Journal articles: 'Hybrid Analog-Digital Transceivers'

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Mohammed S. Khalaf, Aeizaal Azman Abdul Wahab, and Nur Qamarina Muhammad Adnan. "Review and Analysis of Beamforming's Power Allocation Studies for (5G) Networks." Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Sciences and Engineering Technology 32, no. 1 (August 19, 2023): 188–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/araset.32.1.188209.

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The necessity to investigate viable spectrum areas for satisfying the anticipated needs has been prompted by the rising cellular data traffic demands. As a result, the scientific community has given (mmWave) communication a lot of attention. In (5G) wireless networks, massive (mmWave MIMO) communications are often accomplished using hybrid transceivers that combine lower and higher as a digital and analog processing units phase shifters and power amplifiers respectfully. This hybrid beamforming (HB) architecture lowers costs and power use, which is consistent with the (5G) network's objective for (EE) of design. In this work, using system models of hybrid transceiver architectures, both digital (DB) and analog (AB) beamforming arrays with possibilities for antenna design, and hybrid beamforming (HB) in heterogeneous wireless networks, they trace the development of (HB) for massive MIMO connections. Authors widen in discussion by focusing on hybrid beamforming to solve resource management issue and examine the applicability of hybrid beamforming (HB) techniques while also highlighting the fascinating difficulties that lie ahead for this field. The main aim of this work is to analyse the many studies and show the advantages and weak points of each single study based on the general and famous parameters as well as explaining the efficiency of all studies. We got an overview of the hybrid beamforming, which covers topics such as application areas; In order to reduce upfront costs and continuing operating costs, the fully-connected architecture can achieve full beamforming gain per RF chain, but at the expense of increased hardware complexity. On the other hand, the low-complexity sub-connected architecture offers reduced beamforming gain.

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Li, Ruihan, Lou Zhao, Chunshan Liu, and Meihua Bi. "Strongest Angle-of-Arrival Estimation for Hybrid Millimeter Wave Architecture with 1-Bit A/D Equipped at Transceivers." Sensors 22, no. 9 (April 20, 2022): 3140. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22093140.

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This paper proposes an effective strongest angles of arrival (AoAs) estimation algorithm for a hybrid millimeter wave (mmWave) communication system with 1-bit analog-to-digital/digital-to-analog converters (A/Ds) equipped at transceivers. The proposed algorithm aims to reduce the required number of estimation overheads, while maintaining the root mean square error (RMSE) of strongest AoA estimates at the base station. We obtain the quantization thresholds of A/Ds for different signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) and numbers of antennas via numerical simulations, based on which, the strongest AoAs can be estimated with a small amount of overheads. The proposed algorithm is compared with conventional schemes including 1-bit FFT and 1-bit exhaustive search, as well as 1-bit Cramér-Rao lower bound. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of our proposed algorithm in terms of reducing estimation overheads while maintaining reasonable estimation performance in low SNRs.

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Marsic, Vlad, Tazdin Amietszajew, Petar Igic, Soroush Faramehr, and Joe Fleming. "DC Power Line Communication (PLC) on 868 MHz and 2.4 GHz Wired RF Transceivers." Sensors 22, no. 5 (March 5, 2022): 2043. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22052043.

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Efficient management through monitoring of Li-ion batteries is critical to the progress of electro-mobility and energy storage globally, since the technology can be hazardous if pushed beyond its safety boundaries. Battery management systems (BMSs) are being actively improved to reduce size, weight, and cost while increasing their capabilities. Using power line communication, wireless monitoring, or hybrid data links are one of the most advanced research directions today. In this work, we propose the use of radio frequency (RF) transceivers as a communication unit that can deliver both wired and wireless services, through their superior analog and digital signal processing capability compared to PLC technology. To validate our approach computational simulation and empirical evaluation was conducted to examine the possibility of using RF transceivers on a direct current (DC) bus for wired BMS. A key advantage of this study is that it proposes a flexible and tested system for communication across a variety of network scenarios, where wireless data links over disrupted connections may be enabled by using this technology in short-range wired modes. This investigation demonstrates that the IEEE 802.15.4-compliant transceivers with operating frequencies of 868 MHz and 2.4 GHz can establish stable data links on a DC bus via capacitive coupling at high data rates.

