Relevant bibliographies by topics / Hurricane strikes

Academic literature on the topic 'Hurricane strikes'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Hurricane strikes"

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Bertinelli, Luisito, and Eric Strobl. "Quantifying the Local Economic Growth Impact of Hurricane Strikes: An Analysis from Outer Space for the Caribbean." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 52, no. 8 (August 2013): 1688–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jamc-d-12-0258.1.

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AbstractStudies of the impact of hurricanes on economic activity typically are restricted to a very aggregate level of analysis because of the lack of spatially disaggregated data. In this paper nightlight satellite imagery is employed as a measure of local economic activity in conjunction with a local proxy for potential hurricane destruction generated from a wind field model to statistically assess the impact of hurricane strikes on local economic growth. The regression results suggest that on average hurricane strikes reduce income growth by around 1.5% at the local level, with no effect beyond the year of the strike. This estimated impact from localized data is more than 2 times that implied by aggregate analyses.
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Mohan, Preeya, and Eric Strobl. "The Economic Impact of Hurricanes in History: Evidence from Sugar Exports in the Caribbean from 1700 to 1960." Weather, Climate, and Society 5, no. 1 (January 1, 2013): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/wcas-d-12-00029.1.

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Abstract This study estimates the economic impact of hurricane strikes in the Caribbean from 1700 to 1960. More precisely, historical accounts of hurricane strikes and actual historical hurricane tracks, in conjunction with sugar export data taken from the colonial blue books and other historical sources, were used to create a cross-colony/country and time dataset that allows for the first time the ability to evaluate the susceptibility of local sugar production to hurricanes. The regression results show that these events had generally large statistically and economically significant impacts.
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Aretz, Kevin, Shantanu Banerjee, and Oksana Pryshchepa. "In the Path of the Storm: Does Distress Risk Cause Industrial Firms to Risk-Shift?*." Review of Finance 23, no. 6 (August 21, 2018): 1115–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rof/rfy028.

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Abstract We study whether industrial firms risk-shift in response to distress risk increases induced through hurricane strikes. Using new proxies capturing deliberate managerial decisions about the risk of a firm’s operating segment portfolio, differences tests suggest that hurricane strikes prompt moderately, but not highly, distressed firms to skew their asset mixes toward riskier segments by shutting down low-risk, high-average-Q segments. In turn, the moderately distressed firms observe abnormally high failure rates after a hurricane strike. Employing covenant violation data, we offer further evidence that creditor control prevents highly distressed firms from raising their risk. Our conclusions extend those of other studies by suggesting that moderate distress risk levels can lead the managers of industrial firms to not only engage in risk-taking, but, in fact, in risk-shifting.
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Liu, Kam-biu, Houyuan Lu, and Caiming Shen. "A 1200-year proxy record of hurricanes and fires from the Gulf of Mexico coast: Testing the hypothesis of hurricane–fire interactions." Quaternary Research 69, no. 1 (January 2008): 29–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2007.10.011.

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We present here the first high-resolution pollen record of vegetation response to interactions of hurricane and fire disturbances over the past 1200 yr from a small lake in Alabama on the Gulf of Mexico coast. The paleo tempestological record inferred from the over wash sand layers suggests that the Alabama coast was directly struck by Saffir–Simpson category 4 or 5 hurricanes twice during the last 1200 yr, around 1170 and 860 cal yr BP, suggesting an annual landfall probability of 0.17% for these intense hurricanes. The charcoal data suggest that intense fires occurred after each of these hurricanes. The pollen data suggest that populations of halophytic plants (Chenopodiaceae) and heliophytic shrubs (Myrica) expanded after the hurricane strikes, probably due to saltwater intrusion into the marshes and soil salinization caused by over wash processes. Populations of pines (Pinussp.) decreased significantly after each intense hurricane and the ensuing intense fire, suggesting that repeated hurricane–fire interactions resulted in high tree mortality and probably impeded recruitment and recovery. Our data support the hypothesis that the likelihood and intensity of fire increased significantly after a major hurricane, producing responses by vegetation that are more complex and unpredictable than if the disturbance agents were acting singly and independently.
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WENDLING, PATRICE. "Vibrio Illness Strikes After Hurricane Katrina." Pediatric News 39, no. 11 (November 2005): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0031-398x(05)70708-6.

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Beven II, John L., and Eric S. Blake. "Atlantic Hurricane Season of 2010*." Monthly Weather Review 143, no. 9 (August 31, 2015): 3329–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr-d-11-00264.1.

