Journal articles: 'Human Stain'

1

Jacobs, Rita D., and Philip Roth. "The Human Stain." World Literature Today 75, no. 1 (2001): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/40156374.

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Lee, K. A. Bunding, Jeanne O'Brien, C. L. Kuesten, John Sramek, Mary H. Luccas, and Bonnie Aldrich. "Comparison of Human Panels, Colorimeter and near Infrared Spectroscopy for the Evaluation of Fabric Stain Removal." Journal of Near Infrared Spectroscopy 2, no. 2 (March 1994): 101–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1255/jnirs.37.

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Near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy was used to analyse fabric stain samples used in a fabric stain prespotter test in which a colorimeter and human panels were used to evaluate the cleaning ability of the prespotters. The purpose of this was to see if the NIR results compared well with the other two techniques and could then be used instead for fabric stain analysis. NIR/visible instruments offer several advantages including determination of coloured and uncoloured components of the stains, ease of comparing the stain before and after cleaning, fast, accurate, reproducible and quantitative analysis, and computer data storage for later comparison. Although the samples were not specifically prepared for this determination, the NIR did give comparable results to the other two techniques for many of the stains analysed.

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Halio, Jay L. "The Human Stain (review)." Shofar: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Jewish Studies 20, no. 1 (2001): 173–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/sho.2001.0067.

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Saeed, Erada A. J. "The Use Of Alternative Stain In Rose Bengal Test Antigen Preparation Which Specific For Brucellosis." Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Medicine 30, no. 2 (December 31, 2006): 56–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.30539/iraqijvm.v30i2.816.

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The Rose Bengal test is one of the famous diagnostic test of Brucellosisspecially as a screening test in order to detect the infection in limited area.Rose Bengal standard stain which producd by specific companies was used inpreparation of the test special antigen , The stain gives the known pink colourfor the antigen during the test that make the agglutination in positive cases morevisible due to the reaction between antigen and the specific antibodies ofBrucella which found in the serum sample of human and different animals.Antigen for the Rose Bengal test in this study is prepared by using alternativestain easily found in local supermarkets using for food colours and notexpensive like standard stain. All standard tests were down for the stain like thecolour ,pH, stability are same for two stains until the date of expire of antigen.The antigen prepared with alternative stain was used in comparative with theantigen prepared with standard stain for testing serum samples of human anddifferent animals, the results deal no significant different statistically betweenthem that means as a result we can prepare antigen more easily and notexpensive.

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Iji, O. T., J. Myburgh, P. M. Mokonoto, and L. J. McGaw. "Evaluating Three Histochemical Stains (Solochrome Azurine Stain (Asa), Walton Stain, and Modified Hematoxylin) used in Tissue Aluminium Detection." Nigerian Veterinary Journal 42, no. 3 (July 10, 2022): 189–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/nvj.v42i3.2.

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Aluminium in recent times has been considered a possible risk factor in some diseases in humans, animals and plants, and exposure to aluminium may pose a health hazard. Studies have pointed to the fact that increasing acidification of the environment has made aluminium more bio-available and therefore, able to cause disturbances in the function of human and animal organisms. More importantly also, is the use of aluminium as based adjuvants in human vaccinations, and its fate being unclear. Our study aimed to evaluate histochemical stains currently used to detect Al in tissue samples for their sensitivity using agar blocks as a preliminary study to validate the Walton histological stain use in detecting aluminium toxicity in fish. Visual estimation (colour change and staining intensity) of aluminium-stained sections using the Solochrome Azurine stain (ASA), Walton stain, and the modified haematoxylin were carried out. All three stains indicated the presence or absence of aluminium through colour changes, but the ASA gave more distinct dose- response intensity in staining.

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Hitalia, Jurish Pauleen, Yca Justerine Bringuelo, Ivan Henry Jordan, Edward Martinez, Remo Leba Jr., Anamarie G. Vadez, Hassanal Abusama, and Alan Paculanan. "Kamias (Averrhoa Bilimbi), Starfruit (Averrhoa Carambola), and Karamay (Phyllanthus Acidus) Fruit Extract as Alternative Stain Remover." ASEAN Journal of Science and Engineering 1, no. 1 (April 19, 2021): 19–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/ajse.v1i1.33684.

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This study generally aimed to determine the effectiveness of kamias, star fruit, and karamay fruit extracts in removing stains. Previous studies revealed the effectiveness of Kamias as a stain remover, while, this study compared the effectiveness of different fruit extracts as a stain remover and the potential utilization of other fruit extracts from trees that are locally available. We determined the cost of making stain remover using kamias, karamay, and star fruit extracts, the ability of these fruit extracts as a stain remover in terms of the degree of strain reduction and whitening of the cloth, and ultimately, the significant difference between the various treatments. Results revealed that the use of star fruit extract was the cheapest among the four treatments while the highest cost was incurred using Karamay extract. There was a significant difference observed between treatments. Bleach was the most effective in removing the stains and whitening the fabric, followed by the kamias extract. In terms of removing stains, whitening the cloth, and availability in the neighborhood, the extract was found to have the best results. We, therefore, recommended the use of kamias extract as an alternative organic stain remover for fabrics and be used by the households. Being derived from natural fruit extract and contain no dangerous chemicals, the product is safe for human use and environment-friendly.

