Relevant bibliographies by topics / HVAC control systems

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'HVAC control systems'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 15 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "HVAC control systems"

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Hussain, Abadal Salam T., F. Malek, S. Faiz Ahmed, Taha A. Taha, Shouket A. Ahmed, Mardianaliza Othman, Muhammad Irwanto Misrun, Gomesh Nair Shasidharan, and Mohd Irwan Yusoff. "Operational Optimization of High Voltage Power Station Based Fuzzy Logic Intelligent Controller." Applied Mechanics and Materials 793 (September 2015): 100–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.793.100.

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This paper discusses the use of the intelligent microcontroller and also discusses the results from the simulation application of fuzzy logic theory to the control of the high voltage direct and alternation current (HVDC)& (HVAC) power station systems. The application considered their implementation in both low and high level control systems in HVDC& HVAC power station systems. The results for the fuzzy logic based controller shows many improvements compared to the conventional HVDC& HVAC control system. The fuzzy logic based controller concept was further successfully extended to high level control of optimization problems such as the power swings. Based on simulation results, HVDC and HVAC breaker design are online protection against unwanted incidents happening to the system.
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Javed, Umar, Neelam Mughees, Muhammad Jawad, Omar Azeem, Ghulam Abbas, Nasim Ullah, Md Shahariar Chowdhury, Kuaanan Techato, Khurram Shabih Zaidi, and Umair Tahir. "A Systematic Review of Key Challenges in Hybrid HVAC–HVDC Grids." Energies 14, no. 17 (September 1, 2021): 5451. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14175451.

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The concept of hybrid high-voltage alternating current (HVAC) and high-voltage direct current (HVDC) grid systems brings a massive advantage to reduce AC line loading, increased utilization of network infrastructure, and lower operational costs. However, it comes with issues, such as integration challenges, control strategies, optimization control, and security. The combined objectives in hybrid HVAC–HVDC grids are to achieve the fast regulation of DC voltage and frequency, optimal power flow, and stable operation during normal and abnormal conditions. The rise in hybrid HVAC–HVDC grids and associated issues are reviewed in this study along with state-of-the-art literature and developments that focus on modeling robust droop control, load frequency control, and DC voltage regulation techniques. The definitions, characteristics, and classifications of key issues are introduced. The paper summaries the key insights of hybrid HVAC–HVDC grids, current developments, and future research directions and prospects, which have led to the evolution of this field. Therefore, the motivation, novelty, and the main contribution of the survey is to comprehensively analyze the integration challenges, implemented control algorithms, employed optimization algorithms, and major security challenges of hybrid HVAC–HVDC systems. Moreover, future research prospects are identified, such as security algorithms’ constraints, dynamic contingency modeling, and cost-effective and reliable operation.
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Bidadfar, Ali, Oscar Saborío-Romano, Jayachandra Naidu Sakamuri, Vladislav Akhmatov, Nicolaos Antonio Cutululis, and Poul Ejnar Sørensen. "Coordinated Control of HVDC and HVAC Power Transmission Systems Integrating a Large Offshore Wind Farm." Energies 12, no. 18 (September 6, 2019): 3435. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12183435.

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The development of efficient and reliable offshore electrical transmission infrastructure is a key factor in the proliferation of offshore wind farms (OWFs). Traditionally, high-voltage AC (HVAC) transmission has been used for OWFs. Recently, voltage-source-converter-based (VSC-based) high-voltage DC (VSC-HVDC) transmission technologies have also been considered due to their grid-forming capabilities. Diode-rectifier-based (DR-based) HVDC (DR-HVDC) transmission is also getting attention due to its increased reliability and reduced offshore platform footprint. Parallel operation of transmission systems using such technologies can be expected in the near future as new OWFs are planned in the vicinity of existing ones, with connections to more than one onshore AC system. This work addresses the control and parallel operation of three transmission links: VSC-HVDC, DR-HVDC, and HVAC, connecting a large OWF (cluster) to three different onshore AC systems. The HVAC link forms the offshore AC grid, while the diode rectifier and the wind farm are synchronized to this grid voltage. The offshore HVDC converter can operate in grid-following or grid-forming mode, depending on the requirement. The contributions of this paper are threefold. (1) Novel DR- and VSC-HVDC control methods are proposed for the parallel operation of the three transmission systems. (2) An effective control method for the offshore converter of VSC-HVDC is proposed such that it can effectively operate as either a grid-following or a grid-forming converter. (3) A novel phase-locked loop (PLL) control for VSC-HVDC is proposed for the easy transition from the grid-following to the grid-forming converter in case the HVAC link trips. Dynamic simulations in PSCAD validate the ability of the proposed controllers to ride through faults and transition between grid-following and grid-forming operation.
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Narayan, R. S., S. Mohan, and K. Sunitha. "Simulative Study into the Development of a Hybrid HVDC System Through a Comparative Research with HVAC: a Futuristic Approach." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 7, no. 3 (June 12, 2017): 1600–1604. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.1192.

