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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Human movement'
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1
Revelle, Matthew. "Representing and visualizing articulated movement." Fairfax, VA : George Mason University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1920/4570.
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Thesis (M.S.)--George Mason University, 2009.Vita: p. 29. Thesis director: Zoran Durić. Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Computer Science. Title from PDF t.p. (viewed Oct. 11, 2009). Includes bibliographical references (p. 27-28). Also issued in print.
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Syed, Shazali Syed Tarmizi. "Human behaviour modelling through Human Intelligent Movement Software (HIMs)." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2010. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/6382.
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The concept of sustainable urban environments aims to provide urban facilities including transport interchanges that can accommodate a wide spectrum of the human population irrespective of gender, age or disability. A major objective is to reduce levels of social exclusion which arise from inadequacy in infrastructure that strongly affects certain members of society such as the elderly, disabled and poor. This research focuses on the particular aspect of crowded public spaces where it is envisaged that improvements in crowd flow could be achieved by a proper consideration of all the users of the space but particularly the elderly and disabled. The ultimate objective would be design tools that provide architects with the means to achieve inclusivity in design for the elderly and disabled with relative ease and speed. Therefore, this research has developed a methodology and a computing tool to implement aspects of human walking behaviour in public spaces. Human behaviours have been studied using a large-scale video observation involving over 17,000 subjects. The videos have been analysed to determine a number of different behaviours and their relationship to distinguishing characteristics of the subjects such as age, gender and disability. Algorithms for representing these behaviours have been developed and implemented as a simulation tool (HIMs) within commercially available gaming software. Two case studies, within shopping malls and a bus station, have been carried out to illustrate the feasibility of the work and simple examples of small environmental design changes that significantly affect crowd flow are shown.
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Kamada, Kohji. "Rightward movement phenomena in human language." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/5820.
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The aim of my thesis is to show that some properties of rightward movement constructions (a cover term referring to sentences where an element appears to be “displaced” to the right) may be derived from syntactic principles and interface conditions within the framework of the minimalist program, and also to claim that properties which have up to now been dealt with purely in syntax receive a better account in terms of language processing. I develop a nonmovement approach to the Japanese Post-Verbal Construction (JPVC) by claiming that a postverbal phrase is adjoined to an element by External Merge, and that it is permitted as a syntactic object by a licensing condition which allows it to be construed as an argument or a modifier by interpretive rules at the interface level (SEM/LF). Many syntactic properties of the JPVC are accounted for in terms of independently motivated interface conditions and syntactic principles. I assume that the parser is a system that can make use of UG principles as well as language particular rules, and that the parser should be universal. The interaction of syntactic principles with parsing strategies makes it possible to cope with elusive problems concerning scope ambiguity as well as locality effects observed in the JPVC. This interaction may also account for the Right Roof Constraint effect displayed by the rightward movement constructions in English (i.e., Heavy "P Shift (H"PS), Extraposition from "P, and Right Dislocation). Furthermore, it predicts that languages fall into three types with respect to the possibility of the HNPS construction: (i) both subjects and objects can appear in postverbal position (e.g., Italian, Japanese, Turkish); (ii) subjects cannot do so (e.g., English); (iii) neither subjects nor objects can appear in postverbal position (e.g., Dutch, German). The claim that there is a parsing strategy relating to linear distance is supported by an experiment designed as a test for the effect of the length of intervening elements on acceptability of the JPVC, with the data obtained using Magnitude Estimation, a technique used in psychophysics to measure judgements of sensory stimuli.
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Olivier, Stephen Chris. "Ethical issues in human movement research." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1015402.
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In acknowledging past abuses of humans in research contexts, and recognising the potential for malpractices in Human Movement Studies (HMS), this study evaluated the extent to which ethical issues are addressed in the discipline. The primary method consisted of the standard techniques of philosophic analysis, with empirical data complementing the conclusions. In general, the study contends that insufficient attention is paid to ethical issues in HMS research. In response to a set of specifically constructed, ethically problematic research proposals, only 1.8% of comments from senior researchers advocated rejection of the proposals on ethical grounds. Also, a journal search indicated that consideration of ethical issues in published research may largely be absent. Questionnaire responses revealed that South African HMS departments may be deficient in terms of accountability towards ethical guidelines. Whilst noting the existence of utilitarian ethics in HMS research, it is advocated that deontologic principles should take precedence. Further, only a sound educative effort will produce improvements. In conclusion, this study advocates a deontology-based approach to research ethics. This is consistent with the contention that the use of humans in research is a privilege, and that the rights of participants ought to outweigh the desire of researchers to conduct research.
