Academic literature on the topic 'Human – Social aspects'

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Journal articles on the topic "Human – Social aspects"

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Bredikhin, Sergei S. "Human in labor. Social and anthropological aspects." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta, no. 391 (February 1, 2015): 64–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/15617793/391/10.

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Moussa, Ghada. "Gender aspects of human security." International Social Science Journal 59 (September 2008): 81–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2451.2008.00633.x.

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Bagrow, James P., and Yu-Ru Lin. "Mesoscopic Structure and Social Aspects of Human Mobility." PLoS ONE 7, no. 5 (May 31, 2012): e37676. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0037676.

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Eaton, William W., and Glynn Harrison. "Epidemiology and social aspects of the human envirome." Current Opinion in Psychiatry 11, no. 2 (March 1998): 165–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001504-199803000-00009.

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Hoy-Gerlach, Janet, Martha Delgado, Heather Sloane, and Phil Arkow. "Rediscovering connections between animal welfare and human welfare: Creating social work internships at a humane society." Journal of Social Work 19, no. 2 (March 2, 2018): 216–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468017318760775.

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Summary Within a narrative of how two distinct graduate social work internship placements at a humane society were structured and implemented, we address: (1) historic and contemporary rationales for social work roles in humane society settings, (2) development of social work field placements in a humane society, and (3) specific social work learning opportunities afforded. Findings The first petition for removal of a child due to abuse in the United States occurred in 1874 through efforts of the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals director. While child protection services have evolved since then, numerous aspects of human–animal interaction are relevant to social work: social support roles of animals, connections between violence toward animals and violence toward humans, therapeutic benefits of animals, companion animal loss, and compassion fatigue among animal shelter and veterinary staff. Encompassing such HAI aspects, we describe the development of two distinct internship placements at a humane society. One placement entailed a twofold focus on: reduction of staff compassion fatigue and development of an Emotional Support Animal placement program (the Hope and Recovery Pet Program); the other placement focused on aspects of the connection between violence toward animals and violence toward people. Applications Aspects of these social work placements can be modified and replicated in humane societies and related settings. Increased awareness of the potential relevance of human–animal interaction across social work practice settings allows for explicit identification of/response to clients’ human–animal interaction-related strengths and concerns, ultimately supporting the well-being of both humans and animals.
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Vilks, Andrejs. "Price of human life: Medical, legal and social aspects." SHS Web of Conferences 51 (2018): 01016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20185101016.

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The author of the article turns attention to the phenomenon of human life, recognizing it as the value which is hard and complicated to define. The price of a human life comprises philosophical, political, sociological and legal issues. From the legal and philosophical aspect the price of a human life is practically impossible to determine, since it is worth the highest price. Determination of the price of human life means admitting that a human is the measure of value in a certain community under appropriate socially economic conditions. Different approaches and methodologies are applied in determination of a materialized price of a human life, therefore the rating of the price is varied. In determining the price of a human life, the legal aspect is important, since it deals with the fixation of the amount of compensations in cases of an individual's loss of life and calculations of the insurance costs.
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Udías, Agustín. "Human aspects of earthquakes." Metascience 23, no. 2 (July 6, 2013): 323–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11016-013-9837-8.

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Foulkes, Mary. "Social Contexts, Social Media, and Human Subjects Research." American Journal of Bioethics 11, no. 5 (April 29, 2011): 35–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15265161.2011.560358.

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Bogdanoska Jovanovska, Mimoza, and Tatjana Ivanović. "INDIVIDUAL AND SOCIAL ASPECTS OF GLOBAL HUMAN RESOURCES STAFFING." Dynamic Relationships Management Journal 8, no. 1 (May 20, 2019): 55–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.17708/drmj.2019.v08n01a05.

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Boshkoska, Meri. "Social and economic aspects of the human security concept." Ekonomski horizonti 19, no. 1 (2017): 61–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/ekonhor1701061b.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Human – Social aspects"

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Heydenrych, Joan Ingrid. "Certain congenital anomalies : some psycho-social implications in adulthood." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/17157.

