Relevant bibliographies by topics / Hunting and gathering societies

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Hunting and gathering societies'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 29 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Hunting and gathering societies"

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Gowdy, John M. "The Bioethics of Hunting and Gathering Societies." Review of Social Economy 50, no. 2 (July 1, 1992): 130–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/759368611.

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Barnard, Alan. "Hunting and Gathering Societies: Fourth International Conference." Current Anthropology 28, no. 2 (April 1987): 234–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/203524.

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Dussart, Francoise. "Identity and Gender in Hunting and Gathering Societies:Identity and Gender in Hunting and Gathering Societies." American Anthropologist 105, no. 1 (March 2003): 195–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/aa.2003.105.1.195.

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Arcand, Bernard. "Fourth International Conference On Hunting And Gathering Societies." Anthropologie et Sociétés 10, no. 3 (1986): 229. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/006382ar.

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Reyes-García, Victoria, Álvaro Fernández-Llamazares, Maximilien Guèze, and Sandrine Gallois. "Does Weather Forecasting Relate to Foraging Productivity? An Empirical Test among Three Hunter-Gatherer Societies." Weather, Climate, and Society 10, no. 1 (January 1, 2018): 163–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/wcas-d-17-0064.1.

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Abstract Previous research has studied the association between ethnoclimatological knowledge and decision-making in agriculture and pastoral activities but has paid scant attention to how ethnoclimatological knowledge might affect hunting and gathering, an important economic activity for many rural populations. The work presented here tests whether people who can forecast temperature and rain display higher hunting and gathering returns (measured as kilograms per hour for hunting and cash equivalent for gathering). Data were collected among three indigenous, small-scale, subsistence-based societies largely dependent on hunting and gathering for their livelihoods: the Tsimane’ (Amazonia, n = 107), the Baka (Congo basin, n = 164), and the Punan Tubu (Borneo, n = 103).The ability to forecast rainfall and temperature varied from one society to another, but the average consistency between people’s 1-day rainfall and temperature forecasts and instrumental measurements was low. This study found a statistically significant positive association between consistency in forecasting rain and the probability that a person engaged in hunting. Conversely, neither consistency in forecasting rain nor consistency in forecasting temperature were associated in a statistically significant way with actual returns to hunting or gathering activities. The authors discuss methodological limitations of the approach, suggesting improvements for future work. This study concludes that, other than methodological issues, the lack of strong associations might be partly explained by the fact that an important characteristic of local knowledge systems, including ethnoclimatological knowledge, is that they are widely socialized and shared.
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Nolan, Patrick D. "Toward an Ecological-Evolutionary Theory of the Incidence of Warfare in Preindustrial Societies." Sociological Theory 21, no. 1 (January 2003): 18–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9558.00172.

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Prompted by the lack of attention by sociologists and the challenge of materialist explanations of warfare in “precivilized” societies posed by Keeley (1996), this paper tests and finds support for two materialist hypotheses concerning the likelihood of warfare in preindustrial societies: specifically, that, as argued by ecological-evolutionary theory, dominant mode of subsistence is systematically related to rates of warfare; and that, within some levels of technological development, higher levels of “population pressure” are associated with a greater likelihood of warfare. Using warfare measures developed by Ember and Ember (1995), measures of subsistence technology originally developed by Lenski (1966, 1970), and the standard sample of societies developed by Murdock and White (1969), this study finds evidence that warfare is more likely in advanced horticultural and agrarian societies than it is in hunting-and-gathering and simple horticultural societies, and that it is also more likely in hunting-and-gathering and agrarian societies that have above-average population densities. These findings offer substantial support for ecological-evolutionary theory and qualified but intriguing support for “population pressure” as explanations of cross-cultural variation in the likelihood of warfare.
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Kistanto, Nurdien Harry. "TRANSFORMASI SOSIAL-BUDAYA MASYARAKAT INDONESIA." Sabda : Jurnal Kajian Kebudayaan 13, no. 2 (December 31, 2018): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/sabda.13.2.169-178.

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Social scientists have conceptualized several stages of sociocultural transformation as societal development. One version modified in this article constitutes a typology of preindustrial and industrial societies which consists of one, hunting & gathering societies; two, pastoral societies; three, village agrarian societies; four, advanced traditional agrarian societies; and five, industrial societies; and six, postindustrial societies. To analyse the sociocultural transformation which happens in the Indonesian society, one has to observe and consider the long historical background which produces social heterogeneity. Thus, the direction and ideals of sociocultural transformation can be identified and conceptualized.
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Feeney, John. "Hunter-gatherer land management in the human break from ecological sustainability." Anthropocene Review 6, no. 3 (July 29, 2019): 223–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2053019619864382.

