Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Hydrocharia'
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Kanashiro, Claudia. "Estudo morfológico da placenta de capivara (Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris): terço inicial." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10132/tde-28022007-112909/.
Full textCapybara (Hydrochaeirs hydrochaeris), largest rodent, belongs to the suborder of the Hystricomorpha, which characteristically possesses subplacenta. Aiming to describe the development of the placenta during early gestation, it was analyzed seven control and three pregnant uterus and its placentas (n=9), which were fixed in a 10% PBS formol solution; the animals were acquired at the Panamby-Porã abattoir. Gross anatomically, the uterus was doubled presenting one vaginal ostium in the cervix; in the uterus of pregnant females it is observed swelling regions that represents the placenta, which is implanted in the mesometrial face, being connected to the anti-mesometrial face by white streaks. The fetuses crow-rump classification ? 11.5mm, 55mm and 58cm ? signaled different gestational periods. The capsular decidua (3-5 mm) involves the placental set and becomes more delicate and transparent during the pregnancy. The embryos are packed by the amnion, and are ventrally connected to the principal placenta by the umbilical cord. Placental regions were identified: capsular and basal decidua, visceral and parietal vitelline placenta, amnion, principal placenta and subplacenta. The inversion of the yolk sac was characterized by the parietal and visceral vitelline placenta. The principal placenta was discoid and lobulated. The lobules aroused in the fetal face and developed in direction to the center of the principal placenta. The positive immune labeling to citokeratin in the syncytium trophoblast and of vimetin in the capillar endothelium proved a labyrinth formation. The subplacenta aroused along the interface of the main placenta and the basal decidua and it is composed by lobules of positives citokeratin syncytium trophoblast disposed over the well developed vascular mesenchima. These results demonstrate that the placentation of the capybara is similar to guinea-pig, paca, agouti and mocó descriptions.
Caldas, Jose Carlos de Freitas Garcia. "Diagnose especifica do sangue de "hydrochaeris hydrochaeris" e sua importancia pericial." [s.n.], 2002. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/288338.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
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Resumo: O presente trabalho teve como objetivo selecionar um método para identificação de animais, fornecendo subsídios indispensáveis para a caracterização ou descaracterização de crime, tanto na matança de animais silvestres como torturas de animais domésticos, ambos protegidos por lei, bem como verificar a cristalização da hemoglobina, mais precisamente da oxihemoglobina, em sangue "in natura", com anticoagulante e coagulado de capivaras. Esta é a mais delicada prova das diferenças de constituição química da hemoglobina, pois se acompanha da diferença de estrutura física. Aliado a isto, esta técnica possui baixo custo de implantação, rapidez na obtenção dos resultados, por ser de fácil preparação e manejo. No presente trabalho foram utilizadas preparações modificadas de COSTA (1933). Após a compilação e análise dos dados verificou-se que a quantidade, o tamanho, a cor, o local e o contorno do cristal não estão associados ao sexo do animal e que a quantidade de cristal depende da técnica empregada, sendo a técnica 2 (sangue fresco oxalatado é centrifugado, o sedimento é laqueado pela saponina; junta-se sulfato de sódio, agita-se energicamente e em seguida centrifuga-se durante 10 minutos na velocidade 4 ) a que produz mais cristais. Observou-se também que das técnicas empregadas, nenhuma influenciou o contorno do cristal obtido. Das técnicas utilizadas constatou-se que a técnica de n° 02 é a que produz cristais maiores, com coloração mais intensa (rosa intenso) e com distribuição regular na lâmina. Também .observou-se que a quantidade, o tamanho e a localização do cristal não estão associados à utilização ou não do luto, somente após 48 horas com luto, houve influência na coloração e no contorno dos cristais
Abstract: The present work had as objective to select a method for identification of animaIs, supplying indispensable subsidies the characterization or descaracterização of crime, as much in the slaughter of wild animais as tortures of domestic animaIs, both proteges for law, as wel/ as verifying the crystallization of the hemoglobina, more necessarily of the oxihemoglobina, in blood " in natura ", with anticoagulant and coagulado of capivaras. This verification of the crystallization, aimed at to supply to the professionals, invested in the skillful function, daily pay-establishing the probable limits of this important test-of-certainty, consisting in a great al/y of Justice, it wants Civilian, or Criminal. This is the most delicate test of the differences of chemical constitution of the hemoglobina, therefore it is accompanied by of the difference of physical structure. AI/y to this, this technique possesss low cost of implantation, rapidity in the attainment of the results, for being of easy red tape and handling. In the present work modified red tapes of Coast had been used. After the compilation and analysis of the data were verified that the amount, the size, the color, the place and the contour of the crystal are not assoei ates to the sex of the animal and that the amount of crystal depends on the used technique, being technique 2 (blood cool oxalatado are centrifugado, the sediment are laqueado by the saponina; sodium sulphate is joined, is agitated energicamente and after that centrifuga during 10 minutes in 4 speed) the one that produced more crystals. It was also observed that of the used techniques, none influenced the contour of the gotten crystal. Of the used techniques one evidenced that the technique of n° 02 is the one that obtia bigger crystals, with more intense coloration (pink intense) and with regular distribution in the blade. Also one observed that the amount, the size and the location of the crystal are not assoei ates to the use or of 1 do not fight it, after 48 hours with 1 only fight, had influence in the coloration and the contour of crystals
Mestrado
Mestre em Odontologia Legal e Deontologia
Pinto, Gustavo Romeiro Mainardes. "Contagem de fezes como índice de abundância de capivaras (Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/91/91131/tde-27092004-143115/.
Full textThe capybara is a wild species that would be favored by the conversion of the forest areas to farmlands, becoming abundant. Such overpopulation causes conflicts, especially due to agricultural damages and risks of transmission of illnesses. However, this species presents a great potential in both aspects: zootechnical and economical. As a result, apparently, the most sustainable productive system would be the extensive one. In order to supply technical subsidies to this system, surveying of populations become necessary. One of the survey methods most used in capybara populations is the direct counting that is usually adopted in ecosystems predominantly herbaceous. However, this methodology relies in some problems. It presents low efficiency in dense forested areas as well as in dealing with fearful capybara individuals. Thus, we proposed in this study a surveying method as an alternative to the direct counting one. The work was done on seven areas (four with closed populations and three open). Weekly, the individuals had been counted, as well as the feces deposited in the period on a sample area, besides getting the real data with respect to fluctuation of the closed populations. The attainment of an index of abundance through the feces counting presented a coefficient of linear regression better that the direct counting, in comparison with the real fluctuation of the population, gotten in closed environments. However, none of the methods presented satisfactory results that they reflected, in the index, the occurred alterations in the population. The feces counting revealed satisfactory to also separate in bands of number of individuals the different populations and in the application to estimate populations based in the technique of Index-manipulation-index. The work raises innumerable questions about the sampling intensity, possible studies about the home range use and the degree of trustworthiness of the surveys based on direct countings.
Ramm, Cíntia Barbosa. "Contaminação por metais nas capivaras Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris no Sul do Brasil." reponame:Repositório Institucional da FURG, 2015. http://repositorio.furg.br/handle/1/6051.
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A capivara Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris é um roedor de grande porte e semiaquático. A espécie ocorre em vários ambientes, podendo ocorrer em regiões com alto grau de influencia antrópica. A BR-471 que corta longitudinalmente a ESEC Taim, causa impacto localmente na região, por estar ocasionando prejuízos à fauna e a flora, em função dos atropelamentos de capivaras ao longo da reserva. Nesta região também vem sendo utilizados pesticidas e herbicidas, que podem estar contribuindo com a presença de metais. Estes metais podem se depositar no sedimento e na coluna d’água afetando direta ou indiretamente os organismos. No entanto as capivaras estão sujeitas aos efeitos da bioacumulação destes possíveis contaminantes, adquiridos através da ingestão de plantas contaminadas por metais. Com isso, o objetivo desse trabalho é avaliar os níveis de contaminação por metais pesados em tecidos de capivaras (Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris) mortas por atropelamentos na Br-471 Sul do Rio Grande do Sul. Para determinar as concentrações de metais (Ag, Cd, Cu, Pb, e Zn) em diferentes tecidos (fígado, rim, gordura, músculo) pelo e conteúdo estomacal de capivara, foram realizadas coletas mensais ao longo de um ano. As amostragens dos animais mortos serão feitas através de necropsia, as amostras e serão acondicionadas em tubos de plástico e posteriormente congeladas. Após, essas amostras serão pesadas, secas e digeridas em ácido nítrico e diluídas em água MilliQ. As concentrações de Ag, Cd, Cu, Pb, e Zn serão determinados por espectrofotometria de absorção atômica. Os dados serão expressos como média ± erro padrão. As médias dos metais dos tecidos de machos e fêmeas serão comparadas através de Analise de Variância de duas vias (ANOVA), seguida de teste a posterior de Tukey, com significância de 5%. Os resultados, demonstraram que a concentração de prata foi menor na primavera em relação às outras estações do ano nas amostras (P<0,05), não houve variação significativa (P< 0,05) na concentração de cádmio nas amostras, a concentração de chumbo na primavera foi maior em todas as amostras (P< 0,05), a concentração de cobre no inverno e no outono foi significativamente menor que o verão e a primavera (p< 0,05), a concentração de zinco não teve variação ao longo do ano (P< 0,05). O Cd, Ag e o Pb não tiveram variação significativa ao longo do ano no sedimento (P<0,05), já o Cu foi presente no sedimento na primavera, e o Zn foi maior no outono e inverno. (P<0,05). Os resultados deste trabalho demonstraram que as capivaras estão contaminadas por metais não essenciais na Estação Ecológica do Taim. Além disso, podemos sugerir a utilização de pelo para o monitoramento de contaminação da capivara por metais.
