Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Human trafficking victims Protection Australia'

The text aims to identify aspects that should be considered in preparing the State’s institutions to effectively combat human trafficking of a transnational nature. It addresses four main issues. First, it notices the specific problems of foreign human trafficking victims, which could be confused or overlapped with other categories, such as migrant smuggling and illegal migrant status. Subsequently, it develops three fundamental arguments that give primacy to their status as victims of human trafficking and their specialized attention from a human rights perspective. Thirdly, it provides guidelines on the elements that should constitute this approach from the specific rights of foreign victims of human trafficking. Finally, the Peruvian legal and institutional framework is analyzed, as well as its possibilities and challenges for adequate attention to foreign victims of trafficking.
El texto apunta a determinar los aspectos que deben ser considerados para perfeccionar el funcionamiento del aparato estatal con el fin de luchar efectivamente contra la trata de personas de carácter transnacional y para orientarlo por los principios propios de un enfoque de derechos humanos con respecto a la víctima de trata de personas. Aborda cuatro puntos centrales. Primero, advierte la problemática particular de las víctimas de trata extranjeras, al ser proclive su confusión o superposición con otras categorías, como la de tráfico de migrantes y migrante en condición irregular. Posteriormente, se desarrollan tres argumentos fundamentales que otorgan primacía a su condición de víctima de trata y a su atención especializada desde un enfoque de derechos humanos. Como tercer punto, se brindan directrices sobre los elementos que deben componer este enfoque, a partir de los derechos específicos de víctimas de trata extranjeras. Por último, se analiza el marco normativo e institucional peruano, y sus posibilidades y retos para lograr una atención adecuada a las víctimas de trata extranjera.

This thesis is an exploratory investigation into multifaceted counter-trafficking activities in Vietnam. The study's aims include: examining inter-agency cooperation in preventing human trafficking and protecting victims; identifying root causes of the problem; and suggesting appropriate solutions to better trafficking prevention and victim protection. To achieve these aims, 25 semi-structured interviews with five different cohorts (police officers, border guards, women's union staff, social welfare staff, and staff from the Ministry of Information and Communication) were conducted. In addition, seventy government reports and five conference proceedings specific to the situation in Vietnam were collected, critically analyzed, and used to triangulate the findings from the semi-structured interviews.

This study was carried out in order to get an understanding on how the victims of human trafficking are taken care of in the EU and if the union’s ambition open up for the victim’s empowerment and thereafter also decreases the risk of the survivors to be utilized again in the same or different way. The idea derives from EU’s focus on establishing minimum standards that shall protect and support victims of human trafficking. Through a thematic text analysis where John Friedmann’s disempowerment model was applied, the ambition was to answer the research questions how does the EU work in order to protect and support the victims of human trafficking and does this effort open up for the possibility of the victims to take control over their own lives and livelihood; i.e. being empowered. The result shows that EU’s work to protect and support victims of human trafficking open up for the possibility for the victims to take control over their lives – but that there needs to be similar studies of other actors and agencies in order to see if the work is comprehensive enough and supplements what EU can do.

Human trafficking has emerged over the past three decades as an issue of considerable concern for the international community, and governments around the world have committed themselves to enacting legislation to combat the trade in humans. This has resulted in the adoption of international standards and important obligations of governments, to address the trafficking in persons (TIP) and in particular child trafficking which appears as a worldwide form of modern-day slavery, and a facet of transnational organized crime. This study investigated the potential causes of this state of affairs, which could be the inadequacy of legal texts and absence of implementation mechanisms, lack of co-ordination amongst the actors implicated, the insufficiency of political will to respond to the problem, the permeability of borders, or the lack of information in the accounts of victims and their parents. The principle objective aimed to address and ensure safety, special protection and security to child victims of trafficking. In so doing this study identified the existing legal framework in the international and regional environment.

The U.S. Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 (TVPA) was the first piece of legislation designed to combat human trafficking on all fronts, both domestically and internationally, and was upheld as a model worldwide. Although human trafficking as an issue seemed to appear out of nowhere onto the congressional agenda and a number of heated debates ensued during .the making of the TVPA, the legislation passed quickly by an unlikely coalition of players. The purpose of this dissertation research was to gain insight into the forces which led to the making of the TVPA through the lens of the Advocacy Coalition Framework (ACF) model of the policy making process.The ACF's focus on belief systems in order to increase one's understanding of the policy making process makes it an interesting model to use to examine policy making in arenas dominated by issues that involve deeply held beliefs. The human trafficking policy subsystem is one such arena, in which beliefs and attitudes regarding sexual behavior, prostitution, morality, sexual deviancy, immigrants and immigration policy, feminist issues, and public health concerns come into play. In addition, human trafficking, widely acknowledged as a public evil, is a valence issue. This dissertation research also serves as a case to examine how the ACF "holds up" as a model used to examine valence issues.This study was a dual-method study in which in-depth interviews of twenty-one key policy players involved in the making of the legislation and a content analysis of congressional hearings related to human trafficking during the 1995-2000 time period were used as methodologies.Findings reveal that advocacy coalitions did exist within the human trafficking policysubsystem and that the primary coalition responsible for the focus on human trafficking as a legislative issue was a left/right coalition made up of radical feminists, conservativeChristians, and human rights organization representatives, which was built from a pre-existing coalition. With the support of my research findings, I pose the question: was the TVPA created to protect victims of human trafficking or was the issue of human trafficking used to push a greater moral agenda including abolishing prostitution worldwide?

