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Lynch, Sarah R. "Consensus on the Effective Employment of Hybrid Airships in Future Disaster Logistics." Thesis, Capella University, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10747168.
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The scholarly research on emergency supply chain management acknowledges its inherent significance in efficacious disaster response, however, what is unknown is how to employ alternative means of transportation, specifically hybrid airships, to deliver relief aid direct to a point of need amidst a lack of intact infrastructure following disaster. The purpose of this study was to investigate subject matter expert opinions to determine the level of consensus on how to apply the innovative transportation mode of hybrid airships to emergency supply chain management through delivery of emergency supplies direct to a point of need despite a lack of intact infrastructure following a disaster event. It addresses the following research question: How do subject matter experts envision effective employment of hybrid airships in emergency supply chain management within the United States? This research was a qualitative, Type 2 case study of Hurricane Sandy utilizing the examination of publicly available documents and focused interviews. The interview sample was a criterion-based selection of subject matter experts who participated in the logistical response to Hurricane Sandy, and the sample of documents were obtained from the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). Qualitative data analysis was used to identify and interpret themes throughout the data, and content clouds were specificity used to assist in visualizing interview transcript data. The consensus among subject matter experts is that hybrid airship application to emergency supply chain management should commence via a FEMA initiative to preposition the craft regionally throughout FEMA zones. Future research should address integration challenges through a Delphi study to poll a broader range of subject matter experts to refine consensus on hybrid airship employment in disaster logistics.
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Sunkaralakunta, Venkatarama Reddy Rakesh. "A User-Centric Security Policy Enforcement Framework for Hybrid Mobile Applications." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1564744609523447.
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Peterson, Scott B. "Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles: battery degradation, grid support, emissions, and battery size tradeoffs." Research Showcase @ CMU, 2012. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/167.
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Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) may become a substantial part of the transportation fleet on time scales of a decade or two. This dissertation investigates battery degradation, and how the introduction of PHEVs may influence the electricity grid, emissions, and petroleum use in the US. It examines the effects of combined driving and vehicle-to-grid (V2G) usage on the lifetime performance of relevant commercial Li-ion cells. The loss of battery capacity was quantified as a function of driving days as well as a function of integrated capacity and energy processed by the cells. The cells tested showed promising capacity fade performance: more than 95% of the original cell capacity remains after thousands of driving days worth of use. Statistical analyses indicate that rapid vehicle motive cycling degraded the cells more than slower, V2G galvanostatic cycling. These data are used to examine the potential economic implications of using vehicle batteries to store grid electricity generated at off-peak hours for off-vehicle use during peak hours. The maximum annual profit with perfect market information and no battery degradation cost ranged from ∼US$140 to $250 in the three cities. If the measured battery degradation is applied, however, the maximum annual profit decreases to ∼$10–120. The dissertation details the increase in electric grid load and emissions due to vehicle battery charging in PJM and NYISO with the current generation mix, the current mix with a $50/tonne CO2 price, and this case but with existing coal generators retrofitted with 80% CO2 capture. It also models emissions using natural gas or wind+gas. PHEV fleet percentages between 0.4 and 50% are examined. When compared to 2020 CAFE standards, net CO2 emissions in New York are reduced by switching from gasoline to electricity; coal-heavy PJM shows somewhat smaller benefits unless coal units are fitted with CCS or replaced with lower CO2 generation. NOX is reduced in both RTOs, but there is upward pressure on SO2 emissions or allowance prices under a cap. Finally the dissertation compares increasing the all-electric range (AER) of PHEVs to installing charging infrastructure. Fuel use was modeled using the National Household Travel Survey and Greenhouse Gasses, Regulated Emissions, and Energy Use in Transportation model. It was found that increasing AER of plug-in hybrids was a more cost effective solution to reducing gasoline consumption than installing charging infrastructure. Comparison of results to current subsidy structure shows various options to improve future PHEV or other vehicle subsidy programs.
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Kim, Junhan. "Essays on inflation and monetary policy." The Ohio State University, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1055443786.
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Riggieri, Alison. "The impact of hybrid electric vehicle incentives on demand and the determinants of hybrid electric vehicle adoption." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/41222.
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This dissertation identifies the average treatment effect of state level incentives for hybrid vehicles, identifies individual-level predictors of early adopters, and attempts to understand why states adopt these incentives. These questions are estimated using traditional parametric techniques, logistic regression, difference-in-difference regression, and fixed effects. In particular, this dissertation looks at changes in aggregate demand on two comparison groups: (1) the natural control group, states that did not adopt subsidies, and (2) a constructed control group, states that proposed subsidies during this same time period but did not adopt them. In addition to these parametric models, propensity score matching was used to construct a third comparison group using the models that identified determinants of the policy adoption. These findings were supplemented by exploratory analyses using the individual-level National Household Travel Survey. This multitude of evaluative analyses shows that HOV lane exemptions, if implemented in places with high traffic congestion, were found to impact aggregate demand and an individual's propensity to adopt a hybrid, while traditional incentives had limited impact.
These analyses provide insight into why states adopt certain policies and the circumstances in which these incentives are effective. Since people may be motivated by factors other than economic factors, creating effective incentives for energy efficiency technologies may be more challenging than just offsetting the price differential. Instead, customization to the local community's characteristics could help increase the efficacy of such policies.
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Eberhartinger, Eva, and Martin Six. "National Tax Policy, the Directives and Hybrid Finance. Options for tax policy in the context of the treatment of Hybrid Financial Instruments in the Parent-Subsidiary Directive and the Interest and Royalties Directive." SFB International Tax Coordination, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2006. http://epub.wu.ac.at/896/1/document.pdf.
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Petkova, Kunka, and Alfons J. Weichenrieder. "The Relevance of Depreciation Allowances as a Fiscal Policy Instrument: A Hybrid Approach to CCCTB?" WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, Universität Wien, 2018. http://epub.wu.ac.at/6536/1/SSRN%2Did3249512.pdf.
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A major goal of the EU Commission in the area of direct taxation is the introduction of a common consolidated corporate tax base (CCCTB) in Europe. While hardly discussed in the literature, such a system would limit national discretion over tax depreciation. In a sample of up to 47 countries, we find that the probability of a tax reform that improves the depreciation allowances increases, if the macroeconomic situation is weak. This suggests that changes in depreciation allowances are used as a fiscal instrument for stabilization. A common consolidated tax base deprives national governments from implementing investment incentives via accelerated depreciation. This paper discusses the possible implementation of a hybrid system that combines features of formula apportionment and separate accounting. Such a hybrid system may substantially mitigate transfer pricing problems and other tax planning issues, whilst preserving national discretion over depreciation allowances.Series: WU International Taxation Research Paper Series
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Lee, Maeng Joo. "Linking Governance and Performance: ICANN as an Internet Hybrid." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28062.
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The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) is a hybrid organization managing the most critical Internet infrastructure - the Domain Name System. ICANN represents a new, emerging Internet self-governance model in which the private sector takes the lead and the government sector plays a more marginal role. Little is known, however, about what is actually happening in this new organization.
The dissertation (a) systematically assesses ICANNâ s overall performance based on a set of evaluative criteria drawn from its mission statements; (b) explores possible factors and actors that influence ICANNâ s overall performance by tracing the governance processes in three cases based on a preliminary conceptual framework; and (c) suggests practical and theoretical implications of ICANNâ s governance and performance in its broader institutional context.
The study finds that although differing governance processes have led to different performance outcomes (Lynn et al. 2000), â stabilityâ has been the defining value that has shaped the overall path of ICANNâ s governance and performance. The study characterizes ICANN as a conservative hybrid captured, based on specific issues, by the technical and governmental communities. It also proposes the concept of â technical captureâ to suggest how technical experts can have significant, but often implicit, influence over the policy development process in organizations.Ph. D.
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Ali-Gombe, Aisha Ibrahim. "Malware Analysis and Privacy Policy Enforcement Techniques for Android Applications." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2017. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/2290.
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The rapid increase in mobile malware and deployment of over-privileged applications over the years has been of great concern to the security community. Encroaching on user’s privacy, mobile applications (apps) increasingly exploit various sensitive data on mobile devices. The information gathered by these applications is sufficient to uniquely and accurately profile users and can cause tremendous personal and financial damage.
On Android specifically, the security and privacy holes in the operating system and framework code has created a whole new dynamic for malware and privacy exploitation. This research work seeks to develop novel analysis techniques that monitor Android applications for possible unwanted behaviors and then suggest various ways to deal with the privacy leaks associated with them.
Current state-of-the-art static malware analysis techniques on Android-focused mainly on detecting known variants without factoring any kind of software obfuscation. The dynamic analysis systems, on the other hand, are heavily dependent on extending the Android OS and/or runtime virtual machine. These methodologies often tied the system to a single Android version and/or kernel making it very difficult to port to a new device. In privacy, accesses to the database system’s objects are not controlled by any security check beyond overly-broad read/write permissions. This flawed model exposes the database contents to abuse by privacy-agnostic apps and malware. This research addresses the problems above in three ways.
First, we developed a novel static analysis technique that fingerprints known malware based on three-level similarity matching. It scores similarity as a function of normalized opcode sequences found in sensitive functional modules and application permission requests. Our system has an improved detection ratio over current research tools and top COTS anti-virus products while maintaining a high level of resiliency to both simple and complex obfuscation.
Next, we augment the signature-related weaknesses of our static classifier with a hybrid analysis system which incorporates bytecode instrumentation and dynamic runtime monitoring to examine unknown malware samples. Using the concept of Aspect-oriented programming, this technique involves recompiling security checking code into an unknown binary for data flow analysis, resource abuse tracing, and analytics of other suspicious behaviors. Our system logs all the intercepted activities dynamically at runtime without the need for building custom kernels.