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High Voltage Direct Current Transmission (HVDC) is considered a better solution for bulk long distance transmissions. The increased use of HVDC is a result of its advantages over the HVAC systems and especially of its fault stability nature. A better solution is proposed by using a Voltage Source Controlled–HVDC as one of the infeed for the Multi-Infeed HVDC (MIDC or MI-HVDC) systems. The main advantage with the VSC converter is its flexible power control which enhances the stability of the MIDC systems. In this paper, the behavior of an HVDC system is compared with that of an HVAC during faults. A Hybrid HVDC system that includes a LCC as a rectifier unit and a VSC converter as the inverter is being proposed. It is considered suitable for MIDC systems and particularly for supplying a weak AC system. The performance of the system during steady state and transient conditions for all the proposed topologies including HVDC, HVAC and Hybrid HVDC are studied in MATLAB/SIMULINK. All of the proposed control strategies are evaluated via a series of simulation case studies.
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Georgiev, Zdravko. "BENCHMARKING OF HVAC CONTROL SYSTEMS." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 39, no. 19 (2006): 225–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3182/20061002-4-bg-4905.00038.

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Kim, Sung-Kyung, Won-Hwa Hong, Jung-Ha Hwang, Myung-Sup Jung, and Yong-Seo Park. "Optimal Control Method for HVAC Systems in Offices with a Control Algorithm Based on Thermal Environment." Buildings 10, no. 5 (May 21, 2020): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings10050095.

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This study examined a method to reduce energy consumption in office buildings. Correspondingly, an optimal control method was proposed for heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems via two control algorithms that considered the indoor thermal environment. The control algorithms were developed by considering temperature and humidity as the factors of the indoor thermal environment that influence the control of HVAC systems and the predicted mean vote comfort ranges. Furthermore, an experiment was performed using office equipment that incorporated the two control algorithms for HVAC systems, and the correlation between changes in the thermal environment within the office and the occupant’s comfort levels was estimated via an actual survey. The results demonstrated that the proposed control method for HVAC systems, which considered the comfort ranges of temperature and humidity and the thermal adaptation capability, can efficiently maintain the occupant’s comfort with lower energy usage compared with conventional HVAC systems. Thus, the use of the control method contributes to the reduction of total energy consumption in buildings with HVAC systems.
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Øgård, O., H. Brustad, and V. Novakovič. "Simulation and Control of HVAC Systems." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 20, no. 12 (September 1987): 269–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-6670(17)55642-6.

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Tiğrek, Tûba, Soura Dasgupta, and Theodore F. Smith. "NONLINEAR OPTIMAL CONTROL OF HVAC SYSTEMS." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 35, no. 1 (2002): 149–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3182/20020721-6-es-1901.01578.

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Anderson, M., M. Buehner, P. Young, D. Hittle, C. Anderson, Jilin Tu, and D. Hodgson. "MIMO Robust Control for HVAC Systems." IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology 16, no. 3 (May 2008): 475–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcst.2007.903392.

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Lin, Chang-Ming, Hsin-Yu Liu, Ko-Ying Tseng, and Sheng-Fuu Lin. "Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning System Optimization Control Strategy Involving Fan Coil Unit Temperature Control." Applied Sciences 9, no. 11 (June 11, 2019): 2391. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9112391.

