Relevant bibliographies by topics / Hydro-mechanical loading

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Academic literature on the topic 'Hydro-mechanical loading'

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Published: 20 December 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Hydro-mechanical loading"

Hao, Qi-Jun, Zhao-Peng Zhang, Xin-Zhong Wang, Ru Zhang, An-Lin Zhang, Lan-Bin Zhang, and Chen-Di Lou. "Study on mechanical properties and acoustic emission response of deep granite under hydro-mechanical coupling." Thermal Science 27, no. 1 Part B (2023): 631–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci2301631h.

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The study on the mechanical response of deep rock under hydromechanical couplings condition can guide the safe excavation and stability evaluation of deep tunnel engineering. The effects of monotonic loading and cyclic loading on the mechanical properties of granite under 5 MPa pore water pressure and 10 MPa confining pressure were studied by laboratory tests. Before the peak stress, the permeability under monotonic loading was significantly higher than that under cyclic loading, and the permeability under cyclic loading increased sharply after the peak stress. There were two active periods of the acoustic emission energy before peak stress under monotonic loading, but it was always in relative quiet period under cyclic loading before peak stress. Based on the energy theory, the energy evolution of granite was discussed. The dissipation energy can better reflect the effect of loading mode on the energy evolution.

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Ashrafi, Mehran, Farzan Ghalichi, Behnam Mirzakouchaki, and Iman Zoljanahi Oskui. "Numerical simulation of hydro-mechanical coupling of periodontal ligament." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine 234, no. 2 (November 13, 2019): 171–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954411919887071.

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Orthodontic tooth movement in the alveolar bone is due to the mechanical response of periodontal ligament to applied forces. Definition of a proper constitutive model of the periodontal ligament to investigate its response to orthodontic loading is required. For this purpose, a three-dimensional finite element model of incisor tooth, periodontal ligament, and bone was built utilizing the hydro-mechanical coupling theory. Tooth displacement in response to orthodontic loading was then investigated, and the effect of different mechanical behaviors assigned to the solid phase of the periodontal ligament was compared. Results showed that where the periodontal ligament was placed in tension, pore volume was filled with fluid intake from the bone, but fluid flow direction was from the periodontal ligament toward the bone where the periodontal ligament was placed in compression. Because of the existence of interaction between solid and fluid phases of the periodontal ligament, considering biphasic material formulation was capable to address its microscopic behavior as well as time-dependent and large deformation behaviors. This article provides beneficial biomechanical data for future dental studies in determination of optimal orthodontic force.

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Zhou, Yimeng, Cheng Zhao, Chunfeng Zhao, Chuangchuang Ma, and Junfei Xie. "Experimental Study on the Fracturing Behaviors and Mechanical Properties of Cracks under Coupled Hydro-Mechanical Effects in Rock-like Specimens." Water 10, no. 10 (September 29, 2018): 1355. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10101355.

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The artificial fracturing technique under coupled hydro-mechanical effects is widely used in many rock engineering. Therefore, the study on the fracturing behaviors and mechanical properties of hydro-mechanical coupled cracks is very crucial. In this study, a series of fracturing tests were conducted on the cylinder gypsum specimens with single pre-existing cracks using triaxial compression loading system. Water pressure was applied inside the pre-existing cracks and led to the specimen failure with external compression loading. A new type of cracks, namely horizontal coupled cracks (HCC), were found in some specimens. Macroscopic observations reveal that HCC, which were mainly caused by the hydraulic pressure, were different from any tensile wing cracks, shear secondary cracks, or shear anti-wing cracks. Subsequently, a microscopic study was performed using scanning electron microscope (SEM), the outcomes suggest that: (1) Shear fracturing zones (SFZ) and tensile fracturing zones (TFZ) under coupled hydro-mechanical effects displayed distinct characteristics on orientations, length, and independence of gypsum grains; and (2) the HCC were tensile cracks when they just initiated from outer tips of pre-existing cracks. While tensile stress made major contribution to the specimen failure during the whole fracturing processes, the HCC became tensile and shear mixed cracks when the specimen was about to fail.

