Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Hydrogels à base de peptides'
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Ma, Manlung. "Exploration of peptide-based hydrogels /." View abstract or full-text, 2008. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?CHEM%202008%20MA.
Tena, Solsona Marta. "Hydrogels based on short amphipathic peptides: self-assembly studies and apllications." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Jaume I, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/669007.
Loth, Capucine. "Exploring hydrogels based on the self-assembly of a Fmoc-based tripeptide : physicochemical characterization and antibacterial properties." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024STRAE002.
Hydrogels are 3D networks of fibers that retain large amounts of water when swollen. Due to their biocompatibility, they are increasingly used for drug delivery. To develop antibacterial peptide-based hydrogels, this dissertation presents two studies based on the use of a fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl (Fmoc)-protected phosphorylated tripeptide that can self-assemble into a hydrogel. In the first study, different preparation conditions (pH, salt, presence of polysaccharide) were investigated to obtain a self-healing and antibacterial hydrogel capable of releasing an antibiotic, florfenicol. In the second study, a solid-phase peptide and phosphoramidite synthesis strategies were combined to add florfenicol to the Fmoc-protected tyrosine phosphate via a phosphodiester, which can be cleaved by nucleases produced by bacteria. Encouraging results showed the formation of the targeted compound, paving the way for the design of a self-defensive antibacterial peptide
Butterick, Lisa Ann. "Design of self-assembling beta-hairpin peptide-based hydrogels for tissue engineering applications." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 248 p, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1597619011&sid=4&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Chen, Junpeng. "Enzymatic formation of supramolecular hydrogels based on self-assembly of DNA derivatives." Waltham, Mass. : Brandeis University, 2009. http://dcoll.brandeis.edu/handle/10192/23323.
Ozbas, Bulent. "Hydrogels constructed via self-assembly of beta-hairpin molecules." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file 3.04 Mb., 225 p, 2006. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3221086.
Wan, Simon. "Self-assembling peptide hydrogel for intervertebral disc tissue engineering." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2015. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/selfassembling-peptide-hydrogel-for-intervertebral-disc-tissue-engineering(1f931e1e-6b9b-49a7-bd30-2572ff0338fa).html.
Hule, Rohan A. "Structure-property relationships in self-assembling peptide hydrogels, homopolypeptides and polysaccharides." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 209 p, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1679684291&sid=5&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Welsh, Daniel J. "Dendritic and self-assembling linear RGD peptides : from integrin binding to responsive hydrogels." Thesis, University of York, 2011. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/2350/.
Reilly, Meghan J. "Enhancing the mechanical properties of a peptide-based hydrogel via covalent crosslinking." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 56 p, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1605146941&sid=4&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Principal faculty advisors: Joel P. Schneider, Dept. of Chemistry & Biochemistry; and Eric M. Furst, Dept. of Chemical Engineering. Includes bibliographical references.
Belal, Khaled. "Hydrogels stimulables à base de complexes de cyclobis paraquat paraphénylène." Thesis, Lille 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL10108/document.
Multistimuli-responsive polymer materials play an important role in various fields of applications, (drug delivery system, tissue engineering, and self-healing materials. In the last past decades, supramolecular chemistry has emerged as a powerful tool to build such smart materials. Indeed, thanks to the inherent and/or induced dynamic behavior of supramolecular interactions, materials properties can be potentially tuned or even programmed. The main objective of this thesis, that have been carried out in the framework of the STRAPA ANR project, was to exploit host-guest interactions formed from the cyclobis paraquat paraphenylene (CBPQT4+) host molecule and electron-rich entities (tetrathiafulvalene, naphthalene) to conceive multi-stimuli responsive hydrogels. Two kind of smart hydrogels have been developed : physical hydrogels in which the sol-gel transition can be controlled upon heating or by adding competitive molecules, and chemical hydrogels with programmable swelling properties. In the last case, we have notably shown that the actuating behavior of hydrogels could be finely triggered by applying various environmental stimuli (T, red/ox, competitive macromolecules and surfactants)
Bodolec-Thurier, Marie-Laure. "Nouvelles organisations supramoléculaires à base de cyclopeptides." Paris 11, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA112292.
The purpose of my thesis was to realize new hybrid compounds based on carbon nanotubes (or fullerenes) and peptide nanotubes. The chosen approach consisted first in graftiong on carbon nanotubes, or at first on fullerene, via linkers, « Ghadiri type » cyclopeptides leading to the peptide nanotubes. On the one hand, the grafting was planned to be done via the introduction of linkers on carbon nanotubes or C60. On the other hand, cyclopeptides are obtained by SPPS using an even number of alternated d and l amino acids auto-assembling in antiparallel β sheets affording nanotubes after cleavage. Although, we were successful of the first part of this approach, unsolubility of the cyclopeptides in common organic solvents did not allow us to get the target compound. Introduction of C60 during the solid phase synthesis was not more satisfactory. In a second part, I focused on the characterization of two cyclopeptides, by TEM, ATR-FTIR, optical microscopy and light scattering. During there studies, I also evidenced self-assembly. The self-organization can be drive by the counter-ion on (one or two) Glu. In fact, whereas the free acid yields to nanotubes, salification strongly affects the self-assembly loading after crystallization to fractal aggregates. The shapes of these aggregates are also dependent of the counter-ions used. In addition, I also briefly evaluate the potential of some of these cyclopeptides to encapsulate Xe for MRI
Bélime, Agathe. "Hydrogels injectables à base d'acide hyaluronique comme nouveaux biomatériaux pour la reconstruction osseuse : synthèse et caractérisations." Thesis, Grenoble, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013GRENV057/document.
Nicoll, Sarah Louise. "Covalently-linked self-assembling peptide-amphiphile hydrogels for cell scaffolding applications." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2012. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=186975.
Bejenariu, Anca Gabriela. "Hydrogels à base de xanthane : effet de la conformation des chaînes macromoléculaires." Rouen, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ROUES064.
Chemical hydrogels based on xanthan have been synthesized with different conditions that are favorable to the two possible xanthan conformation : ordered (double helix) disordered (statistic coil). A great part has been devoted the determination of parameters which controlled the conformation transition in xanthan concentrated solutions. Theses parameters have been optimized in view to synthetize xanthan hydrogels in acidic medium by adipic acid dihydrazid (ADH) and in alkaline medium by trisodium trimetaphosphate (STMP). The systems are characterized by elemental analysis, kinetic swelling degree and behavior in different environnmental conditions. Some model molecules have been tested in order to assess the entrapping and releasing properties in environments that are mimicking human fluids
Gasmi, Sarah Nawel. "Action d'une hydrolase dans des hydrogels à base d'alginate et d'alginate fonctionnalisé." Rouen, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ROUES049.
