by some cells where they have numerous biological signalling functions. While high levels of hydrogen sulphide are extremely toxic, enzymes in the body are capable of detoxifying it by oxidation to harmless sulphate. Hence, low levels of hydrogen sulphide may be tolerated indefinitely. In this paper, we review the chemistry and actions of hydrogen sulphide in sulphurous mineral waters and its natural role in body physiology. This is followed by an update of available data on the impacts of exogenous hydrogen sulphide on the skin and internal cells and organs including new therapeutic possibilities of sulphurous mineral waters and their peloids.

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Degorce-Dumas, J. R., S. Kowal, and P. Le Cloirec. "Microbiological oxidation of hydrogen sulphide in a biofilter." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 43, no. 3 (March 1, 1997): 264–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m97-037.

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The microbial oxidation of hydrogen sulphide present in an air stream was performed using a laboratory-scale biofilter packed with dry wastewater sludge (BSE, boues de station d'épuration) from an urban wastewater treatment plant. This granular and heterogeneous material contains organic and mineral components which favour colonization by bacteria. Adsorption and absorption of hydrogen sulphide taking place on such a packing (moisture content 30–40%) were determined. Results obtained with abiotic pilot units, fed with air (superficial air flow rate, 16 m/h) containing a sulphide level as high as 3260 mg/m3, showed that chemical oxidation can occur. The presence of numerous bacteria such as Thiobacillus spp. (i.e., 108–109 CFU/g dry weight) in biotic pilot units favoured complete oxidation to sulphate. High initial bacterial numbers and a neutral pH improved the removal efficiency of the biofilter. A high sulphide concentration (>3000 mg/m3) had a negative effect on the removal efficiency. The leaching of the metals contained in the sludges was studied. Peat and BSE biofilters were compared.Key words: Thiobacillus spp., hydrogen sulphide, biofilter, deodorization, bioleaching.

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Wajima, T. "Removal of Hydrogen Sulphide Gas Using Agricultural Wastes." International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Applications 11, no. 2 (April 2020): 63–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.18178/ijcea.2020.11.2.781.

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C. L. Jambhale, C. L. Jambhale. "Hydrogen Sulphide Gas Interaction with Ferrite thin Film." Indian Journal of Applied Research 3, no. 5 (October 1, 2011): 537–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/may2013/174.

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Al Hashimi, A. M. "Moist Hydrogen Sulphide Corrosivity." Key Engineering Materials 20-28 (January 1991): 2437–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.20-28.2437.

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Distrutti, Elenora. "Hydrogen Sulphide and Pain." Inflammation & Allergy - Drug Targets 10, no. 2 (April 1, 2011): 123–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/187152811794776240.

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23

Matos, J. S., and C. M. Aires. "Mathematical modelling of sulphides and hydrogen sulphide gas build-up in the Costa do Estoril sewerage system." Water Science and Technology 31, no. 7 (April 1, 1995): 255–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1995.0241.

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The Costa do Estoril sewerage system is one of the largest separate systems ever built in Portugal. Because of the quality of the environment in the region and the high level of touristic use, special care was given, in its design, to sulphide calculations. This paper describes the application to the Costa do Estoril sewerage system of an integrated computer model for forecasting sulphides and hydrogen sulphide gas build-up along sewer atmospheres. The empirical sulphide prediction equations have been calibrated with experimental results obtained under a research project carried out in a gravity tributary and in a rising main located near the Costa do Estoril zone. The hydrogen sulphide gas concentrations along the main trunk line have been predicted according to an mathematical model described by Matos and Sousa. The results of the model have been considered to be adequate for identifying critical reaches and for predicting the effects of corrective and preventive measures on the overall behaviour of the system.

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Boucil, N., B. Jefferson, S. A. Parsons, S. J. Judd, and R. M. Stuetz. "Direct molecular hydrogen sulphide scrubbing with hollow fibre membranes." Water Science and Technology 44, no. 9 (November 1, 2001): 135–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2001.0525.