Human Trafficking in Florida is a growing issue that affects individuals and communities on a micro, mezzo, and macro level. Although legislative efforts and changes in agency policies have raised awareness about this problem, limited awareness and research examines awareness of labor trafficking as one form of human trafficking. This exploratory-descriptive study used a convenience sampling technique to explore the perceptions of 45 Bachelors (BSW) and Masters (MSW) level social work students on the prevalence and nature of labor trafficking. The findings from the research show students have a general idea of labor trafficking and believe in equal access to human rights for victims. However, majority of students were unaware of current legislation to aid victims in Florida, and the prevalence of men as victims. Implications from this study show a need for further education within social work policies that aid labor trafficking victims, and a need for additional research to identify specific ways students can learn about human trafficking.
B.S.W.
Bachelors
Social Work
Health and Public Affairs

Syftet med denna studie har varit att undersöka det skydd och stöd svenska myndigheter kan erbjuda offer för människohandel för sexuella ändamål (MSÄ). Detta har uppnåtts genom en textanalys av utvalda myndighetsdokument vilka behandlar skydd och stöd för personer utsatta för MSÄ. I fokus har även varit att analysera huruvida arbetet som beskrivs i texterna, samt intentionerna som framkommer, bär prägel av empowerment, det vill säga bidrar till en process där personerna blir stärkta och får ökad egenmakt i sina liv. Empowermentteorin har således utgjort ett analysverktyg i studien. Studiens resultat visar att texterna uttrycker intentioner om hjälp på lång sikt. Dessa intentioner anser vi bär prägel av empowerment. Intentioner framkommer även om att skydd och stöd bör vara villkorslöst och baserat på mänskliga rättigheter. Det stöd och skydd som beskrivs i texterna innefattar både akut och långsiktig hjälp. Dock har inte alla offer för MSÄ tillgång till samma skydd och stöd då detta villkoras beroende på vilken sorts uppehållstillstånd personen har. Medverkan i en rättsprocess är ett villkor för tidsbegränsat uppehållstillstånd i Sverige. Av denna anledning kan det diskuteras huruvida skydd och stöd ges främst för att möta MSÄ-offers behov eller i ett brottsbekämpande syfte.
The purpose of this study has been to investigate the support and protection the Swedish government can offer victims of human trafficking for sexual purposes (HTSP). This has been accomplished through a textual analysis of selected governmental documents, which describe support and protection for victims of HTSP. A focal point of this study has been to analyse whether the procedures described in the documents, and also the intentions therein, bears resemblance to the empowerment-theory. This includes whether it adds to a process where the persons are empowered and receives more control over their own lives. The result of the study shows that the texts express intentions of long-term support. We view these intentions as bearing resemblance to the empowerment-theory. Also, the texts show intentions of offering support and protection unconditionally and based upon human rights. The support and protection described in the texts envelop both emergent and long-term support. All victims of HTSP, though, do not have access to the same support and protection since this is based on what sort of visa the person holds. It is demanded to be part of a court-process to receive a short-term visa in Sweden. Because of this, it might be discussed whether support and protection is given first and foremost to meet the needs of victims of HTSP, or with the goal of fighting crime.

