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Academic literature on the topic 'Hydrocolloïdes – Perméabilité'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Hydrocolloïdes – Perméabilité"
Lanel, Béatrice. "Gonflement et perméabilité à la vapeur des pansements hydrocolloïdes." Compiègne, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997COMPD989.
Full textGoutay, Natacha. "Adhésion stable en milieu humide de pansements dits "hydrocolloïdes"." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066019/document.
Full textHydrocolloid wound dressings are commonly used for the care of highly exuding wounds. They allow to control the wound moisture, while avoiding the water accumulation which could lead to bacterial proliferation between the dressing and the skin. Two antagonist properties appear to be required: an adhesive function to maintain the dressing on the skin, and high water absorption and permeability to control the humidity level and promote healing. To achieve both properties, heterogeneous systems are used : the adhesion is ensured by an hydrophobic adhesive matrix, made of an elastomer modified by plasticizers and tackifying resins, the regulation of the humidity relies on fine dry hydrophilic particles, made of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), dispersed within the matrix. A major issue of these wound dressings is to maintain a long term skin adhesion. However a loss of adhesion is often observed after a long contact with water. This PhD work aims at a better understanding the origin of this loss of adhesion through the study of the hydrophobic matrix mechanical properties, its interactions with the hydrophilic particles and water transport. Replacing the CMC by tailor-made hydrogel particles allowed to a systematic study of the impact of the physico-chemical properties of the hydrophilic phase on the absorption, the permeability and the adhesion of the hydrocolloid-based adhesives
Goutay, Natacha. "Adhésion stable en milieu humide de pansements dits "hydrocolloïdes"." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066019.
Full textHydrocolloid wound dressings are commonly used for the care of highly exuding wounds. They allow to control the wound moisture, while avoiding the water accumulation which could lead to bacterial proliferation between the dressing and the skin. Two antagonist properties appear to be required: an adhesive function to maintain the dressing on the skin, and high water absorption and permeability to control the humidity level and promote healing. To achieve both properties, heterogeneous systems are used : the adhesion is ensured by an hydrophobic adhesive matrix, made of an elastomer modified by plasticizers and tackifying resins, the regulation of the humidity relies on fine dry hydrophilic particles, made of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), dispersed within the matrix. A major issue of these wound dressings is to maintain a long term skin adhesion. However a loss of adhesion is often observed after a long contact with water. This PhD work aims at a better understanding the origin of this loss of adhesion through the study of the hydrophobic matrix mechanical properties, its interactions with the hydrophilic particles and water transport. Replacing the CMC by tailor-made hydrogel particles allowed to a systematic study of the impact of the physico-chemical properties of the hydrophilic phase on the absorption, the permeability and the adhesion of the hydrocolloid-based adhesives
Martin, Polo Martha Obdulia. "Influence de la nature et de la structure de films et d'enrobages alimentaires sur le transfert de vapeur d'eau." Dijon, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991DIJOS066.
Full textDe, chateauneuf-Randon Sixtine. "Membranes d'hydrogel pour une filtration sélective." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024SORUS255.
Full textHydrogels are hydrophilic polymer materials that retain large amounts of water while maintaining a three- dimensional structure, making them suitable for biomedical and filtration applications. This manuscript focuses on hydrogel membranes made from polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA) crosslinked by UV in the presence of polyethylene glycol (PEG) chains and a photoinitiator. PEGDA/PEG membranes are selected for their me- chanical robustness and high permeability, which can be adjusted based on the concentration and molecular weight of PEG. An important feature of these membranes is that the PEG chains remain trapped in the ma- trix, allowing them to be functionalized for selective filtration. Our study shows that PEGDA/PEG membranes can selectively retain small molecules forming hydrogen bonds. We also functionalize the membranes with polyacrylic acid (PAA) to make them selective for positively charged dyes. PEGDA/PEG/PAA membranes prove effective in retaining methylene blue and rhodamine B. The selectivity of these membranes is reversible by adjusting the pH, allowing them to be rinsed and reused. Structural analysis of the membranes by small- angle neutron scattering (SANS) reveals that the PEG chains maintain a local gaussian structure within the PEGDA matrix, but with larger radii of gyration and correlation lengths than in solution, suggesting topolo- gical constraints such as chemical grafting or entanglements. A key observation is that the surface-to-volume ratio of the PEGDA matrix decreases with the addition of PEG, indicating the formation of larger cavities, which explains the observed increase in permeability. When the PEG concentration exceeds a certain critical value (C∗), the surface-to-volume ratio increases, suggesting a decrease in the size of the water cavities and consequently in permeability. We also develop a theoretical model to predict the permeability of PEGDA/PEG hydrogels as a function of the molecular weight and concentration of PEG for C < C∗, which corresponds well with experimental measurements
Salmon, Damien. "Usage biopharmaceutique in vitro combiné des hydrogels thermoréversibles et d’une cellule de diffusion innovante." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE1056/document.
