Relevant bibliographies by topics / Human PCOS

Academic literature on the topic 'Human PCOS'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Human PCOS"

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Liu, Ran, Shun Bai, Shengxia Zheng, Xinyi Zhu, Yan Zhang, Bo Xu, and Weidong Zhao. "Identification of the Metabolomics Signature of Human Follicular Fluid from PCOS Women with Insulin Resistance." Disease Markers 2022 (March 20, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/6877541.

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Context. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a gynecological endocrine disease, and approximately 60% of patients with PCOS have different degrees of insulin resistance (IR). The regulatory role of metabolic networks in human follicular fluid (FF) related to IR in PCOS remains unclear. Aims. To explore the effect of IR on the metabolism of PCOS by analyzing the changes in FF metabolites in PCOS patients who are undergoing assisted reproductive technology based on the metabonomic platform of ultraperformance gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Method. Eight PCOS patients with IR (PCOS-IR) and 8 PCOS patients without IR (PCOS-NIR) were enrolled. All patients received controlled ovarian stimulation by using the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist protocol, and the FF of a single dominant follicle was collected on the day of oocyte retrieval. The metabolite profiles of the FF were determined by GC/MS. Key Results. A total of 20 differentially expressed metabolites in FF were identified. Compared with levels in the PCOS-NIR group, stearic acid, palmitic acid, pentadecanoic acid, stigmasterol, citric acid, isocitric acid, thymine, and pyruvic acid in FF were significantly increased in the PCOS-IR group. Lithocholic acid and sinapinic acid in FF decreased significantly. The affected metabolic pathways with potential regulatory roles were identified by KEGG annotation. Conclusion. Compared with the PCOS-NIR group, the PCOS-IR group showed more significant metabolic abnormalities. Implications. These results will help us to understand the pathogenesis of PCOS combined with IR and will provide new clues for studying metabolic disorders associated with PCOS, e.g., IR.
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Ryu, Youngjae, Sung Woo Kim, Yoon Young Kim, and Seung-Yup Ku. "Animal Models for Human Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) Focused on the Use of Indirect Hormonal Perturbations: A Review of the Literature." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 11 (June 3, 2019): 2720. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20112720.

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Hormonal disturbances, such as hyperandrogenism, are considered important for developing polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in humans. Accordingly, directly hormone-regulated animal models are widely used for studying PCOS, as they replicate several key PCOS features. However, the pathogenesis and treatment of PCOS are still unclear. In this review, we aimed to investigate animal PCOS models and PCOS-like phenotypes in animal experiments without direct hormonal interventions and determine the underlying mechanisms for a better understanding of PCOS. We summarized animal PCOS models that used indirect hormonal interventions and suggested or discussed pathogenesis of PCOS-like features in animals and PCOS-like phenotypes generated in other animals. We presented integrated physiological insights and shared cellular pathways underlying the pathogenesis of PCOS in reviewed animal models. Our review indicates that the hormonal and metabolic changes could be due to molecular dysregulations, such as upregulated PI3K-Akt and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signalling, that potentially cause PCOS-like phenotypes in the animal models. This review will be helpful for considering alternative animal PCOS models to determine the cellular/molecular mechanisms underlying PCOS symptoms. The efforts to determine the specific cellular mechanisms of PCOS will contribute to novel treatments and control methods for this complex syndrome.
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Hu, Junhe, Tao Tang, Zhi Zeng, Juan Wu, Xiansheng Tan, and Jiao Yan. "The expression of small RNAs in exosomes of follicular fluid altered in human polycystic ovarian syndrome." PeerJ 8 (February 19, 2020): e8640. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.8640.

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Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) can cause reproductive disorders that may affect oocyte quality from punctured follicles in human follicular fluid (HFF). The non-coding RNA family includes micro RNA (miRNA), piwi-interacting RNA (piRNA) and transfer RNA (tRNA); these non-coding RNA transcripts play diverse functions and are implicated in a variety of diseases and health conditions, including infertility. In this study, to explore the role of HFF exosomes in PCOS, we extracted and sequenced RNA from HFF exosomes of PCOS patients and compared the analysis results with those of non-PCOS control group. The HFF exosomes were successfully isolated and characterized in a variety of ways. The sequencing results of the HFF exosomal RNA showed that about 6.6% of valid reads in the PCOS group and 8.6% in the non-PCOS group were successfully mapped to the human RNA database. Using a hierarchical clustering method, we found there were ten small RNA sequences whose expression was significantly different between the PCOS and non-PCOS groups. We chose six of them to predict target genes of interest for further GO analysis, and pathway analysis showed that the target genes are mainly involved in biosynthesis of amino acids, glycine, serine and glycosaminoglycan, as well as threonine metabolism. Therefore, the small RNA sequences contained in HFF EXs may play a key role in the mechanism that drives PCOS pathogenesis, and thereby can act as molecular biomarkers for PCOS diagnosis in the future.
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Krishnan, Abhaya, Sridhar Muthusami, Loganayaki Periyasamy, Jone A. Stanley, Vasudevan Gopalakrishnan, and Ilangovan Ramachandran. "Effect of DHT-Induced Hyperandrogenism on the Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines in a Rat Model of Polycystic Ovary Morphology." Medicina 56, no. 3 (February 27, 2020): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina56030100.