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Ward, Dennis C., and Robert W. Hall. "Contrast Enhancement of Spermatozoa in Seminal Stains." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 43 (August 1985): 516–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100119405.

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The localization and visualization of intact spermatozoa in dried stains confirms the presence of semen in cases of suspected rape. Even though the average human male ejaculate contains over 240 million spermatozoa, current searching methods are often inefficient and tedious. These methods include the light microscopic search for spermatozoa following either: extraction of the stain components in aqueous buffer, destruction of the stain substrate, or the in situ staining of the suspected area.The extraction technique is most commonly employed even though it is inefficient in cell recovery. Spermatozoa apparently bind tenaciously to the support medium during the drying of the seminal plasma. The extraction process often fails in extracting complete cells. The number of spermatozoa collected from a stain may be further reduced by dilution of the semen with other body fluids, dilution of stain components with extraction medium, limited stain size, or a low sperm count due to physiological and/or elective (vasectomy) reasons.

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MICHELS, ROBERT. "Blue Angel Disgrace The Human Stain." American Journal of Psychiatry 157, no. 12 (December 2000): 2065–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.157.12.2065.

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9

Somerville, Kris. "The Human Stain (review)." Missouri Review 24, no. 1 (2001): 181–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/mis.2001.0165.

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Solanki, Unnati, Preeti Sharma, M. G. Shaikh M. G. Shaikh, and S. J. Nanawala S. J. Nanawala. "DNA Profiling for Detection of Mixed Semen Stain from Forensic Human Body Stain using Y-STR Analysis." International Journal of Scientific Research 2, no. 11 (June 1, 2012): 68–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/22778179/nov2013/20.

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Barnea, Itay, Lidor Karako, Simcha K. Mirsky, Mattan Levi, Michal Balberg, and Natan T. Shaked. "Stain-free interferometric phase microscopy correlation with DNA fragmentation stain in human spermatozoa." Journal of Biophotonics 11, no. 11 (July 18, 2018): e201800137. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbio.201800137.

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12

Kaplan, Brett. "Anatole Broyard's Human Stain: Performing Postracial Consciousness." Philip Roth Studies 1, no. 2 (October 1, 2005): 125–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3200/prss.1.2.125-144.

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13

Safer, Elaine B. "Tragedy and Farce in Roth's:The Human Stain." Critique: Studies in Contemporary Fiction 43, no. 3 (January 2002): 211–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00111610209602181.

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Chan, Philip J., Johannah U. Corselli, John D. Jacobson, William C. Patton, and Alan King. "Spermac stain analysis of human sperm acrosomes." Fertility and Sterility 72, no. 1 (July 1999): 124–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(99)00201-0.

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Wallis, Louise, Catherine Hitchcock, Dennis McNevin, and Jennifer Raymond. "Source Level Attribution: DNA Profiling from the ABAcard® HemaTrace® Kit." Forensic Sciences 1, no. 3 (October 7, 2021): 116–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/forensicsci1030011.

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ABAcard® HemaTrace® kits have been used for crime scene stains for confirmation of human blood for many years. However, when the stain is too small to allow for separate testing, confirmatory testing may be forgone to preference DNA analysis. This can lead to court challenges as to the biological source and therefore probative value of the DNA profile. This research aimed to develop a protocol for DNA analysis of a minute blood stain subsequent to HemaTrace® testing. Stains were collected and subjected to HemaTrace® testing. Swabs were then removed from the HemaTrace® buffer solution and processed. DNA yields and STR DNA profiles were analysed for both quantity and quality. Full profiles were reliably obtained from stains with diameters of 0.6 mm–0.7 mm, reflecting DNA concentrations between 0.0036 ng/μL and 0.007 ng/μL, varying according to substrate characteristics. However, stains below a diameter of 0.6 mm should proceed directly for DNA profiling. This protocol was also successfully performed on blood stains which had undergone UV irradiation, although use of the reporting peak height threshold (lower than the routine analytical threshold) was required to obtain useable profiles. We have been able to demonstrate a protocol which, with minor adjustments to crime scene procedures, allows for both the confirmation of the presence of human blood, together with the generation of useful DNA profiles.

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Howat, Will, Jodi Miller, and Ioannis Gounaris. "Application of ARID1A to murine formalin-fixed paraffin embedded tissue using immunohistochemistry." F1000Research 3 (October 15, 2014): 244. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.5514.1.

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ARID1A is a known suppressor of tumour formation and the Human Protein Atlas antibody HPA005456 has been demonstrated in previous literature to stain tumour tissue by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in formalin-fixed paraffin embedded human tissue and human cell lines. This article details the validation of this antibody for immunohistochemistry of formalin-fixed paraffin embedded murine tissue using a Leica BondMax immunostainer. Using Western blot and IHC on murine wild-type and knockout tissue we have demonstrated that this antibody to ARID1A correctly stains murine tissue by immunohistochemistry.

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Howat, Will, Jodi Miller, and Ioannis Gounaris. "Application of ARID1A to murine formalin-fixed paraffin embedded tissue using immunohistochemistry." F1000Research 3 (January 6, 2015): 244. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.5514.2.