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The emission of hydrogen sulphide is a major problem associated with anaerobic treatment of sulphate and sulphite containing wastewaters. Conventional absorbing processes, such as packed towers, spray towers or bubble columns, are all constrained by factors such as flooding and foaming. Membrane systems, on the other hand, enable independent control of the liquid and gas flow rate and a step change order of magnitude increase in the specific surface area of the contact process. The membrane acts as a gas absorber with a design similar to a shell and tube heat exchanger. On the other hand, they are limited by facets of the membrane such as its resistance to mass transfer and permselectivity, as well as its cost. The work presented in this paper refers to an absorption process based on a non-wetted hollow fibre membrane for the scrubbing of hydrogen sulphide from air, with water as the contact solvent. Results presented describe the performance of the unit in terms of overall transfer and outlet liquid concentration as a function of circulation regime, gas flow rate, liquid flow rate and specific surface area. In particular, results are presented using traditional plots of Sherwood number (Sh) against Graetz (Gr) number for the liquid flowing in the lumens, such that experimental and available empirical descriptions of the process performance are directly compared. Results suggest that, as expected, very efficient mass transfer is obtained. However, the mass transfer was found to reach a maximum value against Gr, contrary to available empirical models.

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Schenk, H., M. Wiemann, and W. Hegemann. "Improvement of anaerobic treatment of tannery beamhouse wastewater by an integrated sulphide elimination process." Water Science and Technology 40, no. 1 (July 1, 1999): 245–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1999.0053.

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Sulphide, and especially the undissociated form, hydrogen sulphide, is inhibitory to anaerobic wastewater treatment processes. Tannery beamhouse wastewater contains high concentrations of organic material which make an anaerobic treatment favourable, but it also contains high concentrations of sulphide which cause difficulties for anaerobic treatment. The success of an anaerobic treatment will depend on reliable elimination of the sulphide. In batch tests stripping was the most effective process for sulphide removal compared to precipitation. The chemical-physical COD removal caused by the stripping was negligible, while precipitation caused a COD-removal of 26%. Also, anaerobic degradation velocity was higher if sulphide was removed by stripping. In fixed bed reactors operated continuously, stripping was shown to be a reliable method for eliminating hydrogen sulphide toxicity. Hydrogen sulphide caused an inhibition of 0.2% per mg 1−1 for methanogenic bacteria. Acidogenic bacteria were not inhibited by hydrogen sulphide. The gas-liquid equilibrium was shown to deviate from theoretical values taken from literature.

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O'Brien, J., and R. D. Vetter. "Production of thiosulphate during sulphide oxidation by mitochondria of the symbiont-containing bivalve Solemya reidi." Journal of Experimental Biology 149, no. 1 (March 1, 1990): 133–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.149.1.133.

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Isolated mitochondria of the bivalve Solemya reidi Bernard oxidize sulphide and couple this oxidation to ADP phosphorylation. The products of mitochondrial sulphide oxidation were analyzed by HPLC using monobromobimane derivatization. Concurrent measurements of respiration were made using sulphide-insensitive oxygen electrodes. S. reidi mitochondria oxidized sulphide exclusively to thiosulphate. The reaction occurred in two steps. One sulphide molecule was first oxidized to sulphite. A second molecule of sulphide was then added oxidatively to form the free product thiosulphate. This oxidation was obligately linked to mitochondrial electron transport and could be inhibited by the cytochrome c oxidase inhibitor hydrogen cyanide, or by low oxygen concentration. The site II inhibitor antimycin A did not inhibit thiosulphate production, indicating that sulphide oxidation is linked through only one ATP coupling site (site III). A calculation of the respiratory potential for ATP synthesis by fully intact mitochondria indicated that 2.0-3.25 ATP per sulphide may be synthesized using the proton potential generated by sulphide oxidation. This estimate far exceeds the published phosphorylation ratios for S. reidi (0.5-1.2 ATP per sulphide). This difference may be accounted for by partial uncoupling of phosphorylation from sulphide-based respiration. This hypothesis is supported by the observation that the respiratory control ratio of mitochondria respiring on sulphide is 41% lower than that of mitochondria respiring on succinate. The respiratory control ratio is an index of the tightness of coupling of respiration to ADP phosphorylation. When the adenylate pool of a eukaryotic cell is mostly phosphorylated, respiration is very slow, owing to the maintenance of a high mitochondrial membrane potential. Uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation from respiration would be an adaptive advantage to the animal in that it allows for continuous, rapid removal of the toxic molecule hydrogen sulphide.