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Background and Objectives: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most prevalent disorders among women of reproductive age. It is considered as a pro-inflammatory state with chronic low-grade inflammation, one of the key factors contributing to the pathogenesis of this disorder. Polycystic ovary is a well-established criterion for PCOS. The present investigation aimed at finding the role of hyperandrogenism, the most important feature of PCOS, in the development of this inflammatory state. To address this problem, we adopted a model system that developed polycystic ovary morphology (PCOM), which could be most effectively used in order to study the role of non-aromatizable androgen in inflammation in PCOS. Materials and Methods: Six rats were used to induce PCOM in 21-days-old female Wistar albino rats by using a pre-determined release of dihydrotestosterone (DHT), a potent non-aromatizable androgen, achieved by implanting a DHT osmotic pump, which is designed to release a daily dose of 83 μg. Results: After 90 days, the rats displayed irregular estrous cycles and multiple ovarian cysts similar to human PCOS. Elevated serum inflammatory markers such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and the presence of a necrotic lesion in the liver, osteoclast in the femur, multinucleated giant cells and lymphocytes in the ovary based on histopathological observation of DHT-treated rats clearly indicated the onset of inflammation in the hyperandrogenic state. Our results show no significant alterations in serum hormones such as luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), insulin, and cortisol between control and hyperandrogenised rats. DHT was significantly elevated as compared to control. mRNA studies showed an increased expression level of TNF-α and IL-1β, further, the mRNA expression of urocortin 1 (Ucn-1) was stupendously elevated in the liver of hyperandrogenised rats. Conclusions: Thus, results from this study provide: (1) a good PCOM model system in order to study the inflammatory changes in PCOS aspects, (2) alteration of inflammatory markers in PCOM rats that could be either due to its direct effect or by the regulation of various inflammatory genes and markers in the liver of hyperandrogenic state suggesting the regulatory role of DHT, and (3) alteration in stress-related protein in the liver of PCOM rats.
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Tamadon, Amin, Wei Hu, Peng Cui, Tong Ma, Xiaoyu Tong, Feifei Zhang, Xin Li, Linus R. Shao, and Yi Feng. "How to choose the suitable animal model of polycystic ovary syndrome?" Traditional Medicine and Modern Medicine 01, no. 02 (June 2018): 95–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2575900018300047.

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Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a gynecological metabolic and endocrine disorder with uncertain etiology. To understand the etiology of PCOS or the evaluation of various therapeutic agents, different animal models have been introduced. Considering this fact that is difficult to develop an animal model that mimics all aspects of this syndrome, but, similarity of biological, anatomical, and/or biochemical features of animal model to the human PCOS phenotypes can increase its application. This review paper evaluates the recently researched animal models and introduced the best models for different research purposes in PCOS studies. During January 2013 to January 2017, 162 studies were identified which applied various kinds of animal models of PCOS including rodent, primate, ruminant and fish. Between these models, prenatal and pre-pubertal androgen rat models and then prenatal androgen mouse model have been studied in detail than others. The comparison of main features of these models with women PCOS demonstrates higher similarity of these three models to human conditions. Thereafter, letrozole models can be recommended for the investigation of various aspects of PCOS. Interestingly, similarity of PCOS features of post-pubertal insulin and human chorionic gonadotropin rat models with women PCOS were considerable which can make it as a good choice for future investigations.
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Subashree, Ilangovan, Umakant Ramchandra Valvekar, and Geetha Prasad. "Study of serum calcium and vitamin D levels with hormonal profile along with biochemical profile in women with polycystic ovary syndrome." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 6, no. 9 (August 28, 2017): 4075. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20174065.

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Background: The polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the commonest human endocrinopathies and is increasingly recognized as a variant of the metabolic syndrome in women with the characteristic features of insulin resistance, central obesity, impaired glucose metabolism, dyslipidemia, and hypertension.Methods: This study is mainly focused on study of parameters like gonadotropin hormonal profile, serum vitamin D and calcium levels in polycystic ovary disease (PCOD). The study comprised 45 clinically proven polycystic ovary disease patients in the age range of 19-34 years. The biochemical estimations carried out in the study were – Fasting Blood sugar, LH, FSH, prolactin, 25- OH vitamin D and calcium along with anthropometric data. The values obtained were compared with age matched equal number of healthy control female subjects from the same population.Results: The serum concentration of calcium and vitamin D levels are decreased significantly (P <0.001) when compared to controls. Insulin resistance is predominantly seen in PCOS subjects. The study outlines the importance of insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, decreased serum calcium and vitamin D levels in PCOS subjects may be a cause for the progression of polycystic ovary syndrome.Conclusions: In the present study vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent in PCOS women from this area compared to control women. We also relations of vitamin D status with insulin sensitivity, HDL-C, and C-reactive protein in PCOS patients, which support the increasing evidence that vitamin D deficiency is associated with multiple metabolic risk factors in PCOS women. A high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and low calcium levels were observed in PCOS women from our population when compared to controls. Insulin resistance was predominantly seen in PCOS subjects when compared with controls, indicating the association of vitamin D levels with insulin resistance.
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Hu, Kai-Lun, Hongcui Zhao, Zheying Min, Yilei He, Tianjie Li, Xiumei Zhen, Yun Ren, Hsun-Ming Chang, Yang Yu, and Rong Li. "Increased Expression of KISS1 and KISS1 Receptor in Human Granulosa Lutein Cells—Potential Pathogenesis of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome." Reproductive Sciences 26, no. 11 (December 30, 2018): 1429–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1933719118818899.

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Kisspeptins are a family of neuropeptides that are essential for fertility. Recent experimental data suggest a putative role of kisspeptin signaling in the direct control of ovarian function. To explore the expression of KISS1 and KISS1 receptor (KISS1R) in human granulosa lutein cells and the potential role of KISS1/KISS1R system in the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), we measured the concentration of KISS1 in follicular fluid, the expression of KISS1 and KISS1R in granulosa lutein cells, and the circulating hormones. The expression levels of KISS1 and KISS1R were significantly upregulated in human granulosa lutein cells obtained from women with PCOS. The expression levels of KISS1 in human granulosa lutein cells highly correlated with those of KISS1R in non-PCOS patients, but not in patients with PCOS, most likely due to the divergent expression patterns in women with PCOS. Additionally, the expression levels of KISS1 highly correlated with the serum levels of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH). The expression levels of KISS1 and KISS1R, as well as the follicular fluid levels of KISS1, were not significantly different between the pregnant and nonpregnant patients in both PCOS and non-PCOS groups. In conclusion, the increased expression of KISS1 and KISS1R in human granulosa lutein cells may contribute to the pathogenesis of PCOS. The expression levels of KISS1 highly correlated with the serum levels of AMH. The KISS1 and KISS1R system in the ovary may not have a remarkable role in predicting the in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcome.
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Piltonen, Terhi, Riitta Koivunen, Antti Perheentupa, Laure Morin-Papunen, Aimo Ruokonen, and Juha S. Tapanainen. "Ovarian Age-Related Responsiveness to Human Chorionic Gonadotropin in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome." Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 89, no. 8 (August 1, 2004): 3769–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jc.2003-031851.

