Relevant bibliographies by topics / Hydrogen storage compounds

Academic literature on the topic 'Hydrogen storage compounds'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Hydrogen storage compounds"

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Mao, W., and H. Mao. "Hydrogen storage in molecular compounds." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations of Crystallography 61, a1 (August 23, 2005): c63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s010876730509731x.

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Mao, W. L., and H. k. Mao. "Hydrogen storage in molecular compounds." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 101, no. 3 (January 7, 2004): 708–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0307449100.

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Hagemann, Hans. "Boron Hydrogen Compounds: Hydrogen Storage and Battery Applications." Molecules 26, no. 24 (December 7, 2021): 7425. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26247425.

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About 25 years ago, Bogdanovic and Schwickardi (B. Bogdanovic, M. Schwickardi: J. Alloys Compd. 1–9, 253 (1997) discovered the catalyzed release of hydrogen from NaAlH4. This discovery stimulated a vast research effort on light hydrides as hydrogen storage materials, in particular boron hydrogen compounds. Mg(BH4)2, with a hydrogen content of 14.9 wt %, has been extensively studied, and recent results shed new light on intermediate species formed during dehydrogenation. The chemistry of B3H8−, which is an important intermediate between BH4− and B12H122−, is presented in detail. The discovery of high ionic conductivity in the high-temperature phases of LiBH4 and Na2B12H12 opened a new research direction. The high chemical and electrochemical stability of closo-hydroborates has stimulated new research for their applications in batteries. Very recently, an all-solid-state 4 V Na battery prototype using a Na4(CB11H12)2(B12H12) solid electrolyte has been demonstrated. In this review, we present the current knowledge of possible reaction pathways involved in the successive hydrogen release reactions from BH4− to B12H122−, and a discussion of relevant necessary properties for high-ionic-conduction materials.
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Li, Z. P., B. H. Liu, K. Arai, N. Morigazaki, and S. Suda. "Protide compounds in hydrogen storage systems." Journal of Alloys and Compounds 356-357 (August 2003): 469–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388(02)01241-0.

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Ozturk, T., and A. Demirbas. "Boron Compounds as Hydrogen Storage Materials." Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects 29, no. 15 (September 27, 2007): 1415–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00908310500434572.

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Manakov, A. Yu, and S. S. Skiba. "Application of clathrate compounds for hydrogen storage." Russian Journal of General Chemistry 77, no. 4 (April 2007): 740–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1070363207040354.

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Ouyang, Liuzhang, Fen Liu, Hui Wang, Jiangwen Liu, Xu-Sheng Yang, Lixian Sun, and Min Zhu. "Magnesium-based hydrogen storage compounds: A review." Journal of Alloys and Compounds 832 (August 2020): 154865. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2020.154865.

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Hagemann, Hans. "Boron Hydrogen Compounds for Hydrogen Storage and as Solid Ionic Conductors." CHIMIA International Journal for Chemistry 73, no. 11 (November 1, 2019): 868–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2533/chimia.2019.868.

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Metal borohydrides have been studied since the beginning of this century as potential hydrogen storage materials due to their high gravimetric hydrogen content. Many new compounds have been synthesized and characterized, however to date the main problem are the kinetics of dehydrogenation and rehydrogenation. In this review we address thermodynamical and chemical properties of boron hydrogen compounds which come into play for hydrogen storage and which must be considered in the search for efficient catalysts. More recently, closo and nido hydridoborate and related closo hydridocarborate compounds have been identified as good ionic conductors for all-solid-state lithium or sodium batteries. The properties of these fascinating and very promising compounds for battery applications are illustrated with recent literature results.
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Lahlou Nabil, Mohamed Amine, Nouredine Fenineche, Ioana Popa, and Joan Josep Sunyol. "Morphological, Structural and Hydrogen Storage Properties of LaCrO3 Perovskite-Type Oxides." Energies 15, no. 4 (February 17, 2022): 1463. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15041463.

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Recently, perovskite-type oxides have attracted researchers as new materials for solid hydrogen storage. This paper presents the performances of perovskite-type oxide LaCrO3 dedicated for hydrogen solid storage using both numerical and experimental methods. Ab initio calculations have been used here with the aim to investigate the electronic, mechanical and elastic properties of LaCrO3Hx (x = 0, 6) for hydrogen storage applications. Cell parameters, crystal structures and mechanical properties are determined. Additionally, the cohesive energy indicates the stability of the hydride. Furthermore, the mechanical properties showed that both compounds (before and after hydrogenation) are stable. The microstructure and storage capacity at different temperatures of these compounds have been studied. We have shown that storage capacities are around 4 wt%. The properties obtained from this type of hydride showed that it can be used for future applications. XRD analysis was conducted in order to study the structural properties of the compound. Besides morphological, thermogravimetric analysis was also conducted on the perovskite-type oxide. Finally, a comparison of these materials with other hydrides used for hydrogen storage was carried out.
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Liu, Yuchen, Djafar Chabane, and Omar Elkedim. "Intermetallic Compounds Synthesized by Mechanical Alloying for Solid-State Hydrogen Storage: A Review." Energies 14, no. 18 (September 13, 2021): 5758. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14185758.

