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Heydenrych, Joan Ingrid. "Certain congenital anomalies : some psycho-social implications in adulthood." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/17157.
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Bibliography: pages 195-202.This study is an investigation of some psycho-social implications in adulthood of being born with a congenital anomaly. The congenital anomalies - oesophageal atresia, Hirschsprung's disease and high anorectal malformations are surgically corrected at birth, but can be associated with residual problems. These problems could put patients at risk for psycho-social maladjustment. The three anomaly groups were seen to represent varying degrees of severity. The oesophageal atresia respondents represented the no to mild disability/residual problems group. Those who had Hirschsprung's disease represented the moderate disability/residual problem group. The high anorectal malformation respondents' represented the severe disability/residual problem group. The research hypothesis is that the severity of residual problems and psycho-social functioning will be directly proportional to each other, i.e. the more severe the handicap, the poorer the psycho-social functioning. A research study was conducted on 38 adult patients whose congenital anomalies were surgically corrected at The Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital. The research methods used were a descriptive survey method and a case-study method. The former involved three self-administered questionnaires. Information obtained concerned demographic, socio-economic, family background, medical and psycho-social problem data. An in-depth case-study was conducted with one respondent from each anomaly group. Information was obtained concerning the effect that residual problems had had on various aspects of patients' lives. Data was analysed descriptively. The findings of the study supported the research hypothesis, the medical prognosis and on the whole agreed with the literature. Severity of residual problems was found to be directly related to psycho-social functioning. Patients with severe disability/residual problems were experiencing the most psycho-social problems, those who had moderate disability/residual problems were found to have some psycho-social disability/residual problems, whereas those with mild disability/residual problems were found to have few or no psycho-social problems. Self-esteem, depression, interpersonal relationships and restricted social functioning were the psycho-social aspects found to be most affected by residual problems. The study revealed gaps in both medical and social work services for these patients in terms of ongoing follow-up services. Recommendation to improve these services have been proposed.
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Harris, Regina Gray. "Social emanations: Toward a sociology of human olfaction." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2007. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5170/.
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Within the discipline of sociology human olfaction is rich with social significance yet remains a poorly charted frontier. Therefore, the following discourse is aimed toward the development of a foundation for the sociological study of olfaction. It is formed by the dual goals of unearthing the social history of olfaction and of providing a viable sociological account of the manner in which smells affect human ontology. From these goals arise the following research questions: (1) Have the meaning and social relevance of odors and the olfactory sensorium changed throughout different periods of history?; (2) How have those in the lineage of eminent sociological thinkers addressed the phenomenon of human olfaction during these periods?; and (3) What is the process by which aromatic stimuli are transformed from simple chemical compounds, drifting in the atmosphere, into sensations in a sensory field and then on to perceived objects, to subjects of judgment and interpretation, and finally to bases of knowledge which form and continually reform individuals in the world? The weaving of the sociohistorical tapestry of smell is undertaken to provide examples from thousands of years lived experiences as to the fluid and sociologically complex nature of individuals' olfactory senses. This historical information is presented in a narrative format and is synthesized from data gleaned from books, advertisements, articles in popular non-scientific magazines, as well as from the findings of studies published in medical/neurological, psychological, anthropological, and sociological scholarly journals. Regarding theoretical aim of this discourse, insights are drawn from Maurice Merleau-Ponty's phenomenological theory of human perception for the generation of a framework for the sociological study of olfaction. Merleau-Ponty's theoretical notions are modified, modernized, and refitted to more specifically fit the subject of human olfaction and to include all that has been discovered about the biological specifics of olfactory perception since the time of his writing. Taken in sum, this effort is an access point to the understanding of how olfactory sensory perceptions flow toward the ontological unfolding of individuals.
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Johnson, Susan C. "Social, legal and ethical aspects of human genetic modification and selection." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.404051.
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Tse, Wai Shing. "The role of noradrenaline in different aspects of human social behaviour." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.272325.
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Joanne, Pirie. "Human Being Leader." Licentiate thesis, Handelshögskolan i Stockholm, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hhs:diva-2286.
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Piccolo, Lara Schibelsky Godoy 1977. "Motivational aspects in the design of technology for social changes = Aspectos motivacionais no design de tecnologia para mudanças sociais." [s.n.], 2015. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/275540.
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Orientador: Maria Cecília Calani BaranauskasTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Computação
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Resumo: Conectando pessoas e presente em todos os aspectos da vida, quando projetadas para este fim, as tecnologias têm potencial de influenciar a forma com que pessoas em um grupo social percebem e se relacionam com as coisas no ambiente. Este estudo de doutorado em Interação Humano-Computador (IHC) investiga como elementos motivacionais da Psicologia podem ser aplicados para informar o design, explo- rando esse potencial da tecnologia em promover mudanças sociais. O estudo é instanciado no domínio de consumo de energia elétrica, lidando com o desafio contemporâneo de cons- cientizar a sociedade dos limites naturais do planeta no que diz respeito ao uso de recursos naturais. Informar o design com aspectos motivacionais é uma abordagem recente em IHC. Quando encontrada na literatura, comumente tem foco em aspectos individuais e intrín- secos da motivação. Contudo, como argumentado nessa pesquisa, o contexto sociocultural evidencia a importância de considerar também os fatores externos que motivam as pessoas a se engajarem com uma tecnologia e com uma determinada questão social. Por considerar tanto fontes intrínsecas quanto extrínsecas de motivação, a Teoria da Autodeterminação é então considerada o principal referencial teórico da Psicologia nessa investigação, e a Semiótica Organizacional é a base metodológica para analisar os elemen- tos socioculturais que influenciam a motivação extrínseca. A análise situada dos dados socioculturais por uma perspectiva motivacional levou ao design da Tecnologia Socialmente Informada para Eco-Feedback de Energia (sigla SEET, em inglês), uma arquitetura que tem por objetivo estabelecer um novo padrão de com- portamento, ou uma nova maneira de perceber o consumo de energia coletivamente. O SEET é composto por um sistema interativo que promove colaboração, e pela Árvore da Energia, um dispositivo de feedback tangível para locais onde há encontro de pessoas. O SEET é avaliado em dois cenários complementares: uma Escola de Ensino Funda- mental no Brasil, onde os dados socioculturais foram coletados, analisados e aplicados para informar o design; e no contexto de um departamento de uma universidade no Reino Unido. Aspectos motivacionais da arquitetura do SEET são então analisadas, assim como o impacto dessa tecnologia ao desencadear as esperadas mudanças sociais
Abstract: By connecting people and being present in almost all aspects of life, when properly de- signed for that, technology can potentially influence the way people in a social group perceive and relate with things in their environment. This PhD study in the Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) field investigates how motivational elements from Psychology can be applied to inform the design aiming at exploring this potential of technology for promoting a social change. The study is in- stantiated in the energy consumption domain, coping with the contemporary challenge of raising awareness among the society of the planet¿s natural resources usage and limits. Informing the design with motivational aspects is a recent approach in HCI. When found in literature, it is mostly focused on individual and intrinsic aspects of motivation. However, as argued in this research, the sociocultural context evidences the importance of considering also the external factors that motivate people to be engaged with technology and the social issue. By taking into account both intrinsic and extrinsic sources of motivation, the Self- Determination Theory is then considered the main theoretical background from Psychol- ogy in this investigation, and the Organisational Semiotics the methodological basis to analyse sociocultural elements that influence extrinsic motivation. The situated analysis of sociocultural data with motivational lenses has led to the de- sign of a Socially-informed Energy Eco-feedback Technology (SEET), an architecture that aims at establishing a "new pattern of behaviour", or a new way of perceiving collective energy consumption. The SEET is composed by an interactive system that promotes collaboration and The Energy Tree, a tangible and public feedback device for gathering places. The SEET is evaluated in two complementary scenarios: an elementary school in Brazil, where the sociocultural data was collected, analysed and applied to inform design; and in the context of an university department in the United Kingdom. Motivational as- pects of the SEET architecture are then analysed, as well as the impact of this technology to trigger the desired social change
Doutorado
Ciência da Computação
Doutora em Ciência da Computação
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Park, Sung Jun. "Social responses to virtual humans the effect of human-like characteristics /." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/29601.
