Academic literature on the topic 'Human rights – press coverage'
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Journal articles on the topic "Human rights – press coverage"
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Ahmad, Afaq. "Press Coverage on human rights violations: Case study of “the hindu”." Mass Communicator: International Journal of Communication Studies 13, no. 3 (2019): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0973-967x.2019.00014.0.
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Major, Mark. "The Dan Rather Maxim: Collective identity and news coverage of human rights and international law." Media, War & Conflict 10, no. 2 (February 18, 2016): 127–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1750635216632794.
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This article examines the influence of national identity on coverage of human rights and international law. Based on a content analysis of New York Times, Washington Post, and USA Today’s coverage of torture at Abu Ghraib and the Obama administration’s expansion of drone warfare, it is argued that the news media largely protects the American identity by ignoring or marginalizing considerations of human rights and international law, despite these issues being central to the events. This research posits that the news media adheres to the Dan Rather Maxim named after long-time CBS news anchor, Dan Rather, who noted that in times of conflict the press tends to ‘follow the flag’. In other words, national identity informs and ultimately skews coverage of conflicts. This article adds to the existing scholarship on social and national identity biases in the news by giving primacy to international law and human rights frames during controversial periods. The content analysis finds that the actions of US political actors and institutions do not receive ample treatment when viewed through the lens of human rights and international humanitarian law.
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Sales, Camila Maria Risso, and João Roberto Martins Filho. "The Economist and Human Rights Violations in Brazil During the Military Dictatorship." Contexto Internacional 40, no. 2 (August 2018): 203–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-8529.2018400200009.
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Abstract The purpose of this article is to analyse British media coverage of the Brazilian dictatorship. Specifically, we examine coverage by the weekly news magazine The Economist in the period from the promulgation of Institutional Act 5 in December 1968, to 1975, the second year of the Geisel administration. We compare its coverage with that of The Times and The Guardian in order to reach an understanding of its portrayal of Brazil in terms of two themes in particular: economic performance (notably the ‘Brazilian miracle’), and political repression. We relate the latter theme to the international condemnations of torture, and the disappearance of political prisoners. Furthermore, given that The Economist mainly covers issues from an economic perspective, we examine shifts in the frequency and content of articles about Brazil, and conclude that The Economist’s portrayal of Brazil in the period under review deviated from that of much of the rest of the British Press.
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Thornton, Patricia M. "Falun Gong's Challenge to China: Spiritual Practice or ‘Evil Cult’? (revised). By Danny Schechter. [New York: Akashic Books, 2001. 287 pp. $15.95. ISBN 1-888451-27-0.]." China Quarterly 172 (December 2002): 1065–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009443902230624.
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Investigative journalist and human rights activist, Danny Schechter, has produced a sympathetic portrait of falun gong and its enigmatic founder, Li Hongzhi, “in the hope that it will encourage more interest and support for falun gong's right to exist and to practise its beliefs openly” (p. 1). The first part of the reader involves a report on the persecution of falun gong practitioners inside mainland China, and castigates the press for its inadequate coverage of the crackdown.
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Sipayung, Ronald Fredy Christian, Elwi Danil, Mahmud Mulyadi, and Edi Yunara. "The Implementation of the Presumption of Innocence in Law Enforcement Coverage by the Mass Media." Ultimate Journal of Legal Studies 1, no. 2 (December 11, 2023): 63–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/uljls.v1i2.12829.
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The application of the presumption of innocence in the press has long been a subject of attention and debate, both within the legal community and among journalists themselves. However, until now, the debate has not reached a consensus. Debates have started to arise regarding how the provisions in the Constitution (1945 Constitution) should be interpreted regarding applying the presumption of innocence in the press field. The debate continues to the level of analyzing how the legal regulations on the presumption of innocence should be applied in the field of press, and even the technical implementation in reporting. This paper utilizes normative legal research with a descriptive-analytical approach. Secondary data is sourced from legal regulations in the field of the press. Through qualitative analysis, the research yields the following results: Firstly, the presumption of innocence is incorporated into the Journalistic Code of Ethics with the hope that mass media, in their reporting, will not fall into the trap of "trial by the press," which involves reporting that tends to "judge" someone, violating the principles of a fair trial. Reporting that tends to express opinions on the guilt of a suspect not only violates the fundamental principles of the rule of law, namely judicial independence but also infringes upon an individual's human rights by diminishing their right to a legal defense.
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Broshkova, Svitlana. "Problems and prospects for the development of human rights journalism." Dialog: media studios, no. 27 (December 30, 2021): 25–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.18524/2308-3255.2021.27.251394.
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The article is devoted to media coverage of human rights protection, namely the problems and prospects for the development of human rights journalism in Ukraine. Human protection, adherence to the fundamental principles enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the Basic Law of Ukraine are the basis of freedom, justice and universal peace. Violation by the media of a wide range of media — from human integration and development in society to sensitive conflict issues, voices of people with disabilities, the elderly, vulnerable groups, etc. — shows adherence to democratic principles of statehood, humanism and freedom of speech. Advocacy or advocacy journalism is participatory journalism, and the journalist is a direct participant who seeks to protect those who find themselves in a difficult situation by changing the situation itself, resolving the conflict, andexpressing one’s own opinion. Today, with the intensification of social processes in society, socio-economic and environmental conflicts, emphasis should be placed on personal (civil, political, economic, social, cultural and environmental) rights and freedoms that ensure the right of everyone to a safe life, health, free access to information, the right to the state of the environment, the quality of food and household items, etc. For the development of human rights journalism, it would be appropriate to increase the number and quality of publications in the media, which cover the problems of all vulnerable groups (children, adolescents, people with disabilities, prisoners, women / men, gender, etc.), use correct terminology in accordance with human rights), the balance of authenticity and judgments from the facts is observed (the standard of separation of facts), the avoidance of hate speech, the materials of one’s own analysis prevail (without reprinting official press releases of the authorities). This study aims to increase the sensitivity of the media to socially vulnerable groups and the protection of human rights. One of the solutions to the problem is to highlight the problems and prospects for the development of human rights journalism in Ukraine. Strengthening the media to the standard of reliability through quality work with sources of information, the use of correct terminology and improving the performance of their own journalistic materials and is the most important in the development of human rights journalism.