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Cramer, Aaron Richard. "The significance of the similarities and distinctions between the anti-abortion movement and the civil rights movement." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1997. http://www.tren.com.
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Henriks, Olof. "Mapping physical movement parameters to auditory parameters by using human body movement." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för datavetenskap och kommunikation (CSC), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-200831.
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This study focuses on evaluating a system containing five different mappings of physical movement parameters to auditory parameters. Physical parameter variables such as size, location, among others, were obtained by using a motion tracking system, where the two hands of the user would work as rigid bodies. Translating these variables to auditory parameter variables gave the ability to control different parameters of MIDI files. The aim of the study was to determine how well a total of five participants, all with prior musical knowledge and experience, could adapt to the system concerning both user generated data as well as overall user experience. The study showed that the participants developed a positive personal engagement with the system and this way of audio and music alteration. Exploring the initial mappings of the system established ideas for future development of the system in potential forthcoming work.
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Ingram, Helen Anne. "Sensorimotor integration and control in human movement." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.302009.
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Duncan, Audrey. "Reflex modulation in human movement and posture." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367627.
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Human soleus H-reflex gain was measured in supine lying and in standing vertically while stabilised by a backboard. H-reflex amplitude was less in stabilised standing than in supine lying. The reduction was partly due to the effect of gravitational load. When the same load was applied (by compression of the body between shoulders and feet) while lying supine the corresponding reduction was 70%. The results are discussed in relation to possible gravitational load receptors. In a second series of experiments a collapsible landing platform was used to differentiate between reflex and programmed contributions to EMG activity in landing from a jump. Post-landing activity of the calf muscles was a short latency spinal reflex triggered by ankle rotation. In the rectus femoris muscle, activity was programmed for short falls and had a reflex component in longer falls. When the collapsible platform caused a landing to occur at a time later than anticipated, reflex gain was increased in the gastrocnemius, biceps femoris and rectus femoris muscles. Experimental results were consistent with the time that would be required for descending pathways to modulate the reflex gain and an appropriate model is proposed.
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Wesolowski, Amy. "Quantifying Human Movement Patterns for Public Health." Research Showcase @ CMU, 2014. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/329.
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Human travel affects important processes in public health and infectious disease dynamics. Refined spatial and temporal data are needed to accurately model how the dynamics of human travel contribute to epidemiological patterns of disease as well as access to healthcare resources. Here, I address a number of key issues related to modeling human mobility patterns and applications for understanding the spatial spread of infectious diseases and geographic access to public health resources. Using large sources of behavioral data anonymously collected from mobile phones within two African countries, I first analyze the utility of these data to quantify human mobility patterns as well as the usefulness of common modeling frameworks. Then I compare these data to two more common sources of human travel data: the national census and a comprehensive travel survey. Next, I use these data to assess the impact of human travel on the movement of malaria parasites. The final component of my thesis focuses on the utility of this data source to generally understand the role of geographic isolation on travel patterns to better understand the disparity between areas with various levels of access to public resources and the uptake of preventative healthcare such as immunizations and antenatal care.
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Alshabani, Ali Khair Saber. "Statistical analysis of human movement functional data." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.421478.
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Thomik, Andreas Alexander Christian. "On the structure of natural human movement." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/61827.
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Understanding of human motor control is central to neuroscience with strong implications in the fields of medicine, robotics and evolution. It is thus surprising that the vast majority of motor control studies have focussed on human movement in the laboratory while neglecting behaviour in natural environments. We developed an experimental paradigm to quantify human behaviour in high resolution over extended periods of time in ecologically relevant environments. This allows us to discover novel insights and contradictory evidence to well-established findings obtained in controlled laboratory conditions. Using our data, we map the statistics of natural human movement and their variability between people. The variability and complexity of the data recorded in these settings required us to develop new tools to extract meaningful information in an objective, data-driven fashion. Moving from descriptive statistics to structure, we identify stable structures of movement coordination, particularly within the arm-hand area. Combining our data with numerous published findings, we argue that current hypotheses that the brain simplifies motor control problems by dimensionality reduction are too reductionist. We propose an alternative hypothesis derived from sparse coding theory, a concept which has been successfully applied to the sensory system. To investigate this idea, we develop an algorithm for unsupervised identification of sparse structures in natural movement data. Our method outperforms state-of-the-art algorithms for accuracy and data-efficiency. Applying this method to hand data reveals a dictionary of \emph{sparse eigenmotions} (SEMs) which are well preserved across multiple subjects. These are highly efficient and invariant representation of natural movement, and suggest a potential higher-order grammatical structure or ''movement language''. Our findings make a number of testable predictions about neural coding of movement in the cortex. This has direct consequences for advancing research on dextrous prosthetics and robotics, and has profound implications for our understanding of how the brain controls our body.