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The objective of this study was to develop a heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system optimization control strategy involving fan coil unit (FCU) temperature control for energy conservation in chilled water systems to enhance the operating efficiency of HVAC systems. The proposed control strategy involves three techniques, which are described as follows. The first technique is an algorithm for dynamic FCU temperature setting, which enables the FCU temperature to be set in accordance with changes in the outdoor temperature to satisfy the indoor thermal comfort for occupants. The second technique is an approach for determining the indoor cold air demand, which collects the set FCU temperature and converts it to the refrigeration ton required for the chilled water system; this serves as the control target for ensuring optimal HVAC operation. The third technique is a genetic algorithm for calculating the minimum energy consumption for an HVAC system. The genetic algorithm determines the pump operating frequency associated with minimum energy consumption per refrigeration ton to control energy conservation. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed HVAC system optimization control strategy combining FCU temperature control, this study conducted a field experiment. The results revealed that the proposed strategy enabled an HVAC system to achieve 39.71% energy conservation compared with an HVAC system operating at full load.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "HVAC control systems"

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Alvsvåg, Øyvind. "HVAC-systems : Modeling, simulation and control of HVAC-systems." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for teknisk kybernetikk, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-13821.

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It is of interest for companies to keep the annual operating cost of their buildings as low as possible. A substantial share of the annual operating costs are due to the large amount of energy needed for heating of the ventilated air and heating of the rooms inside the buildings. Also much of the electrical energy in the world today is created using fossil fuel or charcoal. This has an environmental aspect and the consumers of energy becomes more and more aware of this. Thus reducing the energy used by a buildings HVAC system can save the users for considerable expenditures and also has an environmental aspect.To find an estimate of the energy consumption a mathematical model representing a building and its HVAC system have been made. This model has been made up of several smaller models representing each component present in the building. These models have then been implemented in verb|Simulink| and the response of the system has been simulated for different scenarios. From these simulations the energy consumption has been extracted and compared to each other. Thus the amount of energy saved for each scenario has been found. The models include two type of controllers to see whether or not the choice of controller design affects the energy efficiency of the system. These two controller designs are the PID controller and the MPC control scheme. Also a discretized and simplified model of the building to be used together with the MPC controller has been found using system identification. In addition to this a Kalman filter that estimates unknown states and filter out disturbances are included in the MPC control scheme.The results from the simulations using a PID controller indicates a possible annual saving of substantial amounts. Thus this report shows that the annual energy consumption in a building can be greatly reduced by introducing simple and relatively cheap modifications to the HVAC system. The results from the simulations using the MPC scheme indicates that even more energy can be saved using this advanced control scheme. However, in order to verify this the MPC controller needs to be fine tuned and several more experiments needs to be reviewed.
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Tigrek, Tuba. "Nonlinear adaptive optimal control of HVAC systems." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2001. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/3429.

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Jung, Wooyoung. "Decentralized HVAC Operations: Novel Sensing Technologies and Control for Human-Aware HVAC Operations." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/97600.