La présente étude porte sur l'encadrement juridique et pas sur la mise en oeuvre, car nous souhaitons nous interroger sur l'existence d'une volonté des Etats de combattre à travers du droit positif le phénomène. Dans l'ensemble on constate qu'il existe un lien indissociable entre la prévention et la répression de la traite et la protection des droits fondamentaux des victimes. L'histoire du droit international relatif à la traite remonte à 1904, la date d'adoption du premier instrument juridique international sur la question. En 1926 a été élaboré la première Convention relative à l'esclavage. Suite à l'ampleur du phénomène, la Convention relative à la répression de la traite des êtres humains et à l'exploitation de la prostitution d'autrui de 1949 et la Convention supplémentaire relative à l'abolition de l'esclavage, de la traite des esclaves et des institutions et pratiques analogues à l'esclavage de 1956 ont été adoptées. Ces conventions, ne prenaient pas en compte tous les aspects du problème, étaient antérieures à la plupart des pratiques modernes relatives au trafic de personnes, et ne disposaient pas d'organe de contrôle au niveau international. Le Protocole additionnel de la Convention des Nations Unies contre la criminalité transnationale organisée visant à prévenir, réprimer et punir la traite des personnes, et en particulier des femmes et des enfants donne pour la première fois une définition conventionnelle la plus élaborée du phénomène. De son côté le Statut de Rome de la Cour pénale internationale institue un nouvel organe international pour la traite en citant la réduction en esclavage au nombre des crimes considérés comme étant des crimes contre l'humanité. A coté des conventions universelles plusieurs organisations internationales et régionales se penchent sur le phénomène. La Convention du Conseil de l'Europe sur la lutte contre la traite des êtres humains est l'instrument du Conseil la plus susceptible de contribuer de manière efficace à la lutte contre la traite des êtres humains. L'Union européenne a adoptés plusieurs résolutions spécifiques concernant la traite, au niveau du continent Américain, l'Organisation des États Américains a adopté plusieurs instruments concernant la traite, à l'échelle du continent africain, il y a des initiatives importantes qui se préoccupent directement du problème. Au niveau étatique les États membres disposent dans l'ensemble de dispositions pénales spécifiques permettant d'incriminer la traite en introduisant des sanctions effectives et dissuasives. En établissant des dispositions dans les différents codes, la Turquie prévoit une efficace répression en répriment toutes les formes de la traite. De son coté l'Ukraine pays d'origine de la traite doit non seulement sanctionner sévèrement les trafiquants, mais en même temps doit se conformer aux normes et exigences internationales. Avec le développement du phénomène une protection aux victimes est assurée, non seulement à travers les conventions à vocation universelle, mais aussi à travers diverses institutions régionales. Avec le Protocole de Palerme la communauté internationale a mis en place un cadre juridique international visant assurer une meilleure protection. De son côté dans le Statut de Rome de la Cour pénale internationale la protection et l'assistance proposées aux victimes sont applicables à toutes victimes de crime. Tandis que les deux conventions de Conseil de l'Europe, la Convention des droits de l'homme et la Convention sur la traite des êtres humains protègent efficacement les victimes, et les instruments adoptés au niveau de l'Union européenne contribuent à l'harmonisation des politiques de protection, les engagements pris par l'OSCE ne prévoient pas de dispositions contraignantes, de la manque de mécanisme de contrôle.

La législation belge est reconnue comme l'une des meilleures en Europe. Elle est pourtant perfectible, surtout dans un souci d'aide aux victimes. Afin de renforcer la lutte contre la traite des êtres humains en Belgique, l'étude de la législation nationale sera éclairée de normes internationales, française, luxembourgeoise et suisse. L'introduction de la thèse, disponible ci-après, donne, entre autres, l'objet de l'étude et son postulat de départ. Nous y renvoyons le lecteur.
Doctorat en Sciences juridiques
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Human trafficking is a phenomenon often likened to slave trade which has had an adverse impact on victims for centuries. The trade in humans has demoralised society as it transcends boundaries, the callousness of the act cloaked in well-meaning deceit, unknown to those that fall prey to traffickers till it is too late. The victims that are rescued or are able to escape in South Africa and Nigeria have not been accorded the necessary protection and assistance required, most being unaware of the treatment they should be receiving. This research assesses the Prevention and Combating of Trafficking in Persons Act (Trafficking Act) by juxtaposing the rehabilitative and after care provision that existed prior to the Trafficking Act coming into force and further examines the interventions that the Trafficking Act aims to put in place. The contradiction in the provisions of the Trafficking Act and its Regulations call into question the feasibility in the implementation of the legislation. A human rights approach is taken into account as necessitated by the Guidelines and Principles that are in concert with the Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children, supplementing the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organised Crime. Despite the South African Constitution being progressive legislation as it underpins equality and non-discrimination as its bedrock, human trafficking is rife. Human trafficking is a multifaceted problem that requires cooperation from various sectors.
Mini Dissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2016.
tm2016
Centre for Human Rights
LLM
Unrestricted

碩士
國立中正大學
戰略暨國際事務研究所
101
Human trafficking possesses the characteristics of trans-regional and organized. The windfall profit is rather huge, just second to drugs and arms smuggling. It is a negative effect resulted from globalization. Human trafficking damages human rights and human dignity so much that it can be called “modern slavery”. 　　Nowadays, the strategies have been developed by the foreign governments and international organizations confronting trans-regional human trafficking, including prevention, protection, prosecution and partnership. Our government also follows the four steps mentioned above, starting from the initial criminal prevention to proper protection of the victims; enhancing the investigation and prosecution of the victimizers; strengthening the cooperation with non-governmental organizations to upgrade the overall effectiveness of law enforcement. 　　Besides, the process of Taiwan’s combating human trafficking gradually focuses on the protection of victims. After the effort of the recent years, the policy network has reached some scale. The thesis focuses on victim-centered perspective, elaborating through the respects of the victim issues, exploration of stipulations and the development of mechanism, describing the development of the protection policy for the victims of human trafficking in our country. And (3+1)i decision-making model is used to explore the feedback and efficacy of the victim-protection policy.

