Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Hydroelectric project'
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1
Baskota, Lava Prasad. "Impact of Loktak multi-purpose Hydroelectric project on the villages of Bishnupur district in Manipur." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/264.
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Gautam, Umesh. "STABILITY ASSESSMMENT OF THE UNDERGROUND SETTLING BASIN CAVERNS OF SUPER MADI HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT,NEPAL." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for geologi og bergteknikk, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-20105.
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Super Madi Hydrolectric Project (SMHEP) is located in Kaski District of Nepal. It is a run of river scheme with a installed capacity of 44 MW, net head of 295m and design discharge of 18 m^3⁄s.It has planned to build for the fulfillment to minimize the load-shedding problem of Nepal in the current scenario. This project lies in the lower part of the Higher Himalaya, mainly dominated by high-grade metamorphic rocks like gneiss and schists.Major task involve in this thesis work is to check for proper alignment of existing layout, assessment of stability condition with proper support system. Selection of best alternative alignment of cavern with its best shape and size are also another major work in this thesis. Optimum support estimation for the best alternative has also been done. Conclusion and final recommendations are based on stability condition and degree of rock support requirements.Geological and topographical site condition of headworks restrict for exposed settling basin therefore underground settling basin cavern in the left hill side has been selected. Rock mass in the settling basin area is slightly deformed, foliated micaous and banded gneiss with thin layer of schist. Analysis is based on assumption of ``No significant faults and shear zones across the alignment of settling basin cavern``.Both alternatives with axis orientation of N145E have been selected for the analysis. Shape of the caverns in both alternatives are inverted D. Existing alternative consists of two parallel settling basin caverns with a clear spacing of 9.5 m. Average width and height for both the caverns of existing alternative (Alternative I) are 8.4 m and 15 m whereas for proposed alternative (Alternative II) are 18.3 m and 20 m are respectively.Stress-strength factor plays a vital role for overall stability condition of the cavern. Stress induced problems such as rock bursting and spalling in hard rock whereas squeezing in weak rock is assumed. Some Empirical, Analytical, and Numerical approaches have been used for stability assessment and for designing of proper rock support system.RMR and Q-system of rock mass classification are used to classify the rock masses. Grimstad and Barton (1993) method is used in the analysis of rock bursting problem and squeezing problem. As a Semi-analytical approach ``Hoek and Marionos approach`` has been used for squeezing analysis.Numerical approaches have many benefits over empirical and analytical approaches, specifically in complex geometry like settling basin cavern. Rocscience software for numerical analysis such as Phase^2 and Un-wedge has been used. Generalized Hoek and Brown failure criterion are used to determine the state of stresses, strength factors, and deformations around the periphery of the caverns in Phase^2 . To analyze the wedge failure due to low shear strength of joints, empirical approach suggested by Barton and Bandis is used in the numerical analysis through rocscience software-Unwedge.Comparative study of empirical, analytical, and numerical approaches of analysis have been carried out for assessment of stability conditions. Finally, some recommendations to improve the analysis results have been performed.
3
Basnet, Chhatra Bahadur. "Evaluation on the Squeezing Phenomenon at the Headrace Tunnel of Chameliya Hydroelectric Project, Nepal." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for geologi og bergteknikk, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-22742.
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Growing demand of electricity in Nepal can be fulfilled by hydropower generation. The huge potentiality of hydropower generation in Nepal is mainly due to abundant water resources and available geographical head due to steep Rivers. In medium and large hydropower projects, huge amount of water discharge has to be handled form intake to power station and ultimately back to river again. Also, because of steep topography, the construction of pipe and canal on the surface of terrain could be very difficult and expensive for larger discharges. Hence, underground construction such as tunnels or shafts could only be the feasible options of water conveyance system for large discharges and in case of steep terrains. But, at the same time, there are higher risks and uncertainties associated with the underground works like tunnels and shafts or caverns.The main risks and uncertainties associated with the underground works are stress induced instability, water leakage, mud flows and finally the cost overrun during construction. When there is overstressing of rock mass that means rock stresses exceed the strength of rock mass, there will be stress induced instability in the tunnel. If the rock mass is very weak, schistose and deformable, squeezing phenomenon will occur with the development of plastic zone around the tunnel which causes excessive deformation of tunnel. In the Himalayan region, due to the high degree of schistocity, fracturing and shearing, weak rocks such as mudstone, shale, slate, phyllite, schist, highly schistose gneiss and the rock mass of the tectonic fault zones are not capable to withstand the high stresses. Basically, squeezing has been common phenomenon in the tunnels in these weak and deformable rock masses. In this thesis, Chameliya Hydroelectric Project (CHEP), located in far western region of Nepal, has been taken as the case study. In this project, huge squeezing problem occurred in about 800m stretch of headrace tunnel from chainage 3+100m to 3+900m. The most affected section is about 550m in between these chainages. At several locations in squeezing section, the tunnel wall closure (deformation) has been recorded well over 1.0 m in an average and the maximum above 2.0 m where the original tunnel diameter is 5.2m. Hence, the thesis basically deals with squeezing analysis of the case using different approaches. Rock types along the headrace tunnel alignment are dolomite, slate, talcosic phyllite and dolomite intercalated with phyllite. Mostly, talcosic phylite has been found in the squeezed section. The rock mass quality in the squeezed section is extremely poor to exceptionally poor.The main objectives of this thesis are the assessment of squeezing phenomenon, evaluation of stability of the tunnel and support pressure estimation. In this thesis, four main methods have been used to evaluate the squeezing phenomenon viz.; empirical methods such as Singh et al (1992) and Q-system (Grimstad and Barton, 1993), semi-analytical method such as Hoek and Marinos (2000), analytical method such as Convergence Confinement Method (Carranza-Torres and Fairhurst, 2000) and numerical program Phase2. Initially, seventeen tunnel sections at different chainages have been taken into consideration. The squeezing prediction criteria, such as Singh et al (1992), Q-system and Hoek and Marinos (2000) approach, show that there is severe squeezing in last ten sections. Hence more detail squeezing analysis has been done for these ten sections using Hoek and Marinos (2000) and Convergence Confinement Method, and support pressure has also been estimated using these two approaches and Barton et al. (1974) approach. Hoek and Marinos (2000) and Convergence Confinement Method analysis show that there is significant amount of tunnel deformation to cause squeezing problems. The main factors that control the squeezing phenomenon are the rock mass parameters and rock stresses. Therefore, quality of squeezing analysis largely depends upon the correct estimation of these input parameters. The main components of rock stresses are gravity and tectonic stresses. The rock stresses in the project area were not measured, so Phase2 program has been used to estimate the tectonic stress value from measured deformation. The tectonic stress value has been found to be equal to 3.5MPa in this area, but stress measurement will be necessary to verify this value. Uniaxial unconfined strength of intact rock in four tunnel sections has been back calculated from measured deformations using Phase2 program and found to be in the range of 10 to 15Mpa in the squeezed section. Later, the deformation has been calculated using Hoek and Marinos (2000) and Convergence Confinement Method for improved intact rock strength and compared with Phase2 result. All analyses show that there is significant deformation to cause squeezing problem. In CHEP, tunnel cross section has reduced considerably in several stretches of tunnel. Due to the excessive deformation, temporary supports were provided at several locations, steel ribs and lattice girders are buckled at several locations and shotcrete lining is also cracked. All these have to be removed before application of final lining. Finally, two different possible solutions have been studied using Phase2 program to address the existing problems in squeezed section of the headrace tunnel.