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ARID1A is a known suppressor of tumour formation and the Human Protein Atlas antibody HPA005456 has been demonstrated in previous literature to stain tumour tissue by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in formalin-fixed paraffin embedded human tissue and human cell lines. This article details the validation of this antibody for immunohistochemistry of formalin-fixed paraffin embedded murine tissue using a Leica BondMax immunostainer. Using Western blot and IHC on murine wild-type and knockout tissue we have demonstrated that this antibody to ARID1A correctly stains murine tissue by immunohistochemistry.

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Howat, Will, Jodi Miller, and Ioannis Gounaris. "Application of ARID1A to murine formalin-fixed paraffin embedded tissue using immunohistochemistry." F1000Research 3 (June 4, 2015): 244. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.5514.3.

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ARID1A is a known suppressor of tumour formation and the Human Protein Atlas antibody HPA005456 has been demonstrated in previous literature to stain tumour tissue by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in formalin-fixed paraffin embedded human tissue and human cell lines. This article details the validation of this antibody for immunohistochemistry of formalin-fixed paraffin embedded murine tissue using a Leica BondMax immunostainer. Using Western blot and IHC on murine wild-type and knockout tissue we have demonstrated that this antibody to ARID1A correctly stains murine tissue by immunohistochemistry.

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jaeyeon Hyun. "The meaning of purification through The Human Stain." Journal of English Cultural Studies 10, no. 3 (December 2017): 239–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.15732/jecs.10.3.201712.239.

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20

Davies, Rebecca J. "An American dream gone sour The human stain." Lancet 357, no. 9256 (February 2001): 644–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(05)71445-8.

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Tyler, Michael G., Lorne T. Kirby, Stephen Wood, Susan Vernon, and James A. J. Ferris. "Human blood stain identification and sex determination in dried blood stains using recominant DNA techniques." Forensic Science International 31, no. 4 (July 1986): 267–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0379-0738(86)90166-0.

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Malkawi, S. R., R. M. Abu Hazeem, and M. O. Easa. "Effect of water softening on the colour intensity of routine haematoxylin and eosin stain." Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 9, no. 5-6 (March 31, 2003): 1109–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.26719/2003.9.5-6.1109.

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Haematoxylin and eosin [H and E] is the most popular routine stain used in pathology laboratories for highlighting cellular structures. To study the effect of tap water’softening’ [i. e. calcium extraction] on H and E stains, 5 sets of slides from 30 different paraffin-embedded human pathologic tissue blocks were prepared in the same way except for washing with 5 different types of water. Slides washed in untreated tap water showed the best results concerning differentiation and colour intensity, while slides washed with softened or other treated water showed poorer degrees of differentiation and colour intensity. The worst results were obtained from slides washed with water containing sodium bicarbonate. Low calcium and magnesium ions and high sodium ions in soft water adversely affect the results of routine H and E stain

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Shemilt, L. A., A. K. C. Estandarte, M. Yusuf, and I. K. Robinson. "Scanning electron microscope studies of human metaphase chromosomes." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 372, no. 2010 (March 6, 2014): 20130144. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2013.0144.

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Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is used to evaluate potential chromosome preparations and staining methods for application in high-resolution three-dimensional X-ray imaging. Our starting point is optical fluorescence microscopy, the standard method for chromosomes, which only gives structural detail at the 200 nm scale. In principle, with suitable sample preparation protocols, including contrast enhancing staining, the surface structure of the chromosomes can be viewed at the 1 nm level by SEM. Here, we evaluate a heavy metal nucleic-acid-specific stain, which gives strong contrast in the backscattered electron signal. This study uses SEM to examine chromosomes prepared in different ways to establish a sample preparation protocol for X-rays. Secondary electron and backscattered electron signals are compared to evaluate the effectiveness of platinum-based stains used to enhance the contrast.

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De Gauw, Johnny Holanda, Lara Maria Melo Costa, Rodrigo Neves Silva, Natanael Barbosa Santos, and Maria Dânia Holanda Tenorio. "EVALUATION OF THE EFFECT OF FERROUS SULFATE ON ENAMEL DEMINERALIZATION OF HUMAN DECIDUOUS TEETH: AN IN VITRO STUDY." Journal of Dentistry & Public Health 8, no. 3 (September 29, 2017): 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.17267/2596-3368dentistry.v8i3.1549.

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Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of ferrous sulfate (FS) on demineralized and non-demineralized human deciduous teeth. Additionally, it was evaluated the penetration extent of FS and its remineralizing effect on the enamel of deciduous teeth using Polarized Light Microscopy (PLM). Method: The sample comprised 44 human deciduous teeth. The 44 crowns were divided randomly into four groups: group A (FS after demineralization), group B (FS without demineralization), group C (only demineralization), and group D (control group). FS at 0.45 mol/L-1 was used daily (15 days) and demineralization was done by pH cycling (7 days). Then, three longitudinal slices of the crowns were photographed using PLM. The degree of penetration of the lesion or stain was measured in micrometers, as well as the distance between the external enamel surface and the core of lesion. Results: Group A showed a dark stain on the outer surface of enamel larger than the group B. It is suggested, a remineralizing effect when comparing groups, A and C. The mean depth and standard deviation for groups A, B, and C were 4.27µm (±1.49), 3.72 µm (±1.68) and 5.00 µm (±1.84), respectively. No dark stains were observed in group D. Conclusion: FS stained the demineralized and non-demineralized human deciduous teeth. However, dark stains in the non-demineralized teeth were smaller or absent, than in the demineralized teeth. Therefore, FS may have a protective effect against demineralization.

