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Journal articles on the topic 'HY synthesis'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 25 May 2024

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1

Ruan, Xiao, Feng Wei, Li Yang, Yingxian Zhao, and Qiang Wang. "Interpretation of the mechanism of 3,3′-dichloro-4,4′-diamino diphenylmethane synthesis over HY zeolites." RSC Advances 10, no. 57 (2020): 34719–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ra06475k.

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Catalytic activities of zeolites HY, Hβ and HZSM-5 in the heterogeneous synthesis of 3,3′-dichloro-4,4′-diaminodiphenyl methane (MOCA) from o-chloroaniline and formaldehyde were pre-screened in an autoclave, and HY demonstrated better performance than others.

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2

Sumari, Sumari, Aman Santoso, Muhammad Roy Asrori, Yana Fajar Prakasa, and Dinar Rachmadika Baharintasari. "Sono-hydrolysis of banana stem midrib using HY-zeolite from natural sand-based silica as a catalyst." International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences 11, no. 4 (December 1, 2022): 306. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijaas.v11.i4.pp306-311.

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<span>Banana stem midrib has potential as glucose source through catalytic hydrolysis assisted by ultrasonic (sono-hydrolysis). Besides, natural sand-based silica is potential as raw material for zeolite synthesis. The purpose of the study was to do two things: i) characterize HY-zeolite made from natural sand-based silica and ii) determine whether or not HY-zeolite is effective for sono-hydrolysis of banana stem midrib. There was a total of four processes that were carried out, including i) the extraction of silica, ii) the synthesis of HY zeolite, iii) the hydrolysis process, and iv) the glucose content test. The results of the study were gain two things: i) The findings of X-ray florescence </span><span>(XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and fourier transform infrared (FTIR) on HY-zeolite are 2.3 Si/Al, obtained 2 theta and d-spacing data similarities for HY-zeolite, and formed T-O-T, O-T-O (T = Si/Al), and Si-OH groups respectively; and ii) HY-zeolite with ultrasonic was effective for hydrolyzing cellulose into glucose at maximum temperature and time, 55 °C and 6 hours.</span>

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3

Tessari, Paolo, Edward Kiwanuka, Michela Zanetti, and Rocco Barazzoni. "Postprandial body protein synthesis and amino acid catabolism measured with leucine and phenylalanine-tyrosine tracers." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 284, no. 5 (May 1, 2003): E1037—E1042. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00416.2002.

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Whether phenylalanine-tyrosine (Phe-Tyr) tracers yield estimates of postprandial protein synthesis comparable to those of the widely used leucine (Leu) tracer is unclear. We measured Leu oxidation (Ox), Phe hydroxylation (Hy), and their disposal into whole body protein synthesis before and after the administration of a mixed meal (62 kJ/kg body wt, 22% of energy as protein), over 4 h in healthy subjects. Both plasma and intracellular precursor pools were used. The amino acid data were extrapolated to body protein by assuming a fixed ratio of Leu to Phe in the proteins. In the postabsorptive state, whole body protein synthesis (expressed as mg · kg−1 · min−1) was similar between Leu and Phe-Tyr tracers irrespective of the precursor pool used. After the meal, Leu Ox, Phe Hy, and body protein synthesis increased ( P ≤ 0.01 vs. basal). With the use of intracellular precursor pools, the increase of protein synthesis with Phe-Tyr (+0.51 ±0.21 mg · kg−1 · min−1) and Leu tracers (+0.57 ± 0.14) were similar ( P = not significant). In contrast, with plasma pools the increase of protein synthesis was more than twofold greater with Phe-Tyr (+1.17 ± 0.19 mg · kg−1 · min−1) than that with Leu (0.50 ± 0.13 mg · kg−1 · min−1, P < 0.01). Direct correlations were found between Leu and Ox [using both plasma and intracellular pools ( r ≤ 0.65, P ≤ 0.01)] but not between Phe and either plasma or intracellular Hy. In conclusion, 1) Phe-Tyr and Leu tracers yield comparable estimates of body protein synthesis postprandially, provided that intracellular precursor pools are used; 2) both Leu Ox and Phe Hy are stimulated by a mixed meal; 3) Phe does not correlate with Hy, which might be better related to the (unknown) portal Phe.

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4

Chen, Fei, Dongxi Zhang, Lei Shi, Yan Wang, and Guangwen Xu. "Optimized Pore Structures of Hierarchical HY Zeolites for Highly Selective Production of Methyl Methoxyacetate." Catalysts 9, no. 10 (October 18, 2019): 865. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal9100865.