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Song, Zhixiang, Junwen Zhang, and Shaokang Wu. "Energy Dissipation and Fracture Mechanism of Layered Sandstones under Coupled Hydro-Mechanical Unloading." Processes 11, no. 7 (July 7, 2023): 2041. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr11072041.

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Rock burst is easy to occur in the water-rich roadway of coal mines, which is closely related to the energy dissipation and fracture mechanism of rocks under coupled hydro-mechanical (H-M) unloading. Therefore, in combination with the triaxial loading and unloading process and H-M coupling effect, the mechanical test of layered sandstones under coupled hydro-mechanical unloading (TLUTP) was conducted. The energy dissipation and fracture mechanism were revealed. The results show that: (1) The influence of layered angles on the peak volumetric strain is more sensitive than that of confining pressure under conventional triaxial loading with H-M coupling (CTLTP). On the contrary, the influence of confining pressure on the peak volumetric strain is more sensitive than that of layered angles under TLUTP. (2) With increasing layered angles, the peak elastic energy density under CTLTP shows the “W” shaped evolution characteristic, while that of under TLUTP shows the “N” shaped evolution characteristic. (3) The “Energy Flow” chain is proposed. Meanwhile, combined with the domino effect and the structural evolution theory, the energy dissipation and fracture mechanism of layered sandstones under coupled hydro-mechanical unloading are both revealed. The conclusions obtained can provide certain fundamental theoretical references for the effective prevention of rock burst in a layered water-rich roadway.

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Alcantara, Arisleidy Mesa, Enrique Romero, Nadia Mokni, and Sebastià Olivella. "Microstructural and hydro-mechanical behaviour of bentonite pellets and powder mixtures." E3S Web of Conferences 195 (2020): 04003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202019504003.

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Binary mixtures of high-density MX-80 bentonite pellets (80%) and bentonite powder (20%) at hygroscopic water content have been recently considered as an alternative engineered barrier system for the long-term disposal of radioactive wastes. These mixtures display a dry density of around 1.49 Mg/m3 on pouring and present components with multi-modal pore size distributions that significantly evolve during the hydro-mechanical paths. To better understand the hydro-mechanical behaviour of this multiple porosity mixture, the contribution initially focuses on describing the initial state, as well as the main microstructural features determined by mercury intrusion porosimetry tests for the mix and each of the components (pellets and powder). Afterwards, hydro-mechanical results of both components and the mixture are presented. The hydraulic results focus on the water retention and water permeability, while the mechanical tests concentrate on the compressibility properties on loading.

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Zhao, Youqun, Han Xu, Yaoji Deng, and Qiuwei Wang. "Multi-objective optimization for ride comfort of hydro-pneumatic suspension vehicles with mechanical elastic wheel." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 233, no. 11 (October 8, 2018): 2714–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954407018804909.

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The new mechanical elastic wheel has the following advantages: non-pneumatic, anti-puncture, and explosion-proof. However, the larger radial stiffness is detrimental to vehicle ride comfort. To solve this problem, an integrated design method of hydro-pneumatic suspension matching mechanical elastic wheel is proposed in this paper. First, the nonlinear radial stiffness of mechanical elastic wheel is fitted by static loading experiment. Next, the mathematical model of hydro-pneumatic suspension is derived. Then, a half-car model, integrating hydro-pneumatic suspension and mechanical elastic wheel, is established. Finally, the top two optimization objectives, including vertical centroid acceleration root mean square and pitch acceleration root mean square, are optimized simultaneously, based on the Pareto multi-objective artificial fish swarm algorithm. The obtained results show that the optimization effect of multi-objective artificial fish swarm algorithm is obvious; the two optimization objectives have been optimized significantly. The proposed method that hydro-pneumatic suspension integrated with mechanical elastic wheel gains critical reference value for the design and optimization of vehicle chassis in theory and practice.

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Nishimura, Tomoyoshi. "Cyclic behaviour of an unsaturated silty soil subjected to hydro-mechanical damage." E3S Web of Conferences 195 (2020): 03037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202019503037.