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Baykara, S. Z., E. H. Figen, A. Kale, and T. N. Veziroglu. "HYDROGEN FROM HYDROGEN SULPHIDE IN BLACK SEA." Alternative Energy and Ecology (ISJAEE), no. 01-03 (February 25, 2019): 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.15518/isjaee.2019.01-03.049-055.

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Hydrogen sulphide, an acid gas, is generally considered an environmental pollutant. As an industrial byproduct, it is produced mostly during fuel processing. Hydrogen sulphide occurs naturally in many gas wells and also in gas hydrates and gas-saturated sediments especially at the bottom of the Black Sea where 90% of the sea water is anaerobic.The anoxic conditions exist in the deepest parts of the basin since nearly 7300 years, caused by the density stratification following the significant influx of the Mediterranean water through the Bosphorous nearly 9000 years ago. Here, H2S is believed to be produced by sulphur reducing bacteria at an approximate rate of 10 000 tons per day, and it poses a serious threat since it keeps reducing the life in the Black Sea. An oxygen–hydrogen sulphide interface is established at 150–200 m below the surface after which H2S concentration starts increasing regularly until 1000 m, and finally reaches a nearly constant value of 9.5 mg/l around 1500 m depth.Hydrogen sulphide potentially has economic value if both sulphur and hydrogen can be recovered. Several methods are studied for H2S decomposition, including thermal, thermochemical, electrochemical, photochemical and plasmochemical methods.In the present work, H2S potential in the Black Sea is investigated as a source of hydrogen, an evaluation of the developing prominent techniques for hydrogen production from H2S is made, and an engineering assessment is carried out regarding hydrogen production from H2S in the Black Sea using a process design based on the catalytic solar thermolysis approach. Possibility of a modular plant is considered for production at larger scale.

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BAYKARA, S., E. FIGEN, A. KALE, and T. NEJATVEZIROGLU. "Hydrogen from hydrogen sulphide in Black Sea." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 32, no. 9 (June 2007): 1246–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2006.07.021.

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Al-Tarazi, Mousa, A. Bert M. Heesink, and Geert F. Versteeg. "Precipitation of metal sulphides using gaseous hydrogen sulphide: mathematical modelling." Chemical Engineering Science 59, no. 3 (February 2004): 567–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2003.11.006.

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Kristóf, Tamás. "Selective Removal of Hydrogen Sulphide from Industrial Gas Mixtures Using Zeolite NaA." Hungarian Journal of Industry and Chemistry 45, no. 1 (October 1, 2017): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hjic-2017-0003.

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Abstract Hydrogen sulphide removal from simple gas mixtures using a highly polar zeolite was studied by molecular simulation. The equilibrium adsorption properties of hydrogen sulphide, hydrogen, methane and their mixtures on dehydrated zeolite NaA were computed by Grand Canonical Monte Carlo simulations. Existing all-atom intermolecular potential models were optimized to reproduce the adsorption isotherms of the pure substances. The adsorption results of the mixture, also confirmed by IAST calculations, showed very high selectivities of hydrogen sulphide to the investigated non-polar gases, predicting an outstanding performance of zeolite NaA in technological applications that target hydrogen sulphide capture.

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Houghton, S. R., and D. D. Mara. "The Effects of Sulphide Generation in Waste Stabilization Ponds on Photosynthetic Populations and Effluent Quality." Water Science and Technology 26, no. 7-8 (October 1, 1992): 1759–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1992.0619.

