Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Hydraulic infrastructure'
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1
Bond, Laura. "Impacts of Hydraulic Fracturing Infrastructure on Storm Runoff Characteristics." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1469028846.
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El-Askari, Khaled Mohamed Samir. "A methodology for expenditure planning of irrigation infrastructure using hydraulic modelling techniques." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.301042.
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Camacho, Gema Liliana. "GIS-based tool for assessing hydraulic performance of drainage infrastructure system in El Paso." To access this resource online via ProQuest Dissertations and Theses @ UTEP, 2009. http://0-proquest.umi.com.lib.utep.edu/login?COPT=REJTPTU0YmImSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=2515.
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O'Brien, Patrick S. "A Framework for the Analysis of Coastal Infrastructure Vulnerability under Global Sea Level Rise." Thesis, Colorado State University, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10639192.
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The assumption of hydrologic stationarity has formed the basis of coastal design to date. At the beginning of the 21st century, the impact of climate variability and future climate change on coastal water levels has become apparent through long term tide gauge records, and anecdotal evidence of increased nuisance tidal flooding in coastal areas. Recorded impacts of global sea rise on coastal water levels have been documented over the past 100 to 150 years, and future water levels will continue to change at increasing, unknown rates, resulting in the need to consider the impacts of these changes on past coastal design assumptions. New coastal infrastructure plans, and designs should recognize the paradigm shift in assumptions from hydrologic stationarity to non-stationarity in coastal water levels. As we transition into the new paradigm, there is a significant knowledge gap which must address built coastal infrastructure vulnerability based on the realization that the underlying design assumptions may be invalid.
A framework for the evaluation of existing coastal infrastructure is proposed to effectively assess vulnerability. The framework, called the Climate Preparedness and Resilience Register (CPRR) provides the technical basis for assessing existing and future performance. The CPRR framework consists of four major elements: (1) datum adjustment, (2) coastal water levels, (3) scenario projections and (4) performance thresholds. The CPRR framework defines methodologies which: (1) adjust for non-stationarity in coastal water levels and correctly make projections under multiple scenarios; (2) account for past and future tidal to geodetic datum adjustments; and (3) evaluate past and future design performance by applying performance models to determine the performance thresholds. The framework results are reproducible and applicable to a wide range of coastal infrastructure types in diverse geographic areas.
The framework was applied in two case studies of coastal infrastructure on the east and west coasts of the United States. The east coast case study on the Stamford Hurricane Barrier (SHB) at Stamford CT, investigated the navigation gate closures of the SHB project. The framework was successfully applied using two performance models based on function and reliability to determine the future time frame at which relative sea level rise (RSLR) would cause Navigation Gate closures to occur once per week on average or 52 per year. The closure time analysis also showed the impact of closing the gate earlier to manage internal drainage to the Harbor area behind the Stamford Hurricane Barrier. These analyses were made for three future sea level change (SLC) scenarios.
The west coast case study evaluated four infrastructure elements at the San Francisco Waterfront, one building and three transportation elements. The CPRR framework applied two performance models based on elevation and reliability to assess the vulnerability to flooding under four SLC scenarios. An elevation-based performance model determined a time horizon for flood impacts for king tides, 10 and 100-year annual exceedance events. The reliability-based performance model provided a refinement of results obtained in the elevation-based model due to the addition of uncertainty to the four infrastructure elements.
The CPRR framework and associated methodologies were successfully applied to assess the vulnerability of two coastal infrastructure types and functions in geographically diverse areas on the east and west coasts of the United States.
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Pickard, Brian D. "Development of A GIS Based Infrastructure Replacement Prioritization System; A Case Study." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0001496.
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Smith, S. Andrew Enticknap, and ANDREW_SMITH@acdi-cida gc ca. "Water First : a political history of hydraulics in Vietnam's Red River Delta." The Australian National University. Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, 2002. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20050314.135921.
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Between 1961 and 1976 Häi Hung province -- present day Häi Duong and Hung
Yên -- lost the equivalent of two entire districts of agricultural land. How could so
much land be abandoned under a collectivised agriculture system? And what role
did poor water control infrastructure play in creating such a situation?¶
I answer these questions by examining the historical patterns of hydraulic
development in northern Vietnam from the beginning of the 19th century until the
introduction of the Production Contract system in 1981. Underlying both the
French colonial and communist visions of modernity and economic development
was a belief that improving agricultural productivity, of which large-scale hydraulic
infrastructure was an important component, could catalyse growth in the rural
economy, which could then finance industrialisation. I argue throughout this thesis
that developing large-scale hydraulic infrastructure in the Red River delta has relied
upon the creation of a hydraulic bargain between the state and water users. This is
in contrast to Wittfogel's theory of the hydraulic state, insofar as developing
hydraulic infrastructure has depended upon the active political and economic
participation and support of water users, and not the absolute power of the state.
The political economic history of the hydraulic bargain highlights the relative
power of peasants to influence the direction of large-scale hydraulic development
and, as such, the shape of the Red River delta's wet-rice economy.
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Albassam, Mohammed. "The Effects of Frequent Atmospheric Events and Hydrologic Infrastructure on Flow Characterization in Tims Branch and its Major Tributary, SC." FIU Digital Commons, 2018. https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3732.
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Hydrological models are powerful tools used to predict water systems behavior such as flow and water level characteristics for rivers and streams. In this research, a fully dynamic 1-D model was developed using the MIKE 11 model for a specific stream called A-014, this stream is in the Savannah River Site (SRS), SC.
A field study was conducted in order to collect data needed as inputs for the model development. Data like water velocity and cross-section measurement played a major role in understanding the behavior of the A-014 and the validation of our model.
Results showed a correlation capable to predict the water flow of the A-014 stream and how it can be affected by atmospheric events and hydrologic infrastructure. Rain fall events had a big effect in the stream flow by increasing it along many cross-sections. In addition, hydrological infrastructures effected the stream flow by slowing it down and by forming ponds around the culvert and weir which are located in the A-014 stream.
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Bell, Martha Gwenn. "Agua y poder colonial: ciclos, fl ujos y procesiones en el manejo hidráulico urbano en Lima durante el siglo XVII." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2015. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/114078.