Full textBiopharmacy studies the outcomes of contact between a medicine and its administration site epithelium, thus determining active compound bioavailability. Hence, biopharmaceutical studies are paramount to drug development processes. Biopharmaceutical data are obtained in vitro using experimental devices (i.e., diffusion cells) but show high variability. To overcome this limitation we development a new experimental device, called VitroPharma, meant to optimize the study of epithelial permeability. Distinctiveness of this innovating diffusion cell is due to substitution of classical liquid receptor medium with semi-solid medium.In this work, validation studies of VitroPharma are detailed including (i) finite and (ii) infinite dosing protocols using (i) biological membrane (i.e., pig ear skin) and (ii) artificial silicone membrane, respectively. Three different types of receptor medium are employed: (i) liquid medium, (ii) semi-solid medium (i.e., 2% agarose hydrogel) and (iii) thermogelifying medium (i.e., 20% poloxamer 407 hydrogel). Caffeine and testosterone are used as model compounds. Permeability results are displayed and compared to that obtained using reference Franz static diffusion cell.Furthermore, two experimental pitfalls often mentioned but scarcely studied in literature are evaluated, that is (i) bubble formation at the membrane-receptor medium interface and (ii) biological membrane hydration modification over assay time. VitroPharma combined to thermogelifying receptor medium was found efficient (i) in reducing bubble formation and (ii) enabling control of biological membrane water content.Therefore, VitroPharma appears adapted to the in vitro study of epithelial permeability, enabling (i) easy handling, (ii) optimized experimental parameters and (iii) dual penetration and permeation determination. To conclude this work, examples of clinical outcomes that could advantageously use VitroPharma are presented
Demianenko, Pavlo. "Développement de matériaux polymères à haute perméabilité d’oxygène." Thesis, Le Mans, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LEMA1008/document.
Full textTo design a material for contact lens application, the candidate materials must satisfy several requirements, including theoptical transparency, the chemical and thermal stability. In addition, since the material is directly in contact with the eyetissue, it should be tear wettable, biocompatible, biofouling resistant and oxygen permeable. Oxygen permeability (Dk) isan important parameter for the contact lens design as it is representative of the lens ability to diffuse oxygen at the eye.In this context, we are following two ways for a new formulation answering to these constrains. First, this research is focusedon the simultaneous or two-step synthesis of IPNs (interpenetrating polymer network) as a means to obtain a cocontinuousphases structure. Among the available biocompatible monomers, the work was initially focused on the achievement of IPN's based on a fluorinated acrylate - TFEM (2,2,2-trifluoroethyl methacrylate) and the 1 -vinyl-2 -pyrrolidone (NVP). Such a system is compared to IPN's based on a siloxane monomer - TRIS (3 - [tris (trimethylsiloxy) silyl] propyl methacrylate]), well known in the field of contact lens thanks to its properties of oxygen transport. These systems are chosen as a reference. In a second part, our research was concentrated on the development of IPN based on alginate and polyacrylamide which have demonstrated attractive properties for biomedical applications, especially their mechanical properties. Several formulations of biocompatible hydrogels were prepared and the influence of their composition on the interest properties is described. These hydrogels are characterized from a chemical point of view by FTIR spectroscopy and GC-MS chromatography, from themorphological point of view by SEM microscopy in order to prove the presence of co-continuous phases. The mechanicalproperties were also investigated. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was used to determine and quantify theabsorbed water in its various thermodynamic states. The oxygen permeability was measured by polarographicelectrochemical method and relations between this parameter and gel swelling and structural properties discussed. Anotherpart of the project is computational simulation of hydrogel systems and its physico-chemical properties. Especially, wewere focused on modeling of various physic-chemical processes in hydrogels such as their swelling in water anddiffusion of gases molecules. We used molecular dynamics method (MD) with the COMPASS force field to be able tomodel polymer systems widely used in contact lens field
Alaa, Eddine Malak. "Porous PEGDA/PEG hydrogel membranes : Permeability, Filtration and Structure." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023SORUS031.
