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Gomez, Consarnau Rafael J. "A Simplified Methodology for Validating the Hyper-Viscoelastic (HVE) Dynamic Response." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10837944.
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This thesis presents a mathematical modeling process for characterizing a hyperelastic material with viscous response under dynamic loading conditions. The model is designed with the advantage of performing only one compressive dynamic test in order to provide the requisite parameters to fully determine the hyper-viscoelastic response. This is achieved in both deformations and contact forces, using digital image correlation and force sensors. Experiments performed at strain rates ranging from 10–3–10 2 s–1 correlate with computational simulations at the same loading rates up to 80% compression. The validity of the fit and prediction is assessed using MATLAB along with ABAQUS finite element software.
The results provided by this novel methodology, i.e. the mathematical model using non-homogeneous deformations and the subsequent dynamic experimental techniques, proves that this approach is a more effective alternative to the current standards used to characterize the mechanical response of hyperelastic, viscoelastic, and hyper-viscoelastic materials.
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Wang, Molin 1975. "Globalization and higher vocational education (HVE) in China : a case study in Shanghai." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=102767.
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In China, higher vocational education (HVE) is a specific educational form in terms of its the educational goals, management structure, and close relationship with the economy. During the past quarter century, China has experienced not only a substantial increase in economic progress, but also the influence of globalization on its political, socio-economic, and educational development. This thesis examines how HVE has changed since the emergence of a socialist market economy (SME) in 1992. It interprets the relationship between globalization and HVE in terms of actual changes that have occurred at the Vocational College of Shanghai Jiaotong University (VCSJTU).The thesis is significant for three reasons. First, it generates useful insights into the process of HVE policy implementation in China since its economic transformation in the early 1990s, and interprets the relationship between globalization, SME, and HVE. The case study also generates insights which can contribute to understanding HVE policy on learning in relation to the context of the economic situation within China and the impact of globalization. Second, the thesis puts special emphasis on analyzing the culture and value changes in VCSJTU since its foundation and explores the deep roots between different values and their implications for people's understanding and appreciation of globalization in the school context. Third, the academic contributions of this case study include theoretical frames of reference on culture, education, and economic globalization. In particular, the study outlines and analyzes (with reflections) the experience gained during the internal economic transformations within China---an analysis which contributes to the international sociology of education, to an understanding of the values within education in relation to the impact of globalization.
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Garcia, José Antonio Dias. "Efeito antiinflamatorio da S-nitroso-N-acetilcisteina (SNAC) na hipertrofia ventricular esquerda (HVE) em camundongos hipercolesterolemicos knockout para o receptor de LDL (LDLr-/-)." [s.n.], 2006. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/314562.
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Orientadores: Marta Helena Krieger, Regina Celia Spadari-BratfischTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-08T07:50:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Garcia_JoseAntonioDias_D.pdf: 1987747 bytes, checksum: 1ec8d731703522ccf42a42dafd7b13a7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006
Resumo: Recentemente demonstrou-se que S-nitroso-N-acetilcisteína (SNAC) atenua o desenvolvimento da placa de aterosclerose na aorta em cerca de 55% de camundongos deficientes do receptor de lipoproteína de baixa densidade (LDLr-/-). O presente estudo teve como objetivo: i) verificar se a deleção do gene do receptor de LDL pode alterar o perfil hemodinâmico e a resposta inotrópica do coração a agentes adrenérgicos; ii) determinar a capacidade do SNAC na prevenção das alterações estruturais e funcionais do miocárdio e; iii) verificar o efeito do SNAC na pressão arterial de camundongos hipercolesterolêmicos. Camundongos machos C57BL6 (Wild Type = WT) e camundongos LDLr-/- (S) foram alimentados com dieta comercial por 15 dias. Em relação aos camundongos WT, os camundongos S apresentaram aumento de 11% na pressão arterial, diminuição de 62% na contratilidade do átrio esquerdo, e aumento na expressão do CD40L e redução na expressão de NOSe no tecido ventricular esquerdo. Camundongos LDLr-/- alimentados com dieta enriquecida em 1,25% de colesterol, 20% de gordura e 0,5% de ácido cólico por 15dias (Chol) apresentaram hipertrofia ventricular esquerda (HVE) comparados aos camundongos S, a qual foi caracterizada por: a) aumento de 1,25 vezes na razão entre o peso ventricular esquerdo (mg) e o peso corporal (g) (4,17±0,09 vs 3,34±0,07 mg/g, respectivamente; p< 0,05); b) aumento do diâmetro dos cardiomiócitos (25±0,6 vs 19±0,7 µm, p<0.05); c) aumento na expressão das isoformas das NOS (óxido nítrico sintases) e hiperexpressão do CD40L; d) aumento do depósito de colágeno; e) sem alterações na performance contrátil do átrio esquerdo e na responsividade à noradrenalina. A administração do SNAC aos camundongos Chol (chol+SNAC) (0,51 µmol/kg/dia, i.p.), preveniu o aumento na razão do peso ventricular esquerdo (mg) e o peso corporal (g) (3.38±0.23 mg/g), no diâmetro dos cardiomiócitos (20±0.7 µm), no deposito de colágeno, na expressão das isoformas da NOS e a hiperexpressão do CD40L. O SNAC não apresentou efeito no aumento da pressão arterial e nem sobre a hipocontratilidade, mas recuperou a responsividade para noradrenalina. Em conclusão, o presente estudo demonstrou que camundongos com deleção do gene do receptor LDL apresentaram hipertensão e marcada redução contrátil. Essas características podem estar relacionados com o estresse oxidativo resultante do processo inflamatório e da hipoexpressão da NOSe. A dieta hiperlipídica promoveu hipertrofia ventricular esquerda (HVE), devida ao aumento nos processos inflamatório e oxidativo. O SNAC impediu o desenvolvimento da HVE por mecanismos que envolveram efeito antiinflamatório (detectado pela diminuição na expressão do CD40L), a hiperexpressão das NOS, a redução das alterações estruturais ventriculares induzidas pela hipercolesterolemia de maneira independente da hipertensão. No presente estudo, a necessidade de quantificar as análises histológicas exigiu a validação de um software interativo para analisar imagens de amostras teciduais. O software foi projetado para permitir que o usuário altere os tipos de coloração vermelha, verde e azul (RGB) para uma cor padrão que possa ser usada para segmentar a imagem e calcular a fração da área de interesse. Os resultados obtidos com a contagem manual e com a contagem feita com o uso do software foram similares, indicando que são métodos alternativos confiáveis para análises quantitativas de cortes histológicos. Entretanto, o software permite processar as imagens de maneira eficiente e confiável, além de reproduzir o corte tecidual em um menor tempo, e pode ser executado com o microscópio e o computador padrão
Abstract: Recently, it has been that S-nitroso-N-acetylcysteine (SNAC) attenuate in 55% the plaque development in low-density lipoprotein-receptor-deficient (LDLr-/-) mice fed a hypercholesterolemic diet for 15 days. The present study was designed to verify whether deletion of the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor gene may affect the hemodynamic profile and adrenergic inotropic cardiac responses and, particularly, to identify the ability of SNAC to prevent the myocardial alterations and hypertension in hypercholesterolemic mice. C57BL6 wild-type (WT) and LDLr-/- male mice (S) were fed a commercial diet for 15 days. Control mice (S) showed 11 % blood pressure increase, 62% left atrial contractility decrease, CD40L overexpression and eNOS underexpression in comparison to WT. LDLr-/- mice which were fed for 15 days with 1,25% cholesterol, 20% of fat and 0.5% of colic acid enriched diet (Chol), showed significant left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) versus S, which was characterized by: a) 1.25-fold increase in the LV weight (mg)/body weight (g) ratio (4.17±0.09 vs. 3.34±0.07 mg/g, respectively; p<0.05); b) increased cardiomyocyte diameter (25±0.6 vs. 19±0.7 µm, p<0.05); c) enhanced expression of the constitutive and inducible NOS isoforms and CD40L;d) increased collagen deposit; e) no alteration in the atrial contractile performance or responsiveness to norepinephrine. Administration of SNAC to Chol mice ( Chol +SNAC) (0.51 µmol/kg/day, for 15day, i.p.) prevented increases in the left ventricular weight/body weight ratio (3.38±0.23 mg/g), cardiomyocyte diameter (20±0.7 µm), collagen deposit, NOS isoforms and CD40L overexpression, but had no effect on increased blood pressure or atrial basal hypocontractility, although it recovered responsiveness to norepinephrine. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that the deletion of the LDL receptor gene in mice determined hypertension and a marked left atrial contractile deficit. These findings may be related to oxidative stress, resulting from inflammation and eNOS underexpression. High-cholesterol diet promoted LVH in LDLr-/- mice associated with enhanced inflammatory and oxidant processes. SNAC prevented LVH by processes that involved decreased CD40L expression and NOS overexpression effects attenuating the ventricular structural alterations induced by hypercholesterolemia independent of hypertension. Histological quantization demanded the development of interactive software for image analysis of tissue samples. The software was designed to allow a user-oriented change of a chosen red, green and blue (RGB) staining in a standardized color that can be used to segment the image and calculate the fractional area of interest. Thus the method allows efficient, reliable and reproducible processing of tissue sections that is less time-consuming than conventional methods and can be performed with standard microscope and computer
Doutorado
Fisiologia
Doutor em Biologia Funcional e Molecular
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Bispo, Vanderson da Silva. "Investigação dos mecanismos biológicos de detoxificação de aldeídos α,β- insaturados em ratos SODG93A modelo para ALS." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/46/46131/tde-07122015-105825/.
