Relevant bibliographies by topics / Human tongue

Academic literature on the topic 'Human tongue'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Human tongue"

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Rodriguez, Selena, Ruri Galvan, and Deepak Ganta. "Modelling and simulation of soft robotic human tongue with improved motion." Engineering Research Express 3, no. 4 (November 22, 2021): 045027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2631-8695/ac396f.

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Abstract There is a huge demand for electronic tongues in the food and pharmaceutical industries for chemical detection and flavor analysis. The lack of availability of robots with electronic tongues has motivated us to investigate, design, and simulate a human tongue’s complex motions. Human anatomy was studied in detail to modify the standard design of the human tongue, with the addition of 32 embedded chambers at strategic locations, to replicate various 3D motions (rolling, groove, twist, and elongation) of the human tongue necessary for improving the biochemical sensing capabilities. The FEM (Finite element method) simulations showed the relation between pressure and deformation range for various kinds of motions in a human tongue, including the mechanical properties from the stress versus strain response.
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Jones, Nigel, Judith Kearins, and John Watson. "The Human Tongue Show and Observers' Willingness to Interact: Replication and Extensions." Psychological Reports 60, no. 3 (June 1987): 759–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1987.60.3.759.

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Tongue showing and observers' willingness to interrupt was investigated in the laboratory with 48 male and 48 female subjects and 5 male and 5 female confederates. Subjects needed to interrupt confederates whose tongues showed while they were concentrating on a task or who concentrated without a tongue show, or who held a neutral facial expression while engaged on a task. Significant latencies to interruption occurred with the tongue-show condition, a result consistent with 1982 work of Dolgin and Sabini. No significant effects for sex were found. In a field study, subjects approached one of two confederates who were selling plants; both confederates were reading but one was tongue-showing as well. Confederates, whether man or woman without a tongue show, were approached significantly more often by prospective buyers. Tongue-showing appears to act as a deterrent to social interaction; its possible role in the social acceptability of Down Syndrome children is discussed.
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Senan, Manesh, and Varun Menon P. "Pentafid tongue: A new entity." Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery 48, no. 03 (September 2015): 301–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0970-0358.173130.

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ABSTRACTTongue plays a pivotal role in both physiological and functional life of human beings. Structural and developmental abnormalities of the tongue in various forms have been reported in isolation or in combination with various syndromes. Though cases of bifid tongues have been mentioned in literature, no reports of pentafid tongue have been reported till date. Here we describe a unique case of congenital pentafid tongue along with bilateral polydactyly and its surgical management.
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Titova, Tanya, and Veselin Nachev. ""Electronic tongue" in the Food Industry." Food Science and Applied Biotechnology 3, no. 1 (March 19, 2020): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.30721/fsab2020.v3.i1.74.

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“Electronic tongue” (e-tongue) is instrumental system are designed to crudely mimic human taste sensory organs and are composed of an array of sensors. Complex data sets from „e- tongue“ signals combined with multivariate statistics represent rapid and efficient tools for classification, recognition and identification of samples, also for the prediction of concentrations of different compounds. A wide variety of sensors can be employed into the design of these instrumental systems, especially that of „e-tongues“, offering numerous practical applications. In this study are review, characteristics of sensors and possibilities „e-tongue“ applications in the food industry.Practical applications: The “e-tongue” can be used in various applications, including on quality control in the food industry and pharmacy.
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Yeom, Jeonghee, Ayoung Choe, Seongdong Lim, Youngsu Lee, Sangyun Na, and Hyunhyub Ko. "Soft and ion-conducting hydrogel artificial tongue for astringency perception." Science Advances 6, no. 23 (June 2020): eaba5785. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aba5785.

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Artificial tongues have been receiving increasing attention for the perception of five basic tastes. However, it is still challenging to fully mimic human tongue–like performance for tastes such as astringency. Mimicking the mechanism of astringency perception on the human tongue, we use a saliva-like chemiresistive ionic hydrogel anchored to a flexible substrate as a soft artificial tongue. When exposed to astringent compounds, hydrophobic aggregates form inside the microporous network and transform it into a micro/nanoporous structure with enhanced ionic conductivity. This unique human tongue–like performance enables tannic acid to be detected over a wide range (0.0005 to 1 wt %) with high sensitivity (0.292 wt %−1) and fast response time (~10 s). As a proof of concept, our sensor can detect the degree of astringency in beverages and fruits using a simple wipe-and-detection method, making a powerful platform for future applications involving humanoid robots and taste monitoring devices.
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Sanders, Ira, Liancai Mu, Asif Amirali, Hungxi Su, and Stanislaw Sobotka. "The Human Tongue Slows Down to Speak: Muscle Fibers of the Human Tongue." Anatomical Record 296, no. 10 (August 9, 2013): 1615–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.22755.

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Iskander, Andrew, and Ira Sanders. "Morphological Comparison between Neonatal and Adult Human Tongues." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 112, no. 9 (September 2003): 768–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000348940311200905.