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Several organic templates were introduced during acid or alkaline treatment to optimize pore structures of hierarchical HY zeolites. The influences of category and concentration of templates on the pore structures and acidity of hierarchical HY zeolites were systemically studied. The N2 adsorption-desorption showed that the micropore amount of the optimized HY zeolites obviously increased, while both the large mesopore size and amount remained almost unchanged. The XRD and NH3-TPD revealed that the optimized HY zeolites exhibited higher relative crystallinity and medium-strong acid sites amount than those of hierarchical HY zeolites produced without the addition of templates. The optimized HY zeolites were used for the synthesis of methyl methoxyacetate (MMAc) from dimethoxymethane (DMM) carbonylation. In comparison with parent HY, the conversion and the selectivity clearly increased from 36.43% to 96.32% and from 11.06% to 92.35%, respectively. The stability of the optimized zeolite was also conducted under the same conditions. The conversion and the selectivity remained nearly unchanged even through 24 h reaction, showing that the performance was extremely stable. The TG-DTA and GC-MS also indicated that the generation of coke was effectively inhibited. This catalyst treatment method, which is facile and highly efficient, provided a route for producing mesoporous zeolites.

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5

Nagliati, Marco, M. C. Carotta, S. Gherardi, Isidoro Giorgio Lesci, and G. Martinelli. "TiO₂ Nanopowders for Sensing Applications; A Comparison between Traditional and Hydrothermal Synthesis Way." Advances in Science and Technology 45 (October 2006): 205–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.45.205.

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Aim of the work is to compare the morphological properties of TiO2 powders obtained by different methods. The microstructure of powders is a fundamental parameter to judge if the material is suitable for gas sensing. Materials for chemical sensors have to be composed by nanometric and spherical shaped grains sintered in controlled conditions aimed to obtain Schottky barriers. We investigated a traditional sol-gel (SG) and an hydrothermal (HY) approach to obtain titanium dioxide powders. The same starting materials were chosen for both SG and HY method, a Ti-organometallic precursor and, as solvent, an hydroalcoholic solution. The work is focused on the different methodology and on the outcome related to the two methods (we describe step by step both of them). HY TiO2 powder shows smaller grains than SG TiO2 maintaining spherical shape. A comparison among different handled HY powders shows the role of dwelling time (at fixed temperature) on the nanostructure of grains. Experimental observations are mainly based on XRD and SEM analyses.

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6

Xu, Juan, Li Li Jing, and Can Xiong Guo. "Preparation of the Novel Nanocomposite Biurea/Montmorillonite via In Situ Synthesis." Advanced Materials Research 486 (March 2012): 388–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.486.388.

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Using the urea intercalated montmorillonite (Urea/MMT) as the precursor, a novel nanocomposite biurea intercalated montmorillonite (Biurea/MMT) was prepared via the in-situ synthesis process through the introduction of hydrazine hydrate (HY). The resulted nanocomposites were characterized by using techniques such as XRD, FTIR, solid state NMR as well as thermal analyses, etc. The influence of the concentration of the HY on the products was also investigated. The XRD results showed the variation of the interlayer spacing of MMT from 1.51 nm to 1.71 nm for Urea/MMT. When the concentration of HY was low, the substitution of urea by HY was taken place which resulted in the decrease of the interlayer distance to 1.27nm. When the concentration increased to greater than 40%, the new phase with basal spacing of 1.75 nm was dominated. It indicated that a novel nanocomposite was synthesized in-situ. The solid state NMR results confirmed the in-situ formation of Biurea/MMT in which the chemical shifts of13C and15N of the intercalated biurea were slightly different from the bulk biurea. The intercalated biurea decomposed easily than those bulk powders due to the highly dispersion in the interlayer space of MMT.

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7

Susanti, Yuni, and Yeni Variyana. "Stabilitas Zeolit HY Hidrofobik terhadap Uji Hot Liquid Water (HLW)." Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU 10, no. 2 (September 18, 2021): 58–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/jtk.v10i2.6250.

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Initially, zeolite catalysts cannot be used for reactions involving hot liquid water, so it is necessary to modify the zeolite to be stable under these conditions. The synthesis of HY and hydrophobic zeolites aimed to determine the stability of zeolite in hot liquid water (HLW). The stability of zeolite in HLW is related to zeolite hydrophobicity. In this study, the main raw materials for the synthesis of HY zeolite were sodium aluminate (NaAlO2) and Ludox HS-40 by calcining the product at 350 oC for 1 hour. Furthermore, increasing the hydrophobicity of HY zeolite was carried out by modifying the external zeolite surface using organosilanes (aminopropyltriethoxysilane). The stability of two zeolites in HLW was set at 200 oC. Zeolite analysis used physical test and Fourier Transform-Infra Red (FTIR) Spectrometer. The results of the zeolite distribution in two phases confirmed that HY zeolite was completely dispersed in the water phase, while the zeolite one was dispersed in the organic phase. Moreover, the IR spectra of HY zeolite showed that the wide peak detection at wave number 720 cm-1 for beginning to disappear. This means that the HLW condition could be damaged to the d6r unit. Another result was shown by hydrophobic zeolite spectra with a stable peak for 72 hours. This indicates that the hydrophobic zeolite has thermal stability in HLW so that it can be used in chemical reaction catalytic applications that use on phase.