4
Hiscox, Alexandra Faye. "Studies on mosquito vectors in areas affected by the Nam Theun 2 Hydroelectric Project, Loa PDR." Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.558380.
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Mettle, Matilda. "Forced Resettlement in Ghana: The Dam and the Affected People : The Bui Hydroelectric Power Project in Ghana." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Geografisk institutt, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-17028.
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Forced resettlement is an issue of great humanitarian concern. The disruption it brings to the lives of the people it affects cannot be fully expressed. Many of such people lose the ability of restoring their lives, never to regain it till they die. What is more alarming is when forced resettlement is not caused by conflict or natural disaster but rather conscious development projects like dams, where it is expected that great energy will be channelled towards reducing and if possible avoid the adverse impacts of such forceful resettlement as a matter of human and citizenship right. Sadly, in many instances this never happen. The aim of this study is to find out how the lessons learnt from the Akosombo forced resettlement in Ghana has been used in planning and implementing the on-going Bui forced resettlement also in Ghana. This study also tries to investigate the impacts of the planning and implementation process of the resettlement on the affected communities and households. In order to achieve the above goals, qualitative research methods were employed. The study used in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, direct and participatory observation techniques in accessing the experiences and feelings of the people involved. The informants include the institutions and professionals which undertook the forced resettlement and the affected people. The modernisation and alternative development theories were reviewed to determine which of these approaches is in practice. However, since Ghana claims it is using the World Bank Operational Policy (4.12), which is following an alternative development approach, concepts such as participation and rights are used. Additionally, concepts such as compensation and forced resettlement are also reviewed. It is discovered that, although many lessons have been learnt from the Akosombo forced resettlement, these lessons have not been effectively translated into action plans in order to undertake successful forced resettlement in Ghana. The challenges and errors in planning the Bui resettlement have therefore marred its successful implementation. This has resulted in more adverse impacts on the affected people than good ones such as infertile lands, low farm yield, poor housing structures and total ban on fishing in the Black Volta without alternative fishing grounds.
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Kangave, Jalia. "Reconstituting the role of law in development-induced displacement and resettlement : lessons from Uganda's Bujagali hydroelectric project." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/35926.
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Imagine that one morning you wake up and learn that the place you have called home for generations is no longer going to be home. Your house will be demolished and in its place, government or a private developer will construct a dam or put up a residential complex. You have no right to say no because government has eminent domain over your land (or a legal right to compulsorily acquire it in the public interest).
Now imagine that the development will also result in the acquisition of the land on which you grow crops for subsistence and trade. It will close off access to the river where you fetch water for daily household use and catch fish for home consumption and for trade. In other words, this is the land where you live and where you obtain your means of living.
Lastly, imagine that the project area also contains your social, cultural and spiritual being. It is where over time, you have built social capital consisting of relatives and friends: a community network that you can count on for daily survival. It is where your ancestors are buried, the religious and spiritual institutions you subscribe to are located and your cultural ties entrenched.
This is no fiction. And it is not abstract. It is the everyday reality of the millions of people displaced by mega projects such as dams that are built in the name of development. There is a rich body of literature that explores the issue of development-induced displacement and its impact on communities. This thesis builds on that conversation by situating its analysis in law. Throughout the thesis, I trace the silences of law on the one hand and its aggressiveness on the other hand to determine the ways in which formal legal tools have enabled or disabled Project Affected Communities to secure their interests. I also explore how understanding dam projects from an investment perspective can further the understanding of the challenges faced by these communities when striving for inclusive laws and policies. Uganda’s Bujagali Hydroelectric Project is used as the case study for the analysis.
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Anieheobi, Callistus Chukwuemeka. "Congo-Nigeria hydroelectric superhighway grid : an economic viable option / Anieheobi Callistus C." Thesis, North-West University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/3667.
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Electricity availability and stability have a great contributory share of industrialization growth rate, poverty statistics, unemployment, foreign investors' participation, medium and small scale encouragement, crime and mortality rates recorded in any country. Nigeria as a country has been challenged with unstable and unreliable power supply.
There are many problems associated with electricity production in Nigeria. Such problems are recorded in the generation, transmission and distribution facets of electricity production.
With a multi-faceted problem, this document has been developed to deal with the economic aspect of power generation in Nigeria. Out of numerous technologies that are used in power generation, Nigerian predominantly sources its electricity supply from gas power plants and hydropower systems located within the country. Unfortunately, the Nigeria hydropower has been challenged with hydrological shortfalls. The gas power plant which is now conventional is being challenged with the developing gas technology around the globe. This development has adversely affected the cost of gas and subsequently the cost of power production using gas power plants.
As a result of hydrological limitations on Nigerian hydropower dams, effect of gas price on cost of energy produced and diversifying gas technology, harnessing electric energy from Inga falls of River Congo was considered as an economic choice of power production in Nigeria. The choice of power production adopted in this document was made from an economic viability studies carried out between Nigerian gas power plants and hydropower production from the River Congo.
The choice of technology employed for harnessing electric energy is largely dependent on the economic factors that go with the development. While some of these technologies go with large initial capital investment some are challenged with geometric increase of running cost. As applied in this work, the Net Present Value, Internal Rate of Return, Levelized Cost of Energy and Cash Flow Trend Analysis are suitable tools to determine choice of power plant. These tools were integrated and developed as an NILC model.
In the analysis presented in this dissertation, the economic viability of the two power plants selected was determined with the use of the Net Present Value, Internal Rate of Return, Levelized Cost of Energy and Cash Flow Trend Analysis (NILC) model. The model was used to measure the economic viability quantities of the two power plants selected for economic comparison.
After the completion of economic comparative analysis, hydropower production from the River Congo was concluded to be a better choice of power production compared to the conventional gas power plant option in Nigeria.Thesis (M.Ing. (Development and Management Engineering))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2009.
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Missler, Heidi Erika. "The Revelstoke Dam : a case study of the selection, licensing and implementation of a large scale hydroelectric project in British Columbia." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28175.
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Procedures for the selection, licensing and implementation of large scale energy projects must evolve with the escalating complexity of such projects and. the changing public value system. Government appeared unresponsive to rapidly changing conditions in the 1960s and 1970s. Consequently, approval of major hydroelectric development projects in British Columbia under the Water Act became increasingly more contentious. This led, in 1980, to the introduction of new procedures—the Energy Project Review Process (EPRP) — under the B.C. Utilities Commission Act.
This study documents and evaluates the selection, licensing and implementation of the Revelstoke Hydroelectric Dam under the Water Act and assesses to what extent the current EPRP selection and licensing procedure overcame the shortcomings of the Revelstoke experience. The methodological approach used is that of a post-development analysis.