The aim of this project has been to study the hydrolytic activity of the enzyme, pullulanase, toward its substrate pullulan into functionalized or non-functionalized hydrogels based on calcium alginate. Alginate has been chemically modified with a polyether amine, Jeffamine®, with LCST "Low Critical Solubility Temperature" property. The immobilized enzyme amounted to 30% within calcium alginate beads hydrolyses pullulan slowly owing to its penetration into beads and releases maltotriose and its multiples compared to free enzyme which a large distribution of pullulan fragments is observed during the treatment. The close relationship between enzyme and its substrate into these hydrolgels is only marginally affected by pH. The enzyme is even active at pH 4 contrary to the free enzyme indicating an enzyme protection within these hydrogels. In the case of functionalized alginate, the enzyme immobilisation amount is about 100% because of the preferential interactions between pullulanase and Jeffamines-grafted. The immobilized enzyme does not show a different enzyme activity
Agut, Willy Lecommandoux Sébastien Taton Daniel. "Conception de nano-objets adaptatifs à base de polypeptides." S. l. : Bordeaux 1, 2008. http://ori-oai.u-bordeaux1.fr/pdf/2008/AGUT_WILLY_2008.pdf.
Miller, Angela. "Peptide based hydrogels in the study of mesenchymal stem cells for the purposes of regenerative medicine." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2015. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/6880/.
Blin, Thomas. "Elaboration de revêtements macromoléculaires antibiofilms à base de peptides antibactériens." Rouen, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ROUES023.
From a medical and economical point of view, biofilms have important negative impacts. Various approaches based on the immobilization of bactericidal substances have been developed to prevent biofilm formation on materials surfaces. However, they are not fully satisfying due to limited efficiency, toxicity, or emergence of multiresisting bacteria. Compared to these synthetic approaches, some living organisms have developed highly efficient strategies tested over eons to eliminate the microbial adhesion. For instance, amphibians excrete an epidermal mucus containing antibacterial peptides. Considering this last example, we synthesized various coatings based on hydrophilic and flexible macromolecules grafted by antibacterial peptides. First of all, copolymer brushes based on oligo(ethylene glycol) methacrylates were polymerized by ATRP from planar substrates and afterwards grafted by temporin‐1Va or magainin‐1 derivatives. This strategy was subsequently successfully adapted on microparticles and on thermoresponsive polymer rushes leading to thin films showing a modulation of their bactericidal properties with emperature. Moreover, polysaccharide layers were immobilized on gold surfaces, then rafted by magainin‐1. The microstructure of these layers was tuned to optimize the accessibility of the grafted peptide. The resulting coatings showed a high activity against various bacterial strains. This work paves the way to the development of new coatings fighting biofilms, notably for (bio)medical devices
Hadrich, Ahdi. "Nouveaux hydrogels à base de polysaccharide obtenus par voie biomimétique ou par photoréticulation." Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMR017/document.
In the framework of an eco-responsible context and to take advantage of biocompatibility, notably in cosmetic and biomedical applications, we have developed new hydrogels based on neutral and anionic polysaccharides using two original routes. The first approach is biomimetic and consists of mimicking a natural development of hydrogels that is found in certain plants for which an enzyme, laccase, allows to create crosslinks by dimerization of phenolic compounds, in occurrence of ferulic acid (FA) present on arabinoxylans mucilage of cereal seeds for example. Thus, our work consisted in grafting ferulic acid via two different chemical ways that means imidazole and carbodiimide respectively for neutral or anionic polysaccharides. We functionalized three polysaccharides: pullulan or PUL (neutral model), carboxymethylpullulane or CMP (model anionic) and hyaluronic acid or HA (anionic of interest) with grafting rates of between 2 and 25%. The physicochemical study in diluted and semi-diluted regimes evidenced an associative behavior due to the amphiphilic character of the functionalized polysaccharides. The crosslinking in the presence of laccase, followed in situ thanks to rheology, has been successfully performed on the various envisaged systems with possible controls of kinetics, the final mechanical properties or the swelling of the hydrogels as a function of the neutral or charged nature of the polysaccharides, the degree of substitution in FA, the polymer concentration or the enzymatic activity. The synthesized derivatives have generally demonstrated interesting biological activities (antioxidant and cytocompatibility). The second approach is based on the possible photocrosslinking of polysaccharides (PUL, CMP and HA) functionalized by the grafting of mono or polyunsaturated fatty amine/acid (oleylamine, oleic acid and linoleic acid) via imidazole chemistry. If pullulan grafted with 2% of linoleic acid was found to be water-insoluble due to its neutral character, all other derivatives (i.e. anionic ones) with grafting rates of 3 and 10% showed good solubility in water. The physicochemical studies show a very strong associative character of these amphiphilic derivatives with the formation of physical gels in semi-diluted regime. Photocrosslinking has been demonstrated in situ thanks to rheology/UV irradiation in the presence of a Darocur 1173® photoinitiator. The preliminary results according to this photocrosslinking approach thus open interesting perspectives
Giraud, Tristan. "Hydrogels supramoléculaires mono- et multi-composés formés d'hybrides peptides/acides nucléiques : synthèse, caractérisation et analyse multi-échelle." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LORR0226.