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Abstract The 2010 Atlantic hurricane season was marked by above-average tropical cyclone activity with the formation of 19 tropical storms. A total of 12 of the storms became hurricanes and 5 became major hurricanes (category 3 or higher on the Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale). In addition, there were two tropical depressions that did not reach storm strength. These totals were well above the long-term averages of 11 named storms, 6 hurricanes, and 2 major hurricanes. The areas most affected by the 2010 storms were eastern Mexico, Central America, and the island nations of the western Caribbean Sea, where multiple strikes occurred. In addition, two hurricanes struck eastern Canada. Despite the high level of activity, no hurricanes made landfall in the United States in 2010. The death toll from the 2010 Atlantic tropical cyclones was 189. A verification of National Hurricane Center official forecasts during 2010 is also presented. The 2010 mean track errors were slightly larger than the previous 5-yr average at 12 and 24 h and much smaller at the other forecast times, even though the 2010 track forecasts were more difficult than normal. The 2010 mean intensity forecast errors were larger than the previous 5-yr average at 12–48 h, smaller at the longer forecast times, and had a high bias at all forecast times. As with the track forecasts, the 2010 intensity forecasts were more difficult than normal at all forecast times.
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Spencer, Nekeisha, and Mikhail-Ann Urquhart. "Hurricane Strikes and Migration: Evidence from Storms in Central America and the Caribbean." Weather, Climate, and Society 10, no. 3 (July 1, 2018): 569–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/wcas-d-17-0057.1.

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Abstract This study estimates the impact of hurricanes on migration from 30 Central American and Caribbean countries to the United States from 1989 to 2005. In contrast to previous studies, hurricane destruction indices are employed to study the relationship of hurricanes and migration. These indices measure geographical destruction, which gives a more comprehensive and accurate view of the damage and impact that hurricanes have on the movement of people to international destinations. Controlling for the host country’s migrant stock and the home country’s income, country fixed-effects estimation shows that hurricanes have a positive impact on the ratio of the number of migrants to the home country’s population. On average, hurricanes increase migration by roughly 6%, but the impact is greater for more damaging storms. Estimating the geographical effects reveals that the size of this impact varies across countries. The most damaging storms are related to an increase up to 540% in the ratio of migrants to the home country’s population.
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Martinez, Andrew B. "Forecast Accuracy Matters for Hurricane Damage." Econometrics 8, no. 2 (May 14, 2020): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/econometrics8020018.

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I analyze damage from hurricane strikes on the United States since 1955. Using machine learning methods to select the most important drivers for damage, I show that large errors in a hurricane’s predicted landfall location result in higher damage. This relationship holds across a wide range of model specifications and when controlling for ex-ante uncertainty and potential endogeneity. Using a counterfactual exercise I find that the cumulative reduction in damage from forecast improvements since 1970 is about $82 billion, which exceeds the U.S. government’s spending on the forecasts and private willingness to pay for them.
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Yao, Qiang, Marcelo Cancela Lisboa Cohen, Kam-biu Liu, Adriana Vivan de Souza, and Erika Rodrigues. "Nature versus Humans in Coastal Environmental Change: Assessing the Impacts of Hurricanes Zeta and Ida in the Context of Beach Nourishment Projects in the Mississippi River Delta." Remote Sensing 14, no. 11 (May 28, 2022): 2598. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14112598.

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Hurricanes are one of the most devastating earth surface processes. In 2020 and 2021, Hurricanes Zeta and Ida pounded the Mississippi River Delta in two consecutive years, devastated South Louisiana, and raised tremendous concerns for scientists and stakeholders around the world. This study presents a high-resolution spatial-temporal analysis incorporating planialtimetric data acquired via LIDAR, drone, and satellite to investigate the shoreline dynamics near Port Fourchon, Louisiana, the eye of Ida at landfall, before and after the beach nourishment project and recent hurricane landfalls. The remote sensing analysis shows that the volume of the ~2 km studied beachfront was reduced by 240,858 m3 after consecutive landfalls of Hurricanes Zeta and Ida in 2020 and 2021, while 82,915 m3 of overwash fans were transported to the backbarrier areas. Overall, the studied beach front lost almost 40% of its volume in 2019, while the average dune crest height was reduced by over 1 m and the shoreline retreated ~60 m after the two hurricane strikes. Our spatial-temporal dataset suggests that the Louisiana Coastal Protection and Restoration Authority’s (CPRA’s) beach nourishment effort successfully stabilized the beach barrier at Port Fourchon during the hurricane-quiescent years but was not adequate to protect the shoreline at the Mississippi River Delta from intense hurricane landfalls. Our study supports the conclusion that, in the absence of further human intervention, Bay Champagne will likely disappear completely into the Gulf of Mexico within the next 40 years.
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Berke, Philip R., Timothy Beatley, and Clarence Feagin. "Hurricane Gilbert strikes Jamaica: Linking disaster recovery to development." Coastal Management 21, no. 1 (January 1993): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08920759309362189.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Hurricane strikes"