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Advances in Information and Communication Technology (ICT) paved the way for decentralized Heating, Ventilation, and Air-Conditioning (HVAC) HVAC operations. It has been envisioned that development of personal thermal comfort profiles leads to accurate predictions of each occupant's thermal comfort state and such information is employed in context-aware HVAC operations for energy efficiency. This dissertation has three key contributions in realizing this envisioned HVAC operation. First, it presents a systematic review of research trends and developments in context-aware HVAC operations. Second, it contributes to expanding the feasibility of the envisioned HVAC operation by introducing novel sensing technologies. Third, it contributes to shedding light on viability and potentials of comfort-aware operations (i.e., integrating personal thermal comfort models into HVAC control logic) through a comprehensive assessment of energy efficiency implications. In the first contribution, by developing a taxonomy, two major modalities – occupancy-driven and comfort-aware operations – in Human-In-The-Loop (HITL) HVAC operations were identified and reviewed quantitatively and qualitatively. The synthesis of previous studies has indicated that field evaluations of occupancy-driven operations showed lower potentials in energy saving, compared to the ones with comfort-aware operations. However, the results in comfort-aware operations could be biased given the small number of explorations. Moreover, required data representation schema have been presented to foster constructive performance assessments across different research efforts. In the end, the current state of research and future directions of HITL HVAC operations were discussed to shed light on future research need. As the second contribution, moving toward expanding the feasibility of comfort-aware operations, novel and smart sensing solutions have been introduced. It has been noted that, in order to have high accuracy in predicting individual's thermal comfort state (≥90%), user physiological response data play a key part. However, the limited number of applicable sensing technologies (e.g., infrared cameras) has impeded the potentials of implementation. After defining required characteristics in physiological sensing solutions in context of comfort-aware operations (applicability, sensitivity, ubiquity, and non-intrusiveness), the potentials of RGB cameras, Doppler radar sensors, and heat flux sensors were evaluated. RGB cameras, available in many smart computing devices, could be a ubiquitous solution in quantifying thermoregulation states. Leveraging the mechanism of skin blood perfusion, two thermoregulation state quantification methods have been developed. Then, applicability and sensitivity were checked with two experimental studies. In the first experimental study aiming to see applicability (distinguishing between 20 and 30C with fully acclimated human bodies), for 16 out of 18 human subjects, an increase in their blood perfusion was observed. In the second experimental study aiming to evaluate sensitivity (distinguishing responses to a continuous variation of air temperature from 20 to 30C), 10 out of 15 subjects showed a positive correlation between blood perfusion and thermal sensations. Also, the superiority of heat flux data, compared to skin temperature data, has been demonstrated in predicting personal thermal comfort states through the developments of machine-learning-based prediction models with feature engineering. Specifically, with random forest classifier, the median value of prediction accuracy was improved by 3.8%. Lastly, Doppler radar sensors were evaluated for their capability of quantifying user thermoregulation states leveraging the periodic movement of the chest/abdomen area induced by respiration. In an experimental study, the results showed that, with sufficient acclimation time, the DRS-based approach could show distinction between respiration states for two distinct air temperatures (20 and 30C). On the other hand, in a transient temperature without acclimation time, it was shown that, some of the human subjects (38.9%) used respiration as an active means of heat exchange for thermoregulation. Lastly, a comprehensive evaluation of comfort-aware operations' performance was carried out with a diverse set of contextual and operational factors. First, a novel comfort-aware operation strategy was introduced to leverage personal sensitivity to thermal comfort (i.e., different responses to temperature changes; e.g., sensitive to being cold) in optimization. By developing an agent-based simulation framework and thorough diverse scenarios with different numbers and combinations of occupants (i.e., human agents in the simulation), it was shown that this approach is superior in generating collectively satisfying environments against other approaches focusing on individual preferred temperatures in selection of optimized setpoints. The energy implications of comfort-aware operations were also evaluated to understand the impact from a wide range of factors (e.g., human and building factors) and their combinatorial effect given the uncertainty of multioccupancy scenarios. The results demonstrated that characteristics of occupants' thermal comfort profiles are dominant in impacting the energy use patterns, followed by the number of occupants, and the operational strategies. In addition, when it comes to energy efficiency, more occupants in a thermal zone/building result in reducing the efficacy of comfort-driven operation (i.e., the integration of personal thermal comfort profiles). Hence, this study provided a better understanding of true viability of comfort-driven HVAC operations and provided the probabilistic bounds of energy saving potentials. These series of studies have been presented as seven journal articles and they are included in this dissertation.
Doctor of Philosophy
With vision of a smart built environment, capable of understanding the contextual dynamics of built environment and adaptively adjusting its operation, this dissertation contributes to context-aware/decentralized HVAC operations. Three key contributions in realization of this goal include: (1) a systematic review of research trends and developments in the last decade, (2) enhancing the feasibility of quantifying personal thermal comfort by presenting novel sensing solutions, and (3) a comprehensive assessment of energy efficiency implications from comfort-aware HVAC operations with the use of personal comfort models. Starting from identifying two major modalities of context-aware HVAC operations, occupancy-driven and comfort-aware, the first part of this dissertation presents a quantitative and qualitative review and synthesis of the developments, trends, and remaining research questions in each modality. Field evaluation studies using occupancy-driven operations have shown median energy savings between 6% and 15% depending on the control approach. On the other hand, the comfort-aware HVAC operations have shown 20% energy savings, which were mainly derived from small-scale test beds in similar climate regions. From a qualitative technology development standpoint, the maturity of occupancy-driven technologies for field deployment could be interpreted to be higher than comfort-aware technologies while the latter has shown higher potentials. Moreover, by learning from the need for comparing different methods of operations, required data schemas have been proposed to foster better benchmarking and effective performance assessment across studies. The second part of this dissertation contributes to the cornerstone of comfort-aware operations by introducing novel physiological sensing solutions. Previous studies demonstrated that, in predicting individual's thermal comfort states, using physiological data in model development plays a key role in increasing accuracy (>90%). However, available sensing technologies in this context have been limited. Hence, after identifying essential characteristics for sensing solutions (applicability, sensitivity, ubiquity, and non-intrusiveness), the potentials of RGB cameras, heat flux sensors, and Doppler radar sensors were evaluated. RGB cameras, available in many smart devices, could be programmed to measure the level of blood flow to skin, regulated by the human thermoregulation mechanism. Accordingly, two thermoregulation states' quantification methods by using RGB video images have been developed and assessed under two experimental studies: (i) capturing subjects' facial videos in two opposite temperatures with sufficient acclimation time (20 and 30C), and (ii) capturing facial videos when subjects changed their thermal sensations in a continuous variation of air temperature from 20 to 30C. Promising results were observed in both situations. The first study had subjects and 16 of them showed an increasing trend in blood flow to skin. In the second study, posing more challenges due to insufficient acclimation time, 10 subjects had a positive correlation between the level of blood flow to skin with thermal sensation. With the assumption that heat flux sensing will be a better reflection of thermoregulation sates, a machine learning framework was developed and tested. The use of heat flux sensing showed an accuracy of 97% with an almost 4% improvement compared to skin temperature. Lastly, Doppler radar sensors were evaluated for their capability of quantifying thermoregulation states by detecting changes in breathing patterns. In an experimental study, the results showed that, with sufficient acclimation time, the DRS-based approach could show distinction between respiration states for two distinct air temperatures (20 and 30C). However, using a transient temperature was proven to be more challenging. It was noted that for some of the human subjects (38.9%), respiration was detected as an active means of heat exchange. It was concluded that specialized artifact removal algorithms might help improve the detection rate. The third component of the dissertation contributed by studying the performance of comfort-driven operations (i.e., using personal comfort preferences for HVAC operations) under a diverse set of contextual and operational factors. Diverse scenarios for interaction between occupants and building systems were evaluated by using different numbers and combinations of occupants, and it was demonstrated that an approach of addressing individual's thermal comfort sensitivity (personal thermal-comfort-related responses to temperature changes) outperforms other approaches solely focusing on individual preferred temperatures. The energy efficiency implications of comfort-driven operations were then evaluated by accounting for the impact of human and building factors (e.g., number of thermal zones) and their combinations. The results showed that characteristics of occupants' thermal comfort profiles are dominant in driving the energy use patterns, followed by the number of occupants, and operational strategies. As one of the main outcomes of this study, the energy saving and efficiency (energy use for comfort improvement) potentials and probabilistic bounds of comfort-driven operations were identified. It was shown that keeping the number of occupants low (under 6) in a thermal zone/building, boosts the energy saving potentials of comfort-driven operations. These series of studies have been presented as seven journal articles, included in this dissertation.
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Joergensen, Dorte Rich. "Automated commissioning of building control systems." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.244525.

