Journal articles: 'HYDROGEL NANOFIBERS'

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Martin, Alma, Jenny Natalie Nyman, Rikke Reinholdt, Jun Cai, Anna-Lena Schaedel, Mariena J. A. van der Plas, Martin Malmsten, Thomas Rades, and Andrea Heinz. "In Situ Transformation of Electrospun Nanofibers into Nanofiber-Reinforced Hydrogels." Nanomaterials 12, no. 14 (July 16, 2022): 2437. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12142437.

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Nanofiber-reinforced hydrogels have recently gained attention in biomedical engineering. Such three-dimensional scaffolds show the mechanical strength and toughness of fibers while benefiting from the cooling and absorbing properties of hydrogels as well as a large pore size, potentially aiding cell migration. While many of such systems are prepared by complicated processes where fibers are produced separately to later be embedded in a hydrogel, we here provide proof of concept for a one-step solution. In more detail, we produced core-shell nanofibers from the natural proteins zein and gelatin by coaxial electrospinning. Upon hydration, the nanofibers were capable of directly transforming into a nanofiber-reinforced hydrogel, where the nanofibrous structure was retained by the zein core, while the gelatin-based shell turned into a hydrogel matrix. Our nanofiber-hydrogel composite showed swelling to ~800% of its original volume and water uptake of up to ~2500% in weight. The physical integrity of the nanofiber-reinforced hydrogel was found to be significantly improved in comparison to a hydrogel system without nanofibers. Additionally, tetracycline hydrochloride was incorporated into the fibers as an antimicrobial agent, and antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli was confirmed.

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Guancha-Chalapud, Marcelo A., Liliana Serna-Cock, and Diego F. Tirado. "Aloe vera Rind Valorization to Improve the Swelling Capacity of Commercial Acrylic Hydrogels." Fibers 10, no. 9 (August 30, 2022): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fib10090073.

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Acrylic hydrogels have been used in agriculture to increase the availability of water in the soil; cause faster plant growth and increase plant survival to water stress; allow controlled release of fertilizers; and, therefore, increase crop yields. On the other hand, Aloe vera gel production generates a large amount of solid waste as cuticles, which is currently underutilized despite that it is a good source of cellulose nanofibers that could be used to improve the swelling capacity of commercial acrylic hydrogels. In this work, both morphology (SEM) and particle size (TEM) of the cellulose nanofibers obtained from A. vera cuticles by the acid hydrolysis method combined with ultrasound were analyzed; as well as the presence of functional groups (FITR) and thermal stability (TGA). Then, acrylic hydrogels were synthesized by the solution polymerization method, and nanofibers were added to these hydrogels at different concentrations (0% w w−1, 3% w w−1, 5% w w−1, and 10% w w−1). These concentrations had a nonlinear relationship with the swelling capacity, and the hydrogel reinforced at 3% cellulose nanofiber was chosen as the best formulation in this work, as this one improved the swelling capacity of hydrogels at equilibrium (476 g H2O g hydrogel−1) compared to the hydrogel without nanofiber (310 g H2O g hydrogel−1), while hydrogels with 10% nanofiber had a similar swelling capacity to the non-reinforced hydrogel (295 H2O g hydrogel−1). Therefore, cellulose-based superabsorbent hydrogels with potential application in agriculture were developed in this work.

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Bayer, Ilker S. "A Review of Sustained Drug Release Studies from Nanofiber Hydrogels." Biomedicines 9, no. 11 (November 4, 2021): 1612. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9111612.

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Polymer nanofibers have exceptionally high surface area. This is advantageous compared to bulk polymeric structures, as nanofibrils increase the area over which materials can be transported into and out of a system, via diffusion and active transport. On the other hand, since hydrogels possess a degree of flexibility very similar to natural tissue, due to their significant water content, hydrogels made from natural or biodegradable macromolecular systems can even be injectable into the human body. Due to unique interactions with water, hydrogel transport properties can be easily modified and tailored. As a result, combining nanofibers with hydrogels would truly advance biomedical applications of hydrogels, particularly in the area of sustained drug delivery. In fact, certain nanofiber networks can be transformed into hydrogels directly without the need for a hydrogel enclosure. This review discusses recent advances in the fabrication and application of biomedical nanofiber hydrogels with a strong emphasis on drug release. Most of the drug release studies and recent advances have so far focused on self-gelling nanofiber systems made from peptides or other natural proteins loaded with cancer drugs. Secondly, polysaccharide nanofiber hydrogels are being investigated, and thirdly, electrospun biodegradable polymer networks embedded in polysaccharide-based hydrogels are becoming increasingly popular. This review shows that a major outcome from these works is that nanofiber hydrogels can maintain drug release rates exceeding a few days, even extending into months, which is an extremely difficult task to achieve without the nanofiber texture. This review also demonstrates that some publications still lack careful rheological studies on nanofiber hydrogels; however, rheological properties of hydrogels can influence cell function, mechano-transduction, and cellular interactions such as growth, migration, adhesion, proliferation, differentiation, and morphology. Nanofiber hydrogel rheology becomes even more critical for 3D or 4D printable systems that should maintain sustained drug delivery rates.

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Guancha-Chalapud, Marcelo A., Liliana Serna-Cock, and Diego F. Tirado. "Hydrogels Are Reinforced with Colombian Fique Nanofibers to Improve Techno-Functional Properties for Agricultural Purposes." Agriculture 12, no. 1 (January 14, 2022): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12010117.

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Colombia is the world’s largest producer of fique fibers (Furcraea bedinghausii), with a net production of 30,000 tons per year. This work proposes to revalue waste from the Colombian fique agroindustry. For this purpose, cellulose nanofibers were obtained from fique and used as reinforcement material to create acrylic superabsorbent hydrogels. Unreinforced acrylic hydrogels (AHR0) and acrylic hydrogels reinforced with fique nanofibers at 3% w/w (AHR3), 5% w/w (AHR5), and 10 % w/w (AHR10) were synthesized using the solution polymerization method. The best hydrogel formulation for agricultural purposes was chosen by comparing their swelling behavior, mechanical properties, and using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). By raising the nanofiber concentration to 3% (AHR3), the best-chosen formulation, the interaction between the nanofibers and the polymer matrix increased, which favored the network stability. However, beyond AHR3, there was a higher viscosity of the reactive system, which caused a reduction in the mobility of the polymer chains, thus disfavoring the swelling capacity. The reinforced hydrogel proposed in this study (AHR3) could represent a contribution to overcoming the problems of land dryness present in Colombia, an issue that will worsen in the coming years due to the climate emergency.

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Chi, Hsiu Yu, Nai Yun Chang, Chuan Li, Vincent Chan, Jang Hsin Hsieh, Ya-Hui Tsai, and Tingchao Lin. "Fabrication of Gelatin Nanofibers by Electrospinning—Mixture of Gelatin and Polyvinyl Alcohol." Polymers 14, no. 13 (June 27, 2022): 2610. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14132610.

