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Journal articles on the topic 'Hybridisation'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 June 2024

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1

Harrison, R. H., H. C. Kuo, P. N. Scriven, A. H. Handyside, and C. Mackie Ogilvie. "Lack of cell cycle checkpoints in human cleavage stage embryos revealed by a clonal pattern of chromosomal mosaicism analysed by sequential multicolour FISH." Zygote 8, no. 3 (August 2000): 217–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0967199400001015.

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Multicolour fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) analysis of interphase nuclei in cleavage stage human embryos has highlighted a high incidence of postzygotic chromosomal mosaicism, including both aneuploid and ploidy mosaicism. Indeed, some embryos appear to have a chaotic chromosomal complement in a majority of nuclei, suggesting that cell cycle checkpoints may not operate in early cleavage. Most of these studies, however, have only analysed a limited number of chromosomes (3–5), making it difficult to distinguish FISH artefacts from true aneuploidy. We now report analysis of 11 chromosomes in five sequential hybridisations with standard combinations of two or three probes and minimal loss of hybridisation efficiency. Analysis of a series of arrested human embryos revealed a generally consistent pattern of hybridisation on which was superimposed frequent deletion of one or both chromosomes of a specific pair in two or more nuclei indicating a clonal origin and continued cleavage following chromosome loss. With a binucleate cell in a predominantly triploid XXX embryo, the two nuclei remained attached during preparation and the chaotic diploid/triphoid status of every chromosome analysed was the same for each nucleus. Furthermore, in each hybridisation the signals were distributed as a mirror-image about the plane of attachment, indicating premature decondensation during anaphase consistent with a lack of checkpoint control.

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2

Zanni, Fabrizio. "Urban hybridisation." TERRITORIO, no. 56 (March 2011): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/tr2011-056015.

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Una serie di eventi culturali sviluppati dal 2008 al 2010 presso il Politecnico di Milano ha prodotto scritti ed approfondimenti parte dei quali č qui raccolta attorno al concetto di ‘Urban hybridization', che fa riferimento alla possibilitŕ di articolare ragionamenti progettuali e teorici attorno all'idea di ‘ibrido/ ibridazione', applicato alle discipline dell'architettura, del paesaggio, del territorio. Č una massa di studi tutt'ora in elaborazione sotto varie forme che porterŕ forse alla definizione di qualche concettualizzazione significativa. La scarsitŕ di fondi per la ricerca scientifi ca ha indotto ad utilizzare tutti i canali possibili, il principale dei quali č il finanziamento Diap per seminari e convegni. Il lavoro sviluppato all'interno del Dottorato di Ricerca ha portato a buoni frutti ma anche i workshop, internazionali ed interni, sono stati occasioni di sviluppo delle idee; anche nella ‘normale' attivitŕ didattica emergono personalitŕ e prodotti intellettuali molto interessanti.

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3

Couchot, Edmond. "Digital Hybridisation." Convergence: The International Journal of Research into New Media Technologies 8, no. 4 (December 2002): 19–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/135485650200800403.

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4

Andrews, Rebecca. "DNA hybridisation kinetics using single-molecule fluorescence imaging." Essays in Biochemistry 65, no. 1 (April 2021): 27–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/ebc20200040.

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Abstract Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) hybridisation plays a key role in many biological processes and nucleic acid biotechnologies, yet surprisingly there are many aspects about the process which are still unknown. Prior to the invention of single-molecule microscopy, DNA hybridisation experiments were conducted at the ensemble level, and thus it was impossible to directly observe individual hybridisation events and understand fully the kinetics of DNA hybridisation. In this mini-review, recent single-molecule fluorescence-based studies of DNA hybridisation are discussed, particularly for short nucleic acids, to gain more insight into the kinetics of DNA hybridisation. As well as looking at single-molecule studies of intrinsic and extrinsic factors affecting DNA hybridisation kinetics, the influence of the methods used to detect hybridisation of single DNAs is considered. Understanding the kinetics of DNA hybridisation not only gives insight into an important biological process but also allows for further advancements in the growing field of nucleic acid biotechnology.

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5

Rossi, Leonardo. "Pixel detectors hybridisation." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 501, no. 1 (March 2003): 239–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-9002(02)02041-7.

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6

Williamson, R. "Nucleic Acid Hybridisation." Journal of Clinical Pathology 39, no. 4 (April 1, 1986): 468. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jcp.39.4.468-a.

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7

Weiss, M. M., M. A. Hermsen, G. A. Meijer, N. C. van Grieken, J. P. Baak, E. J. Kuipers, and P. J. van Diest. "Comparative genomic hybridisation." Molecular Pathology 52, no. 5 (October 1, 1999): 243–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/mp.52.5.243.

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8

Pieterse, Jan Nederveen. "GLOBALISATION AS HYBRIDISATION." International Sociology 9, no. 2 (June 1994): 161–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026858094009002003.

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9

Richards, Zoe T., and Jean-Paul A. Hobbs. "Hybridisation on coral reefs and the conservation of evolutionary novelty." Current Zoology 61, no. 1 (February 1, 2015): 132–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/czoolo/61.1.132.