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A lipoperoxidação gera diversas espécies carbonílicas altamente reativas dentre as quais se destacam acroleína (ACR), malondialdeído (MDA), 4-hidroxi-2-hexenal (HHE) e 4-hidroxi-2-nonenal (HNE). A principal via endógena de metabolização desses compostos é através de conjugação com glutationa por ação da glutationa-S-tranferase. Contudo, diversos trabalhos têm mostrado que dipeptídeos contendo histidina, tal como a carnosina (CAR), também podem formar conjugados com aldeídos e auxiliar na detoxificação desses compostos. Em nosso trabalho adutos de CAR com ACR, HHE, HHEd5, HNE e HNEd11 foram sintetizados, purificados e caracterizados. A reação da CAR com ACR foi estudada em detalhes. Resultados mostraram que a carnosina reage com acroleína formando 03 produtos principais: m/z = 265, m/z = 283 e m/z = 303, sendo este último mais estável e mais abundante. Dados de RMN H1, COSY e HSQC permitiram elucidar a estrutura dessa molécula (m/z = 303) e propor uma rota de reação. Em seguida, uma metodologia baseada em cromatografia líquida acoplada à espectrometria de massas do tipo \"Ion Trap\" (ESI+ HPLC/MS-MS) foi desenvolvida e validada para quantificação simultânea dos adutos sintetizados. Pelo método desenvolvido é possível quantificar com precisão 25 pmol de CAR-HHE, 1 pmol de CAR-ACR e 1 pmol de CAR-HNE com um coeficiente de variação de aproximadamente 10 % e acurácia de 98 % (HHEd5 e HNEd11 foram usados como padrão interno). Análise em urina de adultos não fumantes mostraram que os produtos sintetizados estão presentes na urina de humanos em concentrações de 3,6 ± 1,4; 2,3 ± 1,5 e 1,3 ± 0,5 nmol / mg de creatinina, respectivamente para CAR-ACR, CAR-HHE e CAR-HNE. Em ratos transgênicos SODG93A modelo para esclerose lateral amiotrófica (ELA), a suplementação da dieta dos animais com 35 ± 5 mg carnosina/animal/semana melhorou a manutenção do peso e a sobrevida dos animais. Análises dos adutos sintetizados em amostras de músculo sugerem que a metabolização de aldeídos esteja comprometida nesses animais e que a carnosina poderia funcionar como \"scavenger\" para esses compostos. Esses resultados comprovam que dipeptídeos de histidina atuam na detoxificação de compostos carbonílicos e participa de suas vias de excreção. Além disso, a caracterização da estrutura e desenvolvimento de método sensível de detecção abre a possibilidade de utilização desses adutos como biomarcadores de estresse redox e exposição a aldeídos.Lipid peroxidation generates reactive carbonyl species, including 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE), acrolein (ACR), 4-hydroxy-2-hexenal (HHE) and malondialdehyde (MDA). One major pathway of aldehyde detoxification in vivo is through conjugation with glutathione catalyzed by glutathione-S-transferases or, alternatively, by conjugation with endogenous histidine containing dipeptides, such as carnosine (CAR). The reaction of CAR with ACR was investigated in an effort to assess its possible biological role. One stable adduct was isolated by reverse-phase HPLC and characterized on the basis of extensive spectroscopic measurements. The proposed reaction route for product formation involves the reaction of the CAR amino group with ACR via a Schiff base formation followed by dehydration and cyclization through Michael addition in the imidazole ring forming an instable compound with m/z = 265. The subsequent reaction with another molecule of ACR followed by cyclization gives rise to the final product with m/z = 303.A highly sensitive method involving HPLC-MS analysis was developed for the simultaneous accurate quantification of CAR- ACR, CAR-HHE and CAR-HNE adducts in human urinary samples from non-smoking adults. This methodology permits quantification of 10 pmol CAR-HHE and 1 pmol of CAR-ACR and CAR-HNE. Adduct levels in urine were 3.6 ± 1.4, 2.3 ± 1.5, 1.3 ± 0.5 nmol/mg of creatinine, respectively to CAR-ACR, CAR-HHE and CAR-HNE. In SODG93A transgenic rats model to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), the food supplementation of the animals with 35 ± 5 mg carnosine/animal/week improve de body weight and the life span of the ALS treated group. Analysis of the synthesized adducts in muscle sample showed suggest than aldehyde metabolization is compromised in this animals and that may be carnosine work like a scavenger for these compounds. Our results indicate that carnosine adduction can be an important detoxification route of α,β -unsaturated aldehydes. Moreover, carnosine adducts quantification may be useful as redox stress indicator in vivo.
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Pudupakam, Raghavendra Sumanth Kumar. "Understanding the Role of the Hypervariable Region in the Open Reading Frame 1 of the Hepatitis E virus in Viral Replication." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/77083.
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Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a major cause of enterically transmitted acute viral hepatitis in developing countries that lack proper hygienic infrastructure. Hepatitis E is globally distributed and has emerged as an important public health disease in both developing and industrialized countries. HEV is a non-enveloped virus carrying a single-stranded positive-sense RNA genome of approximately 7.200 bp in length. The life cycle of HEV is poorly understood due to the lack of an efficient cell culture system. Animal model systems, including non-human primates, swine, and chickens are being used to study some fundamental aspects of the HEV biology. Recently, novel animal strains of rat and rabbit HEV have been discovered, and whose usage as animal model systems needs to be established. HEV infections in pigs and chickens provide excellent model systems to study the replication and pathogenesis aspects of HEV. Recently, we identified a hypervariable region (HVR) in the open reading frame 1 (ORF1) of HEV. The objectives of this dissertation were to utilize chicken and swine model systems to study the role of HVR in HEV infection in vivo, to determine the effects of HVR on replication of HEV in vitro, and to analyze the effect of exchange of HVR among different genotypes on the replication-competency and virion production in vitro.
Extensive sequence variability in the HVR among HEV strains of different genotypes prompted us to study the dispensability of this region. Initially we constructed two partial deletion mutants of genotype 1 human HEV, hHVRd1 and hHVRd2, with in-frame deletion of amino acids (aa) 711 to 777 and 747 to 761 in the HVR of a sub-genomic GFP HEV replicon. Expression of enhanced green fluorescent protein by the mutant hHVRd2 confirmed the dispensability of amino acid residues 747-761 of the HVR. To confirm our in vitro results, specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chickens were intra-hepatically inoculated with capped RNA transcripts from three avian HEV HVR-deletion mutants: mutants aHVRd1 (Δ557-585), aHVRd2 (Δ612-641), and aHVRd3 (Δ557-641). Chickens intra-hepatically inoculated with the mutants, aHVRd1 and aHVRd2, developed active viral infection as evidenced by seroconversion, viremia, and fecal virus shedding. Mutant aHVRd3, with a larger HVR deletion, was apparently attenuated in chickens. Additionally, we used the swine model system to further verify our results from the chicken study. The infectivity of four genotype 3 swine HEV HVR-deletion mutants, sHVRd1 (Δ712-790), sHVRd2 (Δ722-781), sHVRd3 (Δ735-765), and sHVRd4 (Δ712-765) constructed using the genotype 3 swine HEV as the backbone was determined in SPF pigs. Pigs intra-hepatically inoculated with capped RNA transcripts from the mutants sHVRd2, sHVRd3, and sHVRd4 developed active viral infection, whereas mutant sHVRd1 (Δ712-790), with a nearly complete HVR deletion, exhibited an attenuation phenotype. The data from these studies indicate that deletions in HVR do not abolish HEV infectivity in vitro or in vivo, although evidence for attenuation was observed for HEV mutants with a larger or nearly complete HVR deletion.
To further elucidate the role of HVR in HEV replication, we investigated the effects of serial amino acid deletions in HVR on the replication of HEV. We first constructed a genotype 1 human HEV luciferase replicon by replacing the ORF2 gene that encodes for the capsid protein with the fire fly luciferase reporter gene. Using the backbone of human HEV genotype 1 luciferase replicon, we constructed a series of HVR-deletion mutants with deletions of variable lengths in the HVR. Amino acid deletions Δ711-725, 711-740 and Δ711-750 were engineered at the N-terminus, deletions Δ729-754, Δ721-766, and Δ716-771 were engineered in the central region, and deletions Δ761-775, Δ746-775, and Δ736-775 were engineered at C-terminus of the HVR. The effects of these serial deletions on HEV RNA replication in the human liver carcinoma cell line, Huh7, were examined. Replication levels of mutants carrying these deletions were compared with that of the wild-type HEV in Huh7 cells. We observed that deletions in the HVR did not abolish viral RNA synthesis but substantially reduced the replication levels of viral RNA, as measured by the reporter luciferase activity. To further verify the effects of HVR deletions on viral RNA replication as observed with the genotype 1 human HEV replicon, we subsequently used a genetically-distinct strain of HEV, avian HEV, and constructed an avian HEV sub-genomic luciferase replicon by substituting the ORF2 gene of avian HEV with the fire fly luciferase gene. Avian HEV HVR-deletion mutants Δ557-603, Δ566-595, and Δ573-587 were then engineered using the backbone of avian HEV luciferase replicon. The replication efficiency of the three deletion mutants of avian HEV in chicken liver hepatoma cell line, LMH, was evaluated. Compared with the wild-type avian HEV, the viral RNA synthesis of the avian HEV HVR-deletion mutants was considerably reduced by the HVR deletions. To analyze the impact of the complete HVR deletion on avian HEV infectivity, we constructed an avian HEV mutant with a deletion of the entire HVR region (aaΔ557-603) using the avian HEV infectious cDNA clone as the backbone. After confirming the viability of the complete HVR-deletion mutant in LMH cells, SPF chickens were intrahepatically inoculated with capped RNA transcripts generated from the mutant. None of the chickens inoculated with the complete HVR-deletion mutant showed evidence of HEV infection, indicating that drastic reduction in replication levels due to complete HVR deletion has resulted in the loss of virus infectivity. The results indicated that HVR may have critical residues that may interact with viral/and or host factors and modulate the replication efficiency of HEV.
In the final part of the dissertation research, we sought to determine if the variable sequences of HVR are genotype-specific for in vitro virus replication. By using the genotype 1 human HEV as the backbone, we swapped the HVR of genotype 1 human HEV with the HVRs of the genotype 3 swine HEV and the distantly-related avian HEV to construct two inter-genotypic chimeras, pSKHEV2-Sw and pSKHEV2-Av. Similarly, by using the genotype 3 swine HEV as the backbone, the HVR of genotype 3 swine HEV was swapped with the HVR of genotype 1 human HEV to construct the chimera, pSHEV3-Hu. The viability of these chimeras was tested in Huh7 cells that are permissive for HEV replication. Immunofluorescence assay (IFA) with anti-HEV antibodies revealed that all the three chimeras were replication-competent in Huh7 cells. The infectivity of these chimeras was subsequently evaluated in HepG2 cells. The results showed that exchange of the HVR between different genotypes of mammalian HEVs does not abolish the replication competency and infectivity of HEV. This finding suggests that HVR is not genotype-specific with respect to viral replication and infectivity. The absence of detectable viral antigen in HepG2 cells infected with chimera pSKHEV2-Av suggested a functional incompatibility of the HVR of avian HEV in the mammalian HEV genome.
In summary, we identified a highly variable sequence, HVR, in the ORF1 of the HEV genome, and the sequences of the HVR vary significantly among HEV strains of different genotypes. We found that the HVR contain sequences that are dispensable for virus infectivity both in vitro and in vivo. Deletion analysis of HVR revealed that the region may play a role in modulating the replication efficiency of HEV RNA by interacting with viral and/or host factors. Finally, we demonstrated that HVR is not genotype-specific for virus replication and the region can be functionally replaced between mammalian HEV genotypes for virus replication and virion production in vitro. The results from this dissertation research have important implications for better understanding the biology and mechanism of HEV replication and may aid in our efforts to eventually develop a modified live-attenuated vaccine against HEV.Ph. D.