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Bibliography: pages 195-202.
This study is an investigation of some psycho-social implications in adulthood of being born with a congenital anomaly. The congenital anomalies - oesophageal atresia, Hirschsprung's disease and high anorectal malformations are surgically corrected at birth, but can be associated with residual problems. These problems could put patients at risk for psycho-social maladjustment. The three anomaly groups were seen to represent varying degrees of severity. The oesophageal atresia respondents represented the no to mild disability/residual problems group. Those who had Hirschsprung's disease represented the moderate disability/residual problem group. The high anorectal malformation respondents' represented the severe disability/residual problem group. The research hypothesis is that the severity of residual problems and psycho-social functioning will be directly proportional to each other, i.e. the more severe the handicap, the poorer the psycho-social functioning. A research study was conducted on 38 adult patients whose congenital anomalies were surgically corrected at The Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital. The research methods used were a descriptive survey method and a case-study method. The former involved three self-administered questionnaires. Information obtained concerned demographic, socio-economic, family background, medical and psycho-social problem data. An in-depth case-study was conducted with one respondent from each anomaly group. Information was obtained concerning the effect that residual problems had had on various aspects of patients' lives. Data was analysed descriptively. The findings of the study supported the research hypothesis, the medical prognosis and on the whole agreed with the literature. Severity of residual problems was found to be directly related to psycho-social functioning. Patients with severe disability/residual problems were experiencing the most psycho-social problems, those who had moderate disability/residual problems were found to have some psycho-social disability/residual problems, whereas those with mild disability/residual problems were found to have few or no psycho-social problems. Self-esteem, depression, interpersonal relationships and restricted social functioning were the psycho-social aspects found to be most affected by residual problems. The study revealed gaps in both medical and social work services for these patients in terms of ongoing follow-up services. Recommendation to improve these services have been proposed.
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Harris, Regina Gray. "Social emanations: Toward a sociology of human olfaction." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2007. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5170/.

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Within the discipline of sociology human olfaction is rich with social significance yet remains a poorly charted frontier. Therefore, the following discourse is aimed toward the development of a foundation for the sociological study of olfaction. It is formed by the dual goals of unearthing the social history of olfaction and of providing a viable sociological account of the manner in which smells affect human ontology. From these goals arise the following research questions: (1) Have the meaning and social relevance of odors and the olfactory sensorium changed throughout different periods of history?; (2) How have those in the lineage of eminent sociological thinkers addressed the phenomenon of human olfaction during these periods?; and (3) What is the process by which aromatic stimuli are transformed from simple chemical compounds, drifting in the atmosphere, into sensations in a sensory field and then on to perceived objects, to subjects of judgment and interpretation, and finally to bases of knowledge which form and continually reform individuals in the world? The weaving of the sociohistorical tapestry of smell is undertaken to provide examples from thousands of years lived experiences as to the fluid and sociologically complex nature of individuals' olfactory senses. This historical information is presented in a narrative format and is synthesized from data gleaned from books, advertisements, articles in popular non-scientific magazines, as well as from the findings of studies published in medical/neurological, psychological, anthropological, and sociological scholarly journals. Regarding theoretical aim of this discourse, insights are drawn from Maurice Merleau-Ponty's phenomenological theory of human perception for the generation of a framework for the sociological study of olfaction. Merleau-Ponty's theoretical notions are modified, modernized, and refitted to more specifically fit the subject of human olfaction and to include all that has been discovered about the biological specifics of olfactory perception since the time of his writing. Taken in sum, this effort is an access point to the understanding of how olfactory sensory perceptions flow toward the ontological unfolding of individuals.
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Johnson, Susan C. "Social, legal and ethical aspects of human genetic modification and selection." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.404051.

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Tse, Wai Shing. "The role of noradrenaline in different aspects of human social behaviour." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.272325.

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Joanne, Pirie. "Human Being Leader." Licentiate thesis, Handelshögskolan i Stockholm, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hhs:diva-2286.

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Piccolo, Lara Schibelsky Godoy 1977. "Motivational aspects in the design of technology for social changes = Aspectos motivacionais no design de tecnologia para mudanças sociais." [s.n.], 2015. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/275540.