At the tenuous frontier between the solid and the liquid states, soft matter is focusing intense research interest. In particular, gels draw scientists’ attention due to their ability to fix a large amount of solvent either organic (organogels) or aqueous (hydrogels). The latter are predominantly made of polymers and find dozens of applications from industry to daily life. However, over the last twenty years, a new kind of hydrogels has appeared: the peptide-based hydrogels. Indeed, depending on their amino acid sequences, peptides can self-assemble to form supramolecular assemblies which give rise to higher-level structures, namely fibrils, fibres and eventually complex tridimensional networks. Thanks to their inherent advantages in terms of biocompatibility and biodegradability, peptides are highly relevant to develop hydrogel materials for numerous applications, mainly in the biomedical domain. However, the rational design of such hydrogels remains difficult because of a lack of understanding of the relationships between the primary structure of peptides and the resulting properties. This limitation prevents researchers to develop new hydrogels with finely controlled physicochemical and mechanical properties.In this context, we report herein on the development of new series of bio-inspired peptide-based structures forming hydrogels and their multiscale analyses from the supramolecular scale to the mechanical characterisations. Thus, we first discuss the rational design, synthesis and characterisation of hybrid DNA-nucleobase-incorporating peptide derivatives, also termed nucleopeptides, comprised of an heptapeptide functionalized with one of the four DNA nucleobases (i.e., adenine, thymine, guanine or cytosine). Interestingly, the incorporation of a nucleobase induces significant modulations of their physical and structural gel properties, self-assembling kinetics and mechanical properties (e.g., with drastic enhancements of the elastic moduli or resistances to stress, and remarkable thermal reversibilities), depending on the nature of the nucleobase. To further understand the origins of such differences, all the mono-component hydrogels have been subsequently studied at the mesoscopic and then at lower scales, highlighting the impact of nucleic acids on the supramolecular organization.Then, to develop new hydrogel materials with more tuneable properties, we have focused our attention on the development of multicomponent nucleopeptide-based hydrogels. The multicomponent approach consists of the association of several constituents, which can interact in different ways, to obtain new hydrogels for which, in some instances, the resulting properties are greater than the sum of their parts. Thus, taking advantage of the presence of nucleobases and their inherent ability to self-assemble, we discuss the use of nucleopeptides to formulate multicomponent hydrogels and the impact of such mixtures on the structural, physicochemical and mechanical properties compared to the monocomponent approach. We show that mixing peptides and/or nucleopeptides bearing complementary nucleobases allows a control of the mechanical properties of the hydrogels. A multiscale analysis based on a large panel of techniques has provided new knowledge on the interaction behaviour of nucleopeptides and their subsequent consequences on the supramolecular assemblies, on the nanoobjects formed and on the physicochemical and mechanical properties of the resulting hydrogels.Thus, through a multiscale analysis approach of original series of nucleopeptide-based hydrogels, this work provides a better understanding of the relationships between structures and properties, highlighting the high potential of nucleopeptides to develop mono or multicomponent supramolecular hydrogels with optimized and well-controlled properties, thanks to a rational design
Blanchard, Kévin. "Développement de nouveaux systèmes de délivrance de vaccins à base de polysaccharides." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE1184.
Vaccination, especially in animal species, remains already an efficient tool in the prevention of infectious diseases. The carrier and immunostimulant properties of adjuvant allow increasing the action of antigen which, alone, is not enough capable to induce a long and strong immune response in host. The unique properties of chitosan, a biocompatible and biodegradable natural polymer, offer a choice material to elaborate new generations of adjuvant such as nanoparticles or hydrogels.This PhD works was focus on the development of chitosan-based adjuvant for animal species. The preparation of chitosan-based viscous solutions, with a polymer concentration from 0.2 to 0.75 % (w/v) mixed with different kind of antigens such as live attenuated bacteria, live attenuated or inactivated virus and a recombinant protein allowed obtaining an immune response in the studied animals. Moreover, the observation of animals during the protocol or in post-mortem inspections indicated a satisfying safety and resorbability. In vitro experiments were also conducted developing a syringeable and injectable in situ gelling chitosan-based hydrogel containing a model protein, destined to standard injection system. The slow release of antigen in the host should interact with the immune system longer increasing the final protection against diseases
Salick, Daphne Ann. "Cytocompatibility, antibacterial activity and biodegradability of self-assembling beta-hairpin peptide-based hydrogels for tissue regenerative applications." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 209 p, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1674096141&sid=4&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Marcasuzaa, Pierre. "Composites conducteurs à base de PANI : vers une architecture contrôlée de 2D à 3D." Pau, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PAUU3047.
Intrinsically conducting polymers (ICPs) are a recent category of materials which currently make strong great strides. However, their main inconvenience is their insolubility in the usual solvents. That’s why lots of studies associate them with polymer matrices to make composites. During this study, conductive blocks copolymers with controlled architecture were obtained. These copolymers consist of a "matrix" block and a second conductive block. The first part, polystyrene or polyacrylate, is synthesized by controlled radical polymerization (ATRP) to control the molecular weight (between 5 000 and 15 000 g / mol) and the polydispersity (Ip). The conductive part is an oligomer of aniline. Then, both blocks are coupled to obtain a diblock copolymer. This synthesis is realized by conventional heating (bath of oil) and under microwave irradiation. Other architecture of copolymer is realized, it consists on the graft of polyaniline onto a natural polymer, the chitosane which brings coating properties, and the possibility of realizing hydrogels by crosslinking of grafting copolymer. So a network in which the PANI is distributed in a homogeneously is obtained
Biscay-Aussel, Audrey. "Validation pré-clinique d'un produit d'ingénierie vasculaire à base d'hydrogel de chitosane." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0819/document.
Aims. Vascular grafts made of synthetic polymers perform poorly in small-diameter applications. Consequently, there is strong clinical to produce small caliber vessels with better patency. The emergence of vascular engineering opens new possibilities. Chitosan, a natural polymer, can provide a scaffold for vascular engineering. The goal of this thesis was to produce chitosan-based hydrogels and to assess their biological and mechanical properties and their biointegration. Methods and Results. Hydrogels were mechanically characterized in vitro. By increasing chitosan concentration, suture retention value, average burst strength and elastic moduli increased significantly. A series of experiments ranging from in vitro biocompatibility tests to in vivo studies was performed. In vitro, chitosan supported human endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) proliferation and was hemocompatible. In vivo, no resorption of chitosan was observed in a rat heterotopic implantation model. In addition biointegration of chitosan hydrogels were investigated. In vitro, chitosan endothelialized with EPCs behave as a native endothelium. In vivo, chitosan hydrogels were able of modulating the inflammatory response of injured host tissue by favouring polarization of macrophages towards the beneficial M2 phenotype in a rat ectopic implantation model. Finally, as a proof of concept, 2 chitosan tubes were implanted successfully as carotid interposition grafts for 3 days in sheep. Conclusion. By modulating chitosan concentration, we produced scaffolds with suitable properties to be implanted in vivo
Lakshmana, Shruthi. "BMP2 induced osteogenic differentiation of human umbilical cord stem cells in a peptide-based hydrogel scaffold." Thesis, NSUWorks, 2014. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/hpd_cdm_stuetd/59.