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Abstract Hybridisation was traditionally considered rare on coral reefs. However, a rapid increase in hybrid studies over the last 20 years has revealed that hybridisation on coral reefs is common and widespread. In this review, we summarise the growing body of evidence arising from studies on stony corals and reef fishes to verify the occurrence of hybridisation, and we examine the influence hybridisation has had on the enormous level of biodiversity present on coral reefs. We discuss the challenges of distinguishing hybridisation from alternative hypotheses (e.g. incomplete lineage sorting). This review also explores the evolutionary consequences of hybridisation, which range from increasing genetic diversity and the production of novel lineages that may outperform the parent species, to reverse speciation and extinction by genetic swamping. Instances of hybridisation can be natural or occur as a result of human impacts (e.g. habitat degradation) and distinguishing between these two very different causal mechanisms is important for management. Currently, the legislative status of hybrids is unclear and hybrids are rarely protected in conservation programs. Failing to adequately manage hybridisation and hybrid lineages may lead to potential losses of evolutionary novelty, declines in phylogenetic diversity or species extinctions. To conserve existing coral reef biodiversity, and the processes that generate biodiversity, conservation policies must be re-defined and instances of hybridisation must be assessed and managed on a case-by-case basis.

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10

Yao, Jin, Xingmei Li, Na Wu, Songlin Zhang, Min Gao, and Xiping Wang. "Improvement of RNA In Situ Hybridisation for Grapevine Fruits and Ovules." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 1 (January 2, 2023): 800. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24010800.

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The European grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) is one of the world’s most widely cultivated and economically important fruit crops. Seedless fruits are particularly desired for table grapes, with seedlessness resulting from stenospermocarpy being an important goal for cultivar improvement. The establishment of an RNA in situ hybridisation (ISH) system for grape berries and ovules is, therefore, important for understanding the molecular mechanisms of ovule abortion in stenospermocarpic seedless cultivars. We improved RNA in situ hybridisation procedures for developing berries and ovules by targeting two transcription factor genes, VvHB63 and VvTAU, using two seeded varieties, ‘Red Globe’ and ‘Pinot Noir’, and two seedless cultivars, ‘Flame Seedless’ and ‘Thompson Seedless’. Optimisation focused on the time of proteinase K treatment, probe length, probe concentration, hybridisation temperature and post-hybridisation washing conditions. The objectives were to maximise hybridisation signals and minimise background interference, while still preserving tissue integrity. For the target genes and samples tested, the best results were obtained with a pre-hybridisation proteinase K treatment of 30 min, probe length of 150 bp and concentration of 100 ng/mL, hybridisation temperature of 50 °C, three washes with 0.2× saline sodium citrate (SSC) solution and blocking with 1% blocking reagent for 45 min during the subsequent hybridisation. The improved ISH system was used to study the spatiotemporal expression patterns of genes related to ovule development at a microscopic level.

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11

Abukari, Moses Abdullai, Huaru Alhassan Marifa, Jonathan Ayelsoma Samari, Philip Dorsah, and Fatao Abudu. "SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS’ DIFFICULTIES IN LEARNING HYBRIDISATION IN CHEMISTRY." Problems of Education in the 21st Century 80, no. 5 (October 25, 2022): 630–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.33225/pec/22.80.630.

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The concept of hybridisation is one of the most difficult concepts for chemistry students to grasp at all levels of learning. Research showed the students conceptual difficulty ranged from their lack of the pre-requisite knowledge for grasping the topic hybridisation to chemical bond formation and orientations of atomic orbitals. This study investigated the difficulties Senior High School Students face in learning hybridisation. The study adopted a mixed-method approach using the sequential exploratory design. Purposive sampling was used to select six schools that offer elective chemistry subject. Simple random sampling was then used to select 120 Senior High School form 1 students to take part in the study. Convenient sampling was used to interview 24 students from the sample. Hybridisation Achievement Test (HAT) and Semi-structured interviews were self-constructed and used to collect data. Descriptive statistics and Content analysis were used to analyse the data. Results showed that, majority of students had difficulties in explaining the concept of hybrid orbitals, writing the electron configuration of 6C, explaining the effect of hybridisation on formation of chemical bonds in 6C, and type of hybridisation and shapes of compounds such as NH3, OF2, BCl3, CO2, SiO2, C2H2, BeF¬2 and C2H4. The study also showed that students had difficulties in explaining and demonstrating the formation of C = C double bond in ethene and other compounds. Equally students were challenged in demonstrating the differences between the formation of sigma and pi bonds in compounds. Students had difficulties in using electron orbital diagrams to explain the shape of CO2 as linear. The study concluded that Senior High School form 1 chemistry students in the Upper West Region of Ghana lacked the most basic and fundamental concept of hybridisation. Teachers need to use conceptual change instructional approaches to teach hybridisation in order to foster students’ understanding and reduce misconceptions. Keywords: atomic orbitals; hybrid orbitals; hybridisation; mixed- method approach; sigma and pi-bonds;

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12

Arnold, Michael L., Edward K. Kentner, Jill A. Johnston, Scott Cornman, and Amy C. Bouck. "Natural hybridisation and fitness." TAXON 50, no. 1 (February 2001): 93–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1224513.