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Thesis (Ph.D)--Psychology, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010.Committee Chair: Richard Catrambone; Committee Member: Gregory Corso; Committee Member: Jack Feldman; Committee Member: John T. Stasko; Committee Member: Wendy A. Rogers. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.
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Björkman, Barbro. "Ethical aspects of owning human biological material." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Philosophy and History of Technology, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-610.
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Zhang, Huiqi. "Socioscope: Human Relationship and Behavior Analysis in Mobile Social Networks." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2010. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc30533/.
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The widely used mobile phone, as well as its related technologies had opened opportunities for a complete change on how people interact and build relationship across geographic and time considerations. The convenience of instant communication by mobile phones that broke the barrier of space and time is evidently the key motivational point on why such technologies so important in people's life and daily activities. Mobile phones have become the most popular communication tools. Mobile phone technology is apparently changing our relationship to each other in our work and lives. The impact of new technologies on people's lives in social spaces gives us the chance to rethink the possibilities of technologies in social interaction. Accordingly, mobile phones are basically changing social relations in ways that are intricate to measure with any precision. In this dissertation I propose a socioscope model for social network, relationship and human behavior analysis based on mobile phone call detail records. Because of the diversities and complexities of human social behavior, one technique cannot detect different features of human social behaviors. Therefore I use multiple probability and statistical methods for quantifying social groups, relationships and communication patterns, for predicting social tie strengths and for detecting human behavior changes and unusual consumption events. I propose a new reciprocity index to measure the level of reciprocity between users and their communication partners. The experimental results show that this approach is effective. Among other applications, this work is useful for homeland security, detection of unwanted calls (e.g., spam), telecommunication presence, and marketing. In my future work I plan to analyze and study the social network dynamics and evolution.
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Victorin, Karin. "Practically Human. : Performing Social Robots and Feminist Aspects on Agency, Body and Gender." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Tema Genus, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-158230.
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Through an experimental theatre play, this thesis explores the development of human-like agency in contemporary “social robot” technology. The entrance point of this study is the gender gap and lack of diversity in contemporary AI/robot development, with an emerging need for interdisciplinary research across robot technology and social sciences. Using feminist technoscience and critical posthumanism as the theoretical framework, this research involves an analysis of a particular social robot case, currently being developed at Furhat Robotics in Stockholm. Inspired by Judy Wajcman (2004), I analyze how socially intelligent machines impact perceptions of human agency, body, gender, and identity within cultural contexts and through interaction. The first part of the empirical research is carried out in the robot-lab. The robot is then, in the second part, invited to perform as an actor in a theatre play. Entangled amidst the other players and audience members, a queered agency starts to reveal itself through human-machine “intra-action” and embodiment (Barad 2003). Human-like agency in machines is shown to be a complex matter, drawing the conclusion that human-beings are vulnerable to a myriad of entanglements and preconceptions that artificial intelligence potentially embodies.
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Swofford, Jacqueline Victoria. "Social and Human Capital: Contributing Effects of Incarceration on Neighborhoods." PDXScholar, 2011. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/261.
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Interest in human and social capital's contribution to the desistence of crime is increasingly popular amongst criminologists, economists and policy makers. However, little attention has been drawn to the influence human and social capital indicators contribute towards the relationship between the re-entry process and juvenile crime at the neighborhood level. The current study hypothesizes the existence of a mediating relationship between human and social capital indicators (2000) and the rates of receiving formerly incarcerated persons (1997-2002) and juvenile arrest (2006-08) in 92 Portland, Oregon neighborhoods. Portland, Oregon receives more formerly incarcerated persons from Oregon's state correctional facilities than any other city or county in Oregon. Using neighborhood rates of residents with house-hold income above 50K, high school graduation, and annual income type: retired or government assistance, as proxies for human capital measures and neighborhood rates of residents employed by non-profit organizations, number of churches, and self-employment as proxies for social capital measures, OLS regression and bivariate correlations tested for a mediating effect between human and social capital on rates of re-entry and juvenile arrest rates. Findings indicate neighborhoods with increased rates of returnees have higher rates of juvenile delinquency. In addition, mediating human and social capital indicators affect the direct relationship between re-entry and juvenile crime: neighborhoods with more residents receiving retirement income, higher percent of self-employed residents, non-profit employees, or higher rates of residents earning income above 50K had lower rates of returnees in their communities. Greater rates of Portland neighborhoods which house residents with high proportions of house-hold incomes above 50K per year see increases in the rate of juvenile crime. Rates of neighborhood churches showed a positive correlation with on both rates of returnees and juvenile crime; obtaining a high school diploma was also associated with increased returnee rates and juvenile crime. Neighborhoods with more residents who are self-employed or employed by non-profit organizations had reduced rates of returnees and juvenile crime. Future research and recommendations are discussed to examine the impact of these findings on neighborhoods with formerly incarcerated persons, levels of human and social capital and juvenile crime in Portland, Oregon.
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Ge, Shuai. "The mass collaboration of human flesh search in China." Thesis, University of Macau, 2011. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b2525506.
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Sepinwall, Amy J. "Determining parental obligations to unborn children using a social contract theory." Thesis, McGill University, 1999. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=30114.
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I use a brand of social contract theory derived from David Gauthier to delimit precisely what might be permissible in the methods of conception and gestation of a child. More specifically, Gauthier posits a rule that is supposed to govern behavior among individuals prior to but in anticipation of the rise of social interaction. I argue that this rule can be appropriately applied to the interactions between a parent and her unborn child. I review other social contract models in an effort to show that Gauthier's is preferable to these. I also address other accounts concerned with parental obligations to the unborn, to see how these fare against Gauthier's. I conclude that, because of its breadth of applicability, as well as its plausibility, Gauthier's model is a powerful force for guiding us through these issues.
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Prest, Janalyn. "O' the tangled webs we weave, when first we practice to conceive : navigating the online commodification, distribution, and consumption of donor sperm." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=31133.