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Evidence that human societies built on agricultural subsistence have been inherently ecologically unsustainable highlights the value in exploring whether any pre-agricultural subsistence approaches were ecologically sustainable or nearly so. The land management practices of some hunter-gatherer societies have been portrayed as sustainable, even beneficial. Research suggests such practices may fruitfully inform contemporary land management. As a human subsistence foundation, however, they may not have been ecologically sustainable. Figuring centrally in the late Pleistocene shift from immediate-return to delayed-return hunting and gathering, they enabled population growth, helped make possible the development of agriculture, and appear to have caused early environmental degradation. Consistent with this argument is research locating the origins of the Anthropocene near the Pleistocene–Holocene boundary, as societies were taking greater control of food production. It appears then that immediate-return hunting and gathering, which involved little or no land management, was the human lifeway most closely approaching ecological sustainability. Wider recognition of this idea would assist in understanding and addressing today’s ecological challenges.
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Keen, Ian. "REPORT ON THE FIFTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HUNTING AND GATHERING SOCIETIES, DARWIN 1988." Oceania 59, no. 2 (December 1988): 159–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1834-4461.1988.tb02317.x.

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Robson, Arthur J., and Hillard S. Kaplan. "The Evolution of Human Life Expectancy and Intelligence in Hunter-Gatherer Economies." American Economic Review 93, no. 1 (February 1, 2003): 150–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/000282803321455205.

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The economics of hunting and gathering must have driven the biological evolution of human characteristics, since hunter-gatherer societies prevailed for the two million years of human history. These societies feature huge intergenerational resource flows, suggesting that these resource flows should replace fertility as the key demographic consideration. It is then theoretically expected that life expectancy and brain size would increase simultaneously, as apparently occurred during our evolutionary history. The brain here is considered as a direct form of bodily investment, but also crucially as facilitating further indirect investment by means of learning-by-doing.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Hunting and gathering societies"

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Olives, Pons Juana Maria. "Social norms as strategy of regulation of reproduction among hunting-fishing-gathering societies." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/669474.