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13

Steeman, R. A., E. Frikkee, S. A. M. Mentink, A. A. Menovsky, G. J. Nieuwenhuys, and J. A. Mydosh. "Hybridisation effects in UPt2Si2." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 2, no. 18 (May 7, 1990): 4059–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/2/18/003.

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14

Young, Robert J. C. "Cultural Translation as Hybridisation." Trans-Humanities Journal 5, no. 1 (2012): 155–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/trh.2012.0007.

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15

Bentall, Robert. "Methodologies for Genre Hybridisation." Organised Sound 21, no. 2 (June 30, 2016): 117–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355771816000042.

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This article attempts to explore working methods for developing hybrid tendencies within electroacoustic music compositions. These working methods, such as the novel concept of reconstructive sampling, are each explored with musical examples given. The article opens by giving definitions of genre, and then explores hybridisation as a concept through ideas developed by Duff (2000), Waters (2000) and Frow (2015). While the article focuses on the musical output of the author, personal compositions are placed in a broader context through the discussion of other artists within the wider field of electronic music composition.

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16

Yan, G., B. Croxford, and R. Sedgley. "INTERSPECIFIC HYBRIDISATION OF LEUCADENDRON." Acta Horticulturae, no. 552 (July 2001): 55–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2001.552.5.

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17

Astarini, I. A., G. Yan, and J. A. Plummer. "Interspecific Hybridisation of Boronias." Australian Journal of Botany 47, no. 6 (1999): 851. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt98017.

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Interspecific hybridisation within the genus Boronia was attempted by using species with a range of chromosome numbers. Crosses were possible between Western Australian species including those with B. heterophylla as the female parent and pollen from B. molloyae (n = 8), B. megastigma (n = 7), B. purdienana (n = 9) and B. ramosa (n = 18). Cytological studies revealed that B. heterophylla genotypes had different chromosome numbers; ‘Red’ had 2n = 15, whereas ‘Moonglow’ and ‘Cameo’ had 2n = 14. The F 1 hybrid from B. heterophylla ‘Red’ × B. megastigma had 2n = 15. Pollen viability, examined by using fluorescein diacetate, varied from 20% in B. crenulata to 80% in B. purdieana. Pollen of most species could be stored for 12 months in sealed containers at −20°C. Drying with silica gel desiccant did not improve storage, nor did ultra-low temperature (−196°C). Stored pollen was successfully used for interspecific hybridisation.

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18

Herrington, C. S. "Demystified ... in situ hybridisation." Molecular Pathology 51, no. 1 (February 1, 1998): 8–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/mp.51.1.8.

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19

Ceraolo, Massimo, Giovanni Lutzemberger, Claudio Scarpelli, Giovanni Paolo Bonelli, and Tommaso Piazza. "Hybridisation of forklift trucks." IET Electrical Systems in Transportation 10, no. 1 (March 2020): 116–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-est.2019.0086.

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20

Monachesi, P., L. C. Andreani, and S. Fraizzoli. "Anderson hybridisation in CeAg." Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 104-107 (February 1992): 1327–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-8853(92)90604-m.

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21

Cook, David B. "Hybridisation is not arbitrary." Journal of Molecular Structure: THEOCHEM 169 (August 1988): 79–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0166-1280(88)80251-3.

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22

Taylor, W. Carl, Neil T. Luebke, and Mary B. Smith. "Speciation and hybridisation in North American quillworts." Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. Section B. Biological Sciences 86 (1985): 259–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269727000008216.

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SynopsisSpecies of Isoetes in northeastern North America may have evolved through hybridisation and allopolyploidy. Evidence for natural hybridisation was obtained from overlapping distribution patterns, abortive and polymorphic spore formation, chromosome numbers ranging from diploid to decaploid, and additive enzyme electrophoresis profiles. The ease with which hybrids form in culture supports the hypothesis that natural hybrids occur and that hybridisation could be involved in the evolution of new species.

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23

Ebersbach, Jana, Natalia Tkach, Martin Röser, and Adrien Favre. "The Role of Hybridisation in the Making of the Species-Rich Arctic-Alpine Genus Saxifraga (Saxifragaceae)." Diversity 12, no. 11 (November 23, 2020): 440. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d12110440.