Finally, we designed a user-level privacy policy enforcement system that gives users more control over their personal data saved in the SQLite database. Using bytecode weaving for query re-writing and enforcing access control, our system forces new policies at the schema, column, and entity levels of databases without rooting or voiding device warranty.
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Cusano, Christine. "Vocational Instructors Experience and Practice Teaching in the Hybrid Environment." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/5846.
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At a technical post-secondary school in the Northeast United States, campus leaders lacked formative data of faculty skills and knowledge needed for instruction in a hybrid format involving both face-to-face instruction and on-line instruction. Therefore, the delivery of appropriate professional development (PD) programs for faculty whose duties include hybrid format instruction has not been provided. The purpose of this study was to identify the faculty experiences of teaching in a hybrid-learning environment, and their perceived PD needs to provide effective instruction in a hybrid-learning environment. This study explored vocational teachers' experiences and perceived PD needs related to teaching in a hybrid-teaching environment. Using Kolb's model of experiential learning, a qualitative case study design was used to sample 8 vocational instructors who met the criteria of teaching in the hybrid-learning environment in the medical assistant or the dental assistant programs. Data were collected using face-to-face interviews and were analyzed using axial coding. Themes emerging from the findings included the changing role of the instructor, concerns of plagiarism, faculty PD for teaching in a hybrid-learning environment, and practice using the learning management system (LMS). Findings based on themes indicated PD on the learning management system (LMS), and pedagogy to teach in the hybrid-learning environment is needed for the teachers. A white paper recommending initial on-going systemic PD for faculty teaching in the hybrid-learning environment was developed. Implications for social change are that faculties will become more knowledgeable instructing in the hybrid-learning environment, which will the development of hybrid teaching skills and better-prepared dental and medical assistant graduates who will provide improved care for clients.
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Maurer, Julie Ann. "Three Essays: Hybrid Model Based Analysis of the Science Workforce." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1543498036220193.
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Venard, Asongayi. "The Impact of World Bank’s Conditionality-Ownership Hybrid on Forest Management in Cameroon: Policy Hybridity in International Dependence Development." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/2349.
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Many developing countries depend on the World Bank for development assistance, which the Bank often provides with policy reform conditions. Resistance to World Bank’s conditionality caused the Bank to posit “ownership” as a country’s real assent to its development policies. The combination of ownership and conditionality invalidates the neocolonial, false-paradigm and dualism theses in explaining the international dependence development model. This study explains this model by investigating how the relationship between conditionality and ownership in the context of this model impacts forest management in Cameroon.
Integrating theoretical and methodological insights mainly from political science, economics, geosciences, and sociology, the study finds that in this model, conditionality and ownership have a hybrid relationship that fosters and hinders effective forest management in Cameroon. This finding positions policy hybridity within this model. It proposes a nouvelle way to understand international development policies’ interactions, and the effects of the interactions on natural resource management.
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Patramanis, Theodoros. "Structure finance for hybrid infrastructure models : the application of project finance into public-private partnerships for the construction and operation of infrastructure." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/34529.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, Technology and Policy Program, 2006.Includes bibliographical references (p. 103-106).
This thesis studies the application of project finance as the most efficient financing method for the construction and operation of infrastructure projects such as motorways, airports, power plants, pipelines, wastewater/sewage plants, dams, landline or cellular networks, and natural resources mines. These are large-scale, complex, and capital-intensive engineering systems, which until recently, were developed and operated either by the public or the private sector. The latest model for the construction and operation of an infrastructure project is Public-Private Partnerships ("PPP"), a hybrid structure that is becoming widespread. PPP employ private companies to construct and then operate infrastructure assets, which historically have been financed with public resources and operated on a not-for-profit basis. Through PPP agreements such as concessions, governments shift construction and operating risks to the private sector, which is usually more efficient in building and then running the assets. Project finance is a large and rapidly growing subfield of finance, yet one where academic theory and research distantly lag current practice. Project finance relies on private capital sources for financing the PPP infrastructure project, as opposed to direct government financing or corporate financing.
(cont.) The thesis hypothesis is that project finance constitutes the most robust and sophisticated financial mechanism for maximizing return on investment and mitigating risk in PPP infrastructure projects. It is the goal of this thesis to provide the organizational methodology, financial application, risk management techniques, and explain all relevant aspects of project finance so that public policy makers, developers, bankers, contractors, and other decision makers will be in a position to holistically evaluate this financial instrument and accordingly proceed to its adoption for financing infrastructure projects.
by Theodoros Patramanis.
S.M.
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Karplus, Valerie Jean. "Prospects for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles in the United States : a general equilibrium analysis." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/43185.
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Thesis (S.M. in Technology and Policy)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, Technology and Policy Program; and, (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2008.Includes bibliographical references (p. 72-76).
The plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) could significantly contribute to reductions in carbon dioxide emissions from personal vehicle transportation in the United States over the next century, depending on the cost-competitiveness of the vehicle, the relative cost of refined fuels and electricity, and the existence of an economy-wide carbon emissions constraint. Using a computable general equilibrium model, I evaluated the potential for the PHEV to enter the U.S. personal vehicle market before 2100 and alter electricity output, refined oil consumption, carbon dioxide emissions, and the economic welfare losses associated with the imposition of a strict climate policy. The PHEV is defined by its ability to run on battery-stored electricity supplied from the grid as well as on refined fuel in an internal combustion engine. Sectors that produce PHEV transportation as well as other electric-drive vehicle technologies were added to the MIT Emissions Prediction and Policy Analysis (EPPA) Model as a perfect substitute for internal combustion engine (ICE)-only vehicles. Engineering cost estimates for the PHEV, as well as information about the pre-existing fleet, were used to specify PHEV sector input shares and substitution elasticities in the model. Based on the model results, several conclusions emerged from this work. First, lower vehicle cost markups may hasten PHEV market entry, especially in the absence of a climate policy. Second, in the short term, the lower cost of electricity compared with refined fuels on a per mile basis is likely to favor adoption of vehicles with longer all-electric ranges. However, realizing the electricity advantage will depend on whether or not current battery cost and performance limitations can be overcome. Third, the availability of biofuels as a carbon neutral fuel substitute could delay PHEV market entry, especially when a climate policy is imposed.
(cont.) Fourth, large-scale adoption of the PHEV will increase electricity demand, reduce refined oil consumption, and could offset the economic welfare cost of pursuing a climate policy, especially if biofuels are not available. Fifth, realizing the maximum carbon emissions reduction potential of grid-charged electric-drive vehicles such as the PHEV will depend on concurrent reductions in power sector emissions.
by Valerie Jean Karplus.
S.M.
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Chang, Kuo-Hui. "Technological Construction as Identity Formation: the High Speed Rail, Hybrid Culture and Engineering/Political Subjectivity in Taiwan." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/77976.
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This project examines the construction of the Taiwan high-speed rail (THSR; 台灣高鐵) technology as a vehicle of Taiwanese identity formation. The THSR project is a product of a hybridization of design from Japan and Europe. The Japanese and Europeans transferred their HSR technology to Taiwan, but Taiwanese policy actors and engineers localized and assimilated it to their politics, society and history. They reconstructed the meanings of HSR technology in an indigenized (Ben-Tu-Hua; 本土化) and democratic way. In addition to focusing on the THSR's technological content and engineering practice, this dissertation explores how Taiwan identity formation has shaped technology and vice versa. The identity formation and technological construction in Taiwan tell one techno-political story.
Since the 1960s and 1970s, Taiwanese engineers were forced by international politics to cannibalize technological projects, but later they began to localize and hybridize different foreign engineering skills and knowledge. This growing engineering culture of hybridity generated impacts on the development of Taiwan's identity politics. Some critical political leaders exploited their engineers' capability to hybridize to introduce international power into Taiwan. This power then was used to either strengthen the Taiwanese population's Chinese identity or to build their Taiwanese identity. Both politics and technology offered each other restrains and opportunities.
This project offers an approach from science and technology studies to understand postcolonial technopolitics. The engineering practice of hybridity in Taiwan has become a locally transformed knowledge to reframe and negotiate with the more advanced technologies from the West and Japan, even though it was a contingent outcome of earlier international politics. In addition to technological non-dependence, this engineering culture of hybridity has given the Taiwanese an independent political vision not only against China but the West and Japan. However, Taiwan paid significant prices to acquire technological non-dependence and international independence. In addition to extra wasted money and time, some over design was often seen in their public projects. Large technological projects also often draw political patronage. Moreover, techno-political survival alone might not be enough to represent postcolonial resistance.Ph. D.
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Björnsson, Lars-Henrik, Sten Karlsson, and Frances Sprei. "Objective functions for plug-in hybrid electric vehicle battery range optimization and possible effects on the vehicle fleet." Elsevier, 2017. https://publish.fid-move.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A72804.
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This study analyzes how, in a possible electrification of the car fleet through plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV), the choice of objective function, which potentially reflects different stakeholders’ interests, may influence the resulting optimal PHEV battery range, the PHEV share in the vehicle fleet, the fleet total cost of ownership (TCO) savings, and the fleet electric drive fraction under various economic conditions and policy options.
The optimal battery range can differ considerably among objective functions, especially between the objectives of maximizing the number of PHEVs and maximizing driving on electricity. Increased viability of the PHEV, for instance, through lower battery costs, higher running cost savings, or PHEV-promoting subsidies, will strengthen this effect. Therefore, a high share of viable PHEVs in the vehicle fleet does not necessarily result in a high share of electric driving. When designing policies to promote PHEVs, both the short- and long-term policy objectives and their potential effects need to be considered explicitly.