The capybara Hydrochaeris Hydrochaeris is a rodent large and semiaquático. The species occurs in various environments and can occur in regions with high anthropogenic influences. The BR- 471 that cuts along the ESEC Taim, impacts locally in the region, to be causing damage to fauna and flora, according to the roadkill capybaras along the reservation. This region has also been used herbicides and pesticides that may be contributing to the presence of metals. These metals can be deposited in the sediment and the water column affecting directly or indirectly the bodies. However capybaras are subject to the effects of bioaccumulation of these possible contaminants, acquired through eating plants contaminated by metals. Thus, the aim of this study is to assess the levels of heavy metal contamination in tissue capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) killed by being run over in the BR-471 South Rio Grande do Sul. To determine the concentrations of metals (Ag, Cd, Cu , Pb, and Zn) in different tissues (liver, kidney, fat, muscle) and the stomach contents of capybara, monthly samples were taken over a year. Samples of the dead animals will be made through autopsy, samples and will be placed in plastic tubes and subsequently frozen. After these samples are weighed, dried and digested in nitric acid and diluted in MilliQ water. The Ag concentrations of Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn are determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The data are expressed as mean ± standard error. The means of the metals of male and female tissues will be compared by analysis of two-way variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey test later, with 5% significance. The results showed that the silver concentration was lower in the spring relative to the other seasons in samples (P <0.05), there was no significant difference (P <0.05) in cadmium concentration in the samples, the concentration lead spring was higher in all samples (P <0.05), the concentration of copper in the winter and autumn was significantly lower than the spring and summer (p <0.05), the concentration of zinc was not variation throughout the year (P <0.05). Cd, Ag and Pb have not changed throughout the year in the sediment (P <0.05), whereas the Cu was present in the sediment in the spring, and Zn was higher in autumn and winter. (P <0.05). These results demonstrated that capybaras are contaminated by non-essential metals in the Taim Ecological Station. In addition, we suggest the use of at for contamination monitoring of the capybara for metals.
Moreira, Jose Roberto. "The reproduction, demography and management of capybaras (Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris) on Marajo Island, Brazil." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.294348.
Full textVargas, Flavia Carolina. "Estudo comparativo de duas populações de capivaras (Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris) no município de Pirassununga, SP." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/74/74131/tde-07112005-100157/.
Full textThe present research aimed the knowledge of the factors that allow the high ecological densities of capybaras through the population dynamics comparison of two capybara groups in the district of Pirassununga, SP (Campus Administrativo da Universidade de São Paulo USP/Pirassununga and Centro de Pesquisa e Gestão de Recursos Pesqueiros e Continentais CEPTA/Ibama), intending to propose forward a management methodology for capybara population control in the State of São Paulo. The populations monitoring was carried out through direct count of animals during 15 months, which played the main role to determine the population dynamics. Fixed traps were used to allow the weightings, sex definitions and identification through microchips, and also to know the age distribution and sex ratios. It was used bait inside the traps to attract animals and thus make direct counting and capture possible. To analyze population dynamics it was used the population ecological densities comparisons (statistically and descriptively) and also their rates of increase. It was detected social dominance hierarchy inside the traps, thus only the dominant part of population could be caught. Females represented the majority among captured animals. Satellites individuals and new groups were seen during observations and their existence might characterize a biological system of metapopulation. The descriptive and statistic comparisons of population ecological densities, as well as their rates of increase showed population superiority of CEPTA/Ibamas group probably for its bigger reproduction effort detected, which possibly receives influence of anthropogenic and water abundant habitats of CEPTA/Ibama.
Ferraz, Rosa Helena dos Santos. "Estudo Macro e Microscópico da Placenta de Termo de Capivara (Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris - Carleton, M. D. 1984)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2001. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10132/tde-13082007-144654/.
Full textSouth and Central America are the natural habitat of the capybara, in the areas that go from Panama to Argentina, including the Andes region. These animals are herbivorous, diurnal, semi-aquatic, gregarious and docile; they live in large groups and are potentially important for the production of high quality meat, skin and oils, largely utilized in popular medicine. In spite of their economical value for the South and Central America populations, capybaras have not yet been properly studied, not even regarding their reproductive features. In this study, special attention has been given to the macroscopic and microscopic analyses of the mature placenta, an organ of fundamental importance to the fetal development and the maintenance of the gestation. Eleven mature placentas of capybara (Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris) were used. Our results show a vitelline and a chorio - allantoic placenta, coexisting until the end of the gestation, and exhibiting an irregular discoidal shape, fixed to the mesometrial region of the uterus by the stem placenta. The chorio - allantoic placenta is formed by irregular structures that characterize the placental lobes and lobules and, under electron microscopy, the materno - fetal barrier is hemomonochorial. The main cellular placental component is largely represented by the syncytiotrophoblast in the exchange areas of the labyrinth, which form the lobular region, as well as in the interlobular area. In the labyrinthic region the trophoblast is polarized and presents typical organelles of cells, which express intense protein synthesis activity and endocytosis. The general analysis of the vascular and blood components of the placenta was suggestive of a countercurrent placental circulation. Our morphological results also show that the capybara placenta has a similar structure to that found in the guinea pig by other authors.
Lopez, Ricardo Pinho Gomez. "Avaliação sanitária de animais silvestres de produção abatidos em abatedouro." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10134/tde-06102010-133104/.
Full textMany species of wild mammals are raised for meat production. In Brazil, the capybara (Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris), paca (Agouti paca), collared peccary (Tayassu tajacu) and the white-lipped peccary (Tayassu pecari) are commercially bred, however there is limited sanitary information related to these species. This study aimed to search for the presence of infection caused by Leptospira spp., Mycobacteria spp., Brucella spp. and Erysipelothrix spp. in 138 animals belonging to those species, coming from nine commercial breeders and slaughtered under the Federal Inspection Service. None of these animals presented antibodies against smooth brucellas. The capybaras showed the highest frequency of seropositive animals for leptospirosis (54.4%), followed by the white-lipped peccaries (39%) and the collared peccaries (21.7%). The most frequent serovar was Grippotyphosa, followed by Hardjobovis and Tarassovi. Leptospira santarosai was isolated from the kidneys and Mycobacterium xenopi from the mesenteric lymph nodes of the examined capybaras. Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae was isolated from the tonsils of one white-lipped peccary. According to the data banks Scopus, Pubmed e Cab Abstracts (Ovid), this is the first report of M. xenopi isolation from capybara and of E. rhusiopathiae from white-lipped peccary.
Yai, Lucia Eiko Oishi. "Caracterização biológica e genotípica de isolados de Toxoplasma gondii de capivaras (Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris) do Estado de São Paulo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10134/tde-20042007-085119/.
Full textAntibodies to Toxoplasma gondii were assayed by the modified agglutination test (MAT) in serum samples of 68 capybaras from six counties in São Paulo state, Brazil. Antibodies (MAT?25) were found in 51 (75%) capybaras examined. Tissues (brain, heart and tongue) of 40 of the seropositive capybaras were bioassayed in mice and 36 (90%) isolates were obtained. There was no statistical association between number of isolates and age (p=0.21), gender (p=0.58) and type of rearing (p=0.62), as well as no association with frequency of isolations and antibody titer distribution (p=0.99). Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis in PCR-amplified SAG2 locus products revealed that 20 isolates (55.5%) were genotype I, 14 (38.9%) were genotype III and two (5.6%) were mixed genotypes (types I and III). Type II isolate was not found. The proportion of type I isolates in the group of wildlife capybaras was higher (p=0.049) than in the captive rearing group. On the other hand, the proportion of type III isolates was significantly higher in the captive rearing group (p=0.041). Most of the type I isolates (12/20) killed all infected mice and none of those groups had 100% of surviving mice. Most of the mice infected with genotype III isolate survived. The mortality rate in mice infected with genotype I (86%) was higher than the type III (44.9%) (p<0.001) and mice infected with type III isolates survived for longer periods than type I isolates (p<0.001). Tissue cysts were found in mice infected with all 36 isolates. Genotyping was also done directly from the tissue homogenates from the 35 of 36 capybaras using nested-PCR-RFLP analysis on the SAG2 locus. Twenty?two samples (62.8%) were characterized and in 21 the genotypes found were the same as those from the corresponding isolates. In one sample, mixed genotype was detected directly from the primary sample and type I from the mice isolate. The mixed genotype was confirmed by direct DNA sequencing of the nestedPCR products from the capybaras primary samples.
Truppel, Jessé Henrique. "Avaliação do parasitismo em capivaras (Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris) e sua atuação como hospedeiro intermediário de Neospora caninum e Toxoplasma gondii." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFPR, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1884/20675.
Full textMilagres, Bruno Silva. "Perfil sorológico de algumas infecções em capivara (Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris) capturadas nos estados de São Paulo e Minas Gerais, Brasil." Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2004. http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/5027.