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Ramalingam, Balakrishnan, Vega-Heredia Manuel, Mohan Rajesh Elara, Ayyalusami Vengadesh, Anirudh Krishna Lakshmanan, Muhammad Ilyas, and Tan Jun Yuan James. "Visual Inspection of the Aircraft Surface Using a Teleoperated Reconfigurable Climbing Robot and Enhanced Deep Learning Technique." International Journal of Aerospace Engineering 2019 (September 12, 2019): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/5137139.

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Aircraft surface inspection includes detecting surface defects caused by corrosion and cracks and stains from the oil spill, grease, dirt sediments, etc. In the conventional aircraft surface inspection process, human visual inspection is performed which is time-consuming and inefficient whereas robots with onboard vision systems can inspect the aircraft skin safely, quickly, and accurately. This work proposes an aircraft surface defect and stain detection model using a reconfigurable climbing robot and an enhanced deep learning algorithm. A reconfigurable, teleoperated robot, named as “Kiropter,” is designed to capture the aircraft surface images with an onboard RGB camera. An enhanced SSD MobileNet framework is proposed for stain and defect detection from these images. A Self-filtering-based periodic pattern detection filter has been included in the SSD MobileNet deep learning framework to achieve the enhanced detection of the stains and defects on the aircraft skin images. The model has been tested with real aircraft surface images acquired from a Boeing 737 and a compact aircraft’s surface using the teleoperated robot. The experimental results prove that the enhanced SSD MobileNet framework achieves improved detection accuracy of aircraft surface defects and stains as compared to the conventional models.

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Yudianto, Ahmad, and Yeti Eka Sispitasari. "DNA ISOLATION FROM HUMAN URINE STAIN AS AN ALTERNATIVE MATERIAL FOR PERSONAL IDENTIFICATION EXAMINATION." Folia Medica Indonesiana 52, no. 4 (August 14, 2017): 277. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/fmi.v52i4.5476.

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Accurate determination of personal identity is crucial for an investigation since any inaccuracy may lead to fatal consequences in the judicial process. Identification through DNA analysis involves somatic chromosomes and mtDNA. Each part of the human body can be taken as a specimen since every nucleated cell in the body of an individual has identical DNA sequence. To date, samples for identification through DNA analysis are obtained from blood stains, semen stains, bones, vaginal swab, buccal swab etc. In certain cases, urine stains on the clothing have frequently been overlooked. So far, personal identification through DNA analysis by the use of urine stains has not been commonly carried out. The present study detected bands in the loci CSF1PO, THO1, TPOX and 106bp-112bp amelogenin in all samples visualized from the results of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) with Polyacrylamid Agarose Gel Electrophoreses-silver staining for exposure durations of 1, 7 and 14 days. However, for exposure duration of 20 days (the maximum in the study), bands were only detected in the loci THO1 and TPOX in all samples (100%), whereas the loci CSF1PO and 50% amelogenin exhibited obvious bands. This indicated that DNA analysis of urine stains through detection of the locus STR CSF1PO, THO1, TPOX exhibited different detection responses for different exposure durations assigned to the samples of urine stain. Successful detection of these loci was supported by the differences in amplicon product and GC content at each locus. Of the loci studied, the ratio of GC content of the primers, sorted from the lowest, were as follows: locus CSF1PO of 42.6 1%, TPOX of 56.25%, and THO1 of 63.83%. In conclusion, the loci THO1 and TPOX had the same probability of success in the STR examination compared with the locus CSF1PO.

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Green, M. R. "Identification of human milk kappa-casein on polyacrylamide gels by differential staining with Ethyl-Stains-all and chymosin sensitivity." Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry 34, no. 2 (February 1986): 147–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/34.2.2418097.

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Ethyl-Stains-all (ESA), a cationic carbocyanine dye that stains phosphorylated, sialylated, and unmodified proteins differentially, was used to stain a human casein fraction enriched for its kappa-casein-like characteristics. The staining properties and chymosin sensitivity of this fraction were compared with those of human milk and bovine casein proteins. Phosphorylated human and bovine beta caseins stained blue with ESA. The sialic acid-containing bovine kappa-casein stained blue-green. The human kappa-like fraction was enriched for a protein that stained blue-green with ESA. Both bovine kappa-casein and the human blue-green-staining protein were susceptible to chymosin digestion at lower concentrations of chymosin than that required for digestion of beta-caseins. In each case, following chymosin digestion, a green-staining peptide of lower molecular weight replaced the original protein and para-kappa-casein was formed. Identification of human kappa-casein on SDS-polyacrylamide gels was based on its differential staining with ESA and chymosin sensitivity with respect to beta-casein.

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Kobb, S. M., and A. M. Miller. "Histochemical quantitation of gamma-glutamyl transferase in human leukemia cell lines." Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry 39, no. 2 (February 1991): 165–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/39.2.1702798.