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Yamori, Nobuyoshi, and Narunto Nishigaki. "Recent Developments of Digital Cash Projects in Japan." 名古屋大学大学院経済学研究科附属国際経済政策研究センター, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/11922.
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Thomas, Raymond Christopher. "The Strength of Weakness: Weaponized Information." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/77694.
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The Russian Federation has recently implemented a foreign policy strategy aimed at subverting the West’s ability to deter Russia from destabilizing its neighbors. This strategy combines elements of conventional military strategy with “weaponized information” in order to achieve success in the political and military arenas of conflict. “Weaponized Information” goes beyond the “network-centric” warfare envisioned by cyber security experts, focused instead upon the development of “fake news,” disinformation, and encouraging conflicting media narratives. This thesis explores this strategy through Thomas Schelling’s framework of deterrence elucidated in Arms and Influence and uses recent events in Ukraine, Syria, the United States, and Europe to describe the development and implementation of “weaponized information” in 21st Century international conflicts.Master of Arts
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Koh, Youngaah. "Community-based Culturally Relevant Art Education for Korean-American Elementary Students: Impact and Policy Implications." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1563209394172921.
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Porter, Wendy Woodfield. "Institutional Adoption of Blended Learning in Higher Education." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2014. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5762.
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Relatively little research on blended learning (BL) addresses institutional adoption in higher education. Graham, Woodfield, and Harrison (2012) proposed a framework for institutional BL adoption, identifying three stages: (a) awareness/exploration, (b) adoption/early implementation, and (c) mature implementation/growth. The framework also identified key strategy, structure, and support issues universities may address at each stage. In this series of articles, the authors applied that framework to institutions of higher education implementing BL. In the first article, the authors applied the framework to 11 Next Generation Learning Challenge (NGLC) grant recipients transitioning from Stage 1 to Stage 2 of BL adoption. The authors compared U.S. institutional strategy, structure, and support approaches to BL adoption and identified patterns and distinctions. In the final two articles, the authors applied the framework as well as Rogers' (2003) diffusion of innovations theory to determine the degree to which and why institutional strategy, structure, and support measures would facilitate or impede BL adoption among higher education faculty. The authors also explored whether faculty's innovation adoption category would affect which measures facilitated or impeded BL adoption. To achieve these objectives, the authors surveyed and interviewed faculty at BYU-Idaho (BYU-I). In the second article, the authors reviewed the survey results to determine (a) the appropriate innovation adoption category for each faculty member and (b) the factors that impacted faculty decisions to adopt BL. In the third article, the authors reviewed the results of the interviews to identify why participants reported strategy, structure, and support decisions would impact their decision to adopt BL.
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Markovic, Sonja. "Have you "bean" thinking about us? : A Policy Analysis on How the Seed Production System of Small-Scale Farmers in Ladakh Are Recognised in Indian National Seed Policies." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-434104.
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The aim of this study is twofold; To analyse and understand how well small-scale farmers seed production system from i.e Ladakh, India have been recognised in the 1966 seed policy bill and compare it with the newly released 2019 seed policy draft as well as examining potential effects if the draft is enacted. This has been done by using a post-structural policy analysis developed by Carol Bacchi and Susan Goodwin called “What is the problem represented to be”. The method has enabled for an in-depth and critical examination of the two policies in relation to the posed research questions. To be able to put the result into context and answer the questions, an analytical framework made frompost-structuralism, power relations and literature review is explained. This study concludes the problem representation to be the same for both policies, being disbelief in farmers seed production system, and that it is of disadvantage for the small-scale farmers in relation to seeds in Ladakh. This, due to its definitions and expressions of farmers and the liberal/neoliberal reasoning. Instead, the reasoning gives advantage to seed dealers and companies by favouriting Intellectual Property Rightsand a free market over farmers seed production systems and knowledges. Furthermore, this revelation resulted in a low representation for the small-scale farmers in Ladakh as they are viewed as inept of providing seeds of good quality to the market. It has also been noted that Ladakh as a remote area does not receive any special attention regarding their unique high-mountainous climate. Conclusively, the policies tend to subject all areas and farmers in India in a homogenous manner which is problematic in terms of rationality and perspectives in the policies. The lack of recognition for smallscale farmers in Ladakh and their seed production system increases the risk of further environmentaldegradation, loss heirloom seeds connected to culture and traditions and an increase of dependency onlow-land India. The author concludes that it is of relevant that small-scale farmers knowledges, not only from Ladakh, regarding seed production are incorporated in the policies. This, to eradicate on its homogeneous and inequality traits as well to minimize threatening scenarios that might result from a liberal agenda.
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Le, Treut Gaëlle. "Développements méthodologiques pour la modélisation hybride : conséquences pour l'analyse de la politique climatique dans une économie ouverte (France)." Thesis, Paris Est, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PESC1131/document.
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Cette thèse aborde les enjeux de l'hybridation des données pour la modélisation énergie-économie-environnement, et ses implications pour la politique climatique dans le cas de la France.Le travail met l'accent sur l'importance de construire une représentation hybride de l'économie, articulant de façon cohérente le cadre économique de la comptabilité nationale et les flux physiques, fournis par des bilans de matières (ex: bilan énergétique). Partant du principe qu’il est possible de réduire les incertitudes dans la recomposition des données grâce à des contraintes d’équilibres de flux, cette thèse met d’abord en place une méthode permettant de dépasser les problèmes de nomenclatures non cohérentes, de données disparates, ou simplement manquantes. Nous montrons que l’hybridation permet de décrire plus précisément le poids de l’énergie dans l’appareil productif français, ainsi que celui de certains secteurs de l’économie (ciment, acier).Le cadre hybride sert alors de base au modèle d’équilibre général IMACLIM. Ce modèle sert à explorer dans quelle mesure la comptabilité hybride permet de renouveler la discussion sur l’introduction d’une taxe carbone unilatérale en France.Nous mesurons d’abord l’importance de la procédure d’hybridation dans l’évaluation de l’impact macroéconomique de la politique climatique. La désagrégation sectorielle nous permet, dans un second temps, de conduire une discussion autour de paramètres centraux mais controversés de la modélisation : les élasticités-prix du commerce international, et la courbe salaire-chômage interprétée comme un indicateur du pouvoir de négociation des salaires. La thèse montre en particulier qu’il est possible, grâce au progrès sur la description sectorielle, de prendre en compte une hétérogénéité des régimes de formations salariales entre secteurs tout en les reliant à leur niveau d’exposition au commerce extérieur.Enfin, la thèse propose une méthode pour évaluer différents inventaires des émissions de CO2, tels que les émissions liées à la consommation, ou les émissions incorporées dans les importations, tout en s’appuyant sur le cadre hybride. Ainsi, nous fournissons des informations originales sur les moteurs des émissions en France qui permettront de prolonger l’analyse à d’autres mesures tels que l'ajustement d’une taxe carbone aux frontièresThis thesis addresses the issue of data hybridisation for energy-economy-environment modelling and its implications for climate policy in the case of France.The work emphasises the importance of building a hybrid representation of the economy, articulating coherently the economic framework of national accounts and the physical flows, provided by sectoral database (energy balance, industrial statistics). Assuming that it is possible to reduce the uncertainties of data construction, thanks to the equilibrium constraints of flows, this thesis first introduces a method which overcomes the problems of non-coherent nomenclatures, disparate data, or simply missing ones. We show that this hybridisation procedure allows to better describe the weight of both the energy in the French productive system and key sectors of the economy (cement, steel).The hybrid framework then serves to feed the IMACLIM general equilibrium model. The model is used to explore to what extent the hybrid accounts give an opportunity to renew discussion on the introduction of a unilateral carbon tax in France.We first measure the importance of the hybridisation procedure for assessing the macroeconomic impact of climate policy.Then, the sectoral disaggregation allows us to conduct a discussion around central but controversial parameters of modelling: the international trade elasticity and the wage curve interpreted as an indicator of the wage bargaining power. The thesis shows in particular that it is possible, thanks to the progress on the sectoral description, to take into account heterogeneous representation of wage formation between sectors while linking them to their level of exposure to external trade.Finally, the thesis proposes a methodology to evaluate different emission inventories of CO2, such as "consumption-based" emissions, and emissions embodied in imports while relying on the hybrid framework. We thus provide original insights on the drivers of emissions in France which could extend the analyses to other policies such as the adjustment of a carbon tax at the borders
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Hottenstein, Kristi N. "A Qualitative Case Study on Human Subject Research Public Policy Implementation at One Council on Undergraduate Research Institution." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1460468749.
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Proença, Sara Isabel Azevedo. "Impact assessment of energy and climate policies : a hybrid botton-up general equilibrium model (HyBGem) for Portugal." Doctoral thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/6126.