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Gelatin, one of the most abundant, naturally derived biomacromolecules from collagen, is widely applicable in food additives, cosmetic ingredients, drug formulation, and wound dressing based on their non-toxicity and biodegradability. In parallel, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), a synthetic polymer, has been commonly applied as a thickening agent for coating processes in aqueous systems and a major component in healthcare products for cartilage replacements, eye lubrication, and contact lenses. In this study, a new type of mixed hydrogel nanofiber was fabricated from gelatin and polyvinyl alcohol by electrospinning under a feasible range of polymer compositions. To determine the optimal composition of gelatin and polyvinyl alcohol in nanofiber fabrication, several key physicochemical properties of mixed polymer solutions such as viscosity, surface tension, pH, and electrical conductance were thoroughly characterized by a viscometer, surface tensiometer, water analyzer, and carbon electron probe. Moreover, the molecular structures of polymeric chains within mixed hydrogel nanofibers were investigated with Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The morphologies and surface elemental compositions of the mixed hydrogel nanofibers were examined by the scanning electron microscope and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, respectively. The measurement of water contact angles was performed for measuring the hydrophilicity of nanofiber surfaces. Most importantly, the potential cytotoxicity of the electrospun nanofibers was evaluated by the in vitro culture of 3T3 fibroblasts. Through our extensive study, it was found that a PVA-rich solution (a volumetric ratio of gelatin/polyvinyl alcohol <1) would be superior for the efficient production of mixed hydrogel nanofibers by electrospinning techniques. This result is due to the appropriate balance between the higher viscosity (~420–~4300 10−2 poise) and slightly lower surface tension (~35.12–~32.68 mN/m2) of the mixed polymer solution. The regression on the viscosity data also found a good fit by the Lederer–Rougier’s model for a binary mixture. For the hydrophilicity of nanofibers, the numerical analysis estimates that the value of interfacial energy for the water contact on nanofibers is around ~−0.028 to ~−0.059 J/m2.

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Doench, Ingo, Tuan Tran, Laurent David, Alexandra Montembault, Eric Viguier, Christian Gorzelanny, Guillaume Sudre, et al. "Cellulose Nanofiber-Reinforced Chitosan Hydrogel Composites for Intervertebral Disc Tissue Repair." Biomimetics 4, no. 1 (February 20, 2019): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics4010019.

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The development of non-cellularized composites of chitosan (CHI) hydrogels, filled with cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) of the type nanofibrillated cellulose, was proposed for the repair and regeneration of the intervertebral disc (IVD) annulus fibrosus (AF) tissue. With the achievement of CNF-filled CHI hydrogels, biomaterial-based implants were designed to restore damaged/degenerated discs. The structural, mechanical and biological properties of the developed hydrogel composites were investigated. The neutralization of weakly acidic aqueous CNF/CHI viscous suspensions in NaOH yielded composites of physical hydrogels in which the cellulose nanofibers reinforced the CHI matrix, as investigated by means of microtensile testing under controlled humidity. We assessed the suitability of the achieved biomaterials for intervertebral disc tissue engineering in ex vivo experiments using spine pig models. Cellulose nanofiber-filled chitosan hydrogels can be used as implants in AF tissue defects to restore IVD biomechanics and constitute contention patches against disc nucleus protrusion while serving as support for IVD regeneration.

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Hu, Enyi, Yihui Liang, Kangcha Chen, Xian Li, and Jianhui Zhou. "Nanofibrous Wound Healing Nanocomposite Based on Alginate Scaffold: In Vitro and In Vivo Study." Journal of Biomedical Nanotechnology 18, no. 10 (October 1, 2022): 2439–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jbn.2022.3441.

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The combination of nanofibers with 3D scaffolds has shown promising results as the wound healing/dressing/care biomaterials. The present study aimed to fabricate and optimized alginate hydrogel composited by Lignin-derived carbon nanofibers (CNFs). The nanofibers were obtained from electrospun Lignin nanofibers as the precursor through two steps heat treatments. The synthesized nanofibers blended with an alginate polymer solution with different concentrations (1, 5, and 10 wt.%) and cross-linked using CaCl2 through the physical cross-linking. The findings illustrated that the prepared Lignin and CNFs have acceptable diameter. The composited Alginate hydrogels possessed a porous internal-structure with interconnected architecture. The fabricated hydrogel exhibited proper porosity and swelling behavior beneficial for wound healing application. The In Vitro experiments revealed that the hydrogel were red blood cell (RBC)-compatible, cytocompatible, and induced proliferative effects on cells. The animal experiments indicated that the application of the hydrogel promoted the process of wound healing. These observations implied that the prepared hydrogel nanocomposites exhibited promising properties and can be considered as wound healing nanobiomaterials.

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Bocková, Markéta, Aleksei Pashchenko, Simona Stuchlíková, Hana Kalábová, Radek Divín, Petr Novotný, Andrea Kestlerová, et al. "Low Concentrated Fractionalized Nanofibers as Suitable Fillers for Optimization of Structural–Functional Parameters of Dead Space Gel Implants after Rectal Extirpation." Gels 8, no. 3 (March 4, 2022): 158. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels8030158.

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Dead space after rectal resection in colorectal surgery is an area with a high risk of complications. In this study, our goal was to develop a novel 3D implant based on composite hydrogels enriched with fractionalized nanofibers. We employed, as a novel approach in abdominal surgery, the application of agarose gels functionalized with fractionalized nanofibers on pieces dozens of microns large with a well-preserved nano-substructure. This retained excellent cell accommodation and proliferation, while nanofiber structures in separated islets allowed cells a free migration throughout the gel. We found these low-concentrated fractionalized nanofibers to be a good tool for structural and biomechanical optimization of the 3D hydrogel implants. In addition, this nano-structuralized system can serve as a convenient drug delivery system for a controlled release of encapsulated bioactive substances from the nanofiber core. Thus, we present novel 3D nanofiber-based gels for controlled release, with a possibility to modify both their biomechanical properties and drug release intended for 3D lesions healing after a rectal extirpation, hysterectomy, or pelvic exenteration.

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Gunes, Oylum Colpankan, Aylin Ziylan Albayrak, Seyma Tasdemir, and Aylin Sendemir. "Wet-electrospun PHBV nanofiber reinforced carboxymethyl chitosan-silk hydrogel composite scaffolds for articular cartilage repair." Journal of Biomaterials Applications 35, no. 4-5 (June 29, 2020): 515–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0885328220930714.

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The objective of the study was to produce three-dimensional and porous nanofiber reinforced hydrogel scaffolds that can mimic the hydrated composite structure of the cartilage extracellular matrix. In this regard, wet-electrospun poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) nanofiber reinforced carboxymethyl chitosan-silk fibroin (PNFs/CMCht-SF) hydrogel composite scaffolds that were chemically cross-linked by poly(ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether (PEGDE) were produced. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study in cartilage regeneration where a three dimensional porous spongy composite scaffold was obtained by the dispersion of wet-electrospun nanofibers within a polymer matrix. All of the produced hydrogel composite scaffolds had an interconnected microporous structure with well-integrated PHBV nanofibers on the pore walls. The scaffold comprising an equal amount of PEGDE and polymer (PNFs/CMCht-SF1:PEGDE1) demonstrated comparable water content (91.4 ± 0.7%), tan δ (0.183 at 1 Hz) and compressive strength (457 ± 85 kPa) values to that of articular cartilage. Besides, based on the histological analysis, this hydrogel composite scaffold supported the chondrogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Consequently, this hydrogel composite scaffold presented a great promise for cartilage tissue regeneration.

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Wang, Bo-Xiang, Jia Li, De-Hong Cheng, Yan-Hua Lu, and Li Liu. "Fabrication of Antheraea pernyi Silk Fibroin-Based Thermoresponsive Hydrogel Nanofibers for Colon Cancer Cell Culture." Polymers 14, no. 1 (December 29, 2021): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14010108.

