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Author: Grafiati
Published: 11 September 2023

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1

Agustín-Sáenz, Cecilia, Patricia Santa Coloma, Francisco J. Fernández-Carretero, Fabiola Brusciotti, and Marta Brizuela. "Design of Corrosion Protective and Antistatic Hybrid Sol-Gel Coatings on 6XXX AlMgSi Alloys for Aerospace Application." Coatings 10, no. 5 (April 30, 2020): 441. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings10050441.

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An inorganic–organic coating based on glycidyl-functionalized silica and zirconia was synthesized by sol-gel technology to protect three types of AlMgSi (6XXX series) alloys against corrosion in aerospace applications. Different parameters such as the solid content, the organic/inorganic ratio of the sols and the deposition conditions were studied with the aim to achieve a tradeoff between the corrosion protection, antistatic performance and low vacuum-induced outgassing. Those parameters directly influence the thickness and the density of the coatings, and therefore the barrier effect against corrosion and the contact electrical resistance, which are affected in opposite ways. To obtain a low contact electrical resistance, silver nanowires (NW) with a high aspect ratio were loaded in the sol-gel matrix with the aim to create a conductive path through the hybrid coating with a low concentration of NWs. The coatings were adapted for AA6063, AA6061 and AA6082, and they all showed an outstanding anti-corrosion performance in different artificial weathering tests, whereas electrochemical impedance spectroscopy permitted the identification of the most critical parameters affecting water uptake. An antistatic performance was demonstrated by the low contact electrical resistance of the coated AA6061 and AA6063 alloys, although the incorporation of NWs showed a detrimental effect on the corrosion protection compared with the unloaded coating.
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2

Öztürk, İsmail, and Burak Sercan Kaya. "Effect of heat-treatment on crash performance in bumper beam and crash box design and optimization of the system." Materials Testing 64, no. 6 (June 1, 2022): 768–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mt-2021-2134.

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Abstract Within the study’s scope, impact analyses of homogeneous bumper beam-crash box systems designed from AA6063-O, AA6063-T5, and AA6063-T6 materials and hybrid systems designed from combinations of these materials were made and compared in terms of energy absorption values. In designs where failure does not occur, the highest energy absorption value was obtained using the AA6063-T5 bumper beam and AA6063-O crash box system, and single and multi-objective optimization studies were conducted using this design. The optimal bumper system improved the crash performance of the structure. Accordingly, this bumper system can be used in vehicles to improve crashworthiness.
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3

Saravana Kumar, A., and P. Sasikumar. "Mechanical Properties of Multi Axially Forged Hybrid Composite." Applied Mechanics and Materials 813-814 (November 2015): 90–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.813-814.90.

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This work investigated the influence of multi axial forging (MAF) on the microstructure and mechanical properties of AA6063/Al2O3/Gr hybrid composite. It reveals that the effectiveness of forged composite exhibited better mechanical properties. The AA6063 reinforced with Al2O3 and 1 wt. % graphite (Gr) hybrid composite were fabricated using stir casting technique. The microstructure of the hybrid composite was examined using optical microscope. The mechanical properties in terms of hardness, flexural strength and compression strength were investigated. It was observed that the mechanical properties of multi axially forged hybrid composite exhibited around 15, 7 and 5 times higher than unreinforced alloy, as-casted hybrid composite and as-hardened hybrid composite. These results revealed that the multi axially forged hybrid composite would be well suited for high strength applications.
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4

Arun, K. S., T. Panneerselvam, and S. Raghuraman. "Study on Mechanical Properties of Aluminium Based Metal Matrix Composites by Hybrid Reinforcement." Applied Mechanics and Materials 813-814 (November 2015): 116–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.813-814.116.

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Now a day’s Hybrid Metal Matrix composites has a large number of applications in automobiles, aircrafts and structural applications like brake rotors, engine parts and cylinder liners. The aim of this study is to determine the mechanical properties of boron carbide (B4C) and zirconium silicate (ZrSiO4) particulate reinforced with AA6063 alloy composites. In this experimental study, B4C and ZrSiO4 particulates reinforced with AA6063 composites were manufactured by stir casting technique. Mechanical properties of these composite materials were investigated by different weight percentages, 3%, 6%, 9% of boron carbide (B4C) and 9%, 6%, 3% of zirconium silicate (ZrSiO4) respectively. The mechanical properties evaluation reveals variations in hardness and the tensile strength values with the composite combinations investigated in this work. From the experimental studies, the optimum volume fraction of hybrid reinforcement in AA6063 alloy on the basis of mechanical properties and SEM analysis is also determined.
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5

Aziz, M. Abdel, T. S. Mahmoud, Z. I. Zaki, and A. M. Gaafer. "Heat Treatment and Wear Characteristics of Al2O3 and TiC Particulate Reinforced AA6063 Al Alloy Hybrid Composites." Journal of Tribology 128, no. 4 (June 7, 2006): 891–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2345416.

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In this article, the heat treatment and dry sliding wear behavior of Al-based AA6063 alloy reinforced with both TiC and Al2O3 ceramic particles were studied. The particles were synthesized by self-propagating high temperature synthesis (SHS) technique. The prepared composite alloy contains 5vol.%Al2O3 and 5vol.% TiC particles. The composite alloy was prepared by vortex method. To attain the peak hardness values of the alloys, age hardening behavior of the monolithic alloy and also the composite alloy was investigated. The wear tests were performed at room temperature using a pin-on-disk type apparatus. The results showed that the addition of TiC and Al2O3 particles increases the hardness of the AA6063 Al alloy and at the same time accelerates the aging kinetics. The sliding wear properties of AA6063 Al alloy were significantly improved by the addition of TiC and Al2O3 particles.
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6

Adediran, Adeolu Adesoji, Francis Odikpo Edoziuno, Olanrewaju Seun Adesina, Kehinde Oluseun Sodeinde, Abiodun Babafemi Ogunkola, Goodness Adeola Oyinloye, Cynthia Chinasa Nwaeju, and Esther Titilayo Akinlabi. "Mechanical Characterization and Numerical Optimization of Aluminum Matrix Hybrid Composite." Materials Science Forum 1065 (June 30, 2022): 47–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-m21wne.