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En comparar les dades demogràfiques dels caçadors-pescadors-recol·lectors moderns (e.g. l’existència d’índexs de creixement demogràfic diferenciats, capacitat d’aconseguir índexs de creixement alts, estabilitat demogràfica a llarg termini) i dels caçadors-pescadors-recol·lectors del Paleolític (e.g. densitat demogràfica baixa, absència de creixement demogràfic) en sorgeix una contradicció. La baixa densitat demogràfica documentada al Plistocè ha estat generalment argumentada com una conseqüència de la inferior capacitat tecnològica, de la biologia intrínseca, o de catàstrofes ambientals i climàtiques. Addicionalment, les societats caçadores-pescadores-recol·lectores han estat també caracteritzades per tindre una fecunditat natural, en oposició a una fecunditat controlada. Durant molt temps, s’ha ignorat el fet que el creixement demogràfic de poblacions caçadores-pescadores-recol·lectores també pot ser controlat a través de la regulació de les relacions socials i reproductives entre els homes i les dones, d’acord amb les seves funcions socials i econòmiques. L’objectiu d’aquesta tesi doctoral és aproximar-se a les relacions socials i reproductives entre els homes i les dones en una societat caçadora-pescadora-recol·lectora. Metodològicament, combino fonts etnohistòriques, estudis etnogràfics, demogràfics, i mèdics en un programa de simulació mulitagent encarregat de simular processos demogràfics. En les simulacions, poso a prova la hipòtesi d’aquesta tesi: les normes socials controlen la reproducció (fecunditat natural) i, conseqüentment, el creixement demogràfic de les societats caçadores-pescadores-recol·lectores. Els resultats obtinguts en aquesta tesi suporten la hipòtesi, assenyalant principalment tres tendències: 1) en les proves de les simulacions que no contenen cap norma social, la població artificial experimenta un creixement demogràfic elevat i ràpid (inexistent en el registre arqueològic o treballs etnogràfics); 2) en les proves de les simulacions que inclouen una restricció mínima, la població artificial mostra un creixement més lent tot i que encara excessivament elevat a llarg termini; 3) en les proves de les simulacions que inclouen una restricció més accentuada, les poblacions assoleixen una estabilitat demogràfica. Per tant, a partir d’aquestes dades es pot concloure que és molt probable que les poblacions caçadores-pescadores-recol·lectores del Paleolític varen desenvolupar determinats mecanismes socials que regularen el seu creixement demogràfic. L’organització i divisió del treball es converteix en la via a través de la qual es distribueix el valor subjectiu de la contribució productiva dels individus que hi participen. Les diferències de les activitats productives en base al sexe fa possible que s’estableixi una interdependència que alhora relativitza el valor del producte obtingut i, per extensió, el valor designat a la gent productora. D’aquesta manera, l’organització del treball, juntament amb la regulació de la reproducció, legitimen l’establiment de desigualtats socials basades en el gènere.
There is an incongruity between the demographic data observed among contemporary hunter-fisher-gatherers (e.g. the existence of different growth rates, the capability of achieving high growing rates, and long-term demographic stability) and that of Pleistocene hunter-fisher-gatherers (e.g. low population density, and a lack of demographic expansion). The low demographic density in the Pleistocene has been explained as a consequence of low technological capability, intrinsic biology, and ecological and climatic catastrophes. In addition to this, the foraging societies have been categorized to follow a natural fertility, in opposition to controlled fertility. For long, it has been neglected that population growth among hunter-fisher-gatherers can also be regulated by controlling the social relations and reproductive relations between men and women, accordingly to the socioeconomic roles they have and, hence, in accordance to a particular socioeconomic behaviour. The aim of this doctoral thesis is to approach to the social and reproductive relations between the men and women in a foraging society in order to identify patterns and interrelations. Methodologically, I take into account ethnohistorical sources, ethnographic studies, modern demographic studies, and medical studies, which I combine into a multi-agent based simulation program that simulates demographic processes. In the simulations, I test the hypothesis presented in this thesis: social norms have an effect on reproduction (natural fertility) and, by extension, on the demographic growth of hunting-fishing-gathering societies. The results obtained in this doctoral thesis support this hypothesis, pointing to three main tendencies: 1) in the simulation in which social norms are excluded, the artificial population experiences a rapid demographic growth (unattested in the archaeological record and ethnographic studies); 2) in the simulations including the less restrictive social norms, the artificial population experiences a slower demographic growth, although it still remains to be unsustainable in the long-term; 3) in the simulations with the most restrictive norms the artificial population is demographically stable. Therefore, it is very plausible that Palaeolithic hunter-fisher-gatherers also developed certain social mechanisms that regulated their demographic growth. The manner in which labour is divided (organized) is at the same time the manner in which the subjective value of the productive contribution of the individuals participating in the production is distributed. The difference in production activities according to sex makes it possible to set an interdependence and at the same time to relativize the value of the product obtained, and by extension, the value assigned to the people producing it. The organization of labour, together with the regulation of reproduction brings together a legitimization of a social inequality based on gender.
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Hill, Mark A. "The benefit of the gift exchange and social interaction in the Late Archaic western Great Lakes /." Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University, 2009. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Dissertations/Spring2009/m_hill_042309.pdf.

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Roulette, Casey Jordan. "Cultural models and gender differences in tobacco use among Congo Basin hunter-gatherers." Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University, 2010. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Spring2010/C_Roulette_041710.pdf.

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Thesis (M.A. in anthropology)--Washington State University, May 2010.
Title from PDF title page (viewed on July 8, 2010). "Department of Anthropology." Includes bibliographical references (p. 63-77).
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Norström, Christer. ""They call for us" strategies for securing autonomy among the Paliyans, hunter-gatherers of the Palni Hills, South India /." Stockholm : Dept. of Social Anthropology, Stockholm University : Distributed by Almqvist & Wiskell International, 2003. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/53098755.html.

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Miller, Isabelle Sarton. "Estimation of energy expenditure in children : a simple and non-invasive approach using heart rate and regression modelling /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/6455.

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Helzer, Margaret Mary. "Paleoethnobotany and household archaeology at the Bergen site : a Middle Holocene occupation in the Fort Rock Basin, Oregon /." view abstract or download file of text, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3035565.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2001.
Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 279-296). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
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Taiban, Sasala. "The lost lily : state, sociocultural change and the decline of hunting culture in Kaochapogan, Taiwan /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/6518.