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The enzyme gamma-glutamyl transferase (gamma-GT) is involved in many biochemical systems, including the signal transduction of hematopoietic growth factors. Standard colorimetric gamma-GT assays require larger cell numbers than may be obtainable in many cases, such as with highly purified stem-cell populations. To study gamma-GT expression in limited populations, we used a histochemical stain to analyze gamma-GT semiquantitatively in cells of hematopoietic origin. Several human leukemic cell lines, including one with inducible increases in gamma-GT, were stained for gamma-GT and graded 0 through 4+ for the amount of positive granules. The gamma-GT activity demonstrated by this stain was found to be directly proportional to the gamma-GT activity obtained with a colorimetric assay and could be used to calculate approximate gamma-GT activity. This stain therefore provides a useful method for determining gamma-GT activity when limited cell numbers are available.

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Bakshi, Somenath, Heejun Choi, Nambirajan Rangarajan, Kenneth J. Barns, Benjamin P. Bratton, and James C. Weisshaar. "Nonperturbative Imaging of Nucleoid Morphology in Live Bacterial Cells during an Antimicrobial Peptide Attack." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 80, no. 16 (June 6, 2014): 4977–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00989-14.

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ABSTRACTStudies of time-dependent drug and environmental effects on single, live bacterial cells would benefit significantly from a permeable, nonperturbative, long-lived fluorescent stain specific to the nucleoids (chromosomal DNA). The ideal stain would not affect cell growth rate or nucleoid morphology and dynamics, even during laser illumination for hundreds of camera frames. In this study, time-dependent, single-cell fluorescence imaging with laser excitation and a sensitive electron-multiplying charge-coupled-device (EMCCD) camera critically tested the utility of “dead-cell stains” (SYTOX orange and SYTOX green) and “live-cell stains” (DRAQ5 and SYTO 61) and also 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI). Surprisingly, the dead-cell stains were nearly ideal for imaging liveEscherichia coli, while the live-cell stains and DAPI caused nucleoid expansion and, in some cases, cell permeabilization and the halting of growth. SYTOX orange performed well for both the Gram-negativeE. coliand the Gram-positiveBacillus subtilis. In an initial application, we used two-color fluorescence imaging to show that the antimicrobial peptide cecropin A destroyed nucleoid-ribosome segregation over 20 min after permeabilization of theE. colicytoplasmic membrane, reminiscent of the long-term effects of the drug rifampin. In contrast, the human cathelicidin LL-37, while similar to cecropin A in structure, length, charge, and the ability to permeabilize bacterial membranes, had no observable effect on nucleoid-ribosome segregation. Possible underlying causes are suggested.

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Kral, Françoise. "F(r)ictions of Identity in The Human Stain." Philip Roth Studies 2, no. 1 (April 1, 2006): 47–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3200/prss.2.1.47-55.

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Seiler, Christian. "The Human Myocardial Stain as Mitigated by Coronary Collaterals." Circulation 127, no. 6 (February 12, 2013): 670–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/circulationaha.112.000626.

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Bovin, N. V., T. V. Zemlyanukhina, A. B. Tuzikov, Yu E. Tzvetkov, A. S. Shashkov, N. E. Nifant'ev, I. V. Abramenko, and D. F. Gluzman. "S8.9 Cancer-associated oligosaccharides stain selectively human cancer cells." Glycoconjugate Journal 10, no. 4 (August 1993): 268–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01209951.

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Kass, Lawrence. "A Hypochlorite-Fast Metachromatic Quick Stain for Human Megakaryocytes." Biotechnic & Histochemistry 70, no. 4 (January 1995): 165–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10520299509107307.

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Lee, J., J.-W. Chen, S. Omar, SR Kwon, and M. Meharry. "Evaluation of Stain Penetration by Beverages in Demineralized Enamel Treated With Resin Infiltration." Operative Dentistry 41, no. 1 (January 1, 2016): 93–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.2341/13-259-l.

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SUMMARY Purpose To evaluate stain penetration by different beverages in artificially demineralized human teeth treated with resin infiltration. Methods and Materials Sixty extracted human permanent molars were demineralized, treated with resin infiltration (Icon), and immersed in four different beverages (coffee, grape juice, iced tea, and distilled water; N=15) for four weeks. After aging, teeth in the distilled water group were stained with 2% methylene blue for 24 hours. All teeth were sectioned, and stain penetration was evaluated under light microscopy. Chi-square test, independent and paired sample t-test, analysis of variance with the Fisher least significant difference post hoc test, and the Kruskal-Wallis test were used to analyze the results (p<0.05). Results Resin infiltration–treated surfaces (Icon surfaces) had statistically significant fewer samples with presence of stain penetration compared to untreated surfaces (control surfaces) (p<0.001). There was also a significant decrease in depth of stain penetration in Icon surfaces compared to the control surfaces (p<0.001). Among tested beverage groups, iced tea showed significantly greater depth of stain penetration (0.134±0.029 mm), followed by grape juice (0.118±0.047 mm), methylene blue (0.022±0.019 mm), and coffee (0.008±0.017 mm; p<0.001). Conclusion Both Icon and control surfaces exhibit stain penetration by different beverages (iced tea, grape juice, and coffee). However, resin-infiltrated enamel surfaces allow significantly less depth of stain penetration compared to untreated surfaces. The iced tea group presents greatest depth of stain penetration, followed by grape juice, methylene blue, and coffee.

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Giordani, Federica, Manoj Munde, W. David Wilson, Mohamed A. Ismail, Arvind Kumar, David W. Boykin, and Michael P. Barrett. "Green Fluorescent Diamidines as Diagnostic Probes for Trypanosomes." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 58, no. 3 (December 23, 2013): 1793–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.02024-13.