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Orientador: Maria Cecília Calani Baranauskas
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Computação
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-26T21:24:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Piccolo_LaraSchibelskyGodoy_D.pdf: 12553498 bytes, checksum: 5ee94e1c70ca11d1475031685986a445 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015
Resumo: Conectando pessoas e presente em todos os aspectos da vida, quando projetadas para este fim, as tecnologias têm potencial de influenciar a forma com que pessoas em um grupo social percebem e se relacionam com as coisas no ambiente. Este estudo de doutorado em Interação Humano-Computador (IHC) investiga como elementos motivacionais da Psicologia podem ser aplicados para informar o design, explo- rando esse potencial da tecnologia em promover mudanças sociais. O estudo é instanciado no domínio de consumo de energia elétrica, lidando com o desafio contemporâneo de cons- cientizar a sociedade dos limites naturais do planeta no que diz respeito ao uso de recursos naturais. Informar o design com aspectos motivacionais é uma abordagem recente em IHC. Quando encontrada na literatura, comumente tem foco em aspectos individuais e intrín- secos da motivação. Contudo, como argumentado nessa pesquisa, o contexto sociocultural evidencia a importância de considerar também os fatores externos que motivam as pessoas a se engajarem com uma tecnologia e com uma determinada questão social. Por considerar tanto fontes intrínsecas quanto extrínsecas de motivação, a Teoria da Autodeterminação é então considerada o principal referencial teórico da Psicologia nessa investigação, e a Semiótica Organizacional é a base metodológica para analisar os elemen- tos socioculturais que influenciam a motivação extrínseca. A análise situada dos dados socioculturais por uma perspectiva motivacional levou ao design da Tecnologia Socialmente Informada para Eco-Feedback de Energia (sigla SEET, em inglês), uma arquitetura que tem por objetivo estabelecer um novo padrão de com- portamento, ou uma nova maneira de perceber o consumo de energia coletivamente. O SEET é composto por um sistema interativo que promove colaboração, e pela Árvore da Energia, um dispositivo de feedback tangível para locais onde há encontro de pessoas. O SEET é avaliado em dois cenários complementares: uma Escola de Ensino Funda- mental no Brasil, onde os dados socioculturais foram coletados, analisados e aplicados para informar o design; e no contexto de um departamento de uma universidade no Reino Unido. Aspectos motivacionais da arquitetura do SEET são então analisadas, assim como o impacto dessa tecnologia ao desencadear as esperadas mudanças sociais
Abstract: By connecting people and being present in almost all aspects of life, when properly de- signed for that, technology can potentially influence the way people in a social group perceive and relate with things in their environment. This PhD study in the Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) field investigates how motivational elements from Psychology can be applied to inform the design aiming at exploring this potential of technology for promoting a social change. The study is in- stantiated in the energy consumption domain, coping with the contemporary challenge of raising awareness among the society of the planet¿s natural resources usage and limits. Informing the design with motivational aspects is a recent approach in HCI. When found in literature, it is mostly focused on individual and intrinsic aspects of motivation. However, as argued in this research, the sociocultural context evidences the importance of considering also the external factors that motivate people to be engaged with technology and the social issue. By taking into account both intrinsic and extrinsic sources of motivation, the Self- Determination Theory is then considered the main theoretical background from Psychol- ogy in this investigation, and the Organisational Semiotics the methodological basis to analyse sociocultural elements that influence extrinsic motivation. The situated analysis of sociocultural data with motivational lenses has led to the de- sign of a Socially-informed Energy Eco-feedback Technology (SEET), an architecture that aims at establishing a "new pattern of behaviour", or a new way of perceiving collective energy consumption. The SEET is composed by an interactive system that promotes collaboration and The Energy Tree, a tangible and public feedback device for gathering places. The SEET is evaluated in two complementary scenarios: an elementary school in Brazil, where the sociocultural data was collected, analysed and applied to inform design; and in the context of an university department in the United Kingdom. Motivational as- pects of the SEET architecture are then analysed, as well as the impact of this technology to trigger the desired social change
Doutorado
Ciência da Computação
Doutora em Ciência da Computação
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Park, Sung Jun. "Social responses to virtual humans the effect of human-like characteristics /." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/29601.

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Thesis (Ph.D)--Psychology, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010.
Committee Chair: Richard Catrambone; Committee Member: Gregory Corso; Committee Member: Jack Feldman; Committee Member: John T. Stasko; Committee Member: Wendy A. Rogers. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.
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Björkman, Barbro. "Ethical aspects of owning human biological material." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Philosophy and History of Technology, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-610.

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Zhang, Huiqi. "Socioscope: Human Relationship and Behavior Analysis in Mobile Social Networks." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2010. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc30533/.