Mhiri, Sirine. "Elaboration et caractérisation d’hydrogels à base de monomères biosourcés par la réaction de Diels-Alder." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSES024/document.
The research conducted for the preparation of this thesis aims to develop new thermoreversible and biodegradable polyglycolic-acid (PGA) based networks and polylactic-acid (PLA) based hydrogels, from polymers chemically modified by means of furanic, and maleimide cycle. The cross-linking of PGA to develop thermoreversible and biodegradable networks via the Diels-Alder reaction has been done by following two strategies and was the first part of this work. The aim was, among other things, to enhance the PGA by leading to reticulated structures with required mechanical properties while improving its stability properties. Hybrid networks of PLA / PEG and PLA / PHEMA were then synthesized in the melt by adopting the Diels-Alder reaction as a crosslinking mechanism. Once obtained, their contact with water leads to the formation of hydrogels. NMR structural analyzes confirmed the formation of expected structures. The thermoreversibility of the obtained networks has been shown by rheological analyzes. The morphology of the gels before and after swelling was analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy. The degradability of prepared networks was examined in two modes: hydrolytic and aerobic by microorganisms
Legros, Mélanie. "Hydrogels physiques et chimiques à propriétés amphiphiles à base de polysaccharides aux échelles nano et microscopiques." Rouen, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ROUES049.
The aim of this work is the synthesis and the characterization of amphiphilic hydrogels based on carboxymethylpullulan and on a hydrophobic cross-linking agent : the dibromohexan. The kinetics of gelification is fast and every incorporated dibromohexan molecule gives a cross-link. These hydrogels possess two fractions : a gel fraction and a sol fraction whose proportions vary with the synthesis parameters. These systems present a metastable character and are very sensitive to time and temperature to give objects with a size from some nanometers to some micrometers. Their structure is complex and is constituted from chemical crosslinks (irreversible) and hydrophobic associations (reversible). The preliminary study of the entrapment of hydrophobic dyes shows an interesting potential
Mayap, Talom Renée. "Copolymères à base d'ADN : synthèse, auto-assemblage, applications." Toulouse 3, 2011. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1557/.
In this workk, we built a library of copolymers based on DNA. For that purpose, we used various strategies of synthesis to link polymers (hydrophobic, diblocs) with oligonucleotides. Different techniques (DLS, TEM, SANS, Cryo-TEM. . . ) allowed us to study and characterize the self-assembled structures in aqueous solution of these biohybrids. We worked out the potential applications of these biohybrids. We have shown that tribloc nanoparticles can encapsulate hydrophobic molecules. Using oligonucleotide recognition, it was possible to adsorb DNA copolymers nanoparticles on a surface and decorate these of golden nanoparticles. These results pave the way to new applications of nanohybrids
Ratsimandresy, Rojo. "Immuno-modulation active à base de peptides de cytokines dans les maladies chroniques inflammatoires." Paris, CNAM, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CNAM0680.
Le développement des anticorps monoclonaux anti-cytokine a constitué une révolution dans le traitement des maladies inflammatoires chroniques. Malgré leur succès commercial et médical évident, ces thérapies dites d’immuno-modulation passive anti-cytokine posent quelques problèmes. Une idée originale développée par quelques équipes dans le monde, dont la nôtre, est d'utiliser l’immunisation active contre des immunogènes dérivés des cytokines, afin que les anticorps anti-cytokine soient produits par l'organisme du patient lui-même. Plusieurs types d’immunogènes peuvent être utilisés. Le projet développé dans notre équipe se base sur des peptides dérivés de cytokine, sélectionnés grâce à l’outil bioinformatique et couplés à une protéine porteuse. Durant ma thèse, j'ai confirmé et étendu les résultats obtenus précédemment par mon équipe en montrant qu’une boucle spécifique du TNFα ciblée par immunisation active pouvait conférer une protection clinique dans les modèles murins de maladies inflammatoires. J’ai également démontré pour la première fois que l’immunisation active avec un peptide dérivé de la sous-unité p19 de l’IL-23 est protectrice dans le modèle murin d’arthrite au collagène. Suite à ces résultats, un brevet a été déposé pour l’application de peptides de l’IL-23p19 dans les maladies inflammatoires chroniques et un article décrivant ces résultats innovants est en préparation. J'ai aussi développé des peptides d’autres cytokines (VEGF, l’IFN mais à un stade moins avancé que les deux précédents. Ces résultats montrent que la stratégie d'immunisation active anti-cytokine peut constituer une alternative efficace à l’immunisation passive en usage aujourd’hui
Figueiredo, Tamiris Vilas Boas. "Hydrogels injectables et auto-réparants à base de polysaccharides réticulés par des liaisons ester boronate : relations entre le mode de complexation acide boronique-saccharide et les propriétés mécaniques." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAV048.
Injectable and self-healing hydrogels have recently drawn great attention in the fields of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Such gels can be pre-formed into syringes, be extruded under shear stress and show rapid recovery when the applied stress is removed due to the dynamic nature of their crosslinks. Given the exciting potential benefit of using boronic acid-containing polymers to construct dynamic covalent hydrogels, we explored this attractive strategy to design injectable boronate-crosslinked hydrogels based on hyaluronic acid (HA) for aesthetic and other biomedical applications. To design hydrogels with optimized properties, we investigated the effect of the nature of the boronic acid moiety as well as the sugar molecule grafted onto the HA backbone on the gel properties. Among arylboronic acid derivatives, benzoboroxole (BOR) was selected in addition to phenylboronic acid (PBA) as the binding site for sugar moieties grafted on HA. This choice was based on the efficient binding capability of BOR at neutral pH compared to PBA, and on its ability to complex glycopyranosides. With this study, we demonstrated that the dynamic rheological properties of the HA networks based on BOR- or PBA-saccharide complexation are closely linked to the molecular exchange dynamics and thermodynamics of the small molecule crosslinkers. Besides, we also established for the first time the feasibility of self-crosslinking HA hydrogels with extremely slow dynamics at physiological pH through multivalent interactions between BOR derivatives grafted on HA and diols from the polysaccharide chains. Finally, in addition to BOR, we demonstrated the unprecedented capacity of its six-membered ring homologue, benzoxaborin, and a new original benzoxaborin-like derivative as new carbohydrate binding sites for the formation of reversible HA networks. Taking into account the injectable, self-healing and stimuli-responsive properties showed by these new HA hydrogels, these biomaterials appear as promising injectable scaffolds for many innovative applications in the biomedical field, including in tissue engineering and cell therapy
Nouvet, André. "Synthèse en solution, en phases liquide et solide de peptidomimétiques contraints à base de perhydro-(1,4)-diazepin-2-ones." Montpellier 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON20111.