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Hybridization of aluminium matrix composite is with a view to offset the properties deficient in one composite reinforcement. The present investigation involves a comparative study of AA6063 matrix composites with single reinforcement of Al2O3, SiC, graphene respectively and various hybridized proportions of the same reinforcements. Physical (density and %porosity) and mechanical (tensile strength, fracture toughness, %elongation, elastic modulus, etc.) properties of composites developed via solidification processing technique were evaluated. The porosity of all the composites falls below the maximum acceptable limit for cast metal matrix composite. Maximum values for UTS, %elongation and absorbed energy at maximum stress was obtained by hybrid composite with 4wt% Al2O3, SiC and 2wt% graphene, while the composite with the highest single reinforcement of graphene have the highest value for elastic modulus and fracture toughness. Numerical optimization results show that a matrix and hybrid reinforcements contents of AA6063 (91.413wt.%), SiC (3.679wt.%), Al2O3 (0.277wt.%), and graphene (4.632wt.%) respectively, will result in optimal values for the evaluated properties.
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7

Sharma, Ojasvi, Prateek Gupta, and Tarun Kumar. "Fabrication And Characterisation of AA6063-T6/SiC/Waste Bone Powder Using Electromagnetic Stir Casting." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1248, no. 1 (July 1, 2022): 012076. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1248/1/012076.

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Abstract Electromagnetic stir casting (EMSC) is a highly effective process to produce the metal matrix composite (MMC) because of the uniform mixing of reinforcement with the matrix. The current research is to investigate AA6063-T6/2wt%SiC/5wt%WBP hybrid composite using Microstructure analysis, Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Tensile strength and Hardness. Stirring time and speed is kept as constant parameter. Microstructure analysis reveals that there is uniform distribution of reinforcement in AA6063-T6 hybrid composite and no voids were observed. FESEM analysis shows that reinforcement have a good bonding with a small porosity. XRD analysis indicates that there are no unwanted contaminants found and Al3Ca shows the highest peak followed by Al2(CO3)3 and CaSiO3. It was concluded that mechanical properties are improved on adding the reinforcement, tensile strength by 22.4% and hardness by 31%.
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8

Reena Roy, R., Leninisha Shanmugam, A. Vinothini, Nirmala Venkatachalam, G. Sumathy, Bhavadharini Murugeshan, P. Mercy Rajaselvi Beaulah, and Gizachew Assefa Kerga. "Investigation of the Wear Behavior of AA6063/Zirconium Oxide Nanocomposites Using Hybrid Machine Learning Algorithms." Journal of Chemistry 2023 (May 18, 2023): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/7571588.

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This research created hot-pressed composites of the AA6063 matrix with varying concentrations of ZrO2 (0.25, 0.5, and 1 wt %). At sliding speeds of 80, 120, and 150 mm/s, the wear performance of the specimen was studied at loads of 10 N, 15 N, 20 N, and 25 N. The authors analyzed the counter-face material, the wear debris, and the worn surfaces to learn about the wear mechanisms. Developing these three machine learning (ML) algorithms was to evaluate the ability to predict wear behavior using the same small dataset collected using varying test processes. A thorough examination of each model hyperparameter tuning phase was performed. The predictive performance was analyzed using several statistical tools. The most effective decision-making algorithms for this data collection were those based on trees. Predictions made by the decision tree algorithm for the test and validation measurements have an accuracy of 86% and 99.7%, respectively. The best model was picked out based on the results of the predictions.
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9

Jims John Wessley, G., A. Gaith Franklin, and S. J. Vijay. "Fabrication and Mechanical Characterization of Stir Cast AA6063-Borosilicate-Fly Ash Hybrid Metal Matrix Composites." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.6 (July 4, 2018): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.6.14949.

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This paper presents the development and characterization of aluminium alloy 6063 based metal matrix composite with varying combinations of fly ash and Borosilicate reinforcements. In the present work, the aluminium alloy 6063 (AA) is taken at a constant 84 vol% while the reinforcements Fly Ash (FA) and Borosilicate (B) are varied in the proportions of 2%, 4% 8%, 125 and 14%. Six samples were fabricated by stir casting and the mechanical properties were analyzed using tensile test, hardness test and wear test while the microstructure is analyzed by obtaining SEM and EDX images of the specimen. It is seen that both the reinforcements used in this study, increased the tensile and wear resistance of the alloy. The desirable mechanical and micro structural properties were found to be in the specimen with 84% AA, 14% FA and 2% B. The tensile strength of the aluminum alloy at this desirable combination is found to increase by 11.97%, ductility by 36.75% and the wear resistance by 62%. This metal matrix composite of AA6063 with fly ash and Borosilicate reinforcements can be used in automobile, aerospace and structural applications where wear resistance and tensile properties are mainly required.
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10

Sahoo, Priyabrata, Mantra Prasad Satpathy, Vishnu Kumar Singh, and Asish Bandyopadhyay. "Performance evaluation in CNC turning of AA6063-T6 alloy using WASPAS approach." World Journal of Engineering 15, no. 6 (December 3, 2018): 700–709. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/wje-06-2017-0127.

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PurposeSurface roughness and vibration during machining are inevitable which critically affect the product quality characteristics. This paper aims to suggest the implementation of a multi-objective optimization technique to obtain the favorable parametric conditions which lead to minimum tool vibration and surface roughness of 6063-T6 aluminum alloy in computer numerically controlled (CNC) turning.Design/methodology/approachThe case study has been accomplished according to response surface methodology RSM’s Box–Behnken design (BBD) matrix using Titanium Nitride-coated Tungsten Carbide insert in a dry environment. As the experimental results are quite nonlinear, a second-order regression model has been developed for the responses (surface roughness and tool vibration) in terms of input cutting parameters (spindle speed, feed rate and depth of cut). The goodness of fit of the models has also been verified with analysis of variance (ANOVA) results.FindingsThe significance efficacy of input parameters on surface roughness and tool vibrations has been illustrated through multi-objective overlaid 3D surface plots and contour plots. Finally, parametric optimization has been performed to get the desired response values under the umbrella of weighted aggregate sum product assessment (WASPAS) method and verified confidently with confirmatory test results.Originality/valueThe results of this study reveals that hybrid RSM with WASPAS method can be readily applicable to optimize multi-response problems in the manufacturing field with higher confidence.
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11

Rajesh Jesudoss Hynes, N., M. Vivek Prabhu, and P. Nagaraj. "Joining of hybrid AA6063-6SiC p -3Gr p composite and AISI 1030 steel by friction welding." Defence Technology 13, no. 5 (October 2017): 338–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dt.2017.05.014.