The Revelstoke Project case study revealed that the Water Act only addressed project design, safety, and impacts, but not selection and justification. Project implementation proceeded under a conditional water licence. The two-part administrative framework, established under the licence and by B.C. Hydro, lacked integration and failed to provide effective management. A strong commitment to the preservation of environmental quality was lacking. The licensee's monitoring of construction practices in general and of compliance with environmental guidelines, a set of nonspecific commonly accepted construction activities, were inadequate. Governmental surveillance and enforcement were rendered unsatisfactory by staff shortages and a laissez faire attitude. The case study concluded with a post-development environmental analysis, which determined the effectiveness of the
Environmental Impact Statement in predicting impacts to be only twenty-five percent. Evaluation of the EPRP and its application in the Site C Dam proposal demonstrated that it is a significant improvement over its predecessor. If applied efficiently and in its entirety, it would provide an adequate structure and procedural sequence for project selection and licensing. However, some of the inadequacies noted in the Revelstoke case study, such the lack of provisions for early public and government participation, an adequate data base, an administrative structure, and a post-development analysis, have not been or only partially corrected. To conclude, this thesis offers some recommendations to further improve this continually evolving process.Arts, Faculty of
Geography, Department of
Graduate
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Piette, Randal R. "Effects of flow regulation due to hydroelectric project operation on the structure of fish communities in Wisconsin's large river systems /." Link to abstract, 2004. http://epapers.uwsp.edu/abstracts/2004/Piette.pdf.
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Kabia, John Amara. "Availability assessment of mixed hydro and diesel power supply system : a case study : Sierra Leone's Bumbuna hydroelectric project and Kingtom Power Station." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/5526.
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Friesen, Wilbert J. "Development ethics and the Canadian North : a case study analysis of the Churchill-Nelson Rivers Hydro Diversion Project." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0018/NQ55332.pdf.
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Malmquist, Peter, and Mats Sigfridsson. "The Kamchay Hydropower Project -Hydropower development in Cambodia and eastern Asia." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för teknik och samhälle (TS), 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-20993.
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The objective in this case study is to highlight typical problems of a planned hydropower dam project in Bokor National Park, Cambodia. The focal point in the line of questioning is the usage of public participation in larger exploration plans in a development country and to give a comprehensive survey of some of the participant involved. The study also discusses how the WCD report is used by non-govemental organisation to validate their claims. To be able to understand how the Cambodian society works, the study also includes a short briefing of recent Cambodian history. The study shows that the local people are more or less neglected in the preliminary investigations. Even if information meetings are held open, they are conducted in such a way that it is hard for common people to participate. The meetings are held in English and not in the domestic language Khmer. Critical groups are not formally invited but welcome to attend, most of their statements are withdrawn from the official protocols. The study also reveals that the leading entrepreneurs more or less neglects the environmental hazards in the construction by focus their information and calculations on the positive effects of the project. The study has been made as a field study, on location in Cambodia.
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Aufmuth, Joseph L. "A comparison of the Normalized Difference and the Tasseled Cap Vegetation Indices a case study of using satellite remote sensing imagery for assessment of environmental impact of a hydroelectric power project on the River Danube /." [Florida] : State University System of Florida, 2001. http://etd.fcla.edu/etd/uf/2001/ank6404/thesis.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Florida, 2001.Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xv, 82 p.; also contains graphics. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 76-81).
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King, Robert Donald 1954. "FEASIBILITY STUDIES FOR SMALL HYDROPOWER PROJECTS (HYDROELECTRIC, PLANNING, RECONNAISSANCE, WATER RESOURCES)." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/292069.
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Khalifa, Hassan Z. N. "Public private partnership in infrastructure projects case of a Sudanese hydroelectric power plant." Berlin Univ.-Verl. der TU, Univ.-Bibliothek, 2009. http://www.ub.tu-berlin.de/index.php?id=2385#c10643.
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Sahin, Haci Bayram. "Analysing Design Parameters Of Hydroelectric Power Plant Projects To Develop Cost Decision Models By Using Regresion And Neural Network Tools." Master's thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12611462/index.pdf.
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Energy is increasingly becoming more important in today&rsquos world. Ascending of energy consumption due to development of technology and dense population of earth causes greenhouse effect. One of the most valuable energy sources is hydro energy. Because of limited energy sources and excessive energy usage, cost of energy is rising. There are many ways to generate electricity. Among the electricity generation units, hydroelectric power plants are very important, since they are renewable energy sources and they have no fuel cost. Electricity is one of the most expensive input in production. Every hydro energy potential should be considered when making investment on this hydro energy potential. To decide whether a hydroelectric power plant investment is feasible or not, project cost and amount of electricity generation of the investment should be precisely estimated. This study is about cost estimation of hydroelectric power plant projects. Many design parameters and complexity of construction affect the cost of hydroelectric power plant projects. In this thesis fifty four hydroelectric power plant projects are analyzed. The data set is analyzed by using regression analysis and artificial neural network tools. As a result, two cost estimation models have been developed to determine the hydroelectric power plant project cost in early stage of the project.
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Urbánek, Jaroslav. "Projekt modelu malé vodní elektrárny." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-221347.
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Master thesis consists of the construction of a small hydroelectric power play model for laboratory use. The first step is to calculate parameters required for the creation of the 2D model Banki turbine. Next part is a proposal and selection of individual components of the model, such as generator, turbine housing, water circuit, pump and alternator mounting. The last step is to launch the model and verify, if the model of a small hydroelectric power plant achieves the required parameters.
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Dushnisky, Kelvin Paul Michael. "An adaptive impact monitoring and management strategy for resource development projects." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26251.
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This thesis advances a conceptual model of adaptive impact monitoring that is designed to overcome many of the criticisms plaguing conventional monitoring strategies. The potential for applying the adaptive model is demonstrated for the Peace River Site C dam proposed for northeastern British Columbia.
Environmental impact assessment (EIA) has progressed considerably from its early biophysical orientation to a more comprehensive, interdisciplinary process concerned with the breadth of environmental and socio-economic impacts of development. Impact monitoring, an essential EIA component, has also progressed but in a less innovative fashion. Consequently, conventional monitoring strategies often contain significant deficiencies including insufficient use of past experience, poor monitoring design, and failure to recognize the learning opportunity offered by each project.
Adaptive impact monitoring offers significant advantages over traditional strategies. An adaptive strategy is based on a series of impact hypotheses established and tested by an interdisciplinary design team and has two fundamental stages: design and evaluation.
A review of the potential environmental impacts of hydroelectric production indicates that the reservoir impact paradigm is beginning to provide a comprehensive basis for assessing development effects. Although the Site C EIA adequately reflects the reservoir impact paradigm, it has three significant weaknesses. First, the potential impacts on downstream ecology and distant downstream users are ill-considered. Second, the potential for increased Site C fisheries parasitism is neglected. Finally, estimates of maximum sustainable yield for the Site C reservoir and Peace River fisheries are unreliable.
While opportunities for future impact monitoring were recognized through the Site C panel hearings, they lacked flexibility. The potential impacts on downstream water temperature and fisheries resources are used to illustrate the applicability of the adaptive strategy and the advantages derived from collecting only relevant, statistically credible data to permit testing impact hypotheses in a cost-effective manner. On the basis of these findings, six major policy recommendations are provided for improving the effectiveness of impact monitoring and management for future resource developments.Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies
Graduate
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Curihuentro, Sebastian Gonzalo Novoa. "Análise regulatória de casos de implementação de usinas hidrelétricas binacionais: levantamento histórico e projeções para o futuro." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3143/tde-21072016-093655/.
