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1
Graz, Jean-Christophe. "Gare aux hybrides." Études internationales 39, no. 3 (November 10, 2008): 361–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/019305ar.
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Résumé Les approches en termes de gouvernance ne donnent pas une explication cohérente du pouvoir consacré par l’émergence d’acteurs non étatiques sur la scène mondiale. Or, le terme d’hybride peut contribuer de façon spécifique au débat sur la mondialisation du capitalisme. Dans la mythologie, les créatures hybrides se caractérisent par une ambiguïté ontologique et une ambivalence émotionnelle. En associant ces enseignements avec les approches hétérodoxes en économie politique internationale, on peut conceptualiser les nouvelles formes de la régulation du capitalisme à partir de trois niveaux de transfert d’autorité, mettant ainsi en évidence la forte corrélation entre ambiguïté des transferts formels et informels de l’autorité et ambivalence du pouvoir incarné par ce type de gouvernance, célébré par les uns, contesté par les autres.
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MK, Rajesh, Jerard BA, P. Preethi, Regi Jacob Thomas, and Anitha Karun. "Application of RAPD markers in hybrid verification in coconut." Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology 14, no. 1 (March 2014): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1984-70332014000100006.
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Coconut palms are classified into two major types, viz., 'talls' and 'dwarfs', which mainly differ in their pollination behavior of cross- and self-pollination, respectively. Due to this difference, getting true-to-type progenies of desirable tall and dwarf cultivars has always been a challenge. The conventional practice of selection of seedlings based solely on morphological traits often results in selection of out-crossed seedlings and undesirable off-types. In the present investigation, RAPD markers for the tall/dwarf trait were identified in coconut using a bulked DNA approach. Screening of tall and dwarf palm bulk DNA with 200 primers revealed a RAPD primer OPBA3 which was able to clearly differentiate both the tall and dwarf bulks. For validation, the primer was used to screen individual tall and dwarf coconut palms representing different geographic regions. The primer was also used to screen the parents and validate hybrids of Dwarf x Tall crosses.
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Prasad, B. K. "Sliding wear characteristics of grey cast iron as affected by the type and fraction of solid lubricants in oil." Industrial Lubrication and Tribology 66, no. 5 (August 5, 2014): 569–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ilt-06-2012-0052.
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Purpose – The purpose of the paper is to assess the influence of the volume fraction solid lubricants like talc lead and graphite in oil separately and in combination towards controlling the sliding wear behaviour of a grey cast iron and understand the factors controlling the response of the material in a given set of experimental conditions. Design/methodology/approach – The composition of the lubricating medium (oil) has been changed by dispersing 5 per cent graphite, talc and lead particles separately and in combination. Sliding wear tests were conducted on grey cast iron samples over a range of applied pressures. Parameters determined were wear rate and frictional heating. The wear behaviour of the samples was further substantiated through the features of wear surfaces, subsurface regions and debris particles. Material removal mechanisms and factors responsible for a specific response of the samples have also been analysed. Findings – The wear rate increased with increasing applied pressure. Addition of graphite and lead to the oil separately or in combination brought about a reduction in the wear rate of the samples; talc and talc + lead produced a reverse trend. Temperature near the specimen surface increased with test duration and applied pressure. The test environment influenced the frictional heating in a manner similar to that of the wear rate. Adhesion and abrasion were observed to be the operating material removal mechanisms. Smearing of the solid lubricating phase and delamination resulting from cracking tendency also controlled the wear response. Research limitations/implications – Oil is a very popular lubricant used in engineering applications involving friction and wear. Solid lubricants are used along with the oil. The nature, characteristics and content of the solid lubricants very much control the performance. Limited information is available pertaining to assessing the influence of the type and fraction of solid lubricants in the oil towards controlling the wear behaviour of cast irons (popularly known tribomaterials). The present study enables to understand the effectiveness of talc, lead and graphite in oil towards governing the wear characteristics of cast iron and analyse wear mechanisms and controlling parameters. Practical implications – Graphite and talc are available in nature in abundance. Graphite is a popularly known solid lubricant, while talc is less explored. Lead is also well-known as a solid lubricant but poses health hazard in practice due to its toxic nature. The present study explores the lubricating capability of talc when mixed with oil separately or in combination with lead and graphite towards controlling the wear response of a grey cast iron. It enables to understand the factors responsible for the specific response of talc. Social implications – Assessment of the lubricating potential of talc as a possible substitute to lead is important in view of the toxic nature of the latter. If successful, the exercise could enable to replace lead with talc. Originality/value – The present manuscript is an original piece of the author's research work.
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Pi-Puig, Teresa, Dante Yosafat Animas-Torices, and Jesús Solé. "Mineralogical and Geochemical Characterization of Talc from Two Mexican Ore Deposits (Oaxaca and Puebla) and Nine Talcs Marketed in Mexico: Evaluation of Its Cosmetic Uses." Minerals 10, no. 5 (April 26, 2020): 388. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min10050388.
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The detailed mineralogical, physical and chemical characterization of nine samples of imported cosmetic talc and of two samples of talc from currently non-productive Mexican ore deposits (Oaxaca and Puebla States) is presented. The imported cosmetic talc was classified into two groups, considering whether they are packed in the country of origin or in Mexico and considering their price. X-ray diffraction, infrared short wave, thermogravimetric analysis and scanning electron microscopy were used for mineralogical characterization. For the physical characterization, colorimetry and laser granulometry were used. The chemical composition (major, trace elements) was studied by ICP-MS. It was concluded that only the highest priced and imported in packaged form talcs meet the specific purity requirements for a talc of cosmetic type. The talcs that are packed in Mexico and the talc of the studied Mexican deposits present mineralogical and chemical impurities that make their use difficult in the manufacture of high-quality cosmetic talc. The low-price talc should not be sold as cosmetic talc, and the regulations in Mexico on this subject should be reviewed and updated.
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Stackelberg, Katharine T. Von. "Garden Hybrids." Classical Antiquity 33, no. 2 (October 1, 2014): 395–426. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/ca.2014.33.2.395.
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This article discusses representations of hermaphrodites in the domestic context of Roman gardens and argues that the spatial context of the hermaphrodite body is as germane to critical understanding as the intersexed body itself. The spatial and semantic interrelations between Roman gardens and hermaphrodite images focus on the dynamics of viewing hermaphrodite types in Italo-Roman art (section 1), the spatial configuration of hermaphrodites with documented findspots (section 2), Ovid's introduction of garden imagery in the tale of Salmacis and Hermaphroditus (Met. 4. 285–388) compared to the Salmakis inscription from Kaplan Kalesi at Halicarnassus (section 3), and the historical correlation to Augustan Rome's vegetative symbolism (section 4). This synthesis of material, literary, and historical evidence for hermaphrodite images indicates that their representation in Roman domestic art can be read as an expression of domestic harmony that mirrored the emphasis on heterosexual union and political concord ushered in by Augustus and Livia.
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Roberts, Malcolm P., and John D. Clemens. "Origin of high-potassium, talc-alkaline, I-type granitoids." Geology 21, no. 9 (1993): 825. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1993)021<0825:oohpta>2.3.co;2.
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Mittal, Prakhar, Shiva Naresh, Priyanka Luthra, Amardeep Singh, Jatinder Singh Dhaliwal, and Gurpreet Singh Kapur. "Polypropylene composites reinforced with hybrid inorganic fillers: Morphological, mechanical, and rheological properties." Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials 32, no. 6 (July 16, 2018): 848–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0892705718785674.
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Mineral fillers like talc and mica are commonly used in the plastic industry because of their tendency to alter the properties of thermoplastic materials. Polypropylene (PP)-talc (PTC), PP-mica (PMC), and PP-talc/mica hybrid composites (PHC) were prepared. Results indicated that filler particle size, type, and content greatly influence the mechanical and rheological properties of the composites. Shear viscosity decreased with the increase in shear rate. At 40°C, an increase of approximately 120% in storage modulus ( E′) was observed in PMC composites. C parameter increased, whereas reinforcing efficiency ( r) decreased with the increase in filler loading. Percent elongation of each type of composites decreased with the increase in filler loading. Tensile modulus of PTC composite increased significantly by 103% (571 MPa) at 20% loading of talc, whereas for PHC and PMC composites, increase of 93% (543 MPa) and 81% (511 MPa) was observed. Flexural modulus also increased considerably by 88% (2413 MPa), 80% (2313 MPa), and 62% (2084 MPa) of PTC, PHC, and PMC composites at 20% filler loading.