Full textCapybara (Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris) is a rodent of half-aquatic habits, herbivores, exploring aquatic gradients where other herbivores normally don t reach, mainly in flooding areas, being distributed for all the Brazilian territory. Its natural habitat is characterized by the permanent existence of watercourse, and they also require an area of pasture to explore and an area of bush used for rest and to have younglings. Although being a wild animal, it in a so advanced way in the domestication process that can be considered as a new domestic animal, with well established handling and use. Capybaras are regularly kept in close contact with swine, equines and bovines, leading to a bigger dispersion of illnesses, with capybaras being able to act as reservoir, doing important paper in public health and the economic losses in production animals and commercial breeding of the species. Identification stories of some infectious agents in free-life capybaras, as much in wild as in agricultural areas, contribute to this hypothesis. On this way this work had the objective of analyzing the serologic profile of capybaras, as soon as the presence of antibodies against bovine Herpesvirus, bovis Viruses of bovine leukemia, Viruses of equine influenza, Rickettsia, Anaplasma marginale, Babesia bovis, Babesia bigemina, brucellas and leptospires. Blood samples of capybaras from different region had been collected. These samples had been processed in the laboratory of Virology of the Sector of Preventive Veterinary Medicine of the Universities Federal de Viçosa, being submitted to the tests of immuno-diffusion in agar-gel for the virus of bovine leukemia, serum-neutralization for bovine herpes virus, inhibition of the hemaglutination for the virus of equine influenza, indirect immunofluorescence for Rickettsia, elisa for Anaplasma marginale, dot-elisa for Babesia bovis and bigemina Babesia, fast serum agglutination for brucellas and microscopically serum aglutination for Leptospires (15 different sorovares). Gotten results (18/144) indicate the prevalence of antibodies against leptospires of 10,42% (15/144) and 2,09% (3/144) against the equine influenza virus. Antibodies for the other tested agents had not been found. There is great evidence that the creation of capybaras has an important paper in the epidemiologist of the infection for Leptospires, serving as reservoir and potential disseminator for the environment. However, there is a necessity of a more refined evaluation, related to the sanitary and economic aspects to other diseases occurring in capybaras, as well as a deeper relation with other production animals.
A capivara (Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris) é um roedor de hábitos semiaquáticos, herbívoros, forrageando gradientes aquáticos, onde outros herbívoros normalmente não alcançam, principalmente em áreas sazonalmente inundáveis; sendo distribuída por todo o território brasileiro. O seu habitat natural é caracterizado pela existência de curso d água permanente, também requerem uma área de pastagem para forragear e uma área de mata utilizada para repouso e para ter filhotes. Apesar de ser um animal silvestre, encontra-se em um estado tão avançado no processo de domesticação, que pode ser considerado como um novo animal doméstico, com manejo e uso bem estabelecidos. As capivaras regularmente são mantidas em próximos contatos com suínos, eqüinos e bovinos, sendo que este estreito relacionamento conduz a uma maior dispersão de doenças, podendo atuar a capivara como reservatório, desempenhando importante papel na saúde pública e nas perdas econômicas em animais de produção e em criadouros comerciais da espécie. Relatos de identificação de alguns agentes infecciosos em capivaras de vida livre, tanto em áreas silvestres como em rurais, contribuem com essa hipótese. Desta forma, este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar o perfil sorológico de capivaras, quanto à presença de anticorpos contra Herpes vírus bovino, Vírus da Leucose bovina, Vírus da influenza eqüina, Rickettsia, Anaplasma marginale, Babesia bovis, Babesia bigemina, Brucellas e Leptospira. Foram colhidas amostras sangüineas de capivaras de diferentes regiões do Estado de Minas Gerais e São Paulo. Estas amostras foram processadas no laboratório de Virologia do Setor de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva da Universidade Federal de Viçosa, sendo submetidos aos testes de imunodifusão em agar-gel para o vírus da leucose bovina, soroneutralização para o herpes vírus bovino, inibição da hemaglutinação para o vírus da influenza eqüina, imunofluorescência indireta para Rickettsia, eliza para Anaplasma marginale, dot-elisa para Babesia bovis e Babesia bigemina, soroaglutinação rápida para Brucellas e soroaglutinação microscópica para Leptospira (15 diferentes sorovares). Os resultados (18/144) obtidos indicam a prevalência de anticorpos contra leptospira de 10,42% (15/144) e 2,09% (3/144) contra o vírus da influenza eqüina. Não foram encontrados anticorpos para os outros agentes testados. Há grande evidencia que a criação de capivaras tem um papel importante na epidemiologia da infecção por Leptospira, servindo como reservatório e potencial disseminador para o ambiente. Porém, existe uma necessidade de uma avaliação mais apurada, nos aspectos sanitários e econômicos relacionados a outras enfermidades de ocorrência em capivaras, assim como um aprofundamento na relação com outros animais de produção.
Chiacchio, Rosely Gioia Martins Di. "Avaliação sanitária de capivaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) de vida livre presentes na região da Cantareira - zona norte de São Paulo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10133/tde-23102013-095347/.
Full textWild animals are known to play an important role in public health, as they may act as reservoirs for potentially zoonotic infectious agents. Capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris), very common animals in Brazil, have been associated with the transmission of spotty fever (Rickettsia rickettsii) by Amblyomma cajannense, leptospirosis, leishmaniasis, rabies and Chagas disease, as well as enterobacterial, fungal and parasitic diseases. The aim of this study was to determine their health status. Thirty-one capybaras were physically and chemically restrained, identified with microchips, and blood, rectal swabs, feces and hair samples were collected. Microcytic normochromic anemia and eosinophilia were observed in all animals; serum chemistry revealed mild hypoalbuminemia, which was considered suggestive of malnutrition. Serology for infection diseases was negative. Salmonella sp. was not isolated from the feces however, Escherichia coli strains were retrieved from 19 animals (61,3%), negative for pathogenic serotypes. Coproparasitology revealed Protozoophaga sp. (58%), Strongyloides spp (9,7%), Viannella spp (22,6%) and Ancylostomid eggs and larvae (9,7%). No dermatophytes fungi were isolated from the hair samples, only molds. The animals were free from potentially zoonotic agents however, preventive sanitary measures should be implemented.
Herrera, E. A. "The behavioural ecology of the capybara, Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.375233.
Full textSalem, Mohammed [Verfasser]. "Soil biota interactions with hydrochar / Mohammed Salem." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1038694876/34.
Full textSalem, Mohammed Salem Ali [Verfasser]. "Soil biota interactions with hydrochar / Mohammed Salem." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:188-fudissthesis000000094756-7.
Full textSuzuki, Cintia Tomoe. "A complexidade do repertório acústico das capivaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/59/59134/tde-15042016-105721/.
Full textThe capybara is a highly social species that lives in hierarchically organized multi-male/multi-female groups. A rich behavioral repertoire, including acoustic signalization, mediates social interactions and life in society. To investigate the acoustic repertoire of this species we conducted a survey and categorization of calls. The acoustic signals were registered from a population living free local campus of USP in Ribeirão Preto and of a captive group (Bosque e Zoológico Municipal Fábio Barreto) in the municipality of Ribeirão Preto. Our results show the existence of ten different acoustic signals, some of them subdivided in 3 to 4 variant, and the use of note composition from two different types, and non-linearity in distress signals, as those produced by under containment individuals. The results point to a larger and more varied richness of calls already described in the literature showing an acoustic repertoire comparable to that described for the mocó (Kerodon rupestris) , the guinea pig (Cavia aperea) and other caviomorph . The registry of other levels of organization of notes and the presence of non - linear elements also enrich the communication system of the species and demonstrate its complexity. Our results come bring contributions to complement the description of the repertoire of the species that was larger and more complex
Reckziegel, Sueli Hoff. "Vascularização arterial da região hipocampal em Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris (capivara)." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/6277.
Full textGurgel, Ana Cláudia Fagundes. "Ocorrência de protozoários intestinais em chinchilas (Chinchilla lanigera) e capivaras (hydrochaeris hydrochaeris), criadas em cativeiro, no estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/8421.
Full textGiardiasis is one of the most frequent and most important parasite infections that affect chinchillas. It is caused by Giardia lamblia, a small parasite that often causes intestinal disorders, and can negatively impact chinchilla breeding. Transmission occurs through the fecaloral route, and clinical signs include diarrhea, anorexia and weight loss. Cryptosporidiosis is an infection caused by an obligatory intracellular protozoan parasite of the genus Cryptospodidium. The main source of infection is fecal matte containing oocysts from infected or carrier individuals. Cryptosporidium causes severe diarrhea in chinchillas. Eimeria is a protozoan parasite of the pylum Apicomplexa. Eimeriosis is found in areas with poor sanitation, where oocysts are passed in the feces, and then ingested in contaminated food and water. Capybaras are susceptible to Eimeria spp. In order to investigate the intestinal protozoa that commonly infect chinchillas and capybaras in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, we used the methods developed by Faust et al., Sheater’s method modified by Benbrook, E. A., and the Ziehl-Neelsen staining method modified by Angus in 250 fecal samples of chinchillas. For the 250 fecal samples of capybaras, only Sheater’s method modified by Benbrook, E. A., was used. The chinchillas were split into two groups: group I, which consisted of animals aged 11 months or younger, and group II, which included animals aged 12 months or older. After that, the animals were classified into male and female. The capybaras belonged to a single group of 250 animals. The genus Giardia was detected in 8% of the fecal samples of chinchillas. None of these samples revealed oocysts of Eimeria and Cryptosporidium. The genus Eimeria was found in 52,4% of the fecal samples of capybaras, and the four species detected were E. trinidadensis, E. ichiloensis, E. boliviensis and an unidentified Eimeria specie. With regard to the total number of oocysts found, the relative frequency of different Eimeria species was the following: E. trinidadensis (55,04%), E. ichiloensis (32,56%), E. boliviensis (4,77%) and unidentified Eimeria specie (7,63%).
Guimarães, Leandro Carmo. "Estratégias para a mitigação de herbivoria por capivaras (Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris) sobre reflorestamento de floresta ripária no alto rio das Velhas, Minas Gerais, Brasil." Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/BUOS-97XH46.