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8

Kogelbauer, A., M. Ocal, A. A. Nikolopoulos, J. G. Goodwin, and G. Marcelin. "MTBE Synthesis on Partially Alkali-Exchanged HY Zeolites." Journal of Catalysis 148, no. 1 (July 1994): 157–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jcat.1994.1197.

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9

Sapawe, Norzahir, and Muhammad Farhan Hanafi. "Facile one-pot electrosynthesis of high photoreactive hexacoordinated Si with Zr and Zn catalyst." RSC Advances 5, no. 92 (2015): 75141–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra13471d.

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10

Venu Gopal, D., and M. Subrahmanyam. "Selective synthesis of 3-isopropylindole over modified HY zeolites." Catalysis Communications 2, no. 10 (December 2001): 305–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1566-7367(01)00051-6.

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11

Kumbar, Suresh M., G. V. Shanbhag, and S. B. Halligudi. "Synthesis of monoallyl guaiacol via allylation using HY zeolite." Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical 244, no. 1-2 (February 2006): 278–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molcata.2005.09.032.

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12

Moreau, Patrice, Annie Finiels, Patrick Geneste, Frederic Moreau, and Jonis Solofo. "Shape-selective synthesis of 2,6-dicyclohexylnaphthalene over HY zeolites." Journal of Organic Chemistry 57, no. 18 (August 1992): 5040–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo00044a052.

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13

Fei, Jinhua, Zhaoyin Hou, Bing Zhu, Hui Lou, and Xiaoming Zheng. "Synthesis of dimethyl ether (DME) on modified HY zeolite and modified HY zeolite-supported Cu–Mn–Zn catalysts." Applied Catalysis A: General 304 (May 2006): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apcata.2006.02.019.

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14

Liang, Xuezheng, Shan Gao, Jianguo Yang, Caihua Liu, Xinyu Yu, and Mingyuan He. "Study on catalytic synthesis of 1,3-benzodioxoles by HY zeolite." Frontiers of Chemistry in China 2, no. 1 (March 2007): 31–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11458-007-0007-7.

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15

KOGELBAUER, A., M. OECAL, A. A. NIKOLOPOULOS, J. G. JUN GOODWIN, and G. MARCELIN. "ChemInform Abstract: MTBE Synthesis on Partially Alkali-Exchanged HY Zeolites." ChemInform 25, no. 44 (August 18, 2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199444087.

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16

YU, Xiang, Junhua WANG, Liwei ZHANG, Zhaoyin HOU, Jinhua FEI, and Xiaoming ZHENG. "Dimethyl Ether Synthesis from Methanol and Syngas over Different Sized HY Zeolite and Cu-Mn-Zn/HY Bifunctional Catalyst." CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS (CHINESE VERSION) 31, no. 5 (August 18, 2010): 591–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1088.2010.91105.

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17

Tessari, Paolo, Edward Kiwanuka, Monica Vettore, Rocco Barazzoni, Michela Zanetti, Diego Cecchet, and Rocco Orlando. "Phenylalanine and tyrosine kinetics in compensated liver cirrhosis: effects of meal ingestion." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 295, no. 3 (September 2008): G598—G604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00355.2007.

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We explored the mechanism(s) of increased aromatic amino acids concentrations in liver cirrhosis using phenylalanine (Phe) and tyrosine (Tyr) isotope infusions in male patients with compensated cirrhosis (five in Child Class A, three in B) and in eight matched healthy controls, in both postabsorptive and fed states. After a baseline period, a standard liquid mixed meal was fed continuously over 4 h. Both a “plasma” and an intracellular model were employed. In the patients, steady-state Phe and Tyr concentrations were ∼30–50% greater, and rates of Phe appearance (Ra) (plasma model), Tyr Ra, and Phe hydroxylation (Hy; both models) were ∼25 to >100% greater than in controls in both states. Meal ingestion increased ( P < 0.05 or less vs. basal) Phe and Tyr concentrations, Phe and Tyr Ra, Phe Hy, and % Tyr Ra not deriving from Hy in both groups. Hy and Tyr Ra remained >50% greater ( P < 0.04 to P < 0.01) in patients, whereas Phe Ra was more modestly increased. Phe utilization for protein synthesis increased similarly in both groups. Tyr clearance was normal, whereas Phe clearance tended to be lower ( P = 0.09, intracellular model) in the patients. In summary, in compensated liver cirrhosis studied under fasted and fed states, 1) Tyr Ra is increased; 2) Phe Hy and Phe Ra (plasma model) are increased; 3) Tyr clearance is normal; and 4) Phe clearance is slightly decreased. In conclusion, in cirrhosis increased total tyrosine Ra and hydroxylation contribute to fasting and postmeal hypertyrosinemia, whereas the mechanism(s) responsible for the hyperphenylalaninemia may include both increased production and decreased disposal.

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18

Wu, Chia-Shing, Yu-Sing Wu, and Yun Chen. "Water-soluble 1,2,4-triazole with diethylene glycol monoethyl ether groups: synthesis, characterization and application as an electron injection layer for PLEDs." Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 16, no. 19 (2014): 8927–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4cp00306c.