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Tsinos, Christos G., Sina Maleki, Symeon Chatzinotas, and Bjorn Ottersten. "On the Energy-Efficiency of Hybrid Analog–Digital Transceivers for Single- and Multi-Carrier Large Antenna Array Systems." IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications 35, no. 9 (September 2017): 1980–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2017.2720918.

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Sai Subramanyam Thoota, Dolores Garcia Marti, �zlem Tugfe Demir, Rakesh Mundlamuri, Joan Palacios, Cenk M. Yetis, Christo Kurisummoottil Thomas, et al. "Site-specific millimeter-wave compressive channel estimation algorithms with hybrid MIMO architectures." ITU Journal on Future and Evolving Technologies 2, no. 4 (July 14, 2021): 9–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.52953/oeeg5719.

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In this paper, we present and compare three novel model-cum-data-driven channel estimation procedures in a millimeter-wave Multi-Input Multi-Output (MIMO) Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) wireless communication system. The transceivers employ a hybrid analog-digital architecture. We adapt techniques from a wide range of signal processing methods, such as detection and estimation theories, compressed sensing, and Bayesian inference, to learn the unknown virtual beamspace domain dictionary, as well as the delay-and-beamspace sparse channel. We train the model-based algorithms with a site-specific training dataset generated using a realistic ray tracing-based wireless channel simulation tool. We assess the performance of the proposed channel estimation algorithms with the same site's test data. We benchmark the performance of our novel procedures in terms of normalized mean squared error against an existing fast greedy method and empirically show that model-based approaches combined with data-driven customization unanimously outperform the state-of-the-art techniques by a large margin. The proposed algorithms were selected as the top three solutions in the "ML5G-PHY Channel Estimation Global Challenge 2020" organized by the International Telecommunication Union.

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Liu, Heng, Shuai Wang, Xin Zhao, Shiqi Gong, Nan Zhao, and Tony Q. S. Quek. "Analog–Digital Hybrid Transceiver Optimization for Data Aggregation in IoT Networks." IEEE Internet of Things Journal 7, no. 11 (November 2020): 11262–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2020.2996744.

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Wang, Ruhao, Peng Gao, Jiarui Liu, Zhiyu Wang, Chenge Wang, and Faxin Yu. "A Hybrid Scheme for TX I/Q Imbalance Self-Calibration in a Direct-Conversion Transceiver." Electronics 13, no. 9 (April 25, 2024): 1653. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics13091653.

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A generic transmitter (TX) I/Q imbalance self-calibration method, which was designed based on a hybrid analog and digital structure, is proposed in this paper. The whole calibration scheme was implemented using low-complexity digital–analog circuits based on a zero-force feedback loop. In order to eliminate the negative effect of local oscillator (LO) harmonics on the calibration, we used a variable-delay line (VDL) in the analog domain instead of the digital phase compensator. The prototype chip was fabricated within a 0.2∼5.0 GHz direct-conversion transmitter in a 65 nm CMOS process, and measurements found an image rejection ratio (IRR) of 65 dBc.

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Sivaganesan S, Maria Antony S, and Udayakumar E. "An Event-Based Neural Network Architecture with Content Addressable Memory." International Journal of Embedded and Real-Time Communication Systems 11, no. 1 (January 2020): 23–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijertcs.2020010102.

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A hybrid analog/digital very large-scale integration (VLSI) implementation of a spiking neural network with programmable synaptic weights was designed. The synaptic weight values are stored in an asynchronous module, which is interfaced to a fast current-mode event-driven DAC for producing synaptic currents with the appropriate amplitude values. It acts as a transceiver, receiving asynchronous events for input, performing neural computations with hybrid analog/digital circuits on the input spikes, and eventually producing digital asynchronous events in output. Input, output, and synaptic weight values are transmitted to/from the chip using a common communication protocol based on the address event representation (AER). Using this representation, it is possible to interface the device to a workstation or a microcontroller and explore the effect of different types of spike-timing dependent plasticity (STDP) learning algorithms for updating the synaptic weights values in the CAM module.