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This article presents the hydraulic space of urban Lima in the 17th century, and the effortsof Lima’s cabildo (city council) to govern it. Based on a detailed analysis of the referencesto water in the Libros de cabildos de Lima from 1588-1700, the management of this naturalresource is examined through close consideration of the infrastructure installed andthe political authorities established. A three-pronged approach considers natural processes,infrastructure, and authorities together, to discuss three case studies: 1) the Rímac river, thelevees, and the levee commissioners, 2) the springs, the drinking water pipeline networkand the pipelines commissioners, and 3) the rains, religious processions, and San Marcelothe “lawyer of the city for the waters.” For each case study, the cabildo’s strategies for waterresource management are evaluated for success or failure.Este artículo presenta el espacio hidráulico limeño urbano del siglo XVII y los esfuerzos delcabildo de Lima para gobernarlo. Con base en un análisis detallado de las menciones sobreel agua en los Libros de cabildos de Lima de 1588-1700 se examina el manejo de esterecurso natural a través de la instalación de infraestructura y la creación de autoridades políticas.Con una perspectiva tripartita se consideran los procesos naturales, la infraestructuray las autoridades en conjunto para discutir tres casos: 1) el río Rímac, los tajamares y loscomisarios de tajamares, 2) los puquios, la red de cañerías y los comisarios de cañerías,y 3) las lluvias, las procesiones religiosas y San Marcelo el “abogado de la ciudad para lasaguas”. En cada uno de los tres casos se evalúa la efi cacia de las estrategias del cabildopara administrar los recursos hídricos.
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Yang, Guanglin. "Geothermal Development Opportunity and Risk of Using Abandoned Oil-Gas Wells and Mines with MRI tests." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2022. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/25836/.
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Much work in geothermal is focused on technologies that make deeper drilling more economical, no matter what types of geothermal power plants are. The most important of these problems are well drilling investment cost and energy conversion efficiency, and geological earthquakes problems that can be induced by using enhanced geothermal systems (EGS). The drilling cost and energy efficiency of geothermal are caused by drilling depth. So, finding solution to reduce drilling depth and risk are essential for geothermal development.
In this study, we analyze one possible geothermal power plant development method recycling abandoned coal mines which could saving well drilling cost and reducing geology surveying risk, the geothermal wells will be drilled at the bottom of the abandoned coal mines. Then we summarize present project recycling abandoned gas-oil wells for geothermal power plant development.
Based on Paris agreement and IPCC special report on 1.5°C, we analyze the situation of renewable and conventional energy to provide the reason why we have many abandoned coal mines and abandoned gas-oil wells to recycle, then we calculate geothermal power plant capacity using abandoned coal mines and using abandoned gas-oil wells.
In the second part of this study, we analyze the geothermal risk using EGS, as long as the reservoir rock using hydraulic fracturing, the geothermal risk is the induced earthquake which is caused by fracture propagation of the reservoir rock mass, the MRI (magnetic resonance image) experiments were conducted to obtain morphology of fracture propagation process of rock samples under uniaxial load stress to simulate reservoir rock failure process and measure rock fracture propagation velocity. The results show MRI could provide high quality image of rock fracture propagation process, rock fracture propagation velocity will start from low speed to high speed when approaching the maximum stress of rock.
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Elgazzar, Hesham. "End-Shield Bridges for High-Speed Railway : Full scale dynamic testing and numerical simulations." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Bro- och stålbyggnad, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-204774.
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The increasing need for High-Speed Railway (HSR) to reduce the travelling time requires increasing research within this field. Bridges are main components of any railway network, including HSR networks, and the optimization of their design for this purpose would contribute to a faster and more cost effective development of the HSR network. The initial investment, the running and maintenance costs of the bridges can be decreased through better understanding of the their dynamic behaviour. This thesis studies the dynamic behaviour of end-shield railway bridges under HSR operation. 2D beam analysis is used to study the effect of the distribution of the train’s axle load. Relatively accurate 3D FE-models are developed to study the effect of Soil-Structure Interaction (SSI) and the dynamic response of the bridges. Modelling alternatives are studied to develop an accurate model. A full scale test of a simply supported Bridge with end-shields using load-controlled forced excitation was performed and the results were used to verify the theoretical models. A manual model updating process of the material properties of the 3D FE-model is performed using FRFs from the field measurements. A Simple 2D model is also developed, where a spring/dashpot system is implemented to simplify SSI, and updated to reproduce the field measured responses. The conclusions of the project emphasize the importance of SSI effects in the dynamic analysis of end-shield bridges for predicting their dynamic behaviour. The conclusions also show that the modelling of the surrounding soil and the assumption of the soil material parameters have significant effect on the dynamic response. Even the boundary conditions, bedrock level and the ballast on the railway track affects the response. The results also show that the bridge’s concrete section behaves as uncracked section under the studied dynamic loading.QC 20170403
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Cadwallender, Mary Virginia. "Comparative Landscape Infrastructure in Kolda, Senegal and Washington, D.C." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/78321.
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This comparative study of two urban areas—Kolda, Senegal and the Historic Anacostia Neighborhood in Washington, D.C.—explores how landscape infrastructure can decrease the scalar disconnect between the global water crisis and local water use practices. By looking at one city in the Global North and one in the Global South with similar risk of water stress, I am able to compare cultural aesthetics and engage two different levels of infrastructural build out (World Resources Institute, Water Risk Atlas). The design approach draws inspiration from Lawrence Halprin's notion of "experiential equivalents," and proposes a suite of site scale water sources and seeps (Halprin, Ghirardelli Plaza). Unlike Halprin, whose designs primarily use, interpret, and express natural elements, cultural interactions with water as well as natural systems drive the designs in Kolda and Anacostia.