Hadidi, Rim. "Dichroïsme circulaire de photoélectrons (PECD) en couche de valence : systèmes à base d’acides aminés et dérivés de binaphtyles." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASS135.
We studied in great details, the VUV photodynamics and PECD (an intense chiroptical effect) of the gas phase amino acid Proline (Pro), the only naturally occurring amino acid containing a pyrrolidine ring. Several temperatures were used to vary the conformer population of the nascent Pro in order to perform a comprehensive conformer analysis of the PECD with the help of CMS-Xα PECD calculations allowing to refine the conformational landscape. The sign of the chiral asymmetry, similar to the one of alanine, strengthen the astrophysical scenario in link to the origin of homochirality, without any temperature constraints. We studied also, the PECD of two aromatic amino-acids (tryptophan & tyrosine), which are important chromophores of proteins. We extended the scope of our PECD studies to larger amino-acids-based systems, such as dipeptides (c-Pro-Pro, Gly-Pro and Pro-Gly), up to much more complex systems like homochiral nanoparticles (Pro, Trp and Tyr), to test, phenomenologically, the limits of sensitivity of PECD with respect to molecular complexity. Finally, we present for the first time the study of a family of 3 molecules with axial chirality (binaphthyls derivatives), of which we studied in particular the influence of the dihedral angle on the PECD
Ribeiro, Cédric. "Assemblages (macro) moléculaires à base de complexe intra et/ou intermoléculaire de CBPQT4+, X-." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Centrale Lille Institut, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023CLIL0018.
The combination of polymer science and supramolecular chemistry has led to thedevelopment of supramolecular polymer materials with unusual structural, mechanical,and functional properties. These materials have already been exploited in manyapplications, including self-repairing materials, tissue engineering, and the controlledrelease of active ingredients. Supramolecular chemistry has proved to be a powerful toolfor modulating the properties of materials by controlling the dynamic nature ofsupramolecular interactions using appropriate stimuli. The work carried out within theframework of this thesis falls within this context, and its main objective was to developnew (macro)molecular assemblies based on intra- and inter-molecular CBPQT4+complexes. To this end, a new CBPQT4+-Fu derivative was developed, integrating a furanunit covalently connected to the CBPQT4+ host moiety. This derivative presents itself inaqueous media a self-included conformation in which the furan unit within the cavityexhibits extremely low reactivity (Diels-Alder) towards dienophiles. However, this can bereleased by adding a guest molecule (naphthalene) with a strong affinity for themacrocycle. This synergy, demonstrated at the molecular scale, enabling the Diels-Alderreaction to be triggered by forming an intramolecular complex, was then exploited to design various physical and chemically cross-linked hydrogels
Mutschler, Angela. "Nouveaux concepts de revêtements antimicrobiens à base de peptides naturels et polypeptides appliqués aux dispositifs médicaux." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAE025/document.
Nowadays, about half of hospital-acquired infections are due to medical devices implantation. In this context, we have developed two types of antimicrobial coatings adapted to the biomedical field. The first one is based on peptide composed of an anchoring sequence, an antimicrobial sequence and a pathogen-specific cleavage site and grafted on the substrate. The antimicrobial site will be released only in the presence of the pathogen through the use of the cleavage site. Despite of the success of peptide grafting, some parameters must be optimized in order to obtain an antimicrobial effect. The second antimicrobial coating concept is based on the layer-by-layer technique by using poly(L-arginine) (PAR) and hyaluronic acid (HA). The effect of the size of PAR chains on the antimicrobial character of the coating was investigated and it is proven that only films composed with PAR of 30 residues present an antibacterial effect. Moreover HA is the only polyanion leading to such antimicrobial multilayer. It is also demonstrated that this antimicrobial properties is maintained when other cationic homopolypeptides are used in association with HA in layer-by-layer films
FRANCESCHINI, Christian. "Progettazione, sintesi ed attività di inibitori del Proteasoma a base peptidica." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Ferrara, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11392/2389430.
Palomino, Durand Carla. "Hydrogels injectables et éponges à base de complexe polyélectrolytes (chitosane/polymère de cyclodextrine) pour une application en ingénierie tissulaire osseuse." Thesis, Lille 2, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL2S006/document.
Repair of bone defects by bone tissue engineering (BTE) methods is considered as an alternative to conventional grafts. The aim of this PhD project was to develop two types of BTE scaffolds for bone regeneration: one is in the form of injectable hydrogel, and the other is in the form of sponge. Both scaffolds based on the formation of polyelectrolyte complexes by mixing chitosan (CHT, cationic) and polymer of cyclodextrin (PCD, anionic). Besides developing the sponge scaffold, the vascularization of 3D scaffold (a challenge of BTE) was specially investigated in the first part of the work, for which vascular endothelial growth factor (VEFG) was loaded on the CHT/PCDs sponge to promote the vascularization. The second part of the thesis was dedicated to the elaboration of an injectable CHT/PCD hydrogel, which was intended for minimally invasive surgery. The formulation optimization of hydrogel was performed by tuning the composition ratios of two PCD components: soluble-form PCD (PCDs) and insoluble-form PCD (PCDi), in order to better reach the specific requirement (e.g. rheological properties) of injectable hydrogel for regenerative medicine. Finally, a prospective study on developing the composite hydrogel/sponge by adding a mineral phase - hydroxyapatite (HAp) in the formulation was realized to improve the mechanical and osteoconductive properties.CHT/PCDs sponges were obtained by freeze-drying the hydrogels CHT/PCDs 3:3. The thermal treatment (TT) at different temperatures was further applied on the sponge to improve the mechanical stability. The CHT/PCDs sponge treated at 160°C was opted for further study thanks to high swelling capacity (~ 600%) and moderate lysozyme-induced biodegradation rate in vitro (~ 12% mass loss 21 days). This sponge of choice was further evaluated for the microstructure, the mechanical property (compressive strength) and the cytocompatibility with pre-osteoblasts (MC3T3-E1) and endothelial cells (HUVEC). Results of X-ray microtomography showed a high porosity (~87%) in the sponge with interconnected pores. Good cell adhesion and in-growth (colonization) in the sponge were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). After loading VEGF on the sponge, the release profile of VEGF and the bioactivity of released VEGF were thoroughly studied. It showed that the release of VEGF was rapid (burst) during the first two days, then slowed down up to non-detectable by ELISA method after 7 days. The released VEGF during the first two days showed a significant pro-proliferation and pro-migration effect on HUVECs.For the injectable CHT/PCDi/PCDs hydrogels, optimization of composition ratio was based on evaluating their rheological properties, injectability, and cytotoxicity. The beneficial effect of combining both PCDi and PCDs in the formula of the hydrogel was clearly observed on the properties of hydrogel. Namely, the CHT/PCD hydrogel, composed of equal quantity of PCDi and PCDs, demonstrated the best compromise between structural stability, shearthinning and self-healing properties, and injectability. An excellent cytocompatibility with preosteoblast cells (MC3T3-E1) was also confirmed for the hydrogel with this composition.Based on the optimized formulation, HAp was incorporated at different concentrations, which didn’t disturb the formation or the structural stability of the hydrogels, but improved the viscoelastic properties. The composite sponges, elaborated by lyophilization of these hydrogels, showed that the HAp particles homogeneously dispersed within the macroporous structure of the sponge. These encouraging results showed the feasibility of providing an injectable hydrogel or a composite sponge for BTE scaffold [...]
