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Chaudhuri, A. K. "Viscous Hydrodynamic Model for Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions." Advances in High Energy Physics 2013 (2013): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/693180.
Viscous hydrodynamical modeling of relativistic heavy ion collisions has been highly successful in explaining bulk of the experimental data in RHIC and LHC energy collisions. We briefly review viscous hydrodynamics modeling of high energy nuclear collisions. Basic ingredients of the modeling, the hydrodynamic equations, relaxation equations for dissipative forces, are discussed. Hydrodynamical modeling being a boundary value problem, we discuss the initial conditions, freeze-out process. We also show representative simulation results in comparison with experimental data. We also discuss the recent developments in event-by-event hydrodynamics.
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Lebed, Igor V. "Derivation of the Multimoment Hydrodynamics Equations for a Gas Mixture." Applied Physics Research 8, no. 4 (July 29, 2016): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/apr.v8n4p103.
<p class="1Body">The equations for pair distribution functions are used to derive the multimoment hydrodynamics equations for gas mixture. The gas mixture pair distribution functions are specified. The equations for pair functions are derived directly from the general statistical mechanics concepts. The basic property of the pair functions is established. In conformity with basic property, these functions remain unchanged in time along the trajectory of the center of inertia of a pair. The basic property of the pair distribution functions reveals the existence of an infinite number of principle hydrodynamic values. Multimoment hydrodynamics equations are constructed using 3L+4 principle hydrodynamic values, where is the number of gas mixture components. Just these principle values specify measurable moments. The measurable moments are represented by linear combination of principle and non-principle hydrodynamic values. The general structure of constructed multimoment conservation laws is identical to the structure of appropriate multimoment conservation laws in a gas of identical particles. Each of the multimoment conservation laws is divided into two separate equations. The first group of conservation equations corresponds to convective phenomena. The second group of conservation equations corresponds to dissipative phenomena. Derived multimoment hydrodynamics equations are designed for interpreting the behavior of unstable systems. As is shown previously, classic hydrodynamics equations are incapable of reproducing flows after they lose stability. That is, the solutions to the classic hydrodynamics equations do not find the direction of instability development correctly. The possibility of improvement of classic hydrodynamics equations for a gas mixture is sought on the way toward an increase in the number of principle hydrodynamic values.</p>
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Zhang, Minglu, Xiaoyu Liu, and Ying Tian. "Modeling Analysis and Simulation of Viscous Hydrodynamic Model of Single-DOF Manipulator." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 7, no. 8 (August 9, 2019): 261. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse7080261.
Hydrodynamic modeling is the basis of the precise control research of underwater manipulators. Viscous hydrodynamics, an important part of the hydrodynamic model, directly affects the accuracy of the dynamic model and the control model of the manipulator. Considering the limited research on viscous hydrodynamics of underwater manipulators and the difficulty in measuring viscous hydrodynamic coefficients, the viscous hydrodynamic model in the form of Taylor expansion is analyzed and established. Through carrying out simulation calculations, curve fitting and regression analysis, positional derivatives, rotational derivatives, and coupling derivatives in the viscous hydrodynamic model, are determined. This model provides a crucial theoretical foundation and reference data for subsequent related research.
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Liu, Wenshuai. "Evolution of circumbinary accretion disk around supermassive binary black hole: post-Newtonian hydrodynamics versus Newtonian hydrodynamics." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 504, no. 1 (April 15, 2021): 1473–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab1022.
ABSTRACT We study the evolution of accretion disk around a supermassive binary black hole with equal mass using non-relativistic hydrodynamical simulations performed with FARGO3D. Compared with previous studies with the Newtonian hydrodynamics, here, we adopt the post-Newtonian (PN) hydrodynamics using the near zone metric of the binary black hole. In contrast to the Newtonian investigation, we find that there is a dramatic difference in the PN regime, gap formed by the circumbinary accretion disk around the binary with equal mass is wider with the PN hydrodynamics than that with the Newtonian hydrodynamics and is independent of disk viscosity given that hydrodynamical simulations are run for about the same factor times the viscous timescale associated with different viscosities. This may present unique observable signatures of the continuum emission in such binary-disk system.