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Budakva, Yelyzaveta. "HAPLOGROUPE MITOCHONDRIAL DES LIGNÉES MODERNES DE PORCS HYBRIDES." Grail of Science, no. 18-19 (September 1, 2022): 112–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.36074/grail-of-science.26.08.2022.18.
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L’objectif de cette étude était de caractériser la diversité génétique des porcs hybrides de (Large White × Landrace) × Maxgro en Ukraine. Présentation des résultats du typage ADN de porcs hybrides de (Large White × Landrace) × Maxgro de LLC SPE « Globinsky pig complex ». En utilisant l’analyse PCR-RFLP du polymorphisme de la boucle-D de l’ADN mitochondrial, 7 haplotypes mitochondriaux ont été identifiés – C, D, E, G, K, N, O. Dans un échantillon de porcs hybrides (n=37), la concentration déterminée d’haplotypes (%). Il a été établi que les haplotypes mitochondriaux qui ont été identifiés С (23%) – sont caractéristiques des porcs Landrace, Hampshire, Pays de Galles (Wales), cochon sauvage (Ukraine, Pologne); haplotype O (12,8 %) - inhérent au cochon sauvage et à la race Landrace (Suède); haplotype G (12,8 %) - propre à la race du Pays de Galles, cochon sauvage (Italie); haplotype N (28%) - caractéristique de la Large White race de porcs, les représentants sont porteurs de type asiatique. Il convient de noter que l’haplotype asiatique N est caractéristique du cochon sauvage asiatique et de la race Berkshire. Les données sur l’hybridation des génomes mitochondriaux d’origine asiatique et européenne sont présentées - est la base de la création de lignées modernes de porcs hybrides sur la lignée maternelle. Les porcs atteints de l’haplotype N appartiennent à l’haplogroupe A(D) et les porcs avec haplotype C, O, G appartiennent à l’haplogroupe E (E1 et E2). Il est possible que les haplotypes D (10,26%), E (5,13%), K (7,70%) appartiennent à l’haplogroupe A(D). Les porcs sauvages de type asiatique avec l’haplotype N appartiennent à l’haplogroupe A. Yorkshire et Berkshire appartiennent aux subhaplogroups D1a1 et D1b, D1e, D3 - confirmant la contribution maternelle des porcs asiatiques indigènes aux races modernes occidentales. Il s’est avéré que l’haplogroupe E chez les porcs hybrides est dominant, cependant, l’haplogroupe A est le précurseur de l’haplogroupe E. Je suppose que les porcs de grande race blanche avec haplotype N, D, E, K – contiennent des ressources génétiques autochtones. Porcs avec haplotype D, E, K - sont le résultat d’une hybridation avec des sangliers européens. Au fil du temps, cela a conduit à la disparition presque complète des principaux ancêtres du Moyen-Orient dans les génomes nucléaires des porcs européens domestiqués. Hypothèse selon laquelle l’élevage bovin saisonnier traditionnel, migrations annuelles à longue distance qui ont eu lieu dans le passé et le commerce des noyaux, expliquer le régularité observé de flux génétique favorable chez les porcs hybrides. Toutefois, je ne peux exclure la possibilité que les porcs asiatiques ont été directement impliqués dans la création de ou croisement ultérieur avec des races locales de porcs d’Ukraine. Le travail a été fait avec le soutien de l’Académie nationale des sciences agraires de l’Ukraine 31.01.00.07.F. « Étudier l’effet pléiotropique des gènes le SNP utilisés dans Sélection Assistée par Marqueurs de porcin » DR № 0121U109838.
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Chen, Nan Chun, Ai Ping Deng, Peng Cheng, and Wei Wang. "Friction Property of HDPP Modified with Talc under the Dry Friction Condition." Advanced Materials Research 148-149 (October 2010): 1745–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.148-149.1745.
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: The talc with average volume grain of 5.35 µm was modified by the mixture of HDPP as bases, grinding talc as the reinforecing filler and proper quantity of coupling agent. After blending the mixture of coupling agent of 1.7 (wt) %, different mass ratio of talc among 4~14 (wt) % and HDPP, the characteristics of surface modification was performed on electron microscopy and the friction properties grinding against stainless steel was analyzed on abrasion and wear tester of M-2000 type under dry sliding condition. The results show that the friction rate of composites is 1.909*10-5 with lower abrasion proof rate, and the friction coefficient is 0.147 with better friction resisting property when the content of talc is 8%. In this way, it can offer comparable data for fiber and other areas.
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Vidojkovic, Velislav, Tamara Boljanac, Andjelka Brankovic, Milica Vlahovic, Sanja Martinovic, and Natasa Djordjevic. "The influence of filler type on the corrosion stability of the sulfure concrete." Chemical Industry 64, no. 2 (2010): 129–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hemind090918001v.
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Sulfur concrete was prepared by using the initial components: sand as an aggregate, modified sulfur binder, and talc, alumina, microsilica, and fly ash as fillers. Portland cement concrete was made of the same aggregate and fillers and portland cement. The durability of prepared concrete samples was tested in following aggressive solutions: 10% HCl, 20% H2SO4, and 3% NaCl as a function of time. Changes in mass and strength of the sulfur concrete were monitored periodicallly during the immersion time of 360 days in above solutions. These changes were used as a measure of deterioration level. It should be highlighted that the samples with the ash and especially talc exhibit higher durability in the solutions of HCl and H2SO4 than the samples with alumina and microsilica. In the solutions of NaCl all samples shown excellent durability while the samples with talc were the best. Portland cement concrete samples after two months lost 20 % of mass and shown degradation of mechanical properties. By usage of sulfur for sulfur concrete production, huge environmental problem regarding storage of waste sulfur from oil refining process is solved. On the other hand, sulfur concrete with its low price has an excellent quality for the application in aggressive environments unlike more expensive PCC.
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Israilov, M. Zh, G. A. Muratov, S. G. Boboev, and A. Muratov. "PRODUCTIVITY OF F1 HYBRID PLANTS OBTAINED BY CROSSING DWARF AND LOW-GROWING LINES AND HIGH-GROWING VARIETIES OF G. HIRSUTUM L." EurasianUnionScientists 6, no. 5(74) (June 14, 2020): 41–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.31618/esu.2413-9335.2020.6.74.765.
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This article presents the results of an analysis of studies on the variability of the trait of plant productivity and its components in cotton F1 hybrids, obtained on the basis of complete diallel crossing of dwarf, low-growing lines with tall cotton varieties of the species G. hirsutum L. It was revealed that in F1hybrids according to the harvest of raw cotton and its constituent elements, it varies differently depending on the genotypes of the parent components and combinations of crosses. Moreover, in F1 hybrids, a sign of the productivity of plants and its components shows dominance and overdomination of the signs of better and worse parents, aswell as an intermediate type of inheritance. It has been established that the indicator of the number of bolls and the yield of raw cotton per plant in tall varieties is controlled mainly by dominant genes, and the raw mass of one box of these varieties is controlled mainly by recessive genes
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Wu, Haoyu, Mingyue He, Shaokun Wu, Mei Yang, and Xi Liu. "Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Study of OH Stretching Modes in Pyrophyllite and Talc." Crystals 12, no. 12 (December 4, 2022): 1759. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst12121759.
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Pyrophyllite and talc are both tetrahedra–octahedra–tetrahedra (TOT)-type phyllosilicates, but differences can be found in the stacking mode of the layers and the ion occupation. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to differentiate between pyrophyllite and talc. In the 400–600 cm−1 region, pyrophyllite exhibits six peaks, while talc only exhibits five peaks. In the 1000–1200 cm−1 region, pyrophyllite exhibits three clear peaks at approximately 1051, 1070, and 1121 cm−1; while talc only exhibits one strong peak near 1020 cm−1. The differences between pyrophyllite and talc in the near–infrared (NIR) region are clear in the 4000–4700 cm−1 region, and pyrophyllite exhibits an intense peak around 4615 cm−1, which is attributed to the combination of the OH and Si-O-Si stretching bands. Talc has a maximum peak located near 4324 cm−1, which is attributed to the OH stretching vibration. In addition, talc has a secondary peak near 4366 cm−1. Talc has two other weaker peaks around 4054 and 4180 cm−1. The 7000–7250 cm−1 region exhibits the first fundamental overtone of the OH group stretching vibrations. The common characteristic band of these two minerals is 7175–7183 cm−1. The first overtone of OH stretching vibrations can also be generated by adjacent peaks in the fundamental overtones. The peaks of these two minerals around 7094 cm−1 appear to be a combination of 3630 (±5) cm−1 and 3642 (±3) cm−1.The factor of the first fundamental overtone of the OH group stretching vibration is 1.95 (±0.003). Therefore, the characteristic peaks in the mid-infrared (MIR) and NIR regions can be used to distinguish between pyrophyllite and talc, providing a research basis for further exploration in related geological areas.