Thus, the speculative designs I am presenting weave the experiences of sourcing water, filtering water, and water seeps into the existing urban and cultural fabric. By taking a systemic and episodic approach to public landscape development, not only will these infrastructural landscapes serve the community but the aesthetic experience of the designs also becomes part of daily life. Perhaps as Elizabeth Meyer theorizes in "Beyond 'Sustaining Beauty'", these designed landscapes "can contribute to…]a new ethos of a sustainable perception and living." Furthermore, this project presents a kit of parts for community-based development, suggesting the ability to extend the landscape infrastructure systems in Kolda and Anacostia and providing the tools for other communities.Master of Landscape Architecture
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Sithole, Pinimidzai. "A Comparative Study of Rural Water Governance in the Limpopo Basin." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2011. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_1684_1319187072.
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In this thesis I examine and explore whether and if Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) inspired water reforms respond to- and address the diverse realities of women and men in informal (and formal) rural economies of Sekororo, South Africa and Ward 17 in Gwanda, Zimbabwe which are both in the Limpopo basin. South Africa and Zimbabwe, like other southern African countries, embarked on IWRMinspired water reforms, culminating in the promulgation of the National Water Acts in 1998, four years after the attainment of South Africaâs democracy in 1994 and 18 years after Zimbabwe attained independence in 1980. I argue that the adoption of IWRM, which emphasises second generation water issues such as demand management, water quality, environmental flow requirements etc, and not the development of water infrastructure, begs the question whether such reforms can make a meaningful contribution to the development agenda in countries where, during apartheid and colonialism, the water rights (among other rights) of millions of blacks were compromised because of unjust legislation and skewed underinvestment in water infrastructure
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Lönnelid, Axel. "Alternativa metoder för berguttag i urban miljö." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-86801.
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Sveriges storstäder växer och infrastrukturen byggs ut. Infrastrukturen anläggs till stor del under mark speciellt i Sveriges två största städer, Stockholm och Göteborg. Anläggning under markytan måste beakta husbyggnader och närliggande bergrum. Nya tunnlar kan på många ställen få en liten bergtäckning mellan befintliga tunnlar och markytan, vilket kan ställa till med problem vid konventionell sprängning. Urbaniseringen kräver även nya bostäder och kontor, där de nya byggnaderna och anläggningarna konstrueras ibland nära befintliga. Sprängning måste i dessa fall utföras kontrollerat inom acceptabla nivåer för att inte skada de befintliga konstruktionerna. Detta sätter stora krav på själva sprängningsarbetet. I extremt känsliga miljöer är de alternativa metoderna till sprängning det enda valen ifall konstruktionen ska uppföras. I detta examensarbete har de två vanligaste alternativa metoderna vajersågning och hydraulisk spräckning detaljstuderats för att utvärdera metoderna i urban miljö. En kvalitativ studie har genomförts som består av litteratur- och intervjustudie. Litteraturstudien behandlar omgivningspåverkan från sprängning och beskriver även hur de alternativa metoderna fungerar. Intervjustudien har genomförts semi-strukturerad med entreprenörer inom vajersågning och hydraulisk spräckning och visar att metoderna fungerar bra och är här för att stanna. Vajersågning är lämplig vid tunneldrivning och känsliga bergkonturer i ovanjordsprojekt. Hydraulisk spräckning utförs med fördel i kombination med vajersågning vid tunneldrivning och fungerar bäst för stora ytor med lågt djup i ovanjordsprojekt. Entreprenörerna uppfattar generellt att projektörerna saknar kompetens inom vajersågning och hydraulisk spräckning, vilket påvisar betydelsen för detta examensarbete.
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Göransson, Simon, and Marcus Benker. "Alternativ till konventionell ovanjordsprängning i tätbebyggda områden." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Byggteknik och byggd miljö, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-413658.
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For many constructions works, the removal of bedrock is required as an initial part of the production. Removing bedrock is complicated, takes a lot of time and entails many risks due to the vibrations that occur during the detonation. The risk of damaging nearby properties is impending. In order to prevent damage caused by vibrations, high demands are made on the risk analysis. The risk analysis aims to investigate the surroundings and nearby properties and should give the blast contractor permissible vibration values. The vibrations that result from blasting are coupled to the cooperative charge, which can be controlled with drilling and charging plans. Therefore, the cost of blasting is largely due to the necessary drilling and preparations of the risk analysis. A complement to conventional rock blasting is hydraulic fracturing. Cracking bedrock is a time-consuming step that requires extensive drilling of holes, but since the method has a very low environmental impact and requires no preliminary work in the form of inspections and risk analysis, the method is considered occasionally suitable. At larger rock volumes it will usually be cheaper to blast than crack the rock. As soon as the geotechnical survey is carried out, the rock volume can be estimated. The model developed aims to estimate the cost of the two, and thus can be a tool that can be used for method selection already in the design state.Som en inledande del av produktionen krävs, för många byggarbeten, losshållning av berg. Bergborttagning är ett komplicerat arbete som tar mycket tid och som medför många risker vilka till stor del utgörs av de vibrationer som uppstår vid detonationen och som riskerar skada närliggande fastigheter. För att förebygga skador som uppstår av vibrationer ställs höga krav på framställande av riskanalys. Riskanalysen syftar till att undersöka omgivningen och närliggande fastigheter och ska ge sprängentreprenören tillåtna vibrationsvärden. De vibrationer som uppstår vid sprängning är kopplade till den samverkande laddningen, vilken kan kontrolleras med borr- och laddplan. Kostnaden vid sprängning utgörs således till stor del av den nödvändiga borrningen och framtagande av riskanalysen. Ett komplement till konventionell sprängning är hydraulisk spräckning. Spräckning av berg är ett tidskrävande moment som kräver omfattande borrning av hål, men metoden har en väldigt låg omgivningspåverkan och kräver inga förarbeten i form av besiktningar och riskanalyser vilket gör den stundvis lämplig. Vid större bergvolymer kommer det som regel vara billigare att spränga än att spräcka berget. Så fort den geotekniska undersökningen är utförd kan bergvolymen uppskattas. Den framtagna modellen syftar till att uppskatta kostnaden för de båda och kan således vara ett verktyg som kan användas för metodval redan i projekteringsstadiet.
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Trinh, Viet Nam. "Comportement hydromécanique de matériaux constitutifs de plateformes ferroviaires anciennes." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00647893.