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Ovarian steroid secretion capacity starts to decline as early as around the age of 30 yr. Whether an age-related decrease in androgen secretion, as in normal women, also occurs in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and whether the enhanced androgen production in PCOS remains throughout the fertile period of life are not known. The aim of this study was to determine the age-related serum basal and gonadotropin-stimulated androgen levels in women with PCOS and to compare the results with those obtained from our previous study in healthy women with normal ovaries. Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) stimulation tests were carried out among 42 women with PCOS (age, 16–44 yr; body mass index, 31.02 ± 1.1 kg/m2). An im injection of 5000 IU hCG was given 2–4 d after spontaneous or progestin-induced menstrual bleeding, and blood samples for LH, FSH, inhibin B, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, androstenedione (A), testosterone (T), and estradiol assays were collected at 0, 24, 48, and 96 h. In women with PCOS, basal serum T and A levels were about 50% higher than in healthy women. The responses of A and T to hCG [area under the curve (AUC), 96 h)] were significantly higher in women with PCOS than in normal women [A, 1183.6 ± 60 (±se) vs. 814.4 ± 39 (P ≤ 0.001); T, 192.9 ± 12 vs. 117.4 ± 6; P ≤ 0.001]. In PCOS women, the hCG-stimulated A levels correlated negatively with age (AUC of A: r = −0.044; P = 0.004), and a similar trend was also observed in AUC T levels (AUC of T: r = −0.125, P = 0.425). Despite the higher androgen secretion capacity in PCOS, the basal and hCG-stimulated serum estradiol levels were similar to those observed in normal women. LH correlated positively with age, but basal FSH and inhibin B levels remained unchanged. In conclusion, in PCOS basal serum levels of androgens and ovarian androgen secretion capacity are markedly increased and remain high throughout the reproductive years, although the decreasing ovarian capacity to release androgens in response to hCG stimulation seen in healthy women also occurs in PCOS.
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Dai, Guo, and Guangxiu Lu. "Different protein expression patterns associated with polycystic ovary syndrome in human follicular fluid during controlled ovarian hyperstimulation." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 24, no. 7 (2012): 893. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd11201.

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Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common causes of anovulatory infertility, affecting 5–10% of females during their reproductive life. Currently the pathology of PCOS is largely unknown. To identify the differential protein expression in follicular fluids from PCOS and normal subjects during controlled ovarian hyperstimulation, we performed an initial proteomic study including two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DE) analysis and mass spectroscopy, and confirmed results by western blot. Thirty-two protein spots were shown to be significantly differentially expressed between PCOS and normal follicular fluids, of which 20 unique proteins were identified to be associated with cellular metabolism and physiological processes; 13 of these proteins were upregulated while seven were downregulated in PCOS follicular fluids. Western blotting analyses confirmed the differential expressions for three randomly selected proteins, i.e. upregulated α1-antitrypsin, apolipoprotein A-I and transferrin in follicular fluid from PCOS patients than normal controls. Furthermore, semiquantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT–PCR) analyses revealed that mRNA levels of serine palmitoyltransferase 2, serine/threonine-protein kinase male germ cell-associated kinase (MAK) and DNA damage-regulated autophagy modulator protein 2 decreased significantly in granulosa cells of PCOS patients compared with normal samples. These results increase our understanding of PCOS and the identified genes may serve as candidate biomarkers to develop diagnostic and therapeutic tools.
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McCartney, Christopher R., Amy B. Bellows, Melissa B. Gingrich, Yun Hu, William S. Evans, John C. Marshall, and Johannes D. Veldhuis. "Exaggerated 17-hydroxyprogesterone response to intravenous infusions of recombinant human LH in women with polycystic ovary syndrome." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 286, no. 6 (June 2004): E902—E908. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00415.2003.

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Studies using pharmacological gonadotropin stimulation suggest that ovarian steroidogenesis is abnormal in the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). We assessed ovarian steroid secretion in response to near-physiological gonadotropin stimuli in 12 ovulatory controls and 7 women with PCOS. A gonadotropin-releasing hormone-receptor antagonist (ganirelix, 2 mg sc) was given to block endogenous LH secretion, followed by dexamethasone (0.75 mg orally) to suppress adrenal androgen secretion. After ganirelix injection (12 h), intravenous infusions of recombinant human LH (0, 10, 30, 100, and 300 IU; each over 8 min) were administered at 4-h intervals in a pseudorandomized (highest dose last) manner. Plasma LH, 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP), androstenedione, and testosterone were measured concurrently. LH dose-steroid response relationships (mean sex-steroid concentration vs. mean LH concentration over 4 h postinfusion) were examined for each subject. Linear regression of 17-OHP on LH yielded a higher (mean ± SE) slope in PCOS (0.028 ± 0.010 vs. 0.005 ± 0.005, P < 0.05), whereas extrapolated 17-OHP at zero LH was similar. The slopes of other regressions did not differ from zero in either PCOS or controls. We conclude that near-physiological LH stimulation drives heightened 17-OHP secretion in patients with PCOS, suggesting abnormalities of early steps of ovarian steroidogenesis. With the exception of 17-OHP response in PCOS, no acute LH dose-ovarian steroid responses were observed in controls or PCOS. Defining the precise mechanistic basis of heightened precursor responsiveness to LH in PCOS will require further clinical investigation.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Human PCOS"

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Weidemann, Annchen. "The role of fructose restriction in addition to dietary modifications for weight loss and lifestyle improvement, on fertility outcome and other markers of metabolic syndrome (MS), in obese women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS)." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/71878.