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Van, Heerden Eugene. "Integrated simulation of building thermal performance, HVAC system and control." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/37304.

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Practicing engineers need an integrated building, HVAC and control simulation tool for optimum HVAC design and retrofit. Various tools are available to the researchers, but these are not appropriate for the consulting engineer. To provide the engineer with a tool which can be used for typical HVAC projects, new models for building, HVAC and control simulation are introduced and integrated in a user-friendly, quick-to-use tool. The new thermal model for buildings is based on a transfer matrix description of the heat transfer through the building shell. It makes provision for the various heat flow paths that make up the overall heat flow through the building structure. The model has been extensively verified with one hundred and three case studies. These case studies were conducted on a variety of buildings, ranging from a 4m2 bathroom, to a 7755 m2 factory building. Eight of the case studies were conducted independently in the Negev Desert in Israel. The thermal model is also used in a program that was custom-made for the AGREMENT Board (certification board for the thermal performance of new low-cost housing projects). Extensions to the standard tool were introduced to predict the potential for condensation on the various surfaces. Standard user patterns were incorporated in the program so that all the buildings are evaluated on the same basis. In the second part of this study the implementation of integrated simulation is discussed. A solution algorithm, based on the Tarjan depth first-search algorithm, was implemented. This ensures that the minimum number of variables are identified. A quasi-Newton solution algorithm is used to solve the resultant simultaneous equations. Various extensions to the HVAC and control models and simulation originally suggested by Rousseau [1] were implemented. Firstly, the steady-state models were extended by using a simplified time-constant approach to emulate the dynamic response of the equipment. Secondly, a C02 model for the building zone was implemented. Thirdly, the partload performance of particular equipment was implemented. Further extensions to the simulation tool were implemented so that energy management strategies could be simulated. A detailed discussion of the implications of the energy management systems was given and the benefits of using these strategies were clearly illustrated, in this study. Finally, the simulation tool was verified by three case studies. The buildings used for the verification ranged from a five-storeyed office and laboratory building, to a domestic dwelling. The energy consumption and the dynamics of the HVAC systems could be predicted sufficiently accurately to warrant the use of the tool for future building retrofit studies
Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 1997.
gm2014
Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering
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Pietruschka, Dirk. "Model based control optimisation of renewable energy based HVAC Systems." Thesis, De Montfort University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/4022.