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Pyburn, James. "A 2,205-year record of tropical cyclone strikes near Yucatán, Mexico, from mud layers in a stalagmite." Thesis, Boston College, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/1180.

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Thesis advisor: Amy Frappier
Tropical cyclones (TCs), known as hurricanes in the Atlantic and Typhoons in the Pacific, are among the most destructive and deadly natural disasters that occur on Earth. Attempts to understand how TCs relate to the global climate system, and future risk assessments are dependent upon having records of TC activity that pre-date the modern meteorological records, which are commonly not older than 130 years (Nott, 2003). Paleotempestology is a sub-discipline of paleoclimatology that attempts to extend the TC record beyond the meteorological record through the use of proxies. Presented here is the establishment of a paleotempestology proxy based on clastic mud being suspended in the water column by floods caused by TCs and deposited in stalagmite CH-1, collected in June of 2007 from Cenote Chaltun-Ha, a low-lying cave from the Yucatán Peninsula. CH-1 was dated by a combination of 210Pb, U/Th, and layer counting techniques, creating an age model for its entire length. The years with mud layers were compared to the historical TC record from 1852-2006. Nineteen mud layers were identified for this time period. All of the mud layers deposited in years with at least one TC passing within 330 km of Cenote Chaltun-Ha. A total of 265 mud layers were identified in CH-1 dating from 198 BC to 2006 AD. Relatively high TC frequency, ~16 mud layers/century, was recorded in CH-1 from 198 BC to ~1233 AD. This period was followed by eight centuries of relatively low TC frequency, ~7 mud layers/century. The low frequency period hit a low point in the 1600s with 4 mud layers. Since the 1600s the TC frequency recorded in CH-1 has been on the rise, indicating possible periods of higher than present TC frequency in the future for the Yucatán region. This trend of high TC frequency followed by a sudden drop and subsequent increase is also reported in published sand overwash deposit research. δ;18O and δ;13 values collected from CH-1 provide insight into the timing of regional droughts. A low δ;18O value from 1815 provides evidence that "The Year Without a Summer" caused by the 1815 eruption of the Tambora volcano in Indonesia had a climatic effect on the Yucatán. A land-use signal related to the agricultural production boom of Agave Fourcroydes, a succulent plant known as Henequen, in the early 20th century was also detected in δ;13C values
Thesis (MS) — Boston College, 2010
Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Geology and Geophysics
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Vogt, Juliane. "Modeling gap dynamics, succession, and disturbance regimes of mangrove forests." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-89901.