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This study concerns the role of sulphide production in the reduction of algal populations and proliferation of purple sulphur bacteria in primary waste stabilization ponds, and the effect of such changes on effluent quality and hydrogen sulphide odour release. Full-scale ponds in Israel were compared to laboratory-scale models fed with domestic wastewater at various organic and sulphate loads. The phenomenon occurred in ponds whose organic loads were between those normally thought appropriate to facultative and anaerobic ponds. Algae of the genus Chlamydomonas were most tolerant of sulphide in ponds, confirming previous in vitro studies. Populations of both photosynthetic groups in the models were related to surface BOD5 loading rates and influent sulphate and sulphide concentrations. Purple sulphur bacteria were unable to prevent all odour release, so situations where they proliferate should be avoided by redesign. Shifts from algal to purple sulphur bacterial dominance caused by increased sulphide concentrations under constant loads were not observed to affect adversely effluent quality in terms of BOD5 and COD.

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Battaglia-Brunet, F., Dominique H. R. Morin, S. Coulon, and Catherine Joulian. "Bioprecipitation of Arsenic Sulphide at Low pH." Advanced Materials Research 71-73 (May 2009): 581–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.71-73.581.

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A process for the precipitation of trivalent arsenic sulphide in sulphate-reducing condition at low pH would be very attractive due to the high arsenic content (60%) in the final precipitate. A bacterial consortium able to reduce sulphate at pH 4.5 served to inoculate column bioreactors that were continuously fed with As(V) or As(III), glycerol and/or hydrogen, at pH values between 2 and 5. The diversity, functionality and evolution of the consortium colonizing the bioreactors were characterized by means of biomolecular tools, in relation with operating parameters (pH, As, sulphide, acetate). The highest As removal rate obtained during these experiments was close to 3 mg.l-1.h-1 using As(V) as the initial arsenic form, while precipitation rates were improved using As(III). When glycerol was replaced by hydrogen in a bioreactor containing a mature biofilm, sulphate-reducing activity increased roughly. Organisms related to Desulfosporosinus were the only sulphate-reducing bacterium (SRB) detected in the bioreactor. arrA genes, involved in As(V) dissimilatory reduction, were also detected and suggested that As(V) was reduced by a Desulfosporosinus-like organism. Molecular fingerprints evidenced an evolution of the bacterial population structure according to changes in operating conditions.

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Kim, Ki Y. "Exposure level and emission characteristics of ammonia and hydrogen sulphide in poultry buildings of South Korea." Indoor and Built Environment 26, no. 8 (August 18, 2016): 1168–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1420326x16664776.

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The purpose of this study is to estimate the concentrations and emission rates of ammonia and hydrogen sulphide released from poultry buildings situated in South Korea by field investigation. Mean concentrations of ammonia and hydrogen sulphide emitted from poultry buildings were 18.8 (±4.90) ppm and 945 (±519) ppb for caged layer house, 15.2 (±3.21) ppm and 603 (±274) ppb for broiler house, and 6.45 (±1.85) ppm and 247 (±184) ppb for layer house with manure belt, respectively. Seasonal variations in concentrations of ammonia and hydrogen sulphide in poultry building were observed highest in winter, lowest in summer (p < 0.01). Based on animal unit (AU), mean emission rates of ammonia and hydrogen sulphide were 4493 (±2095) mg AU−1 h−1 and 4493 (±2095) mg AU−1 h−1, respectively. Those of ammonia and hydrogen sulphide in terms of poultry building area were 278 (±130) mg m−2 h−1 and 12.3 (±9.20) mg m−2 h−1, respectively. Exposure level and emission rate of ammonia and hydrogen sulphide were highest in caged layer house, followed by broiler house and layer house with manure belt (p < 0.05). This finding implicates that the caged layer house among types of poultry building in South Korea should be managed optimally to lessen generation of ammonia and hydrogen sulphide.