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Thesis (MNutr)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The role of fructose restriction in addition to dietary modifications for weight loss and lifestyle improvement, on fertility outcome and other markers of metabolic syndrome, in obese women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) Introduction: At the time at which the current study was undertaken no data, as yet, existed on whether restriction of fructose, while treating obese patients with PCOS for weight loss, improves the clinical symptoms and metabolic/anthropometric profile so as to promote fertility. Objectives: To evaluate the baseline intake of fructose, as well as the effect of restricting fructose intake from fruit and soft beverages to less than 20 g daily, as well as to provide guidelines for weight loss on anthropometric measurements, for improving subjective clinical symptoms, and for promoting fertility outcome in obese patients with PCOS, who seek to become fertile. Methods: The study was conducted in the Tygerberg Hospital Infertility Clinic, as an experimental cohort. Patients with a body mass index (BMI) higher than 27, seeking fertility after diagnosis with PCOS, were referred for dietary consultation, and followed up 3 monthly over 1 year. At each visit anthropometric measurements and a detailed dietary history were taken and a questionnaire for clinical symptoms was completed. Results: Baselinely, 86 patients were included in the study. Averages for weight and BMI were 99.8 ± 24.3 kg and 39.2 ± 8.7kg/m2, respectively. Average baseline daily fructose intake was 167 ± 116.8g. At baseline, significant relationships were shown between fructose intake and burning feet (ρ=0.02) and frequent waking (ρ=0.02), with a trend towards nightly eating (ρ=0.07). The dropout rate after visit 1 was 50%, with a further dropout of 41% after visit 2. After 3 visits (n=18), fructose intake significantly reduced (ρ=0.018), with the significant relationships with clinical symptoms having disappeared by visit 2. After 3 visits (n=18), both weight and BMI decreased significantly (ρ=0.017) and (ρ=0.019), respectively. Fructose was tested as a covariate to BMI, with high significance (ρ=0.006) in said population group. Conclusion: Dietary intervention to reduce fructose intake proved significant for weight loss and BMI after 3 visits. Reduced fructose intake was associated with reduced clinical symptoms. With fructose being a significant covariate to BMI, it can be concluded that fructose overconsumption could possibly contribute to both clinical symptoms and elevated BMI in said study population.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die rol wat die beperking van fruktose speel bykomend tot dieetaanpassings en lewenstylverbetering vir gewigsverlies by oorgewig vroue met polisistiese ovariële sindroom (PCOS) in die uitkoms van fertiliteit en ander merkers van metaboliese sindroom. Inleiding: Met die aanvang van hierdie studie was daar is geen data beskikbaar oor die invloed van die beperking van fruktose in die dieet van oorgewig pasiënte met PCOS wat vir gewigsverlies behandel word nie. Dit was ook nie bekend of laasgenoemde pasiënte se kliniese simptome en metaboliese/antropometriese profiel sou verbeter met die beperking van fruktose sodat fertiliteit by hierdie pasiënte terselfdertyd ook bevorder word nie. Doelwitte: Die evaluering van die aanvanklike inname van fruktose, sowel as die beperking van fruktose afkomstig van eetbare vrugte en versoete drankies en sap tot ’n inname van minder as 20 g daagliks, tesame met riglyne vir gewigsverlies. Die uitkoms hiervan is bepaal deur antropometriese metings, die verbetering in subjektiewe kliniese simptome en die fertiliteituitkoms by oorgewig pasiënte wat hulp met fertiliteit verlang. Metodes: Die studie het as ’n eksperimentele kohort by die Infertiliteitskliniek by Tygerberg Hospitaal plaasgevind. Pasiënte wat na diagnose met PCOS fertiliteitsbehandeling verlang het en ’n BMI hoër as 27 gehad het , is vir dieetbehandeling verwys en driemaandeliks oor ’n tydperk van een jaar opgevolg. Tydens elke besoek is antropometriese metings en ’n omvattende dieetgeskiedenis geneem en ’n vraelys oor kliniese simptome ingevul. Resultate: Aanvanklik is 86 pasiënte by die studie ingesluit. Gemiddeldes vir gewig en BMI was 99.8 ± 24.3 kg en 39.2 ± 8.7 kg/m2 respektiewelik. Gemiddelde aanvanklike daaglikse inname van fruktose was 167 ± 116.8 g. Oorspronklik het betekenisvolle verhoudings tussen fruktose en die volgende bestaan: brandvoete (ρ=0.02) en veelvuldige episodes van nagtelike wakkerheid (ρ=0.02), met ’n neiging na nagtelike etery (ρ=0.07). Die uitvalsyfer na een besoek was 50% met ’n verdere uitvalsyfer van 41% na die tweede besoek. Na drie besoeke (n=18) het sowel die gewig as die BMI betekenisvolle afname getoon (ρ= 0.017) en (ρ=0.019), respektiewelik. Fruktose is as ’n belangrike kovariant vir BMI (ρ= 0.006) vir hierdie populasiegroep geïdentifiseer. Gevolgtrekking: Dieetintervensie vir die vermindering van die inname van fruktose was beduidend vir gewigsverlies en afname in BMI na drie besoeke. Verminderde fruktose-inname het gelei tot die vermindering van kliniese simptome. Met fruktose as beduidende kovariant vir BMI kan die gevolgtrekking gemaak word dat die oor-inname van fruktose by hierdie studiepopulasie waarskynlik tot sowel kliniese simptome as BMI bygedra het.
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Braga, Ana Maria Cheble Bahia. "Dioxinas, furanos e PCBs em leite humano no Brasil." [s.n.], 2003. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/310590.

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Orientadores: Angelo Zanaga Trape, Thomas Manfred Krauss
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-05T19:02:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Braga_AnaMariaChebleBahia_D.pdf: 1900359 bytes, checksum: 79e7312e2649cd6e41634906f1302f41 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003
Resumo: O presente estudo é pioneiro no Brasil e ganha relevância tendo em vista as várias possíveis fontes antropogênicas de PCBs, PCDDs e PCDFs ainda não mapeadas, da ocorrência de acidentes com exposição a produtos clorados em populações brasileiras e da presença, de detecção recente, na ração animal aqui produzida e exportada para a Europa. O objetivo principal foi avaliar a exposição da população geral, utilizando-se o leite humano como bioindicador, com vistas a subsidiar ações de prevenção e controle de emissões destes poluentes para o meio ambiente, como forma efetiva de minimizar a exposição humana. Sendo também parte da terceira rodada dos estudos de exposição organizada pela OMS, a metodologia utilizada seguiu seu protocolo já validado. Em cada uma das 10 áreas amostradas, nas diferentes regiões do país, foram coletadas 10 amostras individuais, conformando uma amostra composta que foi enviada para análise no laboratório de referência da OMS na Alemanha. As amostras de leite humano foram coletadas, em sua maioria, em bancos de leite humano integrantes da Rede Nacional de Bancos de Leite Humano, usando critérios pré-definidos para a seleção das mães doadoras. Ao nível mundial, dos 24 países participantes do estudo, as concentrações encontradas no Brasil foram as mais baixas. Propõe-se um programa de monitoramento destas substâncias e outros Poluentes Orgânicos Persistentes em leite humano e em amostras ambientais como ação preventiva e de controle, incrementando o conhecimento a respeito da ocorrência destes compostos no Brasil, para subsidiar o gerenciamento das substâncias químicas e os acordos internacionais como a Convenção de Estocolmo
Abstract: The presented research is pioneer in brazil and its relevance is due to the various unmapped possible anthropogenic sources of PCBs, PCDDs and PCDFs, to the occurrence of accidents with chlorinated products exposing brazilian populations and the recent episode related to the presence of such contaminants in feedstuff exported to europe. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the exposure of the general population considering human milk as good indicator. Moreover, the study may subsidize future preventing actions and emission control of these pollutants to the environment as an effective manner to minimize human exposure. being also part of the third round of exposure studies organized by WHO, the used methodology followed the validated WHO¿s protocol, as well. In each of the ten sampled areas from different brazilian regions, it was collected ten individual samples to form one pooled sample which was sent to the WHO¿s reference laboratory in Germany. Human milk samples were mostly collected from human milk banks which are part of the National Human Milk Bank Network. Donors were selected considering the prior defined eligibility criteria. On worldwide level, the concentrations found in brazil were the lowest among the 24 participant countries. A monitoring program of these substances e others Persistent Organic Pollutants in human milk and environmental samples is proposed as prevention and control actions. Besides extending the knowledge about the occurrence of these compounds in Brazil, the study may subsidize international programs such as the Stockholm Convention and improve the management of chemical substances
Doutorado
Saude Ambiental
Doutor em Saude Coletiva
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Juan, Ching-yi Amy. "Studies on the intake and behaviour of PCBs in humans." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.274223.