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Evolutionary processes fuelling rapid species diversification are not yet fully understood, although their major contribution to overall patterns of plant biodiversity is well established. Hybridisation is among the least understood of these processes, despite its multifaceted role in speciation processes being widely accepted. Species of the large arctic-alpine genus Saxifraga are notorious for their ability to hybridise; however, the overall role of hybridisation and polyploidisation for the diversification of this genus remains unknown. Here, we provide a comprehensive genus-wide review of hybridisation accounts and ploidy levels. We find that the sections of Saxifraga vary greatly in their propensity to hybridise. The majority of natural hybridisation accounts are from recent localised events (n = 71). Hybridisation hotspots were located in the Pyrenees and the European Alps, thus contrasting with the overall distribution of species richness in the genus. Hybrids or hybrid populations are often short-lived in Saxifraga due to a multitude of reproductive barriers, most commonly low F1 hybrid fertility. However, these barriers are not always fully effective, allowing for backcrossing and the formation of hybrid swarms. In addition, we find that the incidence of polyploidy varies widely across different sections of Saxifraga, with species-rich sections Porphyrion and Saxifraga showing divergent polyploidy proportions. Overall, we show that hybridisation and polyploidisation played differential roles in the diversification of this large genus. Nevertheless, a significant proportion of species are yet to be scrutinised, particularly among the Asian Saxifraga species, illustrating the need for systematic further study to fully unravel the role of hybridisation during the evolution of Saxifraga.

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24

Bachman, Kristine K., Stephanie J. DeWard, Constantinos Chrysostomou, Ricardo Munoz, and Suneeta Madan-Khetarpal. "Array CGH as a first-tier test for neonates with congenital heart disease." Cardiology in the Young 25, no. 1 (November 6, 2013): 115–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1047951113001868.

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AbstractObjectiveEfficient diagnosis of an underlying genetic aetiology in a patient with congenital heart disease is essential to optimising clinical care. Copy number variants are one aetiology of congenital heart disease; the majority are identifiable by targeted fluorescence in situ hybridisation or array comparative genomic hybridisation, not by classical cytogenetic analysis. This study assessed the utility of array comparative genomic hybridisation as a first-tier diagnostic test for neonates with congenital heart disease.Study designA prospective chart review of neonates with congenital heart disease in the Cardiac Intensive Care Unit at Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC was performed. Patients were tested by array comparative genomic hybridisation and classical cytogenetic analysis simultaneously. Data collected included all chromosome abnormalities detected, physical examination findings, and imaging results. McNemar’s test was used to compare detection of array comparative genomic hybridisation and classical cytogenetic analysis.ResultsOf 45 patients, three (6.7%) had an abnormality detected by classical cytogenetic analysis and an additional 10 (22.2%) had a copy number variant detected by array comparative genomic hybridisation, highlighting an increased detection rate (p=0.008). Several of these copy number variants had unclear clinical significance, requiring additional investigation. The prevalence of dysmorphology and/or comorbidity in this population was 72%. Identification of dysmorphic features was greater when assessed by a geneticist than by providers of different subspecialties.ConclusionsArray comparative genomic hybridisation has significant clinical utility as a first-tier test in this population, but it carries the potential for incidental findings and results of uncertain clinical significance. Collaboration between cardiologists and medical geneticists is essential to providing optimal clinical care.

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25

Bagnoli, Francesca, Susanna Danti, Valentina Magherini, Radiana Cozza, Anna M. Innocenti, and Milvia L. Racchi. "Molecular cloning, characterisation and expression of two catalase genes from peach." Functional Plant Biology 31, no. 4 (2004): 349. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp03203.

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Two cDNA clones encoding catalase (Cat1 and Cat2) from peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] were identified, that show homologies to other plant catalases. The nucleotide sequences of the two coding regions showed 88% identity to each other. The amino acid sequences predicted from the two full-length clones showed the highest homology to a catalase from cotton and Nicotiana plumbaginifolia L. and included C-terminal tri-peptides typical of those used to target proteins to peroxisomes. Southern hybridisation analysis suggested the existence of two catalase genes in peach. The expression of Cat1 and Cat2 was determined in seeds, vegetative tissue, leaves during the seasonal cycle and in leaves in response to light / dark treatments. Cat1 had high levels of expression only in leaf tissue and was responsive to light and seasonal changes. Cat2 had high levels of expression in in vitro shoots and was also responsive to seasonal changes, but not to light. In situ hybridisations to leaf tissue indicated that the expression of Cat1 was localised mainly in palisade cells, while Cat2 mRNA was present in the vascular tissue. The results of the expression analysis and in situ hybridisation suggest a role for Cat1 in photorespiration and for Cat2 in stress responses.

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26

Ali, Akhtar, R. A. J. Hodgson, and J. W. Randles. "Sensitive detection of pea seed borne mosaic potyvirus by dot blot and tissue print hybridisation assays." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 49, no. 2 (1998): 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/a97088.

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Dot blot and tissue print hybridisation assays were developed for the rapid and sensitive detection of pea seed borne mosaic virus (PSbMV). Radioactive (32P-labelled) and non-radioactive (DIG-labelled) random primed cDNA probes representing the entire genome of PSbMV were used in hybridisation assays. A comparison of detection sensitivity was made between these probes and they were found equally sensitive. PSbMV was readily detected in dot blots by their homologous cDNA probes to 50 fg in purified preparations and to a 1 : 3125 dilution in purfied total nucleic acid or crude sap from infected plants. The sensitivity of heterologous probes was significantly less than that of homologous probes in purified preparation but nearly the same in purified total nucleic acid or crude sap from infected plants. The virus was also specifically detected in tissue squashes by tissue print hybridisation using cDNA probes. Non-radioactive probes were found suitable for PSbMV diagnosis without significant loss of detection sensitivity. There was no non-specific hybridisation against the healthy control in hybridisation assays using either radioactive or non-radioactive probes.