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Liu, Fang, Zhi Bin Zhang, Ling Ling Xu, and Ming Shu Tang. "Study on the Resistance of Ultraviolet Radiation of Composite Materials Based on Epoxy Resin." Advanced Materials Research 391-392 (December 2011): 812–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.391-392.812.
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Previous research indicated epoxy resin based repairing materials have been widely used due to its outstanding advantages in strength, durability corrosion, abrasion resistance and reasonable price, etc. But its nonperforming resistance of ultraviolet radiation restricted popularization and using. In this paper the effect of inorganic fillers (quartz sand, rutile type titanium dioxide and talc powder) and organic fillers (HALS-770 and UV-P) on the Compressive strength of RME irradiated was studied. The results indicated that inorganic and organic fillers revealed good shielding effect. The inorganic fillers decreased the compressive strength of RME about 20MPa, and talc powder was better than quartz sand and rutile type titanium dioxide. Organic fillers had unaffected in strength, and combined use of HALS-770 and UV-P had better resistance than alone. The strength retention of RME with talc powder and combined with HALS-770 and UV-P irradiated 4500h were 85.65% and 93.5%.
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Qian, Xin, Mi Zhou, Dong Xu, Shu Jun Xu, and Yang Fu Jin. "Isothermal and Non-Isothermal Crystallization Behavior of Poly(L-Lactic Acid) with Nucleating Agents." Advanced Materials Research 335-336 (September 2011): 1299–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.335-336.1299.
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The effects of Amide type nucleating agents SX , talc and nucleating agents SX combination with talc on crystallization behavior of poly (L-lactic acid）(PLLA) were analyzed by means of Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)．The results of non-isothermal crystallization showed that SX is an efficient nucleating agent. The crystallization peak temperature and degree of crystallization of PLLA sample with 0.6 wt% SX are both higher than that of PLLA sample with 4 wt% Talc，which proved that the nucleating ability of SX is stronger．Nucleating agent SX and talc combination has obvious coordination effects, the sample of PLLA/0.2 wt % SX + 4 wt % talc has the minimal crystallization undercooling temperature, the highest crystallization peak temperature and crystallinity. Isothermal crystallization kinetics of PLA showed that when the four nucleating agents added in are all with the Avrami exponent n between 2.1-2.5, crystallization tended to be heterogeneous nucleation. When the nucleating agents added in are 0.6 wt%, the crystallization time is greatly decreased to 0.75min. Meanwhile, the PLLA crystallinity could be significantly increased by adding SX nucleating agents; besides, with the decrease of the isothermal crystallization temperature, the half crystallization time of the PLLA/0.6 wt% SX sample was decreased.
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T. C. Nunez and V. M. de Paz. "FLOWERING AND YIELD CHARACTERISTICS OF MACAPUNO-BEARING DWARF X TALL COCONUT HYBRIDS." CORD 11, no. 02 (June 1, 1995): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.37833/cord.v11i02.295.
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Three macapuno-bearing dwarf x tall coconut hybrid trees were observed to exhibit some characteristics influenced by the dwarf female parents. Flowering started as early as 39 to 57 months after planting. Intraspadix overlapping of 43 to 100% was also recorded suggesting moderate to high degree of self pollination.
Macapuno yield ranged from 0-50% per bunch. The nuts resemble the female parents in form but were generally heavier. They were all classified as type l macapuno.
Binomial test showed goodness of fit to 3:1 ratio of normal to macapuno nuts.
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T. C. Nunez and V. M. de Paz. "FLOWERING AND YIELD CHARACTERISTICS OF MACAPUNO BEARING DWARF X TALL COCONUT HYBRIDS." CORD 6, no. 01 (December 1, 1990): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.37833/cord.v6i01.233.
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Three macapuno‑bearing dwarf x tall coconut hybrid trees were observed to exhibit some characteristics influenced by the dwarf female parents. Flowering started as early as 39 to 57 months after planting. Intraspadix overlapping of 43 to 100% was also recorded suggesting moderate to high degree of self pollination.
Macapuno yield ranged from 0‑50% per bunch. The nuts resemble the female parents in form but were generally heavier. They were all classified as type l macapuno.
Binomial test showed goodness of fit to 3:1 ratio of normal to macapuno nuts.
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Afif, Muhammad Ariya, Muhammad Nicko Azharry Setyabudi, Mochamad Chalid, and Bambang Priyono. "Utilization of Recycled PP-Talc Waste into Composite Products with the Hot Melt Mixing Method." Piston: Journal of Technical Engineering 5, no. 2 (January 16, 2022): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.32493/pjte.v5i2.19494.
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Polypropylene (PP) is one type of plastic material often used. As the materials' specifications get higher, PP is combined with other materials to achieve the desired characteristics. One of them is Talc. Behind its significant growth, there is one main problem, namely the mismanagement of plastic waste that causes environmental pollution. Therefore, one method that can overcome this problem is the recycling method. This research was conducted to investigate the characterization between pure and recycled materials and the optimum composition obtained to get finished goods that were close to materials using pure materials. This research was conducted using PP-Talc scrap with 20% and 30% talc content, then combined with dry and hot melt mixing methods. The alloy material was then tested using a Scanning Electronic Microscope (SEM), Universal Testing Machine (UTM), and Simultaneous Thermal Analyzer (STA). The results showed that the recycled material's morphological changes, mechanical properties, and thermal properties almost resembled the pure material. Specific ratios of 20% and 30% recycled PP-Talc gave rise to new morphological changes and mechanical properties.
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Anjum, Hirra, Syed Waqas Ahmad, Rabia Sharif, and Muhammad Tausif. "Effect of filler type and composition on the mechanical, thermal, and dynamic mechanical properties of PS/SBR vulcanizate." Journal of Polymer Engineering 36, no. 6 (August 1, 2016): 607–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/polyeng-2015-0066.
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Abstract Dynamic vulcanization is an eminent industrial process to enhance the physical, thermal, and rheological properties of polymer composites. The present experimental study comprised the formation of polystyrene (PS) and styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) composites using three different types of fillers, namely, kaolin, talc, and rice husk powder (RHP), whereas dicumylperoxide was added as a cross-linking agent. Further, the filler loading was varied from 0 to 20 parts per hundred of resin (phr) for all types (i.e. RHP). The mechanical (i.e. tensile strength, elongation at break, and impact strength), thermal (i.e. melting point and softening point index), and dynamic mechanical properties of each composite were measured and compared with each other. The results indicate that kaolin-based vulcanizate showed better mechanical, thermal, and dynamic mechanical properties compared to that of talc and RHP vulcanizate. Furthermore, it can be observed that the mechanical, thermal, and dynamic mechanical properties of PS/SBR vulcanizates are the function of filler loadings for all three types of fillers (i.e. kaolin, talc, and RHP). In addition, high-temperature storage properties (i.e. loss modulus and storage modulus) were also investigated for better design and material optimization. The study may be helpful to the tribological applications in material selection and design.
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Rossoni, Hygor Aristides Victor, Cláudio Mudado Silva, Cláudio Arcanjo Sousa, and Fabyano Fonseca e. Silva. "Use of talc for filamentous bulking control in effluent treatment plant." Revista Ibero-Americana de Ciências Ambientais 5, no. 1 (January 31, 2014): 293–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.6008/spc2179-6858.2014.001.0021.
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One of the main existing operational problems in activated sludge effluent treatment processes is the poor sedimentation of the biological sludge in the secondary clarifiers. This poor settleability of the sludge is, generally, associated with excessive growth of filamentous bacteria in the bioreactor causing sludge filamentous bulking. In Brazil, many pulp and paper mills have faced problems related to sludge filamentous bulking in their effluent treatment plants experiencing a significant reduction in COD and BOD removal efficiency and a loss of suspended solids in the treated effluent. The addition of talc to increase floc density for the control of filamentous bulking has been studied. The objective of this study was to test the use of talc for the control of filamentous bulking. The bio-sludge used was obtained from a recycling paper mill and had an abundance of filamentous bacteria Type 021N. The experiment consisted of five bioreactors operating batch wise with sludge age of ten days. Different talc applications were used: 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% in relation to the total suspended solids in the aeration tank. The following analyses were carried out to monitor the system: suspended solids, sludge volumetric index (SVI) and chemical oxygen demand. Successive additions of talc contributed for the reduction of IVL. Dosages of 75% and 100% showed to be most efficient to improve settleability of the sludge. The presence of talc did not interfere with biological activity of the sludge. However, it was observed an increase of the total suspended solid concentration in the aeration tank. The addition of talc had a temporary effect on sludge settleability, so it was necessary to add repeatedly talc in the reactor in order to maintain a low sludge volumetric index.