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Much of the public debate surrounding new technologies and techniques in assisted reproductive technology (ART) is caught up in the speculative nature of imagined futures of 'science-fictive' proportions. This thesis, by contrast, examines a 'naturalized' ART donor insemination, discussing the manner in which couples (and occasionally single women) construct distributive and kinship networks as they move through the processes of fertility treatment and the selection of donor sperm.This thesis follows a marketing trail for sperm from scientific journal, to the web, to conference floor. In doing so it examines and contrasts the information that is offered by companies distributing donor sperm and drawn upon by those making selective choices. It argues that the process of donor gamete selection---as mediated by Internet technologies---is characterized by a juxtapositioning of two trends: 'eugenic' promise, and expansion kinship networks based on 'like kinds'. This paper strives to explore these desires, beliefs and motivations at play in the commodification, distribution and consumption observed in the online marketing and sale of gametes.
This thesis contributes to the body of anthropological theorizing on gifting and commodification, and kinship, by arguing that donor sperm---in the context of current exchange practices---challenges a dichotomous categorization of gift/commodity, and is best understood as a hybrid item of exchange. Following Appadurai, the commodity candidacy of donor sperm, and the context of its commodification is explored, noting the manner in which kinship networks are extended and negotiated in the process.
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Zhou, Feifei, and 周菲菲. "System, order, creativity : models of the human in twentieth-century linguistic theories." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/202354.
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Poon, Sze-chung, and 潘思璁. "Socialisation of international human rights norms in the context of China's modernisation." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/198815.
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This thesis is about understanding the dynamics involved in the socialisation of international human rights norms. It examines the process within an analytical framework of transnational advocacy networks, the spiral model, in the context of China’s modernisation. Existing literature points to China’s economic power and potential political influence on the international arena and the Chinese state’s authoritarian regime domestically in explaining the limited achievements transnational advocacy networks have had in inducing human rights changes in China. This thesis responds with a novel perspective constructed in three steps by examining: 1) the relationship between China’s identity and political legitimacy since the beginning of China’s modernisation in the 1840s; 2) how China’s modernisation drive impacts the development of its domestic civil society; 3) the potential of human rights INGOs in inducing human rights changes with case studies of the Dui Hua Foundation and the Rights Practice. It is found that under this novel perspective, the Chinese state’s authority has been limited by rising social problems, which threaten the state’s political legitimacy to rule. Chinese civil society actors play an important role in producing solutions to these social problems, convincing the state to further relax its control. Human rights INGOs contribute to this relationship through strengthening Chinese civil society actors’ capacity in solving social problems and monitoring official institutions, while also informing government officials about reforms that could make domestic practices more compatible to international human rights norms. In this vein, despite the fact that international human rights norms have been altered by China’s power, they remain influential on China’s behaviour by the careful alignment of the human rights work of transnational advocacy networks to suit China’s interest to political legitimacy. This thesis confirms and strengthens the spiral model as a framework to understand the socialisation of international human rights norms. This thesis contributes to understanding the power of international human rights norms, i.e. the extent to which they influence the behaviour and practices of states, as well as the role of transnational advocacy networks in situations where human rights violations persist.published_or_final_version
Modern Languages and Cultures
Master
Master of Philosophy
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Gritt, Andrew Jonathan. "Aspects of agrarian change in south-west Lancashire, c.1650-1850." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2000. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/19663/.
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This thesis examines agricultural and agrarian developments 1650-1850 in a region - south-west Lancashire - that was increasingly dominated by industry and large urban centres. The thesis is firmly located within two distinct historiographical traditions: 'agrarian capitalism' and 'agricultural revolution'. The debates encompassed by these concepts have been largely conducted around the development of arable agriculture. Large parts of the north and west of England have been peripheral to these debates and the models of agrarian development were not constructed with counties like Lancashire in mind. This thesis, therefore, offers a geographical corrective to the existing literature. Not surprisingly, the models are found wanting, and patterns of agrarian and agricultural developments in Lancashire follow a different path to arable counties in the English Midlands and East Anglia. Yet, agriculture in Lancashire did not stagnate and farmers and landlords were enclosing and improving land from at least the middle of the seventeenth century in a bid to increase productivity. However, change was much more pronounced from the last third of the eighteenth century, when population growth, industrial expansion, increasing market demand for food and the development of the transport infrastructure offered new opportunities to farmers. They responded in a way which suited the local economic and social setting. In terms of farm size, labour structure and land use, the farmers of south-west Lancashire fell outside contemporary (and subsequent) perceptions of best practice. Lancashire developed a highly specialised and productive agricultural system that was not predicated upon conventional agrarian capitalism and avoided many of the negative outcomes of the processes of agricultural revolution.
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Brokensha, Steven. "Psychosocial discourse and the "new" reproductive technologies : a critical analysis." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14320.
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Bibliography: leaves 47-53.The "new" reproductive technologies (NRTs) have gathered substantial momentum in recent years. 'Psychological' discourse on these techniques has tended towards uncritical preoccupation with intra-individual, constitutional factors, and has ignored the sociocultural, political and economic contexts of these practices. Within an inter-disciplinary, social-constructionist framework, this study presents a feminist critique of the NRTs in which they are argued to be biopsychosocially noxious to women. Modern biomedicine's appropriation and ownership of infertility as "disease" is argued to be consistent with the agendas of capitalism and patriarchy. Results of fieldwork within a particular medical setting are presented to develop a hermeneutic of the discursive interface between medical gatekeepers and the applicant 'patients' with whom they negotiate treatment. In a concluding section a dominant theme in gatekeepers' talk, "the well-being of the child", is ideologically analyzed; women-centered strategies are briefly discussed; and implications for the interface between psychology and reproductive technology are drawn.
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Loureiro-Koechlin, Cecilia. "Human and social aspects of software development for complex organisations : an online ethnography of software developers." Thesis, University of Hull, 2006. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:5667.
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This thesis addresses the problem of human and social issues that affect software development. It is situated within the field of Information Systems and focuses on the processes of software production used within complex organisational processes: particularly decision-making, collaboration and workflow. Human and social issues are problems and situations caused by the members of the target organisations, software developers, and the dynamics of their working and social interactions. The objective of this thesis is to identify these human and social issues and see how they affect software developers' work. The methodological approach adopted here, is designed from the interpretive point of view. This study takes the perspective of software developers as they possess practical knowledge of complex business settings and current software development practices. Online ethnography is the chosen method that allows this investigation access to virtual communities in which software developers work and exchange experiences. The design of this thesis is as follows: 1. Online data is collected which reflect software developers' beliefs about their work and their target organisations. 2. Data categories are created which show a picture of the current state of affairs in software development. 3. An interpretive theory building strategy is used to create a model of software development based on data categories. The final outcome of this thesis is developed as a complement to Orlikowski's (2000) structurational model of enactment of technologies-in-practice and takes the form of a descriptive, theory based model. This model contributes to the deeper understanding of software development issues. It presents human and social issues that affect the production of software within three different contexts: software development environment, software development practices and complex business organisations. The model generated in this thesis also suggests that software developers' perceptions of human and social issues in complex business organisations are influenced by the developers' background knowledge and experience.