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Perumal, Kuppusamy Senthilkumar. "Telomerase and telomere dysregulation in Polychlorinated Biphenyl (PCB) exposed human skin keratinocytes." Diss., University of Iowa, 2012. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/2957.

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Polychlorniated Biphenyls (PCBs), a group of 209 individual congeners, are ubiquitous environmental pollutants and classified as probable human carcinogens. Hallmarks of aging and carcinogenesis are changes in telomerase activity and telomere length. I hypothesize that PCBs modulate telomerase activity and telomeres via interference in gene regulation and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) resulting in the dysregulation of cell growth. To explore this possibility, I exposed human skin keratinocytes (HaCaT) to a synthetic airborne PCB mixture (CAM) and individual congeners, i.e. PCB28, PCB52, PCB126 and PCB153. To mimic the chronic human exposure to PCBs and the slow process of carcinogenesis, a long term exposure period of 48 days and beyond was employed. All PCB congeners and CAM reduced telomerase activity, telomere length and cell growth. Among all PCBs, PCB126 had the most pronounced effect with reduction in telomerase activity, telomere length, hTERT and hTR gene expression and cell growth, while increasing TRF1 & TRF2 gene expression. PCB126 elicited an increase in CYP1A1 mRNA, CYP1A1 activity, DHE and DCFH oxidation levels from days 6 to 48, suggesting that increased ROS might be a causative factor for the reduction in telomerase activity and telomere length. However, transduction with hTERT and hTR subunits partly rescued telomerase activity, while treatment with PEG-catalase did not rescue telomerase activity suggesting that telomerase subunits play an important role on PCB126 induced effects on telomerase activity and telomere length. Since cells with shortened telomeres may escape crisis through telomerase reactivation, PCB126 treatment was continued until day 90. A change in growth behavior was observed from day 54 to 90, with cells recovering the proliferation rate, and increasing c-Myc, hTERT, and hTR gene expression level, re-activating telomerase activity and re-elongating telomere length. TRF1 & 2 gene expression started to decrease after day 66. From day 78, no increase in CYP1A1mRNA and its activity as well as CYP1B1, ALDH3A1, UGT1A1 and AhRRmRNA was observed suggesting that the AhR response pathway may have been altered. This study shows for the first time that PCBs initially reduce telomerase activity, telomere length, and cell growth, and can later lead to telomerase re-activation, telomere lengthening and increased cell growth with modulation of the AhR receptor pathway. This observation has broad implications for chronic PCB exposure scenarios.
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Khabazbashi, Sara. "Analytical Standard Free Semi­-Quantification of OH­-PCBs in human blood serum samples." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-84442.

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Grimm, Fabian Alexander. "Toxicological and therapeutic implications of interactions between polychlorinated biphenyl sulfates and human transthyretin." Diss., University of Iowa, 2014. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/4635.

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In recent years, lower-chlorinated, airborne congeners of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) have evolved as an emerging class of potentially hazardous environmental contaminants. Previous work has demonstrated that sulfation is a major metabolic pathway for these PCBs in vitro and in vivo; however, their metabolic fate and toxicities have not been explored. Hypothyroxinemia is among the most prevalent adverse health effects associated with PCB exposure in human populations and is an assumed cause of a variety of neurodevelopmental effects observed in infants following prenatal PCB exposure. The displacement of L-thyroxine (T4) from binding sites on transthyretin (TTR), a major T4 transport protein and trans-placental carrier of thyroid hormones, is thought to be a significant contributing factor in PCB-induced hypothyroxinemia. Structural similarities between sulfated metabolites of PCBs and T4 led to the central hypothesis that PCB sulfates are bioactive metabolites that exhibit high affinity binding to T4 binding sites on human TTR. An examination of the ability of six lower-chlorinated PCB sulfates to bind to human TTR in vitro, as well as subsequent computational modeling, revealed that these compounds interact with the high-affinity binding site in a non-covalent manner and with affinities comparable to T4. Corroborating evidence for the binding of PCB sulfates stems from their ability to inhibit the formation of TTR amyloid fibrils through stabilization of the protein's native conformation. Fibrillar TTR aggregates are the cause of amyloidoses like senile systemic amyloidosis, familial amyloid polyneuropathy and familial amyloid cardiomyopathy. All PCB sulfates examined were effective inhibitors of TTR fibrillogenesis with equal or higher efficiencies than some of the best previously described inhibitors. In vivo exposure of male Sprague-Dawley rats to a model PCB sulfate, 4-PCB 11 sulfate, resulted in rapid and widespread distribution of the metabolite to various organs, including the brain. Consequently, there is a strong indication for a potential role of PCB sulfates in thyroid disruption and inter-tissue transport of PCBs, and the binding of PCB sulfates to TTR may also provide structural information for improved design of anti-amyloid therapeutics. To date there are no analytical procedures for the quantification of PCB sulfates available, and exposure levels in human populations remain unknown. This study provides, for the first time, evidence that PCB sulfates, if present in human serum samples, are not extracted by current standard protocols for the analysis of PCBs and their metabolites. Consequently, PCB sulfates may have been overlooked in the past decades resulting in potential underestimation of total PCB exposure levels in exposed populations. Based on this finding, an efficient approach for the quantitative extraction of PCB sulfates from a variety of biological samples was developed. This procedure, coupled with quantitative mass spectrometry, has been validated for the future screening of human serum samples, and it was successfully applied to determine the tissue distribution and elimination profile of 4-PCB 11 sulfate in male Sprague-Dawley rats.
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Boulay, Hillary Michelle. "The effect of cisplatin on the role of proprotein convertases (PCs) in human ovarian cancer cells." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/27319.