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Le présent travail étudie le comportement couplé hydromécanique de la couche intermédiaire des plates-formes ferroviaires anciennes. L'objectif principal est de vérifier le fonctionnement des plates-formes sans drainage et d'optimiser les travaux de modernisation de voies anciennes en déblai. Premièrement, les essais d'identification ont été réalisés sur les matériaux prélevés sur le site de Sénissiat. Les résultats ont montré que le sol de la couche intermédiaire de ce site présente une granulométrie bien étalée de 0 à 63 mm et une densité très élevée (d = 2,39 Mg/m3). Deuxièmement, une nouvelle colonne d'infiltration et un moule de compression de 300 mm de diamètre ont été développés permettant d'étudier le comportement hydraulique de la couche intermédiaire. Une faible perméabilité (ks 2,2.10-7 m/s) de cette couche a été estimée à partir des résultats expérimentaux. Troisièmement, une étude expérimentale sur le comportement mécanique de la couche intermédiaire a été réalisée. Cette étude a mis en évidence l'influence marquée de la teneur en eau sur le comportement mécanique de la couche intermédiaire. Un modèle de fatigue avec prise en compte de l'influence du nombre de cycles, du niveau de contrainte appliqué et de l'état hydrique a été élaboré en se basant sur les résultats expérimentaux. Finalement, les mesures de succion, de température et de paramètres météorologiques ont été réalisées sur les plates-formes en déblai sans drainage du site de Moulin Blanc pour compléter l'étude du comportement des plates-formes sans drainage. Une analyse globale des résultats obtenus au laboratoire avec les mesures in-situ a montré que la décision de ne pas mettre en place un dispositif de drainage devra être assortie de justificatifs permettant de s'assurer de la limitation de la teneur en eau de la couche intermédiaire, en se basant sur une étude approfondie sur le cycle d'eau pour chaque site concerné
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Devesa, i. Peiró Francesc. "Desenvolupament d'un sistema de suport a la decisió ambiental per a la gestió de les infraestructures hidràuliques, amb l'objectiu de garantir la qualitat de l'aigua a la Conca del Besòs." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/7907.
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Aquesta tesi presenta un projecte de gestió integral d'infraestructures hidràuliques de sanejament a la Conca del riu Besòs. S'han considerat dos sistemes de sanejament (La Garriga i Granollers) amb les seves respectives xarxes de clavegueram i Estacions Depuradores d'Aigües Residuals (EDAR), i un tram del riu Congost, afluent del Besòs, com a medi receptor de les seves aigües residuals. Amb aquesta finalitat es construeix i s'utilitza un Sistema de Suport a la Decisió Ambiental (SSDA). Aquesta eina incorpora l'ús de models de simulació de qualitat de l'aigua pels sistemes de clavegueram, EDAR i riu, com a forma d'extracció de coneixement sobre la gestió integrada d'aquests elements. Aquest coneixement es conceptualitza, posteriorment, en forma d'arbres de decisió, que proporcionaran a l'usuari les actuacions a realitzar davant de les diferents situacions reals de gestió diària.This thesis presents an integrated management project for hydraulic sanitation infrastructures at the basin of the River Besòs. Two sanitation systems were taken into account (La Garriga and Granollers) with their respective sewage systems and Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTP), and one stretch of the River Congost, a tributary of the Besòs, as a receptor environment for their waste water. To this end, an Environmental Decision Support System (EDSS) was constructed and used. This tool incorporates the use of water quality simulation models for the sewage systems, WWTP and river as a means of obtaining knowledge about the integrated management of these elements. This knowledge is later conceptualised in the form of decision trees, which provide the user with the interventions to be carried out when faced with the various real situations which arise in day-to-day management.
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Chen, Yi-Chin, and 陳逸菁. "The Assessment of Vulnerability for Hydraulic Infrastructure Subject to Flood Disaster." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/36365498383590574646.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
土木工程學研究所
101
In recent years, typhoons and severe storms have caused inundation and loss of lives and properties in Taiwan due to the non-uniformly distributed rainfall both in space and in time and the fragile geographic conditions. Since the government funding resources are limited, the priority and resource management is urgently needed. First of all, in order to understand the project progress of Water Resources Agency and its subsidiary organizations or other subsidized authorities, an overall view of the past projects of Water Resources Agency, Ministry of Economic Affairs analysed by different management-oriented and focus from 2006 to 2011 is necessary. Our reseach also drew the important criteria for the project management or decision-making from the history of project analysis, the exception management indicators and warning value are designed for managers and decision-makers to control and monitor the projects in progress. Furthermore, based on the analysis, some engineering factors of the assessment of vulnerability could be found. The research purpose is to establish an assessment model for vulnerability including engineering factors. In the disaster risk analysis of the United Nations: Risk =Hazard × Exposure × Vulnerability, the Vulnerability is concerned with this assessment of vulnerability in the research, and the disaster definition for the research is inundations. Then, 12 engineering factors of the assessment of vulnerability was founded by delivering the Factor Analysis questionnaires. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) questionnaires for the Prioritizing System of Watershed Management with perspectives and criteria were delivered to the experts from professional engineers, government agencies, and academic scholars to conclude adequate weight function. After the model for vulnerability assessment was established, taking Gapoing River for example, the vulnerability values could be calculated and the vulnerability map could also be established. The analysis would provide reference materials for the government departments concerned to improve the ability to manage flood disaster.
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CHEN, SHIH-YI, and 陳詩宜. "Budget Allocation Model for Hydraulic Infrastructure System-Case Study at Chiayi City." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/7h25j2.