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12

Kaushik, Narinder, and Sandeep Singhal. "Hybrid combination of Taguchi-GRA-PCA for optimization of wear behavior in AA6063/SiCp matrix composite." Production & Manufacturing Research 6, no. 1 (January 2018): 171–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21693277.2018.1479666.

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13

Gupta, Saurabh Kumar, KN Pandey, and Rajneesh Kumar. "Multi-objective optimization of friction stir welding process parameters for joining of dissimilar AA5083/AA6063 aluminum alloys using hybrid approach." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L: Journal of Materials: Design and Applications 232, no. 4 (January 19, 2016): 343–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464420715627294.

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Joining of dissimilar aluminum alloys are widely used in automobile, aerospace and shipbuilding industries. The defect-free joining of aluminum alloys using conventional technique is a challenging task for a welding engineer. Friction stir welding has been established as one of the most promising processes for defects-free joining of aluminum alloys. In this study, a hybrid approach of grey relational analysis with principal component analysis, is applied for multi-objective optimization of process parameters for friction stir welding of dissimilar AA5083/AA6063 aluminum alloys. Three responses namely tensile strength, average hardness at weld nugget zone and average grain size at weld nugget zone, and four process parameters with three levels have been selected for the study. Taguchi method based L27 orthogonal array design matrix is used for experiments. The optimal set of process parameters using hybrid approach was found as 900 r/min of tool rotational speed, 60 mm/min of welding speed, 18 mm of shoulder diameter and 5 mm of pin diameter. Improved performance of each response was obtained from the confirmation tests at optimum level of parameters.
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14

Gupta, Saurabh Kumar, KN Pandey, and Rajneesh Kumar. "Artificial intelligence-based modelling and multi-objective optimization of friction stir welding of dissimilar AA5083-O and AA6063-T6 aluminium alloys." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L: Journal of Materials: Design and Applications 232, no. 4 (January 13, 2016): 333–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464420715627293.

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The present research investigates the application of artificial intelligence tool for modelling and multi-objective optimization of friction stir welding parameters of dissimilar AA5083-O–AA6063-T6 aluminium alloys. The experiments have been conducted according to a well-designed L27 orthogonal array. The experimental results obtained from L27 experiments were used for developing artificial neural network-based mathematical models for tensile strength, microhardness and grain size. A hybrid approach consisting of artificial neural network and genetic algorithm has been used for multi-objective optimization. The developed artificial neural network-based models for tensile strength, microhardness and grain size have been found adequate and reliable with average percentage prediction errors of 0.053714, 0.182092 and 0.006283%, respectively. The confirmation results at optimum parameters showed considerable improvement in the performance of each response.
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15

Bembalge, O. B., and S. K. Panigrahi. "Exploring a hybrid manufacturing process to develop high performance age hardenable ultrafine grained AA6063/SiC nano-composite sheets." Journal of Manufacturing Processes 70 (October 2021): 508–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmapro.2021.09.003.

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16

Aziz, M. Abdel, T. S. Mahmoud, and A. Abdel Aal. "Modeling and optimizing of factors affecting erosion–corrosion of AA6063–(TiC/Al2O3) hybrid composites by experimental design method." Materials Science and Engineering: A 486, no. 1-2 (July 2008): 313–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2007.11.066.

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17

Narimani, Mohammad, Behnam Lotfi, and Zohreh Sadeghian. "Evaluation of the microstructure and wear behaviour of AA6063-B4C/TiB2 mono and hybrid composite layers produced by friction stir processing." Surface and Coatings Technology 285 (January 2016): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2015.11.015.

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18

Raja, R., Sabitha Jannet, Christo Joy, and Jeffin Johnson. "Effect of Zirconium Dibromide and Aluminum Oxide Hybrid Particle Reinforcement on the Mechanical, Microstructure and Wear Properties of AA6063 Surface Metal Matrix Composite." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1183, no. 1 (September 1, 2021): 012008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1183/1/012008.

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19

Prasad Reddy, A., P. Vamsi Krishna, and RN Rao. "Two-body abrasive wear behaviour of AA6061-2SiC-2Gr hybrid nanocomposite fabricated through ultrasonically assisted stir casting." Journal of Composite Materials 53, no. 15 (January 6, 2019): 2165–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998318822723.

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Two-body abrasion wear rate of AA6061 aluminium alloy, AA6061-2SiC nanocomposite, and AA6061-2SiC-2Gr hybrid nanocomposites were studied using a pin on disc machine at various applied normal loads 5-20 N and 50-150 µm abrasive grit size by maintaining a constant sliding distance of 120 m. Morphology of fabricated materials, worn surfaces of tested specimens, and abrasive grit papers were analysed under a scanning electron microscope. The wear rate of the AA6061-2SiC-2Gr hybrid nanocomposite was found to be less than that of AA6061 alloy and AA6061-2SiC nanocomposite. The wear rate decreased by 19% for 50 µm, 28.2% for 100 µm, and 22.5% for 150 µm at an applied normal load of 20 N and 120 m sliding distance for Al 6061-2SiC-2Gr hybrid nanocomposite compared to base alloy.
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20

Das, Shubhajit, M. Chandrasekaran, and Sutanu Samanta. "Study on Mechanical Properties of AA6061/SiC/B4C Hybrid Nano Metal Matrix Composites." Materials Science Forum 1034 (June 15, 2021): 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1034.35.