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Despite their important ecosystem benefits for terrestrial and marine flora and fauna and the human livelihood mangrove forests suffer a high loss rate mainly due to human activity. Aside from these impacts, natural forest disturbances exist more commonly in mangroves compared to other forests as a direct consequence of their exposed coastal location. Within this thesis I investigate the influence of natural disturbance regimes on the mangrove forest dynamics focusing in particular on the ecological role of disturbances, disturbance patterns, forest structure, succession behavior and long-term vulnerability evaluation. The study areas were set in the Indian River Lagoon in Florida (USA) and in Can Gio an UNESCO Biosphere Reserve (Vietnam). In addition, theoretical simulation studies were carried out to complement the field studies. Thereby, in our study at the Indian River Lagoon site I investigated the ecosystem response to hurricane events of an artificially impounded mangrove forest. In Can Gio, the suitability of lightning strike – caused gaps for setting a homogenous plantation into more natural-like state according to species composition and forest structure was analyzed. Finally, a theoretical simulation study was carried out to compare lightning strike and hurricane events regarding their homogenization and heterogenization effects on the spatio-temporal forest structure. The findings of the field study in the Indian River Lagoon indicate that hurricane events had a severe impact on forest areas in higher successional stages by creating open patches, whereas areas in lower successional stages remained largely undisturbed. Furthermore, the impoundment determines the species selection of the post-hurricane succession by favoring flooding-tolerant species. However, regeneration was found to be impaired by the artificially high inundation regime at some disturbed patches. The lightning-strike disturbances enhance the species composition in the monospecific plantation in Can Gio by providing a sufficient light regime for entering seeds to establish. In addition, lightning-strike gaps increased the plantation structure complexity. Regenerating lightning-strike gaps remained as “green islands” within windthrow sites in the plantation due to their low stature and provided seeds for surrounding disturbed areas thereby accelerating their recolonization. The results of the simulation analysis of a theoretical landscape showed that in the simulated highly complex natural mature forests all disturbance regimes entail homogenization on the spatial structure compared to an undisturbed scenario. The hurricane scenario showed an increased temporal variation of the forest dynamics whereas lightning-strike gaps were not able to contribute to additional heterogeneity in the simulated area, despite of having the same tree mortality probability during disturbances. The interaction of the large-scale impoundment in the Indian River Lagoon and medium-sized hurricane events is characterized by partially impeded post-hurricane regeneration. In contrast, small-scaled lightning strikes influenced the regeneration of medium-sized windthrow sites positively within the homogenous plantation. We therefore suggest management activities aimed at creating small clearances within the plantation in Can Gio to simulate additional small-scale disturbances in order to facilitate heterogenization of the plantation structure. Natural disturbances are found to be able to enhance the species diversity and the interactions of ecological processes. In particular, where sustainable management strategies focused on maintaining ecosystem services especially in restored sites or plantations act as a supportive part. Natural disturbances are an integral component of mangrove forests and fulfill specific ecological functions. However, our findings indicate that these disturbances, on top of altered environmental conditions associated with climate change and direct human impacts, might jeopardize the natural development in unnatural forest structures as on plantations or restored sites. This thesis gives an extensive overview about the effect of various disturbances in different mangrove forest systems, including semi-natural forests and strongly modified plantations, on species composition and forest structure. Field studies and simulation analyses contribute in equal parts to the results of the thesis.
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Books on the topic "Hurricane strikes"

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Hurricane Katrina strikes the Gulf Coast: Disaster & survival. Berkeley Heights, NJ: Enslow Publishers, 2006.

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John, Klein. When a hurricane strikes: The book that's a survival guide. Deerfield Beach, Fla: Image Group Pub., 1993.

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Pete, McDonnell, ed. Surviving the Galveston hurricane. Vero Beach, FL: Rourke Pub., 2010.

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Simon, Gane, Loughridge Lee, and Brosseau Pat, eds. Dark rain: A New Orleans story. New York: DC Comics/Vertigo, 2010.

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Ducktales: Like a hurricane. Los Angeles: Boom Kids!, 2010.

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Neufeld, Josh. A.D.: New Orleans after the deluge. New York: Pantheon Books, 2009.

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Simon, Gane, ed. Dark rain. London: Titan, 2011.

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Abel, Schoenmaker, ed. A.D.: New Orleans na de watersnood. Amsterdam: De Vliegende Hollander, 2010.

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United States. President (1989-1993 : Bush). Requests for supplemental appropriations: Communication from the President of the United States transmitting requests for fiscal year 1993 emergency appropriations language for the Departments of Housing and Urban Development and the Interior to provide housing assistance in Florida, Louisiana, Hawaii, and Guam to victims of Hurricanes Andrew and Iniki and Typhoon Omar, and the relief to the drought-stricken western United States, and support to Louisiana in studying and repairing ecological damage caused by Hurricane Andrew, pursuant to Public Law 102-368, chapter 10 (106 Stat. 1158). Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1993.

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Cacciotti, Joseph J. The Day the Hurricane Hit New York: Plus:The Hurricane Strikes Rhode Island. iUniverse, Inc., 2007.

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Book chapters on the topic "Hurricane strikes"

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Lyon, Bethany A., Pamela F. Nezat, Katie E. Cherry, and Loren D. Marks. "When Multiple Disasters Strike: Louisiana Fishers in the Aftermath of Hurricanes and the British Petroleum Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill." In Traumatic Stress and Long-Term Recovery, 57–70. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18866-9_4.

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Elsner, James B., and Thomas H. Jagger. "Cluster Models." In Hurricane Climatology. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199827633.003.0015.