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The dynamic behaviour of unsaturated soil subjected to cyclic loading is considered using two stress state variables, net normal stress and matric suction. Though the influence of excess pore-water pressures in fully saturated soils has been investigated through experimental works for decades, it is significant in practice for unsaturated soil dynamic behaviour to be compared to saturated soil dynamic strength-deformation properties. Matric suction can be described as a scalar, which is useful in establishing safety factors and in mathematical simulations. This study focused on the dynamic behaviour of unsaturated soil leading to liquefaction failure. Solving practical problems requires considering the properties of unsaturated soil subjected to creep before introducing dynamic loading effects. This testing program consisted of a creep test and a cyclic loading test. Notably, a low suction range of soil structure is closely related to large deformations or leads to failure impacting the resistance of soil particle cohesion, including the macro-micro structure. Creep force was applied under lateral confining pressure, and suction measurements are indicating a gradual growth of excess pore-water pressure. Moreover, this study considered a dynamic triaxial compression test under the undrained condition for unsaturated soil with suction and creep history.

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Galek, Artur, Harald Moser, Thomas Ring, Matthias Zeiml, Josef Eberhardsteiner, and Roman Lackner. "Mechanical and Transport Properties of Concrete at High Temperatures." Applied Mechanics and Materials 24-25 (June 2010): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.24-25.1.

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When concrete structures are subjected to fire loading, temperature-dependent degradation of the material properties as well as spalling of near-surface concrete layers has a considerable effect on the load-carrying capacity and, hence, the safety of these structures. Spalling is caused by interacting thermo-hydro-chemo-mechanical processes with both mechanical and transport properties playing an important role. Within experimental research activities at the IMWS, these properties are subject of investigation, i.e., (i) the strain behavior of concrete under combined thermal and mechanical loading and (ii) the permeability increase of temperature-loaded concrete and cement paste.

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Yu, Hongdan, Weizhong Chen, Zhe Gong, Xianjun Tan, and Diansen Yang. "Loading-unloading behavior of a clayey rock under thermo-hydro-mechanical conditions." International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences 148 (December 2021): 104966. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2021.104966.

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Ghasemzadeh, H., and S. A. Ghoreishian Amiri. "A hydro-mechanical elastoplastic model for unsaturated soils under isotropic loading conditions." Computers and Geotechnics 51 (June 2013): 91–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compgeo.2013.02.006.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Hydro-mechanical loading"

Han, Bo. "Hydro-mechanical coupling in numerical analysis of geotechnical structures under multi-directional seismic loading." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/28683.

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This thesis numerically investigates the seismic behaviour of geotechnical structures under multi-directional loading by employing the coupled hydro-mechanical (HM) formulation of the Imperial College Finite Element Program (ICFEP). The scope of the research work can be summarised as follows: Firstly, the stability of the generalised-α method (CH method) for the coupled consolidation formulation, is analytically investigated for the first time and the corresponding theoretical stability conditions are derived. The analytically derived stability conditions are validated by finite element (FE) analyses considering a range of loading conditions and soil permeability values. Secondly, the site response due to the vertical component of the ground motion is systematically investigated by employing analytical and numerical methods. The compressional wave propagation mechanism in saturated porous soils is investigated by the coupled HM formulation. Furthermore, the undertaken coupled FE analyses explore the effects of the parameters characterising the hydraulic phase, i.e. the soil permeability and soil state conditions, on the vertical site response. Thirdly, three-directional (3-D) site response analyses are conducted for the HINO site of the Japanese KiK-net down-hole array earthquake monitoring system. Different aspects of the numerical modelling for the site response analysis, such as the constitutive model, the use of 3-D input motion and the coupled consolidation formulation, are investigated and validated by the recordings from the KiK-net system. Further parametric studies investigate the impact of the variation of the water table, the soil permeability and the 3-D input motion on the multi-directional site response. Finally, the seismic response of a well-documented Chinese rockfill dam, the Yele dam, is investigated with the dynamic plane-strain FE analysis, accounting for the HM coupling and nonlinear soil response. The numerical predictions are compared against the available static and dynamic monitoring data, which allows for a rigorous validation of the developed numerical model. Furthermore, parametric studies of the Yele dam are conducted to explore the effects of several critical factors on the seismic response of rockfill dams, i.e. the reservoir simulation method, the permeability of materials comprising the dam body, the vertical ground motion and the reservoir water level.