Full textO presente trabalho investigou o potencial de recursos diversionários e dissuasivos sônicos em mitigar a herbivoria por capivaras (Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris) sobre plantios de recomposição de floresta ripária na bacia do rio das Velhas, MG. Para tal fim, a espécie Paspalum notatum, popularmente conhecida como grama de batatais, foi escolhida como candidata a recurso diversionário e alarmes disparados por movimento foram usados como dispositivos dissuasivos. Um experimento de campo comparou a ocupação do solo e a incidência de danos entre um controle, do qual capivaras foram excluídas por cercamento, e parcelas abertas com e sem alarmes em que P. notatum foi cultivada junto a outras espécies de interesse para a recuperação da área. P. notatum foi nitidamente preferida pelas capivaras, sofrendo 8,14 vezes mais danos do que as demais espécies em suas parcelas e apresentando uma ocupação de solo até 40% menor quando fora do controle, enquanto as demais espécies não diferiram do controle. Os alarmes não influenciaram a ocupação do solo por nenhuma espécie, mas mitigaram a incidência de danos sobre P. notatum, já que, independentemente do tempo, as parcelas sem alarmes sofreram 93% mais danos. Esse sucesso foi parcial, contudo, já que os danos ainda foram significativamente maiores nas parcelas com alarme do que no controle.
Nadarajah, Kannan. "Customized hydrochar from biomass materials for water treatment." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2020. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/206074/1/Kannan_Nadarajah_Thesis.pdf.
Full textSundqvist, Björn. "POLYAROMATIC HYDROCARBONS IN HYDROCHARS : HYDROTHERMAL CARBONIZATION OF SEWAGE SLUDGE." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Kemiska institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-185521.
Full textGranström, Andreas. "Adsorption of methylene blue on iron-doped lignin hydrochar." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Kemiska institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-150540.
Full textSaha, Pretom. "Carbon Dioxide Gasification of Hydrothermally Treated Manure-Derived Hydrochar." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1554290140503171.
Full textCarvalho, Roberto Gameiro de [UNESP]. "Morfologia e biometria do aparelho reprodutor feminino da capivara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris)." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/105926.
Full textCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Este estudo visa caracterizar morfologicamente macro e microscopicamente o aparelho reprodutor feminino da capivara, mais especificamente ovários, tubas uterinas, cornos uterinos, colo uterino, vagina e genitália externa, mediante técnicas histológicas, injeção de látex e dissecção. As gônadas apresentam-se simétricas, contorno elíptico, com vários folículos em diferenciação e corpos lúteos. A mesosalpinge, diferenciação do peritônio visceral pélvico mostra-se bem desenvolvida constituindo formação sacular, provida de fenda de formato elíptico e disposição justa ovariana compondo a bolsa ovárica (Bursa ovarica). A tuba uterina apresenta vasto infundíbulo onde as fimbrias são marcantes e de disposição radiada em torno do óstio abdominal da tuba uterina. A tuba uterina, nas porções correspondentes à ampola e istmo, possui trajeto serpentiforme envolta pela mesosalpinge. Na junção útero-tubárica, diferencia-se nesta espécie a formação de uma projeção para o interior da luz dos cornos uterinos que nomeou-se papila tubárica. Em seguida, individualizam-se dois cornos uterinos providos do mesométrio (ligamento largo do útero) como elemento estabilizador e o ligamento intercornual. Vasos arteriais e venosos são vistos formando um plexo gonadal ou dispostos à semelhança de pente, especialmente em relação aos cornos uterinos. O corpo uterino é ausente, caracterizando útero duplo, com os cornos desembocando diretamente no colo uterino dulpo. O colo uterino apresenta pregueamento longitudinal, dois canais cervicais, assimétricos, originando um orifício circular, à direita e mais ventral e, outro semi-lunar, à esquerda e mais dorsal. A vagina destaca-se por apresentar mucosa pregueada no sentido transversal, mais evidente próximo do colo uterino e e diminuindo gradativamente...
This study aims to characterize the macroscopic and microscopic morphological capybara female reproductive tract, specifically the ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterine horns, cervix, vagina and external genitalia by histological techniques, latex injection and dissection. The gonads are presented symmetrical, elliptical shape, with multiple follicles and corpora lutea differentiation. The mesosalpinx, pelvic visceral peritoneum differentiation appears to be well developed constituting saccular formation, provided the slit with elliptical shape and disposition ovarian just composing the ovarian bursa (Bursa ovarian). The fallopian tube has broad infundibulum where the fimbriae are outstanding and available radiated around the abdominal ostium of the fallopian tube. The oviduct (fallopian tube), the portions corresponding to the ampulla and isthmus, surrounded by a serpentine path mesosalpinx. In utero-tubal junction, this species differs from the formation of a projection into the uterine horns of light which we call tubal papilla. Then individualize the two uterine horns provided mesometrium (broad ligament of the uterus) as stabilizing ligament and intercornual. Arterial and venous plexus are seen forming a gonadal or arranged like comb, especially in relation to the uterine horns.The uterine body is absent, featuring double uterus, with the horns led directly to the double cervix. The cervix shows longitudinal wrinkling, two cervical canals, asymmetric, leading to a circular hole on the right and most ventral and the other semi-lunar, the left dorsal and more. The vagina is notable for presenting folded mucosa in the transverse direction, more evident near the cervix and gradually falls from the vaginal fornix. The vestibule of the vagina presents particular hyperpigmentation analyzed for each animal, like fingerprints... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Carvalho, Roberto Gameiro de. "Morfologia e biometria do aparelho reprodutor feminino da capivara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) /." Jaboticabal : [s.n.], 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/105926.
Full textBanca: Erika da Silva Carvalho Morani
Banca: Roberto Carvalhal
Banca: Francisco Guilherme Leite
Banca: Wilter Ricardo Russiano Vicente
Resumo: Este estudo visa caracterizar morfologicamente macro e microscopicamente o aparelho reprodutor feminino da capivara, mais especificamente ovários, tubas uterinas, cornos uterinos, colo uterino, vagina e genitália externa, mediante técnicas histológicas, injeção de látex e dissecção. As gônadas apresentam-se simétricas, contorno elíptico, com vários folículos em diferenciação e corpos lúteos. A mesosalpinge, diferenciação do peritônio visceral pélvico mostra-se bem desenvolvida constituindo formação sacular, provida de fenda de formato elíptico e disposição justa ovariana compondo a bolsa ovárica (Bursa ovarica). A tuba uterina apresenta vasto infundíbulo onde as fimbrias são marcantes e de disposição radiada em torno do óstio abdominal da tuba uterina. A tuba uterina, nas porções correspondentes à ampola e istmo, possui trajeto serpentiforme envolta pela mesosalpinge. Na junção útero-tubárica, diferencia-se nesta espécie a formação de uma projeção para o interior da luz dos cornos uterinos que nomeou-se papila tubárica. Em seguida, individualizam-se dois cornos uterinos providos do mesométrio (ligamento largo do útero) como elemento estabilizador e o ligamento intercornual. Vasos arteriais e venosos são vistos formando um plexo gonadal ou dispostos à semelhança de pente, especialmente em relação aos cornos uterinos. O corpo uterino é ausente, caracterizando útero duplo, com os cornos desembocando diretamente no colo uterino dulpo. O colo uterino apresenta pregueamento longitudinal, dois canais cervicais, assimétricos, originando um orifício circular, à direita e mais ventral e, outro semi-lunar, à esquerda e mais dorsal. A vagina destaca-se por apresentar mucosa pregueada no sentido transversal, mais evidente próximo do colo uterino e e diminuindo gradativamente... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: This study aims to characterize the macroscopic and microscopic morphological capybara female reproductive tract, specifically the ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterine horns, cervix, vagina and external genitalia by histological techniques, latex injection and dissection. The gonads are presented symmetrical, elliptical shape, with multiple follicles and corpora lutea differentiation. The mesosalpinx, pelvic visceral peritoneum differentiation appears to be well developed constituting saccular formation, provided the slit with elliptical shape and disposition ovarian just composing the ovarian bursa (Bursa ovarian). The fallopian tube has broad infundibulum where the fimbriae are outstanding and available radiated around the abdominal ostium of the fallopian tube. The oviduct (fallopian tube), the portions corresponding to the ampulla and isthmus, surrounded by a serpentine path mesosalpinx. In utero-tubal junction, this species differs from the formation of a projection into the uterine horns of light which we call tubal papilla. Then individualize the two uterine horns provided mesometrium (broad ligament of the uterus) as stabilizing ligament and intercornual. Arterial and venous plexus are seen forming a gonadal or arranged like comb, especially in relation to the uterine horns.The uterine body is absent, featuring double uterus, with the horns led directly to the double cervix. The cervix shows longitudinal wrinkling, two cervical canals, asymmetric, leading to a circular hole on the right and most ventral and the other semi-lunar, the left dorsal and more. The vagina is notable for presenting folded mucosa in the transverse direction, more evident near the cervix and gradually falls from the vaginal fornix. The vestibule of the vagina presents particular hyperpigmentation analyzed for each animal, like fingerprints... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Doutor
Bressan, Michelle Soares. "Aspectos anátomo-histológicos e neuroendócrinos do ceco da capivara Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris Linnaeus, 1766 (Mammalia, Rodentia)." Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2003. http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/5194.
Full textThe capybara, an herbivorous rodent of simple stomach, has been pointed out in the market of meats for having an excellent zootechnical performance. It has appreciated meat, valuable carcass, high reproductive potential and presents efficient food usage. The last item must be a consequence of the cecotrophy, which makes the cecum, an important organ in the digestive physiology of such animal. To carry out this study, ten adult capybaras from Cachoeirinhas` Farm in Viçosa-MG, were used. From them it was obtained data regarding the anatomy, histology and quantification of endocrine cells and nervous ganglia of the cecum. Fragments of the apex, body and base of the cranial taenia and of the area of ileocecal transition were collected. Macroscopically, the cecum is voluminous, sacciform, presenting a medium volumetrical capacity of 3,6 ± 1,7 l, and a medium length of 70 ± 16,2 cm completing a total of 25% of whole large intestine that measured 2,8 ± 0,6 m on the average. The cecum histologically showed straight tubulous glands with average length of 0,2 ± 0,02 mm, of prismatic simple mucous secretor epithelium, a highly vascularized submucosal tunic with nervous ganglia observed clearly, a developed and with numerous myenterics ganglia muscular tunic. Quantitatively, the cecum presented a medium number of 2,0 ± 1,0 submucosals ganglia/mm2, 6,7 ± 3,0 myenterics ganglia/mm2, 173,1 ± 60,8 argyrophylics cells/mm2, 207,8 ± 68,3 argentaffins cells/mm2 and 55,7 ± 27,4 serotonin immunoreactive cells/mm2.