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Menezes, Adriana Pereira Domarques de. "Modificações em proteínas induzidas por compostos eletrofílicos. possível papel em esclerose lateral amiotrófica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/46/46131/tde-26042018-142018/.
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Danos em biomoléculas podem ocorrer a partir de uma interação direta entre as biomoléculas e espécies reativas de oxigênio e nitrogênio como também, pela reação de produtos secundários dessas espécies como eletrófilos gerados na peroxidação lipídica. Alguns desses produtos secundários possuem estabilidade química maior que as espécies reativas das quais foram derivadas e podem se ligar covalentemente as biomoléculas comprometendo o funcionamento normal das mesmas. Portanto, modificações em proteínas por aldeídos gerados na lipoperoxidação têm sido investigadas por suas implicações com desordens patológicas relacionadas à agregação proteica, e modificações em diversas vias de sinalização amplificando os efeitos deletérios em sistemas biológicos. Os objetivos desse trabalho foi contribuir na elucidação dos mecanismos moleculares associados ao desenvolvimento da esclerose lateral amiotrófica (ELA) através da identificação, caracterização e quantificação de modificações póstraducionais em proteínas pelos aldeídos 4-hidroxi-2-hexenal (HHE) e trans-4-hidroxi-2-nonenal (HNE) in vitro (citocromo c) e in vivo (modelo ELA) a partir de técnicas de Western blot, imunoprecipitação e espectrometria de massa com abordagem proteômica de \"shotgun\" em ratosSOD1G93A modelo de esclerose lateral amiotrófica (ELA). Estudos com citocromo c mostraram a ligação dos aldeídos ao citocromo c e mecanismos de reação foram propostos. Foram encontrados seis peptídeos modificados por HHE e um para o HNE, e o peptídeo TGPNLHGLFGR se mostrou modificado pelos dois aldeídos paralelamente. Foi demonstrado que a histidina 33 é um \"hot spot\" frente as adições pelos aldeídos. Nas análises por western blot das proteínas ligadas a aldeídos foi possível observar uma tendência de aumento na concentração de proteínas ligadas ao HNE nos animais ELA, mais acentuada nas amostras de 70 dias comparadas ao controle. Com relação aos resultados obtidos com HHE tanto os animais pré-sintomáticos quanto os sintomáticos não apresentaram diferenças de HHE-proteína, tantonos controles quanto nos animais ELA. Nas amostras dos animais sintomáticos não detectamos diferença significativa na concentração de aldeído-proteína entre os grupos. Já as análises proteômicas revelaram 24 proteínas diferencialmente expressas, com destaque para proteínas com os maiores valores de significância (p-value), como a ubiquitina no grupo dos pré- sintomáticos e a neurogranina, no grupo dos animais sintomáticos e várias proteínas de metabolismo energético, de neurofilamentos, proteínas de processos redox e proteínas ligadas o metabolismo de cálcio (fundamentais na fisiopatologia em ELA). Algumas proteínas importantes foram encontradas com exclusividades nos grupos pré-sintomáticos e sintomáticos pelo diagrama de Venn. Com relação a proteínas modificadas pelos aldeídos, foram encontradas algumas relevantes como a proteína 2 de interação com a polimerase delta que foi modificada por HNE via adição de Michael encontrada nos animais ELA pré-sintomáticos e sintomáticos, a catalase que foi encontrada modificada por HNE via base de Schiff apenas nos ELA pré- sintomáticos, e a tiol redutase induzível por interferon gama no grupo dos animais ELA sintomáticos. Com relação a proteínas modificadas por HHE, foram encontradas a Janus quinase e proteína 3 de interação com microtúbulo, modificadas tanto por adição de Michael quanto via base de Schiff nos animais ELA sintomáticos. É interessante ressaltar que algumas modificações encontradas em proteínas não caracterizadas podem indicar proteínas novas ainda não descritas como modificadas por esses aldeídos. Os resultados mostram que algumas das proteínas modificadas por HNE e HHE encontradas neste trabalho, estão relacionadas ao estresse redox, vias metabólicas energéticas, proteínas envolvidas na resposta a danos oxidativos, e processos inflamatórios. Tais modificações ocorrem não só no modelo de neurodegeneração, mas foram previamente descritas em outros processos patológicos, como doença cardiovascular, lesão hepática por uso crônico de álcool.Damage to biomolecules can occur from a direct interaction between biomolecules and reactive of oxygen and nitrogen species as well as from the reaction of secondary products of these species as electrophiles generated in lipid peroxidation. Some of these by-products have greater chemical stability than the derived reactive species and can bind to biomolecules compromising their normal function. Therefore, protein modifications by aldehydes generated during lipoperoxidation have been investigated for their implications with pathological disorders related to protein aggregation and modifications in signaling pathways amplifying the deleterious effects in biological systems. The aim of this work was to contribute to the elucidation of the molecular mechanisms associated with the development of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) through the identification, characterization and quantification of posttranslational modifications in proteins by 4-hydroxy-2-hexenal (HHE) and trans-4-hydroxy-2- nonenal (HNE) in vitro, cytochrome c, and in vivo, rat model (SOD1G93A) of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), throught Western blot techniques, and mass spectrometry with shotgun proteomics approach. The results showed the binding of aldehydes to cytochrome c. Six peptides were modified by HHE and one by HNE. The peptide TGPNLHGLFGR was modified by the two aldehydes. Histidine 33 has been shown to be a hot spot against aldehydes additions. By western blot analysis of the aldehyde-bound proteins, it was possible to observe a tendency of increase in the concentration of HNE-bound proteins in the ALS animals, more pronounced in the samples of 70 days compared to control samples. Regarding the results obtained with HHE, both pre-symptomatic and symptomatic animals did not show HHE-protein differences, both in controls and in ALS animals. We did not detect a significant difference in the aldehyde-protein concentration between the groups in the samples of the symptomatic animals. Proteomic analysis revealed 24 differentially expressed proteins, with emphasis on proteins with thehighest values of significance (p-value), such as the ubiquitin in the pre-symptomatic group and neurogranin in the group of the symptomatic animals and several proteins of the energetic metabolism pathways, neurofilaments, proteins of redox processes and proteins linked to calcium metabolism (fundamental in the pathophysiology of ALS). Some important proteins were found exclusivity in the pre-symptomatic and symptomatic groups by the Venn diagram. With regard to aldehyde-modified proteins, some relevant ones such as Delta-2 polymerase interaction protein, that was modified by HNE via the addition of Michael found in presymptomatic and symptomatic ELA animals, catalase that was found to be modified by HNE via Schiff\'s base only in pre-symptomatic ALS, and gamma interferon-inducible thiol reductase in the group of symptomatic ALS animals. Janus kinase and microtubule interaction protein 3, were found to be modified by Michael addition and Schiff base pathway respectively in symptomatic ALS animals. It is interesting to note that some modifications found in uncharacterized proteins may indicate new proteins not yet described as modified by these aldehydes. The results show that some of the proteins modified by HNE and HHE found in this work are related to redox stress, energetic metabolic pathways, proteins involved in the response to oxidative damage, and inflammatory processes. Such modifications occur not only in the neurodegeneration model, but were previously described in other pathological processes, such as cardiovascular disease, liver injury due to chronic alcohol use
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Amann, Freya. "„Hie Bayern, hie Preußen“?" Diss., Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 2011. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-155787.
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Chen, Bety. "Estudo dos polimorfismos das regiões hipervariáveis HV1 e HV2 do DNA mitocondrial da população brasileira aplicado à identificação humana." Universidade de São Paulo, 2003. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/9/9136/tde-19032015-095415/.
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Com o intuito de avaliar os polimorfismos de mtDNA e a diversidade genética na população brasileira, foram estudados 84 indivíduos não aparentados: 49 caucasóides e 35 negróides da região sudeste do Brasil. As amostras de sangue obtidas por punção da polpa digital foram colocadas em papel de filtro e o mtDNA extraído pelo método orgânico. Foram amplificadas as regiões hipervariáveis HV1 a partir do nucleotídeo 16.051 até 16.365 e HV2 entre os nucleotídeos 71 e 340. O fragmento foi purificado e após a reação de seqüenciamento, as fitas sense e anti-sense foram alinhadas com a seqüência de Anderson e sobrepostas para confirmação. Foram encontradas 108 posições contendo transições, 15 transversões, 11 deleções e 4 inserções. Nove regiões apresentaram duas variantes de seqüência polimórfica. A maioria das seqüências foi observada uma única vez e em 84 indivíduos foram observados 80 haplótipos distintos. O índice de diversidade genética e a probabilidade de semelhança entre duas seqüências escolhidas ao acaso foram respectivamente de 0,9714 e 0,0286 para os negróides e de 0,9788 e 0,0212 para os caucasóides. Ao realizar análise pareada dos haplótipos, a média de nucleotídeos diferentes entre as seqüências foi de 14,36 ± 5,68 bases em um total de 3.486 pares comparados, indicando uma alta diversidade entre haplótipos nesta população. Os resultados demonstraram que o mtDNA é informativo para identificação humana e o conhecimento da freqüência dos haplótipos na população de interesse tem utilidade significativa na aplicação Forense, principalmente para se avaliar estatisticamente os resultados, fornecendo maior precisão, exatidão e dados contundentes nas investigações.In order to evaluate the mtDNA polymorphism and demonstrate the sequence diversity in Brazilians, we established a database of 84 unrelated individuals, 49 Caucasians and 35 negroids from the southeast of Brazil. The samples were collected on a whatman paper by finger punction, the mtDNA was extracted by organic method and hipervariable regions, HV1 from 16.051 to 16.365 bp and HV2 from 71 to 340 bp were amplified. Both sense and anti-sense strands were sequenced. When compared to Anderson sequence, 108 transitions, 15 transversions, 11 deletions and 4 insertions were found. Nine positions exhibited two variants of polymorphic sequence. The majority of the sequences were observed once, and in 84 sequences, 80 haplotypes were observed. The sequence diversity and the probability for two individuals randomly matching over two hypervariable regions were 0.9714 and 0.0286 for persons of color and 0.9788 and 0.0212 for Caucasians. In pair wise comparison, the mean sequence difference of 14,36 ± 5,68 nucleotides over 3,486 pairs compared, indicates a high diversity in this population. The data demonstrates that mtDNA sequencing can be informative in forensic cases, but it is of crucial importance to know the frequency of the mtDNA haplotypes to statistically evaluate the results.
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Sadhukhan, Sushabhan. "Metabolism & Signaling of 4-Hydroxyacids: Novel Metabolic Pathways and Insight into the Signaling of Lipid Peroxidation Products." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1339171892.
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Sen, Pallavi. "I Don’t Have Confirmation, I Only Have Context." VCU Scholars Compass, 2016. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4236.