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The present work investigates the mechanical characterization of aluminium alloy (AA) 6061 based hybrid nanometal matrix composites (MMCs) fabricated using conventional stir casting process. Two compositions viz., AA6061+1.5 wt.% B4C+0.5 wt.% SiC (Hybrid A) and AA6061+1.5 wt.% B4C+1.5 wt.% SiC (Hybrid B) was prepared and its mechanical properties such as microhardness, tensile, compressive, flexural and impact strength were investigated to compare with unreinforced AA6061. SiC and B4C ceramic particles (purity 99.89%) of average particle size of 50 nm were used as reinforcements. Significant enhancement in microhardness of 30.2% and 31.02% for hybrid A and B are observed respectively. The ultimate tensile strength (UTS) increased by 10.72% and 16.55% for hybrid A and B respectively. Improved interaction because of the enhanced surface to volume ratio at the interface resulted in improvement of mechanical properties. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) of the fractured surface shows brittle fracture because of the incorporation of the ceramic reinforcements in the matrix material. The developed AA6061/SiC/B­4C hybrid nanocomposites show improved mechanical properties for high-performance structural applications.
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21

Umar, Mohamed J., PL K. Palaniappan, P. Maran, and R. Pandiyarajan. "Investigation and optimization of friction stir welding process parameters of stir cast AA6082/ZrO2/B4C composites." Materials Science-Poland 38, no. 4 (December 1, 2020): 715–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/msp-2020-0082.

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Abstract In the present investigation, aluminium-based alloy (AA6082) is stir-casted with 3 % ZrO2 and 5 % B4C reinforcement particulates to fabricate Aluminium Metal Matrix Hybrid Composites (AMMHCs) which are further friction-stir welded at different welding conditions to develop a welded joint with optimum ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and microhardness. This newly developed AMMHC will find its specific application as bulkhead partitions in the hull of a ship due to its excellent properties, such as lower weight, higher specific strength, superior resistance to wear, and lower thermal expansion coefficient than that of AA6061 and AA5083 composites. The friction-welded butt joints performance of AA6082/3%ZrO2/5%B4C is generally determined by varying the FSW process parameters such as tool rotational speed (TRS), welding speed (WS), axial load (AL), tool tilt angle (TTA), tool pin profile (TPP), shoulder diameter (SD), etc. In the present work, the empirical relationships are established between parameters highly influencing FSW process (TRS, WS, and AL) and their responses (UTS and weld nugget microhardness (WNH)). The desirability approach is employed for predicting the optimal UTS and WNH. The corresponding values of input process parameters are TRS of 1030.95 rpm, WS of 38.5 mm/min, and AL of 5.88 kN. The calculated UTS and WNH for the present investigation are 239.98 MPa and 94.2 HV, respectively, and these values are consistent with the results of validation experiments.
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22

Kim, Bu-Jong, Young-Jin Hwang, and Jin-Seok Park. "Visibility and oxidation stability of hybrid-type copper mesh electrodes with combined nickel–carbon nanotube coating." Nanotechnology 28, no. 16 (March 22, 2017): 165201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/aa6563.

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23

Tan, Su, Xian Zhang, Xin Ding, Hui Wang, Chao Bao, Kang Zheng, Lin Chen, and Xingyou Tian. "Synchronous enhancement on the thermal stability and electric property of polyimide by introducing the hybrid of sericite and SiO2." Materials Research Express 4, no. 4 (April 12, 2017): 045302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/aa6963.

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24

Al-Alkawi, Hussain J. M., Abduljabbar Owaid Hanfesh, and Saja Mohammed Noori Mohammed Rauof. "Development of High Performance (Mechanical and Wear Properties) of AA 6061-Hybrid Nano Composites Via Liquid Metallurgy Route." Al-Nahrain Journal for Engineering Sciences 22, no. 2 (July 21, 2019): 143–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.29194/njes.22020143.

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This research is devoted to study the influence of different weight percent concerning to the additions of Ti and Cu on mechanical and tribological properties of AA6061. The composite materials consist of different weight percentage of Ti (0.2, 0.4, and 0.6) wt% and constant weight percentage of Cu (0.2) wt% which were fabricated by liquid metallurgy route technique. Microstructural characterization and phases have been examined by using SEM (scanning electron microscopic).SEM examination showed uniform distribution of nano Ti and Cu in AA6061. The consequences of mechanical tests demonstrated clear enhancement in mechanical properties, such as ultimate tensile strength, yield strength, young modulus, ductility% and hardness at additive percentage of 0.4% Ti+0.2%Cu nano particles incorporated into molten AA6061. Percentage of enhancement ultimate tensile strength is about 73.3%, yield strength about 82.7%, young modulus is about 21.2%, the Vickers hardness about 42.6% and the decreasing in ductility was about 25.2% compared with the metal matrix (AA6061). The wear rate test was performed by using pin on disc rig for both hybrid nano composite and base metal (AA6061) under various loads (10,15and 20) N with sliding speed (1.282) m/sec at a (10) min’s time. The results showed a decrease in wear rate at 0.4%Ti+0.2%Cu compared with the base metal (AA6061). Improvement percentage of wear rate is about 105% at 20 N load.
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25

Abushanab, Waheed Sami, Essam B. Moustafa, Emad S. Goda, Emad Ghandourah, Mohammed A. Taha, and Ahmed O. Mosleh. "Influence of Vanadium and Niobium Carbide Particles on the Mechanical, Microstructural, and Physical Properties of AA6061 Aluminum-Based Mono- and Hybrid Composite Using FSP." Coatings 13, no. 1 (January 10, 2023): 142. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings13010142.

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The ceramic particle reinforcement process is one of the most utilized techniques to enhance the metal surface. The current investigation uses vanadium and niobium carbides to reinforce the AA6061 alloy using the friction stir process (FSP). The mechanical properties are evaluated using ultrasound and conventional compressive tests; furthermore, the microstructure and physical properties are carried out to show the effect of single and hybrid additives of ceramic particles on the surface composites of aluminum alloy. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is utilized to examine the presence and distribution of the reinforcement VC and NbC particles inside the composite matrix. The microstructure examination revealed a good dispersion and homogenized distribution of the reinforcement particles. The results indicated that reinforcement particles significantly enhanced the mechanical and physical properties. The VC and NbC particles play an important role in improving the surface hardening behavior and grain refinement by restricting grain growth during the dynamic recrystallization process in the FSP action. The hybrid composited AA6061/NbC + VC recorded an increase in the compressive stress, yield stress, and hardness of 25%, 20%, and 50%, respectively, relative to the base metal, in addition to a 55% decrease in the coefficient of the thermal expansion (CTE) was reported. Moreover, the hybrid composite AA6061/NbC + VC significantly affected the corrosion rate with a reduction of 45%.
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Tariq, Fawad, Madni Shifa, Mateen Tariq, S. Kazim Hasan, and Rasheed Ahmed Baloch. "Hybrid Nanocomposite Material for EMI Shielding in Spacecrafts." Advanced Materials Research 1101 (April 2015): 46–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1101.46.