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Antheraea pernyi silk fibroin (ASF)-based nanofibers have wide potential for biomaterial applications due to superior biocompatibility. It is not clear whether the ASF-based nanofibers scaffold can be used as an in vitro cancer cell culture platform. In the current study, we fabricated novel ASF-based thermoresponsive hydrogel nanofibers by aqueous electrospinning for colon cancer (LoVo) cells culture. ASF was reacted with allyl glycidyl ether (AGE) for the preparation of allyl silk fibroin (ASF-AGE), which provided the possibility of copolymerization with allyl monomer. The investigation of ASF-AGE structure by 1H NMR revealed that reactive allyl groups were successfully linked with ASF. ASF-based thermoresponsive hydrogel nanofibers (p (ASF-AGE-NIPAAm)) were successfully manufactured by aqueous electrospinning with the polymerization of ASF and N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm). The p (ASF-AGE-NIPAAm) spinning solution showed good spinnability with the increase of polymerization time, and uniform nanofibers were formed at the polymerization time of 360 min. The obtained hydrogel nanofibers exhibited good thermoresponsive that the LCST was similar with PNIPAAm at about 32 °C, and good degradability in protease XIV PBS solution. In addition, the cytocompatibility of colon cancer (LoVo) cells cultured in hydrogel nanofibers was assessed. It was demonstrated that LoVo cells grown on hydrogel nanofibers showed improved cell adhesion, proliferation, and viability than those on hydrogel. The results suggest that the p (ASF-AGE-NIPAAm) hydrogel nanofibers have potential application in LoVo cells culture in vitro. This study demonstrates the feasibility of fabricating ASF-based nanofibers to culture LoVo cancer cells that can potentially be used as an in vitro cancer cell culture platform.

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Zhang, Xiaoli, Youzhi Wang, Yongquan Hua, Jinyou Duan, Minsheng Chen, Ling Wang, and Zhimou Yang. "Kinetic control over supramolecular hydrogelation and anticancer properties of taxol." Chemical Communications 54, no. 7 (2018): 755–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7cc08041g.

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Mohd Kanafi, Nafeesa, Norizah Abdul Rahman, Nurul Husna Rosdi, Hasliza Bahruji, and Hasmerya Maarof. "Hydrogel Nanofibers from Carboxymethyl Sago Pulp and Its Controlled Release Studies as a Methylene Blue Drug Carrier." Fibers 7, no. 6 (June 15, 2019): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fib7060056.

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The potential use of carboxymethyl sago pulp (CMSP) extracted from sago waste for producing hydrogel nanofibers was investigated as a methylene blue drug carrier. Sago pulp was chemically modified via carboxymethylation reaction to form carboxymethyl sago pulp (CMSP) and subsequently used to produce nanofibers using the electrospinning method with the addition of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO). The CMSP nanofibers were further treated with citric acid to form cross-linked hydrogel. Studies on the percentage of swelling following the variation of citric acid concentrations and curing temperature showed that 89.20 ± 0.42% of methylene blue (MB) was loaded onto CMSP hydrogel nanofibers with the percentage of swelling 4366 ± 975%. Meanwhile, methylene blue controlled release studies revealed that the diffusion of methylene blue was influenced by the pH of buffer solution with 19.44% of MB released at pH 7.34 within 48 h indicating the potential of CMSP hydrogel nanofibers to be used as a drug carrier for MB.

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Narayanan, Kannan Badri, Rakesh Bhaskar, Kuncham Sudhakar, Dong Hyun Nam, and Sung Soo Han. "Polydopamine-Functionalized Bacterial Cellulose as Hydrogel Scaffolds for Skin Tissue Engineering." Gels 9, no. 8 (August 14, 2023): 656. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels9080656.

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Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a natural polysaccharide polymer hydrogel produced sustainably by the strain Gluconacetobacter hansenii under static conditions. Due to their biocompatibility, easy functionalization, and necessary physicochemical and mechanical properties, BC nanocomposites are attracting interest in therapeutic applications. In this study, we functionalized BC hydrogel with polydopamine (PDA) without toxic crosslinkers and used it in skin tissue engineering. The BC nanofibers in the hydrogel had a thickness of 77.8 ± 20.3 nm, and they could be used to produce hydrophilic, adhesive, and cytocompatible composite biomaterials for skin tissue engineering applications using PDA. Characterization techniques, namely Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and Raman spectroscopy, were performed to investigate the formation of polydopamine on the BC nanofibers. The XRD peaks for BC occur at 2θ = 14.65°, 16.69°, and 22.39°, which correspond to the planes of (100), (010), and (110) of cellulose type Iα. Raman spectroscopy confirmed the formation of PDA, as indicated by the presence of bands corresponding to the vibration of aromatic rings and aliphatic C–C and C–O stretching at 1336 and 1567 cm−1, respectively. FTIR confirmed the presence of peaks corresponding to PDA and BC in the BC/PDA hydrogel scaffolds at 3673, 3348, 2900, and 1052 cm−1, indicating the successful interaction of PDA with BC nanofibers, which was further corroborated by the SEM images. The tensile strength, swelling ratio, degradation, and surface wettability characteristics of the composite BC biomaterials were also investigated. The BC/PDA hydrogels with PDA-functionalized BC nanofibers demonstrated excellent tensile strength and water-wetting ability while maintaining the stability of the BC fibers. The enhanced cytocompatibility of the BC/PDA hydrogels was studied using the PrestoBlue assay. Culturing murine NIH/3T3 fibroblasts on BC/PDA hydrogels showed higher metabolic activity and enhanced proliferation. Additionally, it improved cell viability when using BC/PDA hydrogels. Thus, these BC/PDA composite biomaterials can be used as biocompatible natural alternatives to synthetic substitutes for skin tissue engineering and wound-dressing applications.

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Kamdem Tamo, Arnaud, Ingo Doench, Lukas Walter, Alexandra Montembault, Guillaume Sudre, Laurent David, Aliuska Morales-Helguera, et al. "Development of Bioinspired Functional Chitosan/Cellulose Nanofiber 3D Hydrogel Constructs by 3D Printing for Application in the Engineering of Mechanically Demanding Tissues." Polymers 13, no. 10 (May 20, 2021): 1663. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13101663.

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Soft tissues are commonly fiber-reinforced hydrogel composite structures, distinguishable from hard tissues by their low mineral and high water content. In this work, we proposed the development of 3D printed hydrogel constructs of the biopolymers chitosan (CHI) and cellulose nanofibers (CNFs), both without any chemical modification, which processing did not incorporate any chemical crosslinking. The unique mechanical properties of native cellulose nanofibers offer new strategies for the design of environmentally friendly high mechanical performance composites. In the here proposed 3D printed bioinspired CNF-filled CHI hydrogel biomaterials, the chitosan serves as a biocompatible matrix promoting cell growth with balanced hydrophilic properties, while the CNFs provide mechanical reinforcement to the CHI-based hydrogel. By means of extrusion-based printing (EBB), the design and development of 3D functional hydrogel scaffolds was achieved by using low concentrations of chitosan (2.0–3.0% (w/v)) and cellulose nanofibers (0.2–0.4% (w/v)). CHI/CNF printed hydrogels with good mechanical performance (Young’s modulus 3.0 MPa, stress at break 1.5 MPa, and strain at break 75%), anisotropic microstructure and suitable biological response, were achieved. The CHI/CNF composition and processing parameters were optimized in terms of 3D printability, resolution, and quality of the constructs (microstructure and mechanical properties), resulting in good cell viability. This work allows expanding the library of the so far used biopolymer compositions for 3D printing of mechanically performant hydrogel constructs, purely based in the natural polymers chitosan and cellulose, offering new perspectives in the engineering of mechanically demanding hydrogel tissues like intervertebral disc (IVD), cartilage, meniscus, among others.

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Liu, Shanfei, Guilin Wu, Wen Wang, Heng Wang, Yingjun Gao, and Xuhong Yang. "In Situ Electrospinning of “Dry-Wet” Conversion Nanofiber Dressings for Wound Healing." Marine Drugs 21, no. 4 (April 14, 2023): 241. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md21040241.