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Zhang, Yong-zhong, Guo-hua Gu, Xiang-bin Wu, and Kai-le Zhao. "Selective depression behavior of guar gum on talc-type scheelite flotation." International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy, and Materials 24, no. 8 (July 29, 2017): 857–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12613-017-1470-x.
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Khafidh, Muhammad, Donny Suryawan, Lilis Kistriyani, Muhammad Naufal, and Rifky Ismail. "Friction Optimization of Talc Powder-Reinforced Elastomers for Prosthetic Foot Application." Prosthesis 5, no. 1 (January 12, 2023): 88–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/prosthesis5010007.
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Patients with lower limb amputation usually use prosthetic feet. Elastomeric material is an important part of prosthetic feet since it can determine their safety and lifetime. The elastomeric material should have high friction for safety, and at the same time it should have low wear for a longer lifetime. This research is aimed to study the optimum formulation of talc-powder-reinforced silicone elastomer to obtain high friction during sliding contact. The Taguchi orthogonal array L9 formula is used to achieve the aforementioned goal. The experiments use multiple parameters, namely, the type of silicone, the type of surface texture, the amount of catalyst, and the amount of talc powder. The results show that the combination of RTV 683, a smooth texture, 4% of catalyst, and 60% of talc powder is the most optimum composition to obtain the highest frictional force. It has a higher friction force in comparison with the imported products, and, at the same time, it has comparable wear with the imported products. The hardness of the optimized materials is comparable with the imported products. However, the tensile and tear strengths of the optimized materials need to be improved.
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Pavlovic, Marko, Jasmina Nikolic, Ljubisa Andric, Dejan Todorovic, Katarina Bozic, and Sasa Drmanic. "Synthesis of the new lost foam refractory coatings based on talc." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society, no. 00 (2021): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc211019111p.
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This paper is focused on the preparation procedures, using talc-based filler to improve the rheologic properties of the lost foam refractory coatings. Talc, with grain size of 40 mm, was mechanically activated in a vibration mill over the following times: 10, 20 and 30 min. Depending on the time required for the mechanical activation, the change in the filler grain size and shape was analysed along their effects on the talc-filled lost foam coating dispersion ability and stability. In order to characterize the filler, the following methods were used: X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and optic microscopy. The coating compo-sition was tuned by choosing the suitable grain size and shape factor of the activated filler. In addition, different coating components (additives, solvent) were applied to alter the coating generation procedure. It was shown that the application of this type of the lost foam refractory coatings - water-based coatings - have a positive influence on quality of the aluminium alloy castings, which contributes to reducing the cost of cleaning and processing of the castings. Also, alcohol-based refractory coatings with talc-based activated fillers were tested and used to have the castings produced in the sand moulds.
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Pavlovic, Marko, Jasmina Nikolic, Ljubisa Andric, Dejan Todorovic, Katarina Bozic, and Sasa Drmanic. "Synthesis of the new lost foam refractory coatings based on talc." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society, no. 00 (2021): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc2100111p.
Full textAbstract:
This paper is focused on the preparation procedures, using talc-based filler to improve the rheologic properties of the lost foam refractory coatings. Talc, with grain size of 40 mm, was mechanically activated in a vibration mill over the following times: 10, 20 and 30 min. Depending on the time required for the mechanical activation, the change in the filler grain size and shape was analysed along their effects on the talc-filled lost foam coating dispersion ability and stability. In order to characterize the filler, the following methods were used: X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and optic microscopy. The coating compo-sition was tuned by choosing the suitable grain size and shape factor of the activated filler. In addition, different coating components (additives, solvent) were applied to alter the coating generation procedure. It was shown that the application of this type of the lost foam refractory coatings - water-based coatings - have a positive influence on quality of the aluminium alloy castings, which contributes to reducing the cost of cleaning and processing of the castings. Also, alcohol-based refractory coatings with talc-based activated fillers were tested and used to have the castings produced in the sand moulds.
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Gladkova, E. V. "Pathogenetic features of experimental osteoarthrosis induced by dexamethasone and talc." Bulletin of Siberian Medicine 21, no. 2 (July 16, 2022): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.20538/1682-0363-2022-2-19-26.
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The aim of the study was to investigate the pathogenesis of experimental osteoarthrosis induced by dexamethasone and talc by examining the structure and defining the morphometric and metabolic features of knee joint skeletal connective tissues in rats.Materials and methods. We performed a morphometric evaluation of articular cartilages (their thickness, extracellular matrix arrangement, spatial arrangement of the main components, distribution density, and main cellular indices of chondrocytes), as well as changes in subchondral bones (the presence of trabeculae in the basal layer of the articular cartilage and individual osteophytes) in 30 rats with a model of primary osteoarthrosis induced by sequential administration of 0.5 ml dexamethasone (2 mg) and 1 ml 10% sterile talc suspension mixed with normal saline into the joint cavity. We studied the histologic specimens of the knee joints stained with hematoxylin – eosin, Alcian blue (рН 1.0 and 2.5), as well as with Van Gieson’s, Masson’s, and Mallory’s trichome stains. The metabolic features of the articular cartilage and bone tissues were investigated by determining the hyaluronan, osteocalcin, and type I collagen levels in the serum of the rats.Results. In the rats with dexamethasone- and talc-induced osteoarthrosis, the thickness of cartilages in their weight-bearing areas decreased by 50%, the spatial arrangement of chondrocytes was impaired, and the nuclear – cytoplasmatic ratio (р < 0.01) decreased to 0.3. Besides, a rise in the serum levels of hyaluronan (p < 0.001) to 110.2 ng / ml, type I collagen fragments (p < 0.001) to 217.9 ng / ml, and osteocalcin (p < 0.001) to 231.1 ng / ml was detected.Conclusion. The main pathogenetic features of experimental osteoarthrosis induced by dexamethasone and talc include impaired distribution density, morphological characteristics, and functional activity of chondrocytes, which results in inhibited synthesis of extracellular matrix components in the articular cartilage and activated destruction of proteoglycans containing unsulphated glycosaminoglycans. The subchondral bone remodeling in experimental osteoarthrosis induced by dexamethasone and talc is characterized by intensification of synthetic activity of osteoblasts.
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Zerbo, L., M. Seynou, B. Sorgho, G. Lecomte-Nana, M. Gomina, and P. Blanchart. "Microstructure and Weibull distribution of rupture strength of clay-talc ceramics." Cerâmica 65, no. 374 (June 2019): 240–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0366-69132019653742518.
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Abstract The mechanical properties of clay-talc ceramics containing 0 to 10 wt% of talc fired at 1100 °C were obtained by flexural measurements. With the average value of flexural strength of 23.1 MPa, the sample with 5 wt% of talc (G5) was the strongest and it had the lowest value of interconnected pore (64%). The scattering of strength values was described with the Weibull distribution model. For all samples, Weibull plots showed either a typical linear behavior or a multi-stage response and the Weibull modulus varied in a large range of 3 to 14, depending on the ceramic type and on the applied load. Interconnections between pores formed a network of possible failures under the stress field, resulting in a change of Weibull plots. Reducing the grain size range and the pore interconnectivity led to a reduced strength distribution. The flaw size range had a unimodal distribution for sample G5 with homogeneous microstructure and correspondingly a Weibull modulus m=9.79.
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Lee, Danbee, Seungkyun Kim, Birm-June Kim, Sang-Jin Chun, Sun-Young Lee, and Qinglin Wu. "Effect of Nano-CaCO3 and Talc on Property and Weathering Performance of PP Composites." International Journal of Polymer Science 2017 (2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/4512378.
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Wood plastic composites (WPCs) are increasingly being utilized these days due to their excellent mechanical properties and low maintenance cost. Despite these advantages, poor UV resistance and low impact strength are drawbacks. To overcome these shortcomings, coextrusion technology has recently been applied in the production of WPCs and it has been showing good results. However, further research on the combination of different functional enhancements is still needed. This study, therefore, manufactured polypropylene (PP) composites filled with UV stabilizer and inorganic fillers (i.e., nano-CaCO3 and talc) and then investigated the influence of weathering on the mechanical and morphological properties of the filled composites as a function of filler type and content. UV stabilizer effectively protected the filled composites from UV-induced photodegradation. At 2.5 wt% nano-CaCO3 (NCC), the NCC particles were well dispersed in the PP matrix, thereby improving the mechanical properties of the filled composites. The best results were observed in 2.5 wt% NCC and 10 wt% talc hybrid filled composites. The composites prepared by adding UV stabilizer to the PP matrix together with NCC and talc exhibited high mechanical properties and improved weathering resistance, and, thus, the combination of NCC, talc, and UV stabilizer in the PP matrix is applicable for shell layer to be used in coextruded WPCs.