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27

Welklin, Joseph, Allison Johnson, Andrew Black, Greg Nye, Petr Sramek, Brenek Michalek, Martin Ross, et al. "New records of hybridisation in Australian Fairy-wrens Malurus spp." Australian Field Ornithology 39 (2022): 63–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.20938/afo39063075.

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Ornithologists have long been fascinated by avian hybrids and this interest has increased in recent years with advances in our understanding of the potential evolutionary consequences of hybridisation. To date there are only four published records of hybridisation between currently recognised species in the Australian fairy-wrens Malurus spp., including one involving limited gene flow between two closely related species. Here we present three new records of hybridisation among Australian fairy-wrens and provide further information on a previous report.

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28

Guo, Huanyu, Canglong Wang, Youping Nie, and Xiaoxiang Tang. "Hybridising Minjian Religion in South China: Participants, Rituals, and Architecture." Religions 13, no. 5 (April 22, 2022): 384. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel13050384.

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This study focuses on the ongoing hybridisation of minjian (folk or popular, literally “among the people”) religious activities in rural areas of south China. It demonstrates recent changes in religious hybridisation through extensive fieldwork in two villages. It also investigates intellectual debate on the concept of minjian religion and presents the relationship between state power and the religious revival in contemporary Chinese society. It then draws on fieldwork data to examine the hybrid nature of Chinese minjian religion from three aspects: the diversification of participants, the performative hybridisation of rituals, and the blending of spatial layouts. The main argument is that the revival of minjian religion involves the hybridisation of mystical and secular elements and of traditional and modern elements through the complex interactions between rural communities and official authorities.

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29

Zhao, X., S. Sahoo, K. Kyprianidis, J. Rantzer, and M. Sielemann. "Off-design performance analysis of hybridised aircraft gas turbine." Aeronautical Journal 123, no. 1270 (August 8, 2019): 1999–2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/aer.2019.75.

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ABSTRACTAn advanced geared turbofan with year 2035 technology level assumptions was established and used for the hybridisation study in this paper. By boosting the low-speed shaft of the turbofan with electrical power through the accessory gearbox, a parallel hybrid concept was set up. Focusing on the off-design performance of the hybridised gas turbine, electrical power input to the shaft, defined as positive hybridisation in this context, generally moves the compressor operation towards surge. On the other hand, the negative hybridisation, which is to reverse the power flow direction can improve the part-load operations of the turbofan and minimise the use of compressor handling bleeds. For the pre-defined mission given in the paper, negative hybridisation of descent, approach and landing, and taxi operations with 580 kW, 240 kW and 650 kW, respectively was found sufficient to keep a minimum compressor surge margin requirement without handling bleed.Looking at the hybridisation of key operating points, boosting the cruise operation of the baseline geared turbofan is, however, detrimental to the engine efficiency as it is pushing the cruise operation further away from the energy optimal design point. Without major modifications to the engine design, the benefit of the hybridisation appears primarily at the thermomechanical design point, the hot-day take-off. With the constraint of the turbine blade metal temperature in mind, a 500kW positive hybridisation at hot-day take-off gave cruise specific fuel consumption (SFC) reduction up to 0.5%, mainly because of reduced cooling flow requirement. Through the introduction of typical electrical power system performance characteristics and engine performance exchange rates, a first principles assessment is illustrated. By applying the strategies discussed in the paper, a 3% reduction in block fuel burn can be expected, if a higher power density electrical power system can be achieved.

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30

Georges, Karla, Chuckwudozi Ezeokoli, Godwin Isitor, Alex Mutani, Olivier Sparagano, and Candice Sant. "A Comparison of Peripheral Blood Smears, Autologous Cell Cultures, and Reverse Line Blot Hybridisation in Screening for Anaplasma/Ehrlichia in Roaming Dogs and Symptomatic Dogs in Trinidad." Pathogens 10, no. 11 (November 4, 2021): 1431. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10111431.

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This study compared two methods to detect cases of canine ehrlichiosis in a field setting. One method was a polymerase chain reaction for the 16S rRNA gene followed by reverse line blot hybridisation with genera and species-specific probes for Anaplasma/Ehrlichia. The second method was an autologous cell culture of peripheral leucocytes isolated from heparinised blood and maintained in a homologous canine serum in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle medium without antibiotics. The cultures were examined under light microscopy for inclusion bodies after 48 h. Leucocytes were successfully propagated for 20 of the 34 samples submitted for autologous cell culture. Inclusion bodies were observed after cell culture in leucocytes of eight dogs. Two dogs were positive to the Anaplasma/Ehrlichia genera probe and six dogs were positive to the E. canis probe after reverse line blot hybridisation. There was acceptable agreement between reverse line blot hybridisation and cell culture results. Both reverse line blot hybridisation and autologous cell cultures can be used to detect E. canis in subclinical and clinical cases of disease. A definitive diagnosis of E. canis is best achieved by a combination of clinical signs, positive autologous cell culture, and reverse line blot hybridisation results.