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Garner, Ana C., and Angela R. Michel. "“The Birth Control Divide”." Journalism & Communication Monographs 18, no. 4 (November 4, 2016): 180–234. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1522637916672457.
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For more than 140 years, religious, medical, legislative, and legal institutions have contested the issue of contraception. In this conversation, predominantly male voices have attached reproductive rights to tangential moral and political matters, revealing an ongoing, systematic attempt to regulate human bodies, especially those of women. This analysis of 1873-2013 press coverage of contraception in the New York Times, the Los Angeles Times, and the Chicago Tribune shows a division between institutional ideology and real-life experience; women’s reproductive rights are negotiable. Although journalists often reported that contraception was a factor in the everyday life of women and men, press accounts also showed religious, medical, legislative, and legal institutions debating whether it should be. Contraception originally was predominately viewed as a practice of prostitutes (despite evidence to the contrary) but became a part of everyday life. The battle has slowly evolved into one about the Affordable Care Act, religious freedom, morality, and employer rights. What did not significantly change over the 140-year period are larger cultural and ideological structures; these continue to be dominated by men, who retain power over women’s bodies.
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Asim Rizwan Talib and Muhammad Yousaf. "Comparative Editorial Analysis of Pakistan-India Relations with Reference To Kashmir Issue during PML(N) and PTI Regimes in Pakistani Press." Journal of Peace, Development & Communication 08, no. 02 (June 9, 2024): 171–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.36968/jpdc-v08-i02-13.
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The study," Comparative Editorial Analysis of Pakistan - India Relations with Reference to Kashmir Issue during PML N and PTI Regimes in Pakistani Press" investigated the editorial coverage of prominent Pakistani English and Urdu newspapers from February,18,2016, to February,17,2021. Focusing on the Kashmir issue, a central bone of contention between Pakistan and India, the researcher explored how newspapers framed this issue and it's relationship with foreign policy and media. The selected news papers for analysis were Daily Dawn, Express tribune (English), Daily Jang and Daily Duniya (Urdu). Utilizing theoretical frameworks of Agenda Setting and Framing, the study categorised editorials into favourable, unfavourable and neural perspectives. Employing a non random convenient sampling technique. The study analysed daily editorial coverage on Kashmir during the specified period. The findings indicated a consistent framing pattern across all newspapers, addressing topics such as the right of self determination, human rights violations, political victimisation and legislative actions in IoK. Notably, Urdu newspapers alloted more space to the Kashmir conflict compared to English newspapers aligning their narratives with respective governments and national sentiments. Overall, the study provides the insights into how media outlets in Pakistan shape public discourse on Kashmir issue within the broader context of Pakistan - India relations. Keywords: Comparative Editorial Analysis, Pakistan - India Relations, Kashmir Issue, PML-N, PTI, Pakistani Press
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Sana, Rabia, and Professor Dr Shahzad Ali. "Mapping of Pakistani Media, Society and Culture in the Mainstream Print Media of the United Kingdom and the United States." Journal of Law & Social Studies 4, no. 2 (June 30, 2022): 361–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.52279/jlss.04.02.361372.
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This paper interrogated the Western media perception regarding Pakistani society, culture, image and media. It was the developing concern of Western electronic and print media to discuss the various issues related to Pakistan and mainly politics, international relations, society and culture were stressed upon. The present study explored the coverage of American and British press (the Telegraph, the Guardian, the New York Times & the Washington Post) regarding Pakistan. For this reason, the data got from the following newspapers the Telegraph, the Guardian, the New York Times & the Washington Post for the three specific months. The findings revealed that overall negative impression was found in American and British newspapers regarding Pakistani society, culture and media. Pakistani culture was attributed with patriarchal, male chauvinistic with blend of conservative’s tribal norms; extremism, rigidity, violent behavior and religious fanaticism. Women were shown as living in shabby conditions and they were deprived of their fundamental rights. The issues of crime against women, especially in the countryside about domestic violence, acid burning, and abused rape were highlighted. However, softer tone was depicted for pro-Western, liberals’ individuals, NGOs and other elements as compared to the right-wing groups which received more negative frames. Overall the negative issues related to natural disasters, over population, corruption, mismanagement, poor human rights, pervasiveness of conservative’s rightwing groups, and insecurity for journalists dominated the coverage.
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Han, Eulalia, and Halim Rane. "Australian Press and Public Opinion on the Israel-Palestine Conflict." Media International Australia 141, no. 1 (November 2011): 58–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x1114100108.
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This article examines the relationship between Australian press coverage of, and public opinion on, the Israel–Palestine conflict using a framing perspective. The first part of the study involves analysis of almost 10,000 articles published in The Australian and the Sydney Morning Herald between 2000 and 2010. The second part of the study is based on an online survey conducted with 1021 participants nationally. The main aim of this study is to identify the extent to which the issues deemed most central to resolving the conflict have been covered by the Australian press and the extent to which Australian public opinion is either reflective of this content or represents alternate views. The study found that respondents expressed perspectives inconsistent with prevalent news frames, including a close identification with the Palestinian narrative as well as views on a resolution of the conflict reflective of a concern for human rights and universal values.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Human rights – press coverage"
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McPherson, Ella Elizabeth. "Human rights reporting in Mexico." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2010. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/252214.
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John, Cornelia. "FGM in Swedish press : A dissertation examining the journalistic coverage of female genital mutilation (FGM) in Swedish press." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, JMK, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-144056.