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Hydrogen energy is a very attractive option in dealing with the existing energy crisis. For the development of a hydrogen energy economy, hydrogen storage technology must be improved to over the storage limitations. Compared with traditional hydrogen storage technology, the prospect of hydrogen storage materials is broader. Among all types of hydrogen storage materials, solid hydrogen storage materials are most promising and have the most safety security. Solid hydrogen storage materials include high surface area physical adsorption materials and interstitial and non-interstitial hydrides. Among them, interstitial hydrides, also called intermetallic hydrides, are hydrides formed by transition metals or their alloys. The main alloy types are A2B, AB, AB2, AB3, A2B7, AB5, and BCC. A is a hydride that easily forms metal (such as Ti, V, Zr, and Y), while B is a non-hydride forming metal (such as Cr, Mn, and Fe). The development of intermetallic compounds as hydrogen storage materials is very attractive because their volumetric capacity is much higher (80–160 kgH2m−3) than the gaseous storage method and the liquid storage method in a cryogenic tank (40 and 71 kgH2m−3). Additionally, for hydrogen absorption and desorption reactions, the environmental requirements are lower than that of physical adsorption materials (ultra-low temperature) and the simplicity of the procedure is higher than that of non-interstitial hydrogen storage materials (multiple steps and a complex catalyst). In addition, there are abundant raw materials and diverse ingredients. For the synthesis and optimization of intermetallic compounds, in addition to traditional melting methods, mechanical alloying is a very important synthesis method, which has a unique synthesis mechanism and advantages. This review focuses on the application of mechanical alloying methods in the field of solid hydrogen storage materials.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Hydrogen storage compounds"

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Murshidi, Julie Andrianny. "Hydrogen storage studies of nanoparticulate AI and TiMn based compounds." Thesis, Curtin University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/175.

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Concerns about the impact that fossil fuels have on the environment and their increasing price to the consumer have led to research being undertaken to evaluate and refine other energy carriers that will be comparable to fossil fuels. Significant interest has been associated with hydrogen. Hydrogen is widely known as a promising energy carrier for the transportation sector. However at present no known material or storage means exists that satisfies all requirements to enable high-volume automotive application. Transition to using hydrogen storage technology in vehicles might first include its implementation in specialty vehicles, portable power supply and stationary power supply. Due to this fact, research into materials based hydrogen storage has grown significantly over the past decade. Of the wide variety of materials based hydrogen storage, three different materials were chosen as the primary focus of this project; (1) Aluminium nanoparticles, (2) AlH3 nanoparticles and (3) TiMn alloy.Al nanoparticles were synthesised by mechanochemical reactions of AlCl3 + 3Li → Al + 3LiCl using different LiCl:Al volume ratios (6.786:1 , 9.665:1 and 12.544:1). LiCl was used as the buffer. Sample synthesised without the addition of buffer led to the formation of Al nanoparticles with an average particle size of 50 nm. Addition of sufficient quantity of buffer resulted in the formation of Al with average particle sizes down to 13 nm. The addition of LiCl as a buffer helps to separate the synthesized Al particles, essentially restricting particle growth and promoting nanoparticle formation. Attempted hydrogenation of Al nanoparticles (13 nm) using a mixed H2/scCO2 media showed no H2 absorption. This indicates that an Al particle size less than (13 nm) is required to introduce hydrogen into pure Al at pressure and temperature attempt herein (73.8 bar and 31.1C). Furthermore the presence of oxide layer (Al2O3) on Al nanoparticles during scCO2/H2 reaction limited the rate of hydrogen permeation on Al nanoparticles.AlH3 nanoparticles were synthesised by mechanochemical reactions of the 3LiAlH4 + AlCl3 using different LiCl:AlH3 volume ratios (0.76:1, 2:1, 5:1 and 10:1) at 77 K. The addition of LiCl as a buffer leads to the reduction of the synthesized AlH3 crystallite size, restricting AlH3 decomposition and preventing high Al yields. Quantitative Rietveld results coupled with hydrogen desorption measurements suggest the presence of an amorphous AlH3 phase in mechanochemically synthesized samples. TEM results show that the synthesized AlH3 comprised of 10 - 30 nm particle size range. For hydrogen desorption measurements, it is clear that AlH3 particle size reduction when ball milling using buffer does effectively increase the H desorption rate compared to the case without using buffer. For hydrogen absorption measurements, decomposed AlH3 nanoparticles with 10 - 30 nm in size underwent pressures of 280 bar at -196 C, 1420 bar at 25C, 1532 bar at 50°C, 1734 bar at 100°C and 1967 bar at 150°C with no hydrogen absorption was detected.Ti-Mn alloy compounds with the composition TiMn2, Ti0.97Zr0.019Mn1.5Cr0.57 and Ti0.7875Zr0.2625Mn0.8Cr1.2 were synthesised and compared to the commercially available Ti0.97Zr0.019V0.439Fe0.097Cr0.045Al0.026Mn1.5 alloy composition. An amorphous Ti-Mn alloy was formed when the starting reagents were mechanical alloying for 40 h. The corresponding crystalline phase TiMn was formed when the amorphous alloy was annealed at 800C. The addition of a process control agent (Toluene) leads to the formation of a carbide phase (TiC) in the samples. The presence of impurities, carbide (TiC) and oxide (TiO) phases resulted a decrease in C14 laves phase wt.% in the synthesised samples. Only 37.24, 31.5 and 32.81 wt.% C14 phase was formed in TiMn2, Ti0.97Zr0.019Mn1.5Cr0.57 and Ti0.7875Zr0.2625Mn0.8Cr1.2 respectively. The result also showed that the theoretical value of 1.9 hydrogen wt.% could not be reached by these samples.
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Sun, Weiwei. "Heavy Metal Compounds and Hydrogen Storage Materials from Ab Initio Calculations." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Tillämpad materialfysik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-120062.