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Doutoramento em EconomiaClimate change mitigation and the imperative of a new sustainable energy paradigm are among the greatest challenges facing the world today, and they are high on the priority list of policy makers as well as within the scientific community. In this context significant efforts are being made in the design and implementation of energy and carbon mitigation policies at both European and national level. Evidence of this can be seen in the recent adoption by the EU of an integrated climate and energy policy that setts ambitious binding targets to be achieved by 2020 – known as the 20-20-20 targets of the EU Climate and Energy Package. Undoubtedly, the cost of these policies can be substantially reduced if a comprehensive impact assessment is made of the most efficient and cost-effective policy measures and technological options. Policy impact assessment therefore plays an important role in supporting the energy and climate decision-making process. This is the context of and motivation for the research presented in this thesis. The first part of the thesis, the conceptual framework, describes the development of the Hybrid Bottom-up General Equilibrium Model (HyBGEM) for Portugal, as a decision-support tool to assist national policy makers in conducting energy and climate policy analysis. HyBGEM is a single integrated, multi-sector, hybrid top-down/bottom-up general equilibrium E3 model formulated as a mixed complementarity problem. The second part of the thesis, the empirical analysis, provides an impact assessment of Portugal’s 2020 energy-climate policy targets under the EU Climate and Energy Package commitments, based on the HyBGEM model and the baseline projections previously developed. Five policy scenarios have been modelled and simulated to evaluate the economic, environmental and technological impacts on Portugal of complying with its individual 2020 carbon emissions and renewable energy targets. Furthermore, insights are gained into how these targets interact with each other, what are the most efficient and cost-effective policy options, and how alternative pathways affect the extent of policy-induced effects. The numerical analysis reveals that Portugal’s 2020 energy-climate targets can be achieved without significant compliance costs. A major challenge for policy makers is to promote an effective decarbonisation of the electricity generation sector through renewable-based technologies. There is evidence that the compliance costs of Portugal’s low carbon target in 2020 are significantly higher than the costs of achieving the national RES-E target, given that imposing carbon emissions constraints and subsidising renewable electricity generation via a feed-in tariffs scheme both have a similar impact on economy-wide emissions. This result suggests that the most cost-effective policy option to achieve the national energy-climate targets is to promote renewable power generation technologies, recommending that policy makers should proceed with the mechanisms that support it. The transition to a ‘greener’ economy is thus central to the ongoing fight against climate change. There is also evidence that emission market segmentation as imposed by the current EU-ETS creates substantial excess costs compared to uniform emissions pricing through a comprehensive cap-and-trade system. The economic argument on counterproductive overlapping regulation is not corroborated by the findings. Furthermore, there is no potential for a double dividend arising from environmental tax reforms. To conclude, the results highlight the critical importance of market distortions and revenue-recycling schemes, together with baseline projections in policy impact assessment.
A mitigação das alterações climáticas e o imperativo de um novo paradigma energético sustentável estão entre os maiores desafios que o mundo de hoje enfrenta, surgindo no topo da lista de prioridades quer dos decisores políticos quer da comunidade científica. Neste contexto, têm sido envidados esforços significativos na conceção e aplicação de políticas energéticas e de mitigação de carbono, tanto a nível europeu como nacional. A recente adoção de uma política integrada da UE em matéria de clima e energia, com objetivos ambiciosos a serem alcançados até 2020 – os denominados objetivos 20-20-20 do Pacote Clima-Energia da UE, é prova disso. Não há dúvida de que o custo destas políticas pode ser substancialmente reduzido se for feita uma avaliação global das medidas e das opções tecnológicas mais eficientes e com melhor relação custo-eficácia. A avaliação de impacto das políticas desempenha assim um papel importante no apoio à tomada de decisão em matéria energética e climática. São estes o contexto e a motivação para a investigação apresentada nesta tese. A primeira parte da tese, referente à estrutura conceptual, descreve o desenvolvimento do modelo HyBGEM – Hybrid Bottom-up General Equilibrium Model, concebido para Portugal. Trata-se de uma ferramenta de apoio à decisão em matéria de políticas de energia-clima. O HyBGEM é um modelo E3 de equilíbrio geral, com uma estrutura híbrida top-down/bottom-up integrada, multi-setorial e formulado como um problema de complementaridade mista. A segunda parte da tese, referente à análise empírica, apresenta uma avaliação de impacto das políticas de energia-clima para Portugal no quadro dos compromissos assumidos no Pacote Clima-Energia da UE, com base no modelo HyBGEM e em projeções de base previamente construídas. Foram modelados e simulados cinco cenários de política para avaliar os impactos económicos, ambientais e tecnológicos do cumprimento das metas nacionais traçadas para 2020 em matéria de limitação de emissões de carbono e promoção das energias renováveis. Avalia-se também o modo como estes objetivos interagem entre si, quais são as opções de política mais eficientes e custo-eficazes, e em que medida opções alternativas influenciam a magnitude dos impactos. A análise numérica revela que as metas energia-clima 2020 para Portugal podem ser alcançadas sem incorrer em custos de cumprimento significativos. O desafio fundamental que se coloca aos decisores políticos consiste em impulsionar a descarbonização do setor de produção de energia elétrica através de tecnologias de energia renovável. Existe evidência de que os custos de cumprimento da meta de redução de carbono são significativamente mais elevados que os custos de cumprimento da meta de FER-E, sendo que a imposição de restrições às emissões e a subsidiação da produção de eletricidade a partir de fontes de energia renovável (regime de tarifas feed-in) têm um impacto semelhante sobre o total de emissões. Este resultado sugere que a promoção das tecnologias de base renovável no sistema energético nacional é a opção com melhor relação custo-eficácia para a concretização dos objetivos nacionais energia-clima para 2020, instando os decisores políticos a prosseguir com os mecanismos de apoio existentes. A transição para uma economia mais ‘verde’ afigura-se assim fundamental no combate em curso contra as alterações climáticas. A análise revela também que a segmentação do mercado de emissões imposta pelo atual CELE gera custos adicionais substanciais quando comparada com um sistema de direitos de emissão uniforme. O argumento económico de que a sobreposição de regulamentação é contraproducente não é corroborado pelos resultados. A expectativa de um duplo dividendo decorrente das reformas fiscais em matéria ambiental não foi confirmada. Os resultados destacam ainda a importância crítica das distorções de mercado, dos sistemas de reciclagem de receitas e das projeções de base, para a avaliação de impacto das políticas.
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Beneš, Vojtěch. "Mýtný systém v České republice." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-134941.
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The goal of the thesis is to give reader a detailed description of the Czech electronic toll system with emphasis to the potential future system development and infrastructure toll extension. The National Transportation Policy, legislative framework concerning the infrastructure tolling, and particular European toll systems are described in the first part of the thesis. Within the other part of the thesis, the reader is given a simplified cost-profit model of future toll extension efficiency to evaluate the optimal outcome of the toll extension.
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Nelson, Andrew Kelly. "José, Joe, Zé Carioca: Walt Disney's Good Neighbor Colonial "Monument" in Brazil." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2017. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6246.
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Although Walt Disney's early animated feature films were successful, a variety of economic, operational, and external forces required him to continually be on the cutting edge of new ideas and technologies in order for his studio to continue operations. Latin America became the studio's source of inspiration in the early 1940s, sprouting from Walt Disney's involvement with the Office of the Coordinator of Inter-American Affairs. Saludos Amigos and The Three Caballeros were the result. While many critics have decried Disney's involvement in Latin America as being an apparatus of cultural imperialism and economic exploitation, they almost universally give him credit for his pursuit of cultural authenticity within the films. They are, however, sparing in what ways such was done and are reticent in declaring that he fulfilled that quest. As one who was involved politically and economically in the shaping of a nation, with his enterprise benefiting as a result, Walt Disney can in fact be seen as a colonial, imperial power. Within Brazil, José Carioca was the "monument" he erected to that end. Unlike full-fledged colonial figures in earlier centuries, however, his "monument" was overall friendly and was not based on the image of a sovereign leader, but a character that was intended to be seen as native. Where Disney was bound by the interests of the government he represented, and consequentially the Brazilian government, his "monument" was imbued with hues that were inherently skewed toward those entities; however, he worked within those parameters to present a credible image. This thesis seeks to substantiate those ways and how the original monument-like figure Disney erected in the Brazilian public square, the image of José Carioca in Saludos Amigos and The Three Caballeros, led to unity—and not division—as most imperial monuments had done in earlier centuries. A possible explanation as to how Disney's multiple nuanced iterations of the character leads to such critique of the original "monument" will also be provided.
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Holperin, Michelle Moretzsohn. "The institutional pluralism of the state." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/18444.
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What are the logics that public organizations enact in their daily activities? This doctoral dissertation investigated the institutional logics of the State. The institutional logic concept adopted was the one of Friedland and colleagues: institutional logics are 'stable constellations of practice', the necessary coupling of substances and material practices that constitutes the institutions’ organizing principles (Friedland et.al., 2014). The State is understood as one of the central institutions of society, composed by two dimensions. One is the bureaucratic dimension, permeated by different ideas about how things should be done in the State. The other is the capitalist dimension, permeated by different ideas about what should be done,i.e., what should be the role of the State. I have chosen a specific type of public organization to explore the logic of the State: the Brazilian independent regulatory agencies (IRAs). IRAs have diffused widely in the past years, and the literature suggests that they represent the 'appropriate model of governance' of the capitalist economy (Levi-Faur, 2005). They changed both how things were done - emphasizing the state's rule-making instruments - and what should be done - focusing on competition promotion and correcting market failures (Majone, 1994). In Brazil, IRAs were part of a broader process of State Reform, and represented an important innovation in terms of organizational design, based on autonomy, and role to be performed, based on competition promotion. However, the process of IRAs’ diffusion was largely impacted by the local context and despite being idealized as purely regulatory, their policies and activities indicate that they do much more than promoting competition. In fact, state policies in general, and regulatory policies in particular, 'are rooted in changing conceptions of what the state is, what it can and should do' (Friedland & Alford, 1991). To assess the institutional logics of the State, this research investigated over 9,000 press releases published by three formal independent regulatory agencies in Brazil between 2002 and 2016. Those press releases cover all the news they released since their creation. Press releases are frequently used by Brazilian IRAs, and they serve as a good proxy of the policies and activities conducted by these agencies. I applied a correlated topic model (CTM) to extract the main themes discussed by the agencies in the past years. Originating from the study areas of natural language processing and machine learning, topic models are probabilistic models that uncover the semantic structure of a collection of documents, or corpus (Blei, 2012; Blei, Ng & Jordan, 2003). Differently from other content analysis techniques, topic models are purely inductive and conform to the ‘relationality’ of meaning assumption of the institutional logics literature (DiMaggio, Nag & Blei, 2013). The results indicated that the logics enacted by independent agencies do not refer only to procedural correctness (Meyer & Hammerschmid, 2006) or democracy (Ocasio, Mauskapf & Steele, 2015). In fact, much of what they do is grounded on broader substantive values, reflecting developmental-, pro-competition- and social-oriented interpretations of the role of the State. Yet, the bureaucratic logic is very pervasive within IRAs: it permeates substantive logics, but also it stands up as a logic of its own. Regulatory agencies enact it more often when they are not able to perform their substantive mission. IRAs re-frame at their discretion the practices of administrative police (standards setting and inspections) and public participation (procedural fairness) during periods of crisis, in order to justify their actions. By doing so, they were able to legitimate their existence, gain a new sense of mission and avoid blame for their actions.
