Journal articles on the topic 'Human trafficking victims Services for Australia'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Human trafficking victims Services for Australia.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Human trafficking victims Services for Australia.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Reis, Tara A., Jennifer C. Gibbs, Daniel Howard, and Emily R. Strohacker. "Prostitute or human trafficking victim? Police discernment of human trafficking." Policing: An International Journal 45, no. 2 (January 28, 2022): 334–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pijpsm-07-2021-0094.
Full textAbstract:
PurposeIn 2018, the National Human Trafficking hotline received 275 cases of human trafficking in Pennsylvania, a higher than average portion of the 10,949 human trafficking cases received for the USA. Whether human trafficking victims receive services or enter the criminal justice system as prostitution offenders depends on how police identify them, as police officers are usually the first to interact with human trafficking victims. Thus, understanding how police identify human trafficking is important. The purpose of the study is to explore Pennsylvania police perceptions of human trafficking.Design/methodology/approachScenarios were presented in a survey to 489 Pennsylvania police officers.FindingsPolice training improved officer identification of human trafficking (vs prostitution) involving older victims. Officers with more tenure were less likely to identify older victims of human trafficking than officers with less tenure. However, older officers were better able to successfully identify older (i.e. age 25 years) victims of human trafficking, but officer age had no effect on identifying younger (i.e. age 15 years) victims of human trafficking. The implications are discussed in the study.Originality/valueThe study contributes to the literature by testing (1) whether training affects police ability to identify human trafficking victims in a scenario, controlling for other factors and (2) whether victim age affects officer identification of human trafficking victims. More officers correctly identified younger victims of human trafficking when force was explicitly stated, but more officers misidentified younger victims when force was not explicitly stated and older victims when force was explicitly stated.
2
Horáková, Magdaléna, and Barbara Pavlíková. "VICTIMS OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING IN THE SYSTEM OF SUPPORT AND PROTECTION IN SLOVAKIA." CBU International Conference Proceedings 6 (September 27, 2018): 601–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.12955/cbup.v6.1220.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: Studies aimed at supporting or protecting victims of human trafficking are rare, although this is a current issue with global overlap. The aim of this work is to identify the specifics of the victims who use the services of organizations under the Program for Support and Protection of Victims of Human Trafficking in Slovakia.Methods: This research study was conducted using the method of content analysis of interviews with workers of organizations providing services under the Program for Support and Protection of Victims of Human Trafficking in Slovakia and documents issued by the Ministry of the Interior of the Slovak Republic (MoI SR) in 2010-2017.Results: 210 victims of human trafficking included in the Program for Support and Protection of Victims of Human Trafficking were identified in the monitored period - 111 women and 99 men. From the perspective of origin, the area of the Eastern Slovakia was most prevalent. The demographic environment (village, district town, municipal city) did not play a significant role. The most common purpose of human trafficking was sexual exploitation and forced labour. There is no systematic approach in addressing the issue.Conclusion: The creation of a pilot field social work program for victims of human trafficking using case management would help take into account the specificities of human trafficking victims. The program would allow for coordinating the services that might provide a solution to the problem of a trafficked person At the same time, by using case management, we can prevent the provision of the same services to the client by several organizations and increase the likelihood of a successful solution to the client´s situation and work efficiency.
3
Schloenhardt, A., and M. Loong. "Return and Reintegration of Human Trafficking Victims from Australia." International Journal of Refugee Law 23, no. 2 (March 21, 2011): 143–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ijrl/eer003.
Full text
4
O'Brien, Erin. "Human Trafficking and Heroic Consumerism." International Journal for Crime, Justice and Social Democracy 7, no. 4 (December 1, 2018): 51–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/ijcjsd.v7i4.430.
Full textAbstract:
Consumers are the new activists in the fight against modern slavery, with awareness campaigns urging citizens to use their consumer power to demand an end to labour exploitation. The contribution of political, or ethical, consumerism campaigns to the trafficking narrative is examined in this article through an analysis of the characterisation of consumers and corporations in campaigns from SlaveryFootprint.org, Stop the Traffik UK, and World Vision Australia. This article argues that campaigns urging political consumerism depict consumers as the heroic rescuers of enslaved victims, and embed solutions to modern slavery within a culture of unquestioned capitalism. This approach may have the unintended consequence of sidelining victims from the trafficking story as the focus of the narrative becomes the product, rather than the victim, of labour exploitation.
5
Valdovinos, Miriam G., Rebecca L. Thomas, Lorin N. Tredinnick, and Maritza Vasquez Reyes. "Human Trafficking Efforts to Protect Connecticut's Vulnerable Children and Youth: Incorporating the Voices of Community Practitioners." Violence and Victims 35, no. 3 (June 1, 2020): 382–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/vv-d-19-00075.
Full textAbstract:
Research demonstrates a growing number of exploited and trafficked children in the United States, but few studies address how practitioners continue to respond to these issues. Multiple efforts identify victims of human trafficking and provide services since the passing of the Trafficking Victims Protection Act (TVPA) in 2000 and its reauthorization. However, the TVPA oftentimes failed to protect the most vulnerable. This qualitative study included four focus group sessions with 28 practitioners from various disciplines (e.g., social work, healthcare, legal) to examine how the state of Connecticut has expanded services and programs for children and youth trafficking victims. The findings describe current statewide partnerships along with challenges and successes when working with child victims of human trafficking, offering practice and policy recommendations.
6
Preble, Kathleen M., and Beverly M. Black. "Influence of Survivors’ Entrapment Factors and Traffickers’ Characteristics on Perceptions of Interpersonal Social Power During Exit." Violence Against Women 26, no. 1 (February 18, 2019): 110–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077801219826742.
Full textAbstract:
Typically examined in terms of understanding vulnerabilities to and the scope of human trafficking, not much is understood about interpersonal dynamics in human trafficking experiences. This article explores human trafficking victims’ ( n = 31, female, international) perceptions of traffickers’ interpersonal social power during the exiting phase of the trafficking experience. Findings from this study revealed that entrapment factors and shared common characteristics between victim and trafficker prior to trafficking influenced perceptions of interpersonal social power. Understanding victims’ perceptions of interpersonal social power is critical to developing trauma-informed targeted services for exiting assistance and aftercare services for this population.
7
Cox, Carole Beth. "Sex trafficking in Cyprus: An in-depth study of policy, services, and social work involvement." International Social Work 61, no. 6 (January 4, 2017): 867–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020872816681657.
Full textAbstract:
Human trafficking is a major social justice issue, with sex trafficking the most documented form. It depends on vulnerable and oppressed women who are bartered as commodities in an extremely profitable global market. Given their victimization, the loss of dignity, and the complete violation of the human rights of these victims, sex trafficking has major implications for the social work profession. Using a case study approach, this article explores sex trafficking policy and its implementation in Cyprus, a country that has been named a destination country for trafficking victims. Using Bronfenbrenner’s ecological model, the factors impacting policy, its implementation, and social work involvement are explored.
8
Dilqem Hajizade, Fidan. "COMBATING TRAFFICKING IN HUMAN BEINGS: APPROACH OF THE COUNCIL OF EUROPE." SCIENTIFIC WORK 65, no. 04 (April 23, 2021): 234–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/2663-4619/65/234-236.
Full textAbstract:
The 2005 Council of Europe Convention on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings is open for signature not only by Member States of the Council of Europe, but also non-members of the Council of Europe. This Convention is comprehensive treaty mainly focused on the protection of victims of trafficking in human beings and ensure of their rights. It also aims at preventing human trafficking as well as prosecuting perpetrators. The provisions of this Convention are applied to all forms of trafficking: both national and international trafficking and whether or not it is related to organized crime. The Convention protects the rights of women, men and children who have been subjected to any form of exploitation (sexual exploitation, forced labor, services, etc.). Moreover, the Convention provides an independent monitoring mechanism to control the implementation of the provisions of the Convention. Key words: Convention on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings, Council of Europe, GRETA, exploitation, implementation, victims of human trafficking
9
Villacampa, Carolina, and Núria Torres. "Human trafficking for criminal exploitation: Effects suffered by victims in their passage through the criminal justice system." International Review of Victimology 25, no. 1 (April 2, 2018): 3–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269758018766161.