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Proprotein convertases (PCs) have been implicated in cancer progression as well as cell survival, although their role in ovarian cancer and drug sensitivity is largely unknown. Of all the PCs, PC4 has the most restricted expression; present only in reproductive tissues (testis, ovary and placenta). The expression and regulation of PC4 were investigated using a pair of cisplatin-sensitive and -resistant cell lines as an in vitro model of ovarian cancer. PC4 is expressed in the ovarian cancer cell lines as well as in tumours from patients diagnosed with the disease. Over-expression of PC4 in chemosensitive cells attenuated cisplatin (CDDP)-induced apoptosis, while inhibition of PC4 activity or down-regulation of PC4 by siRNA sensitized chemoresistant cells to the apoptotic effects of CDDP. Furthermore, current data suggests that the role of PC4 in chemoresistance may be mediated through the processing and activation of IGF-II. These data demonstrate for the first time that PC4 is anti-apoptotic and imply its involvement in the chemoresistance of human ovarian cancer cells.
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Hazrati, Sadegh. "The signiflcance of indoor air as a source of human exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.633125.

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In order to investigate the significance of indoor air as a source of human exposure to PBDEs and PCBs, 94 indoor microenvironments from 4 major indoor environment categories (i.e. offices, homes, public environments, and cars) were monitored in the West Midlands area between 2003 and 2005. Seasonal and within building variability in PCB and PBDE concentrations were studied by monitoring 8 indoor environments for a period of 12 months. The impact of contaminated indoor air on PCB and PBDE concentrations in outdoor air was also evaluated using both chiral techniques and a simple box model. The average concentration of 2PCB in homes, offices, and public indoor environments combined was 11.65 ng m"3 (median = 3.54 ng m"3 ), ranging from 0.49 to 101.8 ng m'3 . The most contaminated indoor environment category was public environments, followed by offices, homes, and cars. The average concentration of ZPBDE for all indoor *% <5 __ microenvironments studied was 0.269 ng m", ranging from 0.004 to 8.2 ng m" . Excluding cars, this figure for all other indoor microenvironments combined ranged from 0.004 to 1.416 ng m" 3 with average value of 0.109 ng m" 3 . Unlike PCBs, cars were identified as the most contaminated indoor microenvironment category studied with an average concentration of 0.709 ng m'3 . Based on records of time activity patterns and concentrations of PCBs and PBDEs found in indoor environments, the relative significance of inhalation exposure to ZPCB compared to diet ranged from 3.3 to 66.2% (average = 30.6%) for adults and from 0.98 to 20% (average = 7.4%) for toddlers. This figure for ZPBDE was between 0.2 and 15.3% (average = 2.3%) for adults and between 0.04 and 3.9% (average = 0.59%) for toddlers. The results obtained from monitoring 8 selected indoor microenvironments revealed that PCB and PBDE concentrations in warmer months are generally higher than those measured in colder months. Concentrations of some PCB and PBDE congeners also showed statistically significant (p<0.05) seasonal variations in some monitoring locations. The highest ZPCB concentrations were found in buildings constructed between 1950 and 1979 (average EPCB = 19.9 ng m" 3 and SD = 5 ng m"3 ) followed by those constructed prior to 1950 (average SPCB = 5.8 ng m' 3 and SD = 4 ng m' 3 ) and post 1979 (average EPCB = 2 ngm" 3 , and SD = 1.8 ng m" 3 ). ZPCB concentrations in buildings constructed in 1950-1979 were statistically significantly higher than those built post 1979 (pO.OOl). Concentrations of the major PBDE congeners were significantly positively correlated with the construction year of the buildings (p<0.05). However, although concentrations of PBDEs in one office fell appreciably following replacement of a PC manufactured in 1998 with one manufactured in 2003; no significant relationships were detected between concentrations of either PCBs or PBDEs and room contents such as numbers of PCs, other items of electronic equipment, or items of PUF-containing furniture. This suggests that the influence of room contents on the contamination of indoor environments with such compounds is complex, and that factors such as the age of electronic equipment and room ventilation may play an important role. Chiral signatures of PCBs in indoor air were essentially racemic with average EF values of 0.496 ± 0.003, 0.500 ± 0.003, and 0.500 ± 0.004 for PCBs 95, 136, and 149, respectively. EF values of all PCB atropisomers in one office microenvironment in monthly samples taken over a 12 month monitoring period displayed no statistically significant variations between warmer months and colder months (p>0.10). Direct comparison of EFs in indoor air, outdoor air, and soil for chiral PCBs revealed that on average >80% of atmospheric concentrations of PCB 95, 136, and 149 at the EROS monitoring site is derived from the ventilation of contaminated indoor air, which is consistent with the results obtained using a simple box model in the West Midlands. Applying the box model for PBDEs revealed an estimate of daily mass flux of 9.98x10 8 ng ZPBDE from indoor to outdoor air, which provides a predicted concentration of ~5 pg EPBDE m" 3 in outdoor air. This value is line with observed values reported elsewhere for the West Midlands, and suggests that ventilation of indoor air makes a significant contribution to outdoor air contamination with PBDEs.
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Magan, Christopher L. "Human health risk characterization for dietary exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in fish from the Columbia Basin Irrigation Project a probabilistic approach /." Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University, 2009. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Spring2009/c_magan_041709.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S. in environmental science)--Washington State University, May 2009.
Title from PDF title page (viewed on May 28, 2009). "School of Earth and Environmental Sciences." Includes bibliographical references (p. 56-63).
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Rodriguez, Eric Alberto. "Hydroxylated and sulfated metabolites of lower chlorinated PCBs bind with high affinity to human serum albumin and exhibit selective toxicity to neuronal cells." Diss., University of Iowa, 2016. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/3175.