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19

Vityuk, Artem D., Oleg S. Alexeev, and Michael D. Amiridis. "Synthesis and characterization of HY zeolite-supported rhodium carbonyl hydride complexes." Journal of Catalysis 311 (March 2014): 230–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcat.2013.11.005.

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20

MOREAU, P., A. FINIELS, P. GENESTE, F. MOREAU, and J. SOLOFO. "ChemInform Abstract: Shape-Selective Synthesis of 2,6-Dicyclohexylnaphthalene over HY Zeolites." ChemInform 24, no. 5 (August 21, 2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199305157.

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21

Krisnandi, Yuni K., Indah R. Saragi, Riwandi Sihombing, Rizki Ekananda, Indah P. Sari, Benjamin E. Griffith, and John V. Hanna. "Synthesis and Characterization of Crystalline NaY-Zeolite from Belitung Kaolin as Catalyst for n-Hexadecane Cracking." Crystals 9, no. 8 (August 4, 2019): 404. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst9080404.

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Crystalline sodium Y (NaY) zeolite has been synthesized using alternative natural source of aluminate and silicate, extracted from natural Belitung kaolin. Prior to use, the natural kaolin was pretreated to obtain fragmented metakaolin and extracted silica. Synthesis was conducted with the addition of NaY gel (two types of NaY seeds were used, prepared from colloidal sillica or sodium silica water) using hydrothermal method for 21 h at 100 °C. The characterization on the as-synthesized zeolites confirmed that the one prepared using colloidal silica-seed has closer structure similarity to NaY zeolite that was synthesized using pro analysis silicate and aluminate sources. Thus, the rest of the synthesis of NaY was carried out using colloidal silica-NaY seed. The NaY zeolites then were converted to HY, through ammonium-exchange followed by calcination, to be tested as cracking catalysts using n-hexadecane as a probe molecule. It shows that HY from metakaolin and extracted silica gives high performance, i.e., n-hexadecane conversion of 58%–64%, also C5-C12 percentage yield and selectivity of 56%–62% and 98%. This work has shown the potential to utilize kaolin as alternative silicate aluminate sources for crystalline zeolite synthesis and to obtain inexpensive and environmentally friendly catalyst materials.

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22

Rahayu, Endang Sutriswati, Rokhmat Triyadi, Rosyida N. B. Khusna, Titiek Farianti Djaafar, Tyas Utami, Tri Marwati, and Retno Utami Hatmi. "Indigenous Yeast, Lactic Acid Bacteria, and Acetic Acid Bacteria from Cocoa Bean Fermentation in Indonesia Can Inhibit Fungal-Growth-Producing Mycotoxins." Fermentation 7, no. 3 (September 14, 2021): 192. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fermentation7030192.

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Cocoa bean fermentation is an important process in the manufacturing of cocoa products. It involves microbes, such as lactic acid bacteria, yeast, and acetic acid bacteria. The presence of mold in cocoa bean fermentation is undesired, as it reduces the quality and may produce mycotoxins, which can cause poisoning and death. Aspergillus niger is a fungus that produces ochratoxin A, which is often found in dried agricultural products such as seeds and cereals. In this study, we applied indigenous Candida famata HY-37, Lactobacillus plantarum HL-15, and Acetobacter spp. HA-37 as starter cultures for cocoa bean fermentation. We found that the use of L. plantarum HL-15 individually or in combination Candida famata HY-37, Lactobacillus plantarum HL-15, and Acetobacter spp. HA-37 as a starter for cocoa bean fermentation can inhibit the growth of A. niger YAC-9 and the synthesis of ochratoxin A during fermentation and drying. With biological methods that use indigenous Lactobacillus plantarum HL-15 individually or in combination with Candida famata HY-37 and Acetobacter spp. HA-37, we successfully inhibited contamination by ochratoxin-A-producing fungi. Thus, the three indigenous microbes should be used in cocoa bean fermentation to inhibit the growth of fungi that produce mycotoxins and thus improve the quality.

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23

Alaba, Peter Adeniyi, Yahaya Muhammad Sani, and Wan Mohd Ashri Wan Daud. "Synthesis and characterization of hierarchical nanoporous HY zeolites from acid-activated kaolin." Chinese Journal of Catalysis 36, no. 11 (November 2015): 1846–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1872-2067(15)60962-7.

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24

Egiebor, Nosa O., W. Charles Cooper, and B. W. Wojciechowski. "Synthesis of motor fuels from HY-zeolite supported Fischer-Tropsch iron catalysts." Applied Catalysis 55, no. 1 (November 1989): 47–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0166-9834(00)82316-7.

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25

Khivantsev, Konstantin, Artem Vityuk, Hristiyan A. Aleksandrov, Georgi N. Vayssilov, Douglas Blom, Oleg S. Alexeev, and Michael D. Amiridis. "Synthesis, Modeling, and Catalytic Properties of HY Zeolite-Supported Rhodium Dinitrosyl Complexes." ACS Catalysis 7, no. 9 (August 10, 2017): 5965–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acscatal.7b00864.