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Lo, Yuk-ping, and 盧鈺苹. "The securitisation of HIV/AIDS: China and India." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B4832968X.
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Securitisation theory has made significant contributions to security studies. However, the theory is not without theoretical and empirical shortcomings. Notably, a lack of operationalisation and differentiation has led to a binary classification of results as either ‘securitised or not’. In addition, the presence of Euro-centric assumptions has weakened the theory’s applicability in non-Western contexts.
This thesis develops a new framework featuring a typology with eight branches of securitisation. The thesis then uses that framework to study HIV/AIDS securitisation in two Asian countries: China and India.
The process of HIV/AIDS securitisation in both countries is illustrated chronologically. Following the international HIV/AIDS securitisation obtained in 2000, the study shows that HIV/AIDS has been fully securitised by both national governments since 2004. However, the Chinese government addressed HIV/AIDS through a stand-alone programme, whereas India’s national HIV/AIDS programme was integrated into its primary health care system.
Six cities were included in the detailed empirical analysis: Beijing, Shanghai, and Kunming in China, and New Delhi, Mumbai, and Imphal in India. Semi-structured interviews were conducted amongst 62 individuals working in HIV/AIDS-related non-governmental organisations, and 10 officials working in government agencies. Chinese respondents were receptive to framing the threat and handling of HIV/AIDS, yet many grassroots organizations lacked opportunities to participate in the national HIV/AIDS programme. In contrast, such groups were strongly involved in national HIV/AIDS interventions; however, Indian government efforts in fully securitising HIV/AIDS were largely faded out.
The thesis therefore responds to the major theoretical and empirical shortcomings identified by security scholars. The thesis also advances the existing knowledge of security studies in general, and HIV/AIDS securitisation processes in the non-Western world in particular.published_or_final_version
Humanities and Social Sciences
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
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Shah, Krina R. "Office place : the human side of an organization." Virtual Press, 2007. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1371192.
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Today, most of us work and many of us are full-time employees. Millions of people spend the majority of their time at an office place working with other people, often in a group working with other groups. We can sense that the office is a site where we connect with others.It seems fairly obvious that when designing any office place, the need for social interaction should always be considered. Still, the contribution of the office environment to any office worker's social life is often overlooked or unobserved. The central question posed by this thesis is: Can an office place be more responsive to the social needs of humans?To address this question, the first portion of this thesis documents the need for social interaction in our everyday life and its benefits for individuals as well as the community. The second portion interprets photographs taken outside and inside conventional office environments in Indianapolis, Indiana; the photo galleries reveal the behavior of regular people around and in the work place. Three cases studies are then offered; the cases provide insights into design and the participatory processes central tosocialization. To conclude, design recommendations are offered that will better connect people to other people in the office place.This work is based on personal observations along with readings done in related subject matter as observed by social psychologists, philosophers, architects, and designers. Research conducted in the field of management provides an additional line of inquiry and its own perspectives.Department of Architecture
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Poon, Martha A. "Of molecules & networks : tracing the connection between the distribution of samples, the production of genetic maps and the valuation of DNA in human genetics research." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=29404.
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This thesis takes the DNA molecule and its circulation between scientific researchers as an object of analysis. The study's objective was to investigate the techno-social mechanisms through which certain individual's genetic materials are imputed with research value. Two cases, representing two contrasting kinds of circulation practices, are presented. In the first, DNA samples from families diagnosed with hereditary disorders, which allow researchers a shot at the all-or-nothing game of finding genes, are a protected resource. In the second, the DNA reference panel of the CEPH (Centre d'Etude du Polymorphisme Humain), made up of samples from large multi-generation families, is a widely distributed public resource. The CEPH panel was originally intended for use in genome mapping, but more recently has acted as a technology that aids in the innovation of new techniques and theories. It is argued that the difference in utility (limited or flexible) between these two types of DNA (privately or publicly held) is not found in any inherent property of the samples themselves but rather derives from the extent of the molecule's network of circulation.
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Downes, Daniel M. "Interactive realism : a study in the metaphors, models, and poetics of Cyberspace." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0001/NQ44414.pdf.
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Oehler, Margaret E. "My Best Friend: A Closer Look at Relationships with Companion Animals." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2005. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/OehlerME2005.pdf.
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Mauriell, Ana Paula Ornellas. "Combate a pobreza e desenvolvimento humano : impasses teoricos na construção da politica social na atualidade." [s.n.], 2008. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/281025.
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Orientador: Valeriano Mendes F. CostaTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas
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Resumo: A tese apresenta uma análise sobre os fundamentos teóricos que orientam as políticas sociais, observando, em particular, o significado da centralidade do combate à pobreza na condução das prioridades da agenda social internacional contemporânea, sinalizando que condições materiais e simbólicas plasmaram a transformação do estatuto teórico da questão social e suas formas de enfrentamento, afirmando uma inflexão no sentido da análise que passou a priorizar, teórica e metodologicamente, um foco predominantemente individualista de pensar o social. Um dos objetivos principais do trabalho é demonstrar que houve uma recondução da lógica que inspira a construção das políticas sociais, ressaltando como conflitos de valores, que reaparecem nos debates sobre pobreza e como combatê-la, fornecem elementos essenciais à compreensão das mudanças de sentido e funcionalidade das políticas sociais na atualidade. Para compor o referencial teórico, partiu-se de uma discussão sobre a natureza do alívio da pobreza e suas funções econômicas, políticas e ideológicas desde o início da formação do mercado capitalista de trabalho, contrapondo-se a uma caracterização da origem e desenvolvimento das políticas sociais, cujos valores e funções diferem dos limitados esquemas de alívio da pobreza. Atenção especial é dada ao pensamento anglo-saxão sobre pobreza, particularmente na tradição liberal norte-americana de política social. As transformações recentes das políticas sociais e as reformas nos esquemas de proteção social aparecem como parte de um movimento mais amplo da realidade, situadas a partir da configuração de uma nova ordem econômica global sob a égide de um padrão de relações internacionais pós Guerra Fria, que apresentam um determinismo econômico renovado com a naturalização da globalização, diante de uma nova caracterização dos sujeitos políticos envolvidos (estados, organismos internacionais, corporações financeiras, etc.), que assumiram novos papéis e dialogam de forma redimensionada. O Banco Mundial aparece como referência nuclear à demonstração de como teorias sobre desenvolvimento econômico e social ganharam terreno institucional internacional, enfatizando-lhe o papel intelectual e simbólico especialmente no que se refere ao ajuste estrutural e ao combate à pobreza. Outro objetivo central da tese é exibir as principais fontes teóricas que constituem o mosaico da nova configuração ideológica hegemônica liberal que justifica e acompanha a ordem global contemporânea, exposto na segunda parte do trabalho. Para tal, há um capítulo dedicado a Amartya Sen, principal fonte teórica que fundamenta a recondução da política social em direção ao alívio da pobreza
Abstract: The thesis presents an analysis about theoretical foundations which guide social policies, observing, particularly, the meaning of poverty combat centrality on the conduction of priorities in contemporary social international agenda, signalizing which symbolic and material conditions instruct the transformation of social question theoretical status and its opposition forms, affirming an inflexion on analysis sense which start to privilege theoretical and methodologically a individualistic way of thinking social reality. One of the main objectives of this work is to show that happened changes in logic direction which inspires social policy construction, emphasizing how values conflicts which appears in nowadays poverty debates and how to fight it provides essential elements to comprehend changes in present social policies functionality and sense. The theoretical basis start with a discussion about the nature of poverty relief and its economic, political and ideological functions since the beginning of capitalist work market formation, which shows up faced with a description of social policy origin and development, which values and functions are quite different criterion of limited poverty relief arrangements. Special attention is given to Anglo-Saxon thought, particularly American social policy liberal tradition. Social policies recent transformations and social protection reforms appears as part of a larger movement in social reality located through a new global economic order and new post Cold War international relations pattern, which presents a renewed economic determination with globalization naturalization in front of political actors new positions (states, international organisms, financial corporations, etc.) who adopted new forms to play the part of an dialogue in international arena. World Bank shows up as a nuclear reference to demonstrate how economic and social development theories spread through international institutionallity, emphasizing its intellectual and symbolic activities, especially about structural adjustment and poverty combat. Another central thesis objective is to exhibit principal theories foundations which constitute the mosaic of the new liberal ideological hegemonic configuration which justifies and accompanies contemporary global order, what is subjected in the second part if this work. Because of that, there is a chapter dedicated to Amartya Sen, considered main theoretical source which lead back social policy into poverty relief
Doutorado
Doutor em Ciências Sociais
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Sandow, Erika. "On the road : Social aspects of commuting long distances to work." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Kulturgeografiska institutionen, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-43674.