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Freiberger, Fabian, Jens Budde, Eda Ateş, Michael Schlüter, Ralf Pörtner, and Johannes Möller. "New Insights from Locally Resolved Hydrodynamics in Stirred Cell Culture Reactors." Processes 10, no. 1 (January 5, 2022): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10010107.
The link between hydrodynamics and biological process behavior of antibody-producing mammalian cell cultures is still not fully understood. Common methods to describe dependencies refer mostly to averaged hydrodynamic parameters obtained for individual cultivation systems. In this study, cellular effects and locally resolved hydrodynamics were investigated for impellers with different spatial hydrodynamics. Therefore, the hydrodynamics, mainly flow velocity, shear rate and power input, in a single- and a three-impeller bioreactor setup were analyzed by means of CFD simulations, and cultivation experiments with antibody-producing Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells were performed at various agitation rates in both reactor setups. Within the three-impeller bioreactor setup, cells could be cultivated successfully at much higher agitation rates as in the single-impeller bioreactor, probably due to a more uniform flow pattern. It could be shown that this different behavior cannot be linked to parameters commonly used to describe shear effects on cells such as the mean energy dissipation rate or the Kolmogorov length scale, even if this concept is extended by locally resolved hydrodynamic parameters. Alternatively, the hydrodynamic heterogeneity was statistically quantified by means of variance coefficients of the hydrodynamic parameters fluid velocity, shear rate, and energy dissipation rate. The calculated variance coefficients of all hydrodynamic parameters were higher in the setup with three impellers than in the single impeller setup, which might explain the rather stable process behavior in multiple impeller systems due to the reduced hydrodynamic heterogeneity. Such comprehensive insights lead to a deeper understanding of the bioprocess.
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Stevens, Ian R. "Colliding stellar winds: X-ray emission and instabilities." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 163 (1995): 486–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900202519.
Colliding stellar winds are an important part of early-type binaries. In this paper I discuss the phenomenon, concentrating mainly on the basic hydrodynamics of colliding winds, and the physics of X-ray emission. The following topics are covered:1) Basic physics: The basic characteristics of the shock-produced thermal X-ray emission, and discuss general trends of X-ray emission from colliding wind binaries (CWBs).2) Hydrodynamic simulations: Recent calculations have found that the interface in colliding winds is usually dynamically unstable, with three distinct instabilities.3) Gamma Velorum: recent ROSAT observations give much insight into colliding winds. I discuss recent hydrodynamic calculations pertaining to these observations.4) Radiation Hydrodynamics in CWBs: Recent calculations have included the effects of both radiation fields on the wind hydrodynamics in colliding wind systems.
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Jaiswal, Amaresh, and Victor Roy. "Relativistic Hydrodynamics in Heavy-Ion Collisions: General Aspects and Recent Developments." Advances in High Energy Physics 2016 (2016): 1–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/9623034.
Relativistic hydrodynamics has been quite successful in explaining the collective behaviour of the QCD matter produced in high energy heavy-ion collisions at RHIC and LHC. We briefly review the latest developments in the hydrodynamical modeling of relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Essential ingredients of the model such as the hydrodynamic evolution equations, dissipation, initial conditions, equation of state, and freeze-out process are reviewed. We discuss observable quantities such as particle spectra and anisotropic flow and effect of viscosity on these observables. Recent developments such as event-by-event fluctuations, flow in small systems (proton-proton and proton-nucleus collisions), flow in ultracentral collisions, longitudinal fluctuations, and correlations and flow in intense magnetic field are also discussed.
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Fletcher, Thomas, John Altringham, Jeffrey Peakall, Paul Wignall, and Robert Dorrell. "Hydrodynamics of fossil fishes." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 281, no. 1788 (August 7, 2014): 20140703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.0703.
From their earliest origins, fishes have developed a suite of adaptations for locomotion in water, which determine performance and ultimately fitness. Even without data from behaviour, soft tissue and extant relatives, it is possible to infer a wealth of palaeobiological and palaeoecological information. As in extant species, aspects of gross morphology such as streamlining, fin position and tail type are optimized even in the earliest fishes, indicating similar life strategies have been present throughout their evolutionary history. As hydrodynamical studies become more sophisticated, increasingly complex fluid movement can be modelled, including vortex formation and boundary layer control. Drag-reducing riblets ornamenting the scales of fast-moving sharks have been subjected to particularly intense research, but this has not been extended to extinct forms. Riblets are a convergent adaptation seen in many Palaeozoic fishes, and probably served a similar hydrodynamic purpose. Conversely, structures which appear to increase skin friction may act as turbulisors, reducing overall drag while serving a protective function. Here, we examine the diverse adaptions that contribute to drag reduction in modern fishes and review the few attempts to elucidate the hydrodynamics of extinct forms.