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In this study lightweight carbon fiber and multiwalled carbon nanotubes filled hybrid nanocomposite was fabricated for electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding in spacecraft. Electrical conductivity was conducted to assess the affect of MWCNT addition on composite. EMI shielding effectiveness (SE) was tested in the frequency range of 1-18 GHz. Comparison of SE was also made with AA6061-T6 sheet. Dispersion of nanotubes in the matrix was examined through microscopy. Results indicated that the conductivity was increased with increasing MWCNTs up to 0.25 wt%. Higher loading level of MWCNTs has resulted in decrease in conductivity due to agglomeration in cured samples. Hybrid nanocomposite exhibited improved SE than AA6061-T6 in 1-8 GHz frequency range. Best SE and electrical conductivity was witnessed in 0.25 wt% MWCNT sample. EMI SE in range of-20 dB to-40 dB can be easily achieved in our developed material.
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27

Singh Saini, Gurpreet, and Sanjeev Goyal. "Fabrication and Microstructure Study of Aluminum Matrix Composites Reinforced with SiC and B4C Particulates." Nano Hybrids and Composites 16 (June 2017): 26–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/nhc.16.26.

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In the present paper aluminum matrix composites were fabricated using base material AA6082-T6. SiC and B4C particulates were used as reinforcement to obtain hybrid and non-hybrid composites through the conventional stir casting process. AA6082-T6/SiC composites with 5, 10, 15 and 20 wt % of SiC; AA6082-T6/B4C composites with 5, 10, 15 and 20 wt % of B4C and AA6082-T6/(SiC+B4C) hybrid composites with 5, 10, 15 and 20 wt % of (SiC+B4C) taking equal fraction of SiC and B4C were made and the microstructure study was carried out. X-Ray diffraction (XRD) patterns revels the presence of reinforcement within the matrix along with some other compounds. The microstructure of the fabricated composites was examined with the help of Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the micrographs revealed that the dispersion of reinforced particles was reasonably uniform at all weight percentages.
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28

Pai, Anand, Laxmikant Keni, and Chandrakant R. Kini. "A Finite Element Approach to Conduct Machinability Studies on Age-Hardened AA6061 Matrix Hybrid Composites." Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences 54, no. 2 (March 25, 2022): 220208. http://dx.doi.org/10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2022.54.2.8.

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AA6061, a popular structural material, has found widespread usage in the automotive and aerospace domains. The current work explored the effect of the improvement of mechanical properties on the machinability of AA6061 through finite element analysis. Three compositions of AA6061 containing 2 wt.% graphite and 0, 2, 4 wt.% granite dust were fabricated by stir casting. In the current work, a finite element model of a slab milling cutter with eight teeth was designed with high-speed steel (HSS) as the tool material. The LS-DYNA module of ANSYS was used for simulation of the milling operation, selecting two peripheral speeds for the cutter during the machining of the workpiece. Surface milling was carried out on the cast slabs of the three compositions to study chip formation. At higher cutting speeds, there was an increase in the von Mises stress as well as material deformation. An increase in the weight fraction of the ceramic fillers led to a corresponding increase in the von Mises stress and material deformation. The experimental results from face milling of the three compositions showed that the surface roughness increased with an increase in the content of ceramic fillers and a decrease in chip size.
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Wanjara, Priti, and Xin Jin Cao. "Hybrid Laser-Arc Welding of AA6061-T6 Butt Joints." Materials Science Forum 783-786 (May 2014): 2833–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.783-786.2833.

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Hybrid laser-arc welding (HLAW) of butt joints in 3.18 mm thick aluminum alloy (AA) 6061-T6 sheets was investigated in the present study. Under optimized process conditions, high integrity welds with approximately 2% shrinkage and gas porosity were obtained. The weld bead geometry was determined to conform to the crown and root reinforcement specifications for welded aluminum construction - CSA W 59.2 M1191. Softening in the heat-affected zone (HAZ) and fusion zone (FZ) of the welds was observed, the former due to grain coarsening and the latter due to the dissolution of the hardening precipitates as well as the dilution from the application of the ER 5356 filler wire. Under optimized process conditions, the gap tolerance was determined to be 0.5 mm, beyond which the performance of the joints during bend testing was compromised.
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Boppana, Satish Babu, Samuel Dayanand, Bharath Vedashantha Murthy, Madeva Nagaral, Aravinda Telagu, Vijee Kumar, and Virupaxi Auradi. "Development and Mechanical Characterisation of Al6061-Al2O3-Graphene Hybrid Metal Matrix Composites." Journal of Composites Science 5, no. 6 (June 10, 2021): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcs5060155.

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MMC based on aluminium (Al) were produced for light-weight applications especially in aviation and automobile areas. Present paper deals with the fabrication and mechanical performance of AA6061 matrix composites fortified with Al2O3 (alumina) and graphene particulates. Fluid metallurgy method namely stir casting route was employed for fabricating the hybrid composites. Al2O3p and graphene powder are mixed in different weight fractions in which graphene (1 wt. %) particle reinforcement is held consistent and Al2O3 reinforcement is differed freely with 5, 10 and 15 wt. %. Using optical analyser and SEM equipment, microstructural examination is carried out and the result reveals that the graphene and Al2O3 particles prevalently are homogeneously appropriated on the grain limits of Al matrix and Al2O3 particles are disseminated between graphene in the as-cast AA6061 MMC’s. Detailed analysis on investigation of the microstructure and mechanical aspects of Al6061-graphene-Al2O3p composites is presented by following ASTM guidelines; results uncovered that with increment in reinforcement particles, there is an enhancement in the hardness, ultimate strength, yield strength and a decline in the elongation values was however noticed when contrasted with Al6061 alloy. Fractography investigation revealed dimples in unreinforced alloy and the composite.
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J. M. Al-Alkawi, Hussain. "c EFFECT OF HYBRID NANO MATERIAL (Ti+Cu) ADDITION ON CORROSION–FATIGUE INTERACTION AND ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES." IRAQI JOURNAL FOR MECHANICAL AND MATERIALS ENGINEERING 20, no. 1 (March 26, 2020): 25–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.32852/iqjfmme.v20i1.458.