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Os projetos hidrelétricos binacionais existentes têm exibido grandes resultados no que se refere à integração energética, principalmente pela forma com que os países membros vêm lidando com os investimentos de geração. Nesse sentido, com base em pesquisas documentais realizadas para a compreensão da evolução da regulação especialmente da integração de energia e potência dos empreendimentos e dos mercados elétricos dos países contratantes , assim como da regulação elétrica dos países envolvidos, o presente trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar alinhamentos regulatórios para o desenvolvimento de futuros projetos hidrelétricos binacionais. Parte das ferramentas apresentadas e dos arranjos previstos nos modelos é preexistente e, inclusive, alguns deles têm sido aplicados na regulação existente de projetos em desenvolvimento. Contudo, será apresentada uma forma articulada de utilização, mediante a criação de modelos que possam servir como alinhamentos gerais para melhor orientar os esforços para a realização de futuros projetos binacionais. Tudo isso sob a ótica da teoria de desenhos de mercado e da teoria do interesse privado, com o intuito de, consequentemente, facilitar a inclusão de empreendedores privados nesse tipo de iniciativa.The existing binational hydroelectric projects have shown very good results when it comes to energy market integration, especially considering the way that countries deal with generation investments. Therefore, based on documentary research conducted to understand the evolution of the energy markets regulation particularly the way that the involved countries deal with the integration of the energy and power coming of the enterprises to their national energy markets , as well as the electrical regulation of such countries, this document intends to introduce regulatory alignments to guide the development of future binational hydroelectric projects. Some of the regulatory tools and arrangements presented as part of the models are pre-existing to this paper, and even some of them have been used on existing regulation of projects currently under development. However, an articulate way to use them will be presented, by creating models that can serve as general alignments to improve the accuracy of the efforts for the development of new binational hydroelectric projects. All this from the standpoint of the energy market designs theory and private interest theory, in order to facilitate the inclusion of private entrepreneurs in this kind of initiative.
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Quinaya, Buitrago Jhon Edilson. "Implantação de hidroelétricas em Tolima (Colômbia): Impactos socioculturais e econômicos nas áreas das comunidades indígenas do município de Prado - Tolima." Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2017. http://tedebc.ufma.br:8080/jspui/handle/tede/1749.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Colombia joins every day more to the process of neoliberal globalization. This process materializes in a differentiated way in the multiple local territories, giving rise to a redefinition and the production of a new specialty according to the needs. This process has generated the implementation of large projects that have as strategy and dynamics the transformation of territories through the use of land and natural resources. From its implantation emerge social, economic and environmental processes not always favorable to the places of installation, which are the results of the implementation of these projects. The present analysis gives emphasis in these results, especially social aspects referring to the communities residing in these areas of influence of these projects. In this scenario is the installation of the meadow hydroelectric plant in the state of Tolima. The presence of this hydroelectric plant brought countless consequences to the communities installed there, particularly to the indigenous people who were forced to leave their areas due to the forced displacement caused by the presence of this great investment. The consequence for the victims of this process which also includes peasants are changes in their life history and consequently their survival. Forcing them to modify the social, cultural and economic activities that surround the whole area of direct influence of the hydroelectric project.
A Colômbia se junta cada dia mais ao processo da globalização neoliberal. Processo o qual se materializa de maneira diferenciada nos múltiplos territórios locais, dando passo a uma redefinição e na produção de uma nova especialidade de acordo com as necessidades. Este processo tem gerado a implementação de grandes projetos que tem como estratégia e dinâmica a transformação de territórios mediante o aproveitamento de terras e recursos naturais. Da sua implantação emergem processos sociais, econômicos e ambientais nem sempre favoráveis aos locais de instalação, os quais são os resultados da implementação destes projetos. A presente análise dá ênfase nestes resultados, especialmente naqueles referentes aos aspectos sociais das comunidades residentes nestas áreas de influencia desses projetos. Neste cenário, encontra-se a instalação da hidroelétrica de prado no estado de Tolima. A presença desta hidroelétrica trouxe inúmeras consequências às comunidades ali instaladas, particularmente aos indígenas, que foram forçados a abandonar suas áreas em decorrências do deslocamento forçado, ocasionado pela presença deste grande investimento. As consequências para as vitimas deste processo que também inclui camponeses são mudanças na sua historia de vida e consequentemente na sua sobrevivência. Obrigando-os assim, a modificar as atividades sociais, culturais e econômicas que envolve toda a área de influencia direta do projeto da hidroelétrica.
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Silva, Rene Gonçalves Serafim. "Os processos de des-re-territorialização na implantação do complexo energético Amador Aguiar (MG) e os atingidos não-proprietários de terras." Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, 2014. https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/16181.
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Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas GeraisThis work is the result of a research about Great Hydroelectric Projects (GHP) and the process of de-re-territorialisation of affected people in the river basin Araguari, Minas Gerais. The Amador Aguiar Energy Complex, an enterprise composed by Consórcio Capim Branco Energia (CCBE), was chosen as a case report. This study aimed to describe and analyze the implementation and operation of this project and understand the process of de-re-territorialisation triggered as social and spacial effects in an enterprise of this size. The study subjects, the affected non-landowners, were chosen as a research resource for understanding this de-re-territorialisation. As a methodological procedure, were raised and discussed relevant references about the theme and geographical analysis categories, such as place and territory. The implementation and operation of hydropower plants Amador Aguiar I and II, composed by Amador Aguiar Power Complex, were described and analyzed, besides the composition of Consórcio Capim Branco Energia (CCBE). Finally, the implementation of two rural settlements was discussed (Olhos D\'Água and Vida Nova), both in Uberlândia (MG), to attend the non- affected landowners who chose to remain on the land. These settlements were the option given by the consortium as a form of compensation, being awarded with small land where they could reterritorialize and conduct their economic activities. The conclusion is that the affected who resides in each settlements has different realities today. Most owners of lands in the settlement Olhos D\'Água, for those who are still there, use them only as property and cannot reproduce economically, as predicted by the consortium. Some owners sold their lands and migrated due to the economic situation in which they found themselves. In contrast, the residents of the settlement Vida Nova managed to restore these new territories due to a number of factors that favored them, such as the location next to the displacement place, proximity to the water dam Amador Aguiar I hydropower plant and their developed economic activities. However, they still do not have the contract of their properties and there is a fear that they may get a new displacement.