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Henrikson, Lael Suzann. "Ponds, rivers and bison freezers : evaluating a behavioral ecological model of hunter-gatherer mobility on Idaho's Snake River Plain /." view abstract or download file of text, 2002. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3072588.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2002.
Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 314-326). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
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Helfrecht, Courtney Elizabeth. "Age and sex differences in aggression among the Aka foragers of the Central African Republic." Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University, 2009. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Spring2009/c_helfrecht_042009.pdf.

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Nagaoka, Lisa Ann. "Resource depression, extinction, and subsistence change in prehistoric southern New Zealand /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/6460.

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Books on the topic "Hunting and gathering societies"

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Jelínek, Jan. Primitive hunters. London: Hamlyn, 1989.

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Stevens, Coon Carleton. The hunting peoples. New York, N.Y: N. Lyons Books, 1987.

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Vogt, Christian. Das Savoir-vivre der Wildbeuter: Systemerhaltende Mechanismen bei egalitären Jägern und Sammlern im Lichte eines neuen Paradigmas. Bonn: Holos, 1992.

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Parry, William J. An ethnographic bibliography for South and Southeast Asian hunters and gatherers. New Haven, Conn: Human Relations Area Files, 1992.

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International Conference on Hunter-Gatherers (8th 1998 Osaka, Japan). Self- and other-images of hunter-gatherers: Papers presented at the Eighth International Conference on Hunting and Gathering Societies (CHAGS 8), National Museum of Ethnology, Osaka, October 1998. Edited by Stewart Henry, Barnard Alan, *Omura Keiichi 1949-, and Kokuritsu Minzokugaku Hakubutsukan. Osaka: National Museum of Ethnology, 2002.

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1933-, Meehan Betty, White Neville, and International Conference on Hunting and Gathering Societies (5th : 1988 : Darwin, N.T.), eds. Hunter-gatherer demography: Past and present. Sydney: University of Sydney, 1990.

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Nielsen, Pavia. Aataa oqaluttuarit. [Nuuk]: Maanuup Atuakkiorfia, 2012.

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Villca, Delia Gutiérrez. Caza y pesca: Razón de existencia urus. Cochabamba, Bolivia: FUNPROEIB, 2014.

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Beauclerk, John. Hunters and gatherers in Central Africa: on the margins of development. Oxford: Oxfam, 1993.

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Wiethase, Hendrik. Áta épe: Die Bogen und Pfeile Afrikas. Untergriesbach]: Wiethase, 2007.

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Book chapters on the topic "Hunting and gathering societies"

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Kishigami, Nobuhiro. "Food Sharing in Hunting-Gathering Societies." In Food Sharing in Human Societies, 1–40. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-7810-3_1.

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Lee, Richard Borshay. "Conferences on Hunting and Gathering Societies (CHAGS)." In Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology, 2611–13. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-30018-0_987.

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Gowdy, John M. "The Bioethics of Hunting and Gathering Societies." In Coevolutionary Economics: The Economy, Society and the Environment, 27–49. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8250-6_2.

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Lee, Richard Borshay. "Conferences on Hunting and Gathering Societies (CHAGS)." In Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology, 1–3. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51726-1_987-2.

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Lee, Richard B. "Conferences on Hunting and Gathering Societies (CHAGS)." In Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology, 1621–23. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0465-2_987.

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Kishigami, Nobuhiro. "Comparing Food Sharing in Three Hunting and Gathering Societies." In Food Sharing in Human Societies, 99–124. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-7810-3_4.

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Apostolou, Menelaos. "Sexual Selection Under Parental Choice in Hunting and Gathering Societies." In Sexual Selection in Homo sapiens, 47–59. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58999-2_4.

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Hitchcock, Robert K. "Shamans, Spiritualists, Shapeshifters, Healers, and Diviners Among the Hunting and Gathering Societies of Africa." In Conflict, Environment, and Social Complexity, 155–66. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-37503-3_7.

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Hadley, Gregory. "Hunting and Gathering." In Educational Linguistics, 61–93. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10449-2_4.

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Smith, Vernon L. "Hunting and Gathering Economies." In The World of Economics, 330–38. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-21315-3_41.

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Conference papers on the topic "Hunting and gathering societies"

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Smuc, Michael, Eva Mayr, and Hanna Risku. "Is your user hunting or gathering insights?" In the 3rd BELIV'10 Workshop. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2110192.2110200.