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During the last 10 years solar cooling systems attracted more and more interest not only in the research area but also on a private and commercial level. Several demonstration plants have been installed in different European countries and first companies started to commercialise also small scale absorption cooling machines. However, not all of the installed systems operate efficiently and some are, from the primary energy point of view, even worse than conventional systems with a compression chiller. The main reason for this is a poor system design combined with suboptimal control. Often several non optimised components, each separately controlled, are put together to form a ‘cooling system’. To overcome these drawbacks several attempts are made within IEA task 38 (International Energy Agency Solar Heating and Cooling Programme) to improve the system design through optimised design guidelines which are supported by simulation based design tools. Furthermore, guidelines for an optimised control of different systems are developed. In parallel several companies like the SolarNext AG in Rimsting, Germany started the development of solar cooling kits with optimised components and optimised system controllers. To support this process the following contributions are made within the present work: - For the design and dimensioning of solar driven absorption cooling systems a detailed and structured simulation based analysis highlights the main influencing factors on the required solar system size to reach a defined solar fraction on the overall heating energy demand of the chiller. These results offer useful guidelines for an energy and cost efficient system design. - Detailed system simulations of an installed solar cooling system focus on the influence of the system configuration, control strategy and system component control on the overall primary energy efficiency. From the results found a detailed set of clear recommendations for highly energy efficient system configurations and control of solar driven absorption cooling systems is provided. - For optimised control of open desiccant evaporative cooling systems (DEC) an innovative model based system controller is developed and presented. This controller consists of an electricity optimised sequence controller which is assisted by a primary energy optimisation tool. The optimisation tool is based on simplified simulation models and is intended to be operated as an online tool which evaluates continuously the optimum operation mode of the DEC system to ensure high primary energy efficiency of the system. Tests of the controller in the simulation environment showed that compared to a system with energy optimised standard control the innovative model based system controller can further improve the primary energy efficiency by 19 %.
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Riederer, Peter. "Thermal room modelling adapted to the test of HVAC control systems." Doctoral thesis, [S.l. : s.n.], 2002. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=967121663.

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Riederer, Peter. "Thermal room modelling adapted to the test of HVAC control systems." Doctoral thesis, Technische Universität Dresden, 2001. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A24191.

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Room models, currently used for controller tests, assume the room air to be perfectly mixed. A new room model is developed, assuming non-homogeneous room conditions and distinguishing between different sensor positions. From measurement in real test rooms and detailed CFD simulations, a list of convective phenomena is obtained that has to be considered in the development of a model for a room equipped with different HVAC systems. The zonal modelling approach that divides the room air into several sub-volumes is chosen, since it is able to represent the important convective phenomena imposed on the HVAC system. The convective room model is divided into two parts: a zonal model, representing the air at the occupant zone and a second model, providing the conditions at typical sensor positions. Using this approach, the comfort conditions at the occupant zone can be evaluated as well as the impact of different sensor positions. The model is validated for a test room equipped with different HVAC systems. Sensitivity analysis is carried out on the main parameters of the model. Performance assessment and energy consumption are then compared for different sensor positions in a room equipped with different HVAC systems. The results are also compared with those obtained when a well-mixed model is used. A main conclusion of these tests is, that the differences obtained, when changing the position of the controller's sensor, is a function of the HVAC system and controller type. The differences are generally small in terms of thermal comfort but significant in terms of overall energy consumption. For different HVAC systems the cases are listed, in which the use of a simplified model is not recommended. This PhD has been submitted in accordance to the conditions for attaining both the French and the German degree of a PhD, on a co-national basis, in the frame of a statement of the French government from January 18th, 1994. The research has been carried out in the Automation and Energy Management Group (AGE), Department of Sustainable Development (DDD), at the "Centre Scientifique et Technique du Bâtiment" (CSTB) in Marne la Vallée, France, in collaboration with the "Centre Energétique" (CENERG) at the "Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris" (ENSMP), Paris, France and the Technical University of Dresden (TUD), Germany.
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Fabietti, Luca. "Control of HVAC Systems via Explicit and Implicit MPC: an Experimental Case Study." Thesis, KTH, Reglerteknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-144204.