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Kodama, T., R. Donangelo, and M. W. Guidry. "Inclusion of Retardation Effects in Hydrodynamical Calculations." International Journal of Modern Physics C 09, no. 05 (July 1998): 745–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129183198000650.
In numerical large-scale hydrodynamics calculations, such as the description of a supernova explosion, instantaneous thermalization of the fluid matter is assumed independently of the size of the volume element used in the calculation. One expects, however, the appearance of transient processes such as convection currents, vortices, and other collective motion on smaller and smaller scales, which can delay equilibration. To account for these effects in a simple one-dimensional hydrodynamical calculation, we introduce retardation in the hydrodynamic equations and show that, when strong shocks are present, such effects may have considerable influence on the evolution of the system.
Phonon hydrodynamics, a collective motion of phonons, has recently attracted renewed attention since its temperature window has been greatly extended in layered materials. The exploration of phonon hydrodynamics bears importance in understanding phonon collective behavior, and its window is crucial for determining the phonon transport regime and engineering the heat transport. Thus, strategies for continuous tuning of the hydrodynamic window are needed, but it remains a challenge. In this work, we demonstrate that the phonon hydrodynamic window in bilayer graphene can be strongly altered by the strain based on theoretical calculations. In particular, the phonon hydrodynamics can be observed at 60 K in unstrained bilayer graphene, while only 0.25% strain can reduce this temperature to 28 K. This strong strain dependence not only provides an efficient way of modulating the phonon collective behavior but also renders a possibility of strain-induced transition of phonon transport regime.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Hydrodynamics":
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Merriam, Susan Carol. "Direct demonstration of self-similarity in a hydrodynamic treatment of polymer self-diffusion." Link to electronic thesis, 2002. http://www.wpi.edu/Pubs/ETD/Available/etd-0501102-142449.
Ulrich, Christian [Verfasser], and Thomas [Akademischer Betreuer] Rung. "Smoothed-particle-hydrodynamics simulation of port hydrodynamic problems / Christian Ulrich. Betreuer: Thomas Rung." Hamburg-Harburg : Universitätsbibliothek der Technischen Universität Hamburg-Harburg, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1048574903/34.
Ulrich, Christian Verfasser], and Thomas [Akademischer Betreuer] [Rung. "Smoothed-particle-hydrodynamics simulation of port hydrodynamic problems / Christian Ulrich. Betreuer: Thomas Rung." Hamburg-Harburg : Universitätsbibliothek der Technischen Universität Hamburg-Harburg, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:830-tubdok-12458.
Renick, Dirk H. "Unsteady propeller hydrodynamics." Thesis, Springfield, Va. : Available from National Technical Information Service, 2001. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA393206.
Floodplain woodlands are valuable environments, providing a diverse habitat for many riparian and land-based species. It is now recognised that the continual loss of floodplain woodland has impoverished the national biodiversity of riparian environments, and measures have been brought in both nationally and through the European Commission to halt the decline. This has however, highlighted a deficiency that has existed for many years in the field of river hydraulics. The representation of complex riparian vegetation environments within river models remains an area not adequately addressed. This research presents experimental investigations into floodplain woodland vegetation, with a view to improving the representation of these vegetations within numerical models. Floodplain woodland hydrodynamics were explored with scaled-down (1:8) stag gered arrays of single stem and multi-stem model trees at planting densities of 8.8, 19.8 and 80.6 plants per m 2. The planting densities investigated correspond to the recommended planting densities cited by the Forestry Commission UK. Roughness factors, including Manning's n, the Darcy-Weisbach friction factor / and the bulk drag coefficient Ca were computed for the different model tree and planting density combinations. Velocity measurements within the arrays were investigated, and a study to determine the optimum sampling strategy was carried out to obtain representative velocity and turbulent kinetic energy measurements within the model tree arrays. The optimum sampling locations for streamwise velocity appeared to be clustered around 0.3 s and 0.7 s, where s is the lateral or longitudinal spacing between the model trees, while for turbulent kinetic energy the optimum location was 0.5 s. Full scale drag force versus velocity tests of floodplain woodland trees were carried out and a drag area parameter CdA.Uo derived. The trees experienced little to no bending at low velocities, with force varying linearly with the square of velocity, while considerable deflection was observed at higher velocities, with force varying linearly with the velocity. Physical parameters including height, diameter, mass and volume of the wood are compared against the drag area parameter, with mass and volume showing a stronger correlation than height or diameter. The increase in the drag area parameter due to the presence of foliage was also investigated. The numerical incorporation of floodplain woodland vegetation is presented with respect to two-dimensional depth-averaged numerical modelling. A reach of the River Laver in North Yorkshire, England was modelled to assess the hydraulic impact of the conversion of arable land to floodplain woodland.