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碩士國立雲林科技大學
營建工程系
105
In the past, people are not concerted on hydraulic infrastructure. Due to the global warming, sea level is growing, extreme precipitation has great influences in Taiwan. The infrastructure built in the early years doesn’t suit the climate nowadays. Therefore, the government start to concert and put more money on it. Although hydraulic department has more money, it is not enough. So the depart choose the priority infrastructure under limited budget is a pressing matter. Hydraulic budget mostly allocated in engineering before, now the government make the new strategy, combined engineering with non-engineering .The research firstly built 3 sections「resource」、「research」、「benefit」，next built10 factors under the sections which included 「manpower resources」、「budget」、「policy」、「protection of population」、「construction interface」、「maintenance」、「improved flood area」、「disaster prevention resources」、「quality of life」、「land value」，then use the method of SAW to set out weights. Secondly, develop the hydraulic budget allocation under the Constraint Programming, Finally, model in IBM ILOG OPL Studio 3.7, sensitivity analysis separately in budget and manpower limit to determine the priority of budget。
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"GIS-based tool for assessing hydraulic performance of drainage infrastructure system in El Paso." THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT EL PASO, 2010. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1468974.
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Denault, Catherine. "Assessment of the likely impact of climate change on infrastructure and natural ecosystems of a small watershed in British Columbia : implications for hydraulic infrastructure design and stormwater management." Thesis, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/12024.
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The stationarity of rainfall statistical parameters is a fundamental assumption in hydraulic
infrastructure design. Given the increase in rainfall intensity associated with climate change,
this assumption might no longer prove valid. This study examines the possible impacts of
climate change on the urban infrastructure and natural ecosystems of a small watershed in
British Columbia. The methodology was developed with the purpose of providing simple
methods to evaluate drainage system vulnerability to increases in rainfall intensity, and to
envisage the potential economical and environmental impacts of climate change.
Non-stationarities in rainfall records are first analyzed with linear regression analysis, and the
detected trends are extrapolated to build future rainfall scenarios. The Storm Water
Management Model (SWMM) is then used to analyze the effects of increased rainfall
intensity on the Mission/Wagg Creek system. Anticipated changes in land use and the
projected changes in rainfall intensity are included in the simulations to obtain probable
future runoff conditions. The total length of undersized stormwater sewers, combined with
the total number of culverts found to be surcharging during the simulations, attests to the
vulnerability of the infrastructure network. An innovative method is proposed to investigate
the environmental impacts of climate change. Using SWMM, climate change equivalent
levels of imperviousness are determined. These levels represent the Total Impervious Areas
(TIAs) for which the runoff values are equal to the runoff values obtained under climate
change conditions. This method allows considering the well-researched impacts of
urbanization as likely impacts of climate change.
In terms of impacts on the infrastructure, the results of this study indicate that climate change
would not create severe impacts in the Mission/Wagg Creek system. The infrastructure in
place, with the exception of a few trunk sewers and culverts, has the adequate capacity to
handle the runoff generated by the future larger storms. The equivalent levels of
imperviousness, however, suggest that the impacts on the natural ecosystems of the creeks
could be far more damaging.
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Lea, Michael C. "Use of hydraulic simulation software to evaluate future infrastructure upgrades for a municipal water distribution system in Beggs, Oklahoma." 2009. http://digital.library.okstate.edu/etd/Lea_okstate_0664M_10338.pdf.
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Smith, S. Andrew Enticknap. "Water First : a political history of hydraulics in Vietnam's Red River Delta." Phd thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/48195.
Full textAbstract:
Between 1961 and 1976 Häi Hung province -- present day Häi Duong and Hung Yên -- lost the equivalent of two entire districts of agricultural land. How could so much land be abandoned under a collectivised agriculture system? And what role did poor water control infrastructure play in creating such a situation?¶ I answer these questions by examining the historical patterns of hydraulic development in northern Vietnam from the beginning of the 19th century until the introduction of the Production Contract system in 1981. Underlying both the French colonial and communist visions of modernity and economic development was a belief that improving agricultural productivity, of which large-scale hydraulic infrastructure was an important component, could catalyse growth in the rural economy, which could then finance industrialisation. I argue throughout this thesis that developing large-scale hydraulic infrastructure in the Red River delta has relied upon the creation of a hydraulic bargain between the state and water users. This is in contrast to Wittfogel's theory of the hydraulic state, insofar as developing hydraulic infrastructure has depended upon the active political and economic participation and support of water users, and not the absolute power of the state. The political economic history of the hydraulic bargain highlights the relative power of peasants to influence the direction of large-scale hydraulic development and, as such, the shape of the Red River delta's wet-rice economy.
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"Assessing coastal vulnerability: Advanced modeling methods and dynamic hydraulic characteristics of Gulf Coastal systems." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1911/70220.
Full textAbstract:
The United States coastline contain some of the most valued ecological resources, the most populated urban areas, the most complex infrastructure systems, the most prolific economic engines, and the busiest ports of trade. However important the coastline may be to our nation, the history of our coastal communities suggests that they are extremely vulnerable to natural disasters, including hurricane landfall. There are many potential reasons for this vulnerability, and several of them are considered in this work. The common goal of research presented here is to better understand the hydrodynamic forces developed as hurricanes impact the coast so that the resulting effects on coastal resources can be better understood and managed, and vulnerability can be significantly minimized. This work begins with consideration of the hydraulic domain at the interface between inland riverine and coastal environments. Regulators, and therefore those being regulated, generally prefer to separate riverine systems from coastal systems in the design and analysis of coastal infrastructure. Although analysis is greatly simplified, important synergistic hydrodynamic effects are not considered which can have dramatic negative effects on the ability of infrastructure to withstand hurricane impact. Research continues by evaluating how society delineates the coastal flood hazard. Current methods apply a deterministic, steady-state approach to defining this highly dynamic feature influenced by multiple uncertain and variable parameters. By ignoring the variability inherent in the coastal floodplain, society is not able to correctly define the flood hazard, and therefore cannot fully asses the risk to which it is exposed. A methodology is presented to more realistically quantify the coastal flood hazard and to calculate an appropriate flood risk metric. Finally, this research considers the reliability of a coastal community's water distribution system under hurricane impact. By understanding system vulnerability and system interdependence, community leaders can provide more reliable infrastructure systems, thereby reducing the magnitude of disaster and shortening the recovery time. A methodology is presented to quantify the reliability of a water system under several hurricane impact scenarios.
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"Contingency Analysis for Coupled Power-Water Networks." Doctoral diss., 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.57431.