Full textHydrogels, which are networks of polymer chains in water, are characterized by porous and hydrophilic structures that make them in principle advantageous materials used in the field of filtration. Controlling the transport of solute and particle in such polymer networks can be achieved by controlling their microscopic morphology and porosity. In this thesis, we design free-standing composite hydrogel membranes based on the polymerization of poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate PEGDA in the presence of poly(ethylene glycol) PEG chains. We investigate the effect of PEG concentration and molecular weight on the water permeability properties as well as the selectivity of PEGDA/PEG composite membranes and their link with their structural properties. We show that the PEG chains remain irreversibly trapped in the PEGDA matrix even after several filtration cycles which contradicts existing literature reporting the use of PEG chains as templating agents to induce porosity in cross-linked matrices. We observe that the addition of PEG chains, with different concentrations and molecular weights, allows to tune the water permeability of the PEGDA/PEG hydrogel systems over several orders of magnitude. We show that the permeability presents a maximum with the overlap concentration of PEG chains, which is a robust phenomenon observed for several molecular weights. In addition, we investigate the selectivity of the PEGDA/PEG membranes by filtering polystyrene particles of different sizes. Our results suggest that the presence of PEG chains in the PEGDA matrix provide some local nanoscale defects in the cross-linking density that may control the permeation of particles and water across the samples
Ben, Messaoud Ghazi. "Structuration et contrôle de l’architecture de capsules à coeur liquide à base d’hydrogel d’alginate par association de biopolymères." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LORR0327/document.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to study the physicochemical properties of alginate liquid-core capsules and to control their permeability and mechanical properties by biopolymers blending. These millimeter-scale size capsules are prepared by a reverse spherification process by dripping a solution of calcium chloride into an alginate gelling bath. In a first work, the influence of polymers used to control capsule liquid-core viscosity (thickening agent) during capsules preparation on permeability and mechanical stability of the alginate membrane was investigated. The mechanical properties of capsules were correlated with viscoelastic properties of plane alginate hydrogels characterized by small amplitude oscillatory shear rheology. In a second work, composite capsules with a membrane of sodium caseinate / alginate were developed and showed improved stability and pH-dependent release of a dye used as a model molecule. As a perspective, composite alginate/sodium caseinate microspheres with different architectures were developed and their effectiveness was tested against three anionic dyes. This type of system has applications in the removal of dyes from industrial wastewater by an adsorption mechanism. Finally, the influence of shellac incorporation in alginate membrane or as an external coating layer resulted in enhanced physicochemical properties and decreased membrane permeability against low molecular weight molecules (riboflavin in this case). Alginate capsules have a wide range of applications ranging from molecular gastronomy to biotechnology which requires a better understanding and control of their physicochemical properties according to the target application
Minier, Nicolas. "Development of an organ-on-chip microfluidic device incorporating an actuatable hydrogel layer to produce barrier tissue mimicries on chips." Thesis, Compiègne, 2021. https://bibliotheque.utc.fr/Default/doc/SYRACUSE/2021COMP2644.
Full textModern day ethics and laws call for more safety and use of fewer animals in biomedical research. It became crucial to develop novel in vitro devices of higher relevance. Since the end of the twentieth century, several systems have been proposed by researchers in attempts to palliate the shortcomings of current systems. Notably, organs-on-chip systems are specifically tailored to recapitulate tissue functions in a manner that remains easily accessible for the experimenter. Despite the significant improvements that were brought during the last century to in vitro cell and tissue culture systems, the field of bioengineering is still young and much progress remains to be done. The work presented here details the development of an organ-on-chip that includes a biocompatible and actuatable hydrogel membrane, with controlled physico-chemical properties. Such chip is relevant when hosting barrier tissues, which are composed of several cell types, disposed on each side of a barrier, as well as within its bulk, and are often submitted to mechanical stimuli. During this PhD, several objectives have been attained. Notably, we: - Designed and produced an organ-on-chip including a biocompatible and actuatable hydrogel layer, as well as a microfluidic system allowing the independent control of both flow and actuation. - Characterized the deformation of the hydrogel layer. - Cultured intestinal cells within the chip, which formed a three dimensionally structure epithelium, and characterized its apparent permeability to molecules of varying sizes