A capivara, um roedor herbívoro de estômago simples, vem sendo apontada no mercado de carnes por ter um excelente desempenho zootécnico. Sua carne é apreciada e sua carcaça valiosa, apresenta elevado potencial reprodutivo e manifesta eficiente aproveitamento dos alimentos. Este, provavelmente seja conseqüência da realização da cecotrofia, que faz do ceco, importante órgão na fisiologia digestiva deste animal. Neste trabalho, utilizaram-se dez capivaras adultas, provenientes do criatório da Fazenda Cachoeirinha localizada no município de Viçosa-MG, das quais obtiveram-se dados a respeito da anatomia, histologia e quantificação de células endócrinas e gânglios nervosos do ceco. Foram coletados fragmentos do ápice, corpo, base, da tênia cranial e da região de transição íleo-cecal. Macroscopicamente, o ceco é volumoso, saculado, apresentando capacidade volumétrica média de 3,6 ± 1,7 l e comprimento médio de 70 ± 16,2 cm correspondente a 25% do intestino grosso com média de 280 ± 60 cm. Histologicamente, o ceco apresentou glândulas simples tubulosas de tamanho médio de 0,2 ± 0,02 mm, com epitélio simples cilíndrico secretor de muco, uma única submucosa altamente vascularizada contendo gânglios nervosos de fácil visualização, uma túnica muscular desenvolvida e com numerosos gânglios mioentéricos. Quantitativamente o ceco apresentou um número médio de 2,0 ± 1,0 gânglios submucosos/mm2, 6,7 ± 3,0 gânglios mioentéricos/mm2, 173,1 ± 60,8 células argirófilas/mm2, 207,8 ± 68,3 células argentafins/mm2 e 55,7 ± 27,4 células imunorreativas à serotonina/mm2.
Burnham, Jason Carey. "The contribution of seeds and turions towards population growth and persistence of Hydrocharis morsus-ranae L." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ35871.pdf.
Full textHao, Wenming. "Refining of hydrochars/ hydrothermally carbonized biomass into activated carbons and their applications." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för material- och miljökemi (MMK), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-107672.
Full textAt the time of the doctoral defense, the following paper was unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 1: In press.
Campos, Krauer Juan Manuel. "Landscape ecology of the capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) in the Chaco region of Paraguay." Diss., Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/1600.
Full textPereira, Fernanda Mara Aragão Macedo. "Estudo do crânio de capivaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) craniometria, radiografia e tomografia computadorizada 3D /." Botucatu, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/183677.
Full textResumo: Os estudos anatômicos aplicados ao conhecimento médico veterinário, como às áreas de cirurgia, anestesia e diagnóstico por imagem são cruciais para uma correta avaliação e abordagem do animal. As capivaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris), os maiores roedores do mundo, são mamíferos encontrados em todo o território brasileiro. Devido a sua ampla distribuição, necessitam-se descrições detalhadas sobre a espécie, dentre elas sobre sua anatomia craniana. Este estudo visou identificar as estruturas cranianas de capivaras em peças anatômicas e imagens radiológicas. Foram utilizados oito crânios e duas cabeças descongeladas para a identificação osteológica, radiográfica e tomográfica das suas estruturas. Foram realizadas medidas craniométricas para as diferentes partes do crânio e calculados os índices cefálicos. O crânio da capivara pode ser dividido em uma parte cranial (neurocrânio) e uma parte facial (viscerocrânio). As capivaras apresentaram um crânio mais robusto e retangular, alongado rostro-caudalmente, adelgaçado na região nasal e levemente convexo na região parietal. O arco zigomático é expandido e largo, a órbita possui um formato circular, o forame infraorbital é bastante desenvolvido, os meatos acústicos externos e as bulas timpânicas são relativamente pequenos e os processos paracondilares são grandes. Estas características anatômicas são compatíveis com o hábito alimentar e com o modo de vida semi-aquático das capivaras, o que pode ser comparado com características report... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The anatomical studies applied to veterinary medical knowledge, such as the areas of surgery, anesthesia and diagnostic imaging are pivotal for a correct evaluation and approach of the animal. The capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris), the largest rodents of the world, are mammals found throughout the Brazilian territory. Despite their wide distribution, detailed descriptions about the species are needed, among them about their cranial anatomy. This study aimed to identify the cranial structures in skulls and radiological images in the capybaras. Eight skulls and two thawed heads were used for the osteological, radiographic and tomographic identification of their structures. Craniometric measurements were performed for the different parts of the skull and the cephalic indexes were calculated. The skull of the capybara can be divided into a cranial part (neurocranium) and a facial part (viscerocranium). The capybaras had a more robust and rectangular skull, elongated face-caudally, thinned in the nasal region and slightly convex in the parietal region. The zygomatic arch is expanded and wide, the orbit has a circular shape, the infraorbital foramen is well developed, external acoustic meatus and tympanic bullae are relatively small and the paracondillar processes are large. These anatomical characteristics are compatible with the eating habit and semiaquatic life of capybaras, which can be compared with characteristics reported for animals of similar habits. The radiographic i... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre
Sartori, Sirlene Souza Rodrigues. "Aspectos anátomo-histológicos e neuro-endócrinos do intestino delgado da capivara Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris Linnaeus, 1766 (Mammalia, Rodentia, Hydrochaeridae)." Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2005. http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/5025.
Full textUniversidade Federal de Viçosa
Anatomical, histological and morphometric aspects of the small intestine of adult capybaras were analyzed, being obtained data on the length and the volumetric capacity of this organ and of its segments, as wel1 as histological characteristics of its wal1, with emphasis in the study of the enteroendocrine cel1s and of the submucosal and myenteric nervous ganglions. For the histological and morphometric analysis of the small intestine were used the coloration techniques: Hematoxylin-Eosin, Blue Alcian - Periodic Acid Schiff; Grimelius, modified Masson Fontana and Peroxidase anti-peroxidase with anti-serotomn monoclonal sore. Among the anatomical results was verified that the small intestine of the capybara is about five times longer than the corporallength and that its volumetric capacity represents 6,7% of the corporal weight; among the histological results were observed: pleats in spiral, thick and ramified, along the whole intemal coating of the smal1 intestine; vil1us with forms and sizes varied; thick brush-border; presence of Briinner' s glands in the submucosal layer and in the basal area of the mucosallayer, restricted to the cranial portion of the duodenum and rich in acid and neutral glicoconjugates; smaller frequency of goblet cel1s in the duodenum, increasing caudal1y; Paneth's cel1s in the base of the crypts; argyrophil, argentaffin and serotonin immunoreactive endocrine cel1s in all the segments of the small intestine, abundant in the area of the crypts and more frequent in the duodenum; submucous and myenteric nervous ganglia developed, being larger and more frequent the myenteric ganglions.
Foram analisados aspectos referentes à anatomia, histologia e morfometria do intestino delgado de capivaras adultas, obtendo-se dados sobre o comprimento e a capacidade volumétrica deste órgão e de seus segmentos, assim como características histológicas da sua parede, com ênfase no estudo das células enteroendócrinas e dos gânglios nervosos submucosos e mioentéricos. Para a análise histológica e morfométrica do intestino delgado foram empregadas técnicas de coloração Hematoxilina-Eosina, Alcian Blue - Ácido Periódico de Schiff, Grimelius, Masson Fontana modificada e Peroxidase anti-peroxidase com soro monoclonal anti-serotonina. Dentre os resultados anatômicos foi verificado que o intestino delgado da capivara é cerca de cinco vezes maior que o comprimento corporal e que a sua capacidade volumétrica representa 6,7% do peso corporal; dentre os resultados histológicos foram observados: pregas em espiral, espessas e ramificadas, ao longo de todo o revestimento interno do intestino delgado; vilos com formas e tamanhos variados na mucosa do intestino delgado; borda estriada espessa; presença de glândulas de Brunner na submucosa e na região basal da mucosa, restritas à porção cranial do duodeno, ricas em glicoconjugados ácidos e neutros; menor frequência de células caliciformes no duodeno, aumentando caudalmente; células de Paneth na base das criptas; células endócrinas argirófilas, argentafins e imunorreativas à serotonina em todos os segmentos do intestino delgado, abundantes na região das criptas e mais freqüentes no duodeno; gânglios nervosos submucosos e mioentéricos desenvolvidos, sendo maiores e mais frequentes os mioentéricos.
Hobson, John T. "The Mechanics Involved in Removing Copper Ions Using Hydrochars, Activated Carbons, and Resins." Digital WPI, 2019. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-theses/1328.
Full textNaisse, Christophe. "Potentiel de séquestration de carbone des biochars et hydrochars, et impact après plusieurs siècles sur le fonctionnement du sol." Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066518/document.