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Jaroszewski, Cassiane da Rocha. "Os governos estaduais e a política pública de inovação tecnológica: análise a partir do modelo teórico de Hélice Tríplice." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/23987.
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Esta tese de doutoramento se propõe a discutir qual o papel do governo na formulação e implementação da política pública de inovação tecnológica e os novos formatos organizacionais criados pela interação entre universidades, empresas e governo. A partir do referencial teórico da Hélice Tríplice é possível conceber a inovação tecnológica enquanto resultado da interação entre as hélices universidade, empresa e governo. Dessa interação resultam alterações no funcionamento de cada hélice e a criação de organizações híbridas no ponto de interseção trilateral. Foram estabelecidas três categorias empíricas para compreender o papel do governo na política de inovação: 1. Capacidade do governo de constituir-se como um Espaço de Consenso, 2. Análise dos programas estaduais para interação universidade-empresa e 3. Atuação de três tipos de organizações híbridas: Núcleos de Inovação Tecnológica, incubadoras e parques tecnológicos. A pesquisa classifica-se como qualitativa, descritiva, exploratória e de estudo de caso, com as técnicas de pesquisa bibliográfica, documental, observações e entrevistas. As políticas de inovação de três estados foram analisadas em profundidade: Amazonas, Pernambuco e Santa Catarina. O resultado indica que os governos avançaram na inclusão da temática da inovação nas agendas estaduais enquanto tema central para o desenvolvimento econômico e social, mas que esse avanço não se reverteu em maior envolvimento dos órgãos públicos sendo uma agenda quase totalmente conduzida pelas Secretarias Estaduais de Ciência e Tecnologia e Fundações de Amparo à Pesquisa. O governo age como Espaço de Consenso, tendo sua legitimidade para coordenar e implementar ações reconhecida pelos outros stakeholders afetos à temática da inovação, contudo falta clareza quanto a quais são os objetivos e setores prioritários da política. Em relação aos programas de fomento à inovação, os governos adotam estratégias de estímulo ao empreendedorismo como forma de contornar a dificuldade de interação com as empresas existentes. Já os programas para promoção de interação entre universidades e empresas esbarram em barreiras culturais e institucionais que o governo não consegue romper sem mudança de mentalidade dos representantes das outras hélices acerca da relevância dessas parcerias.
This doctoral thesis addresses the role of government in formulating and implementing technological innovation public policy, as well as new organizational formats generated from the interaction between universities, companies and government. According to the Triple Helix theory, technological innovation results from the interaction between helixes represented by universities, companies and government. This interaction causes changes to each helix’s functioning and the creation of hybrid organizations at their trilateral intersection point. Three empirical categories were established to understand the role of government in innovation policy: 1. The government's capacity to establish itself as a Space for Consensus; 2. State programs for university-company interaction; and 3. Performance of three types of hybrid organizations: technology transfer offices, incubators and science and technology parks. This is a qualitative, descriptive, exploratory case study research, using techniques of bibliographic and documentation research, observation and interviews. The innovation policies of three states were the subject of in-depth analysis: Amazonas, Pernambuco and Santa Catarina. The results indicate that while these states have moved forward with including innovation in their public agenda, as key to economic and social development, these advances have not entailed greater involvement of multiple public departments, with the agenda remaining mostly in the hands of the states’ Science and Technology Departments and public Research Support Foundations. The government acts as a Space for Consensus, with its legitimacy to coordinate and implement actions recognized by other stakeholders related to innovation; there remains, however, lack of clarity as to the policy’s goals and priority sectors. In relation to innovation-promoting programs, governments adopt strategies to bolster entrepreneurship as a way of dodging the difficult interaction with existing companies. On the other hand, programs developed to promote interaction between universities and companies face cultural and institutional barriers that the government cannot surpass without a shift in mindset from representatives of other helixes as to the relevance of these partnerships.
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Adoukonou, Olivier Yvon. "Convertible bonds financing : Shareholder wealth effects, Sequential Investments and Call Policies." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016REN1G028/document.
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Cette thèse apporte une lumière sur divers aspects du financement par émission d’obligations convertibles sur le marché ouest européen entre 1994 et 2016. La première étude analyse la réaction du marché à l’annonce d’obligations convertibles en période de crise. Nos résultats montrent une réaction significativement plus négative en période de crise qu’en période normale. L’étude des déterminants de cette réaction indique que les investisseurs intègrent le potentiel des obligations convertibles à réduire les coûts de financement externes. Cependant, la réaction négative du marché est au moins partiellement due à la suspicion d’une possible surévaluation de l’émetteur et cette suspicion est exacerbée en périodes de crise financière. Par ailleurs, nous montrons qu’une part de la réaction négative enregistrée à l’annonce des convertibles est probablement due aux ventes à découvert opérées par les arbitragistes. La deuxième étude de cette thèse teste la théorie du financement séquentiel de Mayers (1998) qui prédit que le recours aux obligations convertibles permet de financer de façon optimale des investissements séquentiels. Nous évaluons l’importance du call émetteur dans la mise en œuvre optimale du financement séquentiel en comparant les activités de financement et d’investissement des firmes ayant rappelées par anticipation leurs obligations convertibles à celles d'entreprises du même secteur les ayant remboursées normalement à leur échéance. Nos résultats indiquent que la clause de rachat anticipé permet aux émetteurs de minimiser les coûts d’émissions et signale une stratégie de financement séquentiel sous sa forme « forte ». De plus, le modèle des doubles différences indique que les firmes ayant rappelées leurs convertibles par anticipation investissent plus que les entreprises les ayant remboursées normalement aux dates de rappel et ce en considérant les effets temporels et autres variables de contrôle. Le dernier chapitre de cette thèse traite de la politique de remboursement anticipé des obligations convertibles. Nous montrons à l’instar des études précédentes que les firmes retardent le rappel de leurs convertibles par rapport au point optimal de rappel préconisé par Ingersoll (1977). L’analyse des différentes théories justifiant le rappel tardif des obligations convertibles débouche sur des résultats cohérents avec l’hypothèse de détresse financière mais rejette celles liées à l’existence de la période de notificationThis thesis focuses on three aspects of convertible bonds financing using a Western European sample between 1994 and 2016. The first study of this thesis is related to the shareholder wealth effects at the announcement of the convertible bonds issuance during financial crises. We find that the market reaction is more negative during crises’ periods compared to that in normal periods. Analysis of the determinant of this reaction indicates that the market recognizes the potential of convertible bonds to reduce agency and adverse selection costs. However, we also find that the signal of overvaluation sent by the issuance mitigates the investors’ optimism about the ability of the convertible bonds to alleviate external financing costs and this bad signal is exacerbated during the financial crises. Furthermore, we find that firms that are short-sale constrained incur less negative market reaction. The second study tests the sequential financing theory of Mayers (1998) which supports that firms issue callable convertible bonds in order to implement optimal sequential financing strategy. We point out in this study the importance of the call provision by comparing the investment and financing activities of Western European firms that early called their convertible bonds to those in the same industry that redeemed their bonds at maturity. We find that the inclusion of such provision allows firms (callable convertible bonds issuers) to better control issuance costs and signals a “strong” sequential financing strategy. We also find that the calling firms invest more than the non-calling firms at the call date and the difference-in-differences model shows that this difference is due to the call decision, after controlling for time fixed effects and other control variables. The last chapter of this thesis addresses the issue of convertible bonds call delay. As previous studies, we find that the companies do not call their bond at the optimum point identified by Ingersoll (1977). Unlike previous researches in the same area, our study considers the main theoretical rationales for convertible bonds call delay. We find strong evidence for the financial distress hypothesis, little evidence for cash flow advantage and signaling theories but no evidence for the notice period justification
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Bittencourt, Lúcio Nagib. "As organizações sociais e as ações governamentais em cultura: ação e política pública no caso do estado de São Paulo." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/11665.