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There are currently no descriptions of neonatal tongue anatomy. Therefore, there have been no reports on the morphological differences between it and the adult tongue that would suggest its suitability for suckling. Serial coronal sections of a neonatal tongue were used to create a 3-dimensional model that was compared to that of the adult tongue. Compared to the adult human tongue, the neonatal tongue was found to contain 1) considerably less fat and soft tissue; 2) a thinner mucosa; 3) relatively enlarged extrinsic musculature; 4) a less-developed superior longitudinal muscle, resulting in a flat dorsal surface; and 5) attachments between the extrinsic muscles and the transverse muscle group that have not been identified in the adult tongue. The particular structure of the neonatal tongue suggests how the neonatal tongue is specialized for suckling.
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Delong, Liu, Liu Qingfeng, and Qin Wenfei. "R462 – Anatomic Characteristics of Tongue Coblation." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 139, no. 2_suppl (August 2008): P199—P200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.otohns.2008.05.622.

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Problem We investigated the topographic anatomic characteristics of the human tongue in order to determine the safest location for Coblation® (ArthroCare Corp., Sunnyvale, CA) tongue treatment in patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) and to provide detailed anatomic data to facilitate the surgery. Methods We dissected 16 lateral tongues from human cadavers and studied the distribution of the hypoglossal nerve and lingual artery and their respective distances. The ratios of those distances to the length and width of the tongue were calculated to establish the safest locations for Coblation tongue treatment. Results The vertical distance from the hypoglossal nerve and lingual artery to the surface of the tongue was invariant near the foramen caecum. The ratio of the horizontal distance from the hypoglossal nerve and lingual artery to the midline of the tongue to its length and the vertical distance to the surface at the foramen caecum and at 10 mm and 25 mm from the apex was obtained. Analysis of the data using ANOVA (analysis of variance) revealed statistically significant differences (p<0.05). Conclusion Low-temperature radiofrequency tongue treatment (Coblation) offers a safe and effective treatment for patients with retroglossal OSAHS. Recognizing the topographic anatomic characteristics of the tongue and applying the concepts of ratio and individualization, in which consideration is given to each patient's unique anatomy, promotes greater safety and optimal patient outcomes. Significance The data could extend the area of surgery in tongue from before or after caecum to the whole tongue. It could facilitate the coblation tongue treatment which is different from those surgeries in the base of tongue. And coblation tongue channeling (CTC) is very useful to treat hypertrophic tongue in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). We have performed many CTC on the patients with OSAS and give the relative area by proportional view in the tongue based on the data.
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Nesmith, Alexander P., Matthew A. Wagner, Francesco S. Pasqualini, Blakely B. O’Connor, Mark J. Pincus, Paul R. August, and Kevin Kit Parker. "A human in vitro model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy muscle formation and contractility." Journal of Cell Biology 215, no. 1 (October 3, 2016): 47–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201603111.

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Tongue weakness, like all weakness in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), occurs as a result of contraction-induced muscle damage and deficient muscular repair. Although membrane fragility is known to potentiate injury in DMD, whether muscle stem cells are implicated in deficient muscular repair remains unclear. We hypothesized that DMD myoblasts are less sensitive to cues in the extracellular matrix designed to potentiate structure–function relationships of healthy muscle. To test this hypothesis, we drew inspiration from the tongue and engineered contractile human muscle tissues on thin films. On this platform, DMD myoblasts formed fewer and smaller myotubes and exhibited impaired polarization of the cell nucleus and contractile cytoskeleton when compared with healthy cells. These structural aberrations were reflected in their functional behavior, as engineered tongues from DMD myoblasts failed to achieve the same contractile strength as healthy tongue structures. These data suggest that dystrophic muscle may fail to organize with respect to extracellular cues necessary to potentiate adaptive growth and remodeling.
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Kohyama, Kaoru, Sayaka Ishihara, Makoto Nakauma, and Takahiro Funami. "Compression Test of Soft Food Gels Using a Soft Machine with an Artificial Tongue." Foods 8, no. 6 (May 29, 2019): 182. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods8060182.

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Care food is increasingly required in the advanced-aged society. Mechanical properties of such foods must be modified such that the foods are easily broken by the tongue without chewing. When foods are compressed between the tongue and the hard palate, the tongue deforms considerably, and only soft foods are broken. To simulate tongue compression of soft foods, artificial tongues with stiffness similar to that of the human tongue were created using clear soft materials. Model soft gels were prepared using gellan gums. A piece of gel on an artificial tongue was compressed using a texture analyzer. The deformation profile during the compression test was obtained using a video capture system. The soft machine equipped a soft artificial tongue sometimes fractured food gels unlike hard machine, which always fracture gels. The fracture properties measured using the soft machine were better than those obtained from a conventional test between hard plates to mimic natural oral processing in humans. The fracture force on foods measured using this soft machine may prove useful for the evaluation of food texture that can be mashed using the tongue.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Human tongue"