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31

Van Huylenbroeck, J., K. Van Laere, T. Eeckhaut, and E. Van Bockstaele. "INTERSPECIFIC HYBRIDISATION IN FLOWERING SHRUBS." Acta Horticulturae, no. 651 (June 2004): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2004.651.4.

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32

Stanys, V., G. Stanienė, T. Shikshnianas, and C. Bobinas. "INTERSPECIFIC HYBRIDISATION IN RIBES GENUS." Acta Horticulturae, no. 663 (December 2004): 861–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2004.663.155.

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33

Plaschil, S., H. Wagner, and H. Budahn. "Hybridisation of Tarenaya." Acta Horticulturae, no. 1327 (November 2021): 25–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2021.1327.3.

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34

Crevani, Lucia, Marianne Ekman, Monica Lindgren, and Johann Packendorff. "Leadership cultures and discursive hybridisation." International Journal of Public Leadership 11, no. 3/4 (August 10, 2015): 147–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijpl-08-2015-0019.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the concept of leadership culture and analyse how leadership cultures are produced in higher education reforms, in a hybridised discursive context of traditional academic values and emerging managerialism and leaderism. Design/methodology/approach – Building on a perspective on leadership as a cultural phenomenon emerging in processes in which societal, sectorial and professional discursive resources are invoked, this study adds to earlier studies on how notions of leadership are involved in the transformation of higher education organisations. To this end, the method combines a traditional qualitative study of change initiatives over a long period of time with participative observation. Focusing on two vignettes, the analysis centres on how several discursive resources are drawn upon in daily interaction. Findings – The emergence of hybrid leadership cultures in which several discursive resources are drawn upon in daily interaction is illustrated. This paper emphasises how hybrid cultures develop through confirmation, re-formulation and rejection of discursive influences. Research limitations/implications – An extended empirical material would enable further understanding of what cultural constructions of leadership that become confirmed, re-formulated or rejected. International comparisons would also enrich the analysis. Practical implications – This paper may influence leadership, leadership development and change initiatives in higher education organisation. Social implications – Higher education organisations are crucial for societal development and this paper contributes to better understanding how they are changing. Originality/value – The perspective proposed builds on recent developments in leadership studies and expands the means for focusing on social processes rather than individuals.

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35

Braun, Sebastian, Christine Humphreys, Elizabeth Fraser, Andrea Brancale, Matthias Bochtler, and Trevor C. Dale. "Amyloid-Associated Nucleic Acid Hybridisation." PLoS ONE 6, no. 5 (May 19, 2011): e19125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0019125.

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36

Barrington, David S. "Hybridisation in Costa Rican Polystichum." Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. Section B. Biological Sciences 86 (1985): 335–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269727000008307.

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SynopsisPolystichum muricatum hybridises with both P. polyphyllum and P. speciosissimum on the Cerro de la Muerte in Costa Rica. Both hybrids are intermediate between their two parents in most of the assessed characters. True indusia, which are fully developed in P. muricatum, vestigial in P. polyphyllum, and absent in P. speciosissimum, are intermediate in mean development in both hybrids. However, one sorus is likely to have either a fully-developed indusium or a vestigial indusium. False indusia are characteristic of P. speciosissimum, but are vestigial to absent in its hybrid with P. muricatum. False-indusium development appears to behave as a recessive trait in the interaction of P. speciosissimum with P. muricatum.Environmental disturbance has played a major role in the development of hybrids in Costa Rica. Mixed populations of the parent species are more common in disturbed terrain than in pristine areas, and hybrids are found only in disturbed terrain; this suggesting that disturbance promotes hybridisation.

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37

Taylor, W. Carl, and Phyllis G. Reimer. "In vitro hybridisation of Isoetes." Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. Section B. Biological Sciences 86 (1985): 467. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269727000008721.

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38

Cassidy, Andrew, and Julia Jones. "Developments in in situ hybridisation." Methods 70, no. 1 (November 2014): 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ymeth.2014.04.006.

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39

Van Laere, Katrijn, Didier Hermans, Leen Leus, and Johan Van Huylenbroeck. "Interspecific hybridisation within Buxus spp." Scientia Horticulturae 185 (March 2015): 139–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2015.01.030.

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40

Mccance, D. J., A. Singer, M. J. Campion, and AlanD B. Malcolm. "DNA HYBRIDISATION OF CERVICAL SMEARS." Lancet 325, no. 8427 (March 1985): 514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(85)92109-9.

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41

Warford, A., and I. Lauder. "In situ hybridisation in perspective." Journal of Clinical Pathology 44, no. 3 (March 1, 1991): 177–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jcp.44.3.177.