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What topics are discussed within the female genital mutilation debate? And who gets to speak out? Are there any prominent patterns able to detect? This thesis tries to elaborate these thoughts examining the journalistic coverage of FGM in Swedish newspapers during the year of 2016. A content analysis of all published newspapers during the year of interest sets the empirical basis, and is supported by interviews with journalists covering the issue. The dissertation holds a constructionist approach meaning that the perception of reality is constructed, and thereof differs. This approach also clarifies that there is no constant truth, but several. Findings within the empirical data are mainly discussed connected to feminist theory as well as the concept of agenda-setting, eventually involving discussions about human rights issue as a value for journalism. What is clear here is that women are overrepresented within the debate, and are depicted as strong individuals, are seldom victimized or depicted in stereotyped gender roles as opposed by scholars. Meanwhile, participating journalists are somewhat semi-aware about their own portrayals since they opine that they are focusing on representing female characters in their articles. This might indicate that the FGM debate is unilaterally represented in some ways. The result also shows a clear pattern in representing FGM in media as a global issue treating the prevalence of FGM around the world, even when a domestic perspective is used. The issue of interest is also perceived as a procedure aiming to control women and/or their sexuality in a quite vast extent, scholarly as well as empirically
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Gomes, Cléber Moletta. "A CONSTRUÇÃO DAS NOTÍCIAS PELAS ASSESSORIAS DE IMPRENSA DA TERRA DE DIREITOS, CONECTAS DIREITOS HUMANOS E JUSTIÇA GLOBAL." UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE PONTA GROSSA, 2016. http://tede2.uepg.br/jspui/handle/prefix/51.
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This research studies the construction of the news by the human rights organizations's press offices Terra de Direitos, Justiça Global and Conectas Direitos Humanos. For this, the paper analyzes the media coverage held by the press offices of the institutions in three events. The research is based on the press relations's concepts, theories of constructionist perspective about journalism and the media coverage's concept. The method used was discourse analysis, focusing on a qualitative approach of the study object. They evaluated the appropriation strategies of journalistic discourse in the construction of news, considering the mediatized environment circulation and generating directions. It was found that the institutions take ownership and betting on journalistic discourse as a way to midiatizar their actions and provide directions in a traffic environment. The political and ideological positioning of entities is considered inthe definition of discursive strategies. The news of the construction of journalistic techniques are appropriate by the assessors. Their discursive offers betting on different possibilities in the appropriation and generation of directions. With this research, we hope to contribute with studies on the role of the press offices of human rights organizations in the face of intense media coverage in social discourses.
Esta pesquisa estuda a construção da notícia pelas assessorias de imprensa das organizações de defesa dos direitos humanos Terra de Direitos, Justiça Global e Conectas Direitos Humanos. Para tanto, o trabalho analisa a cobertura jornalística realizada pelas assessorias de imprensa das instituições em três acontecimentos. A investigação é fundamentada nos conceitos de assessoria de imprensa, nas teorias do jornalismo de perspectiva construcionista e no conceito de midiatização. O método empregado foi a análise do discurso, privilegiando uma abordagem qualitativa do objeto de estudo. Foram avaliadas as estratégias de apropriação do discurso jornalístico na construção das notícias, considerando o ambiente midiatizado de circulação e geração de sentidos. Constatou-se que as instituições se apropriam e apostam no discurso jornalístico como forma de midiatizar suas ações e oferecer sentidos em um ambiente de circulação. O posicionamento político e ideológico das entidades é considerado na definição de estratégias discursivas. As técnicas jornalísticas de construção da notícia são apropriadas pelos assessores. Suas ofertas discursivas apostam em diferentes possibilidades de apropriação e geração de sentidos. Com esta pesquisa, espera-se contribuir com estudos sobre a atuação das assessorias de imprensa de entidades de defesa dos direitos humanos diante da intensa midiatização dos discursos sociais.
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Castillo, Deborah Marie. "Human Rights and American Media Coverage: Nicaragua, 1979 and 1983." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/292176.
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Oby, Michael Randolph. "Black Press Coverage of the Emmett Till Lynching as a Catalyst to the Civil Rights Movement." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2007. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/communication_theses/20.
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BLACK PRESS COVERAGE OF THE EMMETT TILL LYNCHING AS A CATALYST TO THE CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT by MICHAEL OBY Under the Direction of Leonard Teel ABSTRACT The movement for civil rights in America gathered momentum throughout the 1950s. In the wake of the U.S. Supreme Court’s Brown vs. The Board of Education ruling, declaring unconstitutional permissive or mandatory school segregation, the white South responded with both passive and active resistance. In the midst of this ferment, an African-American boy from Chicago was lynched in Mississippi. Subsequent stories in the black press reported not only Emmett Till’s murder and the trial, but also a widening mobilization within the race, notably the creation of associations in defense of civil rights. The coverage of news and views in the black press provide substantial evidence that this mobilization ignited the civil rights movement of the mid-1950s, just months before the Montgomery, Alabama bus boycott led by Martin Luther King Jr. This research supports the view that the black community’s mobilization during the months after Till’s murder served as a catalyst for the civil rights movement.
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Thompson, Mark A. "Space Race: African American Newspapers Respond to Sputnik and Apollo 11." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2007. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5115/.
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Using African American newspapers, this study examines the consensual opinion of articles and editorials regarding two events associated with the space race. One event is the Soviet launch of Sputnik on October 4, 1957. The second is the Apollo 11 moon landing on July 20, 1969. Space Race investigates how two scientific accomplishments achieved during the Cold War and the civil rights movement stimulated debate within the newspapers, and that ultimately centered around two questions: why the Soviets were successful in launching a satellite before the US, and what benefits could come from landing on the moon. Anti-intellectualism, inferior public schools, and a lack of commitment on the part of the US government are arguments offered for analysis by black writers in the two years studied. This topic involves the social conditions of African Americans living within the United States during an era when major civil rights objectives were achieved. Also included are considerations of how living in a "space age" contributed to thoughts about civil rights, as African Americans were now living during a period in which science fiction was becoming reality. In addition, this thesis examines how two scientific accomplishments achieved during this time affected ideas about education, science, and living conditions in the U.S. that were debated by black writers and editors, and subsequently circulated for readers to ponder and debate. This paper argues that black newspapers viewed Sputnik as constituting evidence for an inferior US public school system, contrasted with the Soviet system. Due to segregation between the races and anti-intellectual antecedents in America, black newspapers believed that African Americans were an "untapped resource" that could aid in the Cold War if their brains were utilized. The Apollo moon landing was greeted with enthusiasm because of the universal wonder at landing on the moon itself and the prowess demonstrated by the collective commitment and organization necessary to achieve such an objective by decades end. However, consistently accompanying this adulation is disappointment that domestic problems were not given the same type of funding or national commitment.