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Lozovskaya, Olga. "Site Zamostje 2 — a place of hunting or fishing?" In SUBSISTENCE STRATEGIES IN THE STONE AGE, DIRECT AND INDIRECT EVIDENCE OF FISHING AND GATHERING. Institute for the History of Material Culture Russian Academy of Science, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31600/978-5-907053-00-7-2018-24-27.

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Grechkina, Tat'yana, Alexander Vybornov, and Yuriy Lebedev. "Baibek site: location and structure of the site, ratios between of hunting and fishing." In SUBSISTENCE STRATEGIES IN THE STONE AGE, DIRECT AND INDIRECT EVIDENCE OF FISHING AND GATHERING. Institute for the History of Material Culture Russian Academy of Science, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31600/978-5-907053-00-7-2018-85-87.

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Martin, Max, Kate Howland, and Filippo Osella. "Disseminating marine weather forecasts and gathering feedback from artisanal fishers in south India." In COMPASS '20: ACM SIGCAS Conference on Computing and Sustainable Societies. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3378393.3402262.

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Skorobogatov, Andrei, Yevheniia Yanish, and Alexandre Alexandrovskiy. "Neolithic site Cherkasskaya-5 in the Middle Don River: hunting and fishing ratio according to faunal remains." In SUBSISTENCE STRATEGIES IN THE STONE AGE, DIRECT AND INDIRECT EVIDENCE OF FISHING AND GATHERING. Institute for the History of Material Culture Russian Academy of Science, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31600/978-5-907053-00-7-2018-72-75.

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Murashkin, Anton, Eugen Kolpakov, and Aleftina Kiseleva. "Sea hunting and fishing on the coast of Northern Fennoscandia during 5000 cal BC - BC/AD (planigraphy, faunal remains and equipment)." In SUBSISTENCE STRATEGIES IN THE STONE AGE, DIRECT AND INDIRECT EVIDENCE OF FISHING AND GATHERING. Institute for the History of Material Culture Russian Academy of Science, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31600/978-5-907053-00-7-2018-38-40.

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Korolev, Arkadiy, Natalia Roslyakova, Anton Shalapinin, and Yevheniia Yanish. "Hunting and fishing in the Eneolithic forest-steppe Zavolzhye on the results of a comprehensive study of the settlement Lebyazhinka VI." In SUBSISTENCE STRATEGIES IN THE STONE AGE, DIRECT AND INDIRECT EVIDENCE OF FISHING AND GATHERING. Institute for the History of Material Culture Russian Academy of Science, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31600/978-5-907053-00-7-2018-88-90.

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Yanish, Yevheniia, Roman Smol’yaninov, Sergei Shemeniov, Andrey Zheludkov, Elizabeth Yurkina, and Alexander Bessudnov. "Evidences of hunting and fishing on the Chalcolithic settlement and burial site Vasil’evskij Cordon-27 according to the analysis of faunal assemblage." In SUBSISTENCE STRATEGIES IN THE STONE AGE, DIRECT AND INDIRECT EVIDENCE OF FISHING AND GATHERING. Institute for the History of Material Culture Russian Academy of Science, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31600/978-5-907053-00-7-2018-76-80.

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Lewis, Wanda. "The Contribution of Aboriginal Traditional Ecological Knowledge to the Environmental Assessment Process for Canadian Pipelines." In 2012 9th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2012-90346.

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Northern British Columbia (BC) and Alberta are sparsely populated forested lands under provincial jurisdiction (also known as Crown land) which are under intensive oil & gas exploration and pipeline development. Local Aboriginal people continue to implement traditional practices that maintain viable land and productive ecosystems by annual rotation of trap lines, hunting and gathering areas and similar activities. Aboriginal people can exert tremendous influence on pipeline projects through various means. Regulators and enlightened pipeline companies recognize the value of assessing traditional knowledge that has been collected over generations and passed down from the Elders to contribute to final routing, siting and project design identifying effects on environmental resources and traditional land and resource use and developing mitigation opportunities. Traditional knowledge includes experiential and secondary knowledge as well as accepted scientific research in the context of environmental assessments. Robust applications consider sources from all land users while being mindful of the intricacies inherent with Aboriginal engagement in order to gather substantive input for projects on Crown land. This paper explores the contribution of Aboriginal Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) in the environmental assessment process on selected case studies involving recent natural gas pipeline projects in northern BC and Alberta from a balanced perspective. It also describes the evolution of a program developed by the author from its initial emphasis on Traditional Land Use (TLU) studies to the present day application of TLU studies, and TEK studies, focusing on lessons learned and regulatory and engagement challenges and successes.
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Tomašević, Dragan, Dragan Milić, and Goran Šatara. "Evaluation and prediction of the development of fitness clubs in Serbia." In Antropološki i teoantropološki pogled na fizičke aktivnosti (10). University of Priština – Faculty of Sport and Physical Education in Leposavić, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/atavpa24006t.

