Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Hybridation numérique'
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Paparisteidi, Nefeli. "Pratiques pédagogiques actives et hybridations numériques dans l'enseignement supérieur : le cas d' EPITECH." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris Cité, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022UNIP7260.
Based on a project-based pedagogy, the French computer science school EPITECH claims a radical break with the traditional teaching model. Our thesis analyze this claim in the light of the school's practices and their reception by students and the teaching community. By studying the functioning of EPITECH, we wish to answer a double question. Firstly, what are the experiences of EPITECH students in this active and hybrid learning environment? Second, do these experiences dependent on their socio-economic characteristics? In line with the research questions and the chosen global approach, we opted for our methodology to conduct an ethnographic monograph. This is fed by an investigation based on a combined method of a qualitative (observations and interviews) and a quantitative approach (surveys and databases). The results of the study seem to indicate that on one hand this specific model of active learning can facilitate the progression and planning of the students' pathway. On the other hand, it seems that this pedagogy works relatively independently of the socio-economic characteristics of the students when the latter have an adequate environment and technical-pedagogical material. Through the study of the particular case of EPITECH our research aims to contribute to a better understanding of the so-called active learning in higher education
Paolucci, Philippe. "La bande dessinée numérique : entre rupture et continuité : pour une approche socio-sémiotique de la transition numérique du neuvième art : l’exemple de la revue en ligne Professeur Cyclope." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE2156.
This research focuses on the present transfer of comic books to a digital format. Following the example of printed media (such as newpapers, magazines, etc.), the Ninth Art is now shifting to a new material mode of existence which is based on calculation and intrinsic manipulation of contents (interactivity). The main goal of this study is to expose the semiotic and sociological consequences of such a shift. First, a semiotic analysis of the comic strips published in the webzine Professeur Cyclope will be given. Despite the limits of a small corpus, this analysis will highlight the formal tendencies which are nowadays used in the field of webcomic. Regardless of their various shapes, webcomics never dispose of the every formal characteristic and reading feature of their printed format predecessors. Therefore can the locution « webcomic » be seen as a sign of a tension between on the one hand, the many narrative and expressive options available in digital format, and on the other hand, the legacy of a cultural entity endowed with formal characteristics that are socialy integrated. Then, the former semiotic analysis will be completed with a set of semi-open interviews with authors who published in the webzine Professeur Cyclope. This sociological extension will highlight the way authors think about the future of digital comics and shed new light on the economic stakes currently discussed in this developing editorial field
Le, Lepvrier Benoît. "Hybridation de la FDTD à Double Grille (DG-FDTD) avec l'Optique Physique Itérative (IPO) - Application à la simulation d'antennes environnées positionnées sur des platesformes de grandes dimensions." Thesis, Rennes, INSA, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ISAR0011/document.
This thesis aims at extending the Dual-Grid FDTD (DG-FDTD) application domain via its hybridization with the Iterative Physical Optics (IPO) method. This research was motivated by the need to evaluate accurately and efficiently the antenna pattern of surrounded antennas installed on large platforms (satellite, vehicle, space launcher). Overview on numerical method involved in this class of problem revealed DG-FDTD has interesting features. This method allows precise and efficient wide-Band simulations of surrounded antennas. However, this method remains costly for electrically large problems, especially because of its rigorous formulation. This thesis assessed the limitations of DG-FDTD and then put forward its inability to resolve antenna on platform problems. To answer this issue, a hybrid scheme combining DG-FDTD with IPO is proposed in this thesis. DG-FDTD/IPO divides the initial simulation into two successive simulations. The antenna and its vicinity are firstly analyzed with DG-FDTD, and then IPO is used to analyze the platform. The two simulations are interfaced using the equivalence principle. This new method is first validated using a canonical scenario. Then, it is applied to the computation of electromagnetic radiation pattern in two antenna on platform problems (antenna on vehicle especially). The method is then exploited to effectively analyze the radiation pattern of a surrounded antenna mounted on a platform. Two improvements are finely proposed in this thesis for DGFDTD/ IPO. The first one aims at taking into account for the backward coupling between the antenna region and the metallic platform. This improvement implies a coarse description of the antenna region in the IPO simulation. The second improvement concerns the modeling of the currents in the shadow areas of the platform. This improvement answers to the need to analyze precisely antenna-On-Launcher problems. Indeed IPO do not compute currents in shadow areas. Well, for this kind of problem, shadow areas represent almost all the platform. A new method based on IPO and called Domains Sequential Processing is proposed. This method is first validated using a canonical scenario involving a cylinder. Then it is successfully applied to the analysis of a spatial launcher
Pebernet, Laura. "Etude d'un modèle Particle-In-Cell dans une approximation Galerkin discontinue pour les équations de Maxwell-Vlasov : recherche d'une solution hybride non conforme efficace." Toulouse 3, 2010. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1080/.