Full textAbstract:
The victim-centred approach to human trafficking emphasises the protection of victims and respect for their rights. For this protection to be effective, victims must be treated as such in their passage through the criminal justice system, which can be complex with forms of trafficking that are still relatively unknown, such as trafficking for criminal exploitation. Based on 37 in-depth interviews with Spanish practising criminal justice and victim assistance services professionals, this paper analyses the effects that the failure to identify these types of victims has on them as they make their way through the criminal justice system, paying particular attention to the degree to which the aforementioned professionals recognise the principle of non-punishment.
10
Macioti, P. G., Eurydice Aroney, Calum Bennachie, Anne E. Fehrenbacher, Calogero Giametta, Heidi Hoefinger, Nicola Mai, and Jennifer Musto. "Framing the Mother Tac: The Racialised, Sexualised and Gendered Politics of Modern Slavery in Australia." Social Sciences 9, no. 11 (October 28, 2020): 192. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci9110192.
Full textAbstract:
Centred on the slavery trial “Crown vs. Rungnapha Kanbut” heard in Sydney, New South Wales, between 10 April and 15 May 2019, this article seeks to frame the figure of the “Mother Tac” or the “mother of contract”, also called “mama tac” or “mae tac”—a term used amongst Thai migrants to describe a woman who hosts, collects debts from, and organises work for Thai migrant sex workers in their destination country. It proposes that this largely unexplored figure has come to assume a disproportionate role in the “modern slavery” approach to human trafficking, with its emphasis on absolute victims and individual offenders. The harms suffered by Kanbut’s victims are put into context by referring to existing literature on women accused of trafficking; interviews with Thai migrant sex workers, including Kanbut’s primary victim, and with members from the Australian Federal Police Human Trafficking Unit; and ethnographic field notes. The article unveils how constructions of both victim and offender, as well as definitions of slavery, are racialised, gendered, and sexualised and rely on the victims’ subjective accounts of bounded exploitation. By documenting these and other limitations involved in a criminal justice approach, the authors reveal its shortfalls. For instance, while harsh sentences are meant as a deterrence to others, the complex and structural roots of migrant labour exploitation remain unaffected. This research finds that improved legal migration pathways, the decriminalisation of the sex industry, and improved access to information and support for migrant sex workers are key to reducing heavier forms of labour exploitation, including human trafficking, in the Australian sex industry.
11
Potocky, Miriam. "Effectiveness of Services for Victims of International Human Trafficking: An Exploratory Evaluation." Journal of Immigrant & Refugee Studies 8, no. 4 (November 29, 2010): 359–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15562948.2010.522462.
Full text
12
Jeng, Chu-Chuan, Edward Huang, Sarah Meo, and Louise Shelley. "Combating Sex Trafficking: The Role of the Hotel—Moral and Ethical Questions." Religions 13, no. 2 (February 2, 2022): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel13020138.
Full textAbstract:
Legitimate companies are key facilitators of human trafficking. These corporate facilitators include not only websites providing advertisements for commercial sex services but also hotels and motels. Analysis of all active federal criminal sex trafficking cases in 2018 and 2019 reveals that in approximately 80% of these cases, victims were exploited at either hotels or motels. This paper studies the prevalence of the hospitality industry in the crime of sex trafficking and the failure of this industry to address this problem until recent civil suits were filed by victims against individual hotels and chains. Drawing on the civil cases filed in federal courts by victims of human trafficking between 2015 and 2021 along the East Coast of the United States, this paper assesses the characteristics of these hotels and the conditions in the hotels that facilitated sex trafficking. The paper then explores the moral and ethical problems posed by the facilitating role of hotel owners/operators in sex trafficking either through collusion or failure to act on and/or report evidence of individual abuse. Suggestions on how to address the problem are provided.
13
Ulum, Miftahul. "Fikih Hak Asasi Manusia Menguak Kejahatan Tindak Pidana Korporasi Trafficking." Syaikhuna: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pranata Islam 9, no. 2 (October 26, 2018): 201–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.36835/syaikhuna.v9i2.3259.
Full textAbstract:
This paper discusses the corporate crime of human trafficking. The background used is the assessment that classifies Indonesia in third place for the handling of human trafficking by the international community. The word “Hero Exchange” may often be heard, they are the workers from Indonesia who often become victims of Human Trafficking, victims sometimes traded not only for the purpose of prostitution or other forms of sexual exploitation, but also includes other forms of exploitation, such as forced labor or services, slavery or practices similar to slavery. Various government policies are made concerning the protection of women and children, basically made relatively comprehensive policies, ranging from Basic Act 1945 and the rules below. However many government policies in tackling this problem is not followed by real action in the field and it can be concluded, the legal protection of women and children victims of human trafficking is still felt less effective. This is evident from the very rarity of severe criminal imposed by the judge against traffickers. The absence of compensation in the form of sanctions against traffickers also add to the sense of injustice padakorban trafficking who have suffered both physically, mentally, and economically.
14
Koegler, Erica, Amanda Mohl, Kathleen Preble, and Michelle Teti. "Reports and Victims of Sex and Labor Trafficking in a Major Midwest Metropolitan Area, 2008-2017." Public Health Reports 134, no. 4 (June 6, 2019): 432–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0033354919854479.
Full textAbstract:
Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the number, risk factors, and demographic characteristics of potential human trafficking victims from tips reported to a social services agency in a major Midwest metropolitan area from 2008 through 2017. Methods: The agency, comprising 90 employees serving more than 10 000 persons annually, received federal funding to raise awareness about trafficking and to identify and support persons who are at risk for trafficking through training, coalition building, direct outreach and service, and case management. We, the authors, counted the numbers of tips and potential victims reported to the agency by year, type of trafficking, economic sector, sex, region of origin, and age and looked for new risk factors for trafficking. Results: Data were available for 213 tips received from September 1, 2008, through June 30, 2017, and for 82 potential victims identified from July 1, 2011, through June 30, 2017. Labor trafficking (126 tips, 57 potential victims) was more common than sex trafficking (59 tips, 17 potential victims). The number of tips varied during the study period. Tips and potential victims were diverse and included male and female children and adults. Most victims were from Mexico (n = 68), the United States (n = 47), Asia (n = 31), and Central and South America (n = 23). Potential victims were exploited in several industries including agriculture, construction, commercial sex, and landscaping. New risk factors for trafficking were exploitation within marriage and work in the sales industry. Conclusions: Domestic and foreign-born men, women, and children are all at risk for labor and sex trafficking. Direct outreach to foreign-born victims should be a priority. The new risk factors should be explored.
15
Ndolu, Juliana Susantje, and Helsina F.I Pello. "PREVENTION HUMAN TRAFFICKING THROUGH COMMUNITY WATCH." Jurnal Pembaharuan Hukum 7, no. 1 (April 8, 2020): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.26532/jph.v7i1.7588.
Full textAbstract:
This study aims to first determine the factors driving community involvement in Community Watch Human Trafficking and knowing the role of Community Watch Human Trafficking in the aspect of preventing human trafficking. The results of the study are as follows. First, the factors driving community involvement in CW-PO are: legal awareness of the dangers of trafficking in persons and their impacts; the experiences of family members and neighbors who have been victims of the Human Trafficking criminal act; accustomed to volunteering; There are joint concerns because there is an Indonesian Manpower Services Company and field workers who are tasked with recruiting prospective migrant workers from the village. Secondly, the role of Community Watch Human Trafficking in the prevention aspect of yatru: To collect data on migrating citizens; increasing public understanding of Human Trafficking criminal act; economic empowerment; advocating for village government to allocate village funds to open businesses; accompany former migrant workers who have returned to the village but have problems; carry out monitoring in the village.
16
MARY OLUFUNKE, ADEDOKUN. "CURBING THE MENACE OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING IN NIGERIAN COMMUNITIES." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN EDUCATION METHODOLOGY 7, no. 4 (October 30, 2016): 1295–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/ijrem.v7i4.4353.