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Andrzejewski, Jacek, Mateusz Markowski, and Mateusz Barczewski. "The Use of Nanoscale Montmorillonite (MMT) as Reinforcement for Polylactide Acid (PLA) Prepared by Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM)—Comparative Study with Biocarbon and Talc Fillers." Materials 15, no. 15 (July 27, 2022): 5205. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15155205.
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The subject of the presented research focuses on a comparative assessment of three types of polymer fillers used to modify highly crystalline poly(lactic acid) PLA intended for the FDM technique. The aim of the presented work was to determine the performance of the developed materials. The key aspect of the work was the use of polymer fillers of three different types. Nano-sized montmorillonite (MMT), biobased biocarbon (BC) and mineral talc. The several types of composites were prepared using extrusion technique. The maximum content for BC and talc filler was limited to 20 wt%, while for MMT it was 5 wt%. Prepared samples were subjected to detailed material analysis including mechanical tests (tensile, flexural, Charpy), thermal analysis (DSC, DMTA), HDT/Vicat tests and structure analysis. The results of the test confirmed that even relatively small amount of nano-type filler can be more efficient than micrometric particles. The used type of matrix was highly crystalline PLA, which resulted in a significant nucleation effect of the crystalline structure. However, thermomechanical tests revealed no improvement in thermal resistance. Microscopic survey confirmed that for MMT and talc filler the structure anisotropy was leading to more favorable properties, especially when compared to structures based on spherical BC particles.
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T.A. Davis and R.B. Maliangkay. "COCONUT BISEXUAL FLOWERS AND THEIR SIGNIFICANCE FOR HYBRID SEED GARDENS." CORD 4, no. 01 (December 1, 1988): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.37833/cord.v4i01.207.
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Among the tall and dwarf varieties of coconut as well as the hybrids between them, occasionally one comes across hermaphrodite or bisexual flowers. Some indNridual palms produce a high percentage of hermaphrodite flowers while a great majority of others do not produce any bisexual flower at all. There is clear evidence that coconut flowers at the primordial stage are bisexual with the potential. to develop both stamens and pistils in the same flower. But at a later stage of development, one grows into a female flower whose male organs are reduced to a ring of six staminodes. Another develops into a staminate flower whose pistils are reduced to three pistillodes. However, due to genetic, ecological, physiological or other factors, some unisexual. flowers show an atavistic display of hermaphroditisin. Bisexual flowers are observed among tall. and dwarf variety palms. The negligible percentage of bisexual flowers that occur in large estates where the fruits are not used as seeds has no major disadvantage. But in seed gardens, especially where inter‑varietal hybrid seeds are produced, hermaphrodite flowers are capable of reducing the percentage of true hybrids. Timely removal of hermaphrodite flowers, therefore, would reduce the occurrence of undesirable true‑to‑mother type progeny and enhance the success of intervarietal hybridization.
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Amon, Nicolas Yao, Sylvain Kouassi Konan, Dongo Koffi Kouassi, and Kouakou Yao. "Performances zootechniques des mâles de Oreochromis niloticus (Linné, 1758), Sarotherodon melanotheron (Rüppell, 1853) et leurs hybrides en phase de grossissement en cages installées en étang." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 14, no. 5 (September 14, 2020): 1611–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v14i5.10.
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En Côte d’Ivoire, l’élevage en milieu lagunaire a du mal à prendre son envol du fait du manque de poisson intéressant au plan zootechnique. En vue de rechercher une bonne espèce à potentialité piscicole, deux souches pures de tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus et Sarotherodon melanotheron) et leurs hybrides (♀ S. melanotheron x ♂ O. niloticus et ♀ O. niloticus x ♂ S. melanotheron) ont été étudiées en phase de grossissement en cages. Ainsi, deux cent quarante (240) poissons issus d’un prégrossissement en bacs en béton avec des poids moyens initiaux compris entre 33,60 ± 2,11g et 70,25 ± 2,20g ont été repartis en 8 lots à raison de deux lots par type de croisement. Ces poissons ont été suivis pendant six (6) mois durant lesquels ils ont reçu quotidiennement un aliment titrant 30% de protéines. Les résultats relatifs aux performances de croissance ont révélé que les hybrides issus du croisement ♀ O. niloticus x ♂ S. melanotheron ont une croissance (0,70 ± 0,02g/j) supérieure à celles des hybrides de ♀ S. melanotheron x ♂ O. niloticus (0,45 ± 0,01g/j) et de S. melanotheron (0,37 ± 0,03 g/j). La croissance de O. niloticus a été la meilleure (1,22 ± 0,01g/j). Quant à la survie, les hybrides et leurs parents S. melanotheron ont enregistré un taux supérieur à celui de O. niloticus (100% contre 83,33%). Ces résultats suggèrent que les hybrides ont une adaptabilité aux milieux lagunaires comparable à celle de S. melanotheron. L’ hybride issus du croisement ♀ O. niloticus x ♂ S. melanotheron qui a mieux hérité de la résistance au milieu lagunaire de S. melanotheron ainsi que de la bonne croissance de O. niloticus, se présente comme le meilleur choix pour une pisciculture lagunaire à grande échelle.Mots clés : Tilapias, Croissance, survie, lagune.
English Title: Zootechnical performances of males of Oreochromis niloticus (Linné, 1758), Sarotherodon melanotheron (Rüppell, 1853) and their hybrids in growth phase in cages installed in pondIn Ivory Coast, the breeding in lagoon environment has difficulty to take off because of the lack of interesting fish at the zootechnical level. In order to identify a potential candidate species for fish farming in brackish water, two pure strains of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus and Sarotherodon melanotheron) and their hybrids (♀ S. melanotheron x ♂ O. niloticus and ♀ O. niloticus x ♂ S. melanotheron) were studied in the growth phase in cages. Thus, two hundred and forty (240) fish from a pregrowth in concrete tanks with initial average weights between 33.60 ± 2.11g and 70.25 ± 2.20g were divided into 8 lots at the rate of two lots by type of crossing. These fish were followed for six (6) months during which they received daily food containing 30% protein. The results relating to the growth performances revealed that the hybrids resulting from the crossing ♀ O. niloticus x ♂ S. melanotheron have a growth (0.70 ± 0.02 g/d) higher than those of the hybrids of ♀ S. melanotheron x ♂ O. niloticus (0.45 ± 0.01 g/d) and S. melanotheron (0.37 ± 0.03 g/d). The growth of O. niloticus was the best (1.22 ± 0.01 g/d). As for survival, the hybrids and their parents S. melanotheron recorded a higher rate than that of O. niloticus (100% against 83.33%). These results suggest that the hybrids have good adaptability to the lagoon environment like S. melanotheron. The hybrid from the cross ♀ O. niloticus x ♂ S. melanotheron, which has better inherited the resistance to the lagoon environment of S. melanotheron as well as the good growth of O. niloticus, is the best choice for lagoon fish farming. in large scale.Keywords: Tilapias, growth, survival, lagoon.
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Mannes, GP, AS Gouw, HH Berendsen, AJ Verhoeff, and PE Postmus. "Mesothelioma presenting with pneumothorax and interlobar tumour." European Respiratory Journal 4, no. 1 (January 1, 1991): 120–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/09031936.93.04010120.
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A patient presented with a pneumothorax, a parahilar mass and a pleural effusion on the left side. Histology proved that this was caused by a malignant mesothelioma, epithelial type. The pneumothorax persisted, even after chest drainage and pleurodesis with talc powder and tetracycline.
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Fasihi, Mohammad, Ali Asgari Targhi, and Hossein Bayat. "The simultaneous effect of nucleating and blowing agents on the cellular structure of polypropylene foamed via the extrusion process." e-Polymers 16, no. 3 (May 1, 2016): 235–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/epoly-2016-0033.
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AbstractThe current work presents the preparation of polypropylene (PP) foams by the extrusion process, focusing on the influence of the foaming agent and nucleating agent on the microstructure of the foams. Sodium bicarbonate alone and also its mixture with citric acid were used as the chemical blowing agents. Expanded graphite nanoparticle and talc were also used as the nucleating agents. Great differences were found in terms of the foam structure depending on the type of nucleating and blowing agents. Using expanded graphite nucleating agent instead of talc resulted in foams with higher cell densities and more uniform cellular structures. Moreover, the foams including the mixed blowing agents exhibited higher cell densities and upper expansion ratio.