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Utler, Stine Johansen. "Anders Behring Breiviks meningsfeller: En innholdsanalyse av Stopp Islamiseringen av Norge (SIAN) : Hvem er de? Og hva kan forklare deres anti-islamistiske holdninger?" Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for sosiologi og statsvitenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-25733.
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Anti-islamistiske organisasjoner og holdninger er i vekst i Norge og Europa. Dette skyldes i stor grad en oppblomstring av radikale islamistiske krefter, hvor for eksempel hendelser som terrorangrepet mot World Trade Center i 2001 har generert en sterkere frykt for islam og muslimer. Anti-islamistiske holdninger fikk for alvor ansikt i Norge etter 22.juli 2011 da Anders Behring Brevik utførte sine terrorhandlinger. På bakgrunn av en økende vekst av anti-islamistiske organisasjoner i Europa, er det derfor interessant å se på organisasjonen Stopp Islamiseringe av Norge, som regnes for å være Norge største anti-islamistiske organisasjon. Gjennom å gjøre en innholdsanalyse av artikler SIAN publiserer på sin nettside, www.sian.no, er det mulig å forstå hva det er som ligger til grunn for deres anti-islamistiske ståsted. Den globaliserte verden vi i dag lever i, kan omtales som et multisivilisatorisk samfunn. Det faktum at individene i en slik verden har et iboene behov for å definere seg selv, vil til slutt føre til indre motsetninger og konflikter, noe som omtales som et primordialistisk syn på forholdet mellom kultur og konflikt. Dette kan både anti-islamisme, så vel som radikale islam regnes for å være eksempler på. Mine undersøkelse konkludere med at SIAN som antiislamistisk organisasjon representerer et slik primordialistisk syn. SIAN er en organisasjon i vekst- og som også organiserer seg internasjonalt. SIAN er en del av en internasjonal bevegelse som anser islam og muslimer for å være en trussel mot demokratiet, og som fører med seg vold, krig og i verste tilfellet død. SIAN bruker derfor store krefter på å arbeide mot islam og muslimer, og ser det som sin plikt å advare og beskytte det norske folk fra dette. Derfor konkluderer også min undersøkelse med at veien til vold i SIANs kamp mot islam, kan være kort. Det at SIAN i løpet av få år har mer enn tredoblet sin medlemsmasse, og at de er i nært samarbeid med utenlandske anti-islamistiske organisasjoner, gjør at en økt oppmerksomhet rundt SIAN og lignende organisasjoner er viktig.
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Huang, Fang-Fang. "Molecular Characterization of Animal Strains of Hepatitis E Virus (HEV): Avian HEV and Swine HEV." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29893.
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Hepatitis E virus (HEV), the causative agent of hepatitis E, is an important public health concern in many developing countries. It mainly infects young adults and has a mortality of up to 25% in pregnant women. Although hepatitis E is only sporadic in industrialized countries including the United States, a relative high seroprevalence rate has been reported in healthy individuals. Evidence suggests that there exist animal reservoirs for HEV and HEV transmission is zoonotic. Animal strains of HEV, swine HEV and avian HEV have been identified from a pig and a chicken, respectively, in the United States. Studies showed that swine HEV and avian HEV are genetically and antigenically related to human HEV, and that pigs and chickens are useful animal models to study HEV replication, pathogenesis and cross-species infection. The objectives of this dissertation were to genetically characterize both avian HEV and swine HEV, to determine their serological and molecular epidemiology in the United States, to assess the ability of avian HEV cross-species infection in non-human primates, to determine the full-length genomic sequence and genome organization, and to construct an infectious cDNA clone of avian HEV.
The prevalence of swine HEV infections in US swine herds and the heterogeneity of swine HEV isolates from different geographic regions of the United States were determined. We found that 35% pigs and 54% swine herds were positive for swine HEV RNA. Partial capsid gene region of twenty-seven US swine HEV isolates was sequenced and was showed to share 88%-100% nucleotide sequence identity to each other and 89-98% identity with the prototype US swine HEV, but only <79% identity with Taiwanese swine HEV isolates and most known human strains of HEV worldwide. All US swine HEV isolates belong to the same genotype 3 with the prototype US swine HEV and the two US strains of human HEV.
Similarly, the prevalence of avian HEV infections in US chicken flocks and the heterogeneity of avian HEV isolates were also determined. Helicase gene region of eleven field isolates of avian HEV from chickens with hepatitis-splenomegaly (HS) syndrome was sequenced and was found to share 78-100% nucleotide sequence identities with each other, 79-88% identities with the prototype avian HEV, 76-80% identities with Australian chicken big liver and spleen disease virus (BLSV), and 56-61% identities with other known strains of mammalian HEV. A relative high prevalence of anti-avian HEV antibodies was found in apparently healthy chicken flocks in 5 states. Like swine HEV, the seropositivity of avian HEV in adult chickens was higher than that in young chickens.
To genetically characterize the avian HEV genome, we determined the full-length genomic sequence of avian HEV, which is 6,654 bp in length excluding the poly (A) tail, and 600 bp shorter than that of mammalian HEVs. Avian HEV has similar genomic organization with human and swine HEVs, but shared only about 50% nucleotide sequence identity with mammalian HEVs in the complete genome. Significant genetic variations such as deletions and insertions, particularly in the ORF1 of avian HEV, were observed, but motifs in the putative functional domains of the ORF1 were relatively conserved between avian HEV and mammalian HEVs. Phylogenetic analyses based on the full-length genomic sequence revealed that avian HEV represents a branch distinct from human and swine HEVs.
Since swine HEV infects non-human primates and possibly humans, the ability of avian HEV cross-species infection in non-human primates was also assessed. However, unlike swine HEV, avian HEV failed to infect two rhesus monkeys under experimental conditions.
With the availability of the complete genome sequence of avian HEV, we constructed three full-length cDNA clones of avian HEV and tested their infectivity by in vitro transfection of the LMH chicken liver cells and by in vivo intrahepatic inoculation of specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chickens. The results showed that all 3 cDNA clones of avian HEV were infectious both in vitro and in vivo, as the capped RNA transcripts from each of the clones were replication-competent in transfected LMH cells and developed active infection in inoculated SPF chickens.
In summary, avian HEV and swine HEV infections are enzootic in chicken flocks and in swine herds in the United States, respectively. Like human HEV, swine HEV and avian HEV isolates from different geographic regions are also genetically heterogenic. Complete genomic sequence analyses showed that avian HEV is related to, but distinct from, human and swine HEVs. Unlike swine HEV, avian HEV is probably not transmissible to non-human primates. Infectious cDNA clones of avian HEV have been successfully constructed. The availability of the infectious clones for a chicken strain of HEV now affords us an opportunity to study the mechanisms of HEV replication, pathogenesis and cross-species infection.Ph. D.
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BIRKS, IKAM. "Have hyperoperateur : invarience, contingence et distribution." Paris 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA030021.
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Phenomene extremement rare sur le plan mondial, have occupe une place centrale dans la grammaire des langues qui le connaissent. Cette these tente d'expliquer la distribution de have dans les langues et dans le discours en se servant de la notion d'hyperoperateur. Dans le cadre d'une vision unitaire de have, il s'agit d'une etape intermediaire entre la valeur centrale et l'effet de sens. En appliquant le concept d'hyperoperateur a l'histoire de l'anglais et du latin, a l'acquisition longitudinale de have chez l'enfant, et a des variantes non-standards de l'anglais moderne (would of, if you hadn't of), nous proposons une explication de plusieurs phenomenes distributionnels en termes d'invariance et de contingence. L'analyse de l'apparition de l'auxiliaire do avec have, et de la forme have got, conduit a une appreciation du fonctionnement de l'opposition auxiliaire ??? verbe lexical en anglais moderne. L'utilisation de corpus informatises occupe une position centrale dans les analyses presentees. La description des principales structures mobilisant have en anglais est etoffee par une analyse de quelques structures dans d'autres langues (cf. It. Averci) et par une tentative d'expliquer le phenomene des verbes avoir en general (hypothese sapir whorf, contact langagier). La theorie de la reelaboration (cotte 1998) occupe une place importante, surtout dans le cadre des emplois dynamiques et causatifs de have. Une section est egalement consacree a l'utilisation de have a la diathese passive et a la distribution de have dans sept editions de la bible depuis 1611. Cette recherche s'articule autour des trois domaines d'analyse de delmas (delmas et al. 1992) puisque c'est seulement en tenant compte de l'interaction entre ces differents domaines (infraverbal, lineaire et coenonciatif) que l'on pourra tenter de rendre compte de la specificite du codage transitif et du haut niveau de grammaticalisation de have dans le cadre de l'universalite de la notion de possession.
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Walker, Samantha. "De-culturalising honour and violence : exploring 'victims' experiences of 'honour'-based violence in rural England." Thesis, Keele University, 2018. http://eprints.keele.ac.uk/4590/.
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Violence perpetrated in the name of ‘honour’ is neither a new phenomenon, nor one associated exclusively with any particular culture or religion. Nevertheless the concept of honour has become a powerful expression through which certain ‘culturalised’ forms of violence have been differentiated from ‘mainstream’ forms of violence against women. Indeed, while the latter is viewed generally as a pattern of individual deviance and desire for power and control, HBV is perceived as symptomatic of deviant and problematic cultures and cultural pathology. Subsequently although there has been increasing academic attention paid to the problem of ‘honour’-based violence within the UK, much of this existing research has focused on urban areas with large South Asian Muslim populations. Problematically, Larasi (2013b) argues, this limited focus can create silos that do not necessarily represent ‘victims’’ real lived experiences of violence and abuse. This thesis is based upon data collected from semi-structured interviews conducted with twenty-six participants – twelve service users and fourteen service providers – from various ‘rural’ locations spanning across five English counties. By re-examining the notion of ‘honour’, this thesis considers the extent to which the culturalisation of HBV has hindered contemporary Western understanding of VAW and our ability to provide services to those seeking help. Although, by drawing upon the lived experiences of service users, it is shown how honour and shame operate as more pervasive features of all intimate personal victimisation, this thesis demonstrates how culturalised perceptions of honour and HBV restricts service provisions – particularly in rural areas which are conceptualised as lacking in ethnic diversity. Ultimately this thesis argues that, given that honour underlies so many forms of gender-based violence, rather than resituating HBV within a broader framework of VAW, we should instead situate VAW within a broader theoretical understanding of honour and shame.
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Osburn, Evert D. "Those who have never heard have they no hope? /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1988. http://www.tren.com.
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Augustinsson, Rebecka. "To have or not to have - Evidensbaserad undervisning i samhällskunskap." Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för lärande och miljö, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-16531.