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Zhao, Ming-Min, Yunlong Cai, Min-Jian Zhao, Ying Xu, and Lajos Hanzo. "Robust Joint Hybrid Analog-Digital Transceiver Design for Full-Duplex mmWave Multicell Systems." IEEE Transactions on Communications 68, no. 8 (August 2020): 4788–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2020.2990723.

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Tsinos, Christos G., Symeon Chatzinotas, and Bjorn Ottersten. "Hybrid Analog-Digital Transceiver Designs for Multi-User MIMO mmWave Cognitive Radio Systems." IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking 6, no. 1 (March 2020): 310–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tccn.2019.2933423.

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B. R., Jyothi, and Manjanaik Naganaik. "A decentralized HC-ADMM approach for large antenna arrays." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 34, no. 2 (May 1, 2024): 795. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v34.i2.pp795-805.

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This work addresses the evolving landscape of internet of things (IoT) applications and large antenna array systems, where optimizing spectral efficiency and simplifying design complexities are crucial. Focusing on two key challenges, the study introduces a novel hybrid analog-digital transceiver strategy tailored for frequency-selective channels. By integrating Shannon and Hartley theorems, the approach enhances data transfer rates, thereby optimizing radio frequency (RF) chain utilization in large-scale antennas. To achieve a balance between transceiver performance and hardware complexity, the study employs a decentralized alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) framework. The proposed hybrid consensus ADMM algorithm (HC-ADMM) ensures efficient convergence in decentralized optimization scenarios. Comparative analyses with ADMM and existing system transceiver optimization (ESTO) models highlight HC-ADMM's superior performance across key metrics such as spectral efficiency, efficiency per cell, total efficiency, and optimal scheduling of user equipment (UEs). Particularly notable is HC-ADMM's advanced optimization capabilities as the number of transmit antennas increases, positioning it as a promising approach for enhancing overall communication network performance.

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Franco-Martínez, Miguel, Francisco-Javier Martínez-Alonso, and Roberto López-Valcarce. "Solving Self-Interference Issues in a Full-Duplex Radio Transceiver." Proceedings 21, no. 1 (August 1, 2019): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2019021035.

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Most wireless devices transmit and receive at different spectrum frequency bands. This approach is no longer optimal due to increasing electromagnetic exhaustion. Besides, interferenceamong all present and future working services should be negligible. A full-duplex scheme using the same band for simultaneous uplink and downlink is a huge step towards solving this issue. However, sharing the same frequency band involves a large interference of transmitted signal over received signal. To fix this problem, we propose the usage of a hybrid multistage cancellation system,consisting of an analog cancellation setup at RF frequencies and a baseband digital cancellation stage.

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Zhang, Ruoqiao, Jianyi Zhou, Ji Lan, Binqi Yang, and Zhiqiang Yu. "A High-Precision Hybrid Analog and Digital Beamforming Transceiver System for 5G Millimeter-Wave Communication." IEEE Access 7 (2019): 83012–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2923836.

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Kanta, Konstantina, Panagiotis Toumasis, Kostas Tokas, Ioannis Stratakos, Elissaios Alexis Papatheofanous, Giannis Giannoulis, Ioanna Mesogiti, et al. "Demonstration of a Hybrid Analog–Digital Transport System Architecture for 5G and Beyond Networks." Applied Sciences 12, no. 4 (February 17, 2022): 2122. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12042122.