Full textAbstract:
abstract: A mathematical approach was developed to evaluate the resilience of coupled power-water networks using a variant of contingency analysis adapted from electric transmission studies. In particular, the “what if” scenarios explored in power systems research were extended and applied for coupled power-water network research by evaluating how stressors and failures in the water network can propagate across system boundaries and into the electric network. Reduction in power system contingency reserves was the metric for determining violation of N-1 contingency reliability. Geospatial considerations were included using high-resolution, publicly available Geographic Information System data on infrastructure in the Phoenix Metropolitan Area that was used to generate a power network with 599 transmission lines and total generation capacity of 18.98 GW and a water network with 2,624 water network lines and capacity to serve up to 1.72M GPM of surface water. The steady-state model incorporated operating requirements for the power network—e.g., contingency reserves—and the water network—e.g., pressure ranges—while seeking to meet electric load and water demand. Interconnections developed between the infrastructures demonstrated how alternations to the system state and/or configuration of one network affect the other network, with results demonstrated through co-simulation of the power network and water network using OpenDSS and EPANET, respectively. Results indicate four key findings that help operators understand the interdependent behavior of the coupled power-water network: (i) two water failure scenarios (water flowing out of Waddell dam and CAP canal flowing west of Waddell dam) are critical to power-water network N-1 contingency reliability above 60% power system loading and at 100% water system demand, (ii) fast-starting natural gas generating units are necessary to maintain N-1 contingency reliability below 60% power system loading, (iii) Coolidge Station was the power plant to most frequently undergo a reduction in reserves amongst the water failure scenarios that cause a violation of N-1 reliability, (iv) power network vulnerability to water network failures was non-linear because it depends on the generating units that are dispatched, which can vary as line thermal limits or unit generation capacities are reached.Dissertation/Thesis
Doctoral Dissertation Civil, Environmental and Sustainable Engineering 2020
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"Water Supply Infrastructure Modeling and Control under Extreme Drought and/or Limited Power Availability." Doctoral diss., 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.53499.
Full textAbstract:
abstract: The phrase water-energy nexus is commonly used to describe the inherent and critical interdependencies between the electric power system and the water supply systems (WSS). The key interdependencies between the two systems are the power plant’s requirement of water for the cooling cycle and the water system’s need of electricity for pumping for water supply. While previous work has considered the dependency of WSS on the electrical power, this work incorporates into an optimization-simulation framework, consideration of the impact of short and long-term limited availability of water and/or electrical energy.
This research focuses on the water supply system (WSS) facet of the multi-faceted optimization and control mechanism developed for an integrated water – energy nexus system under U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) project 029013-0010 CRISP Type 2 – Resilient cyber-enabled electric energy and water infrastructures modeling and control under extreme mega drought scenarios. A water supply system (WSS) conveys water from sources (such as lakes, rivers, dams etc.) to the treatment plants and then to users via the water distribution systems (WDS) and/or water supply canal systems (WSCS). Optimization-simulation methodologies are developed for the real-time operation of water supply systems (WSS) under critical conditions of limited electrical energy and/or water availability due to emergencies such as extreme drought conditions, electric grid failure, and other severe conditions including natural and manmade disasters. The coupling between WSS and the power system was done through alternatively exchanging data between the power system and WSS simulations via a program control overlay developed in python.
A new methodology for WDS infrastructural-operational resilience (IOR) computation was developed as a part of this research to assess the real-time performance of the WDS under emergency conditions. The methodology combines operational resilience and component level infrastructural robustness to provide a comprehensive performance assessment tool.
The optimization-simulation and resilience computation methodologies developed were tested for both hypothetical and real example WDS and WSCS, with results depicting improved resilience for operations of the WSS under normal and emergency conditions.Dissertation/Thesis
Doctoral Dissertation Civil, Environmental and Sustainable Engineering 2019
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"Evaluation of Flood Mitigation Strategies for the Santa Catarina Watershed using a Multi-model Approach." Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.38363.
Full textAbstract:
abstract: The increasingly recurrent extraordinary flood events in the metropolitan area of Monterrey, Mexico have led to significant stakeholder interest in understanding the hydrologic response of the Santa Catarina watershed to extreme events. This study analyzes a flood mitigation strategy proposed by stakeholders through a participatory workshop and are assessed using two hydrological models: The Hydrological Modeling System (HEC-HMS) and the Triangulated Irregular Network (TIN)-based Real-time Integrated Basin Simulator (tRIBS).
The stakeholder-derived flood mitigation strategy consists of placing new hydraulic infrastructure in addition to the current flood controls in the basin. This is done by simulating three scenarios: (1) evaluate the impact of the current structure, (2) implementing a large dam similar to the Rompepicos dam and (3) the inclusion of three small detention dams. These mitigation strategies are assessed in the context of a major flood event caused by the landfall of Hurricane Alex in July 2010 through a consistent application of the two modeling tools. To do so, spatial information on topography, soil, land cover and meteorological forcing were assembled, quality-controlled and input into each model. Calibration was performed for each model based on streamflow observations and maximum observed reservoir levels from the National Water Commission in Mexico.
Simulation analyses focuses on the differential capability of the two models in capturing the spatial variability in rainfall, topographic conditions, soil hydraulic properties and its effect on the flood response in the presence of the different flood mitigation structures. The implementation of new hydraulic infrastructure is shown to have a positive impact on mitigating the flood peak with a more favorable reduction in the peak at the outlet from the larger dam (16.5% in tRIBS and 23% in HEC-HMS) than the collective effect from the small structures (12% in tRIBS and 10% in HEC-HMS). Furthermore, flood peak mitigation depends strongly on the number and locations of the new dam sites in relation to the spatial distribution of rainfall and flood generation. Comparison of the two modeling approaches complements the analysis of available observations for the flood event and provides a framework within which to derive a multi-model approach for stakeholder-driven solutions.Dissertation/Thesis
Masters Thesis Civil and Environmental Engineering 2016
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Matos, Ana Paula Martins. "Metodologias ‘Building Information Modelling’ aplicadas à gestão eficiente de infraestruturas hidráulicas: um caso de estudo." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/70874.