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In principle, most of the properties of solids can be determined by their electronic structures. So the understanding of electronic structures is essential. This thesis presents two classes of materials using ab initio method based on density functional theory. One is heavy metal compounds like Ta2AlC, ThO and the other one is hydrogen storage material namely MgH2 surfaces. The study of correlation and relativistic effects in Ta2AlC are presented. Based on our results, Ta2AlC is a weakly correlated system. Our study shows that the spin - orbital coupling does not play a very important role where as the other relativistic corrections such as mass velocity and Darwin terms have a significant effect on the electronic properties. The stability of rock salt like ThO has been proposed based on the first principle calculation. ThO can be stabilized under pressure. The driving force is the sd to f charge transfer in Th. We have investigated the energetics of hydrogen desorption from the MgH2 (110) and (001) surfaces. The doping of foreign metal elements and strain were used to reduce the dehydrogenation energy. The reduction in dehydrogenation energy is caused by the charge localization on the metal atoms which leads to destabilization and the weakening of metal - hydrogen bonds.

QC 20130327

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Sahlberg, Martin. "Light-Metal Hydrides for Hydrogen Storage." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-107380.

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Sobkowiak, Adam. "Hydrogen absorption properties of scandium and aluminium based compounds." Thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Materials Chemistry, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-130182.

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In a time of global environmental problems due to overuse of fossil fuels, and a subsequent depletion of the supplies, hydrogen is considered as one of the most important renewable future fuels for use in clean energy systems with zero greenhouse-gas emission. Hydrogen storage is the main issue that needs to be solved before the technology can be implemented into key areas such as transport. The high energy density, good stability and reversibility of metal hydrides make them appealing as hydrogen storage materials. In this thesis research on synthesis and hydrogen absorption properties for intermetallic compounds based on scandium and aluminium is reported. The compounds were synthesized by arc melting or induction melting and exposed to hydrogen in a high pressure furnace. Desorption investigations were performed by thermal desorption spectroscopy. The samples were analyzed by x-ray powder diffraction and electron microscopy. ScAlNi, crystallizing in the MgZn2-type structure (space group: P63/mmc; a = 5.1434(1) Å, c = 8.1820(2) Å), was found to absorb hydrogen by two different mechanisms at different temperature regions. At ~120 °C hydrogen was absorbed by solid solution formation with estimated compositions up to ScAlNiH0.5. At ~500 °C hydrogen was absorbed by disproportionation of ScAlNi into ScH2 and AlNi. The reaction was found to be fully reversible due to destabilization effects which lowered the decomposition temperature of ScH2 by ~460 °C.

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Wood, C. R. "Theoretical study of hydrogen storage in alkali- and alkaline-earth graphite intercalate compounds." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2013. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1399843/.

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The research project described in the thesis uses atomic-scale computational modelling to investigate the storage of hydrogen in graphite intercalate compounds (GICs). The work is relevant to the energy economy, as hydrogen is a source of clean energy, and can be used efficiently in fuel cells to generate electricity. Storing hydrogen safely has long been a challenge in materials science and, since the proposal of a hydrogen-based transport economy, has attracted great attention. Graphite intercalate compounds offer the possibility of dense storage, because they contain large absorption pores for hydrogen to bind. The absorption mechanisms and patterns in different intercalate compounds are not well understood, and this is the motivation for this work. Alkali and alkaline-earth metal GICs (A/AE-GICs) were modelled using density func- tional theory (and benchmarked with quantum chemistry) to investigate their hydrogen storage capabilities and their stability against decomposition into the metal hydride and pure graphite upon hydrogenation. Detailed studies of the calcium-GIC were per- formed and also a survey of the other A/AE-GICs. The effect of the commonly modelled MC14 GIC compared with the experimental MC12 stoichiometry has been investigated to bridge the gap between experiment and theory. The calcium-GIC was found to favourably absorb hydrogen within U.S. Department of Energy targets, but was found to be extremely unstable. Our investigations showed that all AE-GICs are unstable. Heavier A-GICs were found to stably absorb hydrogen at reasonable volumetric densities at the cost of gravimetric densities. The theoreti- cally modelled MC14 stoichiometry was found to be fundamentally different from the experimental MC12 stoichiometry, with the latter breaking the simple symmetry of the former and offering many more distinct absorption sites and barriers to diffusion. Pair potentials have been built and parametrised to KC14 to aid simple modelling of KCn GICs in, for example, classical molecular dynamics.
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Hoy, Jason Michael. "Syntheses of Aluminum Amidotrihydroborate Compounds and Ammonia Triborane as Potential Hydrogen Storage Materials." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1260474478.

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Morawa, Eblagon Katarzyna Anna. "On the recyclability of liquid organic hydrides : hydrogenation of 9-ethylcarbazole and other heterocyclic compounds for application in hydrogen storage." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:eca70cd1-68cb-48c2-b505-852b11876774.

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The main focus of the present work is the recovery process for spent fuels based on catalytic hydrogenation of liquid organic hydrides (LOH). To gain the knowledge about the possible hurdles of hydrogen loading process, the hydrogenation of 9-ethylcarbazole as a model compound was elected to be studied in more detail. The structures of the intermediates and products of this reaction were characterized for the first time using combined GC-MS and NMR analysis with reference to DFT calculations. The fully saturated product was found to be a mixture of stereoisomers. A reaction model was developed which agreed well with the experimental results. The combined theoretical and experimental approaches were also undertaken to identify catalytic sites on the metal surface and their role in the hydrogenation of 9-ethylcarbazole. Kinetically stable intermediate (Plus 8 [H]) containing a central unsaturated “pyrrole” ring was found to be accumulated in the solution over a ruthenium black catalyst. Its further hydrogenation was found to involve its unusual shuttling from terraced sites to higher indexed sites. The stability of Plus 8 [H] was found to be influenced by the type of active sites present on the surface of the catalyst, as well as by the electronic structure of the metal. In addition, the kinetics of the hydrogenation was analyzed experimentally and the activation energies were obtained for all of the intermediate steps. Further understanding of how the molecules interact with the catalyst surface was provided by examining the hydrogenation activity and selectivity of a series of LOH. The general factors involved in LOH structure- catalyst –activity trend were outlined. Overall, due to a number of defined challenges in the LOH spent fuel recharging, it is believed that this complex H2 storage strategy is not likely to meet the targets for wide scale applications.
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Öztek, Muzaffer Tonguç. "The study of three different layered structures as model systems for hydrogen storage materials." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2011. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5001.