O presente trabalho é o resultado de uma pesquisa sobre os Grandes Empreendimentos Hidrelétricos (GEH) no processo de des-re-territorialização de atingidos na bacia hidrográfica do rio Araguari, em Minas Gerais. O Complexo Energético Amador Aguiar, empreendimento composto pelo Consórcio Capim Branco Energia (CCBE), foi escolhido como estudo de caso. Neste trabalho, objetivou-se descrever e analisar a implantação e operação deste empreendimento e compreender o processo de des-re-territorialização deflagrado como efeito socioespacial de empreendimento deste porte. Os sujeitos da pesquisa, os atingidos não-proprietários de terra, foram escolhidos como fonte de pesquisa para a compreensão desta des-re-territorialização. Como procedimento metodológico, foram levantadas e discutidas referências bibliográficas pertinentes à temática e às categorias de análise geográfica, como território e lugar. Foram descritas e analisadas a implantação e operação das Usinas Hidrelétricas de Amador Aguiar I e II, integrantes do Complexo Energético Amador Aguiar, além da composição do Consórcio Capim Branco Energia (CCBE). Por último, discutiu-se a implantação de dois assentamentos rurais, Olhos D Água e Vida Nova, ambos no município de Uberlândia (MG), para atender os atingidos não-proprietários de terra que optaram pela permanência na terra. Estes assentamentos foram a opção dada pelo consórcio como forma de indenização, sendo contemplados com pequenos lotes onde puderam se reterritorializar e realizar suas atividades econômicas. A conclusão é que os atingidos moradores dos lotes apresentam realidades distintas atualmente. A maioria dos proprietários dos lotes presentes no assentamento Olhos D Água, para aqueles que ainda lá permanecem, utiliza-os apenas como moradia e não conseguem reproduzir economicamente, como previa o consórcio. Alguns proprietários venderam seus lotes e migraram devido à situação econômica em que se encontravam. Diferentemente, os moradores do assentamento Vida Nova conseguiram se restabelecer nestes novos territórios em virtude de uma série de fatores que os favoreceram, como a localização próxima do deslocamento, proximidade com a água da represa da UHE Amador Aguiar I e as atividades econômicas desenvolvidas. Entretanto, ainda não possuem as escrituras de suas propriedades e há um temor de que eles possam sofrer uma nova desterritorialização.
Mestre em Geografia
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Polizel, Luiz Henrique. "Metodologia de prospecção e avaliação de pré-viabilidade expedita de geração distribuída (GD): caso eólico e hidraúlico." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3143/tde-17012008-114829/.
Full textAbstract:
Estudos convencionais de identificacao e de viabilidade de potenciais de producao de energia eletrica eolica e hidroeletrica de pequena escala demandam trabalhos de campo que, muitas vezes, implicam na inviabilidade economica do negocio em funcao dos seus onerosos custos. Alem disso, a execucao desses trabalhos nao assegura ao investidor a recuperacao desses onerosos recursos despendidos, principalmente se o potencial estudado apresentar inviabilidade tecnico-economica. Acrescenta-se ainda a esse risco, a possibilidade do investidorexecutor dos estudos iniciais (estimativa e inventario/viabilidade) nao contrair a outorga de exploracao do potencial, que e oferecida publicamente pelo Orgao Regulador. Entretanto, esse risco pode ser mitigado com a indicacao orientativa de viabilidade, com custos reduzidos. Por outro lado, ha uma forte tendencia de implantacao de pequenas centrais de producao de energia, caracterizadas como \"Geracao Distribuida\" (GD), em virtude dos atuais incentivos regulatorios para essas fontes, das recentes restricoes ambientais e da escassez de investimentos em grandes projetos. Neste contexto, esta dissertacao apresenta um modelo de obtencao de pre-viabilidade de potenciais fundamentado em caracteristicas tecnicas de componentes de Usinas Eolicas (EOL\'s) e Pequenas Centrais Hidreletricas (PCH\'s), com atributos fisicos geograficamente representados e consultados em um ambiente de geoprocessamento informatizado. Esse modelo proposto realiza estimativa de indicadores tecnico-economicos de centrais, produzindo estudos de pre-viabilidade com rapidez e baixo custo. De posse desse modelo o investidor pode simular a implementacao de varios aproveitamentos eolicos e hidroeletricos, antes de mobilizacao e de levantamentos de campo mais precisos e onerosos, obtendo dessa forma orientacoes importantes para direcionar sua atencao, com minimizacao de incertezas envolvidas na pre-viabilidade do potencial.Identification and viability studies on small scale production of electrical energy based on wind and hydro power conventionally demand onerous field work whose costs frequently imply economic unfeasibility of the business. Moreover, the execution of these works does not assure that the investor will recover its expended resources, mainly if the potential analysis of the business demonstrates its technical and economic unfeasibility. Additionally, there is the possibility of not contracting the concession to this potential exploration, which is publicly offered by the Regulatory Agency, by the investor-executor of the initial studies (estimative, inventory and viability). However, this risk can be mitigated by the guiding indication of viability, with reduced costs. On the other hand, it has one strong trend of implantation of smallscale power generation, characterized as \"Distributed Generation\" (DG), because of its current legal incentives and also because of the recent ecological restrictions and the scarcity of investments in large enterprises. In this context, this work presents a pre-viability of potentials attainment model based on technical characteristics of Wind Plants and Small Hydroelectric Plants (SHP\'s) components, whose physical attributes are geographically represented and consulted in a geographic information system. The proposed model estimates the technical and economical pointers of power plants, producing fast and low-cost studies of pre-viability. Trough this model the investor can simulate wind power and hydropower exploration before mobilizating onerous and accurate field researches, getting an important guiding to its priorities, minimizing uncertainties in the process.
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CORRÊA, Sérgio Roberto Moraes. "As lutas e resistências do Movimento Xingu Vivo Para Sempre diante do Projeto Hidrelétrico Belo Monte: o padrão de desenvolvimento da Amazônia em disputa." Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, 2014. http://dspace.sti.ufcg.edu.br:8080/jspui/handle/riufcg/144.
Full textAbstract:
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Esta pesquisa analisa as lutas e resistências do Movimento Xingu Vivo Para Sempre (MXVPS) frente ao padrão de desenvolvimento dominante para a Amazônia, focando nos conflitos socioambientais em torno do Projeto de Aproveitamento Hidrelétrico Belo Monte (AHEBM), localizado no sudoeste do Estado do Pará. Para tanto, tomou como base a seguinte questão: as lutas e resistências do MXVPS frente a esse empreendimento hidrelétrico possibilitam identificar projetos de desenvolvimento que se colocam em perspectiva alternativa à hegemônica? Com isso, buscou identificar e analisar em que medida essas lutas e resistências do Movimento sinalizam com uma perspectiva contra-hegemônica. As noções de hegemonia e contra-hegemonia, baseadas em Boaventura de Sousa Santos, lastrearam a perspectiva crítica de análise. Com foco numa abordagem qualitativa, as estratégias metodológicas combinaram pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e de campo, neste caso com ênfase em observação participante e entrevistas semiestruturadas e em profundidade, dando relevo à história oral. Como resultado, foi possível identificar que o AHEBM é a expressão, por meio do PAC, da expansão da fronteira hidrelétrica no movimento de territorialização da dinâmica de acumulação do capital sobre a Amazônia sob forte influência do Estado, em parceria com grandes grupos econômicos, usando de violência institucional e simbólica para levar a cabo seu modelo neodesenvolvimentista. Dessa expansão da fronteira, vem ocorrendo um processo de desterritorialização na Região, o qual se expressa na expropriação, desintegração e precarização dos modos de vida de povos e comunidades tradicionais e camponesas, violando seus direitos fundamentais e pondo sob risco sua proteção física e social, além de comprometer o equilíbrio do ecossistema e do bioma amazônico. Isso caracteriza um processo, além de capitalista, colonialista. Essa expansão da fronteira hidrelétrica, todavia, não vem se dando sem contradições e conflitos, sem lutas e resistências a esse modelo. Seguindo essas pistas e esses sinais de contradições e conflitos, foi possível, também, capturar dinâmicas não hegemônicas (experiências e perspectivas sociais), a partir das resistências e das lutas do MXVPS, que se dão nesse brasil profundo e que ajudam a revelar outras imagens, representações e experiências da Amazônia, do Brasil e do Mundo.