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Denna uppsats har sitt fokus på evidens i klassrummet där samhällskunskap är ämnet. Evidens är ett begrepp som har blivit centralt när det diskuteras skolutveckling. Evidensbaserad undervisning innebär systematiserade metoder som är vetenskapligt prövade. Skolans praktik är ytterst komplex där läraren troligen behöver agera med stor skicklighet för att hantera olika oväntade situationer som inträffar. Evidensbaserad undervisning är baserad på naturvetenskaplig kunskapssyn medans samhällskunskapen är baserad på människans komplexitet. Problematiken med två olika kunskapssyner mynnar ut i att jag ställer samhällskunskapen i relation till evidensbegreppen, evidensbaserad samt informerad undervisning. Metoderna som används är kvalitativ metod som inkluderar intervju och observationer i klassrummet. Jag har haft ett systematiskt tillvägagångssätt vid tolkning av det empiriska material, vilket är tematisk analys. Genomgående visar observationerna på samtal och dialog som visar på dynamiken i klassrummet. I intervjun framträder läroplanen som central del i undervisningen samt en viss osäkerhet kring evidens begreppet. Vilket det empiriska materialet visar på. Resultatet mynnas ut i att förstå hur en evidensbaserad undervisning står i relation till samhällskunskapen samt vilka konsekvenser en evidensbaserad undervisning tycks ha i samhällskunskap. Jag argumenterar för behovet av att anpassa evidens begreppet och dess praktisering till ämnet, i detta fall samhällskunskapens mång och tvetydighet i klassrummet. En av slutsatserna är att evidensbaserad undervisning bör diskuteras vidare. Då mitt empiriska material varit tunt, borde forskning fokusera på att studera relationen mellan en evidensbaserad undervisning och samhällskunskap.
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Pettersson, Urban. "AI för Hive." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för datavetenskap och kommunikation (CSC), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-157411.
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Strategies for the board game Hive was implemented and evaluated in this project. The report covers the rules as well as the system that was implemented in order to build strategies. The strategies are evaluated based on how they perform against each other. Two search algorithms were implemented: Minmax and Alpha-Beta Pruning. Alpha-Beta with depth 4 had the best performance against other strategies as well as in individual tests.I projektet implementerades och utvärderades strategier för brädspelet Hive.Rapporten går igenom regler samt systemet som implementerades för att kunna skapa strategier. Strategierna utvärderas baserat på hur de presterar mot varandra. Två sökalgoritmer implementerades: Minmax och Alpha-Beta Pruning. Alpha-Beta med djup 4 presterade bäst mot andra strategier samti individuella tester.
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BRYTTING, ANDREAS, and JOHAN NYGREN. "Strategies in Hive." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för datavetenskap och kommunikation (CSC), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-134917.
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Hive is a board game for two players in which the players uses several kinds of pieces represented by different bug species to encircle the opposing players Queen Bee. There are many strategies focusing on different points of the game. To win, a good strategy is needed and in order to develop a good strategy, a wide understanding of the game is required. This project explores the components involved in Hive strategy and resulted in a comparison of an offensive and a defensive strategy by creating an AI and letting it play the game against itself using the two strategies with small modifications. Due to the nature of the game and limitations in the AI, the majority of the games played resulted in a draw. Out of 48 games played, the defensive strategy won four and the offensive only one. The results show that the defensive strategy developed for this project is superior to the offensive one. This also shows that to break a defensive strategy such as circling, it is required to plan many moves ahead.Hive är ett brädspel för två spelare där spelarna använder ett antal pjäser representerade av olika småkryp för att försöka omringa motspelarens Drottning. Det finns många strategier som fokuserar på olika punkter inom spelet. För att vinna behövs en bra strategi, och för att kunna utveckla en bra strategi så behövs bred förståelse av spelet. Detta projekt utforskar de olika delar som är involverade inom Hive-strategi och resulterade i en jämförelse av en offensiv och en defensiv strategi genom skapandet av ett AI som sedan sattes att spela mot sig själv given de två strategierna med ett fåtal modifikationer. Till följd av spelets uppbyggnad samt begränsningar i AI:t så resulterade majoriteten av matcherna i oavgjort. Den defensiva strategin vann fyra av matcherna och den offensiva en utav de 48 spelade. Resultatet visar att den defensiva strategin utvecklad för det här projektet är överlägsen den mer offensiva strategin. Detta visar också att för att besegra en defensivt fokuserad strategi, såsom skapandet av cirklar, så måste man planera många steg framåt.
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Kundin, Andrea. "Points of hue /." Online version of thesis, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/10879.
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Allen, Lisa Beth. "Have a Heart." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2011. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1291.
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Johansson, Julia, and Malin Svensson. ""A och O, ingen diskussion" : En kvalitativ studie om HVB personals syn på bemötandets betydelse för ensamkommande barns återhämtning från traumatiska upplevelser." Thesis, Högskolan Väst, Avd för socialpedagogik och sociologi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-9994.
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Sverige har sedan många år tillbaka varit ett mottagarland för ensamkommande barn som flyr sina hemländer på grund av olika omständigheter. Flera av de barn som idag kommer till Sverige har en försämrad psykisk hälsa och bär med sig svåra minnen av traumatiska händelser orsakade av krig, våld, uppbrott av nära anhöriga liksom flykten i sig. Personal som kommer i kontakt med dessa barn har således stora krav på sig och bör därför ha de kunskaper som behövs för att kunna ge barnen en trygg plats att återhämta sig på. Därav anses det vara relevant att göra en studie om bemötandets roll för barnens återhämtningsprocess. Syftet med studien är att öka förståelse för HVB personals upplevelser av bemötandets roll för ensamkommande barns återhämtning från traumatiska upplevelser. Detta utifrån vad i bemötandet som främjar respektive hindrar barnens återhämtningsprocess. Studien bygger på sex stycken halvstrukturerade intervjuer med personal som arbetar på två HVB boenden. Studiens teoretiska utgångspunkt samt begrepp är återhämtningsperspektivet och sociala relationer. Resultatet visar att samtliga informanter upplever att en god och ömsesidig relation och ett individanpassat bemötande, där respekt och lyhördhet innefattas, främjar ensamkommande barns återhämtning från traumatiska upplevelser. HVB boendenas miljö och struktur anses vara en central del som påverkar personalens bemötande både som främjande och hindrande faktor. Vidare visar resultatet att informanterna upplever att bristande språkkunskaper och bristande kompetens, liksom kulturskillnader är delar i bemötandet som hindrar barnens återhämtningsprocess.
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Barksby, Kelly. "Constructing criminals : the creation of identity within criminal mafias." Thesis, Keele University, 2013. http://eprints.keele.ac.uk/3806/.
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Constructing criminals: the creation of identity within criminal mafias This thesis seeks to demonstrate that there has been a change in the social and cultural aspects of established organised criminal sub-cultures by observing the changes that have taken place in how identity is constructed. The literature is comparatively lacking in emphasis when compared to information about specific criminal activities and the threat of the organisations. This study finds that the social and cultural dimensions of established organised criminal sub-cultures can be equally important and indicative of changes in those organisations. This thesis analyses the change in how established organised criminal sub-cultures, or mafias, have perceived and used identity over the last twenty years and asks whether this can be indicative of a change in the social and cultural model of these organisations. The study is comparative and will focus on how identity in four distinct mafias from across the world - the Russian mafiya, Sicilian mafia, the Japanese yakuza and the Chinese triads - is constructed and how this has changed. The Russian mafiya was the first of the established organised criminal sub-cultures to demonstrate this change whereby identity was used in a different way from its criminal underworld roots. The study also analyses the literature available from gang studies to ask whether the recognised focus upon identity can be interpreted with reference to the established organised criminal sub-cultures. This thesis considers that a criminal identity is constructed through a variety of customs and behaviours including mythology and legend, language and oral traditions and the visual image that a group portrays. A contextual approach is proposed, whereby organisations create and negotiate criminal identities at different scales, by which a street level identity might be more distinctive.
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Bates, Kate. "Morality for the masses : the social significance of crime and punishment discourse in British broadsides, 1800-1850." Thesis, Keele University, 2013. http://eprints.keele.ac.uk/3829/.
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This thesis is a study of the sociological significance of crime and punishment discourse in early-nineteenth-century broadsides. Broadsides were a form of street literature and, for almost 300 years until the late nineteenth century, were a forerunner to our modern tabloid newspapers. As such, they were published on a wide range of topics, but by far the most prevalent were those covering violent crime, especially murder, and the public execution of criminals. The publication of this genre of broadside reached a peak in the first half of the nineteenth century and its popular appeal was greatest among the labouring poor. This has led several scholars to propose two prominent, yet contrasting, arguments: namely, that this ‘gallows literature’ should be read as either evidence of attempts at ideological social control or merely as a form of debased, sensationalistic entertainment. However, this thesis proposes that broadsides actually reveal ordinary people’s thoughts and feelings about crime and criminal justice and, as such, reflect common moralities and mentalities. By presenting a detailed discourse analysis of 650 broadsides printed all over Britain between the years 1800-1850, this thesis provides an alternative interpretation as to the form, function and meaning of their narratives of crime. This interpretation is based upon the social theories of Emile Durkheim, who recognised the higher utility of crime and punishment as being one of social integration and the preservation of moral boundaries. The central argument of this thesis, therefore, is that broadsides relating to crime and punishment were a form of moral communication for the masses and that they are examples of how the working class once attempted to bolster a sense of stability and community, during the transitional years of the early nineteenth century, by effectively representing both a consolidation and celebration of their core values and beliefs.
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Filatova, M. "The importamce of colour in design." Thesis, Київський національний університет технологій та дизайну, 2018. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/11514.
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Zetts, Andrew Wyatt. "The Impact of a Microturbine Power Plant on an Off Road Range Extended Electric Vehicle." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/72974.
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The purpose of this thesis is to examine the feasibility of using a microturbine to power an off-road Series Hybrid Autonomous Vehicle (SHEV), and evaluate the benefits and drawbacks inherent in using a microturbine rather than an Internal Combustion Engine (ICE). The specific power plant requirements for a low speed hybrid vehicle that must operate extensively as an Electric Vehicle (EV) and run on JP-8 (a diesel equivalent) are unusual; few options can adequately address all of these needs. Most development of Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) has focused on gasoline ICE power plants, but Diesel ICEs are heavier, which has an adverse effect on EV range.
While mechanically-linked turbine vehicles failed to have the same performance abilities of their ICE counterparts, a microturbine generator-powered SHEV can take advantage of its battery pack to avoid the issues inherent in its mechanical predecessors. A microturbine generator is mechanically decoupled from the powertrain, allowing for an incredibly power dense power plant that lightens the weight of the vehicle. This weight reduction directly correlates to an increased EV operational range, enhancing mobility, stealth, and the tactical effectiveness of the squad that the vehicle is intended to support.