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Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a class of persistent organic pollutants that have been associated with a myriad of negative human health effects. These man-made compounds were used throughout most of the 20th century and although their intentional production has since been banned and their use limited to closed systems, their prevalence in the environment remains a factor in disease states for exposed populations. The worldwide levels of PCBs has been declining, however, there is evidence for renewed sources of these compounds. The presence of PCBs with lower numbers of chlorine atoms (LC-PCBs) have been verified as unintentional byproducts in paints and pigments, the decomposition of PCB waste, or the recycling or disposal attempts of PCB-laden materials. While exposure to the higher chlorinated congeners (HC-PCBs) is often attributed to the consumption of contaminated water or fatty animal meat, a significant route of exposure to the airborne LC-PCBs is through inhalation. These semi-volatile compounds have been detected in high quantities in both indoor and outdoor air in urban and rural communities, and their presence is pronounced in older buildings (e.g., homes and schools). When compared to HC-PCBs, LC-PCBs are more highly susceptible to metabolic transformations, and recently their sulfated metabolites have gained much interest. Although the sulfation of xenobiotics often is considered a route for their removal from the body, a previous study of Sprague-Dawley rats treated with 4-chlorobiphenyl (PCB 3) resulted in the substantial formation of sulfated metabolites (i.e., hydroxylation followed by sulfation of the LC-PCB). This metabolic route accounted for more than half of the treatment dose. Furthermore, LC-PCB sulfates have been shown to bind to the human serum protein, transthyretin, in vitro. Of the health effects associated with PCB exposure, neurotoxicity has been well established through various laboratory and epidemiological studies. It is proposed that the dopaminergic system lies at the core of the observed cognitive, motor, and intellectual dysfunction observed in exposed populations, especially in children exposed perinatally. Interestingly, PCB exposure has been linked to Parkinson's disease (PD) etiology, which is marked by a substantial loss of dopaminergic neurons. This thesis describes studies on the binding of selected LC-PCBs and their hydroxylated and sulfated metabolites to human serum albumin (HSA), the most abundant protein in human serum. The displacement of fluorescent probes, selective for the two major drug binding sites of HSA, indicates that LC-PCB sulfates generally bind to HSA with such affinity that is equal to or greater than that for the LC-PCBs or OH-LC-PCBs This work also included a study of the selective toxicity of these compounds to dopaminergic neuronal cells. The selective toxicity of these compounds was studied in a series of immortalized cell lines (i.e., two neuronal cell lines: the rat midbrain-derived N27 cell line, the human neuroblastoma-derived SH-SY5Y cell line, and the human liver-derived HepG2 cell line). The assessment of toxicity by MTT reduction and LDH release in these cellular models indicated that hydroxylated and sulfated metabolites of LC-PCBs exhibited toxicity that was selective to neuronal cells and, in most cases, selective for the dopaminergic neuronal cells. Furthermore, HPLC analysis of the distribution of the compounds from the extracellular medium into the cellular milieu indicated that the observed toxicity may be due in some cases to selective transport and further metabolism. This work contributes to understanding the neurotoxicity of LC-PCB hydroxylated and sulfated metabolites and the role that binding to serum proteins may play in it. Furthermore, it emphasizes the need for future studies on the effects that metabolism, particularly sulfation, may play in the disposition of LC-PCB congeners as it pertains to their metabolism, retention, and toxic effects.
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Books on the topic "Human PCOS"

1

Kate, Marsh, and Farid Nadir, eds. The new glucose revolution: Managing PCOS. Sydney: Hodder Headline Australia, 2004.

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Hodakov, Viktor. Natural environment and human activity. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1194879.

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The monograph describes the influence of the natural environment and its natural and climatic conditions on human life and socio-economic systems, which are considered as regions, territories of Eastern Europe. The natural and climatic factors (PCFs) characterizing the natural environment of Eastern Europe (Russia and Ukraine) and Western (England and France) are considered. Eastern Europe is in the zone of negative PCFs, close to critical. The influence of the PCF on the vital activity of the state and man is systematically described: mentality, systemic thinking, human health, ensuring the safety of life, sustainability of development, agricultural production, housing and communal services, construction, industry, information security, parrying of the PCF, the influence of the PCF on the development of science and education. Climate change trends at the global and regional levels are also described. Estimates of the impact of the PCF on the economy of the state and regions, recommendations on the adaptation of the economy to the PCF, the relationship of information security and information about the PCF, information technologies for assessing the sustainability of development and investment attractiveness of territories, conceptual foundations of state anti-crisis management of socio-economic systems are presented. It is intended for researchers, teachers, postgraduates, students specializing in the field of life safety, computer ecological and economic monitoring. It can be used to educate society in the field of the natural environment and its natural and climatic conditions.
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Understanding mobile human-computer interaction. Amsterdam: Elsevier Butterworth-Heinmann, 2005.

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Advanced anatomy and physiology for ICD-10-CM/PCS 2012. [Place of publication not identified]: Contexo Media, 2013.

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Pcos and Your Fertility. Hay House Inc, 2004.

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PCOS and Your Fertility: Your Guide to Self Care, Emotional Wellbeing and Medical Support. Hay House UK, Limited, 2011.

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G, Hansen L., and Robertson Larry W. 1947-, eds. PCBs: Human and environmental disposition and toxicology. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2008.

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PCBs: Human and environmental disposition and toxicology. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2008.

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(Editor), Larry G. Hansen, and Larry W. Robertson (Editor), eds. PCBs: Human and Environmental Disposition and Toxicology. University of Illinois Press, 2008.

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Association, American Medical. Advanced Anatomy and Physiology for ICD-10-CM/PCs. American Medical Association, 2015.

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Book chapters on the topic "Human PCOS"

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Yeh, John, and Helen H. Kim. "Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): The Possible Roles of Apoptosis in Human Granulosa Cells." In Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, 51–70. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-8483-0_4.

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Safe, S. "PCBs and Human Health." In Environmental Toxin Series, 133–45. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70550-2_7.

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Kamin, Sam, and Wade Fagen. "Tablet PCs in a Code Review Class." In Human–Computer Interaction Series, 283–88. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15594-4_29.