This research analyzes the struggles and resistance of the Xingu Alive Forever Movement (MXVPS) against the dominant pattern of development for the Amazon, focusing on environmental conflicts around the Project Belo Monte Hydroelectric (AHEBM), located in the southwest of Pará. To do so, was based on the following question: the MXVPS’s struggles and resistances against this hydroelectric project possible to identify development projects that arise as an alternative to hegemonic perspective? Thus, we sought to identify and analyze the extent to which these struggles and resistances of this Movement signal with a counterhegemonic perspective. The concepts of hegemony and counter-hegemony, based on Boaventura de Sousa Santos, backed the critical analysis perspective. Focusing on a qualitative approach, the methodological strategies combined bibliographic, documental and empirical research, in this case with emphasis on participant observation and semi-structures interviews and in-depth, giving emphasis to oral history. As a result, we found that the AHEBM is the expression, through the PAC, the expansion of hydroelectric border movement of territorialization in the dynamics of capital accumulation on the Amazon under the strong influence of the state, in partnership with major economic groups, using institutional and symbolic violence to conduct your neo-desenvolvimentista model. This expansion of the border, there has been a process of deterritorialization in the region, which is expressed in the expropriation, disintegration and insecurity of livelihoods and traditional peoples and peasant communities, violating their fundamental rights and putting at risk their physical and social protection, besides disturbing the balance of the ecosystem and the Amazon biome. This characterizes a process, as capitalist and colonialist. This expansion of hydroelectric border, however, does not come without giving contradictions and conflicts, struggles and resistance to this model. Following these lanes and signs of these contradictions and conflicts, it was also possible to capture non-hegemonic dynamics (social experiences and perspectives), as of resistances and struggles of MXVPS that occur deep in Brazil and help reveal more images, representations and experiences of the Amazon, Brazil and the world.
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Stewart, Thomas W. G. "Investigation of rock slope deformation at the Wahleach Hydroelectric Project using the Flac computer code." Thesis, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/5979.
Full textAbstract:
Progressive deformation of the large natural rock slope at British Columbia Hydro's
Wahleach hydroelectric project is an ongoing phenomenon. Slope movements have caused
significant operational problems in the original power tunnels located within portions of the
deforming slope, and pose a recognized hazard to property and facilities located at the base
of the slope.
Developing a more comprehensive understanding of the rock slope deformation mechanics
has been fundamental in evaluating the potential risk to facilities located at the base of the
slope. This has been achieved through an extensive investigation and monitoring program,
and supported by detailed numerical modelling studies presented in this report.
Numerical modelling with the finite difference FLAC computer code has utilized the
extensive slope monitoring history developed between 1989 and 1994 to evaluate the model
response. This has allowed the model to be used to evaluate the possible failure modes in
the slope and to investigate the effects of future loading conditions such as earthquakes and
extreme precipitation events, in addition to the potential long term evolution of the slope
movement process.
Application of the FLAC code enabled a representative simulation of observed slope
conditions to be made. Modelling results yielded excellent comparison with slope
instrumentation data, developing confidence in the modelling capabilities to carry out
predictive analyses of potential future loading conditions. The modelling indicated the
importance of transient groundwater flow to the deformation process in the upper 40 to 70
metres of the rock mass.
B.C. Hydro recognized the potentially critical impact of adverse slope movement on the
collection of hydroelectric, transportation and communication facilities located at the base of
the Wahleach slope. Comprehensive investigative work, undertaken following the rupture
of the steel lining of the power conduit, concluded that the nature of the slope movements
indicated that a rapid failure mechanism was unlikely to develop. The modelling studies
described herein provided further support that rapid slope failure is unlikely. Moreover, the
numerical modelling provided important insight into the slope deformation mechanics,
enhancing the understanding of this regionally important phenomenon.
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Wolf, Jason. "Damming the Mekong: the social, economic and environmental consequences of the Nam Theun 2 Hydroelectric Project." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/4404.
Full textAbstract:
More than a decade after the World Bank was forced out of the dam-building industry due to the social and environmental consequences of the projects they helped to finance, World Bank support for the development of the Nam Theun 2 (NT2) Hydroelectric Project, located atop the bio-diverse Nakai Plateau in central Laos, signals the re-emergence of the Bank’s involvement in large-scale dam construction initiatives. The NT2 project is the Bank’s response to its international critics. The project is a ‘test case’ for a new model of hydropower development that seeks to counteract any negative consequences to the surrounding environment and populations through the enactment of a new set of environmental and social safeguards that the Bank had spent over a decade developing. As the optimal consequence, if NT2 achieves the goal of safeguarding the bio-diverse environment of the Nakai region through the creation and implementation of long-term ‘socially and environmentally sustainable’ livelihood activities capable of raising the living standards and income levels of Nakai villagers beyond the national poverty line, then the NT2 model of development will be validated and its use in other World Bank supported hydroelectric initiatives all but assured. The alternative result is that the new safeguard mechanisms fail to achieve these goals, significantly contributing to the destabilization of one of the of the most environmentally and culturally unique regions in the world. This thesis analyzes the effectiveness of NT2 social and environmental safeguards in order to determine to what extent this new model of development is achieving the objectives it set prior to construction. Using a range of data, it analyzes outcomes produced from the core safeguards program of the project: the resettlement livelihoods’ programmes. Analysis of villagers’ livelihoods after resettlement clearly indicates that the NT2 model was never able to overcome challenges posed by reduced access to forest and agricultural lands for re-establishing villagers’ core land-based livelihood activities. As a result, many villagers have abandoned the livelihoods programmes at resettlement villages across the Plateau. In the short term, these villagers have, nevertheless, significantly increased their incomes through intensified commercial fishing and export-oriented rare timber and endangered wildlife extraction activities. The problem for NT2 developers such as the World Bank is that this form of economic activity is neither socially nor environmentally sustainable, placing the regional environment, local populations and the NT2 project in jeopardy.Graduate
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Mendoza, Mc Donald Ferrufino, and 費邁堂. "Chinese investment in Honduras during the presidency of Porfirio Lobo Sosa (2010 - 2014), Patuca III hydroelectric project." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/98230995973033688039.