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Napadow, Vitaly J. 1971. "Intramural mechanics in the human tongue." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/9595.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 1998.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 77-80).
Contraction of the tongue musculature during physiological motions (anterior protrusion, sagittal bending, swallowing) is associated with characteristic patterns of tissue deformation. Coupling knowledge of this tissue deformation with the underlying myoarchitecture offers the ability to explore complex structure-function relationships in the organ. In order to quantify strain in the human tongue, a non-invasive MRI tagging technique was used in combination with a fast asymmetric gradient echo imaging pulse sequence (TurboFLASH). This MRI technique discretize tissue into non-linear deforming elements. Individual elements were defined by selectively supersaturating bands of magnetic spins in resting tongue tissue along the antero-posterior and superior­inferior directions of the mid-sagittal plane, resulting in a rectilinear square grid. Axial and shear strains relative to the rest condition were determined for each element and represented by two-dimensional surface strain maps. Tongue myoarchitecture was studied with diffusion-tensor MRI. A slice select pulsed gradient stimulated echo pulse sequence was applied to derive the spatial diffusion tensor field in the tongue. Tensor eigenvectors and measures of anisotropy were used to derive a virtual anatomical atlas of the bovine tongue. During forward protrusion, the anterior tongue underwent positive antero-posterior strain ( elongation) and symmetrical negative medial-lateral and superior­inferior strain ( contraction). During sagittal bending directed to the hard palate, the tongue exhibited positive asymmetrical antero-posterior strain that increased radially as a function of distance from the center of curvature, with commensurate negative strain in the medial-lateral direction. Similarly, the magnitude of anterior-posterior strain during left-directed tongue bending was proportional to distance from the curved inner surface. The oral stage of the swallow was subdivided into an early accommodative phase, a late accommodative phase and a propulsive phase. For bolus accommodation, strain findings were consistent with contraction of the anteriorly located intrinsic muscles and the posteriorly located genioglossus and hyoglossus muscles. For bolus propulsion, strain findings were consistent with posterior passive stretch in the midline due to contractions of the laterally inserted styloglossus muscle, as well as contraction of posteriorly located intrinsic muscles. In conclusion, regulation of tongue deformation was related to regional activation of intrinsic and/or extrinsic lingual musculature, which was appreciated with 3D diffusion tensor visualization.
by Vitaly J. Napadow.
S.M.
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Kajee, Yaseen. "The biomechanics of the human tongue." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/5525.

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Includes bibliographical references (p. 137-148).
The human tongue is composed mainly of skeletal-muscle tissue, and has a complex architecture. Its anatomy is characterised by interweaving, yet distinct muscle groups. It is a significant contributor to the phenomenon of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA). OSA is a pathological condition defined as the partial or complete closing of any part of the human upper airway (HUA) during sleep. OSA syndrome affects a significant portion of the population. Patients with OSA syndrome experience various respiratory problems, an increase in the risk of heart disease, a significant decrease in productivity, and an increase in motor-vehicle accidents [58]. The aim of this work is to report on a constitutive model for the human tongue, and to demonstrate its use in computational simulations for OSA. A realistic model of the constitution of the tongue and computational simulations are also important in areas such as linguistics and speech therapy [44]. The detailed anatomical features of the tongue have been captured using data from the Visible Human Project (VHP) [102]. The geometry of the tongue, and each muscle group of the tongue, are visually identified, and its geometry captured using Mimics [100]. Various image processing tools available in Mimics, such as image segmentation, region-growing and volume generation were used to form the three-dimensional model of the tongue geometry. Muscle fibre orientations were extracted from the same dataset, also using Mimics.The muscle model presented here is based on Hill’s three-element model for representation of the constituent parts of muscle fibres. This Hill-type muscle model also draws from recent work in muscle modelling, by Martins [88]. The model is implemented in an Abaqus user element (UEL) subroutine [24]. The transversely isotropic behaviour of the muscle tissue is accounted for, as well as the influence of muscle activation. The mechanics of the model is limited to static, small-strain, anisotropic, linear-elastic behaviour, and the governing equations are suitably linearized. The body position of the patient during an apneic episode is accounted for in the simulations, as well as the effect of gravity. The focus of this study is on tongue muscle behaviour under gravitational loading, simulating a simplified OSA event. Future models will incorporate airway pressure as well. The behaviour of the model is illustrated in a number of benchmark tests, and computational examples.
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Huo, Xueliang. "Tongue drive: a wireless tongue-operated assistive technology for people with severe disabilities." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/45887.

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The main objective of the presented research is to design, fabricate, fully characterize, and assess the usability and functionality of a novel wireless tongue-operated assistive technology, called Tongue Drive System (TDS), that allows individuals with severe physical disabilities (such as quadriplegics) to effectively access computers, drive powered wheelchairs, and control environments using their voluntary tongue motion. The system can wirelessly detect users' tongue movements using an array of magnetic sensors, and a magnetic tracer secured on the tongue, and translate them into a set of user-defined commands in real time, which can then be used to communicate with target devices in users' environment. The principal advantage of the TDS is that a combination of magnetic sensors and a small permanent magnet can capture a large number of tongue movements, each of which can represent one specific command. A set of dedicated tongue movements can be configured as specific commands for each individual user based on his/her preferences, lifestyle, and remaining abilities. As a result, this technology can benefit a wide range of potential users with different types of disabilities. The work carried out in this dissertation is largely split into three portions: (1) Development, fabrication and characterization of external TDS (eTDS) prototypes to verify the concept of TDS that is detecting and extracting user's intention through their voluntary tongue motion, utilizing a combination of magnetic sensors and a small magnet, as well as the application of this idea in the context of assistive technology. This part of the work is presented in Chapters IV, V and VI. (2) Assessment of the TDS performance in medium term usage for both computer access and wheelchair control. The main purpose of this work was to gain valuable insight into the TDS learning process and its current limiting factors, which could lead the way in designing new generations of TDS with improved usability. This portion of the work is described in Chapter VII. (3) Development and performance assessment of a multimodal TDS (mTDS), that operates based on the information collected from two independent input channels: the tongue motion and speech. This multimodal system expands the access beyond one input channel and therefore improves the speed of access by increasing the information transfer bandwidth between users and computers. This part of the work is presented in Chapters VIII and IX. This dissertation has contributed to the innovation and advancement of the start-of-the-art assistive technology research by exploring, realizing and validating the use of tongue motion as a voluntary motor output to substitute some of the lost arm and hand functions in people with severe disabilities for computer access, wheelchair navigation, and environmental control.
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Loizou, Christos. "Human papillomavirus in recurrent respiratory papillomatosis, tonsillar and mobile tongue cancer." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Öron- näs- och halssjukdomar, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-124792.