Full textBiochars and hydrochars production can form amendments enriched in aromatic carbon, potentially recalcitrant against microbial degradation, while massively producing renewable energy. These amendments are aimed to increase soil organic matter (SOM) quantity, and soil fertility. However, due to the diversity of their feedstock and production processes, misunderstandings exist on the potential of these materials to store C in soil at short and long term. In addition, methods to rapidly evaluate the long-term stability of these materials remain to be developed, in order to allow users to determine the quality of these new amendments. This work was consisted for assessing the stability of biochar and hydrochars, biologically by soil incubations, and chemically by oxidation with acid dichromate. The biochar showed a high level of biological and chemical stability, allowing to storage a large amount of carbon throughout the century. In opposite, the hydrochars might not allow sequestering massively carbon beyond the decade, due to its lower biological and chemical stability. The hydrochars induced a positive priming effect (stimulation) while biochar induced a negative priming effect (protection). Physical weathering of both materials led to an increase of stability and a decrease of the priming effect, highlighting the importance of environmental factors in evaluation of strategies for sequestering carbon. Charcoal kiln soils were used as a model for long-term study of the input of biochar in soil after several centuries. Their analysis showed that the contribution of biochar sustainably improves the physicochemical properties of the soil, such as clay content, cation exchange capacity (CEC), amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, and soluble carbon. However, after several centuries of biochar amendment, microbial communities showed no specific adaptation to the degradation of a new biochar input. In this soil model, the input of plant residues resulted in a negative priming effect. Thus, the contribution of biochar in generating specific conditions, allows the maintenance of microbial communities with the ability to switch of substrates, for a new source of substrates more easily degradable. Further works are needed to assess the stability of biochar in soil-plant system
Navarro, Sandra Maria. "Análise isotópica de diferentes tecidos de capivara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) de criadouro e vida livre." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/91/91131/tde-07082009-144857/.
Full textBased on isotopic methodology, this study developed a dietary analysis of free range and wild capybara, using different tissues (muscle, blood, nail and hair), in order to provide information for the species management and verify possible alternative tissues that reflect the values of the consumption source. It was analyzed carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) stable isotopes of the different tissues and .The interpretation of carbon results were based on the isotopic differences between C3 plants and C4 plants while the nitrogen interpretations were based on the type of nitrogen fixation done by each kind of plant. The samples were collected at the Estação Experimental da Fazenda Areão, located inside of Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Piracicaba/SP; Parque Estadual Alberto Löfgren, São Paulo/SP; Fazenda das Posses, district of Holambra II/SP and Fazenda Santarém, Três Rios/RJ. The average values of nail and hair 13C compared to muscle of all areas showed a 1,5 fractionation, on the other hand blood values, in all areas, show no fractionation if compared to muscle tissue. The carbon incorporated into the capybara muscles at the Piracicaba site was 100% from C4 plants, similar to Holambra II that showed about 92% of C4 plants in their diet. In the two groups of Três Rios this percentual varied from 53 to 80% of C4 plants. In the São Paulo area, based on blood 13C results it was possible to observed one group whose values varied from 73 to 89% and another group from 46 to 71% of C4 plants in their diet. The average fractionation values of nail, hair and blood in comparison with the muscle was about 1. The d15N results were important to characterize the areas since the values of the capybara groups of each area show itself to be statically different. The results obtained in this study show the efficiency of the isotopic tool into a perspective of a dietary analyses, producing solid information to possible management plans of wild and free range animals as well as showing alternative possibilities for the use of another tissue besides muscle that can be collected in a more practical and painless way for the animal leading to similar results.
Kihara, Mariana Tiai. "Descrição anatomorradiográfica do esqueleto axial, do membro torácico e dos dentes da capivara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) /." Jaboticabal, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/150784.
Full textCoorientador: Júlio Carlos Canola
Banca: Bruno Cesar Schimming
Banca: Tais Harumi de castro Sasahara
Resumo: A capivara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris), é o maior roedor herbívoro da América do Sul e atualmente sua população está aumentando devido a falta de predadores e a maior disponibilidade de alimento. Objetivou-se com esse trabalho caracterizar anatômica e radiograficamente o membro torácico, o crânio, a coluna vertebral e os dentes desse animal, pois há apenas relato na literatura de uma descrição minuciosa do membro pélvico. Foram utilizados quatro animais jovens e dois natimortos. O estudo radiográfico foi realizado em diferentes projeções, específicas, para determinada região do animal e para avaliação anatômica do membro torácico e do esqueleto axial. Os animais foram dissecados e os ossos passaram por processo de maceração química. Os dentes foram extraídos das arcadas dentárias e foram lixados até ficarem com espessura mínima para observação mesoscópica e negastoscópica da composição do dente. Neste estudo pode-se determinar que o crânio é alongado e que a órbita é incompleta. A capivara possui sete vértebras cervicais, treze torácicas, seis lombares, quatro sacrais e oito coccígeas, sendo que o processo espinhoso do áxis é alongado. O esterno é constituído por cinco esternébras e uma cartilagem xifoide. A escápula apresenta os processos hamato e supra-hamato distalmente à espinha. O rádio e a ulna não se fundem, o rádio não apresenta tuberosidade radial. Há cinco metacarpos no membro torácico, o primeiro dedo é rudimentar. A fileira proximal do carpo é constituída pelos ca... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The Capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) is the largest rodent herbivore in South America and currently its population is increased due to lack of predators and the greater availability of food. The objective of this work was to characterize anatomically and radiographically the forelimb, the axial skeleton and teeth of this animal. We studied four young animals and two stillbirths. The radiographic study was carried out in different projections, to specific region of the animal, to anatomical assessment of forelimb and the axial skeleton. The animals were dissected and the bones underwent chemical maceration. The teeth were extracted from the dental arches and sanded until they had minimal thickness for mesoscopic and negastoscopic observation of the tooth composition. The skull is elongated and the orbital cavity is incomplete. The capybara has seven cervical vertebrae, thirteen thoracic vertebrae, six lumbar vertebrae, four sacral and eight coccygeal vertebrae. The sternum is constituted by five sternules and one xiphoid cartilage. The scapula presents the hamato and supra-hamato processes distally to the spine. The radius and ulna do not fuse, the radio does not present radial tuberosity. There are five metacarpals and five digits in the thoracic limb, the first finger is rudimentary. The proximal row of the carpus consists of the intermediorradial, ulnar and accessory carpi and the distal carpi by four carpal bones. There are one incisors, and four upper and lower teeth ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre
Nishiyama, Shirley Miti. "Associação cetamina-xilazina, tiletamina-zolazepam, e tiletamina-zolazepam-levomepromazina na anestesia de capivara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris)." Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2003. http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/5196.
Full textDespite the great number of capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) breedings, this species reproduction, handling, nutrition, diseases and its related agents are still studied. Its study requires chemical immobilization specially when the physical restraint can be a stressing factor for the animal and also risky for the technical team. In practice, the chemical restraint of capybaras is accomplished in an empiric way, using drugs and dosages based on previous handlings, which can result in unexpected, undesirable reactions and even in the animal s death. Thus, the present work had as objectives to evaluate comparatively the effects of the ketamine-xylazine, tiletamine-zolazepam and tiletamine-zolazepam-levomepromazine combinations as anesthetic agents for capybaras. For that, 30 adult capybaras, males and females, with medium weight of 43 kg, were randomly distributed in three experimental groups of the same number, receiving the following combinations: ketamine 10,0 mg/kg and xylazine 0,5 mg/kg (G1); tiletamine-zolazepam 5,0 mg/kg (G2); tiletamine-zolazepam 5,0 mg/kg and levomepromazine 0,5 mg/kg (G3). The drugs were administered intramuscularly through darts and blowgun, and the doses were calculated in agreement with the estimative weight of the animals. The real dose administered was obtained after immobilization, when the animals allowed the weighing. Respiratory rate; oxyhemoglobin saturation; heart rate; systolic, mean and diastolic blood pressure; capillary refill time; rectal body temperature, analgesia and muscular relaxation degree; and reflexes, were evaluated from the moment that the animal allowed the manipulation and after every 15 minutes, until completing 60 minutes. It was concluded that the ketamine-xylazine combination (10,0 and 0,5 mg/kg, respectively) promoted the best tegument analgesia. When the kind of intervention doesn't demand intense analgesia, the dose used with the tiletamine-zolazepam combination (5,0 mg/kg) is enough for about one hour immobilization. The addition of the levomepromazine (0,5 mg/kg) improves analgesia and muscular relaxation, increases both duration of anesthesia and recovery time making the last calmer. For more painful interventions in capybaras, it will be necessary more studies to adjust the dose of the tiletamina-zolazepam, combined or not with the levomepromazine. The use of the levomepromazine hydrochloride at 0,5% for the dilution of the lyophilized form of tiletamine-zolazepam didn't present any inconvenience and was advantageous for use in darts, due to not increase the administered volume.