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ABSTRACTLight-emitting diode (LED) fluorescence microscopy offers potential benefits in the diagnosis of human African trypanosomiasis and in other aspects of diseases management, such as detection of drug-resistant strains. To advance such approaches, reliable and specific fluorescent markers to stain parasites in human fluids are needed. Here we describe a series of novel green fluorescent diamidines and their suitability as probes with which to stain trypanosomes.

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Stern, Adam. "Sperm cytology: Kernechtrot–picroindigocarmine stain and dog semen." Journal of Veterinary Forensic Sciences 1, no. 1 (December 23, 2019): 23–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/jvfs.v1i1.128311.

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Animal sexual abuse cases present as an unusual scenario for forensic investigators. In this study, the kernechtrot–picroindigocarmine (KPIC, aka Christmas tree stain) staining properties of semen from 8 domestic dogs was compared to two samples of human sperm. In the head of the dog sperm, the acrosomal region stained pale red and the postacrosomal region stained dark red. There was a colorless band with a mean length of 0.59 μm within the sperm head between the acrosomal and postacrosomal regions. The colorless band was not identified within the human control samples nor reported in the literature. This data supports the use of KPIC stain for the examination of dog semen and further characterizes a unique staining pattern found in dog sperm that is not present in human sperm.

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Lusi, Elena Angela, Dan Maloney, Federico Caicci, and Paolo Guarascio. "Questions on unusual Mimivirus-like structures observed in human cells." F1000Research 6 (March 14, 2017): 262. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.11007.1.

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Background: Mimiviruses or giant viruses that infect amoebas have the ability to retain the Gram stain, which is usually used to colour bacteria. There is some evidence suggesting that Mimiviruses can also infect human cells. Guided by these premises, we performed a routine Gram stain on a variety of human specimens to see if we could detect the same Gram positive blue granules that identify Mimiviruses in the amoebas. Methods: We analysed 24 different human specimens (liver, brain, kidney, lymph node and ovary) using Gram stain histochemistry, electron microscopy immunogold, high resolution mass spectrometry and protein identification. Results: We detected in the human cells Gram positive granules that were distinct from bacteria. The fine blue granules displayed the same pattern of the Gram positive granules that diagnose Mimiviruses in the cytoplasm of the amoebas. Electron microscopy confirmed the presence of human Mimiviruses-like structures and mass spectrometry identified histone H4 peptides, which had the same footprints as giant viruses. However, some differences were noted: the Mimivirus-like structures identified in the human cells were ubiquitous and manifested a distinct mammalian retroviral antigenicity. Conclusions: Our main hypotheses are that the structures could be either giant viruses having a retroviral antigenicity or ancestral cellular components having a viral origin. However, other possible alternatives have been proposed to explain the nature and function of the newly identified structures.

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Lafta, Israa, Wasan Abdulhameed, and Nahla AL-Bakri. "Histochemical Study of Human Placental Tissues in Gestational Diabetic Mellitus." Iraqi Journal of Embryos and Infertility Researches 10, no. 2 (November 7, 2021): 29–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.28969/ijeir.v10.i2.r3.

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Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a serious pregnancy complication in which a woman who has never had diabetes develops chronic hyperglycemia during her pregnancy. Normal placental function is essential for optimal fetal growth. The transport of glucose from the mother to the fetus is critical for fetal nutrient demands and can be stored as glycogen in the placenta. However, the function of this glycogen deposition is unknown: It may well be a source of fuel for a placenta itself or the storage reservoir for the later use by the fetus in times of need. While the significance of the placental glycogen remains unknown, the mounting evidence indicates that the altered glycogen metabolism and/or deposition is associated with many pregnancy complications, such as gestational diabetes, that adversely affect fetal development. The aim of this study is to assess glycogen deposition using Histochemical staining of Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) stain. The placenta tissue collected from 50 women were enrolled in this study (25 women with no complications) and (25 women with gestational diabetes). The placentas of the two groups were compared in this study based on glycogen deposition with periodic acid-Schiff stain. The results of a histochemical investigation using PAS stain revealed a significant increase in the glycogen deposition (p≤0.001) in diabetic women's placentas within the intervillous core, around fetal vessels, and the basement membranes.

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Clarke, Megan A., Li C. Cheung, Thomas Lorey, Brad Hare, Rebecca Landy, Diane Tokugawa, Julia C. Gage, Teresa M. Darragh, Philip E. Castle, and Nicolas Wentzensen. "5-Year Prospective Evaluation of Cytology, Human Papillomavirus Testing, and Biomarkers for Detection of Anal Precancer in Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Positive Men Who Have Sex With Men." Clinical Infectious Diseases 69, no. 4 (November 12, 2018): 631–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciy970.