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Al, Nemer Rana. "Effect of two-phase fluid percolation on remodeling of geo-materials." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ECDN0012.

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L'objectif de neutralité carbone reposant massivement sur les sources d'énergie renouvelables peut être accéléré en envisageant la séquestration souterraine du CO2 et le stockage souterrain (i) de l'hydrogène produit par l'électrolyse de l'eau à partir d'électricité renouvelable et (ii) du méthane synthétisé produit par la méthanisation. Cependant, l'injection de ces fluides dans des aquifères salins profonds peut déclencher des instabilités locales sous la forme de digitations, qui sont les précurseurs d'instabilités macroscopiques telles que la microsismicité, l'affaissement ou le gonflement du sol. L'interaction entre le fluide injecté, le fluide résidentiel et le milieu poreux hôte est un problème complexe. Pour étudier la réponse d'un squelette solide percolé par un écoulement diphasique instable, une machine originale bi-axiale adaptée aux géo-matériaux partiellement saturés et fournissant un contrôle hydro- mécanique, a été mise en place. Des expériences de drainage ont été menées sur des échantillons de sable saturés en eau et chargés mécaniquement, par injection d'air via une pression capillaire imposée. Un protocol d’essai détaillant les étapes nécessaires à la réussite du test de drainage, allant de la préparation de l'échantillon à l'injection d'air, a été établi. Grâce à un système optique haute résolution, l'infiltration de l’air à travers un ou plusieurs chemins préférentiels dans le milieu granulaire, a été acquise. Le suivi du ou des doigts a nécessité le développement d'un algorithme robuste permettant la détection automatique de l'interface pour l'ensemble des images disponibles. De plus, le réarrangement de la squelette granulaire induit par la percolation du fluide a été quantifié via la corrélation d'images numériques par éléments finis. Le couplage entre la propagation de l'interface et les déformations localisées a été mesuré quantitativement en fonction du chargement mécanique, contrôlé par la contrainte effective. Les résultats ont montré une corrélation entre le chargement mécanique et la percolation hétérogène sous la forme de digitation et de déformations localisées
The goal of carbon neutrality relying massively on the renewable energy sources can be accelerated by considering underground CO2 sequestration and underground storage of (i) hydrogen produced by the water electrolysis from renewable electricity, and (ii) synthesized methane produced by the methanation. However, the injection of these fluids into deep saline aquifers, can trigger local instabilities in the form of fluid fingering, which are precursors of macroscopic instabilities such as micro-seismicity, subsidence or ground swelling. The interaction between the injected fluid, the residential one and the host porous medium is a complex problem. To investigate the response of a solid skeleton percolated by an unsteady bi-phasic flow, an original bi-axial machine adapted to partially saturated geo-materials and providing a hydro-mechanical control, has been set-up. Drainage experiments have been conducted on mechanically loaded water-saturated sand samples by injecting air via an imposed capillary pressure. A testing protocol detailing the steps required to achieve successful drainage test, starting from sample preparation to air injection, has been established. Thanks to a high resolution optical system, the air infiltration through preferential pathway(s) within the granular medium, has been acquired. The monitoring of the propagating finger(s) has required the development of robust algorithm allowing the automatic interface detection for the set of available images. In addition, the skeleton remodeling driven by the fluid percolation has been quantified via finite- element based digital image correlation. The coupling between interface propagation and localized strains has been quantitatively measured as function of the mechanical loading, controlled by the effective stress. The results have shown a correlation between mechanical loading and the heterogeneous percolation in the form of fingering and localized strains

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Tognevi, Amen. "Modélisation multi-échelle et simulation du comportement thermo-hydro-mécanique du béton avec représentation explicite de la fissuration." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00861173.