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This thesis focuses on the effects of the human papillomavirus (HPV) in tonsillar cancer, mobile tongue cancer, and recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP). The purpose was to characterize patients with RRP in northern Sweden in order to identify more care-intensive RRP patients and to describe the voice and quality of life aspects that follow RRP. Further aims were to confirm the expected increase of HPV-positive tonsillar cancer cases in northern Sweden, and to study the correlation between HPV, its surrogate marker p16 and HPV receptor syndecan-1 in both tonsillar cancer and mobile tongue cancer. A total of 27 consecutive patients with RRP were evaluated at 3 months postoperatively using the voice handicap index (VHI) and SF-36 questionnaires to assess the impact on life and voice in a RRP population. The values were compared to normative data. This report was further extended by examining consecutive data from 21 new patients in order to characterize RRP patients in northern Sweden. In order to study HPV DNA in tonsillar (n= 65) and mobile tongue cancer (n=109), HPV DNA was extracted from paraffin-embedded biopsies and detected by polymerase chain reaction using general primers Gp5+/6+ and CpI/IIG. Expression of HPV surrogate marker p16 and the HPV receptor syndecan-1 was analysed by immunohistochemistry. Patients that underwent more than one RRP surgery per year were younger than those treated less frequently and they had significantly impaired voice quality as compared to normal subjects. Females, patients with frequent surgical treatment sessions, and patients with the high-risk HPV subtypes scored significantly lower in several domains of the quality of life assessment as compared with normal subjects. Forty-eight RRP patients had a median age of 44.5 years; 71% were men and 29% females, preferentially infected with HPV6. Patients with high surgical treatment frequency/year showed more widespread RRP in the larynx compared to the patients treated less frequently. A total of 214 tonsillar cancer cases were identified. The vast majority were men. They had a median age of 58 years at diagnosis and expressed HPV as well as p16. The incidence of tonsillar cancer revealed a 2,7-fold increase in men between the years 1990 and 2013. The study demonstrates a strong association between p16 and HPV infection in tonsillar malignancies. These findings are in contrast to the mobile tongue cancer cases, where no evidence of HPV DNA could be detected although one-third showed p16 staining. This demonstrated a poor correlation between HPV and p16 in mobile tongue cancer. There was no difference in the expression of the primary HPV receptor, syndecan-1, between tonsillar and mobile tongue cancer. In conclusion, the frequency of RRP operations, age at onset, gender and subtype of the HPV may be used as factors to predict voice disability. RRP patients with high surgical treatment frequency were significantly younger and had a more widespread laryngeal disease compared to the low-frequency treated group. This study confirms the existence of a clinical RRP group, not primarily related to HPV subtype, but to a more care-intensive RRP population. Our findings identify a 2,7-fold increase in the incidence of tonsillar cancer, HPV and p16 in men between 1990-2013. We can use p16 to detect HPV in tonsillar cancer but not in tongue cancer. The introduction of vaccination against HPV may have a role in the prevention of specific HPV-subtype positive head and neck malignancies and recurrent respiratory papillomatosis since the current vaccine protects against HPV6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52 and 58. Males will definitely benefit indirectly from vaccination of females, though males will still remain at risk of cancers associated with HPV. This highlights the need for sex-neutral vaccination strategy. Our intention is that this thesis will provide scientific data to support a gender-neutral vaccination and to develop simple tools to detect HPV in tonsillar cancer.
Syftet med avhandlingen är att beskriva effekterna av humant papillomvirus (HPV) vid cancer i halsmandlarna, cancer i tungan och vid luftvägspapillom. Totalt 27 patienter med luftvägspapillom (RRP) under åren 2004-2012 utvärderades 3 månader efter operationen med röst handikapp index (VHI) och livskvalitetformuläret SF-36. Resultaten jämfördes med normal data. Studiematerialet utökades med 21 patienter till totalt 48 RRP patienter i syfte att karakterisera patientgruppen i norra Sverige. För att studera HPV-DNA i tonsillcancer (n = 65) och i cancer i mobil del av tungan (n = 109) extraherades HPV-DNA från paraffininbäddade provbitar som sedan analyserades med PCR teknik och GP5 + / 6 + och CPI/IIG primer. Uttryck av surrogatmarkör p16 och HPV-receptorn syndekan -1 analyserades med immunhistokemi. RRP patienter hade en medianålder på 44,5 år; 71% var män och 29% kvinnor, företrädesvis infekterade med HPV6. Patienter som opererades mer än en gång per år var yngre än de som behandlats mindre ofta och hade en statistiskt sämre röstkvalitet än friska kontroller. Kvinnor, patienter med täta kirurgiska behandlingsintervall och högrisk-HPV hade signifikant sämre livskvalitet jämfört med friska kontroller. Patienter med hög kirurgisk behandlingsfrekvens per år var signifikant yngre och hade mer utbredd RRP sjukdom i luftstrupen, jämfört med gruppen med låg behandlingsfrekvens. Sammanlagt, 214 fall av halsmandelscancer identifierades i norra Sverige under åren 1990-2013; majoriteten var män, med en medianålder på 58 år och positiva för både HPV och p16. Andelen halsmandelscancer fall ökade med 2,7 gånger bland männen på 23 år. Vi fann ett starkt samband mellan uttryck av p16 och HPV infektion i halsmandelscancer men inte i HPV-negativ, delvis p16-positiv (33%) mobil tungcancer. Det fanns ingen skillnad i uttrycket av den primära HPV-receptorn, syndekan -1, jämförande tung-, och halsmandelscancer. Antalet RRP operationer, ålder vid insjuknandet, kön och genetisk variant av HPV kan användas som indikatorer för att förutsäga grad av röststörning. RRP patienter med hög kirurgisk behandlingsfrekvens var signifikant yngre och hade en mer utbredd luftvägssjukdom jämfört med RRP patienter som behandlas mindre ofta. Vi har identifierat en undergrupp av RRP patienter som inte primärt karakteriseras efter HPV virusets genetik utan av ett mer vårdintensivt förlopp. Den aktuella avhandlingen har identifierat en 2,7-faldig ökning av antalet halsmandelscancer hos män och ett starkt samband mellan p16 och HPV infektion i halsmandlar men inte i HPV-negativ tungcancer som inte korrelerar till p16 uttryck. Vi kan använda p16 för att påvisa HPV i tonsillcancer men inte i cancer i mobil tunga. Idag ingår HPV vaccination i det allmänna vaccinationsprogrammet för flickor. Vi förväntar oss en tydlig profylaktisk effekt avseende insjuknande i HPV-relaterad huvud- och hals cancer samt luftvägspapillom eftersom vaccinet skyddar mot HPV bl.a. 6, 11, 16 och 18. Män kommer definitivt att gynnas indirekt genom vaccination av kvinnor men kommer att ha fortsatt högre risk än kvinnor att insjukna i HPV relaterad cancer vilket understryker behovet av könsneutral vaccination. Vår avsikt med avhandlingen är att ge vetenskapligt stöd för könsneutralt vaccination och enkla metoder att påvisa halsmandelscancer.
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Napadow, Vitaly J. 1971. "A biomechanical investigation of the structure--function relationships in the human tongue." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/8628.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Harvard--Massachusetts Institute of Technology Division of Health Sciences and Technology, 2001.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 147-154).
The human tongue is a versatile, lithe and structurally complex muscular organ that is of paramount importance for many physiological tasks. The lingual musculature is composed of various orthogonally oriented myofiber populations. Furthermore, coupling this knowledge of tissue myoarchitecture with patterns of regional deformation offers the ability to explore complex structure-function relationships in the organ. Tongue myoarchitecture was studied with Diffusion Tensor MRI (DTI), which derived the spatial diffusion tensor field in the tongue. Since, diffusivity relates directly to myofiber orientation, this in vivo technique successfully produced a virtual anatomical atlas. In order to relate this 3D myoarchitecture to physiological deformations, in vivo strain was quantified by an MRI tagging technique. This technique tagged lingual tissue with a rectilinear grid, which was subsequently imaged to track and quantify deformation through 3D strain measures. Anterior protrusion, sagittal bending, and oral stage deglutition were studied with this technique. The results demonstrated that synergistic co-contraction between various muscle populations produced the necessary deformations in global tongue shape. In order to delineate specific muscular contributions to sagittal bending, the tongue was modeled by a thermal bimetal strip analog wherein thermal contraction approximated muscle fiber activation.
(cont.) The results confirmed our hypothesis that sagittal bending resulted from synergistic co-contraction of two distinct myofiber populations. In conclusion, tongue deformation is intimately related to the lingual musculature, and our results confirm the characterization of the tongue as a muscular hydrostat - an organ whose musculature produces deformation as well as the structural support for that deformation.
by Vitaly J. Napadow.
Ph.D.
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Easton, S. "Functional and metagenomic analysis of the human tongue dorsum using phage display." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2009. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/18512/.