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This research is devoted to study the influence of different weight percent concerning to the additions of Ti and Cu on corrosion- fatigue and electrical properties of AA6061. The composite materials consist of different weight percentage of Ti (0.2, 0.4, and 0.6) and constant weight percentage of Cu (0.2) are fabricated by liquid metallurgy route technique.Attempts have been made to explore the impact of corrosive media on the fatigue behavior of AA6061 submerged for 80days in shat al Arab water. Constant and variable corrosion fatigue tests are performed under rotating bending loads and stress control at the stress ratio R= -1 and room temperature (RT). The results show the fatigue strength reduction due to corrosion without nano materials increases with the increasing of the testing cycles, but when adding nano material the fatigue strength reduction will be reduced with increasing the testing life. Furthermore the results of electrical tests show that increasing electrical conductivity and decrease of resistivity.
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32

Monikandan, V. V., M. A. Joseph, and P. K. Rajendrakumar. "Dry Sliding Tribological Studies of AA6061-B4C-Gr Hybrid Composites." Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance 25, no. 10 (August 25, 2016): 4219–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11665-016-2276-0.

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33

M, Barath, Rajesh S, and Duraimurugan P. "Experimental Exploration of Hybrid Metal Matrix Composite using Abrasive Water Jet Machining." International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology 9, no. 2 (December 30, 2019): 1872–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.b9835.129219.

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The abrasive mixed waterjet was with success utilized to chop several materials together with steel, metal and glass for a spread of business applications. This work focuses on surface roughness of hybrid metal matrix composite (AA6061, Al2O3, B4C). Machining was applied by AWJM (Abrasive Waterjet Cutting) at completely different parameters Water pressure, Traverse speed, Abrasive flow and stand-off distance. The reinforced composite was analyzed exploitation FE SEM (Field Emission Scanning lepton Microscope) and distribution of reinforced was studied by AFM (Atomic Force Microscopy). For optimum results surface roughness was calculated.
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34

Singh, Gurpreet, and Sanjeev Goyal. "Dry sliding wear behaviour of AA6082-T6/SiC/B4C hybrid metal matrix composites using response surface methodology." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L: Journal of Materials: Design and Applications 232, no. 11 (June 28, 2016): 952–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464420716657114.

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In the present work, dry sliding wear behaviour of hybrid aluminum metal matrix composites is carried out. A mixture of silicon carbide and boron carbide is used in equal fraction as reinforcement with base material AA6082-T6 to prepare AA6082-T6/SiC/B4C hybrid metal matrix composites using stir casting technique. The weight percentage of silicon carbide and boron carbide mixture taken to prepare hybrid composites is 5, 10, 15 and 20. The wear behaviour of Al-SiC-B4C composites is investigated using a pin-on-disc apparatus at room temperature, and optimization of process parameters is done using response surface methodology. The weight percentage of reinforcement, sliding speed, load and sliding distance are selected as process parameters with five levels of each. Analysis of variance shows that wear increases with increase of load or sliding distance and decreases with an increase in reinforcement or sliding speed. The experimental results revealed that the wear of Al-SiC-B4C hybrid composites has been influenced most by the sliding distance and least by weight percentage of reinforcement. The interaction between load–sliding speed is the only significant two-factor interaction in the present model which increases wear rate in fabricated hybrid composites. Further, the experimental results obtained are verified by conducting confirmation tests, and the errors found are within 3 to 7%.
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35

Msebawi, Muntadher Sabah, Zulkiflle Leman, Shazarel Shamsudin, Suraya Mohd Tahir, Che Nor Aiza Jaafar, Azmah Hanim Mohamed Ariff, Nur Ismarrubie Zahari, and Mohammed H. Rady. "The Effects of CuO and SiO2 on Aluminum AA6061 Hybrid Nanocomposite as Reinforcements: A Concise Review." Coatings 11, no. 8 (August 15, 2021): 972. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings11080972.

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Hybrid composites are obtained by embedding multiple micro and nano reinforcements into the matrix materials. These hybrid composites are helpful to obtain the useful properties of matrix and reinforcement materials. Aluminum matrix is one the most common matrix materials due to its excellent thermal and electrical properties. This review covers various aspects of nanoparticle-reinforced Al hybrid composites. Solid-state recycling of Al only consumes around 5% of the energy utilized in the conventional extraction and recycling methods. This review revolves around the induction of silica and copper oxide nanoparticles into the solid-state recycled Al matrix material to form the hybrid composite. These nanoparticles enhance stiffness, toughness, and high temperature stability for Al hybrid composites. A detailed analysis was carried out for AA6061-grade Al matrix materials along with the silica and copper oxide nanoparticles. The present work focused on the effects of nano silica and nano copper oxide particle reinforcements on Al-based composite manufactured via hot extrusion process. The composite fabrication through solid-state recycling is discussed in detail. A detailed analysis for the effects of volume fraction and wt.% of CuO and SiO2 reinforcement particles was carried out by various characterization techniques. A detailed comparison in terms of mechanical performance of Al-based composites with the addition of nano silica and nano copper oxide particles is presented here to investigate the efficiency and performance of these particles.
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36

Rajkumar, K., K. Ramraji, K. M. Nambiraj, and A. Gnanavelbabu. "A study on wear assessment of AA6061-B4C-Nanographite hybrid composite." Materials Today: Proceedings 27 (2020): 696–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2019.11.151.

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37

Li, Xiao Dan, Hai Jun Yin, and Jun Ping Ma. "Wear Properties of Cast Aluminium Alloy 6061 Reinforced with Nanosilicon Carbide/Copper Hybrid Particles." Advanced Materials Research 721 (July 2013): 295–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.721.295.

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Aluminium alloy 6061(AA6061) matrix composites were produced successfully by the stir casting method after a novel pre-treatment with reinforcements. The wear properties of composites were investigated. The results show that: the nanosilicon carbide (SiC) particles were embedded in solid copper (Cu) particles uniformly after 24 h of high-energy ball milling, and the hybrid reinforced particles uniformly dispersed in the Al matrix; The wear rate and the friction coefficient of the composites under various loads decreased as the reinforcements weight increased from 0.2% to 0.4%.
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38

Reddy, Dr A. Damodara. "Effect of AA6061 on Mechanical Properties of Basalt Fiber Reinforced Vinyl Ester Resin by Using Hand Layup Process." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 6 (June 30, 2023): 4583–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.54478.