Full textAbstract:
This paper examined the menace of human trafficking in the Nigerian Communities with emphasis on two local Government areas, one in Ekiti and one in Oyo State. Three research questions and three hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. The study was a descriptive survey research design and the population consisted of all the wards in the two chosen local government areas in Ekiti and Oyo States. Stratified random sampling technique was used to collect data rated on a four point Likert scale and on the items related to the study. The instrument was tested for reliability using Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation coefficient which yielded an index of 0.79 which was adjudged good enough for measuring the consistency of the items. Mean and Standard Deviation were used to answer the research questions while t-test was used to test the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The study revealed that people both, young ,men and women are victims of human trafficking, it also revealed that poverty, greed and materialism are the main causes for falling victim of human trafficking. It was also found that traffickers use violence, threat, deception and debt bondage to trap victims. It was then recommended that community education should be embarked upon to make people aware of the menace of human trafficking, job opportunities should be created for the Nigerian youth and laws should be effectively enforced on human traffickers while rehabilitaive services should be adequately provided for the victims..
17
Conahan, John, and Eric Kyere. "Community Readiness: Can the Human Services Delivery System Meet the Needs of Human Trafficking Victims." International Journal of Interdisciplinary Social and Community Studies 10, no. 3 (2015): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.18848/2324-7576/cgp/v10i03/53523.
Full text
18
Yenti, Zarfina, and Nurhasanah Nurhasanah. "Praktik Human Trafficking di Propinsi Jambi." Musãwa Jurnal Studi Gender dan Islam 19, no. 1 (September 28, 2020): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/musawa.2020.191.71-84.
Full textAbstract:
Perdagangan manusia sudah merajalela ada semenjak lama. Namun, pola dan modus operandi berbeda-beda tergantung waktu dan tempat eksekusi praktik trafficking berjalan. Di Provinsi Jambi, perdagangan orang mengalami peningkatan dari waktu ke waktu. Pada saat masih marak lokalisasi prostitusi Payosigadung, para korban ditempatkan dan dilokalisasikan tetapi, setelah penutupan lokalisasi kecenderungan perdagangan orang melalui Online dan ditempatkan di salon-salon kecantikan yang menyediakan layanan plus-plus. Paper ini menunjukkan terdapat relasi kuasa yang signifikan antara pelaku dan korban terutama pada konsep kuasa pada perdagangan dalam jual beli. Relasi kuasa ini diikat sedemikian rupa sehingga korban tidak bisa menolak ketika dihadapkan pada pilihan untuk mengorbankan diri sebagai pemuas nafsu laki-laki hidung belang. Pembahasan Paper ini akan menjabarkan tiga hal penting dalam Human Trafficking. Hal-hal penting tersebut adalah Masalah ketimpangan ekonomi pada pelaku dan korban dari trafficking, relasi patriarki dalam hubungan sosial masyarakat dalam praktik trafficking, dan dominasi seksualitas yang tinggi pada hubungan patron-klien trafficking. Bentuk aktivitas trafficking bisa berjalan mulus karena tiga hal tersebut saling berkelindan.[Human trafficking has been rampant for a long time. However, the patterns and modus operandi vary depending on the time and place where the trafficking practice is being executed. In Jambi Province, trafficking in persons has increased from time to time. When the Payosigadung prostitution localization was still rife, the victims were placed and localized, however the closure of the localization of the tendency of trafficking in persons online and put in beauty salons that provide plus-plus services. This paper shows a significant power relationship between the perpetrator and the victim, especially in the concept of power in trade in buying and selling. This power relation is tied in such a way that the victim cannot refuse when faced with the choice to sacrifice herself as the satisfaction of the male masher. Discussion This paper will describe three essential things in Human Trafficking. These essential things are economic inequality among traffickers and victims of trafficking, patriarchal relations in community social relations in trafficking practices, and the high dominance of sexuality in trafficking patron-client relationships. The form of trafficking activity can run smoothly because these three things are intertwined.]
19
Davy, Deanna. "Justice for victims of human trafficking in Australia? Issues associated with Australia’s criminal justice response to trafficking in persons." Contemporary Justice Review 20, no. 1 (December 8, 2016): 115–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10282580.2016.1262773.
Full text
20
Hafrida, Hafrida, Nelli Herlina, and Zulham Adamy. "The Protection of Women and Children as Victims of Human Trafficking in Jambi Province." Jambe Law Journal 1, no. 2 (July 12, 2019): 207–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.22437/jlj.1.2.207-230.
Full textAbstract:
The research aims at studying the policy of the Regional Government in protecting the victims of human trafficking, especially females and children. This legal research is based on an empirical study at Regional Police (POLDA), P2TP2A, and Social Services office in Jambi Province. The Law Number 35/2014 on the Amendment of The Law Number 23/2002 on Child Protection provides a greater portion for the Regional Government to take active roles in providing child protection and Presidential Regulation Number 69/2008 about Task Force Prevention and Handling the Criminal Act of Trafficking Victim. Using analysis of descriptive qualitative, it is learned that the handling of the women and children as victims of trafficking remain partially. The responsible institutions have not well-coordinated because a task force as commissioned by Presidential Regulation number 69/2008. The results show that Jambi Province has passed Jambi Province Regional Regulation Number 2/2015 on Prevention and Handling of Human Trafficking towards Females and Children. However, the study also shows that the regulation has not been applied by related parties since Governor’s regulation as implementing regulation is inexistent.
21
Hacker, Daphna, Yaara Levine-Fraiman, and Idan Halili. "Ungendering and Regendering Shelters for Survivors of Human Trafficking." Social Inclusion 3, no. 1 (February 23, 2015): 35–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/si.v3i1.173.
Full textAbstract:
This article is based on intensive fieldwork in the two Israeli shelters designated for victims of human trafficking and slavery. The shelters, one for women and one for men, are a refuge for survivors of sex trafficking; labor migrants subjected to severe exploitation by their employers; and asylum seekers who arrived in Israel after experiencing severe physical and emotional abuse at the hands of kidnappers and smugglers en route to Israel. The study included interviews with policy makers and professionals, and with women and men who resided at the shelters, as well as an analysis of the relevant legislation and official reports. The article explores the problematic gendered differentiations between the two shelters. Most significantly, while support for residents of the shelter for women is anchored by emotional and psychological rehabilitation, residents of the shelter for men do not receive any therapeutic support. At the same time, while staff in the shelter for men put significant effort into the reintegration of the men into the labor force, the women’s employment prospects receive less attention. Based on these and other findings, the article cautions against gender-biased rehabilitation services for victims of human trafficking and slavery, and calls for a gender-sensitive rehabilitation theory and practice.
22
Yoo, Eun‐hye, and Elizabeth Heger Boyle. "National Human Trafficking Initiatives: Dimensions of Policy Diffusion." Law & Social Inquiry 40, no. 03 (2015): 631–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/lsi.12115.
Full textAbstract:
The implementation of criminal law involves formal law enforcement, education, and public outreach aimed at preventing criminal activity and providing services for victims. Historically, quantitative research on global trends has focused on a single policy dimension, potentially masking the unique factors that affect the diffusion of each policy dimension independently. Using an ordered‐probit model to analyze new human trafficking policy data on national prosecution, prevention, and victim‐protection efforts, we find that global ties and domestic interest groups matter more where international law is less defined. Although prosecution, mandated by the Trafficking Protocol, was relatively impervious to global ties and domestic interest groups, both trafficking prevention and victim protection were associated with these factors. Our findings also suggest that fear of repercussions is not a major driver of state actions to combat trafficking—neither ratification of the protocol nor levels of US aid were associated with greater implementation of antitrafficking measures.
23
Keegan, Edward, and Nusha Yonkova. "Stop traffick: Tackling demand for sexual services of trafficked women and girls." Social Work and Social Sciences Review 19, no. 3 (October 4, 2018): 42–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1921/swssr.v19i3.1190.