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It is well established that mixed microbial communities contain organisms which have not been studied by conventional culture-based methods. In the human oral cavity this number is estimated at around 50%. Commensal bacteria develop and maintain an intimate relationship with human cells without triggering proinflammatory mechanisms and this study aims to explore this by searching for bacterial proteins which facilitate binding to the human tongue dorsum and wider oral cavity. Metagenomic DNA from the human tongue dorsum of 9 volunteers was extracted and a phage display library created, to our knowledge the first to incorporate metagenomic DNA. Phage display is an elegant molecular technique involving fusion of fragmented DNA to a phagemid coat protein, such that inserted DNA is encoded by the phage and displayed on the phage surface. The affinity selection technique panning, then exploited the natural affinity and specificity of the fusion proteins to identify bacterial binding proteins using, in this case, three ligands: IgA, Fibronectin and BSA. IgA is of special interest to this group as it interacts with bacterial proteins and is poised to respond to bacterial numbers in human secretions such as saliva. Proteins from panning were analysed in silico, however, the majority were discarded due to the presence of stop codons in the protein sequences. Remaining phagemid displaying fusion proteins of interest were assessed for function and binding assays carried out to confirm binding specificity. Due to the biased nature of phage display library production, a 16S rRNA gene analysis was also carried out in order to assess metagenomic DNA diversity prior to library construction. Because phage display was used successfully by colleagues with the genomes of single organisms, it was believed that including metagenomic DNA in a phage display library would cast a wide net over the tongue dorsum allowing capture of many more binding proteins occurring in this environment from a wide range of bacteria.
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Wu, Chao-Min. "Computational Methods for Integrating Different Anatomical Data Sets of The Human Tongue /." The Ohio State University, 1996. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu148793324553722.