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Les structures en béton des centrales nucléaires peuvent être soumises à des contraintes thermo- hydriques modérées, caractérisées par des températures de l'ordre de la centaine de degrés aussi bien en conditions de service qu'accidentelles. Ces contraintes peuvent être à l'origine de désordres importants notamment la fissuration qui a pour effet d'accélérer les transferts hydriques dans la structure. Dans le cadre de l'étude de la durabilité de ces structures, le modèle THMs a été développé au Laboratoire d'Etude du Comportement des Bétons et des Argiles (LECBA) du CEA Saclay pour simuler le comportement du béton face à des sollicitations couplées thermo-hydro-mécaniques. Dans cette thèse on s'est intéressé à l'amélioration dans le modèle THMs d'une part de l'estimation des paramètres mécaniques et hydromécaniques du matériau en conditions partiellement saturées et en présence de fissuration et d'autre part de la description de la fissuration. La première partie a été consacrée à la mise au point d'un modèle basé sur une description multi-échelle de la microstructure des matériaux cimentaires, en partant de l'échelle des principaux hydrates (portlandite, ettringite, C-S-H, etc.) jusqu'à l'échelle macroscopique du matériau fissuré. Les paramètres investigués sont obtenus à chaque échelle de la description par des techniques d'homogénéisation analytiques. Dans la seconde partie on s'est attaché à décrire numériquement de façon précise la fissuration notamment en termes d'ouverture, de localisation et de propagation. Pour cela une méthode de réanalyse éléments finis/éléments discrets a été proposée et validée sur différents cas-test de chargement mécanique. Enfin la procédure a été mise en œuvre dans le cas d'un mur chauffé et une méthode de recalcul de la perméabilité a été proposée permettant de montrer l'intérêt de la prise en compte de l'anisotropie du tenseur de perméabilité lorsqu'on s'intéresse à l'étude des transferts de masse dans une structure en béton fissurée. Mots clés : matériaux cimentaires, homogénéisation, modélisation multi-échelle, microfissures, éléments discrets, éléments finis, chargements thermo-hydro-mécaniques.

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Book chapters on the topic "Hydro-mechanical loading"

Sharifzadeh, M., S. A. Mehrishal, Y. Mitani, and T. Esaki. "Hydro-mechanical coupling of rock joints during normal and shear loading." In Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 683–720. Leiden, The Netherlands; Boca Raton: CRC Press/Balkema, [2017]– |Includes bibliographical references and index. Contents: volume 1. Principles: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315364223-20.

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Yaghoubi, Ehsan, Mahdi M. Disfani, Arul Arulrajah, Jayantha Kodikara, and Asmaa Al-Taie. "Hydro-Mechanical Behavior of Unsaturated Unbound Pavement Materials Under Repeated and Static Loading." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 377–90. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-77238-3_28.

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Tong, Anh Tuan, and Nguyen Hoang Phuong Luong. "Numerical model of hydro–mechanical coupling DEM–PFV and application for simulation of settlement of soil saturated in embankment due to static loading." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 745–50. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0802-8_118.

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Hamdi, Seif Eddine, Rostand Moutou Pitti, Frédéric Dubois, and Bernard Bangagoye. "Impact of Hydro-Mechanical Loadings on Rupture Process in Wood Material." In Challenges in Mechanics of Time Dependent Materials, Volume 2, 127–34. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41543-7_16.

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Guo, Xueli, Jun Li, Yang Yu, and Gonghui Liu. "Influence of Cement Defection on Casing Stress Under Cyclic Loading During Multi-stage Hydro-Fracturing." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 1039–54. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0107-0_99.

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Rojas, Eduardo. "Hydro-Mechanical Coupling." In Towards a Unified Soil Mechanics Theory: The Use of Effective Stresses in Unsaturated Soils (Third Edition), 203–21. BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/9789815050356122010014.

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The phenomenon of hysteresis during wetting-drying cycles can be simulated using the porous-solid model developed in Chapter 3. This model employs the current pore-size distribution of the material. The term “current pore-size distribution” means that the size of pores can be updated as the soil deforms. In that sense, the porous-solid model can be used advantageously for the development of fully coupled hydro-mechanical constitutive models, as the influence of the volumetric deformation on the retention curves and effective stresses can be easily assessed. By including some experimental observations related to the behavior of the pore size distribution of soils subjected to loading or suction increase, volume change can be related to the reduction in the size of macropores. This methodology avoids the necessity of any additional parameter or calibration procedure for the hydromechanical coupling of unsaturated soils.