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The strength and success of the hydrogen economy relies heavily on the storage of hydrogen. Storage systems in which hydrogen is sequestered in a solid material have been shown to be advantageous over storage of hydrogen as a liquid or compressed gas. Many different types of materials have been investigated, yet the desired capacity and uptake/release characteristics required for implementation have not been reached. In this work, porphyrin aggregates were investigated as a new type of material for hydrogen storage. The building blocks of the aggregates are porphyrin molecules that are planar and can assume a face to face arrangement that is also known as H-aggregation. The H-aggregates were formed in solution, upon mixing of aqueous solutions of two different porphyrins, one carrying positively charged and the other one carrying negatively charged functional groups. The cationic porphyrin used was meso-tetra(4-N,N,N-trimethylanilinium) porphine (TAP) and it was combined with four different anionic porphyrins, meso-tetra(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphine (TPPS), meso-tetra(4-carboxyphenyl) porphine (TCPP), Cu(II) meso-tetra(4-carboxyphenyl) porphine, and Fe(III) meso-tetra(4-carboxyphenyl) porphine. The force of attraction that held two oppositely charged porphyrin molecules together was electrostatic attraction between the peripheral groups. Solid state aggregates were successfully isolated either by solvent evaporation or by centrifuging and freeze drying. TCPP-TAP and Cu(II)TCPP-TAP aggregates were shown to interact with hydrogen starting from 150 [degrees]C up to 250 [degrees]C. The uptake capacity was about 1 weight %. Although this value is very low, this is the first observation of porphyrin aggregates absorbing hydrogen. This opened the way for further research to improve hydrogen absorption properties of these materials, as well as other materials based on this model.; Two other materials that are also based on planar building blocks were selected to serve as a comparison to the porphyrin aggregates. The first of those materials was metal intercalated graphite compounds. In such compounds, a metal atom is placed between the layers of graphene that make up the graphite. Lithium, calcium and lanthanum were selected in this study. Theoretical hydrogen capacity was calculated for each material based on the hydriding of the metal atoms only. The fraction of that theoretical hydrogen capacity actually displayed by each material increased from La to Ca to Li containing graphite. The weight % hydrogen observed for these materials varied between 0.60 and 2.0 %. The other material tested for comparison was K[sub x]MnO[sub2], a layered structure of MnO[sub2] that contained the K atoms in between oxygen layers. The hydrogen capacity of the K[sub x]MnO[sub2] samples was similar to the other materials tested in the study, slightly above 1 weight %. This work has shown that porphyrin aggregates, carbon based and manganese dioxide based materials are excellent model materials for hydrogen storage. All three materials absorb hydrogen. Porphyrin aggregates have the potential to exhibit adjustable hydrogen uptake and release temperatures owing to their structure that could interact with an external electric or magnetic field. In the layered materials, it is possible to alter interlayer spacing and the particular intercalates to potentially produce a material with an exceptionally large hydrogen capacity. As a result, these materials can have significant impact on the use of hydrogen as an energy carrier.
ID: 029809891; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Central Florida, 2011.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 86-101).
Ph.D.
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Chemistry
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Oksuz, Berke. "Production And Characterization Of Cani Compounds For Metal Hydride Batteries." Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614676/index.pdf.

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Ni - MH batteries have superior properties which are long cycle life, low maintenance, high power, light weight, good thermal performance and configurable design. Hydrogen storage alloys play a dominant role in power service life of a Ni - MH battery and determining the electrochemical properties of the battery. LaNi5, belonging to the CaCu5 crystal structure type, satisfy many of the properties. The most important property of LaNi5 is fast hydrogen kinetics. Recently, CaNi5, belonging to same crystal type, has taken some attention due to its low cost, higher hydrogen storage capacity, good kinetic properties. However, the main restriction of its use is its very low cycle life. The aim of the study is to obtain a more stable structure providing higher cycle life by the addition of different alloying elements. In this study, the effect of sixteen alloying elements (Mn, Sm, Sn, Al, Y, Cu, Si, Zn, Cr, Mg, Fe, Dy, V, Ti, Hf and Er) on cycle life was investigated. Sm, Y, Dy, Ti, Hf and Er were added for replacement of Ca and Mn, Sn, Al, Cu, Si, Zn, Cr, Mg, Fe and V were added for replacement of Ni. Alloys were produced by vacuum casting and heat treating followed by ball milling. The cells assembled, using the produced active materials as anode, which were cycled for charging and discharging. As a result, replacement of Ca with Hf, Ti, Dy and Er, and replacement of Ni with Si and Mn were observed to show better cycle durability rather than pure CaNi5.
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Georgiev, Peter Alexandrov. "Microgravimetric and neutron scattering studies of the hydrogen storage mechanisms in LaNiâ‚… : types of compounds and single-walled carbon nanotubes." Thesis, University of Salford, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.402053.