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Darmont, Araya Francis Mosheh. "Investigating the Design and Manufacture of PneuNet Actuators as a Prosthetic Tongue for Mimicking Human Deglutition." Digital WPI, 2019. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-theses/1300.

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The number of Total Glossectomy cases in the United States is seeing an increasing trend as per the Nationwide Inpatient Sample Database. Patients, who have undergone such aggressive surgical procedures, have extensive limitations performing basic oral functions such as swallowing (deglutition), eating and speaking. Current rehabilitation prostheses do little in restoring the functionality of the original tongue. This is true especially in deglutition, which is necessary to transfer a bolus to the esophagus. Such patients need advanced prosthetic devices and through this research, investigations into potential solutions for prosthetic tongues to aid in deglutition were carried out. The process began with an extensive literature review that provided tongue position, motion, and pressure data during the swallowing stages. Several potential designs were considered such as using linkages and pneumatic networks (PneuNets). Based on a decision matrix, PneuNets were adopted as the foundational basis for generating prosthetic designs. Several prototypes were fabricated using Fused Filament Disposition for mold development and silicone Eco-flex 00-30 for actuator development. Each iteration involved tackling several design and manufacturing challenges especially when scaling these actuators from an initial experiment to an anatomical shape and size of a human tongue. A tongue of dimensions 1.8 inches wide, 2.4 inches long and 0.24 inches thick was developed. The PneuNet actuator was powered by a pneumatic system and kinematic data was collected using a tracking software. The data gathered provided validation comparisons between position trends exhibited in the literature. Theoretical deflection models were generated for analyzing the deflection of the front, middle and back sections of the tongue prototype. Details from literature review, design iterations, simulations, validation processes, research challenges and conclusions will be discussed in depth.
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9

Stavness, Ian Kent. "Byte your tongue : a computational model of human mandibular-lingual biomechanics for biomedical applications." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/30306.

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Biomechanical models provide a means to analyze movement and forces in highly complex anatomical systems. Models can be used to explain cause and effect in normal body function as well as in abnormal cases where underlying causes of dysfunction can be clarified. In addition, computer models can be used to simulate surgical changes to bone and muscle structure allowing for prediction of functional and aesthetic outcomes. This dissertation proposes a state-of-the-art model of coupled jaw-tongue-hyoid biomechanics for simulating combined jaw and tongue motor tasks, such as chewing, swallowing, and speaking. Simulation results demonstrate that mechanical coupling of tongue muscles acting on the jaw and jaw muscles acting on the tongue are significant and should be considered in orofacial modeling studies. Towards validation of the model, simulated tongue velocity and tongue-palate pressure are consistent with published measurements. Inverse simulation methods are also discussed along with the implementation of a technique to automatically compute muscle activations for tracking a target kinematic trajectory for coupled skeletal and soft-tissue models. Additional target parameters, such as dynamic constraint forces and stiffness, are included in the inverse formulation to control muscle activation predictions in redundant models. Simulation results for moving and deforming muscular-hydrostat models are consistent with published theoretical proposals. Also, muscle activations predicted for lateral jaw movement are consistent with published literature on jaw physiology. As an illustrative case study, models of segmental jaw surgery with and without reconstruction are developed. The models are used to simulate clinically observed functional deficits in movement and bite force production. The inverse simulation tools are used to predict muscle forces that could theoretically be used by a patient to compensate for functional deficits following jaw surgery. The modeling tools developed and demonstrated in this dissertation provide a foundation for future studies of orofacial function and biomedical applications in oral and maxillofacial surgery and treatment.
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Malenevska, K. "The more languages you know the more human you are." Thesis, Київський національний університет технологій та дизайну, 2018. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/11399.

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Books on the topic "Human tongue"

1

Jenkins, Emily. Tongue first: Adventures in physical culture. New York: Henry Holt and Co., 1998.

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Adam's tongue: How humans made language, how language made humans. New York: Hill and Wang, 2009.

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Passions without a tongue: Dramatisations of the body in Robert Browning's poetry. New York: Peter Lang, 2004.

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Silverman, Buffy. Unusual traits: Tongue rolling, special taste sensors, and more. Minneapolis: Lerner Publications, 2013.

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Radick, Gregory. The simian tongue: The long debate about animal language. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2007.