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Buildings are among the largest consumers of energy in the world. A significant part of this energy can be attributed to Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems, which play an important role in maintaining acceptable thermal and air quality conditions in common building. For this reason, improving energy eciency in buildings is today a primary objective for the building industry, as well as for the society in general. However, in order to successfully control buildings, control systems must continuously adapt the operation of the building to various uncertainties (external air temperature, occupants' activities, etc.) while making sure that energy eciency does not compromise occupant's comfort and well-being. Several promising approaches have been proposed; among them, Model Predictive Control has received particular attention, since it can naturally achieve systematic integration of several factors, such as weather forecasts, occupancy predictions, comfort ranges and actuation constraints. This advanced technique has been shown to bring signicant improvements in energy savings. Model Predictive Control employs a model of the system and solves an on-line optimization problem to obtain optimal control inputs. The on-line computation, as well as the modelling eort, can lead to diculties in the practical integration into a building management system. To cope with this problem, another possibility is to obtain o-line the optimal control prole as a piecewise ane and continuous function of the initial state. By doing so, the computation associated with Model Predictive Control becomes a simple function evaluation, which can be performed eciently on a simple and cheap hardware. In this thesis, an implicit and an explicit formulation of Model Predictive Control for HVAC systems are developed and compared, showing the practical advantages of the explicit formulation.
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Tukur, Ahmed Gidado. "Reducing Airflow Energy Use in Multiple Zone VAV Systems." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1467872641.

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Books on the topic "HVAC control systems"

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HVAC control systems. 2nd ed. New York: Wiley, 1988.

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HVAC controls and control systems. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Regents/Prentice Hall, 1994.

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Robert, McDowall. Fundamentals of HVAC control systems. Atlanta, GA: American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, 2011.

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Ross, Montgomery, ed. Fundamentals of HVAC control systems. Atlanta, GA: American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, 2011.

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McDowall, Robert. Fundamentals of HVAC control systems. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2009.

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H, Spethmann Donald, ed. HVAC controls and systems. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1993.

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Hartman, Thomas B. Direct digital controls for HVAC systems. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1993.

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Coffin, Michael J. Direct Digital Control for Building HVAC Systems. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1999.

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Coffin, Michael J. Direct digital control for building HVAC systems. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1992.

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Kissell, Thomas E. Electricity, electronics, and control systems for HVAC. Upper Saddle River, N.J: Prentice Hall, 1997.

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Book chapters on the topic "HVAC control systems"

1

Coffin, Michael J. "Interoperable Control Systems." In Direct Digital Control for Building HVAC Systems, 103–8. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4921-5_5.

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Coffin, Michael J. "Fundamentals of Control Systems." In Direct Digital Control for Building HVAC Systems, 17–46. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4921-5_2.

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Coffin, Michael J. "Designing Direct Digital Control Systems." In Direct Digital Control for Building HVAC Systems, 155–68. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4921-5_7.

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Coffin, Michael J. "Specifying Direct Digital Control Systems." In Direct Digital Control for Building HVAC Systems, 169–96. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4921-5_8.

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Patel, Nishith R., and James Rawlings. "Applications of MPC to Building HVAC Systems." In Handbook of Model Predictive Control, 607–23. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-77489-3_25.

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Lieberman, Alvin. "HVAC Filter and Flow Control Systems for Cleanrooms." In Contamination Control and Cleanrooms, 217–31. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-6512-9_16.

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Coffin, Michael J. "Introduction to Direct Digital Control Systems." In Direct Digital Control for Building HVAC Systems, 1–16. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4921-5_1.

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Coffin, Michael J. "Direct Digital Control Application Strategies." In Direct Digital Control for Building HVAC Systems, 109–54. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4921-5_6.

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Coffin, Michael J. "Economic Analysis of Direct Digital Control Systems." In Direct Digital Control for Building HVAC Systems, 197–212. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4921-5_9.

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Rasmussen, Bryan P., Christopher Price, Justin Koeln, Bryan Keating, and Andrew Alleyne. "HVAC System Modeling and Control: Vapor Compression System Modeling and Control." In Intelligent Building Control Systems, 73–103. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68462-8_4.