CARDOSO, TALITA R. "Aplicabilidade de curativos a base de hidrogel com nanopartículas de prata em lesão por pressão." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2017. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/27972.
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Cuidar de feridas é um processo dinâmico e complexo que requer atenção especial principalmente quando se refere a uma lesão crônica. A lesão por pressão (LPP) é uma ferida crônica localizada na pele ou no tecido subjacente, geralmente sobre uma proeminência óssea, resultante de pressão isolada ou pressão combinada com fricção ou cisalhamento. O objetivo foi avaliar a aplicabilidade das membranas de hidrogel com nanopartículas de prata no tratamento de lesões por pressão (LPPs) em usuários do SUS, por meio de protocolo clínico. O projeto da pesquisa foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da UFT/TO sob nº 161/2013, e foram seguidos todos os preceitos éticos conforme Resolução 466/12 do CNS do Ministério da Saúde. Trata-se de um estudo de intervenção terapêutica, do tipo ensaio clínico não controlado, sobre a avaliação do uso da membrana de hidrogel com nanopartículas de prata (NPAg) produzida pelo Instituto de Pesquisa em Energia Nuclear (IPEN). A população do estudo foi composta por 19 pacientes, que por critérios de inclusão e exclusão foi constituída por uma amostra de 6 (seis) pacientes de ambos os gêneros, internados no Hospital de Referência de Porto Nacional, no período de janeiro de 2014 a dezembro de 2015, acometidos por lesões por pressão categoria 3, 4 e não classificável. O estudo apresentou como limitações o restrito número de pacientes por amostra, por se tratar de pesquisa clínica experimental, com um grupo investigado altamente selecionado pelos critérios de exclusão e inclusão. Os hidogéis com NPAg, produzidos pelo IPEN, mostraram-se eficazes no tratamento das LPPs, pois proporcionaram a ferida condições para a epitelização. Houve diminuição do odor, dos tecidos desvitalizados e da dor, itens estes que quando presentes retardam a cicatrização. Porém são necessários novos estudos, envolvendo estes curativos com um número maior de pacientes.
Dissertação (Mestrado em Tecnologia Nuclear)
IPEN/D
Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP
Jiang, Zhongliang. "Epigenetic Instability Induced by DNA Base Lesion via DNA Base Excision Repair." FIU Digital Commons, 2017. https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3566.
Ghesquière, Jonathan. "Ingénierie biomoléculaire de systèmes photo-activables à base de complexes de RuII." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209811.
de nombreux domaines. Dans, le présent travail, nous avons combiné l’utilisation conjointe de ces
complexes et de biomolécules en vue de leur utilisation dans différents domaines liés à la biologie.
Les trois premiers chapitres sont consacrés à l’étude de la photoréaction entre les complexes
[Ru(TAP)3]2+ et [Ru(TAP)2(phen)]2+ en présence des acides aminés tryptophane et tyrosine. Ces
études ont permis d’améliorer la compréhension des processus photo-induits entre le complexe
de RuII et le tryptophane, menant notamment à la mise en évidence d’une réaction de fuite au
transfert d’électron en retour entre les deux espèce radicalaires photo-produites. Cette réaction a
pu être identifiée comme étant le processus de dimérisation de deux unités tryptophanes. Cette
dimérisation ainsi que la formation de double photo-adduit impliquant deux tryptophanes et un
complexe de RuII ont été mises en évidence et étudiées en utilisant un support oligonucléotidique
double brin sur lequel sont attachées les espèces réactives.
Le quatrième chapitre concerne l’étude d’un conjugué formé entre le complexe de RuII ,
[Ru(TAP)2(phen)]2+, et le peptide de transfection TAT. La photoréactivité de cette entité a
été examinée et confirmée en présence de l’acide aminé tryptophane et de la base guanine. Pour
cette dernière, une étude plus poussée a été réalisée afin de caratériser au mieux l’interaction
existant entre le conjugué Ru-TAT et un oligonucléotide comportant une guanine. Cette étude
rassemble des observations expérimentales et une approche théorique par modélisation moléculaire.
Le cinquième chapitre consiste en l’étude du comportement photophysique du complexe
[Ru(TAP)2(pytz)]2+ sous illumination en présence de la base guanine. Cette étude vise à déterminer
si ce complexe possède les qualités d’agent photo-oxydant satisfaisantes pour envisager
son ancrage sur diverses biomolécules. L’étude a permis de montrer que l’utilisation du ligand pytz
comme point d’ancrage du complexe de RuII est partiellement compromise à cause de l’instabilité
du complexe sous illumination.
Le sixième et dernier chapitre résume les efforts effectués dans le cadre de la synthèse d’un
complexe de RuII ,le [RuII(phen”-ODN)3] devant mener à la formation de réseaux tridimensionnels
mixtes ADN-complexes. Bien qu’une caractérisation complète de ce produit n’ait pu être réalisée,
certaines mesures indiquent que ce complexe pourrait avoir été obtenu.