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42

Kucsera, Judit, and Lajos Ferenczy. "Interspecific hybridisation betweenCandida albicansandCandida tropicalis." FEMS Microbiology Letters 36, no. 2-3 (September 1986): 315–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1986.tb01717.x.

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43

Natho, Günther. "Zum Problem der Introgressiven Hybridisation." Feddes Repertorium 75, no. 1 (April 18, 2008): 55–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fedr.19670750104.

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44

Bobrov, E. G. "Introgressive Hybridisation, Sippenbildung und Vegetationsänderung." Feddes Repertorium 84, no. 4 (April 18, 2008): 273–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fedr.19730840403.

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45

Ward, Samantha J., Katherine Karakoula, Kim P. Phipps, William Harkness, Richard Hayward, Dominic Thompson, Thomas S. Jacques, et al. "Cytogenetic analysis of paediatric astrocytoma using comparative genomic hybridisation and fluorescence in-situ hybridisation." Journal of Neuro-Oncology 98, no. 3 (January 6, 2010): 305–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11060-009-0081-4.

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46

Wheeler, Rachael, Paul G. Nevill, Michael Renton, and Siegfried L. Krauss. "Interspecific hybridisation in tuart (Eucalyptus gomphocephala, Myrtaceae): a conservation management issue?" Australian Journal of Botany 61, no. 6 (2013): 455. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt13172.

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The anthropogenic movement of Eucalyptus species beyond their natural distributions is increasing the opportunity for interspecific hybridisation. The conservation implications arising from hybridisation between indigenous and introduced eucalypt species in modified urban landscapes is an increasingly important management issue that requires an assessment of risk. It has been claimed that much of the tuart (Eucalyptus gomphocephala DC., Myrtaceae) seed in Kings Park, a large urban bushland remnant in Perth, Western Australia, is of hybrid origin with introduced eastern Australian eucalypts, and especially with E. cladocalyx. Using molecular markers, we tested this claim and determined whether hybridisation in tuart is a conservation management issue in Kings Park, as well as the adjacent Bold Park. Eight microsatellite markers were used to genotype 220 open-pollinated tuart seedlings from 19 families. Allele frequency estimates for tuart were generated by genotyping 42 mature tuart trees. Forty-four trees of four alternative species thought to be capable of hybridising with tuart in these parks, including two non-indigenous species, E. cladocalyx and E. camaldulensis, and two indigenous species, E. decipiens and E. rudis, were also genotyped. Pairwise FST between tuart and each alternative species for these markers ranged from 0.105 to 0.204. A hybrid-index analysis of seedling genotypes showed no significant evidence for hybridisation, and no alternative species private alleles (n = 35) were found in any tuart offspring genotypes. A likelihood analysis showed that the maximum likelihood of observing no private alleles of the alternative species in the progeny occurred at a hybridisation frequency of zero for all four alternative species. We conclude that hybridisation between tuart and non-indigenous species is not currently a conservation management issue in Kings Park and Bold Park. Rather, the invasion of pure non-indigenous species, and in particular E. cladocalyx, as weeds into bushland is of greater management concern.

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47

Rose, RJ, MR Thomas, and JT Fitter. "The Transfer of Cytoplasmic and Nuclear Genomes by Somatic Hybridisation." Functional Plant Biology 17, no. 3 (1990): 303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pp9900303.

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For somatic hybridisation between two species to be successful, specific regenerability, compatibility and selection criteria must be met. The development of new methodologies has reduced the reliance on auxotrophic and albino mutants in selection strategies. Somatic hybridisation allows the transfer of chloroplast, mitochondrial or nuclear genomes in a single-step procedure and can extend the transfer boundaries defined by sexual hybridisation. Cytoplasmic genomes can be transferred over wider genetic distances than nuclear genomes. We consider the transfer of the three genomes but with particular emphasis on chloroplasts. Strategies for chloroplast transfer are reviewed. When no selection strategies for a particular chloroplast are utilised the regenerated plant will have chloroplasts from either one of the parents, but not a mixture of both. The rapid sorting out can be explained by the changes in plastid numbers that occur in the first few divisions. Biased segregation can frequently be related to an unequal input of plastids but, in some cases, plastid-mitochondrial-nuclear incompatibilities are presumably involved and more studies of the callus stage are required to identify these phenomena. Chloroplast DNA recombination is rare, consistent with known inheritance patterns and the relative conservation of the chloroplast genome. Stable heteroplasmy of chloroplasts as a result of somatic hybridisation has not been reported, although chloroplast DNA heteroplasmy occurs naturally in some species. Mitochondria can be transferred in a similar fashion to chloroplasts but, as their numbers are higher, their segregation is less likely to be complete in the regenerated plant. There are many reports of mitochondrial DNA recombination and cloned fragments containing sites of intergenomic recombination have been obtained. It appears that fusion between these organelles is common. Interspecific somatic hybridisation within a genus can produce nuclear hybrid plants that can be part of a breeding program to provide novel sources of germplasm. Aneuploids rather than amphiploids may be produced as a result of chromosome loss during the culture phase. Nuclear hybrids from wider crosses are usually infertile. However asymmetric somatic hybridisation offers the possibility of incorporating nuclear genetic material from more diverse sources. Somatic hybridisation has an important rc le in complementing conventional breeding in providing the gross genetic structure of chloroplast, mitochondrial and nuclear genomes. Specific gene transfer technologies can fine-tune the genomes thus provided.