Full textAbstract:
The research focuses on the characteristic, knowledge, and experiences of buyers of sex, focusing on human trafficking and exploitation. Recognising that those trafficked for sexual exploitation are often exploited in the commercial sex industry, the research adopts an understanding of ‘demand’ in the context of human trafficking which includes demand for women in prostitution. In order to study buyers, a mixture of quantitative and qualitative research tools was used, including online questionnaires and face-to-face interviews. Through these methods, a total of 763 buyers engaged with the research, across four EU Member States (Ireland, Finland, Bulgaria and Lithuania). A number of important findings emerged in the research. Buyers interviewed were seen to have a complex view of sellers. They overwhelmingly viewed the sale of sex as a transaction between two consenting adults, but also saw sellers as different from other women. At the same time, although up to a third of buyers had witnessed or suspected exploitation, a gap emerged with regard to those who had reported such fears. Finally, irrespective of their knowledge of human trafficking, or measures targeting those who knowingly purchase sex from trafficked victims, buyers rarely considered trafficking when purchasing sex.Keywords: human trafficking; sexual exploitation; prostitution; demand; buyers
24
Sumaryanto, Djoko. "Criminalization of Human Trafficking; Assessment of Victims in Judges' Verdict for Deviant Sex services." Unram Law Review 4, no. 2 (October 23, 2020): 145–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/ulrev.v4i2.123.
Full textAbstract:
The current criminal law still adheres to the concept of Daad Dader Strafrecht, therefore, the existence of crime victims could not betouched by the law which implemented in every judge's decision,such as the event that a husband sells his wife for sex or threesome,the wife position here as the victim, this research was done by using legal research of normative law,which applies statute approach and case approach, by examining Sidoarjo State Court Verdict Number: 889/Pid.Sus/2018/PN.SDA, and it obtained several results, first inaccurate application of law and weak point of views of victim of crime. It can be concluded that after examination of legal facts, review the literatures and analyze it based on the cases, this work suggest husband activities on selling his wife by illegal sex/threesome should not be included as human trafficking. Since normatively, it is not relevant, furthermore the condition of family is not really well.
25
Musto, Jennifer, Mitali Thakor, and Borislav Gerasimov. "Editorial: Between Hope and Hype: Critical evaluations of technology’s role in anti-trafficking." Anti-Trafficking Review, no. 14 (April 27, 2020): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.14197/atr.201220141.
Full textAbstract:
Over the past decade, scholars, activists, and policymakers have repeatedly called for an examination of the role of technology as a contributing force to human trafficking and exploitation. Attention has focused on a range of issues from adult services websites and the use of social media to recruit victims and facilitate trafficking to the utilisation of data analytics software to understand trafficking and identify ‘hotspots of risk’. This article introduces the Special Issue of Anti-Trafficking Review devoted to the role of technology in (anti-)trafficking. It outlines the main assumptions and critiques some of the proposed ‘solutions’ in the field and presents briefly the articles included in the issue. It concludes that the factors that enable and sustain human trafficking are varied and complex and require political will – not tech solutionist fixes.
26
Elfes, Angeleke, and Philip Birch. "Sex trafficking and the role of state police within Australia." Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice 1, no. 2 (June 8, 2015): 65–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcrpp-10-2014-0004.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine operational policing practice with reference to reducing sex trafficking. Design/methodology/approach – This is a qualitative study in which in-depth structured interviews were conducted with state police officers in one state of Australia. Findings – The paper reveals that state police officers have a good understanding of sex trafficking and are involved in reactive policing methods in order to reduce this crime type. The data set yields a limitation in proactive policing methods for reducing sex trafficking, primarily due to human and financial resources and the composition of state and federal laws and policing practices in Australia. Those interviewed also noted how sex trafficking can disguise itself as legitimate sex work. Research limitations/implications – The effectiveness in operational practice at the local, national and international level in reducing sex trafficking can be enhanced through a more co-ordinated response to the problem. Recognition of better communication strategies and partnership working can support a reduction in sex trafficking as well as allowing those who are trafficked the status of “victim”. Practical implications – To ensure those who are trafficked for sexual servitude are viewed and treated as victims within the law. To review how state police forces in Australia are resourced in order to proactively address sex trafficking. To ensure state police forces can engage in more proactive policing initiatives in order to prevent sex trafficking. Reflect on examples of good practice between federal and state police forces in Australia to implement a co-ordinated approach for combatting sex trafficking. Originality/value – This is one of just a few studies examining organised crime from the perspective of law enforcement personnel within Australia.
27
Kuzmin, Yury A. "MIGRANTS AS POTENTIAL VICTIMS OF CRIME: VICTIMOLOGICAL ASPECT." Oeconomia et Jus, no. 1 (March 26, 2021): 52–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.47026/2499-9636-2021-1-52-59.
Full textAbstract:
The problem of preventing crime against migrants is updated. The urgency of issues related to preventing crimes against migrants as the main factor of criminality prevention in general is substantiated. The relevance of the topic is caused by the fact that in modern conditions, the attitude to migrants in accordance with the norms of international law is equally ambivalent. Migrants are exposed to numerous risks of victimization, and many of them suffer from victimization – sometimes repeatedly, and sometimes even systematically. Such risks of victimization can be classified together with their individual background of emigration and immigration. The two main types of criminal behaviour that is of interest to criminal policy – human trafficking and human smuggling – are addressed in the two Amendment Protocols to the UN Convention against Transnational Organized Crime (Palermo Convention): the Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children and the Protocol against the Smuggling of Migrants by Land, Sea and Air. In the latter document, migrants are perceived as offenders, not as victims, especially in legal treatment of smuggling. This is justified by the fact that migrants represent a demand for smuggling services, and this demand is considered the main incentive for this branch of organized crime, including transnational one. However, current legal situation – both the international legal framework and the legal provisions applied in the main jurisdictions – does not reflect the victimological reality of migration. The distinction between human trafficking and people smuggling (trafficking) creates a significant gap in the treatment of victims. The same is true of public, political and academic discussions that tend to ignore the reality of migration, which is characterized by the fact that not only victims of trafficking, but migrants in general, are clearly vulnerable and are at multiple risks of victimization. The problem of preventing crime against migrants is that it is hardly possible to justify a politically motivated dividing victims of criminal acts into two groups (trafficking in persons and smuggling of migrants) in order to achieve two different standards of protection, especially in light of the enormous risks of victimization to which all migrants are exposed.
28
Youngmann, Rafael, Rachel Bachner-Melman, Lilac Lev-Ari, Hadar Tzur, Ravit Hileli, and Ido Lurie. "Trauma, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, and Mental Health Care of Asylum Seekers." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 20 (October 12, 2021): 10661. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182010661.
Full textAbstract:
Asylum seekers in Israel from East Africa frequently experienced traumatic events along their journey, particularly in the Sinai Peninsula, where they were subjected to trafficking and torture. Exposure to trauma has implications for rights that are contingent on refugee status. This retrospective chart review aimed to characterize the types of traumas experienced by 219 asylum seekers (149 men) from Eritrea and Sudan who sought treatment at a specialized mental health clinic in Israel, and to compare the mental health of trauma victims (n = 168) with that of non-trauma victims (n = 53). About 76.7% of the asylum seekers had experienced at least one traumatic event, of whom 56.5% were diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Most reported traumas were experienced en route in the Sinai, rather than in the country of origin or Israel. Few clinical differences were observed between trauma victims and non-trauma victims, or between trauma victims with and without a PTSD diagnosis. Our findings emphasize the importance of accessibility to mental and other health services for asylum seekers. Governmental policies and international conventions on the definition of human trafficking may need to be revised, as well as asylum seekers’ rights and access to health services related to visa status.
29
Mmbali, Oscar. "Learning From Incidents to Improve Services: Kenyan Victims’ Reaction to a Migrant Labour Scam in Thailand." Slavery Today Journal 3, no. 1 (August 2016): 9–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.22150/stj/hfin2970.