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With its point of departure of increasing numbers of people being engaged in commuting, the aim of this thesis is to reveal prerequisites for and consequences of long-distance commuting in Sweden for the individual and his or her partner. Special attention has been given to prerequisites for long-distance commuting in sparsely populated areas, and to social consequences related to long-distance commuting in terms of gender differences in commuting patterns, earnings and separation. The thesis is based on four empirical studies, presented in different papers. Two studies draw on individual longitudinal register data on all Swedish long-distance commuters living with a partner. The other two focus on commuting behaviour in sparsely populated areas, one based on individual register data and the other on a survey. Long-distance commuting (>30 kilometres) has become an increasingly common mobility strategy among Swedish workers and their households. Results from the thesis show that 11 percent of Swedish workers are long-distance commuters and about half of them live in a relationship. Among these couples many are families with children, indicating the importance of social ties in households’ decisions on where to work and live. Most long-distance commuters are men, and it is also likely that long-distance commuters have a high education level and are employed in the private sector. For the majority, long-distance commuting gives higher earnings; however, men benefit economically more than women do. As long-distance commuting reduces available family time, the non-commuting spouse often takes on a larger share of household commitments. The thesis shows that men’s long-distance commuting may therefore serve to reproduce and reinforce traditional gender roles on the labour market and within households. On the other hand, women’s long-distance commuting can lead to more equalitarian relationships on the labour market and within households. For the majority of couples it seems as if long-distance commuting becomes more than a temporary mobility strategy, while for some couples it does not work out very well. Separation rates are found to be higher among long-distance commuters compared to other couples; especially the first years of commuting seem to be the most challenging. It is suggested that coping strategies are important to make the consequences of long-distance commuting easier to handle and adjust to in the daily life puzzle. For those unable to handle these consequences, long-distance commuting is not a sustainable mobility strategy and can even end a relationship. The extent of long-distance commuting is low in sparsely populated areas, and those who do long-distance commute are mainly men. Most people work and live within the same locality and do not accept longer commuting times than do those in densely populated areas. In this thesis it is argued that facilitating car commuting in the more sparsely populated areas of Sweden can be more economically and socially sustainable, for the individual commuters as well as for society, than encouraging commuting by public transportation.
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Wauters, Brennan Murray. "Four orders of human subjectivity as determined by body technique, technology, and objectification." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0005/MQ43973.pdf.
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Wagner, Alan Richard. "The role of trust and relationships in human-robot social interaction." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/31776.
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Thesis (Ph.D)--Computing, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010.Committee Chair: Arkin, Ronald C.; Committee Member: Christensen, Henrik I.; Committee Member: Fisk, Arthur D.; Committee Member: Ram, Ashwin; Committee Member: Thomaz, Andrea. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.
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Tanko, Peter B. "ENHANCEMENT OF HUMAN DIGNITY IN A GLOBALIZED WORLD: ASPECTS OF THE SOCIAL TEACHINGS OF THE CATHOLIC CHURCH." Bulletin of Ecumenical Theology, 2004. http://digital.library.duq.edu/u?/bet,2562.
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Ryan, John. "A uses and gratifications study of the Internet social interaction site LambdaMOO : talking with "Dinos"." Virtual Press, 1995. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/958777.
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One approach to studying media is uses and gratifications, a model that suggests media audiences can explain why and for what purpose they use the media. This study took a Uses and Gratifications approach to the Internet social interaction site LambdaMOO. On LambdaMOO, users log on and create an alternate persona to interact with other users. Using a set of questions, 222 selected LambdaMOO users were asked about why they use LambdaMOO, their actions as an alternate persona and their opinions on LambdaMOO. Answers from the subjects were content analyzed to find commonality against several preselected categories and sub-categories. Upon analysis, the subjects were found to use LambdaMOO for talking to other users, "building" up the site through programming and surveying the current events and political movements on the site. Also, the subjects were determined not to act different from their real life actions and preceived attitudes, although the opportunity for freedom through anonymity was everpresent.Department of Journalism
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Zadeh, Sophie. "Thinking on fertile ground : a study of social representations of single mothers by sperm donation in the UK." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.708877.
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Tang, Shiu-wai, and 鄧紹偉. "Reproduction has never been natural: the social construction of reproduction in the age of new reproductivetechnologies." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31225202.
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Carael, M. "Population et santé en Afrique centrale: contribution à l'étude des déterminants sociaux de la fécondité et de l'infection au virus de l'immunodéficience humaine." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212882.
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Silva, Rafael Alves da. "A exaustão de Sisifo : gestão produtiva, trabalhador contemporaneo e novas formas de controle." [s.n.], 2008. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/278734.