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Books on the topic "Hydrogen storage compounds"

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Warren, Michael Edward. Rare earth transition metal compounds for hydrogen storage applications. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 2003.

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Lowe, Robin. Development of a new hydrogen storage compound. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 1987.

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Book chapters on the topic "Hydrogen storage compounds"

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Laversenne, L. "Introduction to borohydride compounds." In Hydrogen Storage Materials, 280–81. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-54261-3_49.

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Laversenne, L. "Overview of borohydride compounds." In Hydrogen Storage Materials, 307. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-54261-3_56.

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Cuevas, F. "Thermodynamic properties of AB compounds." In Hydrogen Storage Materials, 52–66. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-54261-3_12.

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Cuevas, F. "Electrochemical properties of AB compounds." In Hydrogen Storage Materials, 67–70. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-54261-3_13.

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Latroche, M. "Thermodynamic properties of AB3 compounds." In Hydrogen Storage Materials, 151–57. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-54261-3_24.

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Latroche, M. "Thermodynamic properties of A5B19 compounds." In Hydrogen Storage Materials, 170–75. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-54261-3_29.

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Paul-Boncour, V. "Thermodynamic properties of A6B23 compounds." In Hydrogen Storage Materials, 188–92. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-54261-3_34.

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Joubert, J. M. "Thermodynamic Properties of AB5 compounds." In Hydrogen Storage Materials, 223–44. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-54261-3_39.

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Joubert, J. M. "Ageing properties of AB5 compounds." In Hydrogen Storage Materials, 245–46. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-54261-3_40.

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Joubert, J. M. "Electrochemical properties of AB5 compounds." In Hydrogen Storage Materials, 247–49. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-54261-3_41.

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Conference papers on the topic "Hydrogen storage compounds"

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Jorgensen, Scott. "Engineering Hydrogen Storage Systems." In ASME 2007 2nd Energy Nanotechnology International Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/enic2007-45026.