Full textAbstract:
Incidents that occur at workplace can serve as sources of unique knowledge from which organizations can derive information that can be insightful when drawing lessons on how to improve the functions, structures, or services of the organizations. In May 2015, a human trafficking and migrant labor syndicate was uncovered in Bangkok. Victims were Kenyans who had been lured into the scam, while seeking job opportunities abroad. This is a qualitative case study which describes and interprets Kenyan victims’ reaction to a migrant labor scam in Thailand.
30
Zimmerman, Cathy, Ligia Kiss, Mazeda Hossain, and Charlotte Watts. "Trafficking in persons: a health concern?" Ciência & Saúde Coletiva 14, no. 4 (August 2009): 1029–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1413-81232009000400010.
Full textAbstract:
Human trafficking is a phenomenon that has now been documented in most regions in the world. Although trafficking of women and girls for sexual exploitation is the most commonly recognised form of trafficking, it is widely acknowledged that human trafficking also involves men, women and children who are trafficked for various forms of labour exploitation and into other abusive circumstances. Despite the violence and harm inherent in most trafficking situations, there remains extremely little evidence on the individual and public health implications of any form of human trafficking. The Brazilian government has recently launched a national plan to combat human trafficking. However, because the health risks associated with human trafficking have not been well-recognised or documented, there is extremely limited reliable data on the health needs of trafficked persons to inform policy and practices.. Brazilian policy-makers and service providers should be encouraged to learn about the likely range of health impacts of trafficking, and incorporate this into anti-trafficking protection and response strategies. As well as prevention activities, the government, international and local organisations should work together with the public health research community to study the health needs of trafficked persons and explore opportunities to provide safe and appropriate services to victims in need of care.
31
Beck, Dana C., Kristen R. Choi, Michelle L. Munro-Kramer, and Jody R. Lori. "Human Trafficking in Ethiopia: A Scoping Review to Identify Gaps in Service Delivery, Research, and Policy." Trauma, Violence, & Abuse 18, no. 5 (March 31, 2016): 532–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1524838016641670.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this review is to integrate evidence on human trafficking in Ethiopia and identify gaps and recommendations for service delivery, research and training, and policy. A scoping literature review approach was used to systematically search nursing, medical, psychological, law, and international databases and synthesize information on a complex, understudied topic. The search yielded 826 articles, and 39 met the predetermined criteria for inclusion in the review. Trafficking in Ethiopia has occurred internally and externally in the form of adult and child labor and sex trafficking. There were also some reports of organ trafficking and other closely related human rights violations, such as child marriage, child soldiering, and exploitative intercountry adoption. Risk factors for trafficking included push factors (poverty, political instability, economic problems, and gender discrimination) and pull factors (demand for cheap labor). Trafficking was associated with poor health and economic outcomes for victims. Key recommendations for service delivery, research and training, and policy are identified, including establishing comprehensive services for survivor rehabilitation and reintegration, conducting quantitative health outcomes research, and reforming policy around migration and trafficking. Implementing the recommendations identified by this review will allow policy makers, researchers, and practitioners to take meaningful steps toward confronting human trafficking in Ethiopia.
32
Chambers, Ronald. "Caring for human trafficking victims: A description and rationale for the Medical Safe Haven model in family medicine residency clinics." International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine 54, no. 4-5 (July 4, 2019): 344–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0091217419860358.
Full textAbstract:
Human trafficking is a growing public health issue. As we understand more about the prevalence of persons experiencing trafficking accessing clinical services and their unique healthcare needs, we recognize the need for programs dedicated to creating a safe environment to ensure victims and survivors have equitable, sustainable access to the physical, mental, and psychosocial care they require. Healthcare providers are often a first line of care for persons experiencing trafficking and represent a significant opportunity to positively impact outcomes in terms of health, overall quality of life, and reintegration into society. Here we discuss how persons experiencing trafficking present in the clinic, including survivors’ reported experiences with healthcare providers, how to identify victims, and why it is important to do so appropriately in a trauma-informed manner. We then describe key characteristics of a “Medical Safe Haven” clinic, an umbrella term used to describe clinics providing longitudinal care for patients who have been trafficked using validated victim-centered trauma-informed care techniques and incorporating survivor-informed practices. Medical Safe Haven clinics coordinate care with local community agencies, provide training for healthcare providers, and ensure longitudinal, comprehensive care by mitigating barriers to access, reducing risk of re-traumatization, and preventing failure of victim rehabilitation. We conclude with recommendations for next steps in evaluation and dissemination of this model of care.
33
Borschmann, Rohan, Sian Oram, Stuart A. Kinner, Rina Dutta, Cathy Zimmerman, and Louise M. Howard. "Self-Harm Among Adult Victims of Human Trafficking Who Accessed Secondary Mental Health Services in England." Psychiatric Services 68, no. 2 (February 2017): 207–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.201500509.
Full text
34
Kelemen, Katalin, and Märta C. Johansson. "Still Neglecting the Demand that Fuels Human Trafficking: A Study Comparing the Criminal Laws and Practice of Five European States on Human Trafficking, Purchasing Sex from Trafficked Adults and from Minors." European Journal of Crime, Criminal Law and Criminal Justice 21, no. 3-4 (2013): 247–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718174-21042030.
Full textAbstract:
This article discusses the implementation of duties to reduce the market for sexual services of trafficked persons, both adults and children. The article begins by describing the duties that stem from international and European obligations. It then presents the legislation and practice of five European states (Hungary, Italy, the Netherlands, Sweden and the United Kingdom) regarding human trafficking and the purchase of sexual acts from trafficking victims. The states in the study have introduced measures to combat human trafficking by effective prosecutions and sentencing of traffickers. They have, however, taken few measures to combat demand for the sexual services of trafficked persons; in some countries, no measures at all. As all the countries criminalise the purchase of sexual acts from children below the age of 18, the article examines whether this has afforded trafficked children effective protection against sexual exploitation. One key element in the crime of purchasing sex from a minor is knowledge of the child’s age. The subjective elements that states require range from strict liability (below certain ages) to negligence, and their practice also varies. The article ends by discussing the lacunae that remain before states can be said to secure trafficked persons’ right to effective protection against sexual exploitation.
35
Bachro, Renny Supriyatni, and Mien Rukmini. "Human Trafficking In Accordance with Prosperity and National Economic Development." JURNAL CITA HUKUM 6, no. 1 (June 27, 2018): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/jch.v6i1.8265.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract:Nowadays, Human trafficking has spread their wings and becomes a crime, the trafficker works with a good organization and works between country to country, it becomes a threat for society, nation and country itself. To prevent this issue, we need to collaborate with another institutions. Law enforcer, government, Social services and also Non-Governmental Organization need to collaborate to resolve this issue for Indonesia and for International society. Government has a responsibility and also active in various development condition such as prosperity development, economic development because it is the main responsibility for country to protect the law of the country including Human rights. This main responsibility cannot be reduced by political reasons, economic and also cultural reasons. This research aims an overview of the solutions regarding the form of the prevention and the protection of the law against human trafficking and also to find a concrete measure in the form of regulations to covers the victims of the human trafficking for a prosperity and economic development. However, based on the empirical data, there are many problems and obstacles in the implementation of the provision of legal protections in the term of restitution and rehabilitation. The suggestion is, to prevent and to protect human trafficking victims, we need to make sure the local regulations in each province is suitable with the act of PTPPO and also, we need to strengthen the coordination. Moreover, to strengthen the prosperity of the human trafficking victims and to immune the economic development in society, we need to make sure the coordination between the central government and the local government in each province is strong in the term of budgeting. The utilizations of the APBN is to covers about prosperity and local economic development in the village who have the most potential to be a human trafficking victim.Keyword: Human Trafficking, Protections of the victims, prevention, Welfare and economics.Abstrak: Saat ini, perdagangan manusia telah melebarkan sayap dan menjadi kejahatan. Pelaku bekerja dengan organisasi yang baik dan memiliki jaringan antar negara. Ia menjadi ancaman bagi masyarakat, bangsa dan negara itu sendiri. Untuk mencegah masalah ini, perlu dilakukan kolaborasi dengan institusi lain. Penegak hukum, pemerintah, layanan sosial dan juga LSM (organisasi non-pemerintah) perlu berkolaborasi untuk menyelesaikan masalah ini bagi Indonesia dan masyarakat internasional. Pemerintah pun memiliki tanggung jawab dan juga aktif dalam berbagai kondisi pembangunan seperti pembangunan kemakmuran, pembangunan ekonomi karena merupakan tanggung jawab utama bagi negara untuk melindungi hukum negara termasuk hak asasi manusia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran tentang solusi mengenai bentuk pencegahan dan perlindungan hukum terhadap perdagangan manusia dan juga untuk menemukan langkah-langkah konkret dalam bentuk peraturan yang mencakup korban perdagangan manusia untuk kemakmuran dan pembangunan ekonomi. Namun, berdasarkan data empiris, ada banyak masalah dan hambatan dalam pelaksanaan ketentuan perlindungan hukum dalam istilah restitusi dan rehabilitasi. Karenanya untuk mencegah dan melindungi korban perdagangan manusia, perlu dipastikan bahwa peraturan lokal di setiap provinsi sesuai dengan tindakan PTPPO dan juga perlu memperkuat koordinasi. Selain itu, untuk memperkuat kemakmuran korban perdagangan manusia dan untuk melindungi perkembangan ekonomi masyarakat, perlu juga dipastikan koordinasi antara pemerintah pusat dan pemerintah daerah di setiap provinsi khususnya dalam hal penganggaran. APBN pun juga harus mencakup kemakmuran dan pembangunan ekonomi lokal di desa, karena desa paling berpotensi menjadi korban perdagangan manusia.Kata Kunci: Human Trafficking, Perlindungan Korban, Kesejahteraan dan EkonomiDOI: 10.15408/jch.v6i1.8265
36
Kaufka Walts, Katherine. "Child Labor Trafficking in the United States: A Hidden Crime." Social Inclusion 5, no. 2 (June 23, 2017): 59–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/si.v5i2.914.