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Orientador: Laymert Garcia dos SantosDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas
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Resumo: Ao analisar a atual configuração produtiva, temos um cenário em que as recentes tecnologias da informação associadas a novos métodos organizacionais possibilitam aumentar a produtividade, reduzindo o tempo de produção. Tal situação, longe de diminuir o desgaste no trabalho, permite a redução de postos e resulta na intensificação de trabalho para os que continuam trabalhando, ao mesmo tempo em que precariza sua condição. Contraditoriamente, as 'ferramentas¿ de gestão associadas ao toyotismo e à qualidade total, demandam uma participação e envolvimento do trabalhador diferentes de outros momentos, como por exemplo no auge do período fordista, aproveitando também os elementos cognitivos do ¿colaborador?, num discurso que fomenta a criatividade, a competição e a busca por melhorias. Assim, partindo da observação do ambiente produtivo, da análise de normas como a ISO 9000 e das técnicas correlatas, procuramos ultrapassar os muros da fábrica, buscando entender elementos que contribuíram para a formação dos tipos específicos de trabalhador e de sociedade que compõem tal quadro. Com a articulação entre toyotismo, neoliberalismo e teoria do capital humano, temos novas formas de controle, numa sociedade organizada sob a forma de empresa, composta de indivíduos que devem agir de forma 'empreendedora¿, investindo em si próprios, buscando atender aos ditames do mercado
Abstract: The analysis of the current configuration of production shows a picture in which most recent developments in information technology, associated with new organization methods, make it possible to improve productivity, while reducing production time. Instead of lowering work weariness, this situation has allowed downsizing, thus entailing the intensification of work for those who remain in work, and deteriorating their conditions. Contradictorily, management 'tools¿ associated with toyotism and total quality management demand higher participation and commitment by workers than in other moments such as the main period of fordism. Collaborators¿ cognitive elements are used in a discourse that stimulates creativity, competition, and the continuous search for improvement. Based on the observation of the productive environment and the analyses of standards, such as ISO 9000 and correlate techniques, this research aimed at going beyond the factory walls and understanding the elements that have contributed to constitute such types of worker and society. The combination of toyotism, neoliberalism, and the theory of human capital promotes new means of control in an enterprise-like society, constituted of individuals who must act as 'entrepreneurs¿, investing in themselves, in an effort to live up to market impositions
Mestrado
Sociologia
Mestre em Sociologia
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Maloney, Vance E. "Social climate, staffing theory, and satisfaction among members of different size churches." Virtual Press, 1989. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/558333.
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The purpose of this study was to assess the social climate of different size churches and the relationship between social climate, member satisfaction, and church size. This study has investigated the extent to which (1) church member satisfaction is affected by social climate and church size and (2) the extent to which social climate is affected by church size. The social climate is the unique "personality" of a setting that gives it clarity and coherence (Moos, 1974b). The data were collected at different size churches. The sample consisted of a random sample for each church of those who completed a "church satisfaction questionnaire," which included demographic information, and the Group Environment Scale (Moos, 1986). There were 50 respondents for each church included in the sample. The sample included 114 men and 136 women. One hundred seventy eight were married and 170 reported having children. Two hundred fourteen considered themselves a member of their church.Previous research indicates satisfaction is influenced by both a setting's social climate and its size. Social climate dimensions that seem to influence member satisfaction are "cohesion," "leader support," "task orientation," "autonomy," and "innovation." Staffing theory suggests that size is also related to satisfaction. Small settings are presumed to be "understaffed" and those in understaffed settings are likely to report more feelings of satisfaction.The results of this study indicated that churches characterized by greater perceived "cohesion," "leader support," "task orientation," and "innovation" tended to have members who were more satisfied. The linear composite of these variables was statistically significant (p < .05) and identified 43.89% of the variance of the satisfaction measure. Results suggest that understanding the church social climate is helpful in understanding its members. Implications of these results relevant for church leaders are discussed.Contrary to what was anticipated, size was not a predictor of church satisfaction. The failure of size to predict church satisfaction is discussed in terms of staffing theory (Wicker, 1979a).The fact that certain social climate dimensions are. related to church member satisfaction is encouraging and justifies further research in this area. Ideas warranted for further research are developed.Department of Counseling Psychology and Guidance Services
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Maruyama, Mika. "The Effects of Animals on Children's Development of Perspective-Taking Abilities." PDXScholar, 2010. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/159.
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Although attention to the effects of child-animal interactions on children's development has increased in the last three decades, developmental psychology has not attended to the importance of the effects of animals on children's development. There is a need to consider the possible impacts of animals as significant social partners for children's socioemotional development. The current study, through survey questionnaires and interview methods, investigated whether interacting with animals, especially when children have responsibilities for the welfare of pets and perhaps have formed strong attachments with pets, will promote children's socio-emotional development, specifically their abilities to take the perspective of others. Sixty-five students who attended the local humane society's summer camp program, and students who participated in a monthly humane education program as part of their after school program were invited to participate in the study. All participants completed seven surveys and one telephone or face-to-face interview that were designed to measure their attitudes toward animals and humans, as well as their abilities to take the perspective of others. A linear regression analysis, Chi-Square test, and correlation coefficient test were conducted to assess the quality of interaction with pets on children's humane attitudes toward animals and humans, empathy, as well as their perspective taking abilities. It was found that students who showed stronger attachment toward their pets showed more humane attitudes toward animals and toward humans than students who showed weaker attachment toward their pets. Additionally, it was found that students who showed stronger attachment with their pets had higher levels of social cognitive development (i.e., perspective taking abilities) than students who showed weaker attachment with their pets. Also, significant correlations among variables, such as students' knowledge of animal care, attitudes toward animals and humans, attachment with pets, perspective taking abilities, were found. Lastly, students whose parents show more effective guidance on pet care have more advanced skills of thinking and solving problems in flexible manner than students who do not receive any or less guidance on pet care at home. Findings from the current study suggest the importance of humane education programs as well as effective parental guidance in pet care at home to promote students' knowledge of animal care and humane attitudes toward animals, which influence students' ability to take perspective of others. Promoting such knowledge and attitudes of children may help to promote their empathy and ability to take perspective of others. Having such abilities will alternately help children to have high interpersonal skills, which is a key to have a more successful life in society.
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Fiello, Cynthia Ann. "An examination of pet ownership among elderly caregivers and how it contributes to their well-being." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2002. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2063.
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As the older population increases, there is a need for increased support for caregivers most of them older themselves. Owning a pet may providesome of this support. This study looked at caregivers age 55 and older of brain-impaired adults and examined whether or not the social support provided by pets during the caregiving time contributes to their well-being.
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Fok, Oi-ming, and 霍靄明. "Representation of effects of social exclusion in children's house-tree-person and human figure drawing tests." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45589021.
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Martignoni, Luciano. "Lazer no assentamento rural oito de junho: análise a partir da multifuncionalidade da agricultura." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2013. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/480.