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Rapid wound dressings provide an excellent solution strategy for the treatment of wounds in emergency situations. In this study, aqueous solvent-based PVA/SF/SA/GelMA nanofiber dressings fabricated by a handheld electrospinning device could deposit quickly and directly on the wound, perfectly fitting wounds with various sizes. Using an aqueous solvent overcame the disadvantage of using the current organic solvents as the medium for rapid wound dressings. The porous dressings had excellent air permeability to ensure smooth gas exchange at the wound site. The distribution range of the tensile strength of the dressings was 9–12 Kpa, and the tensile strain was between 60–80%, providing sufficient mechanical support during wound healing. The dressings could absorb 4–8 times their own weight in solution and could rapidly absorb wound exudates from wet wounds. The nanofibers formed ionic crosslinked hydrogel after absorbing exudates, maintaining the moist condition. It formed a hydrogel–nanofiber composite structure with un-gelled nanofibers and combined the photocrosslinking network to maintain a stable structure at the wound location. The in vitro cell culture assay indicated that the dressings had excellent cell cytocompatibility, and the addition of SF contributed to cell proliferation and wound healing. The in situ deposited nanofiber dressings had excellent potential in the urgent treatment of emergency wounds.

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Jirkovec, Radek, Alzbeta Samkova, Tomas Kalous, Jiri Chaloupek, and Jiri Chvojka. "Preparation of a Hydrogel Nanofiber Wound Dressing." Nanomaterials 11, no. 9 (August 25, 2021): 2178. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11092178.

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The study addressed the production of a hydrogel nanofiber skin cover and included the fabrication of hydrogel nanofibers from a blend of polyvinyl alcohol and alginate. The resulting fibrous layer was then crosslinked with glutaraldehyde, and, after 4 h of crosslinking, although the gelling component, i.e., the alginate, crosslinked, the polyvinyl alcohol failed to do so. The experiment included the comparison of the strength and ductility of the layers before and after crosslinking. It was determined that the fibrous layer following crosslinking evinced enhanced mechanical properties, which acted to facilitate the handling of the material during its application. The subsequent testing procedure proved that the fibrous layer was not cytotoxic. The study further led to the production of a modified hydrogel nanofiber layer that combined polyvinyl alcohol with alginate and albumin. The investigation of the fibrous layers produced determined that following contact with water the polyvinyl alcohol dissolved leading to the release of the albumin accompanied by the swelling of the alginate and the formation of a hydrogel.

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Miao, Lei, Xiao Wang, Shi Li, Yuanyuan Tu, Jiwen Hu, Zhenzhu Huang, Shudong Lin, and Xuefeng Gui. "An Ultra-Stretchable Polyvinyl Alcohol Hydrogel Based on Tannic Acid Modified Aramid Nanofibers for Use as a Strain Sensor." Polymers 14, no. 17 (August 28, 2022): 3532. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14173532.

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The mechanical performance is critical for hydrogels that are used as strain sensors. p-Aramid nanofiber (ANF) is preferable as an additive to the reinforce the mechanical performance of a poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA). However, due to the limited hydrogen bond sites, the preparation of ultra-stretchable, ANF-based hydrogel strain sensor is still a challenge. Herein, we reported an ultra-stretchable PVA hydrogel sensor based on tea stain-inspired ANFs. Due to the presence of numerous phenol groups in the tannic acid (TA) layer, the interaction between PVA and the ANFs was significantly enhanced even though the mass ratio of TA@ANF in the hydrogel was 2.8 wt‰. The tensile breaking modulus of the PVA/TA@ANF/Ag hydrogel sensor was increased from 86 kPa to 326 kPa, and the tensile breaking elongation was increased from 356% to 602%. Meanwhile, the hydrogel became much softer, and no obvious deterioration of the flexibility was observed after repeated use. Moreover, Ag NPs were formed in situ on the surfaces of the ANFs, which imparted the sensor with electrical conductivity. The hydrogel-based strain sensor could be used to detect the joint movements of a finger, an elbow, a wrist, and a knee, respectively. This ultra-stretchable hydrogel described herein was a promising candidate for detecting large-scale motions.

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Huang, Anshan, Yehong Chen, and Chaojun Wu. "Wound Dressing Double-Crosslinked Quick Self-Healing Hydrogel Based on Carboxymethyl Chitosan and Modified Nanocellulose." Polymers 15, no. 16 (August 13, 2023): 3389. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15163389.

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The use of hydrogels in wound dressings, which is pivotal for effective wound treatment, has been widely applied to diverse medical wound conditions. However, formulating natural hydrogels that combine robust strength and self-healing capabilities is a significant challenge. To overcome this, we successfully designed a natural nanocellulose self-healing hydrogel that can quickly self-heal and restore the complete hydrogel structure after injury to fill the injured area and protect the wound from external damage. Our study utilized modified natural polymer carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC), hydrazide-modified carboxymethyl cellulose nanofibers (HCNF), and cellulose nanocrystals modified by dialdehyde (DACNC) to fabricate the hydrogel. The amides containing more amino groups and HCNF in CMC can be used as cross-linking nodes, and the high aspect ratio and specific surface area of DACNC are favorable for the connection of many active hydrogels. The hydrogel is crosslinked by the dynamic imide bond and hydrazone bond between the amino group of CMC, the amide of HCNF, and the aldehyde of DACNC and has a double network structure. These connections can be readily reassembled when disrupted, enabling fast self-healing of hydrogels within five minutes. Moreover, HCNF and DACNC were incorporated as nano-reinforced fillers to bolster the hydrogel’s strength while preserving its high liquid absorption capacity (381% equilibrium swelling rate).

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Heydari Foroushani, Parisa Heydari, Erfan Rahmani, Iran Alemzadeh, Manouchehr Vossoughi, Mehrab Pourmadadi, Abbas Rahdar, and Ana M. Díez-Pascual. "Curcumin Sustained Release with a Hybrid Chitosan-Silk Fibroin Nanofiber Containing Silver Nanoparticles as a Novel Highly Efficient Antibacterial Wound Dressing." Nanomaterials 12, no. 19 (September 29, 2022): 3426. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12193426.

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Drug loading in electrospun nanofibers has gained a lot of attention as a novel method for direct drug release in an injury site to accelerate wound healing. The present study deals with the fabrication of silk fibroin (SF)-chitosan (CS)-silver (Ag)-curcumin (CUR) nanofibers using the electrospinning method, which facilitates the pH-responsive release of CUR, accelerates wound healing, and improves mechanical properties. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to investigate the effect of the solution parameters on the nanofiber diameter and morphology. The nanofibers were characterized via Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), zeta potential, and Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS). CS concentration plays a crucial role in the physical and mechanical properties of the nanofibers. Drug loading and entrapment efficiencies improved from 13 to 44% and 43 to 82%, respectively, after the incorporation of Ag nanoparticles. The application of CS hydrogel enabled a pH-responsive release of CUR under acid conditions. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) assay on E. coli and S. aureus bacteria showed that nanofibers with lower CS concentration cause stronger inhibitory effects on bacterial growth. The nanofibers do not have any toxic effect on cell culture, as revealed by in vitro wound healing test on NIH 3T3 fibroblasts.

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Kim, Se Hye, Yuan Sun, Jonah A. Kaplan, Mark W. Grinstaff, and Jon R. Parquette. "Photo-crosslinking of a self-assembled coumarin-dipeptide hydrogel." New Journal of Chemistry 39, no. 5 (2015): 3225–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5nj00038f.

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Patel, Madhumita, and Won-Gun Koh. "Composite Hydrogel of Methacrylated Hyaluronic Acid and Fragmented Polycaprolactone Nanofiber for Osteogenic Differentiation of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells." Pharmaceutics 12, no. 9 (September 22, 2020): 902. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics12090902.

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Composite hydrogels with electrospun nanofibers (NFs) have recently been used to mimic the native extracellular matrix. In this study, composite hydrogels of methacrylated hyaluronic acid containing fragmented polycaprolactone NFs were used for bone tissue engineering. The composite (NF/hydrogel) was crosslinked under ultraviolet (UV) light. The incorporation of fragmented polycaprolactone NFs increased the compression modulus from 1762.5 to 3122.5 Pa. Subsequently, adipose-derived stem cells incorporated into the composite hydrogel exhibited a more stretched and elongated morphology and osteogenic differentiation in the absence of external factors. The mRNA expressions of osteogenic biomarkers, including collagen 1 (Col1), alkaline phosphatase, and runt-related transcription factor 2, were 3–5-fold higher in the composite hydrogel than in the hydrogel alone. In addition, results of the protein expression of Col1 and alizarin red staining confirmed osteogenic differentiation. These findings suggest that our composite hydrogel provides a suitable microenvironment for bone tissue engineering.