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The widely used mobile phone, as well as its related technologies had opened opportunities for a complete change on how people interact and build relationship across geographic and time considerations. The convenience of instant communication by mobile phones that broke the barrier of space and time is evidently the key motivational point on why such technologies so important in people's life and daily activities. Mobile phones have become the most popular communication tools. Mobile phone technology is apparently changing our relationship to each other in our work and lives. The impact of new technologies on people's lives in social spaces gives us the chance to rethink the possibilities of technologies in social interaction. Accordingly, mobile phones are basically changing social relations in ways that are intricate to measure with any precision. In this dissertation I propose a socioscope model for social network, relationship and human behavior analysis based on mobile phone call detail records. Because of the diversities and complexities of human social behavior, one technique cannot detect different features of human social behaviors. Therefore I use multiple probability and statistical methods for quantifying social groups, relationships and communication patterns, for predicting social tie strengths and for detecting human behavior changes and unusual consumption events. I propose a new reciprocity index to measure the level of reciprocity between users and their communication partners. The experimental results show that this approach is effective. Among other applications, this work is useful for homeland security, detection of unwanted calls (e.g., spam), telecommunication presence, and marketing. In my future work I plan to analyze and study the social network dynamics and evolution.
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Victorin, Karin. "Practically Human. : Performing Social Robots and Feminist Aspects on Agency, Body and Gender." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Tema Genus, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-158230.

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Through an experimental theatre play, this thesis explores the development of human-like agency in contemporary “social robot” technology. The entrance point of this study is the gender gap and lack of diversity in contemporary AI/robot development, with an emerging need for interdisciplinary research across robot technology and social sciences. Using feminist technoscience and critical posthumanism as the theoretical framework, this research involves an analysis of a particular social robot case, currently being developed at Furhat Robotics in Stockholm. Inspired by Judy Wajcman (2004), I analyze how socially intelligent machines impact perceptions of human agency, body, gender, and identity within cultural contexts and through interaction. The first part of the empirical research is carried out in the robot-lab. The robot is then, in the second part, invited to perform as an actor in a theatre play. Entangled amidst the other players and audience members, a queered agency starts to reveal itself through human-machine “intra-action” and embodiment (Barad 2003). Human-like agency in machines is shown to be a complex matter, drawing the conclusion that human-beings are vulnerable to a myriad of entanglements and preconceptions that artificial intelligence potentially embodies.
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Books on the topic "Human – Social aspects"

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Pratt, Mark. The Delphic Oracle: Aspects of human social functioning. Manchester: Department ofSocial Policy and Social Work, University of Manchester, 1992.

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Govier, Trudy. Social trust and human communities. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press, 1997.

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Social trust and human communities. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press, 1997.

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The human use of human beings: Cybernetics and society. New York, N.Y: Da Capo Press, 1988.

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The human use of human beings: Cybernetics and society. London: Free Association, 1989.

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1957-, Walker Janet, ed. Social work and human development. Exeter: Learning Matters, 2003.

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Technology and human fulfillment. Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 1985.

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Perkins, Gilman Charlotte. Human work. Lanham: AltaMira Press, 2005.

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K, Nakayama Thomas, and Martin Judith N, eds. Human communication in society. 2nd ed. Boston, MA: P earson Higher Education, 2010.

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Confronting death: Values, institutions, and human mortality. New York: Oxford University Press, 1996.

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Book chapters on the topic "Human – Social aspects"

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Zykov, Sergey V. "Social and Human Aspects of Crisis: The “Human Factors”." In IT Crisisology: Smart Crisis Management in Software Engineering, 111–42. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4435-8_4.

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Ferguson, Laura, William Jardell, and Sofia Gruskin. "Getting Real on U=U: Human Rights and Gender as Critical Frameworks for Action." In Social Aspects of HIV, 201–17. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-69819-5_15.

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Keller, Monika. "The Development of Intersubjectivity: Cognitive, Affective and Action Aspects." In Social Relations in Human and Societal Development, 32–50. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137400994_3.

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Mokobane, Ntsewa B., and Reinhardt A. Botha. "Does Ubuntu Influence Social Engineering Susceptibility?" In Human Aspects of Information Security and Assurance, 97–108. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57404-8_8.