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Thiel, Volker, Jens Herold, and Stuart G. Siddell. "Long Distance RT-PCRs of Human Coronavirus 229E RNA." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 269–73. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5331-1_35.

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Kane, Shaun K., Amy K. Karlson, Brian R. Meyers, Paul Johns, Andy Jacobs, and Greg Smith. "Exploring Cross-Device Web Use on PCs and Mobile Devices." In Human-Computer Interaction – INTERACT 2009, 722–35. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-03655-2_79.

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Cabral, Diogo, and Nuno Correia. "Pen-Based Video Annotations: A Proposal and a Prototype for Tablet PCs." In Human-Computer Interaction – INTERACT 2009, 17–20. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-03658-3_5.

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Palou, Enrique, Zaira Ramírez-Apud, Nelly Ramírez-Corona, and Aurelio López-Malo. "Analysis of Student Perspectives on Using Tablet PCs in Junior and Senior Level Chemical Engineering Courses." In Human–Computer Interaction Series, 307–19. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31193-7_21.

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Casas, Ignacio, Sergio F. Ochoa, and Jaime Puente. "Using Tablet PCs and Pen-Based Technologies to Support Engineering Education." In Human-Computer Interaction. Interacting in Various Application Domains, 31–38. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02583-9_4.

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Stallings, Shannon, and Liliana Werner. "PCO Rates in a Large Series of Human Eyes Obtained Postmortem." In Lens Epithelium and Posterior Capsular Opacification, 189–203. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54300-8_11.

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Chung, Daewoo, Hyunseung Choo, Hee YongYoun, and Dong RyeolShin. "Reduction of Location Update Traffic Using Virtual Layer in PCS*." In The Human Society and the Internet Internet-Related Socio-Economic Issues, 398–410. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-47749-7_32.

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Conference papers on the topic "Human PCOS"

1

Sandu, Mirela-Alina. "POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS (PCBS) - HUMAN HEALTH ASPECTS." In 15th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM2015. Stef92 Technology, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2015/b51/s20.085.

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Lee, Szu-Han, Ya-Ting Chou, and Chih-Wei Tang. "Human perception inspired occlusion detection for stereo vision." In 2015 Picture Coding Symposium (PCS). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pcs.2015.7170040.

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Westergren-Thorsson, Gunilla, Lena Thiman, Vendela Rissler, Hanna Karlsson, and Anna-Karin Larsson-Callerfelt. "Evaluation of nanoparticles in human lung fibroblasts and PCLS." In ERS International Congress 2016 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2016.oa4543.

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Sofke, Soren, Ralph Hansel, and Erika Muller. "Human visual system aware decoding strategies for Distributed Video Coding." In 2009 Picture Coding Symposium (PCS). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pcs.2009.5167434.

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Chenyuan Zhang, Jiu Xu, A. Beaugendre, and S. Goto. "A KLT-based approach for occlusion handling in human tracking." In 2012 Picture Coding Symposium (PCS). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pcs.2012.6213360.

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Shao, Ling, and Ling Ji. "A descriptor combining MHI and PCOG for human motion classification." In the ACM International Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1816041.1816077.

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Gal, Iddo, Jim Ridgway, and James Nicholson. "Exploration of skills and conceptual knowledge needed for understanding statistics about society: A workshop." In Promoting Understanding of Statistics about Society. International Association for Statistical Education, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.52041/srap.16602.

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This document summarizes a workshop given at the IASE Roundtable held July 19-22, 2016 at the Max Planck Institute for Human Development in Berlin, Germany. The Roundtable was organized by the International Association for Statistical Education (IASE) in collaboration with the ProCivicStat (PCS) project. Information about the conference can be found on the conference website: http://iase-web.org/conference/roundtable16; information about PCS can be found here: http://community.dur.ac.uk/procivic.stat.
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Esumi, N., S. Todo, and S. Imashuku. "INTERACTION BETWEEN HEMOSTATIC COMPONENTS AND TUMOR CELLS." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643202.

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Involvement of platelets and coagulation systems in the hematogenous metastasis of tumor cells has been suggested from in vivo and in vitro studies, however, there is still controversy about the exact role of hemostasis in metastasis. To date, at least three types of platelet aggregating mechanisms and three types of tumor cell procoagulants have been reported in different tumor cells.We investigated platelet aggregating activity (PAA), procoagulant activity (PCA) and the relationship between these two activities, using eight human neuroblastoma cell lines, three human leukemia cell lines and human mature lymphocytes. PCA in tumor cells was measured by the single stage recalcification time and the assay with chromogenic substrate S2222. PAA was determined turbidometrically with an aggregometer by adding cell suspensions of tumor cells to platelet rich plasma (PRP). The effects of protease inhibitors, enzymes and thrombin inhibitors on PAA and PCA were also studied.Neuroblastoma cell suspensions showed high PCAs which were reduced in Factor VII deficient human plasma, indicating a tissue factor-like activity. NCG line possessing the highest PCA also showed a high PAA, which was inhibited by pretreatment of cell suspensions with phospholipase A2 and abolished in the presence of heparin, hirudin or MD805 in the assay system. Human leukemia cell lines and mature lymphocytes had weak to moderate PCAs without showing PAA, but became active to express PAA after being removed of cell surface sialic acid by neuraminidase. These results suggest that in neuroblastoma, PCA closely linked with PAA may play a role in the hematogenous metastasis. In hemopoietic cells, PAA expressed when cell surface sialic acid is removed does not correlate with PCA, and sialic acid in these cells possibly prevents direct interaction with platelets in the hemostatic homeostasis.
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Seehase, Sophie, Marco Schlepütz, Christina Schlumbohm, Eberhard Fuchs, Franz-Josef Kaup, Norbert Krug, Armin Braun, Christian Martin, and Katherina Sewald. "Characterisation Of Marmoset Precision Cut Lung Slices (PCLS): Comparison With Human Tissue." In American Thoracic Society 2010 International Conference, May 14-19, 2010 • New Orleans. American Thoracic Society, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2010.181.1_meetingabstracts.a5032.

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Stinson, Rebecca, Alyn Morice, and Laura Sadofsky. "Modelling Rhinovirus-16 (RV16) Infection using Human Precision Cut Lung Slices (PCLS)." In ERS International Congress 2021 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2021.pa1944.

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