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Kokubugata, G., K. Kondo, G. W. Wilson, L. M. Randall, A. van der Schans, and D. K. Morris. "Comparison of karyotype and rDNA-distribution in somatic chromosomes of Bowenia species (Stangeriaceae, Cycadales)." Australian Systematic Botany 13, no. 1 (2000): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sb98028.

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Somatic chromosomes at mitotic metaphase of Bowenia serrulata, B. spectabilis and B. sp. ‘Tinaroo’ is investigated by the standard aceto-orcein staining method and the fluorescent in situ hybridisation method (FISH) with ribosomal DNA (rDNA) probe. Bowenia serrulata, B. spectabilis and B. sp. ‘Tinaroo’ each have a chromosome number of 2n = 18. The karyotype of B. serrulata exhibits 10 median-centromeric chromosomes, while B. spectabilis and B. sp. ‘Tinaroo’ exhibit eight median-centromeric chromosomes. By using FISH, B. serrulata, B. spectabilis and B. sp. ‘Tinaroo’ show a hybridisation signal on the satellite of the short arm of two submedian-centromeric chromosomes. However, the other hybridisation signal pattern is different among B. serrulata, B. spectabilis and B. sp. ‘Tinaroo’.

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49

Akcakoca, Iremnur, Hamed Ghorbanpoor, Ewen Blair, Yasin Ozturk, Araz Norouz Dizaji, Tanil Kocagoz, Huseyin Avci, Damion Corrigan, and Fatma Dogan Guzel. "An electrochemical biosensor with integrated microheater to improve the sensitivity of electrochemical nucleic acid biosensors." Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering 32, no. 4 (March 15, 2022): 045008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6439/ac5a62.

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Abstract Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy is often used for biomolecular detection based on the interaction of a molecule with a receptor functionalised electrode surface and consequent impedance change. Though its performance is well established, there is still a need for improved sensitivity and specificity, especially when attempting to detect nucleic acids from clinical samples with minimal amplification steps. Localised heating is a potential approach for improving nucleic hybridisation rates and reducing non-specific interactions, and thereby producing high sensitivity and selectivity. The aim of the study was therefore to develop a microheater surrounding Au thin film electrodes, an integrated hybrid chip, for detecting genes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with enhanced sensitivity. The performance of the integrated hybrid chip was determined using the changes in the charge transfer resistance (R ct) upon DNA hybridisation using probe sequences for M. tuberculosis. Heat transfer within the system was simulated by using COMSOL Multiphysics as a mathematical modelling tool. When a temperature of 50 °C was applied to the microheater during DNA hybridisation steps, R ct values (which were indicative of DNA–DNA hybridisation) increased 236% and 90% as opposed to off-chip non-heated experiments and off-chip heated experiments. It is concluded from these observations that the microheater indeed can significantly improve the performance of the nucleic acid hybridisation assay and paves the way for the development of highly sensitive and specific integrated label-free biosensors.

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Griffin, AR, IP Burgess, and L. Wolf. "Patterns of Natural and Manipulated Hybridisation in the Genus Eucalyptus L'hérit. ̵1 A Review." Australian Journal of Botany 36, no. 1 (1988): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt9880041.

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A database of herbarium specimens of Eucalyptus, together with published and unpublished literature, was searched for records of natural or manipulated interspecific hybrids. The database was also used in conjunction with the informal classification of Pryor and Johnson to generate a list of all pairwise combinations of species within each subgenus, indexed according to tazionomic affinity and degree of coincidence of geographic distribution. The frequency of recorded interspecific hybrids in relation to the total numbers of species pairs in each index category provided a basis for exploration of patterns of hybridisation within the genus. The different subgenera are reproductively isolated under both natural and manipulated conditions. Within subgenera, current geographic distribution is a major determinant of natural hybridisation, The frequency of natural hybridisation in general reflects the hierarchy of taxonomic affinities, although important exceptions were noted in Monomlyptus and Corymbia, and there is considerable variation in rates of inter and intrasectional hybridisation within Symphyomyrtus. Tammmic revision may be indicated in such cases. Across the genus, natural hybridisation is a rather restricted phenomenon. Only 15% of combin- ations expected on geographic/taxonomic grounds have been recorded, and 37% of 'these are known from only a single herbarium record. Most records of manipulated hybrids derive from the wmmercidy important subgenus Symphyomyrtus. Combinations between geographically isolated species are Frequent and successfd crosses have been made between species in different sections, although an increased frequency of viability problems was noted in some cases. Implications for tree breeding are discussed.

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