Apesar do grande número de criadouros da espécie, a capivara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) ainda é objeto de estudo quanto ao aspecto reprodutivo, ao manejo, à nutrição, e às doenças e agentes a ela relacionados. Seu estudo requer muitas vezes a imobilização química, pois somente a contenção física pode ser fator estressante para o animal e pode colocar em risco a equipe técnica envolvida. A contenção química de capivaras, na prática, é realizada de forma empírica, utilizando-se fármacos e dosagens baseadas em manejos anteriores, que pode resultar em reações inesperadas, indesejáveis e até na morte do animal. Assim, este trabalho teve como objetivos comparar os efeitos das associações cetamina-xilazina, tiletamina-zolazepam e tiletamina-zolazepam-levomepromazina como agentes anestésicos para capivaras. Foram utilizadas 30 capivaras, de ambos os sexos, adultas, com peso médio de 43 kg, distribuídas aleatoriamente em três grupos experimentais de igual número, que receberam as seguintes associações: 10,0 mg/kg de cetamina e 0,5 mg/kg de xilazina (G1); 5,0 mg/kg de tiletamina-zolazepam (G2); 5,0 mg/kg de tiletamina-zolazepam diluídos em 0,5 mg/kg de levomepromazina (G3). Os fármacos foram administrados pela via intramuscular por meio de dardos e zarabatana, e as doses foram calculadas de acordo com o peso estimado dos animais. A dose real administrada foi obtida após imobilização, no momento em que os animais permitiram a pesagem. Foram mensurados a freqüência respiratória, a saturação da oxiemoglobina, a freqüência cardíaca, as pressões arteriais sistólica, média e diastólica, o tempo de perfusão capilar, a temperatura retal, os graus de analgesia e miorrelaxamento e os reflexos protetores no momento em que o animal permitiu a manipulação e após cada 15 minutos, até completar 60 minutos. Avaliaram-se também os períodos de latência, hábil e de recuperação anestésica. Concluiu-se que a associação cetamina-xilazina (10,0 e 0,5 mg/kg, respectivamente) é a mais adequada para analgesia tegumentar, mas quando o tipo de intervenção não exigir analgesia intensa, a dose utilizada da associação tiletamina-zolazepam (5,0 mg/kg) é suficiente para imobilização por cerca de uma hora. A adição da levomepromazina (0,5 mg/kg) melhora a analgesia, o miorrelaxamento, aumenta os períodos hábil e de recuperação tornando-a mais tranqüila. Para intervenções mais cruentas em capivaras serão necessários mais estudos para adequar a dose da associação tiletamina-zolazepam, combinada ou não com a levomepromazina. A utilização do cloridrato de levomepromazina a 0,5% para diluição da forma liofilizada da tiletamina-zolazepam não apresentou nenhum inconveniente e foi vantajoso para uso em dardos, por não aumentar o volume total a ser administrado.
Takaya, Chibi Asabe. "Nutrient sorption potential of treated and untreated hydrochars and biochars derived from various waste feedstocks." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2016. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/15896/.
Full textTonetti, Ariádina Maria. "Paisagem e percepção : ocorrência de Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris (Linnaeus, 1766) em áreas verdes públicas de Curitiba - PR." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFPR, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1884/47403.
Full textCoorientador : Prof. Dr. Julio Cesar de Moura Leite
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Agrárias, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Florestal. Defesa: Curitiba, 20/02/2017
Inclui referências : f. 115-134
Área de concentração : Conservação da Natureza
Resumo: Tendo em vista os crescentes conflitos observados entre o ser humano e a capivara nas cidades brasileiras, bem como a presença constante e permanente da espécie na capital do Paraná, essa pesquisa teve como objetivo estudar Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris em áreas verdes públicas de Curitiba. Nesse sentido, foram realizadas pesquisas a respeito da capivara, da paisagem das áreas verdes com potencial de hábitat e da percepção humana com relação à espécie. Quanto à capivara foi mapeada a ocorrência da espécie, analisados aspectos ecológicos e pesquisados alguns comportamentos dos animais. Na ecologia foram investigadas a densidade, a composição e a flutuação dos registros. A distribuição das capivaras foram plotadas em mapas, a densidade comparada pelo Teste Tukey e as frequências da composição e flutuação pelo Teste Qui-quadrado. No comportamento foram observados a competição intraespecífica, o forrageio, a cecotrofia, a interação com aves e a termorregulação. No estudo da paisagem realizou-se a caracterização de cobertura do solo das áreas verdes e seus entornos, por meio dos métodos direto e indireto. A coleta dos dados paisagísticos ocorreu a partir de imagem de satélite e de dados vetoriais, considerando os elementos paisagísticos do interior da área (água, floresta, gramado, infraestrutura e rua) e do entorno (água, vegetação e área impermeável). Além desses, foram considerados a presença de ilha, rio, tamanho total de cada área verde e do seu entorno. Todos esses elementos foram relacionados estatisticamente à presença da capivara. Para o estudo da percepção humana sobre o mamífero, foram entrevistados frequentadores dos parques Barigui, Cambuí e Iguaçu-Náutico. Para esses foi aplicado um questionário estruturado contendo questões referentes ao perfil dos frequentadores, ao conhecimento sobre a capivara e sobre a influência do comportamento das pessoas sobre a espécie. Os resultados do estudo da espécie indicaram que as capivaras se estabeleceram em sete dos quatorze parques onde a espécie ocorre; que a densidade de capiavas é maior no Parque Cambuí; que apesar dessa densidade ultrapassar a capacidade suporte, apresenta um decréscimo gradativo nos três anos de estudo. Indicaram que os comportamentos de cecotrofia, forrageio e competição intraespecífica podem estar associados à restrição alimentar; e o comportamento de termorregulação e interação com as aves são relacionados a aspectos sanitários de Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris. Na paisagem os resultados mostraram que as capivaras estão presentes em áreas maiores, onde há quantidades maiores de recurso (água e vegetação) e presença de ilha e rio. Indicaram também, que a fixação das capivaras em alguns parques é influenciada pela composição espacial dessas áreas na paisagem de Curitiba. A percepção dos frequentadores apontou que o comportamento humano de apreciação às capivaras é um dos fatores que contribuem para a permanência da espécie nos parques do município. Tendo em vista esses resultados, recomenda-se a criação de um programa de monitoramento das capivaras presentes nos parques públicos de Curitiba com o objetivo de acompanhar a ecologia da espécie na cidade e evitar conflitos futuros. Palavras-chave: Capivara. Ecologia. Estudo da paisagem. Percepção humana. Hábitat urbano.
Abstract: Considering the increasing conflicts observed between humans and capybara in Brazilian cities and the constant and permanent presence of the species in the city of Curitiba, this research aimed to study Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris in public green areas of Curitiba. In this sense, research was carried out on the capybara, the landscape of the green areas sampled and the human perception regarding the species. About the capybara, the occurrence of the species was mapped, ecological aspects were analyzed and some behaviors of the animals were investigated. In ecology, the density, composition and flotation of the records were investigated. The distribution of the capybara was plotted on maps, the density was compared by Tukey's test and the frequencies of composition and fluctuation by Chi-square test. Intraspecific competition, foraging, cecotrophy, interaction with birds and thermoregulation were observed in the behavior. In the study of the landscape, the characterization of the ground use of the green areas and of the environments was carried out through the direct and indirect methods. The landscape data collection was based on vector data and satellite image, considering the landscape elements of the area (water, forest, lawn, infrastructure and street) and the surrounding area (water, vegetation and impermeable area). Besides these, was considered the presence of island, river, total size of each green area and its surroundings. All these elements were statistically related to the presence of capybara. Regarding the study of human perception about the mammal, users/visitors/parkgoers were interviewed in Barigui, Cambui and Nautical parks. For these, a structured questionnaire was applied containing questions regarding the profile of the parkgoers, the knowledge about the capybara and about the influence of the people behavior on the species. The results of the study of the species indicated that capybaras settled in seven of the fourteen parks where the species occurs; that the density of capybara is higher in Cambui Park; that although this density exceeds the support capacity, presents a gradual decrease in the three years of study. The results indicated that the behavior of cecotrophy, foraging and intraspecific competition may be associated with food restriction; and the behavior of thermoregulation and interaction with birds are related to sanitary aspects of Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris. About the landscape study, the results showed that capybaras are present in larger areas, where there are larger amounts of water and vegetation and presence of island and river. It also indicated that the settlement of capybaras in some parks is influenced by the spatial composition of these areas in the Curitiba landscape. The perception of the visitors indicated that the human behavior of appreciation to the capybaras is one of the factors that contribute to the permanence of the species in the parks of the municipality. In view of these results, it is recommended the creation of a monitoring program of the capybaras present in the public parks of Curitiba in order to follow the ecology of the species in the city and avoid future conflicts. Keywords: Capybara. Ecology. Landscape study. Human perception. Urban habitat.
Hirota, Inajara Nakamura. "Estudo tomográfico e anatômico da órbita e do ducto nasolacrimal de capivaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris - Linnaeus, 1766)." Botucatu, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/151249.
Full textResumo: O estudo objetiva a descrição de valores de referência das medidas cranianas das capivaras, correlacionando a órbita ocular com o ducto nasolacrimal. A documentação destes resultados pode contribuir para padronizar características de normalidade anatômica e favorecer o correto diagnóstico e tratamento de alterações nestas estruturas. As carcaças de capivaras, mantidas por congelamento, foram distribuídas em dois grupos (G) designados GA (n=12) animais adultos (A) e GJ (n=13) para animais jovens (J). Todas foram submetidas ao exame de dacriocistografia por tomografia computadorizada (TC), e às mensurações cranianas. Foram realizadas análises descritivas das mensurações cranianas e do ducto nasolacrimal; e análise estatística da correlação de Pearson com a variável do peso. No GA, não houve correlação entre as medidas do ducto nasolacrimal e as cranianas. No entanto, no GJ, verificou-se correlação com o comprimento facial (r=0,6233), largura facial (r=0,5771), altura craniana (r=0,6981), comprimento craniano (r=0,7116), comprimento total direito (r=0,7517) e esquerdo (r=0,7999). Assim, nos jovens, houve forte correlação com as medidas do comprimento craniano, e no comprimento dos ductos nasolacrimais. No entanto, esse comportamento biológico não foi observado nos animais adultos, demonstrando estabilidade no desenvolvimento. Verificou-se que a órbita ocular em capivara é circular e incompleta; e apresenta o processo zigomático da maxila bem desenvolvido, e o ducto nasolacrimal ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Mestre
Anyikude, Kelechi Uzoma. "Analysis of pollutants in biochars and hydrochars produced by pyrolysis and hydrothermal carbonization of waste biomass." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2016. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/13523/.
Full textBaran, Sümeyra Seniha. "Les hydrochars de déchets de paille de lavandin valorisés comme combustible solide et comme matériau adsorbant." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024COAZ5003.