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Morrison, Christa (De Swardt). "Human stem cell research : tracking media attention in time from 1998-2005." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1043.
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Thesis (MA (Journalism))--University of Stellenbosch, 2006.Moral questions arising from advances in science and technology are proliferating exponentially. Much controversy surrounds the ways in which biotechnology is used to eradicate a vast range of diseases and injuries. Stem cell research is one such way. Throughout the world stem cell research has been met with varying responses that range from opposition and criticism to approval and advocacy. As a result, it has attracted significant attention from the news media. The media have been accused of bias by focusing only on the controversial aspects of the research as opposed to reporting fully and fairly on the remarkable scientific advances. In this study I look at the patterns of media attention paid to stem cell research in the international weekly magazine Time between November 1998 and September 2005 inclusive. Contrary to the results expected on the basis of my literature study which pointed out the notion that the media tend to focus on sensational news more than non-controversial issues, I found that Time did a fair job in reporting on the scientific aspects of stem cell research. The percentage content of articles by year, focusing on scientific information of stem cells, dominated other news frames. The two years following the 2000 and 2004 American presidential elections, are however marked by the dominance of policy frames. This study found that Time covered controversial issues like embryonic stem cell research, public funding debates and political policy development in direct relation to their rise and fall on the political agenda in the United States.
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Tisdale, John Rochelle 1958. "Medgar Evers (1925-1963) and the Mississippi Press." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1996. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278976/.
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Medgar Evers was gunned down in front of his home in June 1963, a murder that went unpunished for almost thirty years. Assassinated at the height of the civil rights movement, Evers is a relatively untreated figure in either popular or academic writing. This dissertation includes three themes. Evers's death defined his life, particularly his public role. The other two themes define his relationship with the press in Mississippi (and its structure), and his relationship to the various civil rights organizations, including his employer, the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. Was the newspaper press, both state and national, fair in its treatment of Evers? Did the press use Evers to further the civil rights agenda or to retard that movement, and was Evers able to employ the press as a public relations tool in promoting the NAACP agenda? The obvious answers have been that the Mississippi press editors and publishers defended segregation and that Evers played a minor role in the civil rights movement. Most newspaper publishers and editorial writers slanted the news to promote segregation but not all newspapers editors. The Carters of Greenville, J. Oliver Emmerich of McComb and weekly editors Ira Harkey and Hazel Brannon Smith denounced the segregationist groups. Evers, too, is not easily defined. His life's work produced few results but his mere presence in the most racist state in the country provided other civil rights organizers with an example of personal strength and fortitude unmatched in the late 1950s and early 1960s. The dissertation reviewed the existing primary and secondary source material, and included personal interviews with primary participants in the Jackson boycotts of 1963. Evers compares with Abraham Lincoln in that both received little credit for their accomplishments until more than thirty years after their assassinations. Both represented the democratic philosophy of the common man's ability to achieve deeds not possible in a caste system.
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Ezewudo, Gabriel Ejikeme. "Playing "Carrot and Stick" : Canadian press coverage of Nigeria on the hanging of nine Ogoni rights activists, November-December 1995." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0003/MQ39935.pdf.
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Jessie, Alison Leigh. "Questions of Citizenship: Oregonian Reactions to Japanese Immigrants' Quest for Naturalization Rights in the United States, 1894-1952." PDXScholar, 2015. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/2644.
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This study examines the discrimination against Japanese immigrants in U.S. naturalization law up to 1952 and how it was covered in the Oregonian newspaper, one of the oldest and most widely read newspapers on the West Coast. The anti-Japanese movement was much larger in California, but this paper focuses on the attitudes in Oregon, which at times echoed sentiments in California but at other times conveyed support for Japanese naturalization. Naturalization laws at the turn of the century were vague, leaving the task of defining who was white, and thus eligible for naturalization, to the courts. Japanese applicants were often denied, but until the federal government clarified which immigrants could or could not become citizens, the subject remained open to debate. "Ineligibility to naturalization" was often used as a code for "Japanese" in discriminatory land use laws and similar legislation at the state level in California and in other western states. This study highlights several factors which influenced Oregonian editorials on the subject.
First, the fear of offending Japan and provoking war with that empire was a foremost concern of Oregonian editors. California's moves to use naturalization law to prevent Japanese immigrants from owning land were seen as dangerous because they damaged relations with Japan and could lead to war. The Oregonian went so far as to recommend Japanese naturalization during the First World War. However, war and foreign relations were federal issues, thus the second theme seen throughout Oregonian editorials was deference to federal authority on questions related to naturalization. While suggesting that naturalization for existing immigrants might be good policy, the Oregonian urged the federal government to settle the matter. Once the Supreme Court ruled against Asian naturalization in 1922 and 1923, the Oregonian dropped its push for such rights. Nativism was another theme that influenced opinions at this time, and before 1923 the Oregonian generally opposed extreme nativist positions, while at the same time advocating for limits to Japanese immigration and against mixed marriages.
This paper does not deal with the incarceration of Japanese Americans during World War II because naturalization was not the issue for the anti-exclusion movement at the time. Citizenship did not give the Nisei, second generation Japanese American citizens, any protection against their wartime removal from the West Coast.
This study returns to the issue of naturalization for Japanese immigrants after the war, as a number of Issei, first generation Japanese immigrants, still lived in the United States but were denied citizenship, even though most had been in the country for decades at that point. There was less opposition to Japanese naturalization after the war due to the noted loyalty of the Japanese during the war, the focus on human rights as an issue promoted by the new United Nations, and Cold War politics which demanded better relations with Japan and thus fairer treatment of Japanese living in the United States. The Oregonian editorials reflected the shift in public opinion throughout the country in favor of lifting the racial bar to citizenship. Japanese Americans in Oregon were active in the campaign to change U.S. naturalization law. The issue was more important to the Japanese American community than it was to the Oregonian editorial board by then, as other Cold War events took precedence on the front and op-ed pages of the newspaper.
Books on the topic "Human rights – press coverage"
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Mohammed, Jubril Bala. Introduction to human rights journalism. [Nigeria]: Friedrich Ebert Foundation, 1997.