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As we enter the 21st century, one of the greatest achievements to be celebrated is the continuous pursuit of fitness since the dawn of man's existence. During prehistoric times, man's quest for fitness was followed by a desire to survive through hunting and gathering. Today, although they no longer affect subsistence needs, fitness is still important to health and well-being. The history of fitness starts from primitive man to the basis of modern movement and movement. The aim of the work is to determine the real possibilities of development of fitness clubs in Serbia based on representative data on the state of the clubs and their quality. The sample of respondents consisted of owners or managers of fitness clubs from the entire territory of the Republic of Serbia. The number of clubs where data was collected is N=110. The *QUESTIONNAIRE used is a modified version (with their permission) of the German fitness association DSSV. We can say that the clubs in Serbia are well developed. The number of fitness clubs in Serbia is still not in line with the European average. The trend in the number of members of fitness clubs in Serbia is increasing. In relation to these results, we can conclude that there are real possibilities for the development of fitness clubs in Serbia in accordance with European standards. It is estimated that the number of clubs in Serbia will grow at this rate for a maximum of 3 more years.
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Reports on the topic "Hunting and gathering societies"

1

Peña-Niño, Omar Dario, and Erin McFee. Final Report of the First Summit of the Violence, Security and Peace (VSP) Network:(Re)building Trust and Democracy: Violence, Security and Peace in Latin America. Trust After Betrayal, March 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.59498/52718.

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The report on the 1st conference of the Violence, Security and Peace (VSP) Network, titled "(Re)building Trust and Democracy: Violence, Security and Peace in Latin America" recaps a multisectorial and interdisciplinary gathering that took place on May 18th and 19th, 2023 in Bogotá, Colombia. The summit aimed at examining and identifying potential solutions to the current challenges facing Latin America in terms of violence prevention, security provision, and peacebuilding. It served as a platform where over 120 actors from the private, public, academic, and civil society sectors in the region shared their experiences, collaborated, and devised new strategies for the (re)construction of trust and democracy within their societies as the overarching goal.
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2

Miller, Odin. Winter travel, access, and changing snow and ice conditions in Alaska’s Copper River basin. National Park Service, May 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2298854.

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In Alaska’s Copper River Basin, less reliable snow and ice conditions, increasingly common in recent years, have presented challenges for winter activities such as trapping, hunting, and gathering firewood. While previous studies have drawn similar conclusions elsewhere in Alaska and the Circumpolar North, these impacts have not been explored in the Copper Basin, specifically. Data for this project were collected using a set of nine oral interviews, conducted with local residents who have extensive knowledge and experience with winter activities in the Copper River Basin. In past decades, crossing rivers was less treacherous and could be done earlier in the fall and later in the spring. During midwinter, travel across or along rivers and streams mostly tended to be predictable, with some exceptions. Over the course of several decades, people have observed large-scale changes in ice conditions. One of the most significant outcomes has been the difficulty this has created for trappers and others trying to access the east side of the Copper River during the winter months. Some Elders have noticed these changes beginning as long ago as the 1970s, or even earlier. Interview Respondents have described significant changes in winter snow conditions occurring since the mid-20th century, although these have been more inconsistent and irregular than corresponding changes in the ice conditions. Decreased snowpacks—especially during the early season—have increasingly presented an obstacle to winter access along the snowmachine trails used by trappers and others. Additionally, several interview respondents reported that increased shrub-growth had made it more difficult to travel across the winter landscape, requiring them to cut trails through the forest—something that never used to be necessary. Finally, several socio-economic and technological factors have interacted with climate change, impacting patterns of winter use of the Copper River Basin during the past several decades. This report was produced for Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Preserve through a co-stewardship agreement with the Ahtna Intertribal Resource Commission, whose mission is to honor and integrate traditional knowledge and values through stewardship that is innovative and respectful of the land for all generations.
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