To determine the full impact that a microturbine might have on this specific SHEV, modeling of the vehicle was conducted to directly compare a microturbine and an ICE power plant using two drive cycles that were designed to simulate the typical operation specific to the vehicle. Drive cycle analysis revealed that the improved EV performance and design flexibility offered by the microturbine's weight justifies the selection of a microturbine over an ICE for this specific case. This decision is dependent upon several factors: a microturbine with fuel efficiency comparable to an ICE, the selection of a large battery pack, and an emphasis on EV operations.Master of Science
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Jaffe, Michelle. "Peer support and seeking help in prison : a study of the Listener scheme in four prisons in England." Thesis, Keele University, 2012. http://eprints.keele.ac.uk/3824/.
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Samaritans volunteers have been visiting prisons since 1991 to select, train and support prisoners to provide confidential emotional support to other prisoners. Despite its existence for approximately two decades, the Listener scheme has received very little research attention other than a few scattered examples of in-house or small scale reviews (for example Davies, 1994; Richman, 2004; Snow & Biggar, 2006; The Samaritans, 2001a; 2001b). This paucity is also reflected in the current lack of knowledge about peer mentoring and support more widely, despite the significant government attention it has received. This thesis explores and analyses the operation of the Listener peer support scheme in four prisons in England. It investigates how prisoners used (or did not use) Listener support in their patterns of coping and helpseeking in prison, how the Listener scheme was perceived and used by prisoners, Listeners and prison staff, and how Listeners described their experiences of conducting their voluntary work in prison. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were adopted, including a survey of prisoners (n=331), and interviews with prisoners (n=14), Listeners (n=16), and prison staff (n=12). This thesis contends that the prison environment shapes and influences help-seeking by prisoners and the operation of peer support schemes in important ways. It is asserted that helpseeking by prisoners is ‘strategic’, that there is a need to recognise the importance of the factors that drive help-seeking in prison, and the impact this has on the spectrum of helpseeking activity that prisoners exhibit. Furthermore, this thesis examines the dilemmas and contradictions that arise, when prisoners attempt to engage as citizens by volunteering and helping their peers, with whom they share the same pains of imprisonment and experience of subordination.
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Henley, Andrew. "Criminal records and the regulation of redemption : a critical history of legal rehabilitation in England and Wales." Thesis, Keele University, 2017. http://eprints.keele.ac.uk/3779/.
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The collation and use of criminal records by the state has conventionally been regarded as essential for the prevention and detection of crime, the administration of justice and the maximisation of public safety. For instance: the police may check the criminal records of suspects to determine whether they are ‘known offenders’; those working in the judicial sphere may investigate the prior ‘form’ of witnesses and defendants to adduce ‘bad character’ or determine an appropriate sentence; and educational authorities and social services departments may conduct criminal background checks to determine the ‘suitability’ of individuals to work with or foster children. Whilst not disputing that these official functions provided the original justification for the state’s development of criminal record repositories during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, this thesis argues that other unofficial and quasi-penological functions are now served in the present by the collation, retention and dissemination of criminal background information. This contention is examined through a critical history of legal rehabilitation in England and Wales as introduced under the Rehabilitation of Offenders Act 1974. This legislation determines if, when and under what circumstances a previous criminal record can be deemed ‘relevant’ for a number of purposes. Effectively, it regulates the extent to which a wide range of social actors can permissibly treat people with convictions less favourably than those in society without any criminal background. The thesis argues that legal rehabilitation as a social practice determines the boundaries of redemptive possibility in late-modern society by enacting a discriminatory biopolitics which uses criminal records as a moral apparatus to regulate life chances. Underpinned by neoliberal and authoritarian governmentalities, this biopolitics distinguishes a ‘law-abiding citizenry’ - constructed as deserving of access to social goods - from a ‘denizen class’ of convicted people whose ‘punishment’ is perpetuated through exposure to various exclusionary conducts.
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Murray, Emma Teresa. "Reimagining the veteran : an investigation into violent veterans in England and Wales post 9/11." Thesis, Keele University, 2016. http://eprints.keele.ac.uk/3254/.
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This thesis provides an original investigation into the status of violent veterans in the United Kingdom post 9/11. Drawing upon a series of interviews conducted during 2011-2014, it frames the problem through the focused lens of Veteranality. Veteranality is understood here to be the regulation and rehabilitation of veteran offenders within the criminal justice framework, with a conscious attempt to understand the limitations of governing regimes by foregrounding questions of political agency. It looks directly at the tensions and conflicts veteran offenders experience as they move from a war paradigm to one of criminal justice on domestic soil. Central here is the ethical decision to “give voice” to the veterans by allowing them to narrate their own experiences prior, during and after war, which proves crucial to the study. As violent veterans expose the limits of juridical approaches to their crimes, so they add further empirical weight to the claims that times of war and peace are less easily demarcated and set apart. Embodying the normalisation of violence in new security terrains, their testimonies present significant challenges and demand a thorough rethinking of the violence of warfare in the 21st Century.
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Griglio, Alessia. "Toward the development of small molecules for unconventional targets and diseases." Doctoral thesis, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11579/102451.
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This thesis is focused on the development of small molecules for unconventional targets and diseases: the Store-Operated Calcium Entry (SOCE) machinery, the enzyme indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) and hereditary multiple exostoses (HME) disease. The SOCE is a specialized form of calcium influx that does not involve voltage, but a close communication between the plasma membrane and the endoplasmic reticulum. Dysfunction in this phenomenon has been associated to a plethora of human disorders. Over the years a growing number of SOCE modulators have been reported; unfortunately, all of them show drawbacks in term of lack of specificity and selectivity. This thesis illustrates the discovery of a novel family of compounds able to fine-tune SOCE. Two promising inhibitors that proved to be effective both ex vivo in biopsies from patients affected by tubular aggregate myopathy (TAM) and in vivo in an animal model of acute pancreatitis, two diseases characterized by a hyperactivation of SOCE, have been reported. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO1), a key enzyme in tryptophan catabolism, is emerging at the vanguard of druggable targets in cancer immunotherapy. The search for small-molecule inhibitors has been intensely pursued both in academia and in pharmaceutical companies. Nevertheless, to have reached human clinical trial. With the aim to find potent inhibitors developed two classes of compounds bearing an imidazothiazole and a benzimidazole scaffold, respectively. HME is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by the formation of multiple bony spurs or lumps, known as exostoses, next to long bones and other skeletal elements. A strategy to prevent initiation or retard the growth of exostoses is the development of compounds that enhance HS formation. A class of compounds thật may be considered promising starting points towards the development of probes suitable for in vivo testing will be presented.
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Wood, Murphy MacDuffey. ""Neither the hue of their complexion nor the blood of Afrik have any connection with cowardice" : the impact of British slave emancipation in the American Revolution /." Full-text of dissertation on the Internet (242.93 KB), 2010. http://www.lib.jmu.edu/general/etd/2010/masters/woodmm/woodmm_masters_04-22-2010_01.pdf.
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Morin, Magdalena. "Anknytningsbaserat behandlingsarbete på HVB-institution. : Förutsättningar för förändring." Thesis, Ersta Sköndal högskola, S:t Lukas utbildningsinstitut, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:esh:diva-4039.
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Inledning: Det finns idag en brist när det gäller forskning kring privata HVB-institutioner. Denna studie ämnar undersöka miljöterapeutiskt behandlingsarbete på HVB-institution. Författaren är intresserad av hur ett anknytningsbaserat behandlingsarbete kan se ut. Frågeställning: Hur skapar behandlingspersonalen förutsättningar för ungdomarnas möjlighet till anknytning? Metod: Genom att göra djupintervjuer med fem behandlingshemsterapeuter om deras arbete i den ostrukturerade miljöterapin, ämnar författaren att bidra till förståelsen och innebörden av anknytningsbaserat arbete på institution. Intervjuerna har analyserats med hjälp av förutbestämda dimensioner tagna från anknytningsteorin. Dessa fyra dimensioner, som beskriver olika aspekter av lyhördhet i föräldra-barn samspel, antas utgöra grunden för att anknytning skall kunna uppstå. Resultat: I intervjuerna framkommer att personalen använder sig av olika former av anknytningsbaserat samspel. I deras berättelser finns många exempel och beskrivningar av hur detta samspel tar sig uttryck i vardagliga situationer mellan personal och ungdom. Vid en analys av materialet hittar författaren samspel som faller in under samtliga fyra dimensioner. Diskussion: Författaren tycker sig kunna påvisa att det pågår ett medvetet arbete med att skapa förutsättningar för att anknytning skall kunna uppstå. Resultatet överensstämmer med den forskning som finns idag. Forskning har visat att de flesta terapeutiska behandlingar är verksamma, oavsett specifik metodik. En god allians är avgörande för ett positivt behandlingsutfall. För att kunna arbeta med anknytningsrelaterad problematik behöver fokus ligga på att åstadkomma en god relation mellan behandlare och klient. Kvar åsterstår att undersöka vilka ungdomar som kan vara betjänta av en anknytningsbaserad behandling och vilka som är i behov av andra insatser och i så fall vilka?Introduction: There is a lack of research in the field of HVB-institutional care. In this study Environmental therapy treatments in HVB institutions are examined. The author is interested in what a attachment-based treatment can look like in the day to day work of the treatment-center therapists. Question: How do treatment-staff create the conditions for young people to have the opportunity to develop an attachment? Method: Through in-depth interviews with five treatment-center therapists about their work in unstructured environmental therapy, the author wishes to contribute to the understanding and significance of attachment-based work in HVB-institutions. The interviews have been analyzed with the help of predetermined aspects of attachmenttheory. These four dimensions, which describe different aspects of responsiveness in parent-child interaction, are assumed to be the foundation upon which it is possible for attachment to occur. Result: In the explanations, given by the staff, there are examples and descriptions of interaction which can be attributed to all four dimensions. Discussion: The author believes that they can demonstrate that there is a conscious effort to create the conditions under which it is possible for an attachment to occur. The result of this study corresponds with research which exists today. Research has shown that most therapeutic treatments are effective, regardless of the methodology. A good alliance is decisive for determining a positive result. To be able to work with attachment-based problems, there needs to be focus on achieving a strong relation between the therapist and the client. What remains is to look at which young people would benefit from an attachment-based treatment and which are in need of other treatments and in such cases, what are these?
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Nicholls-Goudsmid, Joyce. "To have and have not, procreative choice and the ethic of care." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq24338.pdf.
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Qureshi, Imran. "You don't have to be paranoid to have insight, but it helps!" Thesis, University of Manchester, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.492279.