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Décarie, David, and Marie-Frédérique Desbiens. "Le « roman-essai » (1934-1947). Un précurseur de l’essai littéraire au Québec?" @nalyses. Revue des littératures franco-canadiennes et québécoise 15, no. 1 (July 23, 2020): 26–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.18192/analyses.v15i1.4760.
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Cet article vise à décrire un nouveau type de roman qui apparaît dans les années 1930 et 1940 au Québec et que nous proposons de nommer « romans-essais ». Notre article repère dans 9 oeuvres hybrides tenant à la fois du roman et de l’essai de nombreuses caractéristiques communes (tantôt thématiques, tantôt formelles). Cet article rapproche de plus le roman-essai de la forme plus spécifique de l’essai (parfois appelée « essai littéraire ») qui a connu un développement important au Québec dans les années 1950 et 1960 et émet l’hypothèse qu’il s’agirait d’un précurseur de ce genre.
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Smith, Heather D., Mickael Baqué, Andrew G. Duncan, Christopher R. Lloyd, Christopher P. McKay, and Daniela Billi. "Comparative analysis of cyanobacteria inhabiting rocks with different light transmittance in the Mojave Desert: a Mars terrestrial analogue." International Journal of Astrobiology 13, no. 3 (May 14, 2014): 271–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1473550414000056.
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AbstractThe Mojave Desert has been long considered a suitable terrestrial analogue to Mars in many geological and astrobiological aspects. The Silver Lake region in the Mojave Desert hosts several different rock types (talc, marble, quartz, white carbonate and red-coated carbonate) colonized by hypoliths within a few kilometres. This provides an opportunity to investigate the effect of rock type on hypolithic colonization in a given environment. Transmission measurements from 300 to 800 nm showed that the transmission of blue and UVA varied between rock types. The wavelength at which the transmission fell to 1% of the transmission at 600 nm was 475 nm for white carbonate and quartz, 425 nm for red-coated carbonate and talc and 380 nm for marble. The comparative analysis of the cyanobacterial component of hypoliths under different rocks, as revealed by sequencing 16S rRNA gene clone libraries, showed no significant variation with rock type; hypoliths were dominated by phylotypes of the genusChroococcidiopsis, although less abundant phylotypes of the genusLoriellopsis, LeptolyngbyaandScytonemaoccurred. The comparison of the confocal laser scanning microscopy-λ (CLSM-λ) scan analysis of the spectral emission of the photosynthetic pigments ofChroococcidiopsisin different rocks with the spectrum of isolatedChroococcidiopsissp. 029, revealed a 10 nm red shift in the emission fingerprinting for quartz and carbonate and a 5 nm red shift for talc samples. This result reflects the versatility ofChroococcidiopsisin inhabiting dry niches with different light availability for photosynthesis.
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ASTRUC, A., S. RAFI, and F. CHEVALIER. "Une formation pilote hybride sur l'analyse des données quantitatives. Avantages et points de vigilance." EXERCER 32, no. 174 (June 1, 2021): 284–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.56746/exercer.2021.174.284.
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Les formations hybrides se développent depuis 2012 et montrent une meilleure efficacité pédagogique que les formations présentielles. L’Université Sorbonne Paris Nord (USPN) a mis en place un enseignement hybride pour la formation sur l’analyse des données quantitatives. La formation était divisée en 3 sessions. L'une d'entre elles était en ligne, les deux autres en présentiel. La session en ligne était divisée en plusieurs séquences courtes avec une auto-évaluation par l’étudiant à la fin de chaque séquence. La formation était hébergée sur la plateforme Moodle®. Cette plateforme étant gratuite et largement diffusée dans les universités, cela permet de reproduire facilement une formation. Toutefois, l'ergonomie de la formation n'était pas optimale et nécessiterait la participation d'une équipe d’informaticiens. Il semble important qu'une équipe soit organisée pour construire les cours en ligne et les maintenir au long cours. Ce type de formation permet une meilleure adéquation entre le moment où les compétences doivent être mobilisées et la place de la formation dans le cursus. La possibilité donnée à l'étudiant de refaire le cours à tout moment permet de consolider les acquisitions. Les cours hybrides peuvent être intégrés au 3e cycle de médecine générale, mais nécessitent un soin particulier à son implémentation.
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Afzal, Muhammad, Shakir Saleem, Nalini Singh, Imran Kazmi, Ruqaiyah Khan, Mohammed Shahid Nadeem, Mazin A. Zamzami, Fahad A. Al-Abbasi, and Firoz Anwar. "Evaluation of diphenhydramine in talc induced type 2 diabetes mellitus in Wistar rats." Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy 97 (January 2018): 652–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2017.10.085.
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Laplanche, E., O. Tantot, N. Delhote, A. Périgaud, S. Verdeyme, B. Barelaud, and René-Philipe Gramond. "Coupleurs microondes en guide rectangulaire en bande Ku par impression 3D plastique." J3eA 18 (2019): 1015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/j3ea/20191015.
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Dans ce papier est présentée la conception de coupleurs directifs microondes basés sur des guides d’ondes volumiques facilement imprimables en plastique par technologie FDM ou Polyjet©. La conception d’un coupleur en guides d’ondes croisés est abordée à la manière d’un projet sub-divisible en plusieurs phases, de la bibliographie à la mesure du dispositif une fois celui-ci imprimé. L’ensemble de ces phases étant relativement interdépendantes, il est possible de se concentrer uniquement sur l’une d’elles dans le cadre d’une séance de travaux pratiques, ou d’en sélectionner plusieurs dans le cadre d’un projet par exemple. Dans une seconde partie, deux topologies de coupleurs hybrides se prêtant également bien à ce type de projets sont présentées, à savoir des coupleurs Short-Slot et Ladder-Type.
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Ryu, Youngjae, Joo Sohn, Byung Kweon, and Sung Cha. "Shrinkage Optimization in Talc- and Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Polypropylene Composites." Materials 12, no. 5 (March 6, 2019): 764. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12050764.
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The shrinkage of reinforced polymer composites in injection molding varies, depending on the properties of the reinforcing agent. Therefore, the study of optimal reinforcement conditions, to minimize shrinkage when talc and glass fibers (GF) (which are commonly used as reinforcements) are incorporated into polypropylene (PP), is required. In this study, we investigated the effect of reinforcement factors, such as reinforcement type, reinforcement content, and reinforcement particle size, on the shrinkage, and optimized these factors to minimize the shrinkage of the PP composites. We measured the shrinkage of injection-molded samples, and, based on the measured values, the optimal conditions were obtained through analysis of variance (ANOVA), the Taguchi method, and regression analysis. It was found that reinforcement type had the largest influence on shrinkage among the three factors, followed by reinforcement content. In contrast, the reinforcement size was not significant, compared to the other two factors. If the reinforcement size was set as an uncontrollable factor, the optimum condition for minimizing directional shrinkage was the incorporation of 20 wt % GF and that for differential shrinkage was the incorporation of 20 wt % talc. In addition, a shrinkage prediction method was proposed, in which two reinforcing agents were incorporated into PP, for the optimization of various dependent variables. The results of this study are expected to provide answers about which reinforcement agent should be selected and incorporated to minimize the shrinkage of PP composites.
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Klimovskaya, Ekaterina E., and Andrei A. Ivanov. "Mineralogical and petrographic features of metakomatiites of the Kostomuksha greenstone structure (Karelia)." LITOSFERA, no. 6 (December 28, 2018): 870–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.24930/1681-9004-2018-18-6-870-891.
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Object of study. The paper presents the mineralogical and petrographic study results of metamorphosed and metasomatized komatiites and komatiitic peridotites from the Ozerki soapstone deposit and Pentinsuo prospect, located in the Kostomuksha greenstone structure of the Karelian Craton, Fennoscandian Shield. Material and methods. Surface and drill core samples of various mineral and structural-textural varieties of altered komatiites were studied by optical microscopy, electron microscopy with an attachment for microanalysis, XRD phase, thermogravimetric and chemical analysis. Results. Soapstone formation in the investigated localities displays a multistage alteration and associates with the superimposed alteration of Mg-rich metakomatiite flows and olivine cumulates due to influx of carbon dioxide bearing fluids enriched in calcium and potassium. The chemical composition of initial komatiite (MgO content of the rock) and the degree of its fracture intensity are the main factors controlling soapstone formation. In differentiated lava flows soapstone is formed mainly in high-magnesium cumulate zones characterized by a high content of serpentine. In the flow top and spinifex zones an early amphibole-chlorite-magnetite mineral association is preserved in varying degrees. Talc and carbonate are formed by the decomposition of serpentine and amphibole. The chlorite content in soapstone is controlled by the Al2O3 concentration in the respective flow zones. Conclusion. The carbonate-chlorite-talc is the general natural type of soapstone associated with thin komatiite lava flows of distal volcanic facies. In more thick proximal lava flows the formation of soapstone of chloritecarbonate-talc and talc-carbonate composition is possible. The most prefered prospecting areas for soapstone are fields proximal to the eruptive vent, main lava conduits and subvolcanic analogues of komatiites.