This thesis presents the study and the development of an efficient numerical simulation's tool for the modeling of plasma/microwave interaction in an electromagnetic software based upon a Discontinuous Galerkin (DG) scheme. This work is organized following two main steps. First, we develop a Particle-In-Cell (PIC) model appropriate for DG scheme. For this, on the one hand, we propose a hyperbolic corrector method to take into account the charge conservation law and, on the other hand, we integrate physical plasma models such as high power microwave sources, emission particles surfaces and electrons beams. Then, we propose also optimal performances for the coupling of Maxwell-Vlasov equations in order to increase the efficiency and the size of the applications to treat. This leads to study a non conformal hybridization of methods to solve the Maxwell-Vlasov problem. In the first time, we work on a hybrid method between different numerical schemes to solve a 1D Maxwell problem on non conformal meshes. In the second time, we interest in a 2D TE Maxwell problem, in order to introduce a PIC model. Finally, we realise a FDTD/FDTD hybridization on two non coincident meshes for the 2D Maxwell-Vlasov system
Leger, Raphaël, and Raphaël Leger. "Couplage pour l'aéroacoustique de schémas aux différences finies en maillage structuré avec des schémas de type éléments finis discontinus en maillage non structuré." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00679119.
Fabreges, Xavier. "Etude des propriétés magnétiques et du couplage spin/réseau dans les composés multiferroïques RMnO3 hexagonaux par diffusion de neutrons." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00551271.
Girard, Caroline. "Hybridation de méthodes numériques pour l'étude de la susceptibilité électromagnétique de circuits planaires." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2014. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/13691/1/girard.pdf.
Léger, Raphaël. "Couplage pour l'aéroacoustique de schémas aux différences finies en maillage structuré avec des schémas de type éléments finis discontinus en maillage non structuré." Thesis, Paris Est, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PEST1030/document.
This thesis aims at studying coupling techniques between Discontinuous Galerkin (DG) and finite difference (FD) schemes in a non-structured / Cartesian hybrid-mesh context,in the framework of Aeroacoustics computations. The idea behind such an approach is the possibility to locally take advantage of the qualities of each method. In other words, the goal is to be able to deal with complex geometries using a DG scheme on a non-structured mesh in their neighborhood, while solving the rest of the domain using a FD scheme on a cartesian grid, in order to alleviate the needs in computational resources. More precisely, this work aims at designing an hybridization algorithm between these two types of numerical schemes, in the framework of the approximation of the solutions of the Linearized Euler Equations. Then, the numerical behaviour of hybrid solutions is cautiously evaluated. Due to the fact that no theoretical result seems achievable at the present time, this study is mainly based on numerical experiments. What's more, the interest of such an hybridization is illustrated by its application to an acoustic propagation computation in a realistic case
Juteau, Hélène-Marie. "Les bricolages mobiles et numériques des jeunes de banlieue : de l’hybridation des ressources dans les trajectoires vers l’emploi." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020IPPAT049.