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Increased research into the chemistry, physics and material science of hydrogen cycling compounds has led to the rapid growth of solid-phase hydrogen-storage options. The operating conditions of these new options span a wide range: system temperature can be as low as 70K or over 600K, system pressure varies from less than 100kPa to 35MPa, and heat loads can be moderate or can be measured in megawatts. While the intense focus placed on storage materials has been appropriate, there is also a need for research in engineering, specifically in containment, heat transfer, and controls. The DOE’s recently proposed engineering center of expertise underscores the growing understanding that engineering research will play a role in the success of advanced hydrogen storage systems. Engineering a hydrogen system will minimally require containment of the storage media and control of the hydrogenation and dehydrogenation processes, but an elegant system design will compensate for the storage media’s weaker aspects and capitalize on its strengths. To achieve such a complete solution, the storage tank must be designed to work with the media, the vehicle packaging, the power-plant, and the power-plant’s control system. In some cases there are synergies available that increase the efficiency of both subsystems simultaneously. In addition, system designers will need to make the hard choices needed to convert a technically feasible concept into a commercially successful product. Materials cost, assembly cost, and end of life costs will all shape the final design of a viable hydrogen storage system. Once again there is a critical role for engineering research, in this case into lower cost and higher performance engineering materials. Each form of hydrogen storage has its own, unique, challenges and opportunities for the system designer. These differing requirements stem directly from the properties of the storage media. Aside from physical containment of compressed or liquefied hydrogen, most storage media can be assigned to one of four major categories, chemical storage, metal hydrides, complex hydrides, or physisorption. Specific needs of each technology are discussed below. Physisorption systems currently operate at 77K with very fast kinetics and good gravimetric capacity; and as such, special engineering challenges center on controlling heat transfer. Excellent MLVSI is available, its cost is high and it is not readily applied to complex shape in a mass manufacture setting. Additionally, while the heat of adsorption on most physisorbents is a relatively modest 6–10kJ/mol H2, this heat must be moved up a 200K gradient. Physisorpion systems are also challenged on density. Consequently, methods for reducing the cost of producing and assembling compact, high-quality insulation, tank design to minimize heat transfer while maintaining manufacturability, improved methods of heat transfer to and from the storage media, and controls to optimize filling are areas of profitable research. It may be noted that the first two areas would also contribute to improvement of liquid hydrogen tanks. Metal hydrides are currently nearest application in the form of high pressure metal hydride tanks because of their reduced volume relative to compressed gas tanks of the same capacity and pressure. These systems typically use simple pressure controls, and have enthalpies of roughly 20kJ/mol H2 and plateau pressures of at most a few MPa. During filling, temperatures must be high enough to ensure fast kinetics, but kept low enough that the thermodynamically set plateau pressure is well below the filling pressure. To accomplish this balance the heat transfer system must handle on the order of 300kW during the 5 minute fill of a 10kg tank. These systems are also challenged on mass and the cost of the media. High value areas for research include: heat transfer inside a 35MPa rated pressure vessel, light and strong tank construction materials with reduced cost, and metals or other materials that do not embrittle in the presence of high pressure hydrogen when operated below ∼400K. The latter two topics would also have a beneficial impact on compressed gas hydrogen storage systems, the current “system to beat”. Complex hydrides frequently have high hydrogen capacity but also an enthalpy of adsorption >30kJ/mol H2, a hydrogen release temperature >370K, and in many cases multiple steps of adsorption/desorption with slow kinetics in at least one of the steps. Most complex hydrides are thermal insulators in the hydrided form. From an engineering perspective, improved methods and designs for cost effective heat transfer to the storage media in a 5 to 10MPa vessel is of significant interest, as are materials that resist embrittlement at pressures below 10MPa and temperatures below 500K. Chemical hydrides produce heat when releasing hydrogen; in some systems this can be managed with air cooling of the reactor, but in other systems that may not be possible. In general, chemical hydrides must be removed from the vehicle and regenerated off-board. They are challenged on durability and recycling energy. Engineering research of interest in these systems centers around maintaining the spent fuel in a state suitable for rapid removal while minimizing system mass, and on developing highly efficient recycling plant designs that make the most of heat from exothermic steps. While the designs of each category of storage tank will differ with the material properties, two common engineering research thrusts stand out, heat transfer and structural materials. In addition, control strategies are important to all advanced storage systems, though they will vary significantly from system to system. Chemical systems need controls primarily to match hydrogen supply to power-plant demand, including shut down. High pressure metal hydride systems will need control during filling to maintain an appropriately low plateau pressure. Complex hydrides will need control for optimal filling and release of hydrogen from materials with multi-step reactions. Even the relatively simple compressed-gas tanks require control strategies during refill. Heat transfer systems will modulate performance and directly impact cost. While issues such as thermal conductivity may not be as great as anticipated, the heat transfer system still impacts gravimetric efficiency, volumetric efficiency and cost. These are three key factors to commercial viability, so any research that improves performance or reduces cost is important. Recent work in the DOE FreedomCAR program indicates that some 14% of the system mass may be attributed to heat transfer in complex hydride systems. If this system is made to withstand 100 bar at 450K the material cost will be a meaningful portion of the total tank cost. Improvements to the basic shell and tube structures that can reduce the total mass of heat transfer equipment while maintaining good global and local temperature control are needed. Reducing the mass and cost of the materials of construction would also benefit all systems. Much has been made of the need to reduce the cost of carbon fiber in compressed tanks and new processes are being investigated. Further progress is likely to benefit any composite tank, not just compressed gas tanks. In a like fashion, all tanks have metal parts. Today those parts are made from expensive alloys, such as A286. If other structural materials could be proven suitable for tank construction there would be a direct cost benefit to all tank systems. Finally there is a need to match the system to the storage material and the power-plant. Recent work has shown there are strong effects of material properties on system performance, not only because of the material, but also because the material properties drive the tank design to be more or less efficient. Filling of a hydride tank provides an excellent example. A five minute or less fill time is desirable. Hydrogen will be supplied as a gas, perhaps at a fixed pressure and temperature. The kinetics of the hydride will dictate how fast hydrogen can be absorbed, and the thermodynamics will determine if hydrogen can be absorbed at all; both properties are temperature dependent. The temperature will depend on how fast heat is generated by absorption and how fast heat can be added or removed by the system. If the design system and material properties are not both well suited to this filling scenario the actual amount of hydrogen stored could be significantly less than the capacity of the system. Controls may play an important role as well, by altering the coolant temperature and flow, and the gas temperature and pressure, a better fill is likely. Similar strategies have already been demonstrated for compressed gas systems. Matching system capabilities to power-plant needs is also important. Supplying the demanded fuel in transients and start up are obvious requirements that both the tank system and material must be design to meet. But there are opportunities too. If the power-plant heat can be used to release hydrogen, then the efficiency of vehicle increases greatly. This efficiency comes not only from preventing hydrogen losses from supplying heat to the media, but also from the power-plant cooling that occurs. To reap this benefit, it will be important to have elegant control strategies that avoid unwanted feedback between the power-plant and the fuel system. Hydrogen fueled vehicles are making tremendous strides, as can be seen by the number and increasing market readiness of vehicles in technology validation programs. Research that improves the effectiveness and reduces the costs of heat transfer systems, tank construction materials, and control systems will play a key role in preparing advanced hydrogen storage systems to be a part of this transportation revolution.
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Wadnerkar, Nitin, Vijayanand Kalamse, and Ajay Chaudhari. "Hydrogen storage in neutral and charged metalized-CnHm (for n=m and n≠m) compounds." In 2010 IEEE 10th Conference on Nanotechnology (IEEE-NANO). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nano.2010.5697819.

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Park, Jong-Man, Hyun-Jong Kim, Yong-Gun Shul, Haksoo Han, Hasuck Kim, Dong Hyun Kim, and Seung-Eul Yoo. "PEMFC Operation With Methanol Reforming Process." In ASME 2005 3rd International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2005-74125.

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Most of studies for on-board hydrogen production for fuel cells are based on two types of carbon compounds. One is oxygen-containing compounds, methanol, ethanol and etc. The others are hydrocarbons such as ethers (dimethylether, etc), natural gas, propane gas, gasoline, jet fuel and diesel fuel. Automotive Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) requires hydrogen gas to operate. The most convenient way to obtain the gas would be to use an on-board fuel processor to convert or reform commonly available liquid fuels, such as gasoline, methanol, and ethanol, into hydrogen. In this study, Methanol is used as hydrogen source which is also convenient for production, transportation and storage. PEMFC with methanol fuel process system, which is mainly composed of two parts, methanol reforming reaction and preferential oxidation (PROX), has been evaluated to study the enhancing stability of the system.
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Gencer, A., and G. Surucu. "DFT study for the mechanical and electronic properties of Mg3BHx (x=l,4,7) compounds for hydrogen storage applications." In TURKISH PHYSICAL SOCIETY 35TH INTERNATIONAL PHYSICS CONGRESS (TPS35). AIP Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5135432.