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Esta tese procura compreender como funciona um dos arranjos possíveis para a operacionalização de políticas públicas voltadas para o tema da cultura, o das Organizações Sociais; especificamente, estuda a experiência do Governo do Estado de São Paulo. A partir de revisão da literatura sobre a atuação do governo federal em cultura, das pesquisas produzidas no Brasil em perspectiva comparada com as experiências de outros países neste tema e daquelas voltadas particularmente para a discussão deste arranjo em São Paulo, propõe-se que as políticas públicas para este tema envolvem grande complexidade e ao menos três especificidades. Elas podem ser consideradas, em primeiro lugar, metapolíticas públicas, porque seus próprios processos, e não apenas seus efeitos, são considerados produção cultural; além disso, elas articulam consensos mínimos e soltos quanto ao papel que os governos devem cumprir neste tema, resultando em imprecisão quanto aos seus objetivos, ao mesmo tempo em que há pouco conhecimento disponível sobre o funcionamento e a construção cotidiana deste arranjo em particular. O estudo do caso paulista foi então realizado por meio de 31 entrevistas semiestruturadas realizadas com gestores e técnicos da Secretaria de Estado da Cultura, das Organizações Sociais e com atuantes na Arena da Cultura. Grande multiplicidade foi encontrada: de atores presentes, governamentais e não governamentais; de estruturas envolvidas; de trajetórias pessoais; de descrição de seus fluxos e processos; das ações promovidas; de controvérsias; e das expectativas sobre políticas públicas culturais operacionalizadas. Diante destas características, esta tese sustenta que a noção de ação pública em arenas híbridas oferece grande contribuição para compreender e explicar a operacionalização de políticas públicas em contextos de alta complexidade, como no caso deste arranjo das Organizações Sociais para o tema da cultura. Através dela, torna-se possível reconhecer e conectar as diferentes pessoas, ideias e estruturas envolvidas no cotidiano de seu funcionamento, assim como as várias linguagens de ação pública presentes – sendo a das políticas públicas uma delas – e as incertezas que permeiam as controvérsias sociotécnicas presentes na arena, tornando-a híbrida. Neste contexto, a ampliação do diálogo aparece como alternativa para a construção e aprendizagem de novos caminhos para a prática das ações governamentais em cultura.
The present thesis addresses the operationalization of cultural public policies, focusing on the São Paulo State Government experience with the so-called Social Organizations arrangement. Literature reviews were developed regarding how the Brazilian federal government has acted on this issue so far, about Brazilian studies of cultural policies in a comparative perspective, as well as in relation to the referred specific arrangement now in place for 10 years in the State of São Paulo. Based on those reviews, it is hereby espoused that policies in question are complex and have at least three specificities, i.e., they are metapolicies, since not only their results, but also their processes, are perceived as a cultural project; they connect loose and minimal agreements regarding the role that governments should play in this field, resulting in vagueness about their goals; nonetheless, it is acknowledged the insufficient data available on the actual daily performance of this specific arrangement. In that sense, 31 semi-structured interviews were conducted in the State Department of Culture, with Social Organization managers and technicians, as well as personnel acting on the cultural arena although not directly involved in the arrangement. Great multiplicity was indeed identified: governmental and non-governmental organizations work together; different organizational structures, personal experiences, descriptions about process sequences, actions performed, questions asked, and expectations about the policy they were supposed to operate through this arrangement. Therefore, it is hereby suggested that the notion of public action in hybrid arenas is of utmost relevance for recognition and handling of the complexities involved in public policies operationalization, as in the case of the referred arrangement of Social Organizations regarding the topic of culture. Through this concept, the recognition and connection between different people, ideas and structures involved in its daily functioning becomes possible, as well as in relation to other languages of public actions involved - being the public policies one of them - and the uncertainties which compose the sociotechnical controversies experienced in the arena, becoming hybrid. In this context, dialogue amplification emerges as an alternative for the construction and learning of new routes regarding the practice of cultural governmental actions.
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Tyshchenko, Dmytro. "Evolução da política de vizinhança da União Europeia em relação à Ucrânia, Moldávia e Bielorrússia (2003-2014)." Doctoral thesis, Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/14425.
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Tese de Doutoramento em Ciências Sociais - especialidade de Relações InternacionaisA investigação junta-se à discussão vibrante nas ciências políticas sobre o desenvolvimento da Política Europeia de Vizinhança e da sua dimensão oriental. A política está baseada na abordagem regional da União Europeia. Portanto, a evolução da Parceria Oriental está profundamente dependente de políticas externas dos Estados-Membros e das instituições da UE. A tese também pretende estudar as relações bilaterais entre a UE e a Bielorrússia, a Moldávia e a Ucrânia. A Europa Oriental tem a importância significativa no subcontinente europeu. Nesse sentido, eu estudei ferramentas de influência da União Europeia e da Rússia no “Vizinhança Comum”, os instrumentos do poder brando e duro, também os projetos de integração de Moscovo e a guerra híbrida da Rússia. Além disso, participando na resolução das crises na Ucrânia e na Moldávia, a UE tem vindo a aumentar o seu potencial como ator político global. O desenvolvimento da tese baseia-se na análise dos dados empíricos, juntamente com abordagens teóricas, que são divididos em dois grupos – abordagens nucleares (neoliberalismo, neorrealismo e Normative Power Europe) e uma série de teorias complementares. Portanto, a investigação foi dividido em quatro capítulos, tentando descrever uma conexão e interdependência dessas áreas.
This dissertation joins a vibrant conversation in the political sciences about the development of the European Neighbourhood Policy and its Eastern dimension. The Policy stands on regional approach of the European Union. The evolution of the Eastern Partnership henceforth is profoundly dependent upon foreign policies of the Member States and the EU institutions. The thesis also intends to study the bilateral relations between the EU and Belarus, Moldova and Ukraine. Eastern Europe has а significant importance in the European subcontinent. In this sense, I studied tools of influence of the European Union and Russia in the “Shared Neighbourhood”, the soft and hard power instruments together with the Moscow-led integration projects and the hybrid war of Russia. Moreover, participating in the crisis settlement resolution in Ukraine and Moldova, the EU has been increasing its potential as a global political actor. The development of the proposal model of research is based upon the analysis of the empirical data together with theoretical approaches, which are divided into two groups – nuclear approaches (neo-liberalism, neo-realism and Normative Power Europe) and a range of complementary theories. Therefore, the study was divided into four chapters, trying to describe a connection and interdependence of these areas.
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Aphrasidze, David. "Die Polizei in Georgien : Wandel eines Akteurs." Universität Potsdam, 2004. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/texte_eingeschraenkt_welttrends/2010/4739/.
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During the violent phases of transformation in post-Soviet Georgia the power of the police passed on to paramilitary groups. Under the rule of president Shevardnadze, however, the police regained a central political role, but it remained embedded in Soviet and pre-Soviet political structures. This becomes visible by looking at the political economy of the police. Informal taxes, purchase of office, and clientelism became established practices within the police. At present, the new government tries to carry out structural reforms in the police sector, which might lead to a break with the current hybrid Georgian state model.
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Johnson, Eric K. "Low Loss Hybrid Waveguide Electric Field Sensor Based on Optical D-fiber." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2007. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2153.pdf.
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Schumacher, Katja. "Innovative energy technologies in energy-economy models." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Wirtschaftswissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/15654.
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Die Einführung neuartiger Energietechnologien wird allgemein als der Schlüssel zur Senkung klimaschädlicher Treibhausgase angesehen. Allerdings ist die Abbildung derartiger Technologien in numerischen Modellen zur Simulation und ökonomischen Analyse von energie- und klimaschutzpolitischen Maßnahmen vielfach noch rudimentär. Die Dissertation entwickelt neue Ansätze zur Einbindung von technologischen Innovationen in energie-ökonomische allgemeine Gleichgewichtsmodelle, mit dem Ziel den Energiesektor realitätsnäher abzubilden. Die Dissertation adressiert einige der Hauptkritikpunkte an allgemeinen Gleichgewichtsmodellen zur Analyse von Energie- und Klimapolitik: Die fehlende sektorale und technologische Disaggregation, die beschränkte Darstellung von technologischem Fortschritt, und das Fehlen von einem weiten Spektrum an Treibhausgasminderungsoptionen. Die Dissertation widmet sich zwei Hauptfragen: (1) Wie können technologische Innovationen in allgemeine Gleichgewichtsmodelle eingebettet werden? (2) Welche zusätzlichen und politikrelevanten Informationen lassen sich durch diese methodischen Erweiterungen gewinnen? Die Verwendung eines sogenannten Hybrid-Ansatzes, in dem neuartige Technologien für Stromerzeugung und Eisen- und Stahlherstellung in ein dynamisch multi-sektorales CGE Modell eingebettet werden, zeigt, dass technologiespezifische Effekte von großer Bedeutung sind für die ökonomische Analyse von Klimaschutzmaßnahmen, insbesondere die Effekte hinsichtlich von Technologiewechsel und dadurch bedingten Änderungen der Input- und Emissionsstrukturen. Darüber hinaus zeigt die Dissertation, dass Lerneffekte auf verschiedenen Stufen der Produktionskette abgebildet werden müssen: Für regenerative Energien, zum Beispiel, nicht nur bei der Anwendung von Stromerzeugungsanlagen, sondern ebenso auf der vorgelagerten Produktionsstufe bei der Herstellung dieser Anlagen. Die differenzierte Abbildung von Lerneffekten in Exportsektoren, wie zum Beispiel Windanlagen, verändert die Wirtschaftlichkeit und die Wettbewerbsfähigkeit und hat wichtige Implikationen für die ökonomische Analyse von Klimapolitik.Energy technologies and innovation are considered to play a crucial role in climate change mitigation. Yet, the representation of technologies in energy-economy models, which are used extensively to analyze the economic, energy and environmental impacts of alternative energy and climate policies, is rather limited. This dissertation presents advanced techniques of including technological innovations in energy-economy computable general equilibrium (CGE) models. New methods are explored and applied for improving the realism of energy production and consumption in such top-down models. The dissertation addresses some of the main criticism of general equilibrium models in the field of energy and climate policy analysis: The lack of detailed sectoral and technical disaggregation, the restricted view on innovation and technological change, and the lack of extended greenhouse gas mitigation options. The dissertation reflects on the questions of (1) how to introduce innovation and technological change in a computable general equilibrium model as well as (2) what additional and policy relevant information is gained from using these methodologies. Employing a new hybrid approach of incorporating technology-specific information for electricity generation and iron and steel production in a dynamic multi-sector computable equilibrium model it can be concluded that technology-specific effects are crucial for the economic assessment of climate policy, in particular the effects relating to process shifts and fuel input structure. Additionally, the dissertation shows that learning-by-doing in renewable energy takes place in the renewable electricity sector but is equally important in upstream sectors that produce technologies, i.e. machinery and equipment, for renewable electricity generation. The differentiation of learning effects in export sectors, such as renewable energy technologies, matters for the economic assessment of climate policies because of effects on international competitiveness and economic output.