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Ruhlen, Merritt. The origin of language: Tracing the evolution of the mother tongue. New York: Wiley, 1994.

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Davis, Joel. Mother tongue: How humans create language. Secaucus, N.J: Carol Pub. Group, 1994.

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Joel, Davis. Mother tongue: How humans create language. Secaucus, N.J: Carol Pub. Group, 1994.

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Taplin, Kim. Tongues in trees. Devon: Green Books, 1989.

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Yong, Amos, author of introduction, etc, ed. Tongues and trees: Towards a Pentecostal ecological theology. Blandford Forum, Dorset, UK: Deo Publishing, 2013.

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Book chapters on the topic "Human tongue"

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Stavness, Ian, Mohammad Ali Nazari, Cormac Flynn, Pascal Perrier, Yohan Payan, John E. Lloyd, and Sidney Fels. "Coupled Biomechanical Modeling of the Face, Jaw, Skull, Tongue, and Hyoid Bone." In 3D Multiscale Physiological Human, 253–74. London: Springer London, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-6275-9_11.

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Dhouailly, D., and T. T. Sun. "The mammalian tongue filiform papillae: a theoretical model for primitive hairs." In Trends in Human Hair Growth and Alopecia Research, 29–34. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-7873-0_3.

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Payan, Yohan, Georges Bettega, and Bernard Raphaël. "A biomechanical model of the human tongue and its clinical implications." In Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention — MICCAI’98, 688–95. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bfb0056255.

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Hewer, Alexander, Stefanie Wuhrer, Ingmar Steiner, and Korin Richmond. "Tongue Mesh Extraction from 3D MRI Data of the Human Vocal Tract." In Mathematics and Visualization, 345–65. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24726-7_16.

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Shao, Muhan, Aaron Carass, Arnold D. Gomez, Jiachen Zhuo, Xiao Liang, Maureen Stone, and Jerry L. Prince. "Direct Reconstruction of Crossing Muscle Fibers in the Human Tongue Using a Deep Neural Network." In Computational Diffusion MRI, 69–80. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-73018-5_6.

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Gérard, Jean-Michel, Jacques Ohayon, Vincent Luboz, Pascal Perrier, and Yohan Payan. "Indentation for Estimating the Human Tongue Soft Tissues Constitutive Law: Application to a 3D Biomechanical Model." In Medical Simulation, 77–83. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-25968-8_9.

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Shimazu, Hideo, Kaori Kobayashi, Atsushi Hashimoto, and Takaharu Kameoka. "Tasting Robot with an Optical Tongue: Real Time Examining and Advice Giving on Food and Drink." In Human Interface and the Management of Information. Methods, Techniques and Tools in Information Design, 950–57. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-73345-4_107.

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King, W. K. Walter, P. K. Lam, and K. C. Arthur Li. "A model for chemosentivity testing using in vitro MTT assay on a human squamous carcinoma tongue cell line." In Cancer Treatment An Update, 179–84. Paris: Springer Paris, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-2-8178-0765-2_34.

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Petrie, David. "2. (Dis)Integration of Mother Tongue Teachers in Italian Universities: Human Rights Abuses and the Quest for Equal Treatment in the European Single Market." In Native-Speakerism in Japan, edited by Stephanie Ann Houghton and Damian J. Rivers, 29–41. Bristol, Blue Ridge Summit: Multilingual Matters, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21832/9781847698704-006.

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Povilionis, Girėnas. "Observations on Metal Alloy and Types of Tongue and Shallot in Lithuanian Baroque Pipe Organs." In Vox Humana Craftsmanship, 187–220. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-10290-5_7.

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Conference papers on the topic "Human tongue"

1

Goel, Mayank, Chen Zhao, Ruth Vinisha, and Shwetak N. Patel. "Tongue-in-Cheek." In CHI '15: CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2702123.2702591.

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Payan, Yohan. "A 2D Biomechanical Model of the Human Tongue." In ASME 1998 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1998-0306.

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Abstract This study aims to evaluate the impact of anatomical, morphological and biomechanical properties of one of the main articulator, namely the tongue, onto the kinematic properties of speech movements. For this, a 2D biomechanical Finite Element model of the tongue was developed. It integrates four extrinsic muscles and three intrinsic ones. This model is controled according to the Equilibrium Point Hypothesis, proposed by Feldman (1966, 1986). The deformations of the model are computed, in order to simulate Vowel-to-Vowel transitions. The articulatory patterns synthesized with this model are then compared to data collected on a male native speaker of French. Emphasis is put on the potential influence of biomechanical tongue properties on to measurable kinematic features.
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Cheng, Jingyuan, Ayano Okoso, Kai Kunze, Niels Henze, Albrecht Schmidt, Paul Lukowicz, and Koichi Kise. "On the tip of my tongue." In AH '14: 5th Augmented Human International Conference. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2582051.2582063.

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Zhang, Qiao, Shyamnath Gollakota, Ben Taskar, and Raj P. N. Rao. "Non-intrusive tongue machine interface." In CHI '14: CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2556288.2556981.

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Araya, Francis Darmont, and Pradeep Radhakrishnan. "Investigating the Design and Manufacture of PneuNet Actuators As a Prosthetic Tongue for Mimicking Human Deglutition." In ASME 2020 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2020-24220.