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Abstract: In this research work, thermo-set polymer hybrid compound was manufactured by using vinyl ester resin. In this study, vinyl ester resin is utilized as a matrix material. Introduce to study, an AA 6061 particulate filler is added with weight ratio of (0, 5, 10, 15) and basalt fiber (330 gsm) is arranged one on other, hand layup procedure is used to prepare a composite objects. These composite materials are cut in to the test specimen’s as per the ASTM standards. The mechanical properties like tensile, impact, and flexural strength are calculated according to the ASTM standards. In this work, composite with filler materials shows superior mechanical properties than the material without filler materials. The effects of AA6061 on mechanical properties of basalt fiber reinforced vinyl ester resin are studied from the experiment results. It has considerable effect on the mechanical properties of the composite material. In particular, a comprehensive SEM examination of the damaged sample surfaces has been undertaken to find out bonding between AA6061 filler, matrix and reinforcement
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39

Sathish, T., L. Natrayan, S. Prasad Jones Christydass, S. Sivananthan, R. Kamalakannan, V. Vijayan, and Prabhu Paramasivam. "Experimental Investigation on Tribological Behaviour of AA6066: HSS-Cu Hybrid Composite in Dry Sliding Condition." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2022 (February 3, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9349847.

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Aluminum is among the most preferred materials based on the desired properties. This investigation focused on to evaluate the wear rate of the AA6066 aluminium alloy composite by using pin-on-disc apparatus. The composites were created with three materials such as AA6066 alloy, high-speed steel, and copper which have a volume percentage variation of 92%, 5%, and 3%, respectively. These three parameters were considered for the experimental results of the wear rate such as load applied, sliding speed, and sliding distance. Experimental results of the composites were compared using an applied load of 20 N, a sliding velocity of 3.0 m/s and 1800 m of sliding distance with AAHSSCu reinforced composites offering a minimum wear rate. Similarly, using a 40 N applied load, the minimum wear rate is obtained. Further increasing the applied load to 60 N with 600 m of sliding distance provided a lower wear rate. The various graphical representations such as three-dimensional surface plots, contour plots, and bar charts were used for the experimental results. Wear rate consequences were expressed individually compared based on the considered parameters. Experimental results were having the reliability of nearly ninety-one percentage with only wear rate being focused. Finally, an optimized wear rate is obtained at the sliding distance of 1200 m with an applied load of 40 N and a spindle speed of 3 m/s.
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40

Raguraman, D., D. Muruganandam, and L. A. Kumaraswamidhas. "Friction Stir Welding of Aluminum and Magnesium Alloys—Experimental Investigation and Optimization Using Hybrid Grey Relational Analysis and Principal Component Analysis." Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience 15, no. 2 (February 1, 2018): 509–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jctn.2018.7111.

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Friction stir welding of dissimilar materials is investigated experimentally in this work and optimization is performed by applying a hybrid Taguchi-Grey relational analysis-Principal component analysis to maximize the tensile strength and hardness of the weld bead. Two dissimilar metals AA6061 and AZ61 is friction stir welded and considered for the experimentation. Experimental matrix is designed using Taguchi's Design of Experiment (DOE). Optimum inputs rotational speed, axial load and transverse speed is obtained by applying the hybrid optimization technique. Statistical analysis of Multi Response Performance Index (MRPI) through Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) shows that axial load is the significant parameter that contributes by 75.67% towards MRPI, followed by transverse speed and rotational speed. Confirmation experiment with optimum condition produces a better friction stir welding joint with higher tensile strength and hardness.
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41

García, Paloma, Julio Mora, Miguel González del Val, Francisco Carreño, Francisco Javier García de Blas, and Alina Agüero. "Considering Thermal Diffusivity as a Design Factor in Multilayer Hybrid Ice Protection Systems." Coatings 12, no. 12 (December 12, 2022): 1952. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings12121952.

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Icing is a major problem that affects the aeronautical sector, which is forced to use anti- and de-icing systems to ensure flight safety. The currently used systems are effective but exhibit high energy consumption. Resistive heating is used to prevent ice accretion or to release it once it has formed. To satisfy all the imposed airworthiness requirements, such as low aerodynamic impact, resistance to lightning strikes, no overheating, etc., multilayer systems are commonly configured with different layers fulfilling specific functions. For example, the Boeing 787 Dreamliner uses dry woven glass fiber fabric on top of the heating element to provide galvanic insulation and dielectric resistance. It satisfies the above-mentioned requirements, but its thermal conductivity is very low, therefore reducing energy efficiency. The thermal distribution of two materials (AA6061 aluminum alloy and PTFE) with significantly different thermal and electrical properties in contact with a heating element was studied. Finite element calculations and experimental testing in an icing wind tunnel were carried out at −12 °C under different convection conditions: natural (0 m/s) and forced (35 and 70 m/s), using specimens of different sizes. Heating elements areas were also varied. AA6061 showed homogeneous heating, whereas differences of up to 80 °C were observed when using PTFE. In addition, the test results highlighted the effect of forced convection and the need to evaluate these systems “in close to operative” conditions. The calculation results proved to it be an interesting tool for studying the behavior of the systems avoiding extensive testing.
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42

Lagisetti, Virinchi Krishna, Prasad Reddy A., Chamaiporn Sukjamsri, and Vamsi Krishna P. "Machinability Study on AA6061/2 SiC / Graphite Hybrid Nanocomposites Fabricated through Ultrasonic Assisted Stir Casting." International Journal of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering 19, no. 3 (September 30, 2022): 9950–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.15282/ijame.19.3.2022.07.0767.

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Aluminium-based hybrid metal matrix nanocomposites (AA-HMNCs) have numerous applications due to their higher strength-to-weight ratio and good mechanical and tribological properties. However, the machinability aspect of these materials must be carefully explored before employing them in various engineering applications. The present study involves the fabrication of AA6061/2 wt.% SiC/x wt.% graphite (x= 1, 2, 3) hybrid nanocomposites and subsequently subjecting them to machinability investigation. All the hybrid nanocomposite samples are fabricated through ultrasonic assisted stir casting technique. The effect of machining parameters and graphite content of the sample on cutting force and surface roughness is discussed based on experimental data. Experiments are performed based on the central composite design of response surface methodology, and the corresponding output responses are recorded. ANOVA analysis revealed that the graphite content has the highest authority over surface roughness and cutting force. High cutting speeds accompanied by low feed and depth of cut have resulted in reduced cutting forces and better surface finish. Chip morphology studies have also subsequently indicated better machinability with increased graphite content.
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43

Sharma, Pardeep, Dinesh Khanduja, and Satpal Sharma. "Metallurgical and Mechanical Characterization of Al 6082-B4C/Si3N4 Hybrid Composite Manufactured by Combined Ball Milling and Stir Casting." Applied Mechanics and Materials 592-594 (July 2014): 484–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.592-594.484.