Full textAbstract:
Dissertação de mestrado integrado em Engenharia CivilPortugal tem vindo, ao longo das últimas décadas, a colmatar os défices estruturais que tinha no setor da Hidráulica Urbana, com inúmeras iniciativas que tornaram o país numa imagem de referência neste setor. Os desafios de hoje são derivados dos eventos extremos que são cada vez mais evidenciados pelas alterações climáticas, do crescimento da população presente em meio urbano e da vida útil das infraestruturas. Estes problemas causam stresse sobre as infraestruturas que, em muitos casos, se encontram a responder a solicitações para as quais não foram projetadas. Verifica-se, também, um problema de falta de informação na fase de gestão das infraestruturas, o que acaba por onerar esta fase do ciclo de vida. O Building Information Modelling (BIM) surge assim como uma oportunidade de melhoria e maior eficiência neste setor. O processo integrado de dimensionamento, construção e gestão pelas metodologias BIM garantem a informação necessária, em cada fase, para uma maior eficiência global do processo. Permite ainda que numa única plataforma se consiga realizar o cálculo, a representação e a gestão da rede, que normalmente são efetuados de forma individual, aumentando o nível de eficiência global. As capacidades anteriormente citadas foram exploradas com a simulação de um caso de estudo, onde se utilizou o Watergems, como ferramenta de cálculo hidráulico, que transmite a informação necessária para o Revit, a plataforma de gestão, que por sua vez, recebe informação de outros software/especialidades, o que possibilita uma gestão integrada, possibilitando aferir sobre as melhores soluções. Identificando-se uma necessidade de melhoria da rede ou necessidade de expansão no software de gestão, esta informação pode ser devolvida ao software de cálculo hidráulico, havendo um processo cíclico de passagem de informação entre os diversos software, o que torna a gestão de infraestruturas um processo mais eficiente.
Throughout the last decades Portugal has been filling the structural deficits that it had in the Urban Hydraulic sector, with innumerable initiatives that have made the country a reference image in this sector. Today's challenges are derived from the extreme events that are increasingly highlighted by climate change, urban population growth and the lifespan of existent infrastructures. These problems cause stress on infrastructures, that in many cases are operation in conditions for which they were not designed. There is also a problem of lack of information in the infrastructure management phase, which ends up burdening this stage of the life cycle. The Building Information Modelling (BIM) is an opportunity for improvement and greater efficiency in this sector. The integrated process of design, construction and management by BIM methodologies guarantee the necessary information, in each phase, for a greater overall efficiency of the process. It also allows the calculation, representation and management of the network to be carried out on a single platform, which are usually carried out individually, increasing overall efficiency levels. The previously mentioned capabilities were explored with the simulation of a case study, where Watergems was used as a hydraulic calculation tool, which transmits the necessary information to Revit, the management platform, that receives information from other software, enabling an integrated management, and allowing to evaluate the best solutions. The identification of a need to improve or expand the network in the management software, can be returned to the hydraulic calculation software, there being a cyclical process of passing information between the various software, which makes infrastructure management a more efficient process.
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Oliveira, João Pedro Dias de. "Sistemas verdes de drenagem urbana: avaliação comportamento hidráulico de canteiros de biofiltração." Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/69800.
Full textAbstract:
Dissertação de mestrado integrado em Engenharia CivilO crescimento da população tem provocado um aumento e expansão dos aglomerados urbanos com graves consequências para o ambiente e para a drenagem urbana, decorrentes da impermeabilização crescente dos solos. Além disso, a perturbação das características hidrológicas naturais tende a diminuir os tempos de concentração das bacias hidrográficas e a aumentar os caudais de cheia. Os sistemas de drenagem tradicionais (SDT) têm sido os mais utilizados pela sua eficácia e simplicidade no seu funcionamento, contudo são sistemas sem capacidade para se adaptarem a gamas de caudais superiores aos que foram projetados. Isto agrava a frequência e o impacto nas inundações urbanas, devido aos efeitos das alterações climáticas e aumenta a pressão exercida sobre os sistemas existentes. Nesta dissertação são abordadas diversas temáticas que justificam a necessidade de inovação e melhoria da atual gestão das águas pluviais (GAP), sendo os sistemas verdes de drenagem urbana (SVDU) uma solução alternativa inovadora e eficaz para a conceção de futuras redes de drenagem de águas pluviais e para a necessária adaptação e reabilitação das redes existentes. Assim, o uso dos SVDU aumentam permeabilidade das superfícies urbanas e promovem a regularização e o controlo dos hidrogramas relativos aos eventos de precipitação. Neste estudo fez-se não só uma recolha, tratamento e análise de informação relativa à conceção e funcionamento dos SVDU, identificando as suas vantagens e inconvenientes, como também foi concebida e executada uma instalação-piloto que simula o funcionamento dum “canteiro de biofiltração”, com o objetivo principal de avaliar o comportamento hidráulico de dois meios porosos com tipologias distintas e com caudais correspondentes a eventos de precipitação plausíveis e previamente analisados através de uma análise estatística. Para o efeito, um dos meios porosos foi constituído por materiais granulares convencionais (tais como a areia e a brita) e o outro com materiais oriundos dos principais resíduos descartados no município de Guimarães (pontas de cigarro incorporadas em esferas de argila, cascas de ovos e desperdícios têxteis) com o objetivo de potenciar e promover o conceito da economia circular em soluções alternativas e inovadoras. Os resultados obtidos em ambos os meios porosos atestaram a eficácia destes sistemas na regularização e controlo dos hidrogramas relativos aos eventos de precipitação utilizados nos ensaios, tendo sido obtida uma redução máxima do pico de caudal de 15,6% e atrasos na saída da água e no pico de cheia de 1 min e 15 s e de 2 min e 30 s, respetivamente, em relação à situação de referência. Além disso, pelo facto de os resultados terem sido semelhantes nos dois meios porosos testados, verifica-se que os materiais reaproveitados empregues são viáveis neste tipo de sistemas, tornando este conceito promissor.