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Abstract The number of Total Glossectomy cases in the United States is seeing an increasing trend as per the Nationwide Inpatient Sample Database. Patients, who have undergone such aggressive surgical procedures, have extensive limitations performing basic oral functions such as swallowing (deglutition), eating and speaking. Current rehabilitation prostheses do little in restoring the functionality of the original tongue. This is true especially in deglutition, which is necessary to transfer a bolus to the esophagus. Such patients need advanced prosthetic devices and through this research, investigations into potential solutions for prosthetic tongues to aid in deglutition were carried out. Different designs were considered and based on a decision matrix, PneuNets (pneumatic networks) were adopted as the foundational basis for generating prosthetic tongue designs. Several prototypes were fabricated that used the Fused Filament Deposition process for producing the mold and silicone Eco-flex 00-30 for producing the mechanism. The resulting mechanism was powered using a pneumatic input and kinematic data was collected. Details from literature review, design iterations, simulations, validation processes, manufacturing challenges and conclusions will be discussed in depth in this paper.
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Farrar, Eric, Arvind Balasubramanian, and J. Coleman Eubanks. "Real-time motion capture of the human tongue." In ACM SIGGRAPH 2014 Talks. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2614106.2614176.

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Khan, Masood Mehmood, Hammad I. Sherazi, and Rohan Quain. "Tongue-Supported Human-Computer Interaction systems: A review." In 2014 36th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/embc.2014.6943864.

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Kumagai, Junpei, Makoto Sasaki, Katsuhiro Kamata, and Atsushi Nakayama. "Tongue Training Robot Development for Swallowing Rehabilitation." In 2018 International Symposium on Micro-NanoMechatronics and Human Science (MHS). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mhs.2018.8886917.

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Arguello, Jaime, Adam Ferguson, Emery Fine, Bhaskar Mitra, Hamed Zamani, and Fernando Diaz. "Tip of the Tongue Known-Item Retrieval." In CHIIR '21: ACM SIGIR Conference on Human Information Interaction and Retrieval. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3406522.3446021.

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Sobotka, Miroslaw, and Antoni Grzanka. "Visual data on tongue and lips in phonemes classification." In 2013 6th International Conference on Human System Interactions (HSI). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/hsi.2013.6577837.

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Reports on the topic "Human tongue"

1

Kanner, Joseph, Edwin Frankel, Stella Harel, and Bruce German. Grapes, Wines and By-products as Potential Sources of Antioxidants. United States Department of Agriculture, January 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7568767.bard.

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Several grape varieties and red wines were found to contain large concentration of phenolic compounds which work as antioxidant in-vitro and in-vivo. Wastes from wine production contain antioxidants in large amounts, between 2-6% on dry material basis. Red wines but also white wines were found to prevent lipid peroxidation of turkey muscle tissues stored at 5oC. The antioxidant reaction of flavonoids found in red wines against lipid peroxidation were found to depend on the structure of the molecule. Red wine flavonoids containing an orthodihydroxy structure around the B ring were found highly active against LDL and membrane lipid peroxidation. The antioxidant activity of red wine polyphenols were also found to be dependent on the catalyzer used. In the presence of H2O2-activated myoglobin, the inhibition efficiency was malvidin 3-glucoside>catechin>malvidin>resveratol. However, in the presence of an iron redox cycle catalyzer, the order of effectiveness was resveratol>malvidin 3-glucoside = malvidin>catechin. Differences in protein binding were found to affect antioxidant activity in inhibiting LDL oxidation. A model protein such as BSA, was investigated on the antioxidant activity of phenolic compounds, grape extracts, and red wines in a lecithin-liposome model system. Ferulic acid followed by malvidin and rutin were the most efficient in inhibiting both lipid and protein oxidation. Catechin, a flavonal found in red-wines in relatively high concentration was found to inhibit myoglobin catalyzed linoleate membrane lipid peroxidation at a relatively very low concentration. This effect was studied by the determination of the by-products generated from linoleate during oxidation. The study showed that hydroperoxides are catalytically broken down, not to an alcohol but most probably to a non-radical adduct. The ability of wine-phenolics to reduce iron and from complexes with metals were also demonstrated. Low concentration of wine phenolics were found to inhibit lipoxygenase type II activity. An attempt to understand the bioavailability in humans of antocyanins from red wine showed that two antocyanins from red wine were found unchanged in human urine. Other antocyanins seems to undergo molecular modification. In hypercholesterolemic hamsters, aortic lipid deposition was significantly less in animals fed diets supplemented with either catechin or vitamin E. The rate of LDL accumulation in the carotid arteries was also significantly lower in the catechin and vitamin E animal groups. These results suggested a novel mechanism by which wine phenolics are associated with decreased risk of coronary heart diseases. This study proves in part our hypothesis that the "French Paradox" could be explained by the action of the antioxidant effects of phenolic compounds found at high concentration in red wines. The results of this study argue that it is in the interest of public health to increase the consumption of dietary plant falvonoids. Our results and these from others, show that the consumption of red wine or plant derived polyphenolics can change the antioxidant tone of animal and human plasma and its isolated components towards oxidative reactions. However, we need more research to better understand bioavailability and the mechanism of how polyphenolics affect health and disease.
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