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Kharchenko, V., and O. Dolgyi. "The Black sea hydrogen sulphide." Mining of Mineral Deposits 8, no. 3 (September 30, 2014): 321–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/mining08.03.321.

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35

Carson, R. J., and S. P. Edirisinghe. "Don’t forget about hydrogen sulphide." British Journal of Biomedical Science 61, no. 3 (January 2004): 166. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09674845.2004.11732663.

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Strahand, Michael. "Removing hydrogen sulphide from water." Filtration & Separation 47, no. 5 (September 2010): 42–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0015-1882(10)70215-9.

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Mooyaart, Eline A. Q., Egbert L. G. Gelderman, Maarten W. Nijsten, Ronald de Vos, J. Manfred Hirner, Dylan W. de Lange, Henri D. G. Leuvenink, and Walter M. van den Bergh. "Outcome after hydrogen sulphide intoxication." Resuscitation 103 (June 2016): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2016.03.012.

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38

Edyvean, R. G. J. "Hydrogen sulphide — A corrosive metabolite." International Biodeterioration 27, no. 2 (January 1991): 109–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0265-3036(91)90003-a.

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Evsina, Elena M., Tamara V. Alykova, Natalia V. Zolotareva, and Nariman M. Alykov. "The New Sorbent and the Method of Sulphide and Mercaptans Removal from the Enterprises of Oil and Gas Complex Atmospheric Air." Materials Science Forum 931 (September 2018): 1081–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.931.1081.

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The materials and methods for removing hydrogen sulphide and mercaptans from the air, aimed to improve the areas of oil and gas complex enterprises in health respect, related to the primary processing of oil, natural gas and gas condensate, are often associated with the processing of raw materials containing a significant amount of sulphur compounds such as hydrogen sulphide, mercaptans and others. The enterprises, considering premises for various purposes, in spite of all the measures taken, produce small, below the exposure limits of the amount of hydrogen sulphide and low molecular weight mercaptans while their operation. Despite the fact, that the amount of hydrogen sulphide and mercaptans, contained in ambient, especially in indoor air, is lower than TVL, the operating personnel is constantly exposed to those components. The basis of the sorbent is flask, highly siliceous material. On the surface of the beads adsorbed diethanolamine the acidic gases form fairly strong ionic associates. In the article the mechanism of associates formation, the sorption mechanism for trapping hydrogen sulphide as well as the characteristics of the absorber circuit diagram for cleaning the air of hydrogen sulphide and mercaptans are shown.

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Huang, Xuchao, Enmao Wang, Gang Wang, and Jiuyuan Fan. "Prevention and Control of Hydrogen Sulphide Accidents in Mining Extremely Thick Coal Seam: A Case Study in Wudong Coal Mine." Geofluids 2021 (January 7, 2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8885949.

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Hydrogen sulphide is a toxic gas often present in coal seams and seriously threatens the lives and health of underground workers in coal mines. In this study, we theoretically modelled hydrogen sulphide generation in extremely thick underground coal mines with the +575 level #45 coal seam of Wudong Coal Mine as an example and obtained the on-site hydrogen sulphide emission pattern and spatial distribution features by combining field measurements and computational fluid dynamics simulation. The results showed that hydrogen sulphide mainly exists in the coal porous system in an adsorbed state. Because hydrogen sulphide has a molecular weight greater than the average molecular weight of air molecules, its concentration decreases with the increase of altitude to the bottom plate. When mining the upper stratified coal stratum, it diffuses widely in the working space; while when mining the lower coal stratum, it mainly concentrates at the bottom of the working face. Based on these analyses, on-site treatments were carried out using mixtures with different concentrations of sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate. In addition, different combinations of catalysts as well as type A and type B wetting agents were also tested. Eventually, a neutral KXL-I absorbent was developed, and the process of preinjecting absorbent and spraying absorbent was designed. The results showed that the newly developed KXL-I absorbent has high hydrogen sulphide absorption ability and is suitable for use as an absorbent in Wudong Coal Mine; preinjecting and spraying the absorbent can effectively prevent hydrogen sulphide disasters in the +575 level #45 coal seam in Wudong Coal Mine with the optimal final concentration of 0.9% and the absorption rate of 87% at the shearer of 66.6% at the support. Overall, our study provides valuable information for the prevention and control of hydrogen sulphide disasters in coal mines.