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G, Mudzongo, Chiweshe F. G, Matsheza Philliat, and Human Rights Trust of Southern Africa., eds. Human rights and the media. Avondale, Causeway, Harare, Zimbabwe: Human Rights Trust of Southern Africa, 2002.
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Batario, Red. Reporting human rights in the Philippines: A field guide for journalists and media workers. Quezon City, Philippines: Philippine Human Rights Reporting Project, 2009.
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Batario, Red. Reporting human rights in the Philippines: A field guide for journalists and media workers. Quezon City, Philippines: Philippine Human Rights Reporting Project, 2009.
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Ṣubḥ, Riyāḍ. الدليل التدريبي للصحافيين حول حقوق الإنسان: Anshiṭah ʻamalīyah lil-tarwīj ḥuqūq al-insān wa-siyādat al-qānūn. ʻAmmān: Markaz ʻAdālah li-Dirāsāt Ḥuqūq al-Insān, 2007.
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International Council on Human Rights Policy., ed. Journalism, media and the challenge of human rights reporting. Versoix, Switzerland: International Council on Human Rights Policy, 2002.
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Hāsāna, Mañju Kāmarula, and Mass-Line Media Center (Dhaka, Bangladesh), eds. Saṃbāpatre mānabādhikāra lañghanera cālacitra, 2000. Ḍhākā: Myās-Lāina Miḍiẏā Senṭāra, 2001.
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Hāsāna, Mañju Kāmarula, Māmuna, Esa. Ema. Māsuda Āla., and Mass-Line Media Center (Dhaka, Bangladesh), eds. Saṃbādapatre mānabādhikāra laṅghanera cālacitra, 1999. Ḍhākā: Myās-Lāina Miḍiẏā Senṭāra, 2000.
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Acerno, Stella. L'inganno quotidiano: I media, l'informazione e i diritti umani. Genova: F.lli Frilli, 2004.
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Jamal, Amal. The marginality of human rights: Discourse in the local Arab press in Israel. Nazareth: ILAM Media Center for Arab Palestinians in Israel, 2012.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Human rights – press coverage"
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Husarska, Anna. "“Conscience Trigger”: The Press and Human Rights." In Realizing Human Rights, 337–50. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-03608-7_16.
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Petley, Julian. "Human Rights and Press Law." In The Routledge Companion to Media and Human Rights, 83–94. London; New York : Routledge, 2017.: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315619835-8.
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Lee, Howard, and Ana Ansari. "Singapore’s press for freedom." In A History of Human Rights Society in Singapore, 54–69. New York : Routledge, 2017. | Series: Politics in Asia series: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315527413-4.
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Sobel, Meghan. "News Coverage of Female Genital Cutting." In The Routledge Companion to Media and Human Rights, 396–406. London; New York : Routledge, 2017.: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315619835-39.
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Kaltenborn, Markus. "The Human Rights Framework for Establishing Social Protection Floors and Achieving Universal Health Coverage." In Interdisciplinary Studies in Human Rights, 29–51. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-30469-0_3.
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G. Richter, Andrei. "Threats to freedom of the press." In Why Human Rights Still Matter in Contemporary Global Affairs, 267–84. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2020. | Series: Routledge studies in human rights: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003022909-15.
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Dovlo, Delanyo. "People and Their Health Systems: The Right to Universal Health Coverage and the SDGs in Africa." In Interdisciplinary Studies in Human Rights, 53–71. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-30469-0_4.
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Isola, Olusola O., and Toba Yusuf. "Assessment of Media Coverage of Human Rights Abuses in Internally Displaced Peoples’ Camps." In Reporting Human Rights, Conflicts, and Peacebuilding, 137–52. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-10719-2_9.
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Gies, Lieve. "‘Let’s Put Human Rights Right’: (Counter) Narratives About Human Rights in the UK Popular Press." In Conflicting Narratives of Crime and Punishment, 183–99. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-47236-8_9.
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Patel, Seema. "‘But you’re ok…’ British South Asians and Regulatory Barriers to Participation in Sport." In Interdisciplinary Studies in Human Rights, 15–42. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-56452-9_2.
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AbstractThis chapter employs ethnographical research to examine the regulatory barriers to participation in the particular context of British South Asian athletes in sport. Recent racial tensions in English cricket have not only raised important regulatory questions about addressing discrimination and inequality in sport and beyond, but also emphasizes the limited coverage of British South Asian voices in sport. Adopting an ethnographic approach, this chapter centralizes the author’s lived experiences as a British South Asian female, to evaluate their intersectional identity. Alongside this, with two decades of academic research into discrimination in sport, the chapter provides a British South Asian academic view on the role of the law and sport regulation as both a barrier and an effective tool for the protection of marginalized groups in sport. Although it may be difficult to shift entrenched societal thinking about race, the chapter argues for a holistic collaboration between law and regulation, government, sport and society to apply pressure, alter behavior, and create conditions for effective anti-racism reforms. Change can also be achieved through improved engagement with ethnographic research in law to better understand intersectional identity and the true impact of law and regulation upon marginalized individuals and groups.
Conference papers on the topic "Human rights – press coverage"
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Riley, P. "Policy and Law Relating to Radioactive Waste: International Direction and Human Rights." In ASME 2003 9th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2003-4948.
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The anticipated doubling of world demand for electricity over the next fifty years requires that the gift of nuclear energy that has served developed nations over the past half century must not be abandoned. However, the absence of a clear and unequivocal policy regarding the storage and disposal of radioactive waste is seen by a significant section of the public as a threat to their rights and the non-existence of dedicated regulation of radioactive waste based on law has become an obstacle to the development of nuclear energy in Europe and the USA. A European survey of public opinion carried out at the request of the European Commission revealed that three-quarters of the respondents to sixteen thousand interviews believed that ‘all radioactive waste is very dangerous’. The public perception of threat has been fostered by the general lack of appreciation of the cautious system of radiation protection that has evolved from scientific observation and prediction of the risk of cancer from exposure to low level radiation. The concept of collective dose based on the system of radiation protection and applied to accident scenarios with remote possibilities, but in the absence of scientific assessment of the balance afforded by the pragmatism that man applies to everyday risks including the risk of cancer from the ever-present background of natural radiation, has added a measure of dread to the public sense of threat. That dread has been exacerbated by the emergence since September 2001 of the possibility of the use of radioactive waste as a terrorist weapon and for radioactive waste storage facilities to be seen as terrorist targets. International policy has moved from the comprehensive coverage of nuclear regulation with radioactive waste as an integral, but minor player, in the nuclear energy process to particular consideration with radioactive waste requiring specific regulation. This paper identifies the vectors that determine the direction of the policy governing radioactive waste, the moves toward consolidation of international policy separate from the body of existing nuclear law and future direction that will clear the way for a sustained, appropriate use of nuclear energy.