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Allegro, Jacques, Henk Kruidenier, and Herman Steensma. "Aspects of Distributive and Procedural Justice in Quality of Working Life." In Social Justice in Human Relations, 99–116. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-2629-6_6.

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Perno, Jason, and Christian W. Probst. "Behavioural Profiling in Cyber-Social Systems." In Human Aspects of Information Security, Privacy and Trust, 507–17. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58460-7_35.

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Zimmer, Franziska, Kaja J. Fietkiewicz, and Wolfgang G. Stock. "Law Infringements in Social Live Streaming Services." In Human Aspects of Information Security, Privacy and Trust, 567–85. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58460-7_40.

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Kurosu, Masaaki, and Ayako Hashizume. "ERM-AT Applied to Social Aspects of Everyday Life." In Human-Computer Interaction. Theory, Methods and Tools, 280–90. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78462-1_21.

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Nakatsu, Ryohei. "Social Psychological and Artistic Aspects of the Human Interface." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 94–107. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-49247-x_7.

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Maciel, Cristiano, and Vinicius Carvalho Pereira. "Social Network Users’ Religiosity and the Design of Post Mortem Aspects." In Human-Computer Interaction – INTERACT 2013, 640–57. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40477-1_43.

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Conference papers on the topic "Human – Social aspects"

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Mura, Ladislav. "SOME ASPECTS OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT." In 2nd International Multidisciplinary Scientific Conference on Social Sciences and Arts SGEM2015. Stef92 Technology, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2015/b11/s2.111.

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Susskaya, Olga, and Alexandra Budanova. "Social aspects of human-computer interactions in the media." In CSIS'2019: XI INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE COMMUNICATIVE STRATEGIES OF THE INFORMATION SOCIETY. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3373722.3373788.

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Frolova, Elena A., and Veronika A. Malanina. "The Foundations of Human Pro-Social Behaviour: Some Economic Aspects." In II International Scientific Symposium on Lifelong Wellbeing in the World. Cognitive-crcs, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2016.02.54.

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Vasilescu, Bogdan. "Human aspects, gamification, and social media in collaborative software engineering." In ICSE '14: 36th International Conference on Software Engineering. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2591062.2591091.

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Steglich, Caio, Sabrina Marczak, Cleidson R. B. De Souza, Luiz Pedro Guerra, Luiz Henrique Mosmann, Fernando Figueira Filho, and Marcelo Perin. "Social Aspects and How They Influence MSECO Developers." In 2019 IEEE/ACM 12th International Workshop on Cooperative and Human Aspects of Software Engineering (CHASE). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/chase.2019.00032.

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Martie, Lee, and Andre van der Hoek. "Toward social-technical code search." In 2013 6th International Workshop on Cooperative and Human Aspects of Software Engineering (CHASE). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/chase.2013.6614741.

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Trainer, Erik H. "Connecting the social and technical aspects of computing with visualization." In 2008 IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages and Human-Centric Computing (VL/HCC). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/vlhcc.2008.4639107.

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Tsay, Jason, Laura Dabbish, and James D. Herbsleb. "Social media in transparent work environments." In 2013 6th International Workshop on Cooperative and Human Aspects of Software Engineering (CHASE). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/chase.2013.6614733.

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Li, Zicong. "Ethical Problems Concerning Human Augmentation Technology and Its Future Aspects." In 7th International Conference on Humanities and Social Science Research (ICHSSR 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210519.229.

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Milewska, Elzbieta. "SELECTED ASPECTS OF HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT BASED ON COMPETENCE MATRIX." In 5th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific Conferences on SOCIAL SCIENCES and ARTS SGEM2018. STEF92 Technology, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2018/1.5/s05.107.

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Reports on the topic "Human – Social aspects"

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Hotsur, Oksana. SOCIAL NETWORKS AND BLOGS AS TOOLS PR-CAMPAIGN IMPLEMENTATIONS. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2021.50.11110.