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O lazer tem sido apontado como um fenômeno relevante na análise do novo rural, entendido como um lugar para viver e não somente um lugar para a produção primária. Nesse sentido o objetivo principal neste trabalho foi analisar o lazer no Assentamento Rural 8 de Junho, tendo como referência a reprodução socioeconômica das famílias rurais, a manutenção do tecido social e cultural e a preservação dos recursos naturais e da paisagem rural. Inicialmente a construção dessa pesquisa foi marcada por um aspecto importante, a partir do vínculo com a orientadora, três trabalhos optaram por um espaço comum de pesquisa os assentamentos rurais oriundos do Movimento dos Sem Terra (MST), esse aspecto permitiu a troca de informações e a construção de um instrumento de coleta de dados compartilhado entre esta e uma das outras duas pesquisas, pelo fato de ambas utilizarem o mesmo espaço. Embasado teoricamente na perspectiva sociológica de reconstrução do rural, do lazer como elemento constituinte dessa perspectiva, bem como numa abordagem da multifuncionalidade da agricultura familiar, procurou-se, a partir dos dados empíricos, coletados a partir de formulário aplicado as famílias do assentamento e de entrevistas com lideranças e famílias, caracterizar o Assentamento 8 de Junho em relação a família, trabalho e produção, conhecer as relações históricas com o lazer nas famílias, identificar potencialidades para o lazer oriundas da cultura, da tradição e da interação com a natureza e apontar perspectivas para o lazer que possa congregar geração de trabalho e renda, interação e preservação ambiental e manutenção do tecido social. Neste cenário constatou-se uma riqueza cultural, social e ambiental expressiva no assentamento estudado, com destaque para a história de luta pela terra, o modo de produção familiar e para as riquezas naturais (cachoeiras, matas, pedreiras, etc.), onde o lazer desempenha um papel importante na sociabilidade da comunidade numa relação entre a tradição e a mudança, porém com relação às práticas de lazer em interação com a natureza e a paisagem percebeu-se um afastamento, principalmente das novas gerações. Com relação a geração de trabalho e renda o lazer ainda não foi considerado na comunidade. Nesse sentido, a pesquisa aponta para a abordagem do turismo rural comunitário, pois ele pode agregar renda e lazer, dois elementos essenciais para a reprodução das famílias no assentamento, em interação com a natureza, paisagem, cultura e tradição local. Fortalece o lazer na comunidade, pois refere-se a oferta à sociedade apenas de práticas que fazem parte do cotidiano da comunidade, com equipamentos construídos pela comunidade. Sob esse olhar ele pode promover um resgate das atividades junto à natureza que estão em desuso ou ainda invisíveis para maioria dos assentados. Promove a interação entre saberes, o saber tradicional dos antigos em relação à pesca, à orientação à fauna e à flora, associado ao saber técnico e científico atuando na manutenção do tecido social e cultural. Pode ainda promover a distribuição dos dividendos baseada na equidade, de acordo com a prática de cooperação.Leisure has been pointed out as a relevant phenomenon in the analysis of new rural, and it is understood as a place to live and not just a place for primary production. In this sense, the main objective of this study was to analyze leisure in the 8 de Junho rural settlement, having as reference the socioeconomic reproduction of rural households, the maintenance of the social and cultural structure and preservation of natural resources and landscape in the countryside. Initially, the construction of this research was marked by an important aspect, which is the bond between the supervisor and three different researches which chose a common space - rural settlements from Movimento sem Terra (MST). This aspect led to the exchange of information and construction of a data collection instrument shared between this and one of the other two studies, because both used the same space. Theoretically based on the sociological perspective of reconstruction of the rural and the concept of leisure as a constituent element of this perspective and approach of multifunctionality of family agriculture, this research was developed through empiric data collected from questionnaires applied to the households of the settlement and interviews with leaders and families. It aims to characterize the Settlement June 8, regarding to family, work and production, knowing the historical relations between leisure and the families, identifying potential for leisure originated from the local culture/tradition and the interaction with nature, and also to point out perspectives for leisure that can bring together employment and income generation, and environmental preservation and interaction, maintaining the social structure. In this scenario, an expressive cultural, social and environmental wealth was found in the settlement, especially for the history of the struggle for land, the family mode of production and the natural resources (waterfalls, forests, quarries, etc.), where leisure plays an important role in the community sociability, in a relationship between tradition and change. However, as for the leisure practices in interaction with nature and the landscape, we perceived a gap, especially in the younger generation. Regarding the generation of jobs and income, leisure has not been considered in the community, in this sense, the research pointed to the prospect of community rural tourism, by providing culture/nature interaction, the strengthening of leisure and enabling the generation of jobs and income. In this sense, the research points to the approach of rural tourism community, as it can add income and leisure, two essential elements for the reproduction of families in the settlement, in interaction with nature, landscape, local culture and tradition. It strengthens leisure in the community, because it refers to only offering to society the practices that are part of everyday life of the community, with equipment built by the community. Under this view it can promote the reestablishment of activities in nature that are in disrepair or invisible to most of the settlers. It promotes interaction between different knowledge, such as traditional knowledge of the ancients in relation to fisheries, guidance fauna and flora associated with the technical knowledge and scientific working in the maintenance of social and cultural fabric. It can also promote the distribution of dividends based on equity, according to the practice of cooperation.
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Azevedo, Aline Fernandes de 1979. "Cartografias do corpo : metáforas contemporâneas da sutura e da cicatriz." [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/270661.
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Orientador: Eni de Lourdes Puccinelli OrlandiTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem
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Resumo: Esta tese tem por objetivo compreender os movimentos de sentido sobre/do corpo produzido em diferentes materialidades significantes, e que mantém relação com três práticas discursivas e corporais distintas, aqui teorizadas como tecnologias corporais: a dança, a medicalização do corpo e a tatuagem. Para tanto, priorizamos o espaço da festa rave como lugar de produção dessas práticas, sítio significante que abriga processos de identificação e individualização do sujeito contemporâneo, conforme a proposta de Pêcheux e Orlandi. Interessa-nos, pois, observar as formas de assujeitamento fabricadas na atualidade, em condições materiais e históricas específicas, tendo em vista a forma como o corpo se textualiza nas redes de sociabilidade da Internet. Partimos da suposição de que esse corpo ideologicamente marcado é também um corpo de desejo: lugar de falta, do possível. É pela/na falta que o sujeito se constitui em sujeito de desejo, é na tentativa de tamponá-la que ele tece para si sentidos inscritos em práticas capazes de metaforizar a falta em ser: nas discursividades analisadas, o movimento de sentidos compõe cartografias marcadas por suturas e cicatrizes. Essas metáforas do corpo, assim formuladas, possibilitam pensar as práticas ideológicas como profundamente paradoxais: é no furo, nos sentidos em fuga, que este trabalho dá a ver outros lugares de identificação, permitindo que a noção de resistência seja significada diferentemente
Abstract: The objective of this thesis is to understand the meaning of the movements on/of the body produced in significant different materiality and that keep the relationship between three different discourse and body practices, the dance, medication and tattoo. In order to do so we gave priority to the rave parties, where these are common practices, as a significant place that houses the identification and individualization processes of the contemporary subject according to the Pêcheux and Orlandi proposal. We are interested in observing the forms of subjection currently performed under specific historical and material conditions, aiming to understand how the body is contextualized in the social networks of the Internet. We started with the premise that this ideologically marked body is also a body of desire, a body that lacks a possible body. And it is for what lacks that the subject constituted him/herself in object of desire, and it is trying to disguise it that he/she builds meanings, written in practices that can metaphor the lack of being. In the analyzed discourse the movement of the meanings composes a cartography that is marked by sutures and scars. Formulated like this, these metaphors of the body make it possible to think the ideological practices as deeply paradoxical. It is in the puncture, in the meanings of escape, that this work makes it possible to see other identification places, allowing the notion of resistance to be differently diagnosed
Doutorado
Linguistica
Doutora em Linguística
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Wong, Yu-bon Nicholas, and 黃裕邦. "The pomobody: body parts, desire and fetishism." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2008. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B39707507.