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Zeng, Lingping, Mohammad Sarmadivaleh, Ali Saeedi, Ahmed Al-Yaseri, Claire Dowling, Glen Buick, and Quan Xie. "Thermodynamic Modelling on Wellbore Cement Integrity During Underground Hydrogen Storage in Depleted Gas Reservoirs." In SPE Asia Pacific Oil & Gas Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/210639-ms.

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Abstract Objectives/Scope Underground hydrogen storage (UHS) has been raising more interest to safely and cost-effectively store hydrogen at large-scale to help the transition from fossil fuel to sustainable energy and to achieve net-zero emission target. During hydrogen subsurface storage particularly in depleted gas reservoirs, the wellbore plays an important role in injection and reproduction to meet seasonal energy demand. However, it is still unclear how wellbore cement would react with stored hydrogen in the presence of formation brine, which may effect long-term cement integrity. We thus performed thermodynamic modelling on cement reactions with hydrogen and water at reservoirs conditions. Methods, Procedures, Process The dissolution of individual components of cement including C3S, C2S, C3A, C4AF and gypsum of Class G/H, and potential precipitation of twenty secondary minerals were simulated at an infinite time scale at reservoir temperature and pressure (representing the worst case scenario of cement degradation from geochemical perspective; in real case, the degree of cement degradation would be much less than the results from thermodynamic modelling as it is a time-dependent process). The extent of cement mineral reactions with hydrogen was compared with that of methane and carbon dioxide to assess the wellbore cement integrity during UHS compared to UGS and CCS. Results, Observations, Conclusions The cement hydration process would lead to the transformation of the major cement compositions C3S and C2S to C1.5SH (CSH) and portlandite. Adding hydrogen would only slightly change the percentage of C1.5SH and portlandite and generate a small fraction of new mineral mackinawite. As a comparison, adding methane would generate a considerable amount of calcite. When CO2 is involved, all CSH compounds would transform to calcite through the cement carbonation process. Overall, the compositional mineral phases of cement after cement hydration is more closed to the case involving H2 compared to CH4 and CO2, implying a relatively low risk of wellbore cement degradation during UHS. Novel/Additive Information Our work underlines the importance of incorporating geochemical modelling in hydrogen geo-storage evaluation when using existing old wells and new drilled wells.
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Kulkarni, Shank S., Kyoo Sil Choi, and Kevin Simmons. "Coupled Diffusion-Deformation-Damage Model for Polymers Used in Hydrogen Infrastructure." In ASME 2022 17th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2022-80231.

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Abstract The soft materials used in the infrastructure of hydrogen storage and distribution systems are vulnerable because exposure to high-pressure hydrogen can lead to mechanical damage and property degradation. Polymers are one of the widely used classes of soft materials within hydrogen infrastructure. Many small cavities exist within the polymer material due to their long molecular chains. When exposed to high-pressure hydrogen gas, the gas diffuses through the polymer material and occupies these cavities. When outside hydrogen pressure reduces suddenly, the hydrogen gas inside the cavities does not get enough time to diffuse out as diffusion is a much slower process. Instead, this trapped gas causes blistering or in extreme cases rapture of polymer material. This phenomenon is also known as rapid decompression failure. In this study, a continuum mechanics-based fully coupled diffusion-deformation model with damage is developed to predict the stress distribution and damage propagation while the polymer undergoes rapid decompression failure. The hyperelastic material model, along with the maximum principal strain failure theory, was chosen for this study as it represents the nonlinear material response with sudden failure observed in uniaxial tensile tests perfectly. EPDM polymer was chosen for this study because of its commercial availability and common use in hydrogen storage and distribution system. It has superior mechanical properties, high and low-temperature resistance, and certain compounds work well in hydrogen gas. Stress concentration was observed on the periphery of the cavity at the point closest to the outside surface which lead to damage initiation at the same location. Also, this work showed that the coefficient of diffusion plays an important role in damage initiation. As the value of the coefficient of diffusion increases, the amount of damage decreases due to the higher coefficient of diffusion ensures a safe passage for trapped hydrogen to escape to the atmosphere. This work is useful for design engineers to alter the parameters while manufacturing polymer composites to increase their performance in a high-pressure hydrogen environment.
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Veličković, Suzana, and Xianglei Kong. "„Superalkali” clusters, production, potential application like energy storage materials." In 8th International Conference on Renewable Electrical Power Sources. SMEITS, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24094/mkoiee.020.8.1.15.

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One of the major developments of the past century was the recognition of clusters as building blocks of new materials. “Superalkali” clusters because of their ionization energies which lower than alkaline atoms, present the excellent reducing agents; hence, they are recognized as good can-didates for the synthesis of unusually compounds. “Superalkalis”, plays an important role in the chemistry and material science because of their potential to serve as structural units for the assem-bly of novel nanostructured functional materials, such as nonlinear optical materials, hydrogen storage materials, as well as an excellent reduction reagent for decreasing emissions of carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and molecular nitrogen. One way to get a cluster is to use unconventional methods. To date, the mass spectrometry has proven itself a crucial method, which has no alterna-tive, in the field of the production “superalkali” clusters. However, in order to obtain these clus-ters, it is necessary to make modifications of the mass spectrometers available on the market. With-in this paper, the possibilities of obtaining “superalkali” clusters by combining two classical meth-ods of mass spectrometry such as, Knudsen cell and the surface ionization within a magnetic mass spectrometer will be presented. The modified classic surface ionization mass spectrometry has con-firmed to be an efficient and inexpensive method for obtaining these clusters.
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Hampel, Balbina, Stefan Bauer, Norbert Heublein, Christoph Hirsch, and Thomas Sattelmayer. "Feasibility Study on Dehydrogenation of LOHC Using Excess Exhaust Heat From a Hydrogen Fueled Micro Gas Turbine." In ASME Turbo Expo 2015: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2015-43168.