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Hawke, I. "Computational ultrarelativistic hydrodynamics." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.603857.
This thesis studies critical collapse in the early universe as modelled by a Friedman-Robertson-Walker (FRW) spacetime. This differs from most previous studies of critical collapse as the spacetime is not asymptotically flat or approximately stationary. This study allows us to look at the formation of black holes in the early universe. In order to perform this study we consider in depth the numerical methods necessary to study the collapse of an ultrarelativistic fluid. The general solution of the Riemann problem with the ultrarelativistic equation of state is derived, along with previous results. The efficiency and accuracy of different exact and approximate Riemann solvers is compared. The Riemann solvers are then used to implement and test a number of High Resolution Shock Capturing methods. A variety of high order methods are compared using a wide variety of test. The stability, accuracy and efficiency of the methods are the focus of this part of the thesis. These methods are combined with different gridding strategies. The Adaptive Mesh Refinement algorithm is described, together with simpler methods such as an uneven grid. The Adaptive Mesh algorithm is found to have some unexpected problems when the system of equations is not hyperbolic. Finally we look at the behaviour of the collapse of a density perturbation in a FRW spacetime. It is shown that it does not conform to the standard critical collapse scenario. Various explanations for this are discussed, together with the implications for primordial black hole formation.
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Ren, Qilong. "Hydrodynamics of ammonoids." Thesis, University of Bath, 2018. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.760977.
Since its introduction in the late 1970s by Lucy [11] and Gingold and Monaghan [4], smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) has been used in many areas. It has grown into a widely-recognized technique with many practical applications. In this thesis, we present a new application of the SPH method: a new algorithm for computing a null divergence velocity field using SPH for incompressible flow - a pure SPH solution of the Helmholtz-Hodge decomposition. Also, a new version of the Laplacian for SPH is proposed and the advantages and disadvantages of different gradient and Laplacian approximation formulas used in SPH are also discussed. A new treatment of boundary conditions is proposed for the whole solution procedure. Throughout the thesis, a brief historical overview is presented, along with some fundamental notions about SPH and computational fluid dynamics.
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Parameswaran, Gopalkrishnan. "Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics studies of heap leaching hydrodynamics and thermal transport." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/39879.
This thesis is concerned with the development and application of Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) models for studying multiphase flows such as those relevant to the analysis of the hydrodynamics and thermal transport involved in heap leaching. The improvements made here to the modelling aspects of multiphase SPH are seen to bring about measurable improvements to solution quality. A relative density formulation and a 'compressibility-matching' method for handling interfaces eliminate what would otherwise be significant obstacles to obtaining stable and smooth pressure fields. The convergence properties of the formulation are seen to approach the theoretically expected value in SPH. Convergence is also seen to strongly depend on the smoothing length factor used. A factor found to influence error magnitudes that nevertheless does not affect convergence rates is the extent of initial particle disorder. The simplified cases representative of heap leaching hydrodynamics studied through 2D simulations allow an understanding of flow at the particle scale. The significant dependence of mean flow rates in these systems on particle sizes, saturation and contact angle is shown. In 3D, saturated flows through packed beds of spherical particles are presented. Steady-state superficial velocities obtained through simulations, compared with analytical relationships given by Cozeny-Karman and Ergun relations are illustrative of the ability of SPH to reproduce packed bed flows satisfactorily. Subsequently unsaturated regimes encountered at the channel scale are studied qualitatively for saturation values typical of real heaps. A heat transfer model based on a formulation for single-phase SPH developed by Szewc et al. is implemented. The model's performance (in terms of Rayleigh numbers indicative of transition to unsteady convection in differentially heated cavities (DHCs)) is satisfactory when compared with the established single-phase results of Le Quere. Its application to an idealised unsaturated scenario demonstrates its useability for multiphase studies. Finally, an extension is made to the model to account for turbulent regime heat transport. This extension, deriving from one used for finite elements by Chatelain et al. is novel in the SPH context and lets the loss of stratification seen in DHCs at high Rayleigh numbers be predicted with reasonable accuracy.