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Background: There is a considerable literature that identifies emotion recognition deficits in people who have been diagnosed with schizophrenia. These findings remain unsubstantiated, particularly when one considers the findings from studies using genuine emotions. These studies suggest poor performance might be a result of an increased sensitivity to underlying emotions which have been shown to be important in deception detection. This study aimed to investigate whether people with persecutory ideation may be better at detecting deception than people without persecutory ideation. It was also proposed that people with persecutory ideation would have a deception bias, Le. guess that people were lying more often. Method: A lie detection test was devised with 'actors' lying and telling the truth about an activity they had undertaken that induced an emotional response. Two student samples (n=21, n=17) were recruited using the extreme groups methodology from an on line questionnaire that measured persecutory ideation. The two groups observed the clips of 'actors' and were compared on accuracy (how many they got right), bias (the predictions they made) and the level of confidence with which they made their judgement. Results: There were no significant differences on overall accuracy although the group high in persecutory ideation performed better on the clips in which the lie was presented first. Neither group showed a bias toward predicting that people were deceptive or truthful. People with high persecutory ideation were much more confident in their judgements about whether the 'actor' was being deceptive or truthful but in general levels of confidence were not related to being more accurate. Conclusion: The results were inconclusive due to the small sample size and concerns about whether the lie detection tool actually measured abilities to detect lies, bias and confidence. The indication that people high in persecutory ideation were slightly better at detecting lies was considered in the context of whether they had more accurate beliefs about what to look for in a 'liar', increased sensitivity to non verbal cues or a difficulty to engage with the social choreography associated with the truth bias. These areas warrant further investigation. Differences in the levels of confidence expressed about 'actors' trustworthiness could be a result of the jumping to conclusions and disconfirmatory biases, or it could be a consequence of the measure itself. The clinical implications in relation to engagement with people with persecutory ideation and non verbal behaviour of the therapist were discussed.
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Engman, Jimmy. "Model Predictive Control for Series-Parallel Plug-In Hybrid Electrical Vehicle." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Fordonssystem, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-69608.
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The automotive industry is required to deal with increasingly stringent legislationfor greenhouse gases. Hybrid Electric Vehicles, HEV, are gaining acceptance as thefuture path of lower emissions and fuel consumption. The increased complexityof multiple prime movers demand more advanced control systems, where futuredriving conditions also becomes interesting. For a plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle,PIHEV, it is important to utilize the comparatively inexpensive electric energybefore the driving cycle is complete, this for minimize the cost of the driving cycle,since the battery in a PIHEV can be charged from the grid. A strategy with lengthinformation of the driving cycle from a global positioning system, GPS, couldreduce the cost of driving. This by starting to blend the electric energy with fuelearlier, a strategy called blended driving accomplish this by distribute the electricenergy, that is charged externally, with fuel over the driving cycle, and also ensurethat the battery’s minimum level reaches before the driving cycle is finished. Astrategy called Charge Depleting Charge Sustaining, CDCS, does not need lengthinformation. This strategy first depletes the battery to a minimum State of Charge,SOC, and after this engages the engine to maintain the SOC at this level. In thisthesis, a variable SOC reference is developed, which is dependent on knowledgeabout the cycle’s length and the current length the vehicle has driven in the cycle.With assistance of a variable SOC reference, is a blended strategy realized. Thisis used to minimize the cost of a driving cycle. A comparison between the blendedstrategy and the CDCS strategy was done, where the CDCS strategy uses a fixedSOC reference. During simulation is the usage of fuel minimized; and the blendedstrategy decreases the cost of the driving missions compared to the CDCS strategy.To solve the energy management problem is a model predictive control used. Thedesigned control system follows the driving cycles, is charge sustaining and solvesthe energy management problem during simulation. The system also handlesmoderate model errors.Fordonsindustrin måste hantera allt strängare lagkrav mot utsläpp av emissioneroch växthusgaser. Hybridfordon har börjat betraktas som den framtida vägenför att ytterligare minska utsläpp och användning av fossila bränslen. Den ökadekomplexiteten från flera olika motorer kräver mera avancerade styrsystem. Begränsningarfrån motorernas energikällor gör att framtida förhållanden är viktigaatt estimera. För plug-in hybridfordon, PIHEV, är det viktigt att använda denvvijämförelsevis billiga elektriska energin innan fordonet har nått fram till slutdestinationen.Batteriets nuvarande energimängd mäts i dess State of Charge, SOC.Genom att utnyttja information om hur långt det är till slutdestinationen från ettGlobal Positioning System, GPS, blandar styrsystemet den elektriska energin medbränsle från början, detta kallas för blandad körning. En strategi som inte hartillgång till hur långt fordonet ska köras kallas Charge Depleting Charge Sustaining,CDCS. Denna strategi använder först energin från batteriet, för att sedanbörja använda förbränningsmotorn när SOC:s miniminivå har nåtts. Strategin attanvända GPS informationen är jämförd med en strategi som inte har tillgång tillinformation om körcykelns längd. Blandad körning använder en variabel SOC referens,till skillnad från CDCS strategin som använder sig av en konstant referenspå SOC:s miniminivå. Den variabla SOC referensen beror på hur långt fordonethar kört av den totala körsträckan, med hjälp av denna realiseras en blandad körning.Från simuleringarna visade det sig att blandad körning gav minskad kostnadför de simulerade körcyklerna jämfört med en CDCS strategi. En modellbaseradprediktionsreglering används för att lösa energifördelningsproblemet. Styrsystemetföljer körcykler och löser energifördelningsproblemet för de olika drivkällorna undersimuleringarna. Styrsystemet hanterar även måttliga modellfel.
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Bassaganyas-Bars, Toni. "Have- sentences in discourse." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/462970.
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Aquesta tesi investiga la interpretació de les frases amb el verb have en anglès. Aquest verb ha generat una gran quantitat de literatura en tots els àmbits de la lingüística, sense que s'hagi arribat a cap consens sobre com cal analitzar-lo. Dos dels motius que expliquen aquesta situació són la dificultat per determinar quin significat aporta have en tots els seus usos, i la restricció de definitud que presenta quan el seu objecte conté un nom relacional. En aquesta tesi analitzo com s'han tractat aquests dos problemes en la literatura semàntica, i proposo una nova anàlisi que qüestiona alguns supòsits de què parteix aquesta literatura: la visió transitiva dels noms relacionals, la naturalesa i l'abast de l'efecte de definitud, i una oposició simple entre sintagmes nominals indefinits i definits/quantificacionals. Així mateix, apunto una possible via per integrar en aquesta anàlisi alguns dels usos funcionals de have.This dissertation looks into the interpretation of have-sentences in English. The verb have has given rise to a great amount of literature in all the subfields of linguistics; no consensus, however, has emerged on how it should be analyzed. Two of the reasons explaining this situation are the difficulty of determining what meaning have contributes to a sentence across its uses, and the definiteness effect it shows when its object contains a relational noun. In this thesis I analyze how these two problems have been tackled in the semantic literature, and I propose a new analysis that calls into question some of the assumptions this literature is built on: the transitive view of relational nouns, the nature and the scope of the definiteness effect, and a simple opposition between `weak' and `strong' NPs. Furthermore, I point at a possible way to integrate some of the functional uses of have into this analysis.
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Kolden, Jon Inge. "Gröbnerbaser og kryptosystemet HFE." Thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Mathematical Sciences, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-10538.
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I denne masteroppgaven ser vi nærmere på Gröbner-baser og kryptosystemet Hidden Field Equations. Vi begynner med å se på flere algebraiske begreper knyttet til Gröbner-baser, og hvordan Gröbner-baser kan beregnes vha. Buchbergers algoritme. I den siste delen av første kapittel ser vi hvordan Gröbner-baser kan brukes til å løse polynomiske ligningssystemer. Videre ser vi på kryptosystemet Hidden Field Equations. Vi begynner med den matematiske teorien som ligger bak HFE-systemet, for deretter å gi en beskrivelse av selve krypteringen. For å øke forståelsen av kryptosystemet, ser vi på et enkelt eksempel. Flere angrep på HFE har blitt forsøkt, og disse kan grovt sett deles inn i to klasser. Den ene typen angrep utnytter bestemte egenskaper i det konkrete kryptosystemet, mens den andre typen består av generelle algoritmer for å løse multivariate ligningssystemer. I denne oppgaven fokuserer vi på den siste typen, nærmere bestemt algoritmer som beregner en Gröbner-basis for et gitt ligningssystem. I kapittel 3 gjennomgår vi et Gröbner-basisangrep på HFE. I den siste delen av oppgaven ser vi på koblingen mellom Gröbner-baser og lineær algebra. Vi ser deretter på forbedringer av Buchbergers originale algoritme. Vi studerer F4-algoritmen som tar i bruk lineær algebra, og en videreutvikling av F4, kalt F5. F5 tar utgangspunkt i å kutte ut unødvendige beregninger ved å bruke det såkalte F5-kriteriet. Et tilsvarende kriterium, formulert av Gebauer og Möller, blir også gjennomgått.
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Richter, Frank. "UNIX-Editoren -- hvi/asWedit." Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 1998. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-199800277.
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Mørkrid, Maria, and Ylva Cecilie Vestrheim. "Hva er Munkegatas rolle?" Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Fakultet for arkitektur og billedkunst, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-13700.
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Wurth-Grise, Rosemarie. "Voices I Have Heard." TopSCHOLAR®, 2007. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/389.
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The poems in this thesis are an exploration of how two worlds can exist at once. The first world is the physical world as we perceive it through our senses and experience it through living. It is a cyclical world that begins with childhood, and moves toward adulthood, parenthood and death. In this world we go about the act of living. Yet it is in the second world, a more metaphysical one, that we are most alive. We often gain our knowledge of this world through observing and experiencing the natural world. It is a place in which we discover our true selves. This world exists like the mythical ethers; its boundaries are unmarked and the journey takes us into places of light and dark, of sound and silence. It is the coexistence of these two worlds that I attempt to explore in my writing. To access this metaphysical world requires a certain sense of surrender. This can be difficult since it seems to be our species' natural tendency to try to tame or control our environment. Therefore, we must not assume the attitude of a conqueror of nature. We must assume instead the role as a student of nature. That means being truly attentive, finding stillness and quiet, and being willing to listen to the world around us. Secrets can be told in bird song or in the shadows of oaks. My love for nature and writing began at an early age. As a teen I fell in love with poetry. I discovered the poetry of the Victorians, Pre-Raphaelites and Romantics in old anthologies stored away in my grandparent's attic. In these dusty bound volumes with their frayed covers, I discovered the lyrical language of Browning, Tennyson, and Keats. Delving into them instilled in me the appreciation for the beauty of words playing upon each other. In later years, teachers and mentors, like Peggy and Frank Steele, introduced me to the poetry of William Stafford, Ted Kooser, and William Carlos Williams. I was drawn to the straightforward economical use of language by Stafford. His style explored the inner and outer world in language accessible to the average reader. Kooser also used accessible language to describe the human condition. His portraits and narratives instilled validity to my own sense of narrative found in many of my poems. Finally, my poet husband, Dorsey Grice, introduced me to the poetry of Mary Oliver. Her incredible attunement to and observations of nature left me humbled. Somewhere between those early discoveries of the traditional poetic canon and my studies of the modern/contemporary poets I have found my own voice emerge. The blending of the periods has created in me the tendency to write with an economy of language, combined with what I hope are lyrical, melodic lines that are imbued with a subtle sense of rhythm. In writing this creative thesis I have divided the poems into two sections. In general they explore how we relate within physical, social and spiritual contexts. The first section is entitled "A Woman You Might Know" and deals more with the human experience of raising children, finding and losing love, grieving for the ill and dying, and searching for wholeness. The second section is called "The Sound of Trees" and deals with observations within the natural world. It includes poems dealing with the changing of the seasons, farm life, observing wildlife, and the spiritual world. Although each is divided according to a general topic, they both hopefully convey the presence of a dual world in which we live every day and are occasionally allowed a glimpse into. It's a place where the voices of our ancestors gather round us to share their stories and teach us something of value about ourselves.