Dissertação de Mestrado em Ciências Jurídico-Forenses apresentada à Faculdade de Direito
O Tráfico de Pessoas não é um tema novo nos tempos que correm. Certamente todos nós já ouvimos falar do crime de tráfico de pessoas e na gravidade que está intrínseco ao mesmo. As organizações criminosas internacionais que se dedicam a esta atividade, o tráfico de pessoas, estão a crescer cada vez mais, pois parece que na prática não existe um travão suficientemente forte que as impossibilite de prosseguir em frente com os seus objetivos e fins. O Tráfico de Pessoas arrasta pessoas de todas as faixas etárias, com as mais diversificadas características. No âmbito desta dissertação procurei debruçar-me no que tem sido criado e desenvolvido no ordenamento jurídico português para a melhor proteção das vítimas do tráfico de pessoas, tendo sempre como base e exemplo instrumentos jurídicos internacionais, mas também ordenamentos jurídicos de outros Estados. Deste modo, analisei diversos mecanismos, presentes em diplomas nacionais e internacionais que à partida permitem assegurar uma efetiva proteção da vítima, antes, no decorrer e após o processo penal, oferecendo-lhe a devida assistência e apoio, contribuindo para a efetivação dos seus direitos, promovendo a cooperação da vítima do tráfico com as autoridades competentes, e consequentemente na reintegração da vítima na sociedade. A Justiça Criminal demonstra-se necessária na punição do agente e na reposição da validade da norma. Mas de que modo auxilia a vítima deste crime? Terá a Justiça Restaurativa respostas mais eficazes e protetivas a oferecer à vítima? Conclui-se que há ainda uma enorme controvérsia à volta do tema da impunidade das vítimas, quando estas praticam ilícitos criminais ligados à situação de tráfico que vivenciam, existindo uma carência de respostas mais coesas que não comprometam a proteção das vítimas. Para além disto, conclui-se que terá de existir um maior empenho deforma a efetivar os direitos das vítimas, como por exemplo o direito à indemnização.
Human trafficking is not a new issue in our times. Certainly, we have all heard of the crime of human trafficking and the seriousness that is intrinsic to it. As international criminal organizations engaged in this activity, human trafficking is growing more and more, as it seems that in practice there is not a sufficiently strong brake that prevents it from moving forward with its goals and objectives. Human trafficking drags along people of all age groups, with the most diverse characteristics. In the scope of this dissertation I focused on what has been created and developed in the Portuguese legal system for the better response to the human trafficking victim’s protection, always having as a basis and example international legal instruments, but also legal orders of other states. In this way, I analyzed several instruments, present in national and international diplomas which at start ensure effective protection of the victim, before, during and after the criminal process, offering assistance and support, contributing to the effectiveness of rights, promoting victim’s cooperation with the authorities, and consequently in there integration of the victim into society. The Criminal Justice proves to be necessary in the agent’s punishment and in legal rule validity restoring. But in what way does it help the victim of this crime? Will Restorative Justice have more effective and protective responses to offer the victim? It is concluded that there is still a huge controversy around the issue of victims'impunity, when they practice criminal offenses linked to the human trafficking situation they experience, and there is a lack of more cohesive responses that do not compromise the protection of the victims. In addition to this, it is concluded that there must be a greater commitment in order to realize the rights of victims, such as the right to compensation.

Organized crime - Trafficking in human beings This thesis deals with the criminal offence of trafficking in human beings under Sec. 168 of the Czech Criminal Code. A trafficking in human being is not a frequent criminal offence but with its consequences belongs to the most dangerous crimes. After the Velvet revolution the relevance of this crime has raised subsequently and therefore the regulation of this crime requires particular attention. It is important to find new ways and improve current methods to be readier to detect and investigate the cases of trafficking in human beings. The aim of this thesis is to provide an analysis of legal regulation of trafficking in human beings, organized crimed and methods of investigation and some related issues such as problematic of the protection of the witness. This thesis consists of three chapters. The first one deals shortly with the organized crime. It analyzes the term of the organized crime, because trafficking in human beings is usually committed by organized groups. I try to explain some basic terms related to this topic. The second one deals with the legal regulation of trafficking in human beings. The history, present and future of the legal regulation in the Czech Republic and in the other countries are described in this chapter. Then it is...