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In recent years, renewable energy technologies have received increasing attention. However, the constant availability of renewable energies is not predictable, so that technologies for excess energy storage become increasingly important. One possibility for the technical implementation of such a storage technology is to bind hydrogen, produced using this excess energy, to liquid organic compounds, so-called Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carriers (LOHC), where hydrogen is bound to a H2-lean LOHC molecule in an exothermal hydrogenation reaction. The dehydrogenation process releases the stored hydrogen in an endothermal reaction. This technology offers advantages such as storage and transport safety, along with the high energy density. LOHC systems can assist in the realization of future distributed energy supply networks, as well. Micro gas turbines (MGT) play an important role in distributed energy supply, so that the coupling of a hydrogen fueled MGT with a reactor for the dehydrogenation process is a desirable achievement. In such a combined system, the excess exhaust enthalpy can be used to maintain the endothermal dehydrogenation reaction without affecting the overall efficiency of the gas turbine. This paper investigates the feasibility of a direct coupling between a hydrogen fueled recuperated micro gas turbine and the dehydrogenation process using the excess exhaust heat. For this purpose, a numerical simulation based on energy balances and thermodynamic equilibrium is implemented to model the process. Primary criteria for the evaluation of the process feasibility are the MGTs exhaust gas temperature, the exhaust gas mass flow rate, and the LOHC mass flow rate through the dehydrogenation unit. These three parameters specify the mass flow rate of LOHC, which can be dehydrogenated and thus, the mass flow rate of released hydrogen. Using the implemented numerical model, the suitability of two different LOHCs, N-Ethylcarbazole and an industrial heat transfer oil is investigated at two different pressure levels with respect to thermodynamic feasibility and process efficiency. The results show that the usable excess enthalpy in the exhaust gas of the investigated Turbec T100 MGT is sufficient to release enough hydrogen for re-use as fuel in the micro turbine process for three of the four investigated cases.
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Lahoti, Raj. "Methane and other Volatile HC Gasses in Produced-Water." In SPE Eastern Regional Meeting. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/201799-ms.

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Abstract Getting correct estimates for Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) and greenhouse gases (GHGs) from water storage tanks is not only important for maintaining emission compliance for state and national regulatory authorities, but also crucial in designing the capital-intensive systems for economic use of methane and other Natural Gas Liquid (NGL) gasses. This paper highlights the significance of gas liberated from produced water tanks in the fields. The paper presents a laboratory method to estimate such emissions from produced-water storage tanks by virtue of the in-situ water getting depressurized and releasing VOCs, and other emission gasses such as Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) and Carbon Dioxide (CO2). Further, the paper provides qualitative and quantitative assessment of the gas liberated from produced-water by analyzing the gas liberated from produced-water from gas-condensate reservoir wells from the Marcellus region.
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Domae, Masafumi, Kosho Hojo, and Wataru Sugino. "Corrosion Behavior of Zircaloy-4 in Methanol Solution at 320 °C Under Gamma-Irradiation." In 2013 21st International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone21-15309.

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It has been pointed out that high concentration dissolved hydrogen is one of the important factors of PWSCC (primary water stress corrosion cracking) in the primary systems of pressurized water reactors. Application of a substitution for hydrogen may be a fundamental countermeasure of PWSCC. The authors are developing a new water chemistry technology of a hydrogen alternative to suppress PWSCC. In the present paper, corrosion tests of Zircaloy-4 were performed in deaerated 5 mmol dm−3 methanol solution at 320 °C in the absence and presence of gamma-irradiation. The nominal absorbed dose of the test water was 100 kGy. After the immersion tests, the specimens were analyzed. Weight gain per unit surface area, thickness of oxide film and hydrogen storage were measured. In addition, Raman spectroscopy was carried out, to investigate possible deposition of organic compounds on surface of the specimens. The corrosion behavior of Zircaloy-4 without irradiation agreed with literature data. It was concluded that the presence of methanol did not affect the corrosion behavior of Zircaloy-4. The corrosion behavior of Zircaloy-4 hardly depended on 100 kGy gamma-irradiation. On the Raman spectra of the specimens after the immersion tests, the Raman peaks ascribed to polyethylene or graphite were not found. The deposit of decomposition products of methanol would be negligible if any. It seems that polymerization is not the major process in thermal decomposition and radiolysis of methanol, but methanol decomposes into CO2 or carboxylic acids.
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Reports on the topic "Hydrogen storage compounds"

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Mosher, Daniel A., Susanne M. Opalka, Xia Tang, Bruce L. Laube, Ronald J. Brown, Thomas H. Vanderspurt, Sarah Arsenault, et al. Complex Hydride Compounds with Enhanced Hydrogen Storage Capacity. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/923778.

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Sarkisian, Paul, Kaveh Khalili, Lance Kirol, James Langeliers, and Uwe Rockenfeller. Ammonia Storage as Complex Compounds for a Safe and Compact Hydrogen Storage. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada429096.

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GRAETZ, J., J. REILLY, G. SANDROCK, J. JOHNSON, W. M. ZHOU, and J. WEGRZYN. ALUMINUM HYDRIDE, A1H3, AS A HYDROGEN STORAGE COMPOUND. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/899889.

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Daniel A. Mosher, Xia Tang, Ronald J. Brown, Sarah Arsenault, Salvatore Saitta, Bruce L. Laube, Robert H. Dold, and Donald L. Anton. High Density Hydrogen Storage System Demonstration Using NaAlH4 Based Complex Compound Hydrides. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/912521.

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