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The article deals with the ways in which social networks and the blogosphere influence the formation and implementation of a PR campaign. Examples from the political sphere (election campaigns, initiatives), business (TV brands, traditional and online media) have revealed the opportunities that Facebook, Telegram, Twitter, YouTube and blogs promote in promoting advertising, ideas, campaigns, thoughts, or products. Author blogs created on special websites or online media may not be as much of a tool in PR as an additional tool on social media. It is noted that choosing a blog as the main tool of PR campaign has both positive and negative points. Social networks intervene in the sphere of human life, become a means of communication, promotion, branding. The effectiveness of social networks has been evidenced by such historically significant events as Brexit, the Arab Spring, and the Revolution of Dignity. Special attention was paid to the 2019 presidential election. Based on the analysis of individual PR campaigns, the reasons for successful and unsuccessful campaigns from the point of view of network communication, which provide unlimited multimedia and interactive tools for PR, are highlighted. In fact, these concepts significantly affect the effectiveness of the implementation of PR-campaign, its final effectiveness, which is determined by the achievement of goals. Attention is drawn to the culture of communication during the PR campaign, as well as the concepts of “trolls”, “trolling”, “bots”, “botoin industry”. The social communication component of these concepts is unconditional. Choosing a blog as the main tool of a marketing campaign has both positive and negative aspects. Only a person with great creative potential can run and create a blog. In addition, it takes a long time. In fact, these two points are losing compared to other internet marketing tools. Further research is interesting in two respects. First, a comparison of the dynamics of the effectiveness of PR-campaign tools in Ukraine in 2020 and in the past, in particular, at the dawn of state independence. Secondly, to investigate how/or the concept of PR-campaigns in social networks and blogs is constantly changing.
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Barquet, Karina, Elin Leander, Jonathan Green, Heidi Tuhkanen, Vincent Omondi Odongo, Michael Boyland, Elizabeth Katja Fiertz, Maria Escobar, Mónica Trujillo, and Philip Osano. Spotlight on social equity, finance and scale: Promises and pitfalls of nature-based solutions. Stockholm Environment Institute, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51414/sei2021.011.

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Human activity has modified and deteriorated natural ecosystems in ways that reduce resilience and exacerbate environmental and climate problems. Physical measures to protect, manage and restore these ecosystems that also address societal challenges in sustainable ways and bring biodiversity benefits are sometimes referred to as “nature-based solutions” (NBS). For example, reducing deforestation and restoring forests is a major opportunity for climate mitigation, while protecting or restoring coastal habitats can mitigate damage to coastal areas from natural hazard events, in addition to potentially providing co-benefits related to livelihood, recreation, and biodiversity. There is now an impetus to shift towards greater deployment of nature-based solutions. Not only do they offer an alternative to conventional fossil fuel-based or hard infrastructure solutions but, if implemented correctly, they also hold great promise for achieving multiple goals, benefits and synergies. These include climate mitigation and resilience; nature and biodiversity protection; and economic and social gains. 2020 saw an explosion in publications about NBS, which have contributed to filling many of the knowledge gaps that existed around their effectiveness and factors for their success. These publications have also highlighted the knowledge gaps that remain and have revealed a lack of critical reflection on the social and economic sustainability aspects of NBS. Building on these gaps, we decided to launch this mini-series of four briefs to provoke a more nuanced discussion that highlights not only the potential benefits, but also the potential risks and trade-offs of NBS. The purpose is not to downplay the importance of NBS for biodiversity, ecosystems, and coastal mitigation and adaptation, but to ensure that we establish a dialogue about ways to overcome these challenges while leaving no one behind.
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Mushongera, Darlington, Prudence Kwenda, and Miracle Ntuli. An analysis of well-being in Gauteng province using the capability approach. Gauteng City-Region Observatory, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36634/2020.op.1.

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As countries across the globe pursue economic development, the improvement of individual and societal well-being has increasingly become an overarching goal. In the global South, in particular, high levels of poverty, inequality and deteriorating social fabrics remain significant challenges. Programmes and projects for addressing these challenges have had some, but limited, impact. This occasional paper analyses well-being in Gauteng province from a capability perspective, using a standard ‘capability approach’ consistent with Amartya Sen’s first conceptualisation, which was then operationalised by Martha Nussbaum. Earlier research on poverty and inequality in the Gauteng City-Region was mainly based on objective characteristics of well-being such as income, employment, housing and schooling. Using data from the Gauteng City-Region Observatory’s Quality of Life Survey IV for 2015/16, our capability approach provides a more holistic view of well-being by focusing on both objective and subjective aspects simultaneously. The results confirm the well-known heterogeneity in human conditions among South African demographic groups, namely that capability achievements vary across race, age, gender, income level and location. However, we observe broader (in both subjective and objective dimensions) levels of deprivation that are otherwise masked in the earlier studies. In light of these findings, the paper recommends that policies are directly targeted towards improving those capability indicators where historically disadvantaged and vulnerable groups show marked deprivation. In addition, given the spatial heterogeneities in capability achievements, we recommend localised interventions in capabilities that are lagging in certain areas of the province.
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Giraldo Vargas, Guillermo, Henry Hincapié López, and Nelson Augusto Serna Porras. Aspectos sociales para fomentar la permanencia en las instituciones de educación superior en ambientes virtuales de aprendizaje. Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia, October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.22490/ecacen.4266.