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"Stability and integrity of salt caverns under consideration of hydro-mechanical loading." In Mechanical Behaviour of Salt VIII, 229–40. CRC Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b18393-30.

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Ma, Hongyan, Feng Zhang, Ruxin Jing, and Decheng Feng. "Frost heave of saturated silty clay under thermal-hydro-mechanical loading." In Functional Pavement Design, 801–11. CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315643274-88.

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Jiang, Q. H., M. R. Yeung, and N. Sun. "Modelling Groundwater Pressure and Thermal Loading in Three-Dimensional Discontinuous Deformation Analysis." In Coupled Thermo-Hydro-Mechanical-Chemical Processes in Geo-Systems - Fundamentals, Modelling, Experiments and Applications, 471–76. Elsevier, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1571-9960(04)80085-5.

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Cerfontaine, B., R. Charlier, and F. Collin. "Modelling of the lateral loading of bucket foundations in sand using hydro-mechanical interface elements." In Numerical Methods in Geotechnical Engineering IX, 1519–27. CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351003629-191.

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Conference papers on the topic "Hydro-mechanical loading"

Guo, Zhi-guang, Chang-jiang Ao, and Yong-Fu Liu. "Thermo-hydro-mechanical Responses of Unsaturated Media under Temperature Loading." In IEEA 2021: 2021 The 10th International Conference on Informatics, Environment, Energy and Applications. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3458359.3458373.

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Koudelka, Tomáš, Tomáš Krejčí, and Jaroslav Kruis. "Coupled hydro-mechanical model for the cyclic loading of foundation strip." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF NUMERICAL ANALYSIS AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS ICNAAM 2020. AIP Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0081436.

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Seyedi, Darius, Gilles Armand, Nathalie Conil, Manon Vitel, and Minh-Ngoc Vu. "On the Thermo-Hydro-Mechanical Pressurization in Callovo-Oxfordian Claystone under Thermal Loading." In Sixth Biot Conference on Poromechanics. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784480779.093.

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Liu, Xiaojing, Cong Wang, Feng Li, Penghui Liu, and Fei Wang. "Effects of hydraulic pressure loading paths on the forming of automobile panels by hydro-mechanical deep drawing based on numerical simulation." In 2011 6th International Forum on Strategic Technology (IFOST). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ifost.2011.6020977.

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Winhausen, L., K. Khaledi, M. Jalali, and F. Amann. "Insights into the Anisotropic, Hydro-Mechanical Behavior of Opalinus Clay Through Experimental and Microstructural Investigations." In 56th U.S. Rock Mechanics/Geomechanics Symposium. ARMA, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56952/arma-2022-2075.

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ABSTRACT: For analyzing the influence of structural anisotropy on the hydro-mechanical behavior of a clay shale, we performed three consolidated, undrained triaxial compression tests with different geometric specimen configurations. Opalinus Clay specimens were tested with bedding plane orientations of 30°, 60°, and 90° with respect to the horizontal. Results indicated different peak strengths at failure with highest and lowest values for the 90° and 30°-specimens, respectively. Failure occurred at different mean effective stresses with different magnitudes of pore water pressure built up. The 30°-specimen showed a decreasing effective mean stress up to and beyond failure compared to the initial effective consolidation stress of 10 MPa, while the 90°-specimen increased in effective mean stress during undrained loading. Dilation was found to be highest in the 30°-specimen and lowest in the 60°-specimen, demonstrated by both the effective stress path and the post-experimental microstructural analysis of the shear zones. The macroscopic shear band formed parallel to the bedding plane orientation for the specimen loaded in 60°-orientation. Here, only minor microstructural fabric changes such as increased porosity or deformed grain structures were observed, which verifies the minor volume changes inferred from the effective stress path. 1. INTRODUCTION Anisotropic rocks play an important role for engineering applications in the subsurface. Transversal isotropy is commonly associated with layered sedimentary or metamorphic rock such as sand- and siltstones, mud- or clay rocks, shales, slates and schists. Clay-rich rocks are currently investigated for their application as geological barriers in nuclear waste repositories in many countries (e.g. Belgium, Canada, France, Germany, Japan, Switzerland, United Kingdom and the United States). The hydro-mechanical response around a repository tunnel during and after the excavation is influenced by the anisotropy of the rock. The anisotropy ratio, i.e., the ratio between rock properties parallel and normal to the plane of transversal isotropy, has been investigated in a variety of experimental studies (e.g. Wild and Amann, 2018; Minardi et al., 2021). However, these two endmember orientations, i.e., 0° and 90° between the loading direction and the plane of anisotropy, cover only a minor portion of geometrical constellations around the full tunnel circumference (Fig. 1.). For the majority of geometric constellations the plane of structural anisotropy, i.e., the bedding or foliation, is oblique to the tangential stress orientation. Favorable boundary conditions for a nuclear waste repository include tectonically-inactive sites, where the bedding is oriented (sub-)horizontally and the major principle stresses are oriented vertically and horizontally. Fig. 1. shows the anticipated geometric constellation in a sub-horizontal layered clay shale at large depth. Although stress rotation may take place during excavation, this simplified sketch suggests that the two endmember constellations, where maximum load is oriented parallel (P-configuration) and perpendicular (S-configuration) to the plane of anisotropy, are limited at the roof/top and the side walls of the tunnel, respectively. All other constellations represent an oblique orientation of the tangential stress in respect to the bedding plane orientation (further referred to as Z-configuration).