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Miao, Chen, Penghui Li, Jiangdong Yu, Xuewen Xu, Fang Zhang, and Guolin Tong. "Dual Network Hydrogel with High Mechanical Properties, Electrical Conductivity, Water Retention and Frost Resistance, Suitable for Wearable Strain Sensors." Gels 9, no. 3 (March 14, 2023): 224. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels9030224.

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With the progress of science and technology, intelligent wearable devices have become more and more popular in our daily life. Hydrogels are widely used in flexible sensors due to their good tensile and electrical conductivity. However, traditional water-based hydrogels are limited by shortcomings of water retention and frost resistance if they are used as the application materials of flexible sensors. In this study, the composite hydrogels formed by polyacrylamide (PAM) and TEMPO-Oxidized Cellulose Nanofibers (TOCNs) are immersed in LiCl/CaCl2/GI solvent to form double network (DN) hydrogel with better mechanical properties. The method of solvent replacement give the hydrogel good water retention and frost resistance, and the weight retention rate of the hydrogel was 80.5% after 15 days. The organic hydrogels still have good electrical and mechanical properties after 10 months, and can work normally at −20 °C, and has excellent transparency. The organic hydrogel show satisfactory sensitivity to tensile deformation, which has great potential in the field of strain sensors.

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FUJITA, SATOSHI. "Electrospinning of Native Collagen Hydrogel Nanofibers." Sen'i Gakkaishi 74, no. 8 (August 10, 2018): P—374—P—378. http://dx.doi.org/10.2115/fiber.74.p-374.

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Omran, Khalida Abbas. "Bioactivation of Polyaniline for Biomedical Applications and Metal Oxide Composites." Journal of Chemistry 2022 (August 23, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9328512.

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In this work, the oxidative chemical synthesis of polyaniline (PANI) in the presence of glutamic acid (GA) is presented, using ammonium persulfate (APS) as the oxidizing agent. Syntheses were performed by varying the molar ratio of aniline:amino acid:oxidant. The products of the different reactions were characterized by SEM, TEM, and FTIR techniques. It was observed that the molar ratio of aniline:amino acid:oxidant used in the synthesis determines the composition and conformation of the resulting polymer and its morphological and electrochemical properties. Composite hydrogels were prepared by incorporating the drug-loaded PANI nanofibers in situ through polymerization and cross-linking of acrylamide. TEM images of the cross-section of the hydrogel revealed the formation of a three-dimensional system of the polyaniline nanofibers maintained by the insulating matrix of the polyacrylamide hydrogel. The in vitro release of the drug from the hydrogels composed of polyacrylamide/polyaniline against buffer solutions at different pH and temperature was studied, using orbital agitation. Finally, considering the potential of hydrogels composed of polyacrylamide/polyaniline for the controlled release of drugs, a study was conducted to evaluate their cytotoxicity against normal mouse subcutaneous tissue cells.

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Chen, Zhengkun, Nancy Khuu, Fei Xu, Sina Kheiri, Ilya Yakavets, Faeze Rakhshani, Sofia Morozova, and Eugenia Kumacheva. "Printing Structurally Anisotropic Biocompatible Fibrillar Hydrogel for Guided Cell Alignment." Gels 8, no. 11 (October 22, 2022): 685. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels8110685.

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Many fibrous biological tissues exhibit structural anisotropy due to the alignment of fibers in the extracellular matrix. To study the impact of such anisotropy on cell proliferation, orientation, and mobility, it is important to recapitulate and achieve control over the structure of man-made hydrogel scaffolds for cell culture. Here, we report a chemically crosslinked fibrous hydrogel due to the reaction between aldehyde-modified cellulose nanofibers and gelatin. We explored two ways to induce structural anisotropy in this gel by extruding the hydrogel precursor through two different printheads. The cellulose nanofibers in the hydrogel ink underwent shear-induced alignment during extrusion and retained it in the chemically crosslinked hydrogel. The degree of anisotropy was controlled by the ink composition and extrusion flow rate. The structural anisotropy of the hydrogel extruded through a nozzle affected the orientation of human dermal fibroblasts that were either seeded on the hydrogel surface or encapsulated in the extruded hydrogel. The reported straightforward approach to constructing fibrillar hydrogel scaffolds with structural anisotropy can be used in studies of the biological impact of tissue anisotropy.

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Han, Shanshan, Kexin Nie, Jingchao Li, Qingqing Sun, Xiaofeng Wang, Xiaomeng Li, and Qian Li. "3D Electrospun Nanofiber-Based Scaffolds: From Preparations and Properties to Tissue Regeneration Applications." Stem Cells International 2021 (June 17, 2021): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8790143.

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Electrospun nanofibers have been frequently used for tissue engineering due to their morphological similarities with the extracellular matrix (ECM) and tunable chemical and physical properties for regulating cell behaviors and functions. However, most of the existing electrospun nanofibers have a closely packed two-dimensional (2D) membrane with the intrinsic shortcomings of limited cellular infiltration, restricted nutrition diffusion, and unsatisfied thickness. Three-dimensional (3D) electrospun nanofiber-based scaffolds can provide stem cells with 3D microenvironments and biomimetic fibrous structures. Thus, they have been demonstrated to be good candidates for in vivo repair of different tissues. This review summarizes the recent developments in 3D electrospun nanofiber-based scaffolds (ENF-S) for tissue engineering. Three types of 3D ENF-S fabricated using different approaches classified into electrospun nanofiber 3D scaffolds, electrospun nanofiber/hydrogel composite 3D scaffolds, and electrospun nanofiber/porous matrix composite 3D scaffolds are discussed. New functions for these 3D ENF-S and properties, such as facilitated cell infiltration, 3D fibrous architecture, enhanced mechanical properties, and tunable degradability, meeting the requirements of tissue engineering scaffolds were discovered. The applications of 3D ENF-S in cartilage, bone, tendon, ligament, skeletal muscle, nerve, and cardiac tissue regeneration are then presented with a discussion of current challenges and future directions. Finally, we give summaries and future perspectives of 3D ENF-S in tissue engineering and clinical transformation.

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Han, Chenyang, Xinyi Wang, Zhongjin Ni, Yihua Ni, Weiwei Huan, Yan Lv, and Shuyang Bai. "Effects of nanocellulose on alginate/gelatin bio-inks for extrusion-based 3D printing." BioResources 15, no. 4 (August 5, 2020): 7357–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.15.4.7357-7373.

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Cellulose nanofibers (NFC) have attracted special attention in the field of extrusion-based three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting due to their good biocompatibility, excellent mechanical properties, and outstanding shear-thinning property. In this study, by mixing cellulose nanofibers suspension with sodium alginate (SA) and gelatin (GEL) solution, five groups of composite bio-inks with different NFC concentrations were prepared. The effects of NFC on the performance of the SA/GEL matrix hydrogels were analyzed by morphological observation, rheological property testing, mechanical property testing, swelling property testing, and printability analysis. The rheological results showed that the addition of NFC noticeably increased the viscosity of biological inks with low shear rates; therefore, the printed scaffolds maintained their structure better during the 3D printing process. After crosslinking with calcium chloride (CaCl2), the fidelity of the NFC/SA/GEL composite hydrogel structure was better than that of the SA/GEL hydrogel. Moreover, the structural properties were strengthened, and the mechanical stabilities of the composite hydrogels improved when NFC was added. Therefore, this study provided an easy way to improve the printability of extrusion-based 3D printing and the potential use of nanocellulose.