Full textAbstract:
Emerging research brings more attention to labor trafficking in the United States. However, very few efforts have been made to better understand or respond to labor trafficking of minors. Cases of children forced to work as domestic servants, in factories, restaurants, peddling candy or other goods, or on farms may not automatically elicit suspicion from an outside observer as compared to a child providing sexual services for money. In contrast to sex trafficking, labor trafficking is often tied to formal economies and industries, which often makes it more difficult to distinguish from "legitimate" work, including among adolescents. This article seeks to provide examples of documented cases of child labor trafficking in the United States, and to provide an overview of systemic gaps in law, policy, data collection, research, and practice. These areas are currently overwhelmingly focused on sex trafficking, which undermines the policy intentions of the Trafficking Victims Protection Act (2000), the seminal statute criminalizing sex and labor trafficking in the United States, its subsequent reauthorizations, and international laws and protocols addressing human trafficking.
37
Kappler, Rachel, and Arduizur Carli Richie-Zavaleta. "Legislative discrepancies: an analysis of Missouri’s current human trafficking laws and the need to improve its legal protection of victims." International Journal of Human Rights in Healthcare 13, no. 2 (March 31, 2020): 143–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijhrh-08-2019-0063.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose Human trafficking (HT) is a local, national and international problem with a range of human rights, public health and policy implications. Victims of HT face atrocious abuses that negatively impact their health outcomes. When a state lacks protective laws, such as Safe Harbor laws, victims of HT tend to be seen as criminals. This paper aims to highlight the legal present gaps within Missouri’s anti-trafficking legislation and delineates recommendations for the legal protection of victims of HT and betterment of services needed for their reintegration and healing. Design/methodology/approach This case-study is based on a policy analysis of current Missouri’s HT laws. This analysis was conducted through examining current rankings systems created by nationally and internationally recognized non-governmental organizations as well as governmental reports. Additionally, other state’s best practice and law passage of Safe Harbor legislations were examined. The recommendations were based on human rights and public health frameworks. Findings Missouri is a state that has yet to upgrade its laws lately to reflect Safe Harbor laws. Constant upgrades and evaluations of current efforts are necessary to protect and address HT at the state and local levels. Public health and human rights principles can assist in the upgrading of current laws as well as other states’ best-practice and integration of protective legislation and diversion programs to both youth and adult victims of HT. Research limitations/implications Laws are continually being updated at the state level; therefore, there might be some upgrades that have taken place after the analysis of this case study was conducted. Also, the findings and recommendations of this case study are limited to countries that are similar to the USA in terms of the state-level autonomy to pass laws independently from federal law. Practical implications If Safe Harbor laws are well designed, they have greater potential to protect, support and assist victims of HT in their process from victimization into survivorship as well as to paving the way for societal reintegration. The creation and enforcement of Safe Harbor laws is a way to ensure the decriminalization process. Additionally, this legal protection also ensures that the universal human rights of victims are protected. Consequently, these legal processes and updates could assist in creating healthier communities in the long run in the USA and around the world. Social implications From a public health and human rights perspectives, communities in the USA and around the world cannot provide complete protection to victims of HT until their anti-trafficking laws reflect Safe Harbor laws. Originality/value This case study, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, is a unique analysis that dismantles the discrepancies of Missouri’s current HT laws. This work is valuable to those who create policies at the state level and advocate for the protection of victims and anti-trafficking efforts.
38
Dyer, Karen, Nathaniel Dickey, Sarah Smith, and Hannah Helmy. "Human Trafficking in Florida: The Role of Applied Anthropology in Addressing the Problem and Response." Practicing Anthropology 34, no. 4 (September 1, 2012): 24–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/praa.34.4.g632r1j2m4w60413.
Full textAbstract:
Human trafficking is a pervasive issue in the United States (Florida State 2003:16). While an estimated 18,000-20,000 persons are trafficked across the nation's borders each year, this may be a dramatic underestimation of actual occurrence due to the hidden nature of human trafficking crimes and the fact that this number does not include domestic trafficking incidents (Florida State 2003:16). Federal anti-trafficking legislation defines "trafficking in persons" to mean those compelled into commercial sex acts (sex trafficking) or labor and services (labor trafficking) through force, fraud or coercion (United States Congress 2000). Although exact data regarding the incidence of human trafficking in Florida are currently unavailable, it is considered a lucrative trafficking hub—often being cited as one of the top three states in which the crime occurs. This is principally because of its agriculture- and tourism-based economy, two industries in which trafficking can thrive with relatively little resistance (Florida State 2003:27). Indeed, Miami International Airport has ranked among the "top points of entry for trafficking" since as early as 1999 (Florida State 2003:28). The lack of comprehensive data also precludes a clear picture of the demographics and nationalities of all trafficked persons in Florida, but figures from the U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops provide a snapshot of certified victims of trafficking who are receiving federal benefits. In a four-year period ending August 2010, 274 trafficked persons received federal benefits; of these individuals, 127 were female, 147 were male, and the top five nationalities were those from Haiti (81), the Phillipines (65), Mexico (42), Guatemala (13), and Honduras (12) (Florida State 2010:39-40).
39
Kaban, Andreas Teguhta, Aulia Rosa Nasution, and Ridho Mubarak. "Tinjauan Yuridis Terhadap Tindak Pidana Perdagangan Orang Oleh Penyedia Jasa Pekerja Seks Komersial (Studi Putusan Nomor 741/Pid.Sus/2016/PN. Mdn)." JUNCTO: Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum 2, no. 2 (September 11, 2020): 181–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.31289/juncto.v2i2.327.