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Silva, Valtania Ferreira da. "Problema de alocação de viaturas policiais: estudo de caso na cidade de João Pessoa-PB." Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2014. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/5264.
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Previous issue date: 2014-02-24Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
Find emergency public services falls into one of the classic optimization problems where points are available for candidates who are chosen, among them, those that optimize the efficiency criteria established, to find a limited number of facilities. The set of candidate sites have great influence on the final solution generated by a model location . In the research, three strategies were used to elect local candidates to position the cars of police : decision of the Security Manager , p-median model and method of clustering k-means. With the support of Geographical Information Systems (GIS ) it was possible to georeference the occurrences of crimes , to visualize the distribution of selected local candidates and identify the presence of hotspots of crime. Aiming to solve the problem of allocating vehicles adopted two approaches : exact and heuristic . Therefore, two hybrid meta - heuristics were implemented - GRASP combined with VND and GRASP with exact model. They obtained same or very approximate solutions of the optimal solution . It was developed a system of spatial decision support based on the solution of the formulation of the problem of locating facilities with restricted coverage and backup coverage. It is a Web tool built with by WebGIS technology
Localizar serviços públicos emergenciais se enquadra em um dos problemas clássicos de otimização onde pontos candidatos são disponibilizados para que sejam escolhidos, dentre eles, aqueles que otimizem o critério de eficiência estabelecido, visando localizar um número limitado de facilidades. O conjunto de locais candidatos tem grande influência sobre a solução final gerada por um modelo de localização. Na pesquisa, foram definidas três estratégias para eleger os locais candidatos ao posicionamento de viaturas policiais: decisão do gestor de segurança, modelo de Pmedianas e método de clusterização k-means. Com apoio de Sistemas de Informação Geográfica (SIG) foi possível georreferenciar as ocorrências de crimes, visualizar a distribuição dos locais candidatos selecionados e identificar a presença de hotspots de crimes. Visando resolver o problema de alocação de viaturas adotou-se duas abordagens: exata e heurística. Para tanto, duas meta-heurísticas híbridas foram implementadas - GRASP combinado com VND e GRASP com modelo exato, as quais obtiveram soluções iguais ou muito aproximadas da solução ótima. Foi desenvolvido um sistema de apoio a decisão espacial baseado na solução da formulação do problema de localização de facilidades com restrições de cobertura e cobertura backup. Trata-se de uma ferramenta WEB construída com base os padrões usados pela tecnologia WebGIS
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Vilches, Mendoza Emma Paola. "Tratamiento de la información sobre hechos policiales, homicidio e intento de feminicidio, en programas de entretenimiento de la televisión peruana de señal abierta. Análisis de los casos Camilita en el programa Válgame emitido en marzo de 2020 por Latina, Angie Jibaja en Magaly Tv La Firme en ATV en marzo de 2020 y Thomas Restobar en La Banda del Chino en América TV en agosto de 2020." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/653931.
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Este trabajo de investigación muestra cómo afectan los distintos criterios aplicados en los programas de carácter híbrido, que son una mezcla de los programas periodísticos y de entretenimiento, en la televisión peruana de señal abierta para incluir dentro de sus temas aquellos de carácter policial. Los elementos estudiados para el análisis son la estructura de estos, el rol de los conductores y panelistas, los recursos periodísticos, el lenguaje utilizado y los recursos televisivos. Los casos a estudiar fueron “Camilita” en el programa Válgame emitido en Latina en marzo de 2020, “Angie Jibaja” en Magaly Tv La Firme en ATV en marzo de 2020 y “Thomas Restobar” en La Banda del Chino en América TV en agosto de 2020. A través de la observación y la aplicación de los conceptos se logró concluir que aquellos elementos, en algunos casos, sí afectan al desarrollo de los programas al tocar temas de carácter policial.This research work shows how the different criteria applied in hybrid programs, which are a mixture of journalistic and entertainment programs, affect Peruvian open signal television to include those of a police nature within its topics. The elements studied for the analysis are their structure, the role of the hosts and panelists, the journalistic resources, the language used and the television resources. The cases to be studied were “Camilita” on the Válgame program broadcast in Latin America in March 2020, “Angie Jibaja” on Magaly Tv La Firme on ATV in March 2020 and “Thomas Restobar” on La Banda del Chino on América TV in August 2020. Through the observation and application of the concepts, it was possible to conclude that those elements, in some cases, do affect the development of programs by touching on police issues.
Trabajo de investigación
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Desveaux, Gentiane. "Démarches paysagères participatives : hybrider les logiques paysagères et territoriales pour appuyer la territorialisation : une enquête pragmatique sur les transformations institutionnelles et sociales dans les Parcs Naturels Régionaux de Rhône-Alpes." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAH012.
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Cette thèse porte sur l’innovation paysagère dans et par les Parcs naturels régionaux (PNR) de la région Rhône-Alpes. Le paysage y est considéré comme une matérialité en projet, négocié dans des processus d’interactions entre des individus pris dans des logiques d’action distinctes. Nous démontrons comment les chargés de mission des PNR inventent à partir de démarches participatives paysagères une manière originale d’hybrider deux des formes que prennent ces régimes d’action : la logique territoriale et la logique paysagère. Ce processus contribuerait à favoriser la territorialisation des nouvelles Communautés de communes. L’originalité de cette thèse repose sur la posture pragmatique qui y est adoptée : les démarches paysagères participatives sont analysées au cours même de leur expérimentation : elles prennent la forme d’une enquête telle que la définit John Dewey, transformatrice des mondes en même temps qu’elle transforme leurs enquêteursThis thesis deals with landscape innovation within and by the Regional Natural Parks in the Rhône-Alpes region (France). Landscape is captured as a materiality under construction negotiated along interaction processes between individuals engaged in distinct action logics. The research underlines how Regional Natural Parks’ staff invent imaginative ways to hybridize two of these action regimes (a territorial logic and a landscape one) using participatory landscape procedures. This dynamic tends to favor the territorial anchorage of the new groupings of municipalities. The originality of the thesis emerges from the adopted pragmatic posture: participatory landscape procedures are analyzed along with their own experimentation. They take on the form of an inquiry as defined by Jown Dewey, transforming worlds as well as investigators at the same time
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Kvavle, Joshua Monroe. "A System Level Approach to D-Fiber Electric Field Sensing." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2009. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd3155.pdf.
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"National Tax Policy, the Directives and Hybrid Finance." SFB International Tax Coordination, 2006. http://epub.wu-wien.ac.at/dyn/dl/wp/epub-wu-01_ae7.
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Yu-RenYang and 楊淯任. "An Online Allocation Policy for Hybrid Scratch-pad Memory." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/447stf.
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碩士國立成功大學
資訊工程學系碩博士班
101
Scratch Pad Memory (SPM), a software-controlled on-chip memory, has been increasingly used in embedded system due to their higher energy and area efficiency compared to ordinary caches. In order to increase SPM capacity in same memory area, some research combine Non-Volatile Memory (NVM) with SRAM as hybrid SPM to take advantage of the high density of NVM to increase SPM capacity.. However, write operation in NVM consumes more energy than in SRAM. In order to reduce write operation in NVM, these works design allocation policy to efficient utilized Hybrid SPM but that don’t consider runtime data access behavior to allocation data. However, without considering runtime data access behavior, the above allocation policy can result in inefficient SPM utilization. For example, a data object may be regarded as a frequently-accessed object according to profiling, but may be accessed rarely during the runtime when input values change during runtime. Therefore, allocation policy considers runtime data access behavior for hybrid SPM allocation are proposed to improve the efficiency of hybrid SPM utilization. In this paper, we propose a novel online allocation policy for hybrid SPM, which uses write-read behaviors of data to determine data allocation in hybrid scratch-pad memory architecture. This policy can keep write-intensive data in SRAM and read-intensive data in NVM. The novel online hybrid SPM allocation policy can reduce energy delay product by 37% on average compared with a pure SRAM based SPM with online allocation policy.
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Chang, Chiu-Ping, and 張秋萍. "A Hybrid Load Balancing Policy underlying Grid Computing Environment." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/bh9rye.
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碩士朝陽科技大學
資訊管理系碩士班
94
The advancement of technology and popularization of network has gradually transformed Grid computing as a mainstream of distributed system. Grid computing integrates idle computing resources available on the network into formidable computing power to facilitate distributed applications. Thus, not only abundant computing resources can be provided to solve problems too complicated for single machine to handle but that efficient integration and sharing of resources can be achieved. However, resources used in Grid computing are mined from accessible idle nodes, and the accessibility of a node varies with time. Namely, a node found idle currently may become occupied in the very next second and unavailable to provide resources. Thus, the selection of nodes that can provide effective and sufficient resource over a long period of time for load assignment is an issue worth in-depth investigation. This study proposed a hybrid load balancing policy to integrate static and dynamic load balancing technologies. First, static load balancing policy was applied to select effective and suitable node sets to lower the probability of unbalanced load caused by assigning tasks to ineffective nodes. When a node reveals possible inability to continue providing resources, dynamic load balancing policy should be activated to determine whether the node in question is ineffective; a new node would be sought out for replacement in a short time, so as to maintain execution performance of the system.