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Ramburrun, Poornima, Pradeep Kumar, Elias Ndobe, and Yahya E. Choonara. "Gellan-Xanthan Hydrogel Conduits with Intraluminal Electrospun Nanofibers as Physical, Chemical and Therapeutic Cues for Peripheral Nerve Repair." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 21 (October 26, 2021): 11555. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms222111555.

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Optimal levels of functional recovery in peripheral nerve injuries remain elusive due to the architectural complexity of the neuronal environment. Commercial nerve repair conduits lack essential guidance cues for the regenerating axons. In this study, the regenerative potential of a biosimulated nerve repair system providing three types of regenerative cues was evaluated in a 10 mm sciatic nerve-gap model over 4 weeks. A thermo-ionically crosslinked gellan-xanthan hydrogel conduit loaded with electrospun PHBV-magnesium oleate-N-acetyl-cysteine (PHBV-MgOl-NAC) nanofibers was assessed for mechanical properties, nerve growth factor (NGF) release kinetics and PC12 viability. In vivo functional recovery was based on walking track analysis, gastrocnemius muscle mass and histological analysis. As an intraluminal filler, PHBV-MgOl-NAC nanofibers improved matrix resilience, deformation and fracture of the hydrogel conduit. NGF release was sustained over 4 weeks, governed by Fickian diffusion and Case-II relaxational release for the hollow conduit and the nanofiber-loaded conduit, respectively. The intraluminal fibers supported PC12 proliferation by 49% compared to the control, preserved up to 43% muscle mass and gradually improved functional recovery. The combined elements of physical guidance (nanofibrous scaffolding), chemical cues (N-acetyl-cysteine and magnesium oleate) and therapeutic cues (NGF and diclofenac sodium) offers a promising strategy for the regeneration of severed peripheral nerves.

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Yixiu, Li, Yin Peiyi, Wu Kai, Wang Xiaomei, and Song Yulin. "Self-Assembly of a Multi-Functional Hydrogel from a Branched Peptide Amphiphile and Its Effects on Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells." Journal of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering 10, no. 12 (December 1, 2020): 1731–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jbt.2020.2492.

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In this work, a branched peptide amphiphile (B-PA) presenting RGD and IKVAV motifs was fabricated by solid-phase peptide synthesis and self-assembled into a nanofiber hydrogel in which rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were seeded and cultured for seven days. Specifically, 1 wt% B-PA was self-assembled into a nanofiber hydrogel with the addition of culture medium and observed using transmission electron microscopy. The B-PA with a molecular weight of 2191.72 and a purity >95% self-assembled into nanofibers with diameters from 6 to 8 nm and lengths ranging from hundreds of nanometers to several micrometers. BMSCs were acquired from rabbits using differential adherence methods and identified by flow cytometry for cell phenotype. The cells were stained with calcein acetoxymethyl ester/propidium iodide to assess cell viability, CCK-8 to assess cell cytotoxicity and proliferation, and Hochest 33342 to assess cell adhesion. They were also immunofluorescently labeled with microtubule-associated protein-2 (MAP-2), neurofilament protein (NF), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) to assess cell transdifferentiation. The B-PA hydrogel provided platform upon which the CD29+/44+ cells adhered and proliferated, and it induced the transdifferentiation of cells into neural cells expressing the markers MAP-2, NF, and GFAP. The hydrogel exhibited good cytocompatibility and multiple functions, and may therefore serve as a scaffold for neural tissue engineering.

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Heidarian, Pejman, Abbas Z. Kouzani, Akif Kaynak, Ali Zolfagharian, and Hossein Yousefi. "Dynamic Mussel-Inspired Chitin Nanocomposite Hydrogels for Wearable Strain Sensors." Polymers 12, no. 6 (June 24, 2020): 1416. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12061416.

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It is an ongoing challenge to fabricate an electroconductive and tough hydrogel with autonomous self-healing and self-recovery (SELF) for wearable strain sensors. Current electroconductive hydrogels often show a trade-off between static crosslinks for mechanical strength and dynamic crosslinks for SELF properties. In this work, a facile procedure was developed to synthesize a dynamic electroconductive hydrogel with excellent SELF and mechanical properties from starch/polyacrylic acid (St/PAA) by simply loading ferric ions (Fe3+) and tannic acid-coated chitin nanofibers (TA-ChNFs) into the hydrogel network. Based on our findings, the highest toughness was observed for the 1 wt.% TA-ChNF-reinforced hydrogel (1.43 MJ/m3), which is 10.5-fold higher than the unreinforced counterpart. Moreover, the 1 wt.% TA-ChNF-reinforced hydrogel showed the highest resistance against crack propagation and a 96.5% healing efficiency after 40 min. Therefore, it was chosen as the optimized hydrogel to pursue the remaining experiments. Due to its unique SELF performance, network stability, superior mechanical, and self-adhesiveness properties, this hydrogel demonstrates potential for applications in self-wearable strain sensors.

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Taka, Elissavet, Christina Karavasili, Nikolaos Bouropoulos, Thomas Moschakis, Dimitrios D. Andreadis, Constantinos K. Zacharis, and Dimitrios G. Fatouros. "Ocular Co-Delivery of Timolol and Brimonidine from a Self-Assembling Peptide Hydrogel for the Treatment of Glaucoma: In Vitro and Ex Vivo Evaluation." Pharmaceuticals 13, no. 6 (June 21, 2020): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph13060126.

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Effective pharmacotherapy during glaucoma treatment depends on interventions that reduce intraocular pressure (IOP) and retain the IOP lowering effect for sufficient time so as to reduce dosing frequency and enhance patient adherence. Combination anti-glaucoma therapy and dosage forms that increase precorneal residence time could therefore constitute a promising therapeutic intervention. The in-situ gel forming self-assembling peptide ac-(RADA)4-CONH2 was evaluated as carrier for the ocular co-delivery of timolol maleate (TM) and brimonidine tartrate (BR). The hydrogel’s microstructure and mechanical properties were assessed with atomic force microscopy and rheology, respectively. Drug diffusion from the hydrogel was evaluated in vitro in simulated tear fluid and ex vivo across porcine corneas and its effect on the treated corneas was assessed through physicochemical characterization and histological analysis. Results indicated that TM and BR co-delivery affected hydrogel’s microstructure resulting in shorter nanofibers and a less rigid hydrogel matrix. Rapid and complete release of both drugs was achieved within 8 h, while a 2.8-fold and 5.4-fold higher corneal permeability was achieved for TM and BR, respectively. No significant alterations were induced in the structural integrity of the corneas treated with the hydrogel formulation, suggesting that self-assembling peptide hydrogels might serve as promising systems for combination anti-glaucoma therapy.

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Ma, Haohua, Xin Qiao, and Lu Han. "Advances of Mussel-Inspired Nanocomposite Hydrogels in Biomedical Applications." Biomimetics 8, no. 1 (March 22, 2023): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics8010128.

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Hydrogels, with 3D hydrophilic polymer networks and excellent biocompatibilities, have emerged as promising biomaterial candidates to mimic the structure and properties of biological tissues. The incorporation of nanomaterials into a hydrogel matrix can tailor the functions of the nanocomposite hydrogels to meet the requirements for different biomedical applications. However, most nanomaterials show poor dispersion in water, which limits their integration into the hydrophilic hydrogel network. Mussel-inspired chemistry provides a mild and biocompatible approach in material surface engineering due to the high reactivity and universal adhesive property of catechol groups. In order to attract more attention to mussel-inspired nanocomposite hydrogels, and to promote the research work on mussel-inspired nanocomposite hydrogels, we have reviewed the recent advances in the preparation of mussel-inspired nanocomposite hydrogels using a variety of nanomaterials with different forms (nanoparticles, nanorods, nanofibers, nanosheets). We give an overview of each nanomaterial modified or hybridized by catechol or polyphenol groups based on mussel-inspired chemistry, and the performances of the nanocomposite hydrogel after the nanomaterial’s incorporation. We also highlight the use of each nanocomposite hydrogel for various biomedical applications, including drug delivery, bioelectronics, wearable/implantable biosensors, tumor therapy, and tissue repair. Finally, the challenges and future research direction in designing mussel-inspired nanocomposite hydrogels are discussed.