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26

Revita Saragi, Indah, Yuni Krisyuningsih Krisnandi, and Riwandi Sihombing. "Synthesis and Characterization HY Zeolite from Natural Aluminosilicate for n-Hexadecane Cracking." Materials Today: Proceedings 13 (2019): 76–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2019.03.191.

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27

Garrido Pedrosa, Anne M., Marcelo J. B. Souza, Dulce M. A. Melo, and Antonio S. Araujo. "Cobalt and nickel supported on HY zeolite: Synthesis, characterization and catalytic properties." Materials Research Bulletin 41, no. 6 (June 2006): 1105–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.materresbull.2005.11.010.

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28

Fernandez, Mireya, Cristina Barahona, Jorge Martinez, and Jose J. Minguell. "Changes in Collagen Synthesis hy Human Bone Marrow Fibroblasts with Progressive Subcultivation." Pathobiology 57, no. 5 (1989): 257–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000163535.

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29

Zare, Leila, Nosratollah Mahmoodi, Asieh Yahyazadeh, Manouchehr Mamaghani, and Khalil Tabatabaeian. "An efficient one-pot synthesis of pyridazinones and phthalazinones using HY-zeolite." Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry 48, no. 4 (April 15, 2011): 864–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhet.649.

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30

Tian, Jun, Ligong Chen, Chao Zhang, Xilong Yan, and Yang Li. "Effect of Alkali Treatment of HY Zeolite on Continuous Synthesis of Triacetonamine." Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry 52, no. 5 (July 31, 2014): 1377–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhet.2242.

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31

Vishwakarma, Chandrapal, Gopinathan Kumar Krishna, Riti Thapar Kapoor, Komal Mathur, Monika Dalal, Nagendra Kumar Singh, Trilochan Mohapatra, and Viswanathan Chinnusamy. "Physiological Analysis of Source–Sink Relationship in Rice Genotypes with Contrasting Grain Yields." Plants 13, no. 1 (December 23, 2023): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants13010062.

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Rice is a major staple food, and, hence, doubling its productivity is critical to sustain future food security. Improving photosynthesis, source–sink relationships and grain-filling mechanisms are promising traits for improvement in grain yield. To understand the source–sink relationship and grain yield, a set of contrasting rice genotypes differing in yield and biomass were studied for physiological, biochemical and gene-expression differences. The physiological and yield component traits of selected rice genotypes were analyzed in 2016 and 2017 under field conditions. This led to the categorization of genotypes as high yielding (HY) and high biomass, viz., Dular, Gontra Bidhan 3, Way Rarem, Patchai Perumal, Sahbhagi Dhan, Indira Barani Dhan-1, MTU1010, and Maudamani; while, low yielding (LY) and low biomass, viz. Anjali, Ghanteswari, Parijat, Khao Daw Tai, RKVY-104, Ghati Kamma Nangarhar, BAM4510 and BAM5850. The HY genotypes in general had relatively better values of yield component traits, higher photosynthetic rate (Pn) and chlorophyll (Chl) content. The study revealed that leaf area per plant and whole plant photosynthesis are the key traits contributing to high biomass production. We selected two good-performing (Sahbhagi Dhan and Maudamani) and two poor-performing (Ghanteswari and Parijat) rice genotypes for a detailed expression analysis of selected genes involved in photosynthesis, sucrose synthesis, transport, and starch synthesis in the leaf and starch metabolism in grain. Some of the HY genotypes had a relatively high level of expression of key photosynthesis genes, such as RbcS, RCA, FBPase, and ZEP over LY genotypes. This study suggests that traits, such as leaf area, photosynthesis and grain number, contribute to high grain yield in rice. These good-performing genotypes can be used as a donor in a breeding program aimed at high yields in rice.

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32

Chen, Y. Y., Y. L. Wang, W. K. Wang, Z. W. Zhang, X. M. Si, Z. J. Cao, S. L. Li, and H. J. Yang. "Beneficial effect of Rhodopseudomonas palustris on in vitro rumen digestion and fermentation." Beneficial Microbes 11, no. 1 (February 19, 2020): 91–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/bm2019.0044.