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Abstract Background Human papillomavirus (HPV)-related biomarkers have shown good cross-sectional performance for anal precancer detection in human immunodeficiency virus–positive (HIV+) men who have sex with men (MSM). However, the long-term performance and risk stratification of these biomarkers are unknown. Here, we prospectively evaluated high-risk (HR) HPV DNA, HPV16/18 genotyping, HPV E6/E7 messenger RNA (mRNA), and p16/Ki-67 dual stain in a population of HIV+ MSM. Methods We enrolled 363 HIV+ MSM between 2009–2010, with passive follow-up through 2015. All had anal cytology and a high-resolution anoscopy at baseline. For each biomarker, we calculated the baseline sensitivity and specificity for a combined endpoint of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) and anal intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or more severe diagnoses (HSIL/AIN2+), and we estimated the 2- and 5-year cumulative risks of HSIL/AIN2+ using logistic and Cox regression models. Results There were 129 men diagnosed with HSIL/AIN2+ during the study. HR-HPV testing had the highest positivity and sensitivity of all assays, but the lowest specificity. HPV16/18 and HPV E6/E7 mRNA had high specificity, but lower sensitivity. The 2- and 5-year risks of HSIL/AIN2+ were highest for those testing HPV16/18- or HPV E6/E7 mRNA–positive, followed by those testing dual stain–positive. Those testing HR-HPV– or dual stain–negative had the lowest 2- and 5-year risks of HSIL/AIN2+. Conclusions HPV-related biomarkers provide long-term risk stratification for anal precancers. HR-HPV– and dual stain–negativity indicate a low risk of HSIL/AIN2+ for at least 2 years, compared with negative anal cytology; however, the high positivity of HR-HPV in HIV+ MSM may limit its utility for surveillance and management in this population.

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Sathawane, Prajakta, Meherbano M. Kamal, Pramodini R. Deotale, and Hirkini Mankar. "Nuances of the Papanicolaou stain." Cytojournal 19 (June 14, 2022): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.25259/cmas_03_18_2021.

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The impressive list of achievements of Dr. G. N. Papanicolaou and his tedious journey from normal to abnormal human cell includes the importance of wet fixation of cells and the development of the unique polychromatic Pap stain. The 5-dye Pap stain method evolved through 2 salient phases. The first being the development of wet fixation using alcohol-ether to enhance cellular transparency and the second phase saw the introduction of various cytoplasmic counterstaining methods using orange G and EA (light green, Bismarck brown, eosin) and phosphotungstic acid, facilitating the distinction of cell types. The specific characteristics of the staining method is, the cellular transparency combined with crisp nuclear staining, achieved through tailored cellular fixation and cytoplasmic staining using variable dye and pH combinations. With little modifications if any the Pap stain continues to be applied uniformly globally. However, institutional supply of dyes and chemicals from different companies make minor modifications, that remain consistent, an essential part of the staining protocol. This chapter describes the preparation and principles of various components of the stain that are being currently used in our department.

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노종진. "Passing and Political Correctness in Philip Roth’s The Human Stain." New Korean Journal of English Lnaguage & Literature 52, no. 2 (May 2010): 75–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.25151/nkje.2010.52.2.004.

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Göncüoğlu, M. Önder. "Discoursal Formation of Identity in Philip Roth’s The Human Stain." Gaziantep University Journal of Social Sciences 18, no. 3 (July 2, 2019): 1015–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.21547/jss.487186.

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Muhamed Banimansoor, Abdullah Jassim, and Longhai Zhang. "Petrifying Impact of Capitalism in Philip Roth’s The Human Stain." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN SOCIAL SCIENCES & HUMANITIES 12, no. 02 (2022): 119–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.37648/ijrssh.v12i02.007.

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This study sheds light on impact of capitalism on American society and how it enforces racial discrimination to subject the majority of people and use them as a commodity in the hands of fewer as portrayed in Philip Roth’s The Human Stain. This article also attempts to focus on the effect of war on society as capitalist’s tool. It raises a question as to what extent capitalism is successful in deforming the American society. It aims to reveal the role of capitalism in planting social discrimination in American society. It also discusses the atmosphere of racial discrimination at the time of writing this article.

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Ljungberg, Otto. "CRESYL FAST VIOLET-A SELECTIVE STAIN FOR HUMAN C-CELLS." Acta Pathologica Microbiologica Scandinavica Section A Pathology 78A, no. 5 (August 15, 2009): 618–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1699-0463.1970.tb02547.x.

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Boddy, Kasia. "Philip Roth's Great Books: A Reading of The Human Stain." Cambridge Quarterly 39, no. 1 (March 1, 2010): 39–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/camqtly/bfp025.

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Kass, Lawrence. "Lycramine Brilliant Blue Jl: A New Stain for Human Megakaryocytes." Stain Technology 60, no. 4 (January 1985): 233–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10520298509113917.

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Rudland, P. S., and C. M. Hughes. "Immunocytochemical identification of cell types in human mammary gland: variations in cellular markers are dependent on glandular topography and differentiation." Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry 37, no. 7 (July 1989): 1087–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/37.7.2471725.

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Antiserum to epithelial membrane antigen and three monoclonal antibodies (MAb) to milk-fat globule membranes immunocytochemically stain only epithelial cells, whereas a fourth reacts also with myoepithelial cells in inter- and intralobular ducts of human breast. Staining with peanut lectin shows a gradual increase for epithelial cells, from little or no staining in ducts through variable staining in ductules to intense staining in secretory alveoli. Antisera and MAb to vimentin, smooth-muscle actin, MAb to the common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen and to a glycoprotein of 135 KD stain myoepithelial cells in main ducts, but this staining is reduced in inter- and intralobular ducts and ductules. MAb to epithelial-specific keratin 18 stain a minor population of ductal epithelial cells, the major population of epithelial cells in interlobular (ILD) and extralobular terminal ducts (ETD), and epithelial cells in a minority of ductules. In lactating glands most epithelial cells in ductules are stained, but the alveolar and myoepithelial cells are unstained. Keratin MAb PKK2 and LP34 strongly stain myoepithelial cells, but only a minor population of epithelial cells in main ducts. However, these MAb stain principally the epithelial cells in ILD, ETD, and a minority of ductules. In lactating glands most epithelial cells are stained in ductules, but the myoepithelial and not the alveolar cells are stained intensely in secretory lobules. It is suggested that the unusual staining pattern of cells found principally in the ILD, ETD, and some ductules may represent regions of growth and/or subpopulation(s) of cells intermediate between epithelial and myoepithelial cells.