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Aluminium matrix composites (AMCs) having more than one reinforcement (hybrid AMCs) found enlarged use due to better strength, high thermal stability and wear resistance properties and can be a substitute for single reinforced AMCs .The effect of varying ball milled (BM) B4C/Si3N4 particles on the microstructure of as cast AA6082 and mechanical properties of AA6082 alloy hybrid composites produced by combined ball milling and conventional stir casting method have been reported. The combined reinforcement of BM B4C/Si3N4 particles were varied from 0-9 % in a step of 3. The wettability of B4C/Si3N4 into the aluminium melt has been increased by ball milling the boron carbide with silicon nitride powder, so that combined reinforcement of B4C/Si3N4 neither float nor sink in the aluminium melt. The investigated result showed that addition of combined reinforcement of BM B4C/Si3N4 increased Hardness and Ultimate tensile strength at the cost of reduction in percentage elongation.
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44

Senthilkumar, J., Bakkiyaraj M, M. Balasubramanian, and T. G. Loganathan. "Effect of FW conditions on mechanical and microstructural characteristic of AA6061/SiC/Graphite hybrid composites joint by empirical relationship." Surface Topography: Metrology and Properties 9, no. 4 (December 1, 2021): 045042. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2051-672x/ac4148.

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Abstract Friction welded AA6061 matrix hybrid composite joints were investigated to understand the process effect on the metallurgical properties with the aid of empirical relationships. SiC of 10% with the standard particle size of 25 μm and 5% graphite with the particle size of 30 μm were added into the AA6061 matrix. The investigation has 20 sets of experiments as per the matrix designed. Each process condition, namely rotation speed (N), upset load (F), and upset time (T), as well as their impact on joint properties, were investigated individually, with the estimated tensile strength correlated to their corresponding metallographic properties. The observation of this study concludes that the disparity in grain size is mainly affected by the availability of heat sources and the plasticized material during the friction stage and it is highly influenced by rotation speed. Furthermore, the lower level parameters produce the defective joint while the higher level parameters are attributed to ejecting the extensive amount of hot material from the joint interface. Finer reduction in grain size of 1.5 μm and ample plasticized material consolidation at the optimized welding conditions of 1600 rpm rotation speed, 3.5 kN upset load, and 4 s upset time were attributed to achieving the maximum tensile strength of 167 MPa.
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45

Wenjie, WEI, HE Xiaocong, ZHANG Xianlian, and LU Jiawei. "Characteristics of Fretting Damage in Hybrid DP780/AA6061 Self-piercing Riveted Joints." Journal of Mechanical Engineering 56, no. 6 (2020): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.3901/jme.2020.06.169.

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46

Gnanavelbabu, A., P. Saravanan, K. Rajkumar, S. Karthikeyan, and R. Baskaran. "Effect of Abrasive Waterjet Machining Parameters on Hybrid AA6061-B4C- CNT Composites." Materials Today: Proceedings 5, no. 5 (2018): 13438–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2018.02.338.

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47

Karthikraja, M., K. Ramanathan, S. Selvaraj, and S. Sargunanathan. "Evaluation of mechanical and tribological properties of hybrid AA6061 Al matrix composite." Materials Today: Proceedings 27 (2020): 2918–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2020.03.516.

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48

Caprì, Angela, Luigi Calabrese, Lucio Bonaccorsi, and Edoardo Proverbio. "Corrosion Resistance of Cerium Based Silane-Zeolite Coatings on AA6061 Alloy." Solid State Phenomena 227 (January 2015): 163–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.227.163.

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In the present work we analyzed the anti-corrosive properties, on AA6061, of sol-gel silane-zeolite hybrid coatings doped with cerium nitrate ions as inhibitor. Three different types of composite coatings were prepared by using cerium doped zeolite and/or silane matrix. For each type, four formulations, varying the zeolite amount (in the range 60-90% wt), were tested. All composite coating evidenced a high homogeneity and good adhesion performances. Cerium addiction in the coating formulation did not compromise the hydrophobic properties of the coating. Furthermore the addition of the cerium ions improved the anti-corrosion properties of the composite films inducing a significant stability of the electrochemical behavior.
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49

Oki, Makanjuola, and Adeolu Adesoji Adediran. "Permanganate - Based Hybrid Nano-Conversion Coating on Aluminium." Advanced Engineering Forum 26 (February 2018): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.26.33.

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The present work investigates a hybrid nano-coating based on permanganate/fluoride/glycerol conversion coating solution on aluminium alloy, AA6061. From gravimetric studies, the nano-coatings formed on aluminium alloy by immersion procedures developed rapidly at a rate which decreased with time of treatment and was about 5 gm-2after a period of three minutes. The morphology of the coating from scanning electron microscopic (SEM) examinations revealed randomly shaped coating materials with mud cracking patterns, characteristics of dried out coatings derived from gel-like materials. Analyses of the coating with the energy dispersive analysis of X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) attachment in the SEM revealed the composition as compounds of aluminium, oxygen and manganese, probably hydrated. The corrosion resistance of the coating out-performed ‘bare’ aluminium alloy specimens exposed to both natural and 3.5% sodium chloride solution environments. The coating improved the paint adhesion characteristics of the substrate aluminium alloy. Macro and micro features developed on the substrate aluminium are anchor points which improved the adhesion of subsequently applied lacquer.
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50

Sharma, P., V. Dabra, S. Sharma, D. Khanduja, N. Sharma, R. Sharma, and K. Saini. "Microstructure and Properties of AA6082/(SiC + Graphite) Hybrid Composites." Refractories and Industrial Ceramics 59, no. 5 (January 2019): 471–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11148-019-00256-7.

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