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Reid, Calaya M. "Should Have Known Better." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2012. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/english_diss/90.
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Dawn Jones's sorority sisters thought she made a big mistake marrying blue-collar Reginald. But thanks to hard work and belief in each other, Dawn and Reginald left the big city and made their own happiness, complete with a comfortable home and two lively children. Dawn can't wait to show everyone just how perfect her choices were—especially when her mega-successful best friend, Sasha, shows up to visit. But she never expected Sasha would like Reginald so much she'd steal him for herself. . .or that Reginald would see Sasha as a second chance to pursue hopes he never fulfilled. With her perfect life now in shambles, Dawn will do whatever it takes to regain what she's lost. But the road back will mean facing the hardest of truths, even tougher choices—and risking more than she ever imagined to discover what her life could really be.
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Maule, John. "Ensemble perception of hue." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2016. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/61471/.
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In order to rapidly get the gist of new scenes or recognise objects, the brain must have mechanisms to process the large amount of visual information which enters the eye. Previous research has shown that observers tend to extract the average feature from briefly seen sets of multiple stimuli that vary along a dimension (e.g., size), a phenomenon called ensemble perception. This thesis investigates ensemble perception of hue. Paper 1 (Maule, Witzel & Franklin, 2014) demonstrates that human observers have memories biased towards the mean hue of a rapidly-presented ensemble of colours. Paper 2 (Maule & Franklin, 2015) further shows that observers are able to identify the mean hue from a distractor fairly reliably, provided the range of hues is manageable. Paper 3 provides evidence that, while observers' settings of the mean hue converge quite closely on the true mean across many trials, the precision of those settings is low and does not support claims that ensemble perception can surpass the limits of visual working memory. Paper 4 found that adults with autism have an enhanced ability to discriminate members from non-members of multi-hue ensembles, and a similar ability to extract the mean hue compared to typical adults, but are worse at averaging small sets. Finally, paper 5 investigated colour afterimages in adults with autism and whether they are affected by top-down gist of a scene. It was found that afterimages were no different in autism compared to a typical group. Overall these studies provide the first comprehensive exploration of ensemble perception of hue, showing that observers can extract and estimate the mean hue of a rapidly-presented multi-colour ensemble with a small hue variance. The ability to average hue may be driven by a sub-sampling mechanism, but results from autistic adults suggests that it can be modulated by processing style.
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Profatylo, A. "I have three parents." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2015. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/40568.
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Genetics must be improved. Today we have got many
innovations. Britain scientists think up a new method of three-person
babies‘ conception. This research can free the mankind from a lot of
genetic pathologies, such as heart disease, muscular dystrophy,
blindness [2].
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Kinsey, Saralea. "Deserts I Have Known." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1998. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc277955/.
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Deserts! Have Known contains a scholarly preface exploring why writers write, examining the characteristics offictionwriters, and addressing the importance of place, both emotional and geographical, in fiction. Four original short stories are included in this thesis. "Miracle at Mita" depicts an aging surfer trying to overcome his fear of commitment. "Coyote Man" explores a father's guilt and the isolation resulting from that guilt. "Time, and Time Again" traces a young woman's fear of marriage to her memory of her parents' relationship, and "Paraplegia" examines a young woman immobilized by her
own lack of self-esteem. These stories are connected through their themes of isolation and reconnection.
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Tomečková, Alena. "Produktová nabídka Honey Hive." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-71862.
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The topic of this Master's thesis is to define the product offering for start-up called Honey Hive and to describe the process supporting the product portfolio definition. Product portfolio definition is based on the theory of 4P (Marketing mix). The whole process of defining the product offering is based on 4P -- Price, Product, Promotion and Place. Each aspect brings its own view into product offering -- from defining the pricing strategy, through suppliers mix definition to the competition analysis. Honey Hive's day-to-day business is based on offering the honey and honey based products. It will be located within attractive environment of Cesky kras. Honey Hive intends to capitalize on regional tourism increase and modern trends of consuming local products.
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Çeliköz, Zafer Alizade Rafail. "Submodules That Have Supplements/." [s.l.]: [s.n.], 2007. http://library.iyte.edu.tr/tezler/master/matematik/T000661.pdf.
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Peters, Virginia. "Have you seen Simone?" Thesis, Goldsmiths College (University of London), 2015. http://research.gold.ac.uk/12306/.
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Have You Seen Simone? consists of a creative nonfiction book, Have You Seen Simone?, and a critical commentary on the process and context of writing it. The book investigates the suspicious death of German traveller Simone Strobel, who went missing in February 2005, in Lismore, Australia. After an inquest into her death in 2007, the police stated they believed that Simone’s boyfriend, Tobias Suckfuell was involved in her death, although he has never been charged with any offence concerning her death. I was captivated by the case, and with the agreement of the police I committed myself to uncovering the truth. The book is the story of my investigation; it analyses the evidence, explores new lines of investigation, and recounts my interviews with the couple’s friends and families; included also is an interview with Tobias Suckfuell himself, who remains the prime suspect. Having become intimately involved in the case, the narrative becomes something of an investigation of the self, heightened by the loss of my mother who dies during the writing process. It should be noted that some of the participants in Have You Seen Simone?, the suspects, have exercised a legitimate right to silence, and although it would be legally inappropriate to draw conclusions about this silence, I question the ethics of this decision, as the nature of their silence suggests they have something to conceal. Silence is at the core of this investigation: what does it mean to write about a legally irresolvable case where the who, what, why, where of the original series of events remains opaque? Navigating through contentious material and negotiating legal, moral, and empirical judgments in a case that has no preceding narrative or conclusion established by the courts is inherently problematic. What does this mean ethically, cognitively and poetologically for the narrative? Is it fundamentally doomed to fail? Or can a persuasively constructed speculative view illuminate a situation that remains largely opaque? Bearing these questions in mind, what follows in the critical commentary, after an exploration of the history of the genre—that is the context in which I position myself (from its precursors to its more recent developments)—is a discussion on why my particular work was suited to a reflective, personal account; this is in view of my background as a newspaper reader as opposed to a journalist who is trained in objective, third-person reporting. I go on to discuss and compare the similar works of Australian author Helen Garner who wrote Joe Cinque’s Consolation and The First Stone—in this chapter and the following—as I further elaborate on my particular methodology in relation to writing methods, and investigative methods involving elicitation and evaluation. I will end with a discussion on the ethics of writing, specifically on the subject of the participants’ right to withdraw data from a research project.
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Fant, Sofia. "En kvalitativ studie om utövares erfarenheter av Motiverande samtal på HVB." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för utbildningsvetenskap, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-19652.
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Motiverande samtal är en pedagogisk metod som frekvent förekommer på Sveriges HVB. Det finns tidigare forskning som pekar på att metoden fungerar bra vid de flesta beteendeförändringar. Utövare har erfarenheter av att metoden fungerar bra i många sammanhang men också att metoden ibland kan ha brister. Denna studie syftar till att undersöka utövares upplevelser och erfarenheter av motiverande samtal (MI). Studien undersöker på vilket sätt MI kan vara ett stöd för patienten och vilka svårigheter det finns med metoden. Studien är avgränsad till att undersöka fyra utövare av motiverande samtal, som arbetar på hem för vård eller boende (HVB). Resultatet visade att MI kan vara ett stöd för patienter i många fall. MI har varit ett stöd för patienter till att ta steg mot ett bestämt mål, ta kontroll över sina tankar och stöd till att se positivt på framtiden. Det finns även brister och svårigheter med metoden. Denna undersökning har visat att MI inte är tillämpbart på alla patienter. MI kan vara en svår metod att lära sig och det finns en del brister i utbildningen.
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NGUYEN, NGOC TUNG. "Conserving Hue Traditional Garden Houses for Contemporary Use in Hue Citadel Area, Vietnam." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/161041.
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Dwomoh, Nana Kwabena. "Women as Other: Hemingways portrayal of females in To Have and Have Not." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för kultur och lärande, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-24209.
Full textAbstract:
This essay explores Hemingway’s depiction of women in the novel To Have and Have Not. In To Have and Have Not , the novel explored in this essay, traits of Hemingway’s renowned sexist depiction of women have been investigated, and the purpose of the essay was to illuminate that the women of To Have and Have Not are reduced to roles which resembles Simone de Beauvoir’s observations, namely the perception of women as the Other, assuming subordinate roles. In order to achieve this task, a close reading has been done on Hemingway’s novel To Have and Have Not , and his portrayal of five female characters in the novel has been analyzed. Simone de Beauvoir’s theory has been applied for an understanding of these female characters in order to see if these women were portrayed in a manner resembling de Beauvoir notions, that is, marked by patriarchal perspectives. The conclusion drawn in this essay is that all the women in the novel are portrayed as “absolute sex”, subordinated to men. Thus, the depictions of the women in the novel To Have and Have Not were found to correspond to patriarchal gender roles as described by Simone de Beauvoir.
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Dwomoh, Nana Kwabena. "Women as Other: Hemingway's portrayal of females in To Have and Have Not." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för kultur och lärande, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-24360.
Full textAbstract:
This essay explores Hemingway’s depiction of women in the novel To Have and Have Not. In To Have and Have Not, the novel explored in this essay, traits of Hemingway’s renowned sexist depiction of women have been investigated, and the purpose of the essay was to illuminate that the women of To Have and Have Not are reduced to roles which resembles Simone de Beauvoir’s observations, namely the perception of women as the Other, assuming subordinate roles. In order to achieve this task, a close reading has been done on Hemingway’s novel To Have and Have Not, and his portrayal of five female characters in the novel has been analyzed. Simone de Beauvoir’s theory has been applied for an understanding of these female characters in order to see if these women were portrayed in a manner resembling de Beauvoir notions, that is, marked by patriarchal perspectives. The conclusion drawn in this essay is that all the women in the novel are portrayed as "absolute sex", subordinated to men. Thus, the depictions of the women in the novel To Have and Have Not were found to correspond to patriarchal gender roles as described by Simone de Beauvoir.