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Conference papers on the topic "HVAC control systems"

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"HVAC Control Systems." In 2018 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/etfa.2018.8502491.

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Kardos, Tamas, Denes Nimrod Kutasi, and Katalin Gyorgy. "Control strategies for HVAC systems." In 2019 IEEE 19th International Symposium on Computational Intelligence and Informatics and 7th IEEE International Conference on Recent Achievements in Mechatronics, Automation, Computer Sciences and Robotics (CINTI-MACRo). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cinti-macro49179.2019.9105198.

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Mazanec, Vojtěch, and Karel Kabele. "Low-Temperature Heating Systems Control in Low-Energy Buildings." In Advanced HVAC and Natural Gas Technologies. Riga: Riga Technical University, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.7250/rehvaconf.2015.026.

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Sklavounos, Dimitris, Evangelos Zervas, Odysseus Tsakiridis, and John Stonham. "Energy control algorithms for HVAC systems." In 2014 IEEE International Energy Conference (ENERGYCON). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/energycon.2014.6850583.

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Komareji, M., J. Stoustrup, H. Rasmussen, N. Bidstrup, P. Svendsen, and F. Nielsen. "Simplified optimal control in HVAC systems." In 2009 IEEE International Conference on Control Applications (CCA). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cca.2009.5280724.

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Arlt, Marie-Louise, Dirk Neumann, and Ram Rajagopal. "Curtailment Contract Design for HVAC Systems." In 2019 American Control Conference (ACC). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/acc.2019.8814329.

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Sane, H. S., C. Haugstetter, and S. A. Bortoff. "Building HVAC control systems - role of controls and optimization." In 2006 American Control Conference. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/acc.2006.1656367.

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Komareji, M., J. Stoustrup, H. Rasmussen, N. Bidstrup, P. Svendsen, and F. Nielsen. "Optimal Set-point Synthesis in HVAC Systems." In 2007 American Control Conference. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/acc.2007.4282452.

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Federspiel, Clifford C., and Harubiko Asada. "User-Adaptable Comfort Control for HVAC Systems." In 1992 American Control Conference. IEEE, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/acc.1992.4792549.

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Yushen Long, Shuai Liu, Lihua Xie, and K. H. Johansson. "A hierarchical distributed MPC for HVAC systems." In 2016 American Control Conference (ACC). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/acc.2016.7525274.

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Reports on the topic "HVAC control systems"

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Corbin, Charles D., Atefe Makhmalbaf, Sen Huang, Vrushali V. Mendon, Mingjie Zhao, Sriram Somasundaram, Guopeng Liu, Hung Ngo, and Srinivas Katipamula. Transactive Control of Commercial Building HVAC Systems. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1406830.

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Chamberlin, Glen A., and Victor L. Storm. Demonstration of Standard HVAC Single-Loop Digital Control Systems. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada265372.

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Haves, Phillip, Brandon Hencey, Francesco Borrell, John Elliot, Yudong Ma, Brian Coffey, Sorin Bengea, and Michael Wetter. Model Predictive Control of HVAC Systems: Implementation and Testing at the University of California, Merced. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/988177.

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Patrick O'Neill. Wireless Infrastructure for Performing Monitoring, Diagnostics, and Control HVAC and Other Energy-Using Systems in Small Commercial Buildings. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/973588.

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Baxter, Van D. Initial Business Case Analysis of Two Integrated Heat Pump HVAC Systems for Near-Zero-Energy Homes -- Update to Include Analyses of an Economizer Option and Alternative Winter Water Heating Control Option. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/931497.

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Federspiel, Clifford. Wireless Demand Response Controls for HVAC Systems. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/973101.

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Markley, D., and P. Simon. D0 HVAC System Controls Evaluation of Upgrade Options. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1032109.

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Hernandez, Adriana. HVAC & Building Management Control System Energy Efficiency Replacements. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1063877.

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Watson, T. L. ,. Westinghouse Hanford. W-026, acceptance test report HVAC control system (submittal number 1572.1). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/329780.

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Mathew, Paul, Cindy M. Regnier, Travis Walter, Jordan Shackelford, and P. Schwartz. ComEd – LBNL ‘Beyond Widgets’ Project Automated Shading Integrated with Lighting and HVAC Controls: System Program Manual. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1503668.

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