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Боков, Юрий Александрович. "«POLITICAL MATURITY» AS THE HIGHEST LEVEL OF POLITICAL CULTURE: ON THE MATERIALS OF THE PRESS OF THE GERMAN STATES OF THE XIX CENTURY." In Образование. Культура. Общество: сборник избранных статей по материалам Международной научной конференции (Санкт-Петербург, Февраль 2021). Crossref, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37539/ecs295.2021.44.28.003.
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Уровнями политической культуры являются "политическая зрелость" и "политическая инфантильность". На политическую зрелость оказывают влияние различные факторы: мораль, образование, духовность, объём прав человека и др. Избирательное право способствует достижению состояния политической зрелости. Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке РФФИ в рамках научного проекта № 20-011-00436. The levels of political culture are "political maturity" and "political infantility". Various factors influence political maturity: morality, education, spirituality, the scope of human rights, etc. Suffrage contributes to the achievement of a state of political maturity. Acknowledgments: The reported study was funded by RFBR, project number 20-011-00436 “Electoral legal culture of citizens of Germany (1871-1933)".
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Simović, Miodrag N., and Jelena Kuprešanin. "PROTECTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA- MIGRATION MANAGEMENT CHALLENGES IN SOCIETY RECOVERING FROM THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC." In The recovery of the EU and strengthening the ability to respond to new challenges – legal and economic aspects. Faculty of Law, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.25234/eclic/22444.
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Migration management, among others, is one of the challenges Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Western Balkan countries have faced in recent years. The uncertain and complex situation has been exacerbated by the corona virus pandemic, and existing material and human resources are now focused on repairing its consequences. The end of the pandemic remains uncertain, social problems are becoming more complex, and systemic support is needed for a growing number of different vulnerable categories in the country. The protection of human rights and fundamental freedoms is imperative, especially in times of crisis. Although significant activities have been implemented, they are still insufficient to adequately respond to migration management. The support of the international community remains necessary. Multisectoral action, coordination and sharing of experiences should be intensified. The European Commission’s 2021 Report for Bosnia and Herzegovina pointed to very limited progress in migration and asylum management and the need to significantly improve this area, ensure effective coordination and provide sufficient and adequate accommodation capacity. The response to the crisis during the outbreak of COVID-19 was assessed as satisfactory by the European community, and greater spread and more severe consequences for the migrant population were prevented. According to some reports, the rights of minorities and asylum seekers continue to be a serious concern for human rights in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Unaccompanied children face specific challenges and vulnerabilities, and their protection and adequate response to their needs is one of the priorities for future action. Media coverage of migrants needs to be reviewed and directed in a way that is in line with the human rights of vulnerable categories and advocating the necessity of their protection. The media is one of the key links in monitoring the protection of human rights, but also in focusing on areas that require urgent action. Preventive activities should become an integral part of the strategic directions of local and national governments, and the support of the international community, cooperation, adequate assessment and protection of the best interests of all citizens are a prerequisite for social security in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
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Barinov, Evgeny, Nadezhda Dobrovolskaya, Anastasia Ivanova, Ruslan Kalinin, Alexander Manin, Natalya Mikheeva, and Pavel Romodanovsky. "Patient dissatisfaction with medical dental care." In Issues of determining the severity of harm caused to human health as a result of the impact of a biological factor. ru: Publishing Center RIOR, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/conferencearticle_5fdcb03a353ad3.76128786.
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The article provides information on the results of studying the materials of 150 commission of forensic medical examinations on the facts of patient dissatisfaction with the provision of medical care. The relevance of the problem of the legal relationship between a doctor and a patient is revealed and shown. The lack of information on these issues leads to a high probability of disputed situations in the providing dental care, so there is an urgent need for an integrated approach to the implementation of legally defined rights of patients. Media coverage of the above-mentioned problems plays an important role in improving the level of legal competence of patients. At the same time, the direct relationship between the doctor and the patient is the most important mechanism for implementing the patient's rights at the dental appointment and preventing conflicts. Behavior of doctors in such cases should be strictly regulated by normative legal acts. The process of information sharing with patients and transfer of information to the patient's relatives should receive in medical preventive institution specific legal basis under sections 30, 31, 48, 61 “Principles of legislation of the Russian Federation about health protection of citizens”, to be fixed in job descriptions with the designation of responsibility.
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ابراهيم عزيز حسين, لمى. "Genocide in Halabja." In Peacebuilding and Genocide Prevention. University of Human Development, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21928/uhdicpgp/8.