Full textAbstract:
The crime of trafficking in persons (human trafficking) is a very complex crime so it is difficult to eradicate. However, attention to trafficking in persons is more focused on women as vulnerable groups in this discussion (women trafficking). The purpose of this study is to see more clearly that there is still a link between the crime of commercial sex worker service providers with the crime of trafficking in persons. The method of approach that the authors take in this research is descriptive qualitative. The underlying factors are economic, family, religious, lack of awareness, the desire to get rich quickly. The legal provisions in Law Number 21 of 2007 concerning the Criminal Act of Trafficking in Persons have been supplemented with implementing regulations, namely Government Regulation Number 9 of 2008 concerning Procedures and Mechanisms for Integrated Services for Witnesses and / or Victims of Trafficking in People in Article 1 paragraph 1 and Presidential Regulation No. 69/2008 concerning the Prevention and Handling of Criminal Acts of Trafficking in Persons Article 4. Legal Analysis that the Defendant is proven guilty of committing a crime "intentionally as a livelihood or habit of committing or facilitating obscene acts with others" and the Defendant has become a pimp by providing women who are trafficked for sexual services so that the Defendant benefits from these actions.
40
Sumbi, Evelyn bellatrix, Irzani Andi Abdulrahman, Rahma Pramudya Nawang Sari, and Arief Budiono. "Legal Protection of Child Victims of Human Trafficking (Human Trafficking) District in South Central Timor Review of Law Number 35 Year 2014 Regarding Child Protection." YUSTISIA MERDEKA : Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum 7, no. 2 (December 9, 2021): 91–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.33319/yume.v7i2.96.
Full textAbstract:
The increase in cases of human trafficking is a problem that has an impact on post-modern civilization. The uneven distribution of opportunities for education for the lower middle class has resulted in many cases of children dropping out of school due to higher education costs, uneven health services in various regions, and the influence of negative issues in the spotlight at home and abroad..In the eastern part of Indonesia, cases of human trafficking generally occur in rural communities with hidden recruitment by the perpetrators coming from the family environment and closest relatives as happened in South Central Timor, among others: Adoption of children who are not appropriate procedural and illegal; Culture (Oko Mama) and family; Become a worker with the promise of a large salary and a decent living; Approach through romance; and kidnapping of victims. Human trafficking cases, both domestically and abroad, are carried out with various modus operandi that are increasingly diverse and complex, so that a comprehensive and synergistic handling is needed. The results of research into criminal acts of human trafficking in East Nusa Tenggara must receive special handling from the government, law enforcement officials, families and communities so that they do not develop which have an effect on children. In addition, children must also receive attention both in growth and development in the community and in terms of education wherever they are and the social impacts that arise on lifestyle changes and on educational orientation..
41
Tsikarishvili, Kakha. "MANDATORY ELEMENTS OF THE CRIME OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING ACCORDING TO THE CRIMINAL CODE OF GEORGIA." Scientific works of National Aviation University. Series: Law Journal "Air and Space Law" 2, no. 63 (June 30, 2022): 222–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.18372/2307-9061.63.16733.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose: the aim of this paper is to analyze mandatory elements of the crime of human trafficking according to the criminal code of Georgia. Methods: mandatory elements of human trafficking shall be analyzed in accordance with the structure of corpus delicti. According to dominating legal theory in Georgia the corpus delicti (first element of the crime) is composed of objective and subjective elements: while the conduct, result and means of the commission of the crime are included in objective elements, the purpose and intent of the crime are part of the subjective elements. Results: it appears that the crime of human trafficking is made of 5 basic elements: Sale and purchase (or other illegal transaction); Recruitment; Coercion (or deception); Limitation of freedom/control of the victim; Exploitation. However, none of these elements are mandatory for the crime of human trafficking. They are optional in nature. Also, it appears that the Georgian law on human trafficking is too wide and requires modification, because on the one hand it may not entirely fit with international legal definition of human trafficking and on the other hand may overlap with other crimes already covered by Georgian criminal code. Discussion: the Georgian criminal code adopted in 1999 did not contain the crime of human trafficking. In 2003, the crime of human trafficking was included in the chapter of crimes directed against human rights and freedoms (Chapter 23). This chapter contains three articles related to the crime of human trafficking: Article 1431 (Human Trafficking) Article 1432 (trafficking of minors) and Article 1431 (benefiting from the services of the victims of human trafficking); For proposer qualification of the crime of human trafficking, it is important to identify its elements and find out whether these elements are mandatory or optional. While the crime of human trafficking has a complex composition, many terms applied by the law cause divergent interpretations in legal theory. However, its important that the terms are interpreted in accordance with the international agreements on human trafficking to which Georgia is a party.
42
Pasca Surya Bayu, Eka, and Dewi Sari Wahyuni. "PERWUJUDAN INDONESIA LAYAK ANAK (Studi Kasus PKBM Kasih Bundo Kota Bukittinggi Sebagai Penyelenggara Pendidikan Kesetaraan)." AGENDA: Jurnal Analisis Gender dan Agama 2, no. 1 (March 18, 2020): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.31958/agenda.v2i1.1992.
Full textAbstract:
Education must be carried out for it provides services for all people. Thus, Indonesian government conducts various policies. One of them is child-friendly city. This article has a purpose to explain the other side of education which facilitated Bukittinggi as one of child-friendly city in Indonesia. This research was carried out at PKBM Kasih Bundo, Bukittinggi. The research method is descriptive research. The research findings reflect some activities done by PKBM Kasih Bundo Bukittinggi in realizing Bukittinggi as child-friendly citiey, namely 1) organizing alternatives education, 2) services of child victim of human trafficking, 3) services of child victims of drugs and sex violence, and 4) services for children deviant behavior.
43
Ardin, Andi Jefri, and Beniharmoni Harefa. "Pemenuhan Hak Anak Korban Tindak Pidana Perdagangan Orang." Jurnal Suara Hukum 3, no. 1 (March 9, 2021): 174. http://dx.doi.org/10.26740/jsh.v3n1.p174-196.
Full textAbstract:
One of the most important in human trafficking is the handling of victims. By normative research methods, it discusses the fulfillment of the rights of children who are vulnerable to becoming victims. There are two legal instruments in handling child as victims, there are Law Number 21 of 2007 and Law Number 35 of 2014. Based on the research, the Law Number 21 of 2007 more fulfilling than Law Number 35 of 2014. Government Regulation Number 43 of 2017 as implementing regulations for Law Number 35 of 2014 is not much different in substance from Law Number 21 of 2007. The application of the principle of the right to life and development of children also implies the state's obligation to ensure that children must have all the necessary access like social services, physical and mental health services and education. Law Number 21 of 2007 nor Law Number 35 of 2014, not fulfilled these principles, for example regarding the education of child as victims. The law enforcement officials must pay attention to the Law Number 8 of 2010, to ensure that the defendant through confiscation of assets can fulfill the restitution for the victim’s during the investigation process.
44
Volodko, Ada, Ella Cockbain, and Bennett Kleinberg. "“Spotting the signs” of trafficking recruitment online: exploring the characteristics of advertisements targeted at migrant job-seekers." Trends in Organized Crime 23, no. 1 (December 31, 2019): 7–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12117-019-09376-5.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractDespite considerable concern about how human trafficking offenders may use the Internet to recruit their victims, arrange logistics or advertise services, the Internet-trafficking nexus remains unclear. This study explored the prevalence and correlates of a set of commonly-used indicators of labour trafficking in online job advertisements. Taking a case study approach, we focused on a major Lithuanian website aimed at people seeking work abroad. We examined a snapshot of job advertisements (n = 430), assessing both their general characteristics (e.g. industry, destination country) and the presence of trafficking indicators. The vast majority (98.4%) contained at least one indicator, suggesting certain "indicators" may in fact be commonplace characteristics of this labour market. Inferential statistical tests revealed significant but weak relationships between the advertisements’ characteristics and the number and nature of indicators present. While there may be value in screening job advertisements to identify potential labour trafficking and exploitation, additional information is needed to ascertain actual labour trafficking. We conclude with an outlook on automated approaches to identifying cases of possible trafficking and a discussion of the benefits and ethical concerns of a data science-driven approach.
45
Jani, Jayshree S. "Reunification is Not Enough: Assessing the Needs of Unaccompanied Migrant Youth." Families in Society: The Journal of Contemporary Social Services 98, no. 2 (April 2017): 127–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1606/1044-3894.2017.98.18.