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Ahmid-Said, Y., and B. E. Leake. "The composition and origin of the Kef Lakhal amphibolites and associated amphibolite and olivine-rich enclaves, Edough, Annaba, NE Algeria." Mineralogical Magazine 56, no. 385 (December 1992): 459–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.1992.056.385.02.
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AbstractThe Kef Lakhal amphibolitcs and associated amphibolitc and olivine-rich enclaves are dcscribcd and their major and trace element chemistry indicates that both amphibolites were evolved medium to high alumina tholeiitic basalts with talc-alkaline affinities probably formed within plate settings. The olivine-rich enclaves are disrupted periodotites of the type lherzolite-harzburgite and probably represent mantle residua after melting.
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Aguilar-Hernández, Gabriela, Luis Gerardo Zepeda-Vallejo, María de Lourdes García-Magaña, María de los Ángeles Vivar-Vera, Alejandro Pérez-Larios, Manuel I. Girón-Pérez, Ana Velia Coria-Tellez, Cristian Rodríguez-Aguayo, and Efigenia Montalvo-González. "Extraction of Alkaloids Using Ultrasound from Pulp and By-Products of Soursop Fruit (Annona muricata L.)." Applied Sciences 10, no. 14 (July 16, 2020): 4869. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10144869.
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The main goal of this work was to measure the total alkaloid content (TALC) from pulp, peel, seed, and columella of soursop fruit (Annona muricata L.) by ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and to obtain the best conditions of the UAE with the response surface methodology (RSM). We evaluated the effect of amplitude (40%, 70%, and 100%), time (5, 10, and 15 min) and pulse-cycles (0.4, 0.7, and 1 s) and compared the best UAE conditions of alkaloids with a conventional extraction (maceration). The structural characterization of the raw material with the highest TALC was developed using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques [1H, 13C, heteronuclear single quantum correlation (HSQC), heteronuclear multiple bond correlation (HMBC), and homonuclear correlation spectroscopy (COSY)]. According to the RSM, the best conditions in the UAE for extracting alkaloids varied depending on the type of plant tissue. It took 5 min with an amplitude of 70% and pulse-cycles of 1, 0.4, and 1 s, respectively, to extract the highest TALC in peel, seed, and columella while the optimal conditions for extracting the largest amount of alkaloids from the pulp were obtained at 5 min in UAE with pulse-cycles of 0.55 s and 100% amplitude. The TALC was highest in the peel (7.48 mg/g), which was followed by the seed (2.31 mg/g), the pulp (1.20 mg/g), and the columella (0.79 mg/g) and was positively correlated (R2 = 0.98–0.88) with the predicted values. In addition, the extraction alkaloids from the peel, pulp, seed, and columella using the UAE was 56.31, 5.45, 3.06, and 2.96 times higher, respectively, than the extraction by maceration. The alkaloids identified in the peel have not been reported and were nornuciferin, assimilobin, anonaine, and isolaureline. This study showed that the soursop fruit peel can be a source of alkaloids and that UAE has an important potential for extracting these compounds.
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Smejda-Krzewicka, Aleksandra, Konrad Mrozowski, Piotr Kobędza, and Agnieszka Adamus-Włodarczyk. "The Use of Iron(II,III) Oxide (Fe3O4) as a Cross-Linking Agent for Unfilled and Filled Chlorosulfonated Polyethylene (CSM) and Study of the Vulcanizates Properties." Materials 15, no. 20 (October 18, 2022): 7276. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15207276.
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This paper discusses the cross-linking behaviors, mechanical and dynamical properties, and flammability of elastomeric composites containing unconventionally cured chlorosulfonated polyethylene (CSM). The purpose of this work was to verify the CSM ability to cross-link with iron(II,III) oxide (Fe3O4) and to produce flame retardant materials. During the first series of tests, three types of CSM were used, differing in the content of bound chlorine (29–43%). The results showed that the CSM with 43% bound chlorine (Hypalon 30, CSM43) was the most advantageous type of chlorosulfonated polyethylene in terms of its properties. It exhibited a short vulcanization time, a high degree of cross-linking, and very good mechanical properties. In the next stage, the CSM composites with various fillers (talc, arsil, kaolin, chalcedonite, or carbon black) were prepared, because filled rubber materials are of the greatest practical importance. The cross-linking kinetics, equilibrium swelling, mechanical and dynamic properties as well as flammability were studied. It was found that the addition of fillers led to a decrease in the degree of cross-linking, an increase in the vulcanization time (in the case of talc, arsil, or kaolin), an increase in the overall mechanical strength (in the case of carbon black, arsil or talc). All filled vulcanizates proved to be non-flammable, as the specific oxygen index value exceeded 37.5%.
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Giorgetti, G., P. Marescotti, R. Cabella, and G. Lucchetti. "Clay mineral mixtures as alteration products in pillow basalts from the eastern flank of Juan de Fuca Ridge: a TEM-AEM study." Clay Minerals 36, no. 1 (March 2001): 75–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/000985501547367.
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AbstractTransmission electron microscope-analytical electron microscope analyses have been carried out on secondary minerals from pillow basalts with various degrees of alteration from the Juan de Fuca Ridge (ODP Leg 168). The electron microscopic data indicate that the alteration products consist mainly of phyllosilicate mixtures. The least altered sample shows poorly crystalline phyllosilicates occurrring as flakes with 10 Å -spaced lattice fringes. They have compositions of celadonite mixed with smectite and/or Fe oxyhydroxides and Mg-rich smectite. Proceeding towards older, more altered basalts, the alteration products consist of: (1) poorly crystalline celadonite mixtures and Mg-rich smectite; and (2) phyllosilicates with a higher degree of crystallinity, showing lattice fringes with 9.1 Å -spacing and with a talc-like composition. Changes in phyllosilicate association occur as the type of alteration changes from an oxidizing, water-dominated system (occurrence of celadonite mixtures with Fe hydroxides) to a reducing, rock-dominated system (occurrence of Fe-smectite and talc-like mixtures).
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Fu, Maoqi, Johannes Andreas Blechar, Andreas Sauer, Jozef Al-Gousous, and Peter Langguth. "In Vitro Evaluation of Enteric-Coated HPMC Capsules—Effect of Formulation Factors on Product Performance." Pharmaceutics 12, no. 8 (July 23, 2020): 696. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics12080696.
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A comparative study on different enteric-coated hard capsules was performed. The influence of different formulation factors like choice of enteric polymer, triethyl citrate (TEC) concentration (plasticizer), talc concentrations (anti-tacking agent), and different coating process parameters on the sealing performance of the capsule and the disintegration time were investigated. Furthermore, the influence of different disintegration test methods (with disc vs. without disc and 50 mM U.S. Pharmacopoeia (USP) buffer pH 6.8 vs. biopredictive 15 mM phosphate buffer pH 6.5) was evaluated. All formulations showed sufficient but not equivalent acid resistance when tested. Polymer type was the main factor influencing the capsule sealing and disintegration time. In addition, TEC and talc could affect the performance of the formulation. Regarding the choice of the disintegration test method, the presence of a disc had for the most part only limited influence on the results. The choice of disintegration buffer was found to be important in identifying differences between the formulations.
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Bröms, Jeanette E., Petra J. Edqvist, Katrin E. Carlsson, Åke Forsberg, and Matthew S. Francis. "Mapping of a YscY Binding Domain within the LcrH Chaperone That Is Required for Regulation of Yersinia Type III Secretion." Journal of Bacteriology 187, no. 22 (November 15, 2005): 7738–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.187.22.7738-7752.2005.
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ABSTRACT Type III secretion systems are used by many animal and plant interacting bacteria to colonize their host. These systems are often composed of at least 40 genes, making their temporal and spatial regulation very complex. Some type III chaperones of the translocator class are important regulatory molecules, such as the LcrH chaperone of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis. In contrast, the highly homologous PcrH chaperone has no regulatory effect in native Pseudomonas aeruginosa or when produced in Yersinia. In this study, we used LcrH-PcrH chaperone hybrids to identify a discrete region in the N terminus of LcrH that is necessary for YscY binding and regulatory control of the Yersinia type III secretion machinery. PcrH was unable to bind YscY and the homologue Pcr4 of P. aeruginosa. YscY and Pcr4 were both essential for type III secretion and reciprocally bound to both substrates YscX of Yersinia and Pcr3 of P. aeruginosa. Still, Pcr4 was unable to complement a ΔyscY null mutant defective for type III secretion and yop-regulatory control in Yersinia, despite the ability of YscY to function in P. aeruginosa. Taken together, we conclude that the cross-talk between the LcrH and YscY components represents a strategic regulatory pathway specific to Yersinia type III secretion.