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MEGALOFONOS, S., and N. PAPAYANNAKOS. "Hydrogen production from natural gas and hydrogen sulphide." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 16, no. 5 (1991): 319–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0360-3199(91)90168-i.

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Dando, P. R., and A. J. Southward. "Chemoautotrophy in Bivalve Molluscs of the Genus Thyasira." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 66, no. 4 (November 1986): 915–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315400048529.

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The bivalves Thyasiraflexuosa and T. sarsi have enlarged gills which contain numerous prokaryotes. Gills from freshly collected animals contain high concentrations of elemental sulphur. Homogenates of gill tissue show activity for ribulosebisphosphate carboxylase, adenylylsulphate reductase, sulphate adenylyltransferase and sulphate adenylyltransferase (ADP), indicating that the prokaryotes are sulphur-oxidizing autotrophs. Both species can burrow to depths of 8 cm below the sediment surface and use their vermiform feet to construct channels penetrating deeper into the sediment. T.flexuosa and T. sarsi are scarce in sediments with high hydrogen sulphide concentrations and are not found in sediments where the sulphide zone is below their burrowing depth.

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Cubitt, A. G., C. Henderson, L. A. K. Staveley, I. M. A. Fonseca, A. G. M. Ferreira, and L. Q. Lobo. "Some thermodynamic properties of liquid hydrogen sulphide and deuterium sulphide." Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics 19, no. 7 (July 1987): 703–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-9614(87)90091-7.

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44

Holder, G. A., G. Vaughan, and W. Drew. "Kinetic Studies of the Microbiological Conversion of Sulphate to Hydrogen Sulphide and their Relevance to Sulphide Generation within Sewers." Water Science and Technology 17, no. 2-3 (February 1, 1985): 183–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1985.0129.

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The relevance of the studies carried out, to the important practical problem of predicting sulphide generation rates within sewers, is discussed in the introduction section of the paper. The predictive equations presently in use are compared, and the desirability of replacing these empirical equations by a more scientific approach based on an analysis of mass transport and biochemical reaction is stressed. A theoretical analysis of mass transport and metabolism of sulphate during laminar flow in a model sewer is then described. This theoretical section is followed by the description of the laboratory experimental studies. These studies consisted of flowing simulated sewage through tubes containing biofilms of mixed cultures of sulphate reducing bacteria. The results obtained in the laboratory studies showed that the diffusional resistance in the liquid phase was negligible and that the biological conversion of sulphate to sulphide followed zero order kinetics when mass transfer was not rate limiting. The observed sulphate removal rates gave good agreement with Australian field data for sulphide generation in sewers. The value of the zero order rate constant (measured at 41 °C) was 30 mg cm−3 h−1.

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Karunakaran, Esther, Dejan Vernon, Catherine A. Biggs, Adrian Saul, David Crawford, and Henriette Jensen. "Enumeration of sulphate-reducing bacteria for assessing potential for hydrogen sulphide production in urban drainage systems." Water Science and Technology 73, no. 12 (April 13, 2016): 3087–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2016.026.

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Abstract Urban drainage structures have increasing demands which can lead to increasing hydrogen sulphide related problems forming in places where they have not previously been prevalent. This puts pressure on the methods currently used to monitor and diagnose these problems and more sophisticated methods may be needed for identifying the origin of the problems. Molecular microbiological techniques, such as quantitative polymerase chain reaction, offer a potential alternative for identifying and quantifying bacteria likely to be causing the production of hydrogen sulphide, information that, when combined with an appropriate sampling programme, can then be used to identify the potentially most effective remediation technique. The application of these methods in urban drainage systems is, however, not always simple, but good results can be achieved. In this study bacteria producing hydrogen sulphide were quantified in three small combined sewer overflow storage tanks. Bacterial counts were compared between wastewater, biofilms and sediments. Similar numbers were found in the wastewater and biofilms, with the numbers in the sediments being lower. If remediation methods for hydrogen sulphide are deemed necessary in the tanks, methods that target both the wastewater and the biofilms should therefore be considered.