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Cox, Jesse L., Geoffrey A. Talmon, and Scott A. Koepsell. "Human Hemochromatosis Protein (HFE) Immunoperoxidase Stain Highlights Choriocarcinoma within Mixed Germ Cell Tumors." Disease Markers 2016 (2016): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/5236482.

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Identification of choriocarcinoma within a germ cell tumor can have major implications for the subsequent staging and treatment of testicular neoplasms. Immunoperoxidase staining greatly enhances the speed and sensitivity of identifying occult, though clinically significant, tumor components. In mixed germ cell tumors, staining for beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) has been historically used to assess for the presence and burden of choriocarcinoma. However, currentβ-hCG stains produce variable, intense staining of trophoblastic elements and surrounding tissues, clouding the assessment of true-positive staining. Human hemochromatosis protein (HFE) is a membrane bound mediator of iron transport expressed at high levels within placenta. Additionally, previous reports have demonstrated that choriocarcinoma cell lines express HFE, althoughin vivoexpression had not been examined. To address whether HFE can stain trophoblastic elements, HFE immunohistochemistry was conducted in choriocarcinoma (n=4), mixed germ cell tumors (n=11), seminoma (n=4), and placenta (n=11). HFE consistently demonstrated cytoplasmic and membranous staining, highlighting both syncytiotrophoblasts and cytotrophoblasts within choriocarcinoma and placenta. Staining of intratumoral white blood cells was observed within seminomas and mixed germ cell tumors, corroborating prior reports stating that HFE highlights monocytes and macrophages. Taken together, HFE may serve as an alternative target fromβ-hCG for immunoperoxidase studies when highlighting choriocarcinoma.

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Golconda, Umamaheshwari, Richard Sobonya, and Stephen Klotz. "Do Pentraxins Bind to Fungi in Invasive Human Gastrointestinal Candidiasis?" Journal of Fungi 4, no. 3 (September 17, 2018): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof4030111.

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Tissue from 13 autopsy cases with invasive gastrointestinal candidiasis was studied for the binding of the pentraxins, C-reactive protein (CRP), pentraxin 3 (PTX3), and serum amyloid P component (SAP) to fungal surfaces. Invasive candidal infection was demonstrated using a hematoxylin and eosin stain and a Gomori methenamine silver stain (GMS). Immunohistochemistry was performed with CRP and PTX3 monoclonal antibodies and did not demonstrate CRP or PTX3 bound to fungi (0 of 13 cases), although CRP was extensively deposited on human tissue. A polyclonal antibody to SAP showed that SAP was bound to fungi in 12 of 13 cases. Although all three pentraxins have been reported to bind to fungi or bacteria, only SAP was bound to filamentous and yeast forms of Candida in human tissue, as detected by immunohistochemistry. SAP was abundantly present on fungi and may have affected the host innate immune response to the invading fungi.

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Rudland, P. S. "Histochemical organization and cellular composition of ductal buds in developing human breast: evidence of cytochemical intermediates between epithelial and myoepithelial cells." Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry 39, no. 11 (November 1991): 1471–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/39.11.1918925.

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In developing human breast, terminal end buds (TEBs), lateral buds (LBs), and lobules of three to five alveolar buds (ABs) predominate in prepubertal females, whereas lobules of ABs and lobules of up to 60 ductules predominate in pubertal females. The appearance of clefts in TEBs and LBs suggests that they are precursors of ABs. In histological sections the ductal buds are composed of a heterogeneous collection of cells that include cortical and peripheral cells. The cortical cells can line small lumina in TEBs/LBs, whereas the peripheral cells which cap their distal tips are more irregular and loosely packed. Monoclonal antibodies (MAb) to epithelial milk-fat globule membranes and antiserum to epithelial membrane antigen immunocytochemically stain the cortical cells, particularly where such cells line lumina, and weakly stain the peripheral cap cells. Similar histochemical staining patterns are observed in desialylated sections with peanut lectin. Antiserum and MAb to smooth muscle actin moderately stain the peripheral cap cells, and this staining increases the closer the peripheral cells become to the myoepithelial cells of the subtending duct. Similar but weaker staining patterns are observed with antibodies to vimentin. Keratin MAb PKK2 and LP34, which stain myoepithelial cells in preference to epithelial cells in main ducts, as well as MAb to epithelium-specific keratin 18, all stain many of the cortical/luminal cells in buds and lobules of developing breast; the peripheral cap cells are relatively unstained. It is suggested that the undifferentiated peripheral cap cells show transitional forms both to the cortical epithelial cells that eventually line the lumina and to the myoepithelial cells of the subtending duct.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Human Stain'

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