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Su, Ping-Hsun, and 蘇品熏. "A Hybrid High-occupancy Regulation Policy for Highway Congested Sections." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/6mp4mz.
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碩士國立東華大學
運籌管理研究所
100
Most of countries have a common problem, traffic congestion. It usually occurs during peak traffic hours, holiday seasons and is hard to avoid. The Government has established policies like Ramp Metering System, High-Occupancy Vehicle Lane, HOV and differential pricing to aid in solving the problem. Further, Taiwanese government have begun construction plans of “National Freeway No.1- Wugu to Yangmei” to increase the traffic capacity between Wugu and Yangmei. Recently, western countries have implemented policies such as (High-Occupancy Vehicle Lane, HOV) and (High-Occupancy Toll Lane, HOT). The concept of HOV is to transfer the remaining capacity to the LOVs. This research has used Nested Logit model to simulate different conditions in each policy. We have simulated HOV and HOT policies to focus on traffic volume, the percentage of occupancy and original-destination distribution. In our case, customers’ choice behavior is based on the minimal cost principal and is implemented according to minimal society cost policy. Based on our result, we find that the Three-occupancy-plus (3+) is not applicable in this network. However, on the other hand with the Two-occupancy-plus (2+) policy, road users would accept the condition which is to pay the toll fee of $NTD 10, this also increases the chances of utilizing HOT policy with optimal carpooling cost between $NTD 25 and $NTD 40.
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Chang, Chao-tsung, and 張朝宗. "A Hybrid Caching Policy for Data Dissemination in Mobile Computing Environments." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/38758974299270503759.
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碩士國立臺灣科技大學
資訊管理系
93
With data broadcasting approach a broadcast server can serve many mobile clients simultaneously. Therefore, data broadcasting is usually adopted for disseminating data in mobile computing environments. In the data broadcasting approach, selective tuning is widely used to reduce energy consumption and caching is used to reduce both energy consumption and access time. The existing caching policies only consider caching either data items or indices. However, it would be beneficial to cache both of them. In this paper, we propose a hybrid caching policy which considers caching both the data items and the indices. In the hybrid cache policy, we use a profit function to measure the value of keeping an item (a data or an index) in the cache. When the cache is full, the item with the lowest value will be dropped from the cache. The profit function considers the following three factors: (1) access probability of an item, (2) how much energy and waiting time can be saved by using the cached item and (3) the update frequency of the data items in the server. The proposed hybrid cache policy can determine the optimal proportion of data items to indices in the cache according to the update frequency of the data items in the server. According to our experiments, the hybrid policy outperforms those policies that caching only data items or indices.
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Lai, Wang-jun, and 賴王駿. "The Implementation and Evaluation of LRU/LFU Hybrid Cache Replacement Policy." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/40821410843957964012.
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碩士逢甲大學
資訊工程所
94
In recent years, the research on reducing computer’s power consumption has become an important issue. Particularly, the hard disk power consumption is the barrier to reduce system power consumption. Nowadays, more and more portable devices have been applied in our life, and the functionality of such devices have continuously increased. This will result in the bigger-size storage needed. In order to extend portable devices’ battery working time, we have observed the embedded system memory access pattern and find that not only one access pattern type could be used in a system. Therefore, we proposed a hybrid cache replacement approach combining LRU (least recently used) and LFU (least frequently used) policies in a memory system. This hybrid cache replacement policy can hold both the most recently used page and the most frequently used page in the memory system. In this thesis, we will analyze the performance and cache hit ratio in the different workload. And, four types of workload: 1.TPC-C、2.Zipf-like、3.IOzone、4.Mpeg player is used to improve the hybrid cache replacement can increasing the cache hit ratio
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Chien-LunLo and 羅健倫. "AMLP: Adaptive Memory-to-LLC Placement Policy for Hybrid Last-Level Cache." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/84p4uq.
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Weng, Chia-Chun, and 翁嘉君. "Hybrid Intuitionictic Fuzzy Sets and GERT Approach for Optimal Reliability Maintenance Policy Evaluation." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/18862352000263648004.
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碩士國防大學管理學院
運籌管理學系
99
More and more new subjects about the maintenance decision research come forth because of the complexity of equipment. Deterioration of equipments is inevitable after they put in operation, and the damage is difficult to estimate in consequence of unexpected failure. Therefore, it is an important issue to develop a maintenance strategy that can keep equipments reliability without going over the budget. In the past research, scholars developed in various of preventive maintenance such as mathematical programming approach, time integrated, and expert judgment system et al. But most results are potentially inaccurate due to the lack of incomplete date. In addition, it showed inefficient for large-scale problems in terms of computation efforts. GERT (Graphical Evaluation and Review Technique, is abbreviated as GERT) which has unique circuit form and probability characteristic, can solve the more complicated circuit problem and has accurate analysis functions. But GERT which every parameter values on each operation route have uncertainty. There are apparent achievements on dealing with uncertainly in the IFSs (Intuitionictic Fuzzy Sets, is abbreviated as IFSs) theory. Because it is better to represent the values of the membership and non-membership of an element in a set by intervals of possible real numbers instead of real numbers. Therefore, this paper will hybrid IFSs and GERT approaches to develop a reliability model which can provide more specific and diversified information for decision makers to develop the optimal maintenance which determines how long each equipment which be maintained by what method.
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Tseng, Po-Kai, and 曾柏凱. "Sensitivity Analysis on Optimal Call Admission Control Policy Using Hybrid Handoffs in Mobile Network." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/58793521443726327831.
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碩士國立中正大學
應用數學研究所
93
In this paper, we formulate a Semi-Markov Decision Problem (SMDP) as a Linear Programming (LP) problem and solve the LP problem by simplex method for obtaining the optimal call admission control (CAC) policy. Moreover, we join hybrid handoff calls(i.e. hard and soft handoff call) and new call in system so that each state contains the three kinds of calls in the system and each call chooses an action: rejection or acceptation. The optimal call admission control policy will be displayed by MATLAB and the variation of the maximal utilization of the system with different arrival and service rates is appeared in numerical results.
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Shun-MingSyu and 許順明. "High-Endurance Hybrid Cache Design in CMP Architecture with Cache Partitioning and Access-Aware Policy." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/06591506447248695765.
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碩士國立成功大學
資訊工程學系碩博士班
101
Abstract—In recent years, NVM (non-volatile memory) technologies, such as STT-RAM (spin transfer torque RAM) and PRAM (phase change RAM), have drawn a lot of attention due to their low leakage and high density. However, both NVMs suffer from high write latency and limited endurance problems. To mitigate the write pressure on NVM, many SRAM/NVM hybrid cache designs have been proposed with write management policies. Unfortunately, existing hybrid cache design does not consider the unbalanced workload of each core in CMP (chip multi-processors) architecture, resulting in unbalanced wear-out of hybrid cache. This paper considers the unbalanced write distribution of hybrid cache for CMP architecture, and a novel hybrid cache design that includes SRAM cache, STT-RAM cache, and STT-RAM/SRAM hybrid cache banks is proposed. Based on the proposed hybrid cache design, two access-aware policies are proposed to mitigate unbalanced wear-out of STT-RAM region, and a wearout-aware dynamic cache partitioning scheme is proposed to dynamically partition the hybrid cache, improving the unbalanced write pressure among different cache partitions. Experimental results show that, our proposed scheme and policies can achieve an average of 89 times improvement in cache lifetime and are able to save 58% energy consumption compared to SRAM cache.
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Hsieh, Cheng-Lin, and 謝成林. "Speed up Video Detection using Machine Learning Based Policy Network to Hybrid Image Detection Network." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/69gx4c.
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碩士國立交通大學
資訊科學與工程研究所
106
In recent years, the neural-network method has greatly approved computer system’s image detecting precision. Which can apply to many applications, including face recognition system, video surveillance system, driverless car's visual system, etc. The neural-network based image recognition method have such potential power on many field. However, most of them need more computation resources to accomplish this such task, which may not be suitable for embedded device to accomplish it with real-time application due to it’s limited computation ability. To better improve the circumstance, I try to train the machine learning based policy network to better hybrid two kind of neural-network model, a model has higher detecting precision with lower detecting speed and another model has higher detecting speed with lower detecting precision. In order to speed up the video detection’s speed and maintain the detecting precision on the embedded board.
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Liang, Kai Tse, and 梁凱澤. "Thermal-aware Dynamic Page Allocation Policy Considering Future Access Patterns for Hybrid Memory Cube (HMC)." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/42112995105675746617.
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碩士國立清華大學
資訊工程學系
104
Three-dimensional (3-D) memory stacking like Hybrid Memory Cube (HMC) can resolve memory bandwidth challenges for multi-core system where stacked multiple DRAM dies are connected by Through Silicon Vias (TSVs). However, high power density due to the high in- tegration incurs temperature related problems in reliability, performance, and system cooling cost. In addition to thermal issues, in multi-core system, memory interference between pro- cesses may degrade system performance. In order to achieve better performance, we propose a dynamic page allocation policy considering access frequency of pages, physical locations of DRAM dies, thermal impacts, bandwidth variation of each process, and memory interference among processes. We also propose an analytical model to estimate the system performance considering the above factors. Experimental results show that our proposed memory mapping policy can outperform MCP [1] 12.7% on average. The average error rate of our analytical model is only 0.86%.