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Drahorádová, Alexandra, and Miroslav Zdražil. "Hydrogenation-dehydrogenation and cleavage functions of hydrorefining catalysts studied by the reaction of tetrahydrothiophene." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 51, no. 12 (1986): 2770–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19862770.

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The reaction of tetrahydrothiophene in a stream of nitrogen was used to study the relations between dehydrogenation and C-S cleavage reactions on sulphided Co-Mo/Al2O3 catalysts. The course of the reaction was compared for Co-Mo catalysts supported on alumina and activated carbon, for alumina alone as well as for a Pt/C catalyst. The effect of substitution of nitrogen for hydrogen, of the addition of water to the feed, of pre-sulphidation of catalysts and their deactivation by coking on the rate and selectivity of the reaction were also investigated. The results showed that hydrogenation-dehydrogenation and dehydrosulphurization activity of the sulphide catalysts have the same origin. Hydrogen accelerates dehydrosulphurization on the sulphide catalysts by removing sulphur and unsaturated hydrocarbons formed on catalyst surface by C-S bond cleavage reactions.

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47

Nott, J. A., M. J. Bebianno, W. J. Langston, and K. P. Ryan. "Cadmium in the gastropod Littorina littorea." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 73, no. 3 (August 1993): 655–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315400033191.

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Tissues of Littorina littorea (Mollusca: Gastropoda) were processed for electron microscopy with an aqueous fixative which included hydrogen sulphide to precipitate intracellular cadmium. The procedure retained cadmium in the cytosol, where it was below the detection limit for x-ray microanalysis, but it did not increase the retention of the metal within lysosomes and other sites of accumulation where it was detectable. Aqueous fixation caused extraction of labile elements, particularly magnesium and potassium, and this effect was increased by the use of hydrogen sulphide. Cadmium and hydrogen sulphide had disruptive effects on the fine structure of cells. It is concluded that cytological fixatives should not include hydrogen sulphide, and that cryo-fixation is required for x-ray microanalysis of intracellular elements.

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Thomas, J. D. R. "Ion-selective electrode and enzyme sensors for flow-type environmental analysis." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 56, no. 1 (1991): 178–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19910178.

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Illustrative examples from researches in the author’s laboratories are given of potentiometric ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) and catalytic membrane amperometric electrodes suitable for environmental analysis. The uses of sulphide ISEs are demonstrated for monitoring the activities of sulphate-reducing bacteria, in effluent analysis for sulphide, and in process/effluent analysis for sulphide, thiols and polysulphides. Diquat and paraquat ISEs are discussed in relation to their optimisation in terms of appropriate crown ether and ion-pairing agents, together with prospects of their uses. Catalytic membrane systems for use in electrochemical analysis may be based on metal oxide catalysts or enzymes. The best of the new metal oxide catalysts for hydrogen peroxide analysis in association with an oxygen electrode is based on manganese dioxide and offers an alternative to lead dioxide and catalase. An alternative membrane system for use with a platinum electrode is peroxidase in association with a mediator in order to permit a low potential approach for hydrogen peroxide sensing. Hydrogen peroxide is a product of many oxidase catalysed reactions and its electrochemical detection permits the analysis of a wide range of substrates, illustrated here for glucose in various food products and hypoxanthine in the spoilage of fish meats.

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Suresha, M. S., Mansour S. Abdul Galil, Mahadevaiah, M. A. Sathish, M. S. Yogendra Kumar, and G. Nagendrappa. "A New Spectrophotometric Method for Hydrogen Sulphide Through Electrolytically Generated Mn(III) WithO-Tolidine." E-Journal of Chemistry 5, no. 1 (2008): 93–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2008/730258.