Gross, Dietmar, Wolfgang Ehlers, Peter Wriggers, Jörg Schröder, and Ralf Müller. "Hydrodynamics." In Dynamics – Formulas and Problems, 227–46. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-53437-3_10.
Basu, Prabir. "Hydrodynamics." In Circulating Fluidized Bed Boilers, 17–47. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-06173-3_2.
Gliklikh, Yuri E. "Hydrodynamics." In Theoretical and Mathematical Physics, 387–414. London: Springer London, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-163-9_16.
Ludu, Andrei. "Hydrodynamics." In Springer Series in Synergetics, 249–85. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-14641-1_10.
Brenig, Wilhelm. "Hydrodynamics." In Statistical Theory of Heat, 142–48. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-74685-7_29.
Liu, Peiqing. "Hydrodynamics." In A General Theory of Fluid Mechanics, 175–295. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-6660-2_3.
Bentli, İ., and M. Kaya. "Flotation hydrodynamics." In The 8th International Mineral Processing Symposium. Taylor & Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203747117-51.
Tsang, Mankei, Demetri Psaltis, Jeffrey H. Shapiro, and Seth Lloyd. "Optical Hydrodynamics." In Frontiers in Optics. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/fio.2008.fwo3.
Louie, David. "MELCOR Hydrodynamics." In Proposed for presentation at the EFCOG Nuclear & Facility Safety Workshop Spring 2022 held February 15-24, 2022 in Washington, DC United States. US DOE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/2002058.
Kawaguchi, Yoichiro. "Hydrodynamics ocean." In SIGGRAPH07: Special Interest Group on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques Conference. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1280120.1280162.
Gadd, G. E. "Far Field Waves Made By High Speed Ferries." In Hydrodynamics for High Speed Craft. RINA, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.3940/rina.hs.1999.05.
Warren, N., and J. Keesmar. "Practical Design Aspects In The Hydrodynamics of Fast Craft." In Hydrodynamics for High Speed Craft. RINA, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.3940/rina.hs.1999.15.
Stumbo, Stan, Larry Elliot, and Kenneth Fox. "An Assessment of Wake Wash Reduction of Fast Ferries at Supercritical Froude Numbers and at Optimized Trim." In Hydrodynamics of High Speed Craft. RINA, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3940/rina.hs.2000.04.
Garme, Karl, and Anders Rosen. "Experimental Pressure Investigation on a High-Speed Craft in Waves." In Hydrodynamics of High Speed Craft. RINA, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3940/rina.hs.2000.18.
Robinson, J. "Performance Prediction of Chine and Round Bilge Hull Forms." In Hydrodynamics for High Speed Craft. RINA, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.3940/rina.hs.1999.14.
Boghosian, Bruce M. Lattice Hydrodynamics. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada387925.
R. Paul Drake. Annual Report: Hydrodynamics and Radiative Hydrodynamics with Astrophysical Applications. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/861438.
Hull, Lawrence Mark. Materials Aware Hydrodynamics. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1479878.
Hornung, R. D., J. A. Keasler, and M. B. Gokhale. Hydrodynamics challenge problem. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1117905.
R. Paul Drake. Annual Report 2006 for Hydrodynamics and Radiation Hydrodynamics with Astrophysical Applications. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/912634.
Cerutti, J. H., D. B. Kothe, and S. J. Mosso. Low-speed flow hydrodynamics. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/515636.