Doctorat en Sciences
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Tarus, Dominte. "Hydrogels multi-fonctionnels à base d'acide hyaluronique pour le contrôle de l'adhésion, la prolifération et la différentiation de cellules souches neuronales." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAV042/document.
AbstractDamage caused to the central nervous system (CNS) is a major medical concern. As the CNS has limited ability to regenerate its damaged cells, patients can suffer from serious and long-term disabilities and impairments, which put strains on public healthcare systems. Therapies that aim to implant neural stem cells together scaffolds that mimic the extracellular matrix of the brain are being developed. Hyaluronic acid is an important component of the brain ECM. This glycosaminoglycan possesses the required biocompatibility and bioactivity for use in neural stem cells applications.We have developed HA-based hydrogels with controlled mechanical properties and cell adhesion peptide (GRGDS) densities for the in vitro study of neural precursor cells’ differentiation into neurons. The analysis of neurite outgrowth in 3-D by two-photon microscopy showed an increased outgrowth and density of neurites in the softest hydrogels (G’ = 400 Pa), combined with the existence of an optimum in neurite outgrowth as a function of ligand density in the case of hydrogels containing GRGDS. Neurite outgrowth in these hydrogels most likely involves a combination of adhesive interactions between cell-HA, cell-GRGDS moieties, and cell-secreted extracellular molecules.The enzymatic degradability of HA hydrogels was then investigated. The HA hydrogels degrade under the effect of the Hyaluronidase enzyme following a mono-exponential model, corresponding to a homogenous population of cleavable HA polymer chains. Hydrogels with higher elastic moduli have progressively lower enzymatic degradation rates. The substitution of the PEG-bis(thiol) crosslinker by an enzymatically cleavable HA-(SH)3 polymer led to a reduction in the time required for the complete degradation of the hydrogels.Finally we developed heparosan hydrogels that are devoid of biological functions and thus provide better insight into the role of HA in NSCs differentiation and neurite outgrowth. We showed that CD44 plays a measurable role in the adhesion process of MEF cells. There are alternative processes through which cells can attach to the heparosan hydrogels however the strength of these adhesions is weaker. Heparosan is a viable biomaterial for hydrogel synthesis that does not interact with the CD44 receptor, resulting in lower cellular adhesions
Chapon, Pascal. "Recherche de stéréospécificité dans l'activité catalytiqye de polybases globulaires à base de polyamines tertiaires partiellement quaternisées." Montpellier 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON20013.
Savian, Ana Luiza. "DESENVOLVIMENTO DE NANOCÁPSULAS CONTENDO DITRANOL E SUA INCORPORAÇÃO EM FORMULAÇÃO SEMISSÓLIDA DE BASE AQUOSA." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2012. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/5979.
Dithranol is very effective drug for the topical treatment of psoriasis. However, it has some adverse effects, such as irritation and stain in the skin that difficult its application and patient adherence to treatment. Its instability to light, high pH values, metals and the presence of oxygen, configure as a limiting step for use. So, the inclusion of drug in nanocarriers was the main objective of this work. Lipid core nanocapsules and nanoemulsions containing 0.5 mg/mL of dithranol and 0.05% of EDTA or 0.02% of ascorbic acid were prepared by interfacial deposition of preformed polymer and spontaneous emulsification methods, respectively, and evaluated in relation to its physicochemical characteristics (drug content, encapsulation efficiency, pH, mean size, polydispersity index and zeta potential). The nanocapsules, after preparation, showed satisfactory characteristics: drug content near to the theoretical concentration, encapsulation efficiency about 100%, nanometric mean size (220- 250 nm), polydispersity index below 0.25, negative zeta potential, and pH values from 5.6 to 4.4. Instead, low drug content was verified for the nanoemulsions (approximately 80%) after preparation. In photodegradation study against UVA light it was observed a higher stability of the dithranol-loaded nanocapsules comparing to solution containing the free drug (t1/2 = 4 and 1 h for nanocapsule and free drug solution containing EDTA, respectively; t1/2 = 17 and 7,5 h for nanocapsule and free drug solution containing ascorbic acid, respectively). Irritation test by HET-CAM method was conducted to evaluate the safety of the formulations. From the results it was found that nanoencapsulation of the drug decreased its toxicity compared to the effects observed for free drug. Subsequently, hydrogels containing nanocapsules were prepared employing Carbopol® 940 and Aristoflex® AVC as gel-forming polymers. The semisolid formulations showed suitable properties for topical application and higher stability when compared to nanocapsules suspensions and the hydrogel containing the free drug. Furthermore, a higher stability of dithranol was verified for hydrogels prepared with Aristoflex® AVC.
O ditranol é um fármaco muito eficaz no tratamento tópico da psoríase. Entretanto, apresenta alguns efeitos adversos, como irritação e manchas na pele que dificultam sua utilização e adesão dos pacientes ao tratamento. Sua instabilidade frente à luz, altos valores de pH, metais e a presença de oxigênio, configuram, também, um passo limitante para o seu uso. Desta forma, a inclusão do fármaco em nanocarreadores constituiu o principal objetivo deste trabalho. Nanocápsulas de núcleo lipídico e nanoemulsões contendo 0,5 mg/mL de ditranol e 0,05% de EDTA ou 0,02% de ácido ascórbico foram preparadas pelos métodos de deposição interfacial do polímero pré-formado e emulsificação espontânea, respectivamente, e avaliadas em relação as suas características físico-químicas (teor de fármaco, eficiência de encapsulamento, pH, diâmetro médio de partícula, polidispersão e potencial zeta). As nanocápsulas, após preparação, apresentaram características satisfatórias: teor de fármaco próximo ao teórico, eficiência de encapsulamento de, aproximadamente, 100%, diâmetro de partícula na faixa nanométrica (220-250 nm), índice de polidispersão abaixo de 0,25, potencial zeta negativo e valores de pH de 5,6 a 4,4. Ao contrário, um baixo teor de fármaco foi verificado para as nanoemulsões (aproximadamente, 80%) após preparação. No estudo de fotodegradação frente à luz UVA se observou uma maior estabilidade do fármaco nas nanocápsulas em comparação à solução do fármaco livre (t1/2 = 4 e 1 hora para a nanocápsula e solução do fármaco livre contendo EDTA, respectivamente; t1/2 = 17 e 7,5 horas para a nanocápsula e solução do fármaco livre contendo ácido ascórbico, respectivamente). O ensaio de irritação pelo método de HET-CAM foi realizado para a avaliação da segurança das formulações. A partir dos resultados verificou-se que a encapsulação do fármaco diminuiu sua toxicidade em relação aos efeitos observados para o fármaco livre. Posteriormente, hidrogéis contendo as nanocápsulas foram preparados empregando-se Carbopol® 940 e Aristoflex® AVC como polímeros formadores de gel. As formulações semissólidas desenvolvidas apresentaram propriedades adequadas para a aplicação tópica e maior estabilidade quando comparadas às suspensões de nanocápsulas e ao hidrogel contendo o fármaco livre. Além disso, uma maior estabilidade do ditranol foi verificada para os hidrogéis preparados com Aristoflex® AVC.