Full textAbstract:
Unaccompanied migrant youth enter the United States daily to escape violence, political oppression, extreme poverty, and chronic instability in their native countries, or as victims of human trafficking. While some research has investigated why they leave their home countries, very little is known about what happens to them after they begin the process of community integration. The research reported in this article sought to understand how sponsors of children with no postrelease services access and use community services during their first year of integration into a new U.S. community. Findings highlight the need for a nuanced understanding of family reunification and community integration as dynamic, ongoing processes rather than onetime events, and for services to support such integration.
46
Awerbuch, Adam, Naiomi Gunaratne, Juhi Jain, and Panagiota Caralis. "Raising awareness of human trafficking in key professional fields via a multidisciplinary educational approach." International Journal of Human Rights in Healthcare 13, no. 2 (March 20, 2020): 159–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijhrh-07-2019-0053.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose Human trafficking (HT) for sex and labor services is among the fastest growing criminal enterprises, causing significant physical and psychological morbidity to victims. Although many survivors encounter medical, legal and social work professionals during their captivity, lack of awareness of HT in these fields results in under-recognition of victims. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a multidisciplinary educational conference on raising awareness of HT in these fields. Design/methodology/approach A single-day educational conference on HT was hosted in Miami, Florida. Participants were recruited from medical, law enforcement, social work and political fields. The research team issued a ten-item HT survey at the start and end of the conference. Results were analyzed for improvement in survey score using an exact Wilcoxon sign rank test. The results were analyzed both as a single cohort and stratified by profession. Findings For all participants, there was a significant improvement in post-survey score (0.355, p < 0.05). When stratified by profession, significant improvement was noted in the legal subgroup (0.561, p < 0.05). No significant changes were noted for the other individual professional cohorts, although all subgroups trended toward improvement. Research limitations/implications A multi-disciplinary educational conference may be effective in raising awareness of HT. Further research is needed to determine the effect of increased awareness on actual outcomes for trafficking survivors. Originality/value This study represents unique, original research which provides valuable data as to the effectiveness of educational conferences on raising awareness of HT for professionals with the best opportunity to make meaningful interventions.
47
Breede, Deborah Cunningham. "Negotiating Dialectics in a Communication Activism Collaboration." Qualitative Communication Research 1, no. 4 (2012): 405–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/qcr.2012.1.4.405.
Full textAbstract:
This collaborative communication activism project documents the founding and growth of the Eastern Carolina Coalition against Human Trafficking (ECCAHT), a grassroots, community activism, non-governmental organization dedicated to advocating against human trafficking. Now an effective educational and political resource in coastal South Carolina, since its founding, ECCAHT has sponsored dozens of training, educational, and student workshops; has campaigned extensively in the community for gender equity and violence cessation; and has successfully assisted in the passage of two major pieces of state legislation that increase penalties against human traffickers and provide victims' services funding. Employing observation and participation, interactive interviews, and document analysis, this narrative ethnography analyzes and discusses the processes, structures, challenges, and celebrations of ECCAHT. Relational dialectics is used as a framework within which to examine the often messy and always complex interpersonal relationships that constitute the networks of individuals involved in ECCAHT's founding, organization, and success, and the management of those relational dialectics is identified as a key ingredient to the organization's continued operations.
48
Thompson, Charles DR, Arun Mahay, David Stuckler, and Sarah Steele. "Do clinicians receive adequate training to identify trafficked persons? A scoping review of NHS Foundation Trusts." JRSM Open 8, no. 9 (September 2017): 205427041772040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2054270417720408.
Full textAbstract:
Objective We investigate whether physicians in secondary care in the English NHS receive adequate training to recognise and appropriately refer for services those persons suspected to be victims of human trafficking. Design Freedom of Information requests were sent to the 105 England’s NHS Trusts delivering acute care in England. Setting NHS Trusts providing secondary care in England. Participants English NHS Trusts. Main outcome measures We requested data about the training provided on human trafficking to clinicians, including the nature, delivery, and format of any education, and any planned training. Results A total of 89.5% of the 105 Trusts responded. Of these Trusts, 69% provide education to physicians on human trafficking, and a further 6% provide training but did not specify who received it. The majority of Trusts providing training did so within wider safeguarding provision (91%). Only one trust reported that it provides stand-alone training on trafficking to all its staff, including physicians. Within training offered by Trusts, 54% observed best practice providing training on the clinical indicators of trafficking, while 16% referenced the National Referral Mechanism. Amongst those not providing training, 39% of Trusts report provision is in development. Conclusions Our results find that 25% of NHS Foundation Trusts appear to lack training for physicians around human trafficking. It is also of concern that of the Trusts who currently do not provide training, only 39% are developing training or planning to do so. There is an urgent need to review and update the scope of available training and bring it into alignment with current legislation.
49
Bhalerao, Rasika, Nora McDonald, Hanna Barakat, Vaughn Hamilton, Damon McCoy, and Elissa Redmiles. "Ethics and Efficacy of Unsolicited Anti-Trafficking SMS Outreach." Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 6, CSCW2 (November 7, 2022): 1–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3555083.
Full textAbstract:
The sex industry exists on a continuum based on the degree of work autonomy present in one's labor conditions: a high degree of autonomy exists on one side of the continuum where certain independent sex workers have a great deal of agency, while much less autonomy exists on the other side, where sex is traded under conditions of human trafficking. Various organizations across North America perform outreach to sex workers to offer assistance in the form of services (e.g., healthcare, financial assistance, housing) as well as prayer and intervention. Increasingly, technology is used to look for trafficking victims and/or facilitate the provision of assistance or services, for example through scraping and parsing sex industry workers' advertisements into a database of contact information that can be used by outreach organizations. However, little is known about the efficacy of anti-trafficking outreach technology, nor the potential risks of using such technology to identify and contact the highly stigmatized and marginalized population of those working in the sex industry. In this work, we investigate the use, context, benefits, and harms of an anti-trafficking technology platform via qualitative interviews with multiple stakeholders: the technology developers (n=6), organizations that use the technology (n=17), and sex industry workers who have been contacted or wish to be contacted (n=24). Our findings illustrate misalignment between developers, users of the platform, and sex industry workers they are attempting to assist. In their current state, anti-trafficking outreach tools such as the one we investigate are ineffective and, at best, serve as a mechanism for spam and, at worst, scale and exacerbate harm against the population they aim to serve. We conclude with a discussion of best practices -- and the feasibility of their implementation -- for technology-facilitated outreach efforts to minimize risk or harm to sex industry workers while efficiently providing needed services.
50
Immanuel Simanjuntak, Dimarciano Abelardi Sagala, Melinda Putri Ayu Tumangger, and Arina Uly Febiola Sihite. "JURIDICAL STUDY ON CRIMINAL IN THE CRIME OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING ACCORDING TO LAW NO. 21 OF 2007 (CASE STUDY OF DECISION NO. 3119/PID.SUS/2020/PN. MDN)." Awang Long Law Review 4, no. 2 (May 21, 2022): 283–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.56301/awl.v4i2.379.
Full textAbstract:
Human trafficking is a modern form of slavery. The victims are trafficked not only for prostitution but also include other forms of exploitation where in this case Human rights are violated, such as forced labor or forced services, slavery, or practices similar to the slavery are also traded. This case has become a symptom all over the world especially in Indonesia, the development of the era and social medial at this time is dangerous and makes people more and more willing to do whatever without worrying about their own safety. The problem in this research is the application of law against the perpetrators of the criminal act of Human trafficking reviewed in law number 21 of 2007 concerning the eradication of the crime of Human trafficking, the factors causing the crime of Human trafficking, as well as the judge's considerations in sentencing the perpetrators of the crime of Human trafficking in the decision No.3119/ Pid.Sus /2020/ PN.Mdn This study is using a normative juridical research method which is a community social research followed by a literature study by examining the secondary data obtained by conducting a literature study. The consideration of the judges of the Medan State Court in deciding the case No.3119/ Pid.Sus /2020/ PN.Mdn has considered this case well based on the proven evidence and facts in the trial. The aggravating and mitigating circumstances halve been considered by the panel of judges, so that the judge's decision has fulfilled a sense of justice for the community.