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Grewal, M. Gregory, and Christopher B. Highley. "Electrospun hydrogels for dynamic culture systems: advantages, progress, and opportunities." Biomaterials Science 9, no. 12 (2021): 4228–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0bm01588a.

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Cao, Jie, Zhilin Zhang, Kaiyun Li, Cha Ma, Weiqiang Zhou, Tao Lin, Jingkun Xu, and Ximei Liu. "Self-Healable PEDOT:PSS-PVA Nanocomposite Hydrogel Strain Sensor for Human Motion Monitoring." Nanomaterials 13, no. 17 (August 31, 2023): 2465. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano13172465.

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Strain sensors based on conducting polymer hydrogels are considered highly promising candidates for wearable electronic devices. However, existing conducting polymer hydrogels are susceptible to aging, damage, and failure, which can greatly deteriorate the sensing performance of strain sensors based on these substances and the accuracy of data collection under large deformation. Developing conductive polymer hydrogels with concurrent high sensing performance and self-healing capability is a critical yet challenging task to improve the stability and lifetime of strain sensors. Herein, we design a self-healable conducting polymer hydrogel by compositing poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) nanofibers and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) via both physical and chemical crosslinking. This PEDOT:PSS-PVA nanocomposite hydrogel strain sensor displays an excellent strain monitoring range (>200%), low hysteresis (<1.6%), a high gauge factor (GF = 3.18), and outstanding self-healing efficiency (>83.5%). Electronic skins based on such hydrogel strain sensors can perform the accurate monitoring of various physiological signals, including swallowing, finger bending, and knee bending. This work presents a novel conducting polymer hydrogel strain sensor demonstrating both high sensing performance and self-healability, which can satisfy broad application scenarios, such as wearable electronics, health monitoring, etc.

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Sugioka, Yusuke, Jin Nakamura, Chikara Ohtsuki, and Ayae Sugawara-Narutaki. "Thixotropic Hydrogels Composed of Self-Assembled Nanofibers of Double-Hydrophobic Elastin-Like Block Polypeptides." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 8 (April 15, 2021): 4104. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22084104.

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Physically crosslinked hydrogels with thixotropic properties attract considerable attention in the biomedical research field because their self-healing nature is useful in cell encapsulation, as injectable gels, and as bioinks for three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting. Here, we report the formation of thixotropic hydrogels containing nanofibers of double-hydrophobic elastin-like polypeptides (ELPs). The hydrogels are obtained with the double-hydrophobic ELPs at 0.5 wt%, the concentration of which is an order of magnitude lower than those for previously reported ELP hydrogels. Although the kinetics of hydrogel formation is slower for the double-hydrophobic ELP with a cell-binding sequence, the storage moduli G′ of mature hydrogels are similar regardless of the presence of a cell-binding sequence. Reversible gel–sol transitions are demonstrated in step-strain rheological measurements. The degree of recovery of the storage modulus G′ after the removal of high shear stress is improved by chemical crosslinking of nanofibers when intermolecular crosslinking is successful. This work would provide deeper insight into the structure–property relationships of the self-assembling polypeptides and a better design strategy for hydrogels with desired viscoelastic properties.

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Liang, Hao, Shuhui Jiang, Qipeng Yuan, Guofeng Li, Feng Wang, Zijie Zhang, and Juewen Liu. "Co-immobilization of multiple enzymes by metal coordinated nucleotide hydrogel nanofibers: improved stability and an enzyme cascade for glucose detection." Nanoscale 8, no. 11 (2016): 6071–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5nr08734a.

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Lubasova, Daniela, Haitao Niu, Xueting Zhao, and Tong Lin. "Hydrogel properties of electrospun polyvinylpyrrolidone and polyvinylpyrrolidone/poly(acrylic acid) blend nanofibers." RSC Advances 5, no. 67 (2015): 54481–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra07514a.

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Fujita, Satoshi, Yuka Wakuda, Minori Matsumura, and Shin-ichiro Suye. "Geometrically customizable alginate hydrogel nanofibers for cell culture platforms." Journal of Materials Chemistry B 7, no. 42 (2019): 6556–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9tb01353a.

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Hydrogel nanofibers derived from alginate with an anisotropic structure fabricated by using core–shell electrospinning play an important role in cell adhesion and proliferation as the extracellular matrix (ECM).

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Berglund, Linn, Fredrik Forsberg, Mehdi Jonoobi, and Kristiina Oksman. "Promoted hydrogel formation of lignin-containing arabinoxylan aerogel using cellulose nanofibers as a functional biomaterial." RSC Advances 8, no. 67 (2018): 38219–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ra08166b.

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Basti, Aliakbar Tofangchi Kalle, Mehdi Jonoobi, Sima Sepahvand, Alireza Ashori, Valentina Siracusa, Davood Rabie, Tizazu H. Mekonnen, and Fatemeh Naeijian. "Employing Cellulose Nanofiber-Based Hydrogels for Burn Dressing." Polymers 14, no. 6 (March 17, 2022): 1207. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14061207.

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The aim of this research was to fabricate a burn dressing in the form of hydrogel films constructed with cellulose nanofibers (CNF) that has pain-relieving properties, in addition to wound healing. In this study, the hydrogels were prepared in the form of film. For this, CNF at weight ratios of 1, 2, and 3 wt.%, 1 wt.% of hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), and citric acid (CA) crosslinker with 10 and 20 wt.% were used. FE-SEM analysis showed that the structure of the CNF was preserved after hydrogel preparation. Cationization of CNF by C6H14NOCl was confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy. The drug release analysis results showed a linear relationship between the amount of absorption and the concentration of the drug. The MTT test (assay protocol for cell viability and proliferation) showed the high effectiveness of cationization of CNF and confirmed the non-toxicity of the resulting hydrogels.

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Grzywaczyk, Adam, Agata Zdarta, Katarzyna Jankowska, Andrzej Biadasz, Jakub Zdarta, Teofil Jesionowski, Ewa Kaczorek, and Wojciech Smułek. "New Biocomposite Electrospun Fiber/Alginate Hydrogel for Probiotic Bacteria Immobilization." Materials 14, no. 14 (July 10, 2021): 3861. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14143861.

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Biotechnological use of probiotic microorganisms involves providing them with appropriate conditions for growth, but also protection against environmental changes caused by an exchange of the medium, isolation of metabolites, etc. Therefore, the research on effective immobilization of probiotic microorganisms should be focused in this direction. The present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of an innovative hybrid immobilization system based on electrospun nanofibers and alginate hydrogel. The analyses carried out included the study of properties of the initial components, the evaluation of the degree and durability of cell immobilization in the final material, and their survival under stress conditions. Effective binding of microorganisms to the hydrogel and nanofibers was confirmed, and the collected results proved that the proposed biocomposite is an efficient method of cell protection. In addition, it was shown that immobilization on electrospun nanofibers leads to the preservation of the highest cell activity and the least cell growth restriction as compared to free or lyophilized cells only. The completed research opens new perspectives for the effective immobilization of microorganisms of significant economic importance.

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Sun, Mingchao, Shaojuan Chen, Peixue Ling, Jianwei Ma, and Shaohua Wu. "Electrospun Methacrylated Gelatin/Poly(L-Lactic Acid) Nanofibrous Hydrogel Scaffolds for Potential Wound Dressing Application." Nanomaterials 12, no. 1 (December 21, 2021): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12010006.