Full textThe Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in the south-east of France has been one of the main production centres of the perfume and cosmetics industries for centuries. The extraction of Lavandin yields 100 kilograms/ha of essential oil, while a large amount of solid waste, known as lavandin distilled straw, is generated. The objective of this thesis work was to explore economic and environmental friendly valorisation routes of this waste in order to convert it into high value-added products.For that, Lavandin straws (L) waste was submitted to hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) in order to get a carbonaceous material called hydrochar. The valorisation of Lavandin straw (L) and its hydrochars as solid fuel and adsorbent was investigated in this thesis.For the production of fuel, the L was subjected to HTC at various temperatures (180 to 260ºC) and retention times (1 to 20 h). In order to evaluate the quality of hydrochars as solid fuel, fuel properties were evaluated according to the severity factor calculated based on HTC temperature and retention time. The obtained hydrochars presented fuel properties close to sub-bituminous coal and lignite.For the valorization of Lavandin as adsorbent, the most suitable hydrochar for adsorption was selected. Adsorption of Ni(II), Cd(II), Pb(II) on L, hydrochar, NaOH- and HNO3-modified hydrochar was studied as a function of contact time, pH, initial single concentration of metal, initial mixed concentrations of metals. Pb(II) was more efficiently adsorbed than Ni(II) and Cd(II), on all adsorbents. When metals were simultaneously present, surface competition occurred. Surface modifications using NaOH or HNO3 improved the adsorption capacity of hydrochar, but the production yield of modified hydrochar was low when high concentration of acid was used for the surface modification.Lavandin straw can be valorised as solid fuel and adsorbent in an environmental and economic approach
Tomazzoni, Ana Cristina. "Ecologia da capivara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris, Linnaeus 1766) (Mammalia, Rodentia) na Reserva Biológica do Lami, sul do Brasil." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/3176.
Full textCongdon, Elizabeth R. "Natal dispersal and new group formation in capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) in a seasonally flooded savanna of Venezuela." Diss., St. Louis, Mo. : University of Missouri--St. Louis, 2007. http://etd.umsl.edu/r2441.
Full textSchimmelpfennig, Sonja [Verfasser]. "Carbon sequestration in temperate grassland soil : risks and opportunities of biochar and hydrochar application / Sonja Schimmelpfennig." Gießen : Universitätsbibliothek, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1074355156/34.
Full textAlves, Lidiane da Silva. "Anatomia descritiva do encéfalo, olho e órbita da capivara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris, Linnaeus, 1766) por meio da ressonância magnética." Botucatu, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/181099.
Full textResumo: Este estudo teve por objetivo descrever a anatomia das estruturas intracranianas em capivaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) in vivo por meio da ressonância magnética, propiciando informações mais detalhadas da anatomia encefálica e ocular desta espécie. Foram utilizados oito animais e duas peças anatômicas encefálicas para o estudo descritivo comparando-os com animais domésticos e outros roedores, sendo observado redução dos sulcos e giros cerebrais, bulbos olfatórios e hipófise proeminentes e evidenciação do ventrículo olfatório. Além das estruturas do encéfalo, foram avaliados também o bulbo ocular e a órbita desses animais obtendo a média (+ DP) do comprimento axial do bulbo ocular de 24,1 + 1,8 mm, profundidade da câmara anterior de 2,8 + 1,8 mm, espessura da lente de 8,5 + 0,7 mm e espessura do nervo óptico de 2,9 + 0,6 mm e 2,6 + 0,6 mm para o terço proximal e distal, respectivamente. Com esses estudos, foi possível concluir que capivaras apresentaram sulcos e giros em maior proporção do que outros roedores e a hipófise e bulbo olfatório dessa espécie foram mais amplos quando comparado aos animais domésticos. Além disso, as estruturas da órbita apresentaram melhor detalhamento da sequência T1 de ressonância magnética e que as medidas, apesar de serem utilizadas na rotina ultrassonográfica, podem ser utilizadas como complemento para o estudo da órbita de capivara por meio da ressonância magnética.
Abstract: The aim of this study was to describe the anatomy of intracranial structures in living capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) by means of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) providing more detailed information of brain, eye and orbit anatomy of this species. Eight capybaras and two anatomic encephalic specimens were used for the descriptive study comparing them with domestic animals and other rodents, observing reduction of the sulcus and gyrus, prominent olfactory bulb and pituitary, and presence of the olfactory ventricle. In addition, ocular bulb and orbit of these animals were also evaluated, obtaining the (+ SD) of the axial length of the eye bulb of 24.1 + 1.8 mm, anterior chamber depth of 2.8 + 0.6 mm, lens thickness of 8.5 + 0.7 mm, and optic nerve thickness of 2.6 + 0.6 and 2.9 + 0.6 mm from proximal to distal portion, respectively. In conclusion, capybaras had sulcus and gyrus in a greater proportion than other rodents and the hypophysis and olfactory bulb were more extensive when compared to domestic animals. In addition, the orbital structures presented better detail on T1 MR images and that measurements used in the ultrasound routine can be used as a complement for the study of the orbit of capybaras by means of MRI exams.
Doutor
Halpern, Alison D. "Hydrocharis morsus-ranae L. in the Upper St. Lawrence River in New York| Its Success Within Heterogenous Wetland Habitat and Potential Management Approaches." Thesis, State University of New York Col. of Environmental Science & Forestry, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10285951.
Full textEurasian frogs-bit, Hydrocharis morsus-ranae L. is a nonnative, invasive, free-floating freshwater macrophyte first deliberately introduced into Ottawa, Canada in 1932. Although the introduction, escape, and subsequent spread in North America are unusually well-documented for this invasive species, there is little information about its ecology, impacts, and management options. The purpose of this research was to examine the ecology of H. morsus-ranae in wetlands of the upper St. Lawrence River, specifically to better understand factors influencing its abundance across different wetland zones and whether a native semi-aquatic lepidopteran that was frequently associated with the plant could serve as a potential biocontrol agent. A wetland vegetation survey revealed that H. morsus-ranae is one of the most dominant species in these first- and second-order tributaries, but its presence does not appear to have any relationship with native species richness or diversity. A field study of H. morsus-ranae conducted in tributaries and embayments of the upper St. Lawrence River suggests that this species is a successful generalist that exhibits variations in productivity, resource allocation, morphology, and reproduction. This variability likely aids its ability to establish in different wetland habitat zones (robust emergent, floating vegetation, floating-leaved vegetation) that occur along water depth and light gradients. Hydrocharis morsus-ranae can be categorized as a competitive, ruderal, and stress-tolerant species in wetlands, based on Grime’s C-S-R life strategy model. A controlled, 3x3 factorial experiment was conducted to separate the effects of light and water depth on productivity and fitness of individual H. morsus-ranae plants. It revealed that there were interactions between the two factors and that under some light conditions, water depth was the stronger driver in plasticity and life history strategies. The information gathered for this dissertation provides a better understanding of the role of light and depth on performance of H. morsus-ranae and the potential use of a native insect for biocontrol. Findings may prove useful in developing management strategies for this invasive plant.
Multhaupt, Hendrik [Verfasser], Michael [Akademischer Betreuer] Wark, Adrian [Akademischer Betreuer] Schumpe, and Axel [Akademischer Betreuer] Brehm. "Potential of hydrochars obtained by hydrothermal carbonization under saline conditions / Hendrik Multhaupt ; Michael Wark, Adrian Schumpe, Axel Brehm." Oldenburg : BIS der Universität Oldenburg, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1155533070/34.
Full textMulthaupt, Hendrik Verfasser], Michael [Akademischer Betreuer] [Wark, Adrian Akademischer Betreuer] Schumpe, and Axel [Akademischer Betreuer] [Brehm. "Potential of hydrochars obtained by hydrothermal carbonization under saline conditions / Hendrik Multhaupt ; Michael Wark, Adrian Schumpe, Axel Brehm." Oldenburg : BIS der Universität Oldenburg, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1155533070/34.
Full textNaisse, Christophe. "Potentiel de séquestration de carbone des biochars et hydrochars, et impact après plusieurs siècles sur le fonctionnement du sol." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066518.
Full textBiochars and hydrochars production can form amendments enriched in aromatic carbon, potentially recalcitrant against microbial degradation, while massively producing renewable energy. These amendments are aimed to increase soil organic matter (SOM) quantity, and soil fertility. However, due to the diversity of their feedstock and production processes, misunderstandings exist on the potential of these materials to store C in soil at short and long term. In addition, methods to rapidly evaluate the long-term stability of these materials remain to be developed, in order to allow users to determine the quality of these new amendments. This work was consisted for assessing the stability of biochar and hydrochars, biologically by soil incubations, and chemically by oxidation with acid dichromate. The biochar showed a high level of biological and chemical stability, allowing to storage a large amount of carbon throughout the century. In opposite, the hydrochars might not allow sequestering massively carbon beyond the decade, due to its lower biological and chemical stability. The hydrochars induced a positive priming effect (stimulation) while biochar induced a negative priming effect (protection). Physical weathering of both materials led to an increase of stability and a decrease of the priming effect, highlighting the importance of environmental factors in evaluation of strategies for sequestering carbon. Charcoal kiln soils were used as a model for long-term study of the input of biochar in soil after several centuries. Their analysis showed that the contribution of biochar sustainably improves the physicochemical properties of the soil, such as clay content, cation exchange capacity (CEC), amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, and soluble carbon. However, after several centuries of biochar amendment, microbial communities showed no specific adaptation to the degradation of a new biochar input. In this soil model, the input of plant residues resulted in a negative priming effect. Thus, the contribution of biochar in generating specific conditions, allows the maintenance of microbial communities with the ability to switch of substrates, for a new source of substrates more easily degradable. Further works are needed to assess the stability of biochar in soil-plant system
Delgado, Dillman. "Effects of Fertilizer from Hydrochar Septage on Growth and Physiological Responses of Miscanthus x giganteus and Spinacea oleracea." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1597670411514447.
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