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"Halabja: It is an Iraqi city located in the Kurdistan region of Iraq, near the Iranian border, about 8-10 miles away, 150 miles away from Baghdad and located in the southeast of the city of Sulaymaniyah. It is one of the important cities that contains many mosques, shrines and shrines. In 1985, this city was subjected to the former regime's aerial bombardment, where more than 450 Kurdish villages were bombed, 300 citizens executed within one month, and internationally prohibited chemical weapons were used. The Iraqi regime’s violations of human rights continued to reach their climax in 1988, which was known as the Halabja events, which will be the subject of our research, the Halabja massacre, which took place at the end of the first Gulf War or what is known as the Iran-Iraq war from 16-17 March 1988, the killing of Kurdish civilians and the use of chemical weapons against them and the effects of a war The first Gulf and the breach of the international treaty through the use of chemical weapons that are banned internationally, as well as international reports on human rights violations in Halabja, which left about 5,000 martyrs, most of whom are residents of the region, and we will also clarify who is responsible for the events of Halabja, and the truth can be highlighted through documents and evidence The editorial in the Halabja case, where these documents included information about chemical weapons in handwriting and not in a printer to evade responsibility. The document talks about the production and accumulation of chemical agents by the former regime and the intention of the former regime to strike them when necessary, in addition to other documents that we will address through the research, There is also an appendix with the names of a number of companies involved in supplying the government at that time with unconventional weapons, including missile weapons and other weapons Chemical materials and advanced technology, and this is very clear in the violation of human rights by extremely barbaric repressive methods and means, and northern Iraq has become the scene of these crimes that have been circulated between international press agencies and television screens, articles, photos and documentaries expressing the horror of the calamity and the magnitude of the tragedy. Well-known international documents and documents and what Halabja has been exposed to are classified within the concept of genocide wars. This type of war is not attended by all international laws and segments only, but also the simplest rules of behavior and human and civilized interaction between people belonging to the human race. We will also show the issue of Halabja in the corridors of the Iraqi Parliament, which was during the session on 7/3/2011 of the second electoral cycle, the first legislative year, the second legislative term in the Iraqi Council of Representatives, held in Baghdad, by submitting a proposal to the Council of Representatives regarding the position of the House of Representatives regarding the crime of bombing Halabja with chemical weapons. In conclusion, I hope you will like this summary."
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Medina, José Manuel, Tatiana Herreros, Pamela De Barca, and Carolina Crovetto. "PEDAGOGICAL INTERACTIONS IN PRIMARY SCHOOL REINTEGRATION PROCESSES: A CASE STUDY IN CHILE." In International Conference on Education and New Developments. inScience Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36315/2021end046.
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In Chile, despite the great coverage achieved, there are still children and adolescents who leave school without being able to complete 12 years of compulsory education (Casen, 2015); moreover, among the countries that make up the OECD, Chile is in the first places of deschooling (TALIS, 2013). This marginalization from the school system is affecting a significant number of children and hindering areas of integration and social development, which accentuates processes of social exclusion and violation of rights in Chile (Casen, 2015; Mide-UC, 2016; Mineduc, 2017). This is reinforced by pedagogical practices that strengthen these probabilities of failure (Román, 2013). The phenomenon of school reintegration has little evidence in relation to the human and technical component in school reintegration processes, either locally (Mide-UC, 2016; UNESCO-UNICEF-Chilean Association of Municipalities, 2012), or internationally (CEPAL, 2010; Contreras et al, 2014; Sucre, 2016), which implies observing and analyzing pedagogical intervention practices in these contexts, in terms of how these dialogical-reflective relational dynamics between teachers and children and adolescents are developed, from the perspective of pedagogical interactions, an area of growing interest in educational sciences, which looks at more than the action itself, at how and what happens in the interaction. (Colomina et al, 2001) This research from a qualitative, transactional approach, oriented from the perspective of descriptive studies (Hernández,et al, 2010) and enriched with the symbolic interactionism of Blumer (1969), whose contributions indicate that the nature of the teaching-learning processes can only be unraveled through direct examination, seeks to understand pedagogical intervention practices from the perspective of pedagogical interactions which are developed between teachers and their students, within the framework of the specialized protection programs in school reintegration implemented in Chile by the National Service for Minors of the Ministry of Justice and Human Rights, in vulnerable sectors of the communes of Talca, Region of Maule and La Pintana, Metropolitan Region. The analysis through the theoretical and empirical contributions provided by the scientific evidence on pedagogical interactions, in terms of how they are configured, deployed and how these pedagogical intervention practices are perceived by the actors involved, added to the findings obtained, provides an opportunity to innovate by allowing the observation of school reintegration as a scenario of human relations and to deepen around this professional action as a critical element, constituting the improvement of teaching and effectiveness in school reintegration processes.
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Grabowski, F. E. "RHEOLOGY AND PRIMARY HEMOSTASIS." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643986.
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Overview The adhesion-aggregation of platelets to a site of vessel wall injury is a quintessential blood flow phenomenon. Firstly, platelets are driven to the vicinity of the vessel wall by a form of convective diffusion in which red cells both mechanically augment the effective platelet diffusivity (Turitto et al., Ind. Eng. Chem. Fund. 11:216-223, 1972; Grabowski et al., Ind. Eng. Chem. Fund. 11:224-232, 1972) and enhance the near-wall piatelet concentration (Ti11es and Eckstein, Microvasc Res., In press, 1987). Secondly, red cells subjected to physiologic shear forces are capable of secreting sufficient adenine nucleotides to induce primary platelet aggregation without themselves undergoing frank lysis (Reimers et al, Blood 64:1200-1206, 1984). This "humoral" effect of erythrocytes is likely to contribute to primary hemostasis in a shear stress-dependent manner. Thirdly, endothelial cells are able to modulate platelet aggregation at a site of vessel injury by producing prostacyclin (and perhaps other antithrombotic substances) in a manner which increases with vessel shear rate (Grabowski et al, Blood 62:301a, 1983); production for a large range of arterial shear rates appears to be limited by plasma-borne substrate (arachidonate). This manner of production ensures a concentration of prostacyclin in the near-wall region which remains relatively independent of shear rate.Imaging primary hemostasis. In our work, epi-fluorescence videomicroscopy has allowed real time imaging of platelet adhesion-aggregation to a simulated vessel wall injury. The injury model is an endothelial cell monolayer (ECM) across which, prior to ECM exposure to flowing blood, a 6-0 sterile suture is drawn in a direction transverse to flow. Microinjuries result which measure 70 ± 15μm (Mean ± SD) in width. The fluorescent label is the TAB murine monoclonal antibody (courtesy of Dr. R.P. McEver) directed against human platelet GPIIB, together with a fluorescein-conjugated goat F(ab')2 against murine inmunoglobulin. The injured ECM's, grown to confluence on rectangular cover glasses precoated with microfibrillar collagen, comprise one wall of a flow chamber mounted on a vertical microscope stage. On microinjury sites and at shear rates of 100 to 700 sec-1, computer-enhanced video images show adherence, remodelling and growth of chains of platelet aggregates. Aligned with the flow direction, these chains have a spacing of approximately 30)im, a length similar to the average endothelial cell diameter. One may speculate that such chains provide a scaffold for wound healing insofar as they are likely rich in agents chemotactic for leukocytes and in platelet-derived growth factor.Modulatory role of endothelium. When the ECM's are pre treated with 1.0 mM FC lysine acetyl sal icy late (LA), aggregate length increases (P<0.001) up totwo-fold, outflow levels by RIA of serum thromboxane B2 increase (8 of 8 paired runs), and outflow levels of prostacyclin by RIA for 6-Keto PGFiot decrease (5 of 7 paired runs). The Table gives data for one of four similar experiments at 270 sec-1 and following five minutes of flow. These data imply that products of ECM which are inhibitable by aspirin modulate local adhesion-aggregation; their inhibition, as by vasculitis or drugs, may give rise to thrombotic states.Bleeding disorders. Aggregate length is reduced in von Willebrand's disease (4 patients), Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (2 patients), and after 300 mg oral aspirin (Tablet 4 donors). The reduction in the first two, however, is greater (P<0.01) than that for oral aspirin. With oral aspirin, further, there is a paradoxic increase in the percent platelet coverage of the injury area. Summary. Rheology has profound effects on the rate, structure, and modulation of primary hemostasis. Many of these effects can be studied via real-time, epi-fluorescence videomicroscopy of platelet adhesion-aggregation to a site of injury to an endothelial cell monolayer exposed to flowing blood. The model described has application to the study of thrombotic and hemostatic disorders and unstable angina.