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In future mobile networks, the evolution of optical transport architectures enabling the flexible, scalable interconnection of Baseband Units (BBUs) and Radio Units (RUs) with heterogeneous interfaces is a significant issue. In this paper, we propose a multi-technology hybrid transport architecture that comprises both analog and digital-Radio over Fiber (RoF) mobile network segments relying on a dynamically reconfigurable optical switching node. As a step forward, the integration of the discussed network layout into an existing mobile infrastructure is demonstrated, enabling the support of real-world services through both standard digital and Analog–Intermediate- Frequency over Fiber (A-IFoF)-based converged fiber–wireless paths. Emphasis has been placed on the implementation of a real-time A-IFoF transceiver that is employed through a single embedded fully programmable gateway array (FPGA)-based platform that serves as an Ethernet to Intermediate Frequency (IF) bridge for the transmission of legacy traffic over the analog network segment. The experimental evaluation of the proposed concept was based on the dynamic optical routing of the legacy Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI), 1.5 GBaud analog-intermediate frequency-over-fiber (A-IFoF)/mmWave and 10 Gbps binary optical waveforms, showing acceptable error vector magnitude (EVM) values for the complex radio waveforms and error-free operation for binary optical streams, with Bit Error Rate (BER) values less than 10−9. Finally, the end-to-end proof-of-concept demonstration of the proposed solution was achieved through the delivery of 4K video streaming and Internet Protocol (IP) calls over a mobile core network.

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Srinivasa Rao Reddi. "Alternating Optimization Algorithms for Hybrid beamforming in mm wave MIMO systems." Journal of Electrical Systems 20, no. 6s (May 2, 2024): 2747–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.52783/jes.3283.

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Millimeter wave (mmWave) interchanges has been viewed as a critical empowering innovation for 5G organizations, as it offers significant degrees more noteworthy range than current cell groups. As opposed to traditional various info numerous output (MIMO) frameworks, precoding in mmWave MIMO unable to performed completely at baseband utilizing computerized precoders, as just a predetermined no. of sign blenders and Analog to-digital converters (ADCs) can be upheld thinking about their expense and power utilization. Hybrid precoding transceiver design, joining a digital precoder and analog precoder, has as of late gotten impressive consideration. Nonetheless, the ideal plan of such half breed precoders has not been completely perceived. In this paper, treating the hybrid precoder plan as a lattice factorization issue, alternating minimization (AltMin) calculations will be proposed for two different half and half precoding structures, i.e., the completely associated what's more, somewhat associated structures. Specifically, for the fully connected structure, an AltMin calculation in view of complex advancement is proposed to move toward the exhibition of the completely computerized precoder, which, notwithstanding, has a high intricacy. Subsequently, a low-intricacy AltMin calculation is then proposed, by implementing a symmetrical limitation on the computerized precoder. Besides, for the to some degree associated structure, an AltMin calculation. Be that as it may, the ideal plan of is additionally evolved with the assistance of semidefinite unwinding. For commonsense execution, the proposed AltMin algorithms are additionally stretched out to the broadband setting with symmetrical recurrence division multiplexing (OFDM) adjustment. Recreation results will show critical execution gains of the proposed AltMin calculations over existing half breed precoding calculations. In addition, in light of the proposed calculations, recreation correlations between the two mixture precoding designs will give significant plan experiences.

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Osama, Islam, Mohamed Rihan, Mohamed Elhefnawy, Sami Eldolil, and Hend Abd El-Azem Malhat. "A review on Precoding Techniques For mm-Wave Massive MIMO Wireless Systems." International Journal of Communication Networks and Information Security (IJCNIS) 14, no. 1 (April 15, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/ijcnis.v14i1.5206.

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The growing demands for high data rate wireless connectivity shed lights on the fact that appropriate spectrum regions need to be investigated so that the expected future needs will be satisfied. With this in mind, the research community has shown considerable interest in millimeter-wave (mm-wave) communication. Generally, hybrid transceivers combining the analog phase shifter and the RF chains with digital signal processing (DSP) systems are used for MIMO communication in the fifth generation (5G) wireless networks. This paper presents a survey for different precoding or beamforming techniques that have been proposed in the literature. These beamforming techniques are mainly classified based on their hardware structure into analog and digital beamforming. To reduce the hardware complexity and power consumption, the hybrid precoding techniques that combine analog and digital beamforming can be implemented for mm-wave massive MIMO wireless systems. The performance of the most common hybrid precoding algorithms has been investigated in this paper.