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As a member of photosynthetic bacteria, Rhodopseudomonas palustris, which has extraordinary metabolic versatility, has been applied as one of potential probiotics in feed industry. To explore whether R. palustris can increase rumen microbial viability and thus improve microbial fermentation, a 2×5 factorial experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of R. palustris at dose rates of 0, 1.3, 2.6, 3.9, 5.2×106 cfu/ml on ruminal fermentation of two representative total mixed rations (HY, a ration for high-yield (>32 kg/d) lactating cows; LY, a ration for low-yield (<25 kg/d) lactating cows). After a 48 h in vitro rumen incubation, both rations resulted in different fermentation characteristics. The HY in comparison with LY group presented greater in vitro dry matter disappearance (IVDMD), cumulative gas production (GP48) and total volatile fatty acids (VFA, P<0.01). Increasing R. palustris addition linearly increased IVDMD (P<0.01) and GP48 (P<0.05), and the IVDMD increment in response to R. palustris addition was greater in LY than HY group (6.4% vs 1.4%). Meanwhile, increasing R. palustris addition also linearly enhanced microbial protein synthesis and increased total VFA production (P<0.01), especially in LY group (up to 21.5% and 24.5% respectively). Unchanged acetate and declined propionate in molar percentage were observed in response to the R. palustris addition. Furthermore, increasing R. palustris addition altered fermentation gas composition in which molar O2 proportion in headspace of fermentation system was linearly reduced by 46.1% in LY and 32.9% in HY group, respectively (P<0.01), and methane production in both ration groups was enhanced by 1.9-4.1% (P=0.02). In summary, the R. palustris addition exhibited high potential for promoting the growth of rumen microorganism and enhancing microbial fermentation towards non-glucogenic energy supply by maintaining an anaerobic environment to microbe equilibrium.

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33

Abdullah, Abdul-Hfeedh A., Rasel A. A. Mukred, Hakim Q. N. Alarique, Yasmin M. S. Jamil, Abdulwareth A. Almoneafy, and Abdu K. Alssagheir. "Synthesis, Structures and Characterization of a Novel Schiff Base Ligand and their Three Homotrinuclear Metal Complexes and study bioactivity them." Albaydha University Journal 2, no. 3 (January 16, 2021): 129–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.56807/buj.v2i3.106.

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A novel N-isopropylidine hydrazinedithiocarbamate Schiff base [(CH3)2C=Hy-dtc] was used as stabilizer ligand for three homotrinuclear metal complexes prepared by condensation of ammonium hydrazinedithiocarbamate and acetone and to use them into in-situ reactions with metal chloride salts (M) in 3 : 2 molar ratio [M :L] in ethanol solution to yield Schiff base homotrinuclear metal complexes of the general formula is {M3[(CH3)2C=Hy-dtc]2(Cl)2(H2O)2} where M refers to Co(II) (1), Ni(II) (2) and Cu(II) (3). The structures of the metal complexes were characterized using elemental analysis, molar conductivity, FT-IR and UV-Vis spectroscopy and magnetic susceptibility measurements as well as MM2 theoretical calculations. The FT-IR spectra data suggest the Schiff base acts as a tetradentate attachment. Results confirmed that configuration around the central metal ion is the square planer and configuration around the two terminal metal ions distorted tetrahedral and their ammonium hydrazinedithiocarbamate ligand and Schiff base metal complexes showed different levels of in vitro inhibition activity against two bacterial species they Staphylococcus aureus (G+) and Escherichia coli (G-). Keywords: Novel Schiff Base; Spectral, Magnetic, Antimicrobial Activities and 3D Molecular Modeling. الملخص استعملت قاعدة شيف الجديدة n-ايزوبروبليدين هيدرازين ثنائي ثايوكارباميت [(CH3)2C=Hy-dtc] لاستقرار المعقدات الفلزية ثلاثية النوى المتجانسة التي حضرت بالتفاعل موضعيا و ذلك بتكاثف الاسيتون و الهيدرازين ثنائي ثايوكارباميت مع كلوريد الفلزات (M) و بنسبة مولية 2:3 (فلز : ليجاند) في محلول الايثانول لإنتاج معقدات قواعد شيف الفلزية ثلاثية النوى و التي تحمل الصيغة العامة {M3[(CH3)2C=Hy-dtc]2(Cl)2(H2O)2} حيث تمثل M ايونات الكوبلت (II) او النيكل (II) او النحاس (II). تراكيب المعقدات الفلزية لقاعدة شيف تم تشخيصها عن طرق التحليل الدقيق للعناصر والتوصيلية المولارية الكهربائية واطياف الاشعة تحت الحمراء والاطياف الالكترونية والحساسية المغناطيسية بالإضافة الى استخدام برنامج MM2 لحساب اطوال الروابط والزوايا. تشير قياسات طيف الأشعة تحت الحمراء إلى أن قاعدة شيف الجديدة تكون رباعية السن، كما تؤكد النتائج ان الترتيب حول ايون الفلز الوسطي مربع مستوى والترتيب حول ايوني الفلز في الاطراف رباعي سطوح مشوه، كذلك أظهر ليجاند امونيوم هيدرازين ثنائي ثايوكارباميت ومعقدات قواعد شيف الفلزية مستويات مختلفة من النشاط التثبيطي ضد نوعين من البكتيريا الموجبة (+G) للجرام (Staphylococcus aureus) والسالبة (-G) للجرام (Escherichia coli).

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Amati, Giuseppe, Paola Bisicchia, and Alessandro Galizzi. "DegU-P Represses Expression of the Motility fla-che Operon in Bacillus subtilis." Journal of Bacteriology 186, no. 18 (September 15, 2004): 6003–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.186.18.6003-6014.2004.