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A cluster is a group of the same or similar events close together. Clusters arise in hurricane origin locations, tracks, and landfalls. In this chapter, we look at how to analyze and model clusters. We divide the chapter into methods for time, space, and feature clustering. Of the three feature clustering is best known to climatologists. We begin by showing you how to detect and model time clusters. Consecutive hurricanes originating in the same area often take similar paths. This grouping, or clustering, increases the potential for multiple landfalls above what you expect from random events. A statistical model for landfall probability captures clustering through covariates like the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), which relates a steering mechanism (position and strength of the subtropical high pressure) to coastal hurricane activity. But there could be additional time correlation not related to the covariates. A model that does not account for this extra variation will underestimate the potential for multiple hits in a season. Following Jagger and Elsner (2006), you consider three coastal regions including the Gulf Coast, Florida, and the East Coast (Fig. 6.2). Regions are large enough to capture enough hurricanes, but not too large as to include many non-coastal strikes. Here you use hourly position and intensity data described in Chapter 6. For each hurricane, you note its wind speed maximum within each region. If the maximum wind exceeds 33 m s−1, then you count it as a hurricane for the region. A tropical cyclone that affects more than one region at hurricane intensity is counted in each region. Because of this, the sum of the regional counts is larger than the total count. Begin by loading annual.RData. These data were assembled in Chapter 6. Subset the data for years starting with 1866. . . . > load("annual.RData") > dat = subset(annual, Year >= 1866) . . . The covariate Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) data begins in 1866 . Next, extract all hurricane counts for the Gulf coast, Florida, and East coast regions. . . . > cts = dat[, c("G.1", "F.1", "E.1")] . . .
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Ding, Amy Wenxuan. "Situation Awareness through Feature Recognition." In Social Computing in Homeland Security, 74–101. IGI Global, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60566-228-2.ch006.

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To help establish response plans for protecting U.S. homeland security, a standardized set of scenarios that can function as a “common operating picture” has been developed under the leadership of the U.S. Homeland Security Council (HSC) and Department of Homeland Security (DHS), according to The New York Times (Lipton, 2005). The 15 developed scenarios help identify critical capabilities and procedures for response, define operational parameters for layer response capabilities, establish a foundation for resource decisions, and pave the way to identify needed technology enhancements. To ensure that emergency planning is adequate, each scenario generally reflects suspected terrorist capabilities and known tradecraft. Of the 15 scenarios, 12 refer to human-made intentional terror attacks, and 3 pertain to catastrophic natural disasters (i.e., influenza pandemic, magnitude 7.2 earthquake in a major city, and slow-moving category 5 hurricane hitting a major East Coast city). Of the 12 human-made terror attacks, 8 are biological or chemical strikes, including the release of a Sarin nerve agent in an office building, spraying aerosolized anthrax over five cities in two weeks, and spreading pneumonic plague in the bathrooms of an airport, sports arena, and train station. Two scenarios involve the use of nuclear and radiological dispersion devices in a large metropolitan area or regionally significant cities, and one suggests an explosion using improvised explosive devices. The scenarios also include a cyber attack that affects several parts of the nation’s finance infrastructure. Biologically or chemically related threats clearly have prompted heightened concern; an attack involving biological or chemical contagious pathogens, if it were to occur, would cause tremendous damage to the public.
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"The Hurricane of Student Strike Action Sweeps into Douala and Dschang." In University Crisis and Student Protests in Africa, 101–22. Langaa RPCIG, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvk3gmtp.8.

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Bethell-Bennett, Ian. "When Storms Strike: Performing Tourism, Hurricanes, and a Pandemic in Accumulation and Dispossession." In Pandemics, Disasters, Sustainability, Tourism, 193–210. Emerald Publishing Limited, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/978-1-80382-105-420221013.

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Cabán, Pedro. "Puerto Rico." In Critical Dialogues in Latinx Studies, 13–26. NYU Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479805198.003.0002.