The global population growth around the world has led to an increase of the number of urban agglomerates as well as the expansion of the existing ones with severe consequences to the environment and to urban drainage. The rapid urbanisation promotes the impermeabilization of the existing natural surfaces to undertake the urban lifestyle which disrupts the existing hydrological conditions. This tends to decrease the concentration times of stormwater catchment areas and to increase the flow rates as well. Conventional drainage urban systems have been widely used, mainly because of their simple operation. However, they work under a limited range of water flows for which they were designed. This inflexibility to accommodate a wider range of water flows combined with the increasing intensity and frequency of rainfall events due to climate change are putting urban drainage systems under pressure. Several areas of study are addressed in this thesis that justify the urge to improve stormwater management in urban areas. Green urban drainage systems (also known as green infrastructure) are an innovative and effective solution as a new feature to be included in new urban drainage projects as well as a retrofit to the existing ones. In both ways they may play an important role in urban adaptation to climate change. These systems main purposes are to increase the percentage of pervious surfaces in urban areas and to equalize the stormwater’s hydrographs. Moreover, it allows the increase of stormwater flow rate amount drained to the existing urban drainage systems. This research was divided in two major parts: the theoretical conceptions and background regarding the design, operation, advantages and disadvantages of green urban drainage systems; and the design and construction of a field installation in order to assess the hydraulic performance of biofiltration planters with two distinct filtration media. A statistical analysis of precipitation events was made to ensure the use of plausible water flows in the experiment corresponding to precipitation events. One of the filtration media was developed with conventional materials such as gravel and sand. The other one was focused on the circular economy concept; therefore, it was composed by the main materials found in Guimarães municipality waste such as cigarette butts (processed into lightweight expanded clay aggregate), eggshells and textile waste. The results obtained on both filtration media proved the efficiency of this systems in the regularization and control of the hydrographs used in the experiments. Besides, there was a peak flow maximum reduction of 15,6% and delays of 1 min and 35 s and 2 min and 30 s of water output and flow peak, respectively. Furthermore, the results of both filtration media were very similar which confirms the viability in the use of reused materials.
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Silva, António Pereira da. "Sistema de apoio à decisão para a gestão operacional de redes de drenagem de águas residuais em condições de incerteza." Doctoral thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/76545.
Full textAbstract:
Programa Doutoral em Engenharia CivilA operação de sistemas de drenagem de águas residuais apresenta múltiplos desafios, incluindo garantir um transporte eficaz e seguro desde as habitações até à restituição dos efluentes tratados no meio ambiente. As instalações de tratamento de águas residuais da bacia do rio Ave localizadas a noroeste (NO) de Portugal são especialmente vulneráveis às infiltrações e afluências indevidas. Procedeu se à implementação de uma vasta rede de monitorização, permitindo o conhecimento lato das reais condições de escoamento e assim otimizar a gestão operacional do sistema através do desenvolvimento de um sistema de apoio à decisão (SAD) desenvolvido para o efeito. Os equipamentos de monitorização foram colocados em locais estratégicos para permitir uma melhor análise e toda a informação obtida pelos mesmos (em tempo real) está integrada em bases de dados e operada por um sistema SCADA. A presente tese, desenvolvida em ambiente empresarial, apresenta a estrutura concetual do SAD, a descrição das suas principais componentes e os resultados da sua aplicação na gestão operacional das infraestruturas. Tendo por base o sistema desenvolvido, é apresentada num primeiro grupo resultados dos trabalhos de campo que deram origem ao desenvolvimento do SAD. No segundo grupo abordam-se resultados das três principais componentes do SAD. No sistema de informação apresentam-se resultados do desenvolvimento do SIG, do SCADA e da plataforma Delft FEWS, no sistema de modelação apresentam-se resultados relativos ao modelo hidrológico e hidrodinâmico da bacia do rio Vizela, resultados do modelo hidrodinâmico da rede e o potencial impacto das descargas das ETAR na qualidade da água dos rios Vizela e Ave. No sistema de análise apresentam-se o desempenho das diferentes fontes de previsão de precipitações para diferentes horizontes temporais; uma estimativa dos volumes de infiltração durante os períodos húmidos; a identificação e localização das câmaras de visitas suscetíveis a derrames e ainda ligações desconhecidas ou clandestinas ao longo da rede; e, por fim; a definição de um controlador PID para um sistema de elevação de uma estação de tratamento de águas residuais, com base na medição em tempo real do nível do tanque de montante. O incremento no desempenho operacional da empresa responsável pela operação do sistema, obtido através do presente trabalho foi assinalável, tanto em termos económicos como em termos de proteção ambiental.
The operation of wastewater drainage systems presents multiple challenges, including ensuring effective and safe transportation from housing to the treated effluents discharge points in receiving water bodies. Wastewater treatment facilities located in Northwest (NW) of Portugal are especially vulnerable to infiltrations and undue inflows. A comprehensive monitoring network was installed, making available real time data of sewer network flow conditions which allows the operational management of the system by a decision support system (DSS) developed in this work. Several pipe and river discharges measurement devices were installed at strategic locations within the sewer network and integrated with a SCADA system responsible for its operation. The DSS was implemented using the Delft-FEWS platform, integrating monitoring data and models. This thesis, developed with the support of the company responsible for wastewater operation and management, presents the conceptual structure of the DSS, the description of its main components and the results of its application in the operational management of the main infrastructures. Considering the developed system, a first set of results related with the fieldwork that constitute the bases for the DSS implementation is presented. In a second group the three main DSS components are described. Information system includes data from the GIS (Geographic Information System), SCADA and Delft FEWS platforms development. Regarding the modeling system, results related to the hydrological and hydrodynamic model of the Vizela river basin, results of the hydrodynamic model of sewer system and the potential impact of wastewater treatment plant discharges on water quality of rivers Vizela and Ave are presented. The analysis system presents the performance of different precipitation forecasts for increasing forecast horizons; an estimate of infiltration volumes during wet periods; the identification and location of overflows manholes and unknown or clandestine connections throughout the network; and, finally, a PID controller for the pump station control based on real-time measurement of the upstream tank level. The operational performance of the wastewater company as greatly improved with the knowledge resulting from the DSS, both in terms of economic revenue and environment protection.