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ABSTRACT Bacillus subtilis implements several adaptive strategies to cope with nutrient limitation experienced at the end of exponential growth. The DegS-DegU two-component system is part of the network involved in the regulation of postexponential responses, such as competence development, the production of exoenzymes, and motility. The degU32(Hy) mutation extends the half-life of the phosphorylated form of DegU (DegU-P); this in turn increases the production of alkaline protease, levan-sucrase, and other exoenzymes and inhibits motility and the production of flagella. The expression of the flagellum-specific sigma factor SigD, of the flagellin gene hag, and of the fla-che operon is strongly reduced in a degU32(Hy) genetic background. To investigate the mechanism of action of DegU-P on motility, we isolated mutants of degU32(Hy) that completely suppressed the motility deficiency. The mutations were genetically mapped and characterized by PCR and sequencing. Most of the mutations were found to delete a transcriptional termination signal upstream of the main flagellar operon, fla-che, thus allowing transcriptional readthrough from the cod operon. Two additional mutations improved the σA-dependent promoter sequence of the fla-che operon. Using an electrophoretic mobility shift assay, we have demonstrated that purified DegU binds specifically to the PA promoter region of the fla-che operon. The data suggest that DegU represses transcription of the fla-che operon, and they indicate a central role of the operon in regulating the synthesis and assembly of flagella.

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Das, Biswanath, Bommena Ravikanth, Ravirala Ramu, and Bommena Vittal Rao. "An Efficient One-Pot Synthesis of Polyhydroquinolines at Room Temperature Using HY-Zeolite." CHEMICAL & PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN 54, no. 7 (2006): 1044–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1248/cpb.54.1044.

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Nikpassand, Mohammad, Manouchehr Mamaghani, Mohammad Ali Zanjanchi, Nosrat Olah Mahmoodi, and Massomeh Mirzaeinejad. "A convenient synthesis of 1,5-diarylpyrazoles from Baylis-Hillman adducts using HY-zeolite." Chinese Chemical Letters 21, no. 1 (January 2010): 5–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cclet.2009.07.020.

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Nikpassand, Mohammad, Manouchehr Mamaghani, and Khalil Tabatabaeian. "An Efficient One-Pot Three-Component Synthesis of Fused 1,4-Dihydropyridines Using HY-Zeolit." Molecules 14, no. 4 (April 8, 2009): 1468–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules14041468.

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Sivaguru, Paramasivam, Kaliyan Bhuvaneswari, Rangasamy Ramkumar, and Appaswami Lalitha. "Synthesis of 5-substituted 1H-tetrazoles catalyzed by ceric ammonium nitrate supported HY-zeolite." Tetrahedron Letters 55, no. 41 (October 2014): 5683–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tetlet.2014.08.066.

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Zendehdel, Mojgan, Mohammad Ali Bodaghifard, Hakimeh Behyar, and Zohreh Mortezaei. "Alkylaminopyridine-grafted on HY Zeolite: Preparation, characterization and application in synthesis of 4H-Chromenes." Microporous and Mesoporous Materials 266 (August 2018): 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.micromeso.2018.02.052.

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Ni, Xiaoming, Yisheng Tan, Yizhuo Han, and Noritatsu Tsubaki. "Synthesis of isoalkanes over Fe–Zn–Zr/HY composite catalyst through carbon dioxide hydrogenation." Catalysis Communications 8, no. 11 (November 2007): 1711–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.catcom.2007.01.023.

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Bayense, C. R., J. H. C. van Hooff, J. W. de Haan, L. J. M. van de Ven, and A. P. M. Kentgens. "Introduction of gallium in HZSM5 and HY zeolites by post-synthesis treatment with trimethylgallium." Catalysis Letters 17, no. 3-4 (September 1993): 349–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00766158.

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Zare, Leila, Nosratollah Mahmoodi, Asieh Yahyazadeh, Manouchehr Mamaghani, and Khalil Tabatabaeian. "ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient One-Pot Synthesis of Pyridazinones and Phthalazinones Using HY-Zeolite." ChemInform 42, no. 50 (November 17, 2011): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.201150145.

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Yao, Kemin, Lezhen Cai, Zhengcao Bao, Lianfang Shen, and Qingping Tian. "SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF LANTHANIDE COMPLEXES WITH DIETHYLENE GLYCOL DI(O-HY-DROXYPHENYL) ETHER." Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry 9, no. 2 (April 1, 1992): 12–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/j.issn.1000-0518.1992.2.12.

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Yao, Kemin, Lezhen Cai, Zhengcao Bao, Lianfang Shen, and Qingping Tian. "SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF LANTHANIDE COMPLEXES WITH DIETHYLENE GLYCOL DI(O-HY-DROXYPHENYL) ETHER." Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry 9, no. 2 (April 1, 1992): 12–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/j.issn.1000-0518.1992.2.1217.