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Electrospun nanofiber mats have attracted intense attention as advanced wound dressing materials. The objective of this study was to fabricate methacrylated gelatin (MeGel)/poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) hybrid nanofiber mats with an extracellular matrix (ECM) mimicking nanofibrous structure and hydrogel-like properties for potential use as wound dressing materials. MeGel was first synthesized via the methacryloyl substitution of gelatin (Gel), a series of MeGel and PLLA blends with various mass ratios were electrospun into nanofiber mats, and a UV crosslinking process was subsequently utilized to stabilize the MeGel components in the nanofibers. All the as-crosslinked nanofiber mats exhibited smooth and bead-free fiber morphologies. The MeGel-containing and crosslinked nanofiber mats presented significantly improved hydrophilic properties (water contact angle = 0°; 100% wettability) compared to the pure PLLA nanofiber mats (~127°). The swelling ratio of crosslinked nanofiber mats notably increased with the increase of MeGel (143.6 ± 7.4% for PLLA mats vs. 875.0 ± 17.1% for crosslinked 1:1 MeGel/PLLA mats vs. 1135.2 ± 16.0% for crosslinked MeGel mats). The UV crosslinking process was demonstrated to significantly improve the structural stability and mechanical properties of MeGel/PLLA nanofiber mats. The Young’s modulus and ultimate strength of the crosslinked nanofiber mats were demonstrated to obviously decrease when more MeGel was introduced in both dry and wet conditions. The biological tests showed that all the crosslinked nanofiber mats presented great biocompatibility, but the crosslinked nanofiber mats with more MeGel were able to notably promote the attachment, growth, and proliferation of human dermal fibroblasts. Overall, this study demonstrates that our MeGel/PLLA blend nanofiber mats are attractive candidates for wound dressing material research and application.

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Sun, Yuan, Jonah A. Kaplan, Aileen Shieh, Hui-Lung Sun, Carlo M. Croce, Mark W. Grinstaff, and Jon R. Parquette. "Self-assembly of a 5-fluorouracil-dipeptide hydrogel." Chemical Communications 52, no. 30 (2016): 5254–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6cc01195k.

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Tong, Junying, Xianlin Xu, Hang Wang, Xupin Zhuang, and Fang Zhang. "Solution-blown core–shell hydrogel nanofibers for bovine serum albumin affinity adsorption." RSC Advances 5, no. 101 (2015): 83232–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra19420b.

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Zang, Linlin, Ru Lin, Tianwei Dou, Lu wang Lu wang, Jun Ma, and Liguo Sun. "Electrospun superhydrophilic membranes for effective removal of Pb(ii) from water." Nanoscale Advances 1, no. 1 (2019): 389–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8na00044a.

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Mohabatpour, Fatemeh, Akbar Karkhaneh, and Ali Mohammad Sharifi. "A hydrogel/fiber composite scaffold for chondrocyte encapsulation in cartilage tissue regeneration." RSC Advances 6, no. 86 (2016): 83135–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra15592h.

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Singh, Ashmeet, Jojo P. Joseph, Deepika Gupta, Indranil Sarkar, and Asish Pal. "Pathway driven self-assembly and living supramolecular polymerization in an amyloid-inspired peptide amphiphile." Chemical Communications 54, no. 76 (2018): 10730–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8cc06266h.

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Temperature dependent stepwise self-assembly and seeded supramolecular polymerization of a peptide amphiphile form metastable nanoparticles to single nanofibers or twisted bundles, to render a mechanically tunable hydrogel.

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Yao, Zhi, Jiankun Xu, Jun Shen, Ling Qin, and Weihao Yuan. "Biomimetic Hierarchical Nanocomposite Hydrogels: From Design to Biomedical Applications." Journal of Composites Science 6, no. 11 (November 4, 2022): 340. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcs6110340.

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Natural extracellular matrix (ECM) is highly heterogeneous and anisotropic due to the existence of biomacromolecule bundles and pores. Hydrogels have been proposed as ideal carriers for therapeutic cells and drugs in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. However, most of the homogeneous and isotropic hydrogels cannot fully emulate the hierarchical properties of natural ECM, including the dynamically spatiotemporal distributions of biochemical and biomechanical signals. Biomimetic hierarchical nanocomposite hydrogels have emerged as potential candidates to better recapitulate natural ECM by introducing various nanostructures, such as nanoparticles, nanorods, and nanofibers. Moreover, the nanostructures in nanocomposite hydrogels can be engineered as stimuli-responsive actuators to realize the desirable control of hydrogel properties, thereby manipulating the behaviors of the encapsulated cells upon appropriate external stimuli. In this review, we present a comprehensive summary of the main strategies to construct biomimetic hierarchical nanocomposite hydrogels with an emphasis on the rational design of local hydrogel properties and their stimuli-responsibility. We then highlight cell fate decisions in engineered nanocomposite niches and their recent development and challenges in biomedical applications.

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Jiang, Yani, Xiaodong Xv, Dongfang Liu, Zhe Yang, Qi Zhang, Hongcan Shi, Guoqi Zhao, and Jiping Zhou. "Preparation of cellulose nanofiber-reinforced gelatin hydrogel and optimization for 3D printing applications." BioResources 13, no. 3 (June 13, 2018): 5909–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.13.3.5909-5924.

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Gelatin (GEL) obtained from animals is famous for its biocompatibility and biodegradability. However, its poor mechanical properties limits possible applications as bio-inks to fabricate tissue scaffolds through three-dimensional (3D) printing. In this work, a high strength hydrogel based on cellulose nanofibers and GEL (CNF/GEL) was designed for 3D printing. Scanning electron microscopy and breaking strength results indicated that a CNF filling content of 10% was the best content in the CNF/GEL hydrogels. The rheological properties of the samples with different solid contents were investigated, and the 10%-CNF/GEL-5 hydrogel was proposed for 3D printing. Then, a printing strategy with optimal conditions, including a crosslinking procedure for obtaining a 3D scaffold, was proposed. The biocompatibility of G-10%-CNF/GEL-5 was also investigated using CCK-8 and Hoechst 33342/PI double-staining assays. These results confirmed that the 10%-CNF/GEL-5 composite hydrogel has potential to be used as a 3D bio-ink for application in tissue repair.

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Fu, Qiuxia, Dandan Xie, Jianlong Ge, Wei Zhang, and Haoru Shan. "Negatively Charged Composite Nanofibrous Hydrogel Membranes for High-Performance Protein Adsorption." Nanomaterials 12, no. 19 (October 6, 2022): 3500. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12193500.

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Nanofibrous materials are considered as promising candidates for fabricating high-efficiency chromatography media, which are urgently needed in protein pharmaceuticals purification and biological research, yet still face several bottlenecks. Herein, novel negatively charged composite nanofibrous hydrogel membranes (NHMs) are obtained by a facile combination of electrospinning and surface coating modification. The resulting NHMs exhibit controllable morphologies and chemical structures. Benefitting from the combined effect of the stable framework of silicon dioxide (SiO2) nanofiber and the function layer of negatively charged hydrogel, as well as good pore connectivity among nanofibers, NHMs exhibit a high protein adsorption capacity of around 1000 mg g−1, and are superior to the commercial cellulose fibrous adsorbent (Sartobind®) and the reported nanofibrous membranous adsorbents. Moreover, due to their relatively stable physicochemical and mechanical properties, NHMs possess comprehensive adsorption performance, favorable resistance to acid and solvents, good selectivity, and excellent regenerability. The designed NHMs composite adsorbents are expected to supply a new protein chromatography platform for effective protein purification in biopharmaceuticals and biochemical reagents.

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Journal articles on the topic 'HYDROGEL NANOFIBERS'

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