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Funnell-Harris, Deanna L., Scott E. Sattler, Patrick M. O’Neill, Kent M. Eskridge, and Jeffrey F. Pedersen. "Effect of waxy (Low Amylose) on Fungal Infection of Sorghum Grain." Phytopathology® 105, no. 6 (June 2015): 786–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-09-14-0255-r.
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Loss of function mutations in waxy, encoding granule bound starch synthase (GBSS) that synthesizes amylose, results in starch granules containing mostly amylopectin. Low amylose grain with altered starch properties has increased usability for feed, food, and grain-based ethanol. In sorghum, two classes of waxy (wx) alleles had been characterized for absence or presence of GBSS: wxa (GBSS−) and wxb (GBSS+, with reduced activity). Field-grown grain of wild-type; waxy, GBSS−; and waxy, GBSS+ plant introduction accessions were screened for fungal infection. Overall, results showed that waxy grains were not more susceptible than wild-type. GBSS− and wild-type grain had similar infection levels. However, height was a factor with waxy, GBSS+ lines: short accessions (wxb allele) were more susceptible than tall accessions (undescribed allele). In greenhouse experiments, grain from accessions and near-isogenic wxa, wxb, and wild-type lines were inoculated with Alternaria sp., Fusarium thapsinum, and Curvularia sorghina to analyze germination and seedling fitness. As a group, waxy lines were not more susceptible to these pathogens than wild-type, supporting field evaluations. After C. sorghina and F. thapsinum inoculations most waxy and wild-type lines had reduced emergence, survival, and seedling weights. These results are valuable for developing waxy hybrids with resistance to grain-infecting fungi.
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Meeks, Meghyn, Ambika Chandra, and Ben G. Wherley. "Growth Responses of Hybrid Bluegrass and Tall Fescue as Influenced by Light Intensity and Trinexapac-ethyl." HortScience 50, no. 8 (August 2015): 1241–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.50.8.1241.
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Interspecific hybrids between texas bluegrass (Poa arachnifera Torr.) and kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) are known to exhibit good heat tolerance, which has aided in their adaptation to the warmer climates of the southern United States, but their tolerance to shade has not been investigated. The objectives of this study were to 1) evaluate the growth responses of interspecific bluegrass hybrids (P. arachnifera × P. pratensis) in comparison with kentucky bluegrasses and a shade-tolerant cultivar of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) under full sunlight and shaded environments, 2) identify optimum times to evaluate shade tolerance using the selected growth measurements, 3) calculate the minimum daily light requirements to retain acceptable turfgrass quality, and 4) determine if trinexapac-ethyl (TE) applications enhance hybrid bluegrass quality under shade. Two 10-week greenhouse experiments (late spring and early fall) were conducted in Dallas, TX. Within each of three light environments a randomized complete block design was used to accommodate three replications of eight genotypes treated with and without TE (0 or 0.228 kg·ha−1 a.i.). Turfgrass quality, leaf elongation rates, clipping dry weights, and percent green cover were measured. Meaningful comparisons were best during the late spring when daily light integrals (DLI) were optimum for healthy plant growth. Shade-tolerant hybrid bluegrasses (DALBG 1201 and TAES 5654) were identified using turfgrass quality and leaf elongation rates. These genotypes exhibited above-acceptable turfgrass quality in all environments, and a reduced leaf elongation rate similar to the tested dwarf-type tall fescue. DLI requirements of DALBG 1201 and TAES 5654 were ≤4 to achieve acceptable quality. TE applications generally did not improve turfgrass quality of genotypes, although leaf elongation rates were significantly reduced in all environments.
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Nam, Chang-Yong. "(Invited) Vapor-Phase Infiltration for Microelectronics Applications." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 19 (July 7, 2022): 1061. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-01191061mtgabs.
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Vapor-phase infiltration (VPI) is an emerging organic-inorganic materials hybridization technique derived from atomic layer deposition (ALD) wherein gaseous organometallic precursors and co-reactants diffuse into starting organic templates in a sequential and cyclic manner and become hybridized with the organic matrix. The resulting hybrids feature uniquely enhanced materials properties, including but not limited to mechanical, chemical, dielectric, optical, and electrical properties, which are controllable by the type and amount of infiltrated inorganic species. When combined with polymer templates with either dimensional confinement (e.g., lithographically defined polymer patterns) or intrinsic spatial chemical contrast (e.g., self-assembled block copolymer (BCP) thin films), the technique also yields a site-specific infiltration, analogous to area-selective ALD, creating a spatially localized hybridization. Furthermore, the organic matrix of such infiltrated hybrids can be selectively removed by plasma ashing and thermal annealing to generate inorganic nanostructures that inherit the morphology of starting polymer templates, providing an alternative inorganic nanopatterning methodology. In this talk, I will showcase how these features of VPI can be utilized for the applications in microelectronics, including: (a) arbitrary patterning ultrahigh aspect-ratio metal oxide nanostructures; (b) generation of metal-oxide-based nanowire and nanomesh structures for conductometric sensing; and (c) VPI-derived metal-oxide-infiltrated hybrid photoresists for extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography.
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Reznicek, Martin, Dagmar Měřínská, Martin Ovsik, Michal Stanek, Adam Dockal, and Katerina Kopecka. "Influence of Nano-Filler Type on Technological Processing and Resulting Mechanical Properties." Materials Science Forum 952 (April 2019): 180–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.952.180.
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Modification of polymers by fillers is one of the most used material alterations to improve its required properties. This article is about modification of polymer matrix by fillers with layered particles. Linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) was used as matrix and it was mixed with different kinds of fillers. Fillers used were: CaPhP – Calcium Phenylphosphonate, double layered hydroxides (ZnAl-DDS, ZnAl-lac and ZnAl-CO3) and natural Talc. Individual fillers were mixed into the matrix by kneading machine with the use of several velocities. The article focuses on influence of the individual filler on mechanical properties measured by tensile strength test. This paper also investigates the problem of process parameters’ influence on final mechanical properties and later confirms positive impact of all fillers that were used, although the size of them differs.
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Yaremchuk, Yaroslava, Sofiya Hryniv, Tadeusz Peryt, Serhiy Vovnyuk, and Fanwei Meng. "Controls on Associations of Clay Minerals in Phanerozoic Evaporite Formations: An Overview." Minerals 10, no. 11 (November 1, 2020): 974. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min10110974.
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Information on the associations of clay minerals in Upper Proterozoic and Phanerozoic marine evaporite formations suggests that cyclic changes in the (SO4-rich and Ca-rich) chemical type of seawater during the Phanerozoic could affect the composition of associations of authigenic clay minerals in marine evaporite deposits. The vast majority of evaporite clay minerals are authigenic. The most common are illite, chlorite, smectite and disordered mixed-layer illite-smectite and chlorite-smectite; all the clay minerals are included regardless of their quantity. Corrensite, sepiolite, palygorskite and talc are very unevenly distributed in the Phanerozoic. Other clay minerals (perhaps with the exception of kaolinite) are very rare. Evaporites precipitated during periods of SO4-rich seawater type are characterized by both a greater number and a greater variety of clay minerals—smectite and mixed-layer minerals, as well as Mg-corrensite, palygorskite, sepiolite, and talc, are more common in associations. The composition of clay mineral association in marine evaporites clearly depends on the chemical type of seawater and upon the brine concentration in the evaporite basin. Along with increasing salinity, aggradational transformations of clay minerals lead to the ordering of their structure and, ideally, to a decrease in the number of minerals. In fact, evaporite deposits of higher stages of brine concentration often still contain unstable clay minerals. This is due to the intense simultaneous volcanic activity that brought a significant amount of pyroclastic material into the evaporite basin; intermediate products of its transformation (in the form of swelling minerals) often remained in the deposits of the potassium salt precipitation stage.
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Horváth, László, and Elsa Pfenninger-Horváth. "Mineralogy of the Alpine-type Fissures and Talc Deposit at Saint-Pierre-de-Broughton Quebec, Canada." Rocks & Minerals 85, no. 6 (November 20, 2010): 494–511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00357529.2010.517133.
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