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Las acciones realizadas para propiciar la permanencia de los estudiantes en los programas de educación superior son muy variadas y van desde políticas definidas por el ministerio de educación nacional (men), hasta estrategias diseñadas por las instituciones de educación superior (ies). Lo que ocurre es que estas acciones en su mayoría se han orientado a facilitarle a los estudiantes, la mejor manera de superar la incidencia que tienen los factores económicos en la permanencia de sus estudios, y muy pocas se enfocan en aspectos considerados menores, pero que pueden llegar a contribuir en permanencia de los estudiantes, al valorar los talentos o hobbies con que cuentan los estudiantes. Por lo tanto, este documento de trabajo muestra la importancia que algunos factores sociales de la vida universitaria pueden llegar a tener en la permanencia de los estudiantes en sus programas académicos matriculados, lo cual no se aleja de lo que deben hacer las instituciones. Este trabajo es fruto de una investigación no experimental, descriptiva y transversal que permitió describir los factores que más incidencia tienen en la decisión de abandonar o permanecer en un programa matriculado de la escuela ecacen, además de recolectar información primaria de estudiantes catalogados como antiguos, y una revisión detallada otras investigaciones acerca del fenómeno de la deserción, sin embargo es necesario señalar que para el caso de este documento de trabajo se seleccionan solo las preguntas relacionadas con los talentos que poseen los estudiantes y las que indagan acerca de la motivación para permanecer en los programas. De esta manera, se encuentra que los talentos o hobbies que poseen los estudiantes pueden ser utilizados para propiciar un mejor ambiente universitario y contribuir a la permanencia en sus programas, además de verificar que el desarrollo de estos talentos, que también ayudan a la realización del ser humano, puede ser impulsado por las instituciones de educación superior.
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Thompson, Stephen, Brigitte Rohwerder, and Clement Arockiasamy. Freedom of Religious Belief and People with Disabilities: A Case Study of People with Disabilities from Religious Minorities in Chennai, India. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/creid.2021.003.

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India has a unique and complex religious history, with faith and spirituality playing an important role in everyday life. Hinduism is the majority religion, and there are many minority religions. India also has a complicated class system and entrenched gender structures. Disability is another important identity. Many of these factors determine people’s experiences of social inclusion or exclusion. This paper explores how these intersecting identities influence the experience of inequality and marginalisation, with a particular focus on people with disabilities from minority religious backgrounds. A participatory qualitative methodology was employed in Chennai, to gather case studies that describe in-depth experiences of participants. Our findings show that many factors that make up a person’s identity intersect in India and impact how someone is included or excluded by society, with religious minority affiliation, caste, disability status, and gender all having the potential to add layers of marginalisation. These various identity factors, and how individuals and society react to them, impact on how people experience their social existence. Identity factors that form the basis for discrimination can be either visible or invisible, and discrimination may be explicit or implicit. Despite various legal and human rights frameworks at the national and international level that aim to prevent marginalisation, discrimination based on these factors is still prevalent in India. While some tokenistic interventions and schemes are in place to overcome marginalisation, such initiatives often only focus on one factor of identity, rather than considering intersecting factors. People with disabilities continue to experience exclusion in all aspects of their lives. Discrimination can exist both between, as well as within, religious communities, and is particularly prevalent in formal environments. Caste-based exclusion continues to be a major problem in India. The current socioeconomic environment and political climate can be seen to perpetuate marginalisation based on these factors. However, when people are included in society, regardless of belonging to a religious minority, having a disability, or being a certain caste, the impact on their life can be very positive.
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Saville, Alan, and Caroline Wickham-Jones, eds. Palaeolithic and Mesolithic Scotland : Scottish Archaeological Research Framework Panel Report. Society for Antiquaries of Scotland, June 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/scarf.06.2012.163.