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Griffey, Jack Alexander Fernall. "Human and non-human primate preferences for faces and facial attractiveness." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/3677.
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For humans and non-human primates (NHPs) the face represents a particularly important source of social information providing a means of conspecific recognition and cues to personal details including sex, age, and emotional state. The human face may also be fundamental in the transmission to conspecifics of other forms of socially relevant information including the display of facial traits associated with sexual attraction and mate choice. A wealth of experimental literature indicates that humans display robust preferences for certain facial traits associated with facial attractiveness including preferences for bilateral facial symmetry, facial averageness and sexually dimorphic faces and facial features. It is thought that these preferences have evolved via sexual selection, and may be adaptive, due to the role that these specific facial features play in reliably signalling to others the possession of heritable genetic quality or ‘good genes’. Therefore, from an evolutionary perspective, it is possible that certain facial preferences may represent an evolutionary adaptation for the selection of potential mate quality. However, despite similarities between human and NHP face processing and recognition abilities, the shared evolutionary history and social importance of faces to primates in general, and the potential importance of these preferences in the mate choice decisions of NHPs, very little research has investigated the extent to which NHPs display comparable preferences to humans for these specific facial traits. Consequently, the aim of the following thesis was to comparatively assess the general and more specific preferences that humans and NHPs display for faces and for traits associated with facial attractiveness. Data was compiled from preference studies examining the visual preferences displayed by two species of NHP (brown capuchins (Cebus apella) and chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)) for conspecific faces manipulated for those facial traits associated with attractiveness, and from a single study of brown capuchins examining their general visual preferences for various types of facial information. Comparative preference studies were also conducted upon human adults and infants examining the visual and declared preferences that they display for manipulations of facial attractiveness. Data showed that despite possessing general preferences for certain faces and facial information, generally NHPs displayed no significant preferences for those facial traits thought to influences judgements of attractiveness in humans. Possible reasons for this absence of preference for these particular facial traits and the evolutionary implications of these findings are discussed.
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Klindworth, Kristin Frederike. "Femininity (re-) constructed : Turkish women's negotiations between culture, space and the body." Thesis, University of Northampton, 2012. http://nectar.northampton.ac.uk/8867/.
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Misri, Anita P. "A feminist interpretation of the implications and consequences of new reproductive technologies /." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=28032.
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The development of pre-conception and post-conception reproductive technologies has substantial implications and consequences for women. To better establish the impact of the eugenic and sexist traditions which support the elimination of disability/defect and the propagation of "designer babies," a survey of literature outlining the scientific, feminist, legal, cultural, and social perspectives regarding new reproductive technologies was undertaken. Three conclusions of this review are that while new reproductive technologies are not responsible for the environment which fosters bias and intolerance towards oppressed members of society, they have created eugenic demands by supporting genetic perfection; they have informally displaced women's rights to bodily autonomy in favour of the fetus' or potential future person's rights by supporting fetal personhood; and they have perpetuated sexism within the Indian community in Canada by supporting patriarchal institutions.
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Bukamur, Said Mohamed 1948. "DESIGN GUIDELINES FOR HOUSING IN LIBYA BASED ON CLIMATIC AND SOCIAL CRITERIA." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/275300.
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Kasper, Christian Pierre. "Habitar a rua." [s.n.], 2006. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/280488.
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Orientador: Laymert Garcia dos SantosTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas
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Resumo: Esta tese apresenta um estudo da cultura material de moradores de rua na cidade de São Paulo sob uma dupla perspectiva: do habitar, enquanto modo de ocupação do espaço, criação de territórios e de uma tecnologia como forma ativa de relação com o meio urbano, caracterizada como bricolagem. O ponto de vista adotado encara os modos de existência dos moradores de rua como formas de vida possíveis, e não em termos de carência, remetida a uma suposta normalidade. Tomando o estado de constante exposição de si como traço distintivo da condição de quem mora nas ruas, seu enfoque está nas táticas mobilizadas para tornar a rua habitável, táticas que envolvem o questionamento prático das funcionalidades estabelecidas, tanto dos locais públicos ocupados quanto dos materiais descartados encontrados nas ruas da cidade
Abstract: This thesis presents a study of the material culture of homeless people in the city of São Paulo, following a double perspective: of dwelling, as a mode of space occupation and creation of territories, and of a technology, as an active form of relation to the urban milieu, characterized as bricolage. The point of view adopted contemplates the modes of existence of the street dwellers as possible forms of life, and not in terms of lack, refered to a supposed normality. Taking the state of constant self-exposure as the distinctive trait of the homeless condition, it focus on the tactics mobilized to make the street inhabitable, tactics which envolve the practical questioning of the functionality of both the occupied public places and the descarted materials found in the city¿s streets
Doutorado
Ciencias Sociais
Doutor em Ciências Sociais
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Yoda, Otoe. "Human capital selectivity, human capital investment, and school to work transition of those from immigrant backgrounds." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.669814.
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Godley, Donnae-Maree. "Dasein online! a study of the experience of flow in the virtual playground." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002492.
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The purpose of this study was twofold. First, it aimed to present and understand the experiences of online gamers from the paradigm of positive psychology. To achieve this, the phenomenon of flow was investigated to see whether or not, it is experienced whilst gaming online and if present, how it is revealed in this context. The second purpose was to contribute to theory building and to respond to extant research recommendations. Aligned with a qualitative orientation, the method selected to achieve the objectives of the study was interpretative phenomenological analysis. A sample of four participants who met the criteria for inclusion in the research were selected and interviewed using semi-structured interviews. Data was analysed and interpreted inductively and categorised into superordinate themes. These were presented as two sections: Section A explored the experience and meaning of online gaming through the following three superordinate themes; intention, pre-gaming rituals and gaming process. Section B discussed the social experience and meaning of gaming online through the superordinate theme, a gamers way. This study both challenged and supported theory and research in the field and introduced novel areas, such as pregaming rituals and the subthemes; marijuana and gaming space. This is a notable and promising "side effect" of a research design that is exploratory. Findings called for future multi-disciplinary research into flow, gaming and online relationships considering Csikszentimaihalyi‟s concept of autotelic relationships and Heideggers‟ philosophical framework.
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Chen, Yiwei. "Age differences in stages of attributional processing." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/28648.
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Fernandes, Nelson. "Trippin' the body electric : towards a discourse on a tecnological body-subculture : the case of rave." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=33892.
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This thesis is an analysis as to whether or not Subcultural Theory may be utilized to understand how self-identification is configured within a subculture such as rave. Typically, subcultural membership requires various performative rites that express and maintain a group sensibility and identity. Rave, however, is a subculture that involves a relationship to space and technology that changes the nature of group affiliation within the subculture. This thesis focuses on how a body immersed in subcultural practices, and organized around varying technologies, must look toward an analysis of individual and subjective adaptations of those technologies. In essence, rave allows for identification that is shaped and altered by the participant, but only at each moment of interaction with the technologies of the club. Highly individualistic, dynamic, and technology-driven, the rave subculture offers the potential to examine the body as the site for identification, and escape, within an abstracting technological world.