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Talukdar, Parag K., Vinayak Kulkarni, Dipankar Dehingia, and Ujjwal K. Saha. "Evaluation of a Model Helical Bladed Hydrokinetic Turbine Characteristics From In-Situ Experiments." In ASME 2017 11th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2017 Power Conference Joint With ICOPE-17, the ASME 2017 15th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology, and the ASME 2017 Nuclear Forum. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2017-3490.

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Hydro power has always been a major source of electricity generation among different renewable energy technologies. However, due to the construction of dams, the conventional hydro energy extraction techniques cause disturbance to the ecology by diverting the natural flow of water and migrating population from their native land. Of late, energy extraction from the natural flow of water is considered as potential source of renewable power since it is clean and reliable. In view of this, the present study deals with the development and performance characterization of a vertical-axis helical-bladed hydrokinetic turbine. Considering the various design parameters, a NACA 0020 bladed vertical-axis turbine of solidity ratio 0.38 and aspect ratio 1.0 has been developed. In-situ experiments have been carried out at an irrigation sluice having a water velocity of 1.1 m/s. Further, its performance characteristics are evaluated at different mechanical loading conditions with the help of a mechanical dynamometer. It has been observed that the developed helical-bladed turbine demonstrates a peak power coefficient of 0.16 at a tip-speed ratio of 0.85. The present experimental investigation has clearly demonstrated the usefulness of the hydrokinetic turbine. It has also been logged that the average water velocity at the concerned site has a great importance on the turbine design.

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Zou, Tao, Wenjie Liu, Mingxin Li, and Longbin Tao. "Fatigue Assessment on Reverse–Balanced Flange Connections In Offshore Floating Wind Turbine Towers." In ASME 2021 40th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2021-64973.

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Abstract Offshore floating wind turbines (FWTs) in deep water experience cyclic loadings from both environment and mechanical operations. For FWTs, the upper turbine and tower are mainly subjected to wind loading; and the floater is subjected to wave forces. It has been widely accepted that there is a strong coupling between the floater motions and the turbine forces. As the tower is placed between the upper wind turbine and the floater, both wind and wave loadings affect the cyclic forces on the tower. The construction of towers makes use of prefabricated segments. These prefabricated segments are bolted together with flanges at either end. The paper aims to investigate the axial hotspot stress on FWT’s tower base and analyze its induced fatigue damage at the welding joints around the flanges. A coupled aero-hydro-servo-elastic analysis is conducted to simulate the motion of FWTs. Then, the local welding joint along the reverse-balanced flange connection is modeled to consider the influence of local geometry. At last, the hourly fatigue damages at four locations over the tower base section are compared.