This PhD dissertation develops an approach to the hybridisation of mobile and digital practices of suburbs citizens. This work is based on a video-ethnographic fieldwork with young NEETs, aged between 18 to 25, in three French large urban areas: Saint-Denis, Villeurbanne and Marseille.We used the go-along method subjectively filmed with camera-glasses, to capture the interactions between actors and digital devices during unusual trips. The wayfinding is the principal activity in those trips. We walked and rode with forty-two young people to companies, to training centres and to administrative facilities. With this praxeological approach, we thoroughly analysed the hybridisation in real-time and the combination of different types of travel informations. This emic perspective questions the common idea that these young people, living in poor suburbs, would have fewer skills to move in the city and to use digital devices. Our work shows that NEETs produce many bricolages that combined copresent and spatial resources, interactional resources and digital resources to manage their journey. Actors are into an hybrid do-it-yourself mobility. The articulation of all resources creates different forms of hybridisations in a travel situation, showing a range of mobile and digital skills.This dissertation brings out the importance to examine both of the situational and existential dimensions of mobility to understand how actors are able to manage unusual trips to get a job. The aim of the trip is a key to understand how actors deal with the situation of mobility. Mobile and digital abilities can be properly explored when they are situated in their spatial contexts, into general practices and in a mobility plan. That is the reason why the hybridisations, developed in the dissertation, restore actors’ skills in the trip progress
Tirel, Véronique. "Hybridation par méthode de décomposition de bord appliquée à l'étude des ondes acoustiques et électromagnétiques : résultats théoriques et numériques." Paris 13, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA132036.
Deymier, Nicolas. "Étude d’une méthode d’éléments finis d’ordre élevé et de son hybridation avec d’autres méthodes numériques pour la simulation électromagnétique instationnaire dans un contexte industriel." Thesis, Toulouse, ISAE, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ESAE0038/document.
In this thesis, we study the improvement of the Yee’s scheme to treat efficiently and in arelevant way the industrial issues we are facing nowadays. For that, we first of all try to reduce thenumerical errors of dispersion and then to improve the modeling of the curved surfaces and of theharness networks. To answer these needs, a solution based on a Galerkin Discontinuous (GD) methodhas been first considered. However, the use of such method on the entire modeling volume is quite costly ;moreover the wires are not taken into account in this method. That is the reason why, with the objectiveof an industrial tool and after a large bibliographic research, we headed for the study of finite elementsscheme (FEM) on a Cartesian mesh which has all the good properties of the Yee’s scheme. Especially,this scheme is exactly the Yee’s scheme when the spatial order of approximation is set to zero. Forthe higher orders, this new scheme allows to greatly reduce the numerical error of dispersion. In theframe of this thesis and for this scheme, we give a theoretical criterion of stability, study its theoreticalconvergence and we perform an analysis of the error of dispersion. To take into account the possibilityof the variable spatial orders of approximation in each direction, we put in place a strategy of orderaffectation according to the given mesh. This strategy allows to obtain an optimal time step for a givenselected precision while reducing the cost of the calculations. Once this new scheme has been adaptedto large industrial computing means, different EMC, antennas, NEMP or lightning problems are treatedto demonstrate the advantages and the potential of this scheme. As a conclusion of these numericalsimulations we demonstrate that this method is limited by a lack of precision when taking into accountcurved geometries. To improve the treatment of the curved surfaces, we propose an hybridization between this scheme andthe GD scheme. This hybridization can also be applied to other methods such as Finite Differences(FDTD) or Finite Volumes (FVTD). We demonstrate that the technique of hybridization proposed,allows to conserve the energy and is stable under a condition that we study theoretically. Some examplesare presented for validation. Finally and to take into account the cables, a thin wire model with a highorder of spatial approximation is proposed. Unfortunately, this model does not allow to cover all theindustrial cases. To solve this issue we propose an hybridization with a transmission line method. Theadvantage of this hybridization is demonstrated thanks to different cases which would not have beenfeasible with a more simple thin wire method
Marouki, Maryem. "Chercheurs et praticiens dans les réseaux socio-numériques : multiplicité des formes de médiation en information-documentation." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOU20076.