Reports on the topic "Human rights – press coverage"
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Roberts, Tony, Judy Gitahi, Patrick Allam, Lawrence Oboh, Oyewole Oladapo, Gifty Appiah-Adjei, Amira Galal, et al. Mapping the Supply of Surveillance Technologies to Africa: Case Studies from Nigeria, Ghana, Morocco, Malawi, and Zambia. Institute of Development Studies, September 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ids.2023.027.
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African governments are spending over 1US$bn per year on digital surveillance technologies which are being used without adequate legal protections in ways that regularly violate citizens’ fundamental human rights. This report documents which companies, from which countries, are supplying which types of surveillance technology to African governments. Without this missing detail, it is impossible to adequately design measures to mitigate and overcome illegal surveillance and violations of human rights. Since the turn of the century, we have witnessed a digitalisation of surveillance that has enabled the algorithmic automation of surveillance at a scale not previously imaginable. Surveillance of citizens was once a labour and time-intensive process. This provided a practical limit to the scope and depth of state surveillance. The digitalisation of telephony has made it possible to automate the search for keywords across all mobile and internet communications. For the first time, state surveillance agencies can do two things: (a) conduct mass surveillance of all citizens’ communications, and (b) micro-target individuals for in-depth surveillance that draws together in real-time data from mobile calls, short message service (SMS), internet messaging, global positioning system (GPS) location, and financial transactions. This report was produced by qualitative analysis of open-source data in the public domain. The information presented is drawn from a diverse range of sources, including open government data sets, export licence portals, procurement notices, civil society databases of surveillance contracts, press releases from surveillance companies, academic articles, reports, and media coverage. The research is organised using a typology of five categories of surveillance technology. We did not set out to detail every technology available, every company, or every supply contract. Instead, we document the main companies and countries selling digital surveillance technologies to African governments. Rather than focus on the technical functionality distinguishing each product offering, we highlight five of the most important types of surveillance technology: internet interception, mobile interception, social media surveillance, ‘safe city’ technologies for the surveillance of public spaces, and biometric identification technologies.
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Hicks, Jacqueline. Drivers of Compliance with International Human Rights Treaties. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.130.
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Are international human rights treaties associated with better rights performance? The appetite for a conclusive answer has driven a number of large scale quantitative studies that have broadly shown little or no effect, and sometimes even a backsliding. However, the headline conclusions belie much more complicated findings, and the research methods used are controversial. These issues undermine confidence in the findings. Comparative and individual case studies allow for more detailed information about how domestic human rights activists use international human rights laws in practice. They tend to be more positive about the effect of treaties, but they are not as systematic as the quantitative work. Some indirect measures of treaty effect show that the norms contained within them filter down into domestic constitutions, and that the process of human rights reporting at the UN may be useful if dialogue can be considered an a priori good. It is likely that states are driven to comply with human rights obligations through a combination of dynamic influences. Drivers of compliance with international law is a major, unresolved question in the research that is heavily influenced by the worldview of researchers. The two strongest findings are: Domestic context drives compliance. In particular: (1) The strength of domestic non-governmental organisations (NGOs), and links with international NGOs (INGOs), and (2) in partial and transitioning democracies where locals have a reason to use the treaties as tools to press their claims. External enforcement may help drive compliance when: (1) other states link human rights obligations in the treaties to preferential trade agreements, and (2) INGOs ‘name and shame’ human rights violations, possibly reducing inward investment flows from companies worried about their reputation. Scholars also identify intermediate effects of continued dialogue and norm socialisation from the UN’s human rights reporting processes. Interviews with diplomats involved in UN reporting say that the process is more effective when NGOs and individual governments are involved.
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Qian, Nancy, and David Yanagizawa-Drott. Government Distortion in Independently Owned Media: Evidence from U.S. Cold War News Coverage of Human Rights. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, February 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w15738.
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Sparkman, David, and Germán Sturzenegger. Fostering Water and Sanitation Markets in Latin America and the Caribbean: How the Public Sector Can Support the Private Sector to Bridge Coverage Gaps and Improve Service Quality for Low-Income Popul. Inter-American Development Bank, August 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0006323.
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In Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC), according to 2015 figures from the Joint Monitoring Program, over 100 million people do not have access to adequate sanitation services, and nearly 34 million do not have access to safely managed drinking water. A disproportionate number of these households are from lower-income market segments and wealth quintiles, primarily residing in the rapidly growing, high-density periphery of established urban centers, small towns, and rural areas. Access to water and sanitation has been declared by the United Nations to be a human right, indicating that there is still a significant challenge in LAC with respect to universal access to basic human rights. To resolve this challenge, traditional practices involving the NGO, aid, development and public sectors as leaders will not solve the problem efficiently or effectively without adequate engagement and enabling of the private sector.