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This essay compares two transformative periods in Puerto Rican history: 1898–1900 and 2016–2019. These periods bookend the history of US colonial rule, which is marked by Puerto Rico’s conversion into a lucrative commercial and strategically significant asset of the evolving American empire, and its subsequent descent into a debt-ridden, poverty-stricken, ecologically damaged territorial possession of questionable value to the United States. The periods are also marked by the imposition of two different colonial state forms. From 1898 to 1900 the United States imposed a military regime that ruled Puerto Rico by decree. In 2016 the United States imposed a financial control board that stripped the colonial state of the limited autonomy it enjoyed since 1952 (PROMESA). During both periods Puerto Rico was devastated by major hurricanes, San Ciriaco (1898) and María (2017). The hurricanes created an array of challenges for the colonial state and ultimately contributed to a rethinking of colonial policy. The essay shows that while the shifting requirements of the US state and capital trigger changes in colonial policy, natural disasters expose the fault lines of this policy.
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Hall, E. Dawn. "Breakthrough: Wendy and Lucy." In ReFocus: The Films of Kelly Reichardt. Edinburgh University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474411127.003.0006.

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This chapter is a close reading of Wendy and Lucy, a film loosely based on the depictions of disaster victims and the perceived governmental failing to provide and protect those affected by Hurricane Katrina. It is Reichardt’s political statement about being homeless and female in America. Highlighting distribution details, the chapter explores the necessity of a micro-budget that dictate and contribute to many independent filmmakers’ aesthetics. The chapter discusses her use of “slow cinema,” ecofeminism, and the rejection of a capitalistic and patriarchal “American Dream.” Reichardt highlights the overlooked or marginalized in America: women, the working classes, and the poverty stricken. Influenced by the Italian Neorealists of the 1940s, the film addresses current issues of poverty juxtaposed with consumerism in America. Finally building on work of Anita Harris and Sherry Ortner’s analysis of lower class women’s representation in independent film, the chapter situates Wendy and Lucy in relation to post-feminist and third wave feminist concerns.
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Posner, Richard A. "Public policy towards catastrophe." In Global Catastrophic Risks. Oxford University Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198570509.003.0013.

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The Indian Ocean tsunami of December 2004 focused attention on a type of disaster to which policymakers pay too little attention – a disaster that has a very low or unknown probability of occurring, but that if it does occur creates enormous losses. The flooding of New Orleans in the late summer of 2005 was a comparable event, although the probability of the event was known to be high; the Corps of Engineers estimated its annual probability as 0.33% (Schleifstein and McQuaid, 2002), which implies a cumulative probability of almost 10% over a thirty-year span. The particular significance of the New Orleans flood for catastrophic-risk analysis lies in showing that an event can inflict enormous loss even if the death toll is small – approximately 1/250 of the death toll from the tsunami. Great as that toll was, together with the physical and emotional suffering of survivors, and property damage, even greater losses could be inflicted by other disasters of low (but not negligible) or unknown probability. The asteroid that exploded above Siberia in 1908 with the force of a hydrogen bomb might have killed millions of people had it exploded above a major city. Yet that asteroid was only about 200 feet in diameter, and a much larger one (among the thousands of dangerously large asteroids in orbits that intersect the earth’s orbit) could strike the earth and cause the total extinction of the human race through a combination of shock waves, fire, tsunamis, and blockage of sunlight, wherever it struck. Another catastrophic risk is that of abrupt global warming, discussed later in this chapter. Oddly, with the exception of global warming (and hence the New Orleans flood, to which global warming may have contributed, along with manmade destruction of wetlands and barrier islands that formerly provided some protection for New Orleans against hurricane winds), none of the catastrophes mentioned above, including the tsunami, is generally considered an ‘environmental’ catastrophe. This is odd, since, for example, abrupt catastrophic global change would be a likely consequence of a major asteroid strike.
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Link, Jason S., and Anthony R. Marshak. "The U.S. Mid-Atlantic Region." In Ecosystem-Based Fisheries Management, 113–74. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192843463.003.0004.

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This chapter describes the Mid-Atlantic region and the major issues facing this marine fisheries ecosystem, and presents some summary statistics related to the 90 indicators of ecosystem-based fisheries management (EBFM) criteria. While containing lower numbers of managed taxa among the eight regional U.S. marine ecosystems, this region has relatively well-managed state and federal fisheries that are important both nationally and along the U.S. Atlantic coast, including Atlantic menhaden, blue crab, eastern oyster, black sea bass, summer flounder, and striped bass. The Mid-Atlantic is an environment that is subject to stressors that include habitat loss, coastal development, nutrient loading, climate-related species range shifts, hurricanes, other ocean uses, and proliferation of invasive species. Overall, EBFM progress has been made at the regional and subregional level in terms of implementing ecosystem-level planning, advancing knowledge of ecosystem principles, and in assessing risks and vulnerabilities to ecosystems through ongoing investigations into climate vulnerability and species prioritizations for stock and habitat assessments. While information has been obtained and models developed, only partial progress has been observed toward applying ecosystem-level emergent properties or reference points into management frameworks. While the Mid-Atlantic is leading in many aspects of its LMR and ecosystem-centric efforts, challenges remain toward effectively implementing additional facets of EBFM, and particularly enacting ecosystem-level control rules. This ecosystem is excelling in the areas of LMR and socioeconomic status, the quality of its governance system, and is relatively productive, as related to the determinants of successful LMR management.
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Chui, Glennda. "Earth Sciences." In A Field Guide for Science Writers. Oxford University Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195174991.003.0042.