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Why research Palaeolithic and Mesolithic Scotland? Palaeolithic and Mesolithic archaeology sheds light on the first colonisation and subsequent early inhabitation of Scotland. It is a growing and exciting field where increasing Scottish evidence has been given wider significance in the context of European prehistory. It extends over a long period, which saw great changes, including substantial environmental transformations, and the impact of, and societal response to, climate change. The period as a whole provides the foundation for the human occupation of Scotland and is crucial for understanding prehistoric society, both for Scotland and across North-West Europe. Within the Palaeolithic and Mesolithic periods there are considerable opportunities for pioneering research. Individual projects can still have a substantial impact and there remain opportunities for pioneering discoveries including cemeteries, domestic and other structures, stratified sites, and for exploring the huge evidential potential of water-logged and underwater sites. Palaeolithic and Mesolithic archaeology also stimulates and draws upon exciting multi-disciplinary collaborations. Panel Task and Remit The panel remit was to review critically the current state of knowledge and consider promising areas of future research into the earliest prehistory of Scotland. This was undertaken with a view to improved understanding of all aspects of the colonization and inhabitation of the country by peoples practising a wholly hunter-fisher-gatherer way of life prior to the advent of farming. In so doing, it was recognised as particularly important that both environmental data (including vegetation, fauna, sea level, and landscape work) and cultural change during this period be evaluated. The resultant report, outlines the different areas of research in which archaeologists interested in early prehistory work, and highlights the research topics to which they aspire. The report is structured by theme: history of investigation; reconstruction of the environment; the nature of the archaeological record; methodologies for recreating the past; and finally, the lifestyles of past people – the latter representing both a statement of current knowledge and the ultimate aim for archaeologists; the goal of all the former sections. The document is reinforced by material on-line which provides further detail and resources. The Palaeolithic and Mesolithic panel report of ScARF is intended as a resource to be utilised, built upon, and kept updated, hopefully by those it has helped inspire and inform as well as those who follow in their footsteps. Future Research The main recommendations of the panel report can be summarized under four key headings:  Visibility: Due to the considerable length of time over which sites were formed, and the predominant mobility of the population, early prehistoric remains are to be found right across the landscape, although they often survive as ephemeral traces and in low densities. Therefore, all archaeological work should take into account the expectation of Palaeolithic and Mesolithic ScARF Panel Report iv encountering early prehistoric remains. This applies equally to both commercial and research archaeology, and to amateur activity which often makes the initial discovery. This should not be seen as an obstacle, but as a benefit, and not finding such remains should be cause for question. There is no doubt that important evidence of these periods remains unrecognised in private, public, and commercial collections and there is a strong need for backlog evaluation, proper curation and analysis. The inadequate representation of Palaeolithic and Mesolithic information in existing national and local databases must be addressed.  Collaboration: Multi-disciplinary, collaborative, and cross- sector approaches must be encouraged – site prospection, prediction, recognition, and contextualisation are key areas to this end. Reconstructing past environments and their chronological frameworks, and exploring submerged and buried landscapes offer existing examples of fruitful, cross-disciplinary work. Palaeolithic and Mesolithic archaeology has an important place within Quaternary science and the potential for deeply buried remains means that geoarchaeology should have a prominent role.  Innovation: Research-led projects are currently making a substantial impact across all aspects of Palaeolithic and Mesolithic archaeology; a funding policy that acknowledges risk and promotes the innovation that these periods demand should be encouraged. The exploration of lesser known areas, work on different types of site, new approaches to artefacts, and the application of novel methodologies should all be promoted when engaging with the challenges of early prehistory.  Tackling the ‘big questions’: Archaeologists should engage with the big questions of earliest prehistory in Scotland, including the colonisation of new land, how lifestyles in past societies were organized, the effects of and the responses to environmental change, and the transitions to new modes of life. This should be done through a holistic view of the available data, encompassing all the complexities of interpretation and developing competing and testable models. Scottish data can be used to address many of the currently topical research topics in archaeology, and will provide a springboard to a better understanding of early prehistoric life in Scotland and beyond.
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