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Helmanto, Fachri, and Helmia Tasti Adri. "Microlearning Framework in Thematic Teaching Based on Hy-Flex Approach at the Indonesian Primary School." DIDAKTIKA TAUHIDI: Jurnal Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar 10, no. 1 (April 29, 2023): 95–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.30997/dt.v10i1.8143.

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Hy-Flex approach provides space for teachers and students to optimize their potential during the education process. Learning in primary schools requires a framework that can accommodate the mapping of learning needs, especially in Indonesia, with the diversity and demands of the proclaimed competencies. This research aims to formulate a microlearning framework in thematic teaching based on the Hy-Flex approach at the primary school level in Indonesia. This research uses a meta-synthesis research method with a meta-aggregation approach to research within the last 15 years. Data were analyzed by elaborating on topics, selecting research, categorizing findings and synthesizing themes to produce research answers. The results of this study reveal that the framework of microlearning is divided into three things: nature, characteristics, and methods. As a complement, this research also presents a sample of microlearning in grade 3. This research has an added value in the form of an acronym for microlearning characteristics (MAKOKODESI) and microlearning development methods (IKUT). This research recommends a number of studies that encourage the development of microlearning teaching materials in primary schools from grade 1 to grade 6.

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Carter, Daniel C., Florian Riiker, Joseph X. Ho, Kap Lim, Kim Keeling, Gary Gilliland, and Xinhua Ji. "Fusion Proteins as Alternate Crystallization Paths to Difficult Structure Problems." Protein & Peptide Letters 1, no. 3 (November 1994): 175–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929866501666220425002811.

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The three-dimensional structure of a peptide fusion product with glutathione transferase from Schisro.wma japonicum (SjGST) has been solved by crystallographic methods to 2.5 Å resolution. Pcptidcs or proteins can he fused to SjGST and expressed in a plasmid for rapid synthesis in <i>Escherichia coli</i>. Fusion proteins created hy this commercial method can be purified rapidly by chromatography on immobilized glutathione. The potential utility of using SjGST fusion proteins as alternate paths to the crystallization and structure determination of proteins is demonstrated.

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XU, Hua, Hongkai DENG, Huayao CHEN, Hongjun ZHOU, Xinhua ZHOU, and Xia PU. "One Step Synthesis, Characterization of Modified Montmorillonite with Hydrothermal-Assist for Triazolone Sustained Release System with pH Sensitivity." Materials Science 26, no. 4 (August 17, 2020): 451–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ms.26.4.22019.

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Montmorillonite K-10 clay (MMT) was surface-modified by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and grafted with KH-550 coupling agent to construct "Hy-MMT" organic modified structure in one step with hydrothermal-assist. Different sustained release systems were prepared through changing the temperature during the hydrothermal process. The characterization results illustrated the mechanism of the hydrothermal assist in intercalation during the organic modification. It was also proved that the triazolone loaded in the sustained release system existed as homogeneous in the pores as amorphous state by DSC analysis. According to SEM and TEM observation, the surface of original MMT or modified MMT without hydrothermal assist presented rough particles, which belonged to the SDS and KH-550 without intercalation into the layer structure which is in accordance with the contact angles of the samples. The experimental results indicated that the adsorption capacity (AC) of Hy-60-MMT showed the best due to its mild react condition the successfully intercalated by SDS and KH-550 by the assist of the hydrothermal treatment. Its AC for triazolone was significantly increased to 29.8 mg/g comparing to MMT without modification which showed no capacity for triazolone adsorption. The as-synthesized system also showed significant pH sensitivity with a sequence of pH = 7 > pH = 3 > pH = 5 > pH = 9 in release speed indicating that the sustained release system can be well stored in mild acid or basic environment and activated while sprayed into earth or plants under neutral condition.

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Zhang, Minglong, Ganesan Ramya, Kathirvel Brindhadevi, Ashraf Elfasakhany, Amany Salah Khalifa, Changlei Xia, S. Manigandan, and Arivalagan Pugazhendhi. "Comparison of cracking activity of the core-shell composite MCM-41/HY & MCM-48/HY catalysts in the synthesis of organic liquid fuel from Mahua oil." Environmental Research 205 (April 2022): 112474. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2021.112474.

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Alaba, Peter Adeniyi, Yahaya Muhammad Sani, Isah Yakub Mohammed, Yousif Abdalla Abakr, and Wan Mohd Ashri Wan Daud. "Synthesis of hierarchical nanoporous HY zeolites from activated kaolin, a central composite design optimization study." Advanced Powder Technology 28, no. 5 (May 2017): 1399–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apt.2017.03.008.

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Teprovich, Joseph A., Matthew S. Wellons, Robert Lascola, Son-Jong Hwang, Patrick A. Ward, Robert N. Compton, and Ragaiy Zidan. "Synthesis and Characterization of a Lithium-Doped Fullerane (Lix-C60-Hy) for Reversible Hydrogen Storage." Nano Letters 12, no. 2 (January 10, 2012): 582–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/nl203045v.

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