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Dyer, John. "Human movement sonification for motor skill learning." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2017. https://pure.qub.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/human-movement-sonification-for-motor-skill-learning(4bda096c-e8ab-4af4-8f35-7445c6b0cb7e).html.
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Transforming human movement into live sound can be used as a method to enhance motor skill learning via the provision of augmented perceptual feedback. A small but growing number of studies hint at the substantial efficacy of this approach, termed 'movement sonification'. However there has been sparse discussion in Psychology about how movement should be mapped onto sound to best facilitate learning. The current thesis draws on contemporary research conducted in Psychology and theoretical debates in other disciplines more directly concerned with sonic interaction - including Auditory Display and Electronic Music-Making - to propose an embodied account of sonification as feedback. The empirical portion of the thesis both informs and tests some of the assumptions of this approach with the use of a custom bimanual coordination paradigm. Four motor skill learning studies were conducted with the use of optical motion-capture. Findings support the general assumption that effective mappings aid learning by making task-intrinsic perceptual information more readily available and meaningful, and that the relationship between task demands and sonic information structure (or, between action and perception) should be complementary. Both the theoretical and empirical treatments of sonification for skill learning in this thesis suggest the value of an approach which addresses learner experience of sonified interaction while grounding discussion in the links between perception and action.
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Challis, John Henry. "Estimating individual muscle forces in human movement." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1991. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/32900.
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If individual muscle forces could be routinely calculated in vivo, non-invasively, considerable insight could be obtained into the etiology of injuries and the training of muscle for rehabilitation and sport. As there are generally more muscles crossing a joint than there are degrees of freedom at the joint, determining the individual forces in the muscles crossing a joint is a non-trivial problem. This study focused on the development of the procedures necessary to estimate the individual muscle forces during a dumbell curl, and the measurement procedures required for the determination of the necessary input parameters. The procedures developed could easily be applied to other body movements.
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Molloy, A. J. "Force sensing for measuring human body movement." Thesis, Aston University, 2006. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/15354/.
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The research developed in this thesis explores the sensing and inference of human movement in a dynamic way, as opposed to conventional measurement systems, that are only concerned with discrete evaluations of stimuli in sequential time. Typically, conventional approaches are used to infer the dynamic movement of the body; such as vision and motion tracking devices, with either a human diagnosis or complex image processing algorithm to classify the movement. This research is therefore the first of its kind to attempt and provide a movement classifying algorithm through the use of minimal sensing points, with the application for this novel system, to classify human movement during a golf swing. There are two main categories of force sensing. Firstly, array-type systems consisting of many sensing elements, and are the most commonly researched and commercially available. Secondly, reduced force sensing element systems (RFSES) also known as distributive systems have only been recently exploited in the academic world. The fundamental difference between these systems is that array systems handle the data captured from each sensor as unique outputs and suffer the effects of resolution. The effect of resolution, is the error in the load position measurement between sensing elements, as the output is quantized in terms of position. This can be compared to a reduced sensor element system that maximises that data received through the coupling of data from a distribution of sensing points to describe the output in discrete time. Also this can be extended to a coupling of transients in the time domain to describe an activity or dynamic movement. It is the RFSES that is to be examined and exploited in the commercial sector due to its advantages over array-based approaches such as reduced design, computational complexity and cost.
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Polsgrove, Myles Jay. "Optimizing human movement through knowledge and understanding." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3344594.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of Kinesiology, School of Health, Physical Education and Recreation, 2008.Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on Oct. 5, 2009). Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 70-02, Section: A, page: 0513. Advisers: David L. Gallahue; Thomas M. Schwen.
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Hagnell, Fredrik. "Predicting Human Movement Patterns in an Office Environment." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-188787.