Full textAbstract:
碩士淡江大學
亞洲研究所數位學習碩士在職專班
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Several sectors of Honduras society are worried due to the financial aid offered by the government of Popular Republic of China (continental China) for the construction of Hydroelectric Dam: “Patuca III”, located in Honduras nor-western area. The countries do not hold diplomatic relationship. By the other side, it was said that the support was offered by the Republic of China (Taiwan) considered as a friend of Honduras. It is understood that Honduras needs to carry out this Project; however, apprehension is perceived among Honduras citizens. Most of them are not compatible Continental China political ideology. Hondurans think that it is even weirder that this contract was signed up during an Administration conducted by the National Party, the most conservative party of Honduras. It is even more surprising the recent report transmitted by TN5, a local TV news program. The news reported declares since Beijing Bank has not given the offered amount, the Honduras State will look for other financer to execute Patuca III. Due to this action the construction has been stopped since 2013. To Honduras people, Patuca III do not justify accepting an economical aid from a country whose political system differ from Honduras’. Informers judge that Taiwan has always been in disaster produced by either nature or man phenomena, as well as during periods of political instability. According to them, harmony with long time friend countries is more important than building a dam that although necessary, will not solve Honduras electricity problems: but it will affect nature reserves and international declared protected areas that surround the region where the dam will be constructed. Besides being commercial and financial important influential, Honduras Chinese colony is large. Most of his members came from Continental China; they did not come from Formosa Island. Even though the first Chinese came running away either from Opium wars or Taiping rebellion , the ones arriving since 1930s (a larger amount than the first immigrants) escaped from communist regime imposed by Mao Tse-tung and the subsequent internals wars hold between nationalists and rebels. In other wars, they are not communist countries partisans. These immigrants are worried about Beijing desired of supporting non communist Latin-American countries, Honduras in special. Having three terrestrial borders; ten sea borders; and excellent nature docks in Caribbean sea, as well as the Fonseca Gulf, Honduras occupies a strategic position in Central-American isthmus. There is a lack of things in terms of industrial exploitation and international market competitiveness. Common citizens wonder: What can Honduras give in return? What kind of benefit will China perceive? Even worse what kind of risk will Honduras face accepting the financial aid from Beijing? What will happen with Taiwan? Since there is no free lunch, Honduras must know the consequences of the offer, the cost and the disposition of Honduras actual Administration of paying the price.
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Bowman, Kaye. "Rural electrification in Papua New Guinea : an assessment of a pilot micro-hydroelectricity project." Phd thesis, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/130119.
Full textAbstract:
The study presented here is an investigation of rural electrification in Papua New Guinea using a case method approach. The case study rural electricity scheme is a two-stage pilot micro- hydroelectricity project located in the remote Nabak Region of Morobe and known as the Umbang-Baindoang project. Both stages of the project are described and their short-term socio-economic impacts are assessed and compared with the likely impacts of other rural development projects with which they were competing.
The planning and management aspects of the project were divided into four main phases: 1) planning, appraisal and design; 2) selection,
appraisal and activation; 3) operation, control and handover; and 4) evaluation and refinement. Specific tasks were further identified within each of the four phases and each task and phase was evaluated in terms of its influence on project outcomes. This thesis shows that the tasks associated with implementing both stages of the Umbang-Baindoang micro-hydroelectricity project were performed satisfactorily and that the two project managers who were appointed to oversee this phase of the scheme, one from the host agency and the other from the local community, were central to its success. The study provides details on the skills and attributes they each possessed to perform their jobs well. The villagers who filled the technical and managerial positions in the completed project were found not to have performed their jobs well because the complementary training programmes which they required were not provided by the host agency. Having recognised the need for more emphasis to be placed on project operation and maintenance in the future, the planning and management framework used in the present study has been refined to include a new phase, called project sustainment, between phases 3 and 4. The specific tasks associated with the new phase are identified and discussed in some detail.
The pattern of use of electricity in both Umbang, which received electricity in Stage 1 of the project, and Baindoang, which received electricity in Stage 2, support the hypothesis that the introduction of electricity to a rural community will affect different social groups in widely divergent ways. From the assessment made of the impacts of electricity on the Umbang and Baindoang communities it was concluded that careful attention should be paid to the interests of at least three social groups; 1) women, 2) young men and 3) older men. The learning experiences, lifestyles and social status of those three social groups are different and these factors, plus levels of incomes, interact together to determine the impact of electricity on an individual. Overall, it was concluded that the benefits associated with electricity end-use applications in both Umbang and Baindoang were not large and that the needs of the communities would have been better served by some other kind of rural infrastructure project (in Umbang) and rural energy project (in Baindoang). The case-study thus supports the suggestion raised in Papua New Guinea's White Paper on Energy that electricity may not be a high priority need among rural communities. It emphasises the need for rural electrification proposals to be appraised in a broad rural development framework and funded only after the opportunity costs have been carefully considered and compared.
The thesis includes a detailed discussion of the policy implications of the Umbang-Baindoang micro-hydroelectricity project. It notes that rural electrification project appraisal teams will need to be multidisciplinary if they are to assess properly, along with the community itself, the most pressing requirements of that community. It also notes that, in cases where electrification is determined to be the most desirable development option, the most outstanding policy question is Papua New Guinea's capacity to provide the requisite technical and administrative support. It discusses possible organisational structures. It concludes that the implementation of justifiable rural electrification projects on a sustainable basis will require the coordinated inputs of various individuals and organisations involved in rural development work and that the need for the establishment of effective and strong communication channels between the various organisations remains paramount.
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Desbiens, Caroline. "Power from the north : the poetics and politics of energy in Québec." Thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/12941.
Full textAbstract:
In 1971, Robert Bourassa, then Premier of Quebec, launched a major
hydroelectric scheme to be built 1400 km North of Montreal. Known as the
"James Bay" project, the first phase included the creation of eight
powerhouses, six reservoirs and the diversion of two rivers. These
transformations necessarily impacted the local Cree people; a territorial
agreement partly compensated them but remains controversial to this day.
While northern communities overwhelmingly bear the ecological cost of
the project, the bulk of James Bay energy flows south to the industrial
centers of Quebec, Ontario and the U.S. The assertion then that "James Bay
belongs to all the Quebecois" which was meant to ease political tensions
about the project begs the question, "Who are the Quebecois" and how do
the Crees fit within such a community?
This thesis explore that question by looking at the Quebecois cultural
production of territory and its resources in the north. If James Bay was out
of reach, it was never out of view. Media and political discourses reiterated
key elements of a Quebecois cultural relationship to place, some of which
are contained in the rural literature known as the roman de la terre.
Several elements of this literature and its broader context were
recontextualized in James Bay, particularly as they pertained to the will to
occupy the land and develop natural resources. This was an important
aspect of making James Bay - a land historically inhabited by the Crees -
into a "Quebecois" national landscape. I suggest that this process was
largely rooted in representations of nature that sought to bind it with
nation and national identity. Thus James Bay demonstrates the close
connection between identity and environmental struggles. For the
Quebecois, the access to James Bay was supported by a territorial discourse
that performed their own cultural past. This provoked an organized
resistance from the Crees which constituted them as a modern political
unit. A look at the cultural geography of the region highlights the political
scales created in the accessing of resources that render their equitable and
sustainable use more difficult to achieve.
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Valente, Luís Filipe da Mota. "Desenvolvimento de um mecanismo automatizado de limpeza de uma grelha de uma barragem mini-hídrica." Master's thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/40179.