Ferraz, Caroline Cristina. "Desenvolvimento de uma membrana nanoestruturada à base de poliacrilamida para veiculação de proteínas." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/85/85134/tde-19112013-145148/.
The use of hydrogels for biomedical purposes has been extensively investigated. Polyacrylamide (PAAM) is widely used due to properties such as hydrophilicity and swelling degree. Pharmaceutical proteins correspond to highly active substances which may be applied for distinct purposes. This work concerns the development of radio-synthesized hydrogel for protein release using papain and bovine serum albumin (BSA) as model proteins. The polymer was solubilized (1% w/v) in water and lyophilized. The proteins were incorporated into the lyophilized polymer and the hydrogels were produced by simultaneous crosslinking and sterilization using gamma radiation at 25 kGy under frozen conditions. The produced systems were characterized in terms of swelling degree, gel fraction, crosslinking density, fluid handling capacity, determination pH at point of polymer zero charge and evaluated according to protein release, bioactivity, cytotoxicity and cell adhesion. The hydrogels developed presented different properties as a function of polymer concentration and the optimized results were found for the samples containing 4-10% polyacrylamide. Protein release was controlled by the electrostatic affinity of acrylic moieties of polymer and proteins. This selection was based on the release of the proteins during the experiment period (up to 50 hours), maintenance of enzyme activity and the nanostructure developed. The system was suitable for protein loading and release and according to the cytotoxic assay and cell adhesion it was also adequate for biomedical purposes and this method was able to generate a matrix to protein release.
Kadi, Shirin. "SYSTEMES ASSOCIATIFS A BASE D'ACIDE HYALURONIQUE MODIFIE : SYNTHESE ET ETUDE DES RELATIONS STRUCTURE/PROPRIETES RHEOLOGIQUES." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00734126.
Patel, Dhaval Pradipkumar. "Novel PEG-elastin copolymer for tissue engineered vascular grafts." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/45811.
Ndeboko, Bénédicte. "Développement de nouvelles stratégies antisens à base de PNAs (Peptide Nucleic Acide) pour le traitement des hépatites B chroniques." Lyon 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LYO10246.
Giving the partial efficacy of nucleoside analogues, novel approaches against chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection need to be developed. Thus, Peptide Nucleic Acid (PNAs), a novel generation of antisense agents, appears of particular value for HBV therapy. We have evaluated the capacity of the PNA to inhibit viral replication in vitro and in vivo in DHBV-infected duck model. Because the major problem of their therapeutic application is their poor intracellular penetration, we have used the PNA coupled to cell penetrating peptide (CPP). First, we have optimized the administration route and show that intravenous route led to a better liver delivery of PNA that intraperitoneal route. We provided here the first evidence that CPP-PNA conjugate and CPPs themselves inhibit viral replication suggesting their usefulness for HBV therapy. Our results also demonstrate that the choice of CPPs used as a vehicle for delivery plays an important role in the specificity and inhibition of viral replication
Puchelle, Valentin. "Peptide-polymer conjugates : divergent synthesis from the initiating peptides." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020SORUS472.
Peptides as drugs are facing drawbacks such as short in-vivo half life and low resistance to enzymes, which limits a larger scale use. To overcome these shortcomings, conjugation of polymers to peptides leads to improvements of pharmacokinetic properties of the peptide. Peptide-polymers conjugates are synthesized either by convergent or divergent synthesis. While the first strategy faces low yields, the second one is limited to vinyl-based polymers. We aim to functionalize peptides on amide bonds by divergent synthesis of polyether from the peptide. Anionic Ring-Opening Polymerization (AROP) of epoxides has already proven to be feasible, from amide-based initiators. The approach is polyvalent and gives access to PEG-like polymers without activation of peptides prior synthesis. In this project, NH amide functions from small peptides were deprotonated by phosphazene base to generate an AROP initiator. First, cyclic dipeptides, were used to demonstrate the possible functionalization on NH functions. Polymerization conditions were identified for a controlled AROP, to afford polymers end-capped by a DKP. Initiator’s complexity was increased to protected linear dipeptide. Similar initiating system was used as previously, and conjugates could actually be synthesized. Initiating capacities of tri-peptides and protected tri-peptides were also investigated but were found to be inefficient
Desallais, Lucille. "Immunisation active à base de peptides, dérivés de l’IL-6 et de l’IL-1β, dans les maladies inflammatoires chroniques." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013CNAM0867.
Monoclonal antibodies have been a revolution for the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases, but their use shows major drawbacks (non-response, resistance, side effects and prohibitive costs).Our team develops an original alternative strategy: anti-cytokine peptide-based active immunization.The aim of the approach is to make the patient’s own organism produce antibodies capable of neutralizing the pathogenic effects of cytokine overproduction.During my PhD, I have demonstrated that active immunization against an IL-6 murine peptide confers clinical protection in a murine model of systemic sclerosis. Monkeys immunized against the human peptide also showed a significant decrease of local inflammatory reactions following a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction. Moreover, active immunization against an IL-1β and an IL-23 murinepeptide led to a reduction of the severity of the EAE in mice.These results comfort the interest of anti-cytokine peptide-based active immunization, which should eventually widen the choice of therapeutics available for the patients
Sejwal, Preeti. "I. Water-driven chemoselective reactions of squarate derivatives with amino acids and peptides Mechanism and applications. II. Biocompatible hydrogels: Transferring bioinert chemistry from surfaces to 3-dimensional materials /." Related electronic resource: Current Research at SU : database of SU dissertations, recent titles available full text, 2008. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/syr/main.