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Makhsuci, Saeedeh, Leila Sharara, Mihai Sanduleanu, and Mohammed Ismail. "Advanced Phased Array Transceivers for Enabling Next-Generation 5G Communication Networks." Journal of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, September 12, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37256/jeee.2220233485.

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This article presents advancements and key considerations in the design implementation of phased array transceivers for the fifth-generation (5G) communication networks. It emphasizes the significance of careful consideration and system-level optimization to realize the full potential of phased array transceivers. The focus is on antenna elements and beamforming techniques with a detailed discussion on different types of beamforming techniques used in wireless communication systems. These include analog, digital, and hybrid beamforming. The article starts by introducing the concept of a phase shifter, which is a crucial component in controlling the phase of the transmitted signal. It then proceeds to discuss the role of a variable gain amplifier in amplifying the signal received by each antenna element of the array, followed by emphasizing the importance of a Low-Noise Amplifier (LNA) in transceiver design to amplify weak signals with minimal noise. In addition, this article provides a detailed discussion on the mixer, which is used to downconvert or upconvert the frequency of the received signal to a more appropriate frequency for further processing or transmission. Finally, the power amplifier (PA), which is used to boost signal power in 5G networks, is also discussed in detail.

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Gong, Shiqi, Heng Liu, Hui Dai, Xin Zhao, and Chengwen Xing. "Hybrid Analog-Digital Transceiver Design for RIS-assisted mmWave MIMO Communications." IEEE Wireless Communications Letters, 2022, 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2022.3212039.

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Zhuang, Zhihong, Ling Xu, Jiayu Li, Jinsong Hu, Linlin Sun, Feng Shu, and Jiangzhou Wang. "Machine-learning-based high-resolution DOA measurement and robust directional modulation for hybrid analog-digital massive MIMO transceiver." Science China Information Sciences 63, no. 8 (July 15, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11432-019-2921-x.

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Park, Jongkil, Sohmyung Ha, Theodore Yu, Emre Neftci, and Gert Cauwenberghs. "A 22-pJ/spike 73-Mspikes/s 130k-compartment neural array transceiver with conductance-based synaptic and membrane dynamics." Frontiers in Neuroscience 17 (August 28, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2023.1198306.

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Neuromorphic cognitive computing offers a bio-inspired means to approach the natural intelligence of biological neural systems in silicon integrated circuits. Typically, such circuits either reproduce biophysical neuronal dynamics in great detail as tools for computational neuroscience, or abstract away the biology by simplifying the functional forms of neural computation in large-scale systems for machine intelligence with high integration density and energy efficiency. Here we report a hybrid which offers biophysical realism in the emulation of multi-compartmental neuronal network dynamics at very large scale with high implementation efficiency, and yet with high flexibility in configuring the functional form and the network topology. The integrate-and-fire array transceiver (IFAT) chip emulates the continuous-time analog membrane dynamics of 65 k two-compartment neurons with conductance-based synapses. Fired action potentials are registered as address-event encoded output spikes, while the four types of synapses coupling to each neuron are activated by address-event decoded input spikes for fully reconfigurable synaptic connectivity, facilitating virtual wiring as implemented by routing address-event spikes externally through synaptic routing table. Peak conductance strength of synapse activation specified by the address-event input spans three decades of dynamic range, digitally controlled by pulse width and amplitude modulation (PWAM) of the drive voltage activating the log-domain linear synapse circuit. Two nested levels of micro-pipelining in the IFAT architecture improve both throughput and efficiency of synaptic input. This two-tier micro-pipelining results in a measured sustained peak throughput of 73 Mspikes/s and overall chip-level energy efficiency of 22 pJ/spike. Non-uniformity in digitally encoded synapse strength due to analog mismatch is mitigated through single-point digital offset calibration. Combined with the flexibly layered and recurrent synaptic connectivity provided by hierarchical address-event routing of registered spike events through external memory, the IFAT lends itself to efficient large-scale emulation of general biophysical spiking neural networks, as well as rate-based mapping of rectified linear unit (ReLU) neural activations.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Hybrid Analog-Digital Transceivers'

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