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In August 1999, I stood in the ruins of a collapsed apartment building near Izmit, Turkey—one of 60,000 buildings destroyed in 40 seconds by the most powerful earthquake to strike a major city in nearly a century. It was a modern building surrounded by trees and greenery. A couch and a table stood intact in a room bright with potted flowers, now open to the air. A woman's coat had been carefully draped over the remains of a wall. As the stench of death rose around us, I wondered if the coat's owner was buried in the rubble beneath my feet. I was sent to Turkey to chase the science—to bring home lessons for readers who live near a strikingly similar fault system in California. But as I surveyed the damage with a team of scientists and engineers, there was no separating the science from the politics. Covered with a fine film of sweat mixed with dust from crumbled buildings and lime that had been scattered to prevent the spread of disease, we saw firsthand how corruption and greed had conspired with the forces of nature to kill more than 17,000 people. Some buildings were constructed right on the North Anatolian Fault. Its mole-like tracks plowed through barracks that had collapsed on 120 military officers, a highway overpass that fell on a bus, a bridge whose failure cut off access and aid to four villages. Researchers found concrete that was crumbly with seashells, chunks of Styrofoam where reinforcing metal bars should have been. Yet some well-reinforced buildings nicked or even pierced by the fault came through just fine, including an apartment building that moved 10 feet and had its front steps sliced off. Another home was cut in two; half collapsed, the other survived with windows intact. “How the hell?” marveled one engineer. “There's no way that building should stand in an earthquake.” That blend of science, politics, and human nature is just part of what makes earth science so compelling. It goes far beyond the academics of geology and plate tectonics to embrace earthquakes, floods, hurricanes, volcanoes, landslides—natural hazards that affect thousands of people and change the course of civilization.
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Conference papers on the topic "Hurricane strikes"

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Hodge, Joshua Brian. "POWERFUL HURRICANE STRIKES SERVE AS GEOLOGIC AGENTS ON THE MCFADDIN NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE, TEXAS." In GSA Annual Meeting in Seattle, Washington, USA - 2017. Geological Society of America, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2017am-300280.

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Reports on the topic "Hurricane strikes"

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Taylor, R. B., D. L. Forbes, D. Frobel, J. Shaw, and G. Parkes. Hurricane Hortense strikes Atlantic Nova Scotia: an examination of beach response and recovery. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/210105.

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McGee, Steven, Randi Mcgee-Tekula, and Noelia Baez Rodriguez. Using the Science of Hurricane Resilience to Foster the Development of Student Understanding and Appreciation for Science in Puerto Rico. The Learning Partnership, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51420/conf.2022.1.

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For school age children on the island of Puerto Rico, the back-to-back hurricane strikes of Irma and Maria were their first experience with the tragedy of hurricanes in Puerto Rico. There is much concern in the general public about the ability of the Puerto Rican forests, like El Yunque, to recover. These concerns reveal common misconceptions about the dynamics of forest ecosystems. The focus of this research is Journey to El Yunque, a middle school curriculum unit that engages students in evidence-based modeling of hurricane disturbance using long-term data about population dynamics after Hurricane Hugo. Research was guided by the following research question: How does engagement in the science of disturbance ecology impact students’ understanding of and appreciation for ecosystems dynamics? Students completed pre and post assessment understanding of ecosystems dynamics and rated the teacher implementation using the Inquiry-Based Science Teaching survey. Based on a paired t-test, students statistically increased their performance from pretest to posttest with an effect size of 0.22. At the teacher level, the Inquiry-Based Instruction score was a statistically significant predictor of the posttest performance. In other words, these results provide evidence that engaging students in the practices of ecology predicted increased understanding of population dynamics.
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