Full textAbstract:
Dissertação de mestrado integrado em Engenharia MecânicaVivendo-se, atualmente, num ambiente socioeconómico extremamente competitivo e consciente, que é cada vez mais carente de elevadas eficiências de processo, é essencial uma constante implementação de qualquer tipo de melhoria a todos os níveis. Sendo esta uma realidade comum à maioria dos setores, no campo das energias renováveis trata-se de um aspeto fulcral. Quer o desenvolvimento de processos altamente eficientes, quer a produção de mecanismos que permitam manter a eficiência processual pretendida são pontos com bastante destaque e amplamente estudados. O tema desta dissertação está intrinsecamente ligado a esta necessidade, é projetada e apresentada, uma forma de, através de um mecanismo automatizado externo, se assegurar a manutenção dos níveis de produção energética de uma turbina de uma central elétrica mini-hídrica. O processo de manutenção da produção energética da turbina, nada mais é que a limpeza, por meio de uma pá polimérica, da grelha que executa a filtragem do fluído em movimento. Todo o projeto é assente em literatura analisada bem como no parecer e apoio de ambos os tutores deste projeto, sendo o curso dos desenvolvimentos comandado pelos fundamentos do projeto mecânico.
Due to the fact that we currently live in a highly competitive and conscious socioeconomic environment, which has an increasing need of high process efficiency, it’s essential to maintain a constant search for improvement at all levels. Since this is a reality common to most sectors, in the field of renewable energies it is a key aspect, therefore whether the development of highly efficient processes or the production of machinery that allows to maintain the processual efficiency are factors extensively studied The theme of this dissertation is inextricably linked to this need. It is thus, projected and displayed, a way, through an external automated mechanism, to ensure the maintenance of energy production levels of a turbine for a mini-hydroelectric power plant. The process of maintaining the energy production of the turbine, is nothing more than cleaning, by means of a polymeric shovel, the grille that performs the filtering of the moving fluid. The whole project is based on well founded and acclaimed literature as well as on the advice and support of both guardians of this project, making the course of development led by the fundamentals of the mechanical design.
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Rosa, Michel Fernandes da. "Os Atingidos de Belo Monte: experiências de sofrimento e agravos à saúde no contexto de um megaprojeto hidroelétrico na Amazônia brasileira." Doctoral thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/31193.
Full textAbstract:
Tese de doutoramento em Sociologia, apresentada à Faculdade de Economia da Universidade de CoimbraA presente tese consiste em um estudo sociológico a partir do caso da Usina Hidroelétrica Belo Monte, em construção no Estado do Pará, na Amazônia brasileira. O objetivo deste estudo foi dedicar um olhar para a questão da saúde a partir da perspectiva das populações atingidas pelo megaprojeto hidroelétrico. O trabalho inicia com uma apresentação do histórico dos projetos de barramento do rio Xingu, em meados dos anos 1970. Dos primeiros estudos da bacia hidrográfica do Xingu até o início da obra de Belo Monte passaram-se aproximadamente trinta anos e, durante esse período, muitas polémicas e disputas envolveram as populações atingidas, políticos, intelectuais, artistas, cientistas, ativistas e movimentos sociais. Também é discutido nesta tese o modelo de desenvolvimento económico brasileiro, para se compreender como se dá a opção pela construção de grandes projetos de infraestrutura, como é o caso de Belo Monte. A partir dessa primeira abordagem ao megaprojeto, passo a dar ênfase à perspectiva das populações atingidas por Belo Monte. Para tanto, foi necessário, primeiramente, conhecer melhor o universo de populações atingidas, compostas por populações urbanas, rurais, comunidades ribeirinhas e indígenas. Através do trabalho empírico realizado em Brasília/DF e Altamira/PA, foi possível conhecer e reconhecer a diversidade dessas populações e, assim identificar algumas questões importantes que não foram objeto de debate com o poder público e o empreendedor. É o que Boaventura de Sousa Santos (2006) chama de produções de não existência, ou invisibilidades. A utilização da matriz teórica das epistemologias do Sul (Santos, 2002) permitiu o reconhecimento dessas invisibilidades, isto é, permitiu ver como as alterações no ambiente e nos modos de vidas das populações atingidas por Belo Monte afetam a saúde e a qualidade de vida destas. É a partir dessa lente que se dedica o olhar para a saúde das populações atingidas, e a problematização dessa questão é realizada nesta tese tendo como protagonistas as próprias populações atingidas. Assim foi identificado como um dos problemas relevantes decorrentes da construção da Usina Hidroelétrica Belo Monte a relação entre o sofrimento sentido pelas populações atingidas e o surgimento de agravos à saúde. O sofrimento difuso é um conceito desenvolvido por Valla (2001) que será discutido nesta tese na medida em que é constatado como uma consequência de Belo Monte invisibilizada. Isto porque não foi previsto ou discutido como uma possibilidade, nem no Estudo de Impacto Ambiental (EIA), nem no seu respectivo Relatório de Impacto Ambiental (Rima). Também não foi percebido como uma situação merecedora de atenção por parte do órgão fiscalizador responsável pela conceção das licenças que permitiram Belo Monte ser construída, o Ibama. Ainda, a relação entre o sofrimento e os agravos à saúde das populações atingidas não foi alvo de políticas públicas na área da saúde pública. Dessa forma, pretende este trabalho contribuir para a discussão sobre a saúde das populações atingidas pelo megaprojeto Belo Monte, a partir do reconhecimento das populações atingidas como detentoras e produtoras de conhecimento relevante. ~This thesis consists of a sociological study from the case of Belo Monte Hydroelectric Power Plant, under construction in the State of Pará, in the Brazilian Amazon. The aim of this study was to dedicate a look at the issue of health from the perspective of the people affected by hydroelectric megaproject. The work begins with a presentation of the history of the Xingu River dam projects in the mid-1970s From the first studies of the watershed of the Xingu to the early work of Belo Monte it took about thirty years and during this period, many controversies and disputes involving the populations concerned, politicians, intellectuals, artists, scientists, activists and social movements. It is also discussed in this thesis the Brazilian model of economic development, to understand how is the option for the construction of large infrastructure projects, such as the case of Belo Monte. From this first approach to megaproject, then I give emphasis to the perspective of populations affected by Belo Monte. Therefore, it was necessary, firstly, to know the universe of affected populations, composed of urban, rural populations, coastal communities and indigenous people. Through the empirical work done in Brasilia / DF and Altamira / PA, it was possible to know and recognize the diversity of these populations and thus identify some important issues that were not subject to discussion with the government and the entrepreneur. It's what Boaventura de Sousa Santos (2006) calls invisibilities. Using the theoretical framework of South epistemologies (Santos, 2002) allowed the recognition of these invisibilities, allowed to see how changes in the environment and ways of life of the populations affected by Belo Monte affect the health and quality of life of that people. It is from this lens that is dedicated to looking at the health of the populations, and the questioning of this issue is carried out in this thesis having as protagonists the affected populations themselves. Thus it was identified as one of the relevant issues arising from the construction of the Belo Monte Hydroelectric Plant the relationship between the suffering experienced by the affected populations and the emergence of health problems. The diffuse suffering is a concept developed by Valla (2001) which will be discussed in this thesis since it is found as a result of Belo Monte. This is because it was not planned or discussed as a possibility, or the Environmental Impact Study (EIA), or in their respective Environmental Impact Report (RIMA). It was also not perceived as a worthy position of attention by the supervisory body responsible for the design of the licenses that allowed Belo Monte is built, the Ibama. Also, the relationship between suffering and health problems of the affected population was not the target of public policies in the field of public health. Thus, this work aims to contribute to the discussion on the health of populations affected by Belo Monte mega-project, from the recognition of the people affected as having relevant knowledge.
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) - Nº BEX 1749-13-7