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A simple, sensitive and economical spectrophotometric method for the determination of hydrogen sulphide is developed. The method is based on a redox reaction in that Mn(III) generated electrolytically is taken in excess, which is oxidizing a known but a less quantity of hydrogen sulphide and the unreacted oxidant will oxidize furthero-tolidine to produce an orange yellow quinonediimine absorbing cation (λ max. 455 nm). Therefore, in principle, the decrease in color intensity of the absorbing system is proportional to the concentration of hydrogen sulphide. The stoichiometry between Mn(III) ando-tolidine and stability constant of the complex were determined by Job's continuous method, the corresponding values were found to be 2:1 and 1.42X105Lmol-1. The system was obeying Lambert-Beer's law in the range 0.2-1.4 μg mL-1of hydrogen sulphide. Molar absorptivity, correlation coefficient and Sandell's sensitivity values were also calculated and found to be 4.2062X103L mol-1cm-1, 0.999 and 0.0012 μg cm-2respectively. The method was employed for the determination of hydrogen sulphide in water samples. The results obtained were reproducible with acceptable standard deviation 0.01-0.068 and relative standard deviation, less than 3.21%. For a comparison, hydrogen sulphide present in water samples were also determined separately following the methylene blue official method. The results of the proposed method compare well with the official method.

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Ihsan, Yudi Nurul, Kalysta Fellatami, Rega Permana, Jiang Mingguo, and Tri Dewi Kusumaningrum Pribadi. "The Optimization of Sulphide Oxidizing Bacteria (SOB) for Oil Corrosivity Reduction at Indramayu Coast, The Northern Coastal Area of West Java." Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan 14, no. 2 (August 30, 2022): 360–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jipk.v14i2.33462.

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Highlight Research First NR-SOB from Indramayu coast was successfully isolated and identified. Bactrerial characterization morphologically and biochemically, foster with in situ hybridization confirm the isolate was Thiobacillus denitrificans, and Arcobacter sp. Both isolate, Thiobacillus denitrificans and Arcobacter sp., were able to grow in sulphide rich environment in the presence of essential nutrient Thiobacillus denitrificans and Arcobacter sp. exhibit an outstanding sulphide oxidation ability up to 100% in the presence of nitrate. Abstract Crude oil production triggers the formation of hydrogen sulphide, also known as souring, which is extremely toxic and corrosive to the environment. It additionally give an adverse consequence to aquatic, terrestrial, and human existence. Studies of hydrogen sulphide reduction in sediments polluted by crude oil have been carried out recently to investigate the capability of indigenous Nitrate-Reducing Sulphide Oxidising Bacteria, hereinafter referred to as NR-SOB, as bioremediation agents. The experiments utilised hydrogen sulphide with 200 µM concentration combined with NO3 with different concentrations of 100 µM, 200 µM, and 300 µM. Measurements of the hydrogen sulfide concentrations were observed up to 48 hours within the experimental period. The SOB used in this study were taken from Balongan Bay at Indramayu coast using Nansen bottle to carry out water sample. The sulphide-oxidising ability of SOB was then evaluated at room temperature in control environment. Methylene blue method was applied to monitor the sulphide concentration. The results showed a complete removal of hydrogen sulphide concentrations in 48 hours accompanied with gradual drops of nitrate in all experiment series. Sulphide oxidation rate was detected to appear between 6.8 and 10.2 fmol/cell/hour. Measurements of cell abundance after 48 hours showed 6.2 x 105, 7.5 X 105, and 8.2 X 105 cell/ml from Experiments I, II, and III respectively. Using MSS selective medium, the bacteria were identified as Thiobacillus denitrificans and Arcobacter sp. Overall, the isolated NR-SOB from the coast of Balongan Bay, Indramayu proves to be a promising candidate for sulphide controls and mitigation.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Hydrogen sulphide'

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