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On, Thinh, Tan Nguyen, and Robert Balch. "Experimental and Probability-Based Approaches to Estimate Leakage Rates in Plugged and Abandoned Wells in CO2-Enhanced Oil Recovery Fields." In ASME 2022 41st International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2022-80974.

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Abstract When a well is at the end of its lifetime, it must be permanently plugged and abandoned to prevent fluid migration. Federal and local governmental authorities in different regions regulate plug and abandonment activities by setting minimum requirements for oil and gas operators. The regulatory requirements should be informed by an understanding of how wellbore damage occurs. Near-wellbore environments may experience long-term and complex coupled hydro-mechanical-chemical processes, such as those at CO2-enhanced oil recovery fields, where internal pressure loading on the casing varies greatly and essentially unpredictably due to changing injection operations, production operations, and/or reservoir flow conditions. The time-varying loading inside the wellbore may result in damage to the wellbore cement, especially the bond between casing and cement. We present results of an experimental setup that simulates the representative cement, casing, and internal casing pressure for field conditions, including measurement of evolving cement permeability and X-ray computed tomography to quantify near-wellbore damage and potentially identify damage mechanisms due to time-dependent and cyclic loading. Findings include an increase in cement permeability due to cyclic loading and the chloride ion’s effects on steel corrosion. We include a case study for a well in the Farnsworth Unit, Texas, where the cement plug was designed based on the minimum requirements of U.S. regulations. Based on the experimental results of permeability increase due to cyclic loading, we develop a probability-based approach for well-integrity using a normal distribution and rejection sampling to estimate potential leakage rates through the cement plug.

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Talukdar, Parag K., Vinayak Kulkarni, Amarendra K. Das, Santosha K. Dwivedy, Sashindra Kumar Kakoty, Pinakeswar Mahanta, and Ujjwal K. Saha. "In-Situ Experiments to Estimate the Performance Characteristics of a Double-Step Helical-Bladed Hydrokinetic Turbine." In ASME 2017 Gas Turbine India Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gtindia2017-4572.

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With the rising level of greenhouse gas emissions and fuel prices, the hydrokinetic turbines have become increasingly popular for electricity generation in rural and remote areas teemed with small river streams. Such lift-based helical-bladed hydrokinetic turbines were invented over a decade ago, however, they could not find their wide application in commercial power generation. The present investigation deals with the in-situ experiments of a double-step three-bladed helical hydrokinetic turbine for possible electricity generation. Further, its performance is compared with that of a conventional single-step helical-bladed turbine. The main parameters that influence the performance of a helical-bladed hydro turbine are solidity ratio, blade wrap ratio, helix angle, blade profile and number of blades. In the present work, the helical NACA 0022 bladed turbines with solidity ratio of 0.20 and blade wrap ratio of 1.0 have been developed. The developed single and double-step configurations have been field-tested in the Brahmaputra river and their performance characteristics are estimated at different mechanical loading conditions using mechanical dynamometer.

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Osorio, Henry. "The Influence of Time in the Management of the Weather and External Forces Hazard Regarding Mass Movements." In ASME 2017 International Pipeline Geotechnical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipg2017-2508.

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The Weather and External Forces hazard (WEF) is considered in ASME B31.8 as a non-time-dependent hazard due to its random nature and the high uncertainty of the effects on pipelines given the occurrence of natural events, especially associated with hydro and geotechnical processes. Although there is a wide range of events associated with geological, hydrological and hydraulic conditions (among other things) that can affect a certain infrastructure, only a limited number of these geohazards can cause direct damage to hydrocarbon transportation infrastructure. The identification and understanding of a ground failure process and its association with the susceptibility or physical fragility of the pipeline facing the potential adverse effects of a hazard event, allow to estimate the conditional probability of pipeline failure under loading stresses induced by the event and to estimate the actions needed to mitigate this hazard with methodologies ranging from approaches of structured expert knowledge to methods of structured analysis that incorporate incorporating subsurface investigation, detailed study of the results from terrain monitoring, pipeline and triggering agents through mechanical modeling. This document presents a technical proposal for the management of geohazards which, due to the nature and characteristics of the instability processes and its relation with the activity of triggering agents, and the vulnerability of the pipeline, allow them to be analyzed as time dependent.

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