The information and communication technologies have been widely disseminated and transformed. They contribute to social relations and collaboration modes changes. Here, the aim is to explore the technologies reconfiguration and their integration patterns and use by researchers and practitioners in the field of information and communication sciences. The purpose is to identify scientific communication type in virtual communities of practitioners and researchers in humanities and social sciences. Qualitative approach based on a participant-observation is intended for analytical and interpretive treatment. We try to have a more specific view of a virtual community operating mode. While the researches of information practice of Internet users are increasing, exchange of information including the degree of interaction between the different spheres are, however, much less analyzed in French work. Finally, taking into account the specificities of the plural online information and by transposing questions about mediation, this research joins a broader questioning of the hybridizations in digital social networks
Chevret, Edith. "Ségrégations méiotiques des chromosomes sexuels chez les sujets 46,XY et chez les sujets porteurs d'anomalies numériques de ces chromosomes : analyse par hybridation in situ fluorescente (FISH) sur les noyaux de spermatozoides humains." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble ; 1971-2015), 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995GRE10072.
Beuf, Aurélien. "Optimisation de l'hybridation des puces à ADN grâce au mélange par advection chaotique." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00524716.
Guilet, Anaïs. "Pour une littérature cyborg : l'hybridation médiatique du texte littéraire." Thesis, Poitiers, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013POIT5001.
Our thesis aims at exploring, through the cyborg metaphor, the part of the contemporary literature which produces texts that are the fruit of a hybridization between books and hypermedia. The cyborg enables us to draw a parallel between the connections that exist today between books and hypermedia, and the relationships - made up of fears and fantasies - that people have with the technologies they create. Cyborg literature does not propose works within which books and hypermedia are opposed, but works born from the reunion of two material supports, thus offering a media hybridization of the literary text. New media have to be appreciated as a motor of evolution rather than as a threat. Indeed, contemporary literary and books have to take up the challenge imposed by new media. The book is at the core of our problematic. We have to consider it as a medium for text, a medium that is not neutral and that holds its own characteristics and potential. New media offer an opportunity to reevaluate the book in its material dimension which is no longer the only medium for text: our daily reading practices, between books and screens, prove it
Boudjelaba, Kamal. "Contribution à la conception des filtres bidimensionnels non récursifs en utilisant les techniques de l’intelligence artificielle : application au traitement d’images." Thesis, Orléans, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ORLE2015/document.
The design of finite impulse response (FIR) filters can be formulated as a non-linear optimization problem reputed to be difficult for conventional approaches. In order to optimize the design of FIR filters, we explore several stochastic methodologies capable of handling large spaces. We propose a new genetic algorithm in which some innovative concepts are introduced to improve the convergence and make its use easier for practitioners. The key point of our approach stems from the capacity of the genetic algorithm (GA) to adapt the genetic operators during the genetic life while remaining simple and easy to implement. Then, the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is proposed for FIR filter design. Finally, a hybrid genetic algorithm (HGA) is proposed for the design of digital filters. The algorithm is composed of a pure genetic process and a dedicated local approach. Our contribution seeks to address the current challenge of democratizing the use of GAs for real optimization problems. Experiments performed with various types of filters highlight the recurrent contribution of hybridization in improving performance. The experiments also reveal the advantages of our proposal compared to more conventional filter design approaches and some reference GAs in this field of application
Fiers, Guillaume. "Synthèse orthogonale de poly(triazole amide)s contenant des séquences codées synthétiques ou naturelles." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAF022.
Poly(triazole amide)s are a class of sequence-defined polymers synthesized via a chemoselective iterative “AB+CD” approach on a solid support. This strategy allows to perfectly control the sequence of monomers, since the building blocks are added one by one. Moreover, the chemoselectivity of the coupling reactions enables to avoid the use of deprotection steps and to save time. In addition, the use of a solid support also minimizes the experiment time and facilitates the cleaning steps, thus reducing the total synthesis time. This synthesis pathway was used for the synthesis of different types of functional polymers. First of all, several oligomers such as structures based on alkyl or PEG chains were prepared, containing sequences of non-natural monomers that form a binary code. Those products were analyzed with two sequencing techniques: tandem mass spectrometry and nanopore single-chain analysis. A copper-free synthesis of this type of oligomers was also considered. Then, a new class of xeno nucleic acids (XNAs), peptide triazole nucleic acids (PTzNAs) was synthesized and studied. In particular, the hybridization properties of those natural sequence-containing polymers were investigated
Liber, Florin. "Le phénomène actuel de démenbrement du corps humain cultivé par les arts visuels et médiatiques au sein du processus contemporain de virtualisation numérique." Thèse, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/18074.