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This project is built on the idea of predicting future human movement in an area. The algorithm’s predictions are based on previous movements in the area which has to be recorded somehow. For this a device with a motion sensor was setup to monitor the movement in a hallway in an office. This data was then used to test and evaluate the prediction algorithm. To give feedback about the movement and how it is changing to the people working in the office the setup device shows sentences on a monitor which describes the movement. The project resulted in a fully working application which measures people walking by, both when and how fast, and predicts future movement. Due to time constraints of the project the device was only up and running for two weeks. This is enough time to get some understanding of how well the prediction algorithm works, but a longer experiment time would have further helped the evaluation. The results showed that the algorithm can predict most of the events during the day, but is bad at predicting sudden spikes or other unusual behavior.Projektet är baserat på idén att förutse framtida mänsklig rörelse i ett område. För att noggrant kunna förutse framtida rörelse så behöver man kunna mäta tidigare rörelse. För detta så sattes en anordning upp med en rörelse detektor för att mäta rörelsen i en korridor i ett kontor. Data som samlades in användes sedan för att testa och utvärdera förutsägelse algoritmen. För att ge feed-back om rörelsen och hur den ändras till människorna som jobbade i kontoret så visade anordningen meningar på en skärm som beskrev rörelsen. Projektet resulterade i en fullt fungerade applikation som mäter folk som går förbi, både när och hur snabbt, och förutser framtida rörelse. På grund av tids begränsningar i projektet så var anordningen bara uppe och mätte data i två veckor. Detta är tillräckligt mycket tid för att få någon förståelse över hur bra förutsägelse algoritmen fungerar, men en längre experiment tid skulle ha hjälpt utvärderingen. Resultaten visade att algoritmen kan förutse de flesta händelserna under dagen, men är dålig på att förutse plötsliga spikar eller annat ovanligt beteende.
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Lord, Patrick Jean. "Real-time analysis and display of human movement." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/79450.
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Fayé, Ian C. "An impedance controlled manipulandum for human movement studies." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/15024.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 1986.MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ENGINEERING
Bibliography: leaves 216-217.
by Ian C. Fayé.
M.S.
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Baker, Lauren Patricia. "An Exploration of Movement and the Human Form." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32262.
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The Human form can be translated and diagrammed in multiple components, such as movement, structure, emotion, and tendency. As the art of dance redefines the limits of the body, these characteristics can be directly applied to the development of and progression through an architectural space. By abstracting movement of the human body, an architectural form can be derived. Observing movement of the human body through an architectural space provides potential design insight and direction. Taking the existing components of the skin and bone in the human body, a structural form and potentially limitless skin for a building can be obtained.
How does movement occur within a space and how can an architectural space be designed to 'move'?
Master of Architecture
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Fogg, Erica J. "An inertial sensor system for analysing human movement." Thesis, University of Bath, 2006. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.428432.
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Fabbri, Sara. "Selectivity for Movement Direction in the Human Brain." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trento, 2011. https://hdl.handle.net/11572/368775.
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In daily life, we frequently execute reaching movements, for example to be able to grasp our mobile phone. The processing of movement direction is fundamental to efficiently reach the target object. Many neurophysiological studies reported neuronal populations selective for movement direction in many regions of the monkey brain.
In my thesis, I investigated which areas in the human brain show directional selectivity. Moreover, I measured to what extent directional selective regions are sensitive to changes in other movement parameters, like the type of motor act and movement amplitude. In three functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) experiments, participants were adapted to execute reaching movements in the adaptation direction. Occasionally, test trials were presented. Test trials differed from adaptation trials in movement direction only, or in movement direction as well as in another movement parameter (Experiment 1 and 2: type of motor act; Experiment 3: movement amplitude). By comparing the fMRI signal in conditions where only movement direction was manipulated with conditions where also other movement parameters changed, we were able to measure sensitivity of directionally tuned neuronal populations to these additional movement parameters.
Multiple regions in the human visuomotor system showed selectivity for movement direction. This selectivity was modulated by the type of motor act to varying degrees, with the largest effect in M1 and the smallest modulation in the parietal reach region. Moreover, directional selectivity was clearly sensitive also to changes in movement amplitude. These results extend the current knowledge on the representation of actions from monkey physiology to the human brain and furthermore may have important practical implications for restoring lost motor functions in tetraplagic patients.
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Fabbri, Sara. "Selectivity for Movement Direction in the Human Brain." Doctoral thesis, University of Trento, 2011. http://eprints-phd.biblio.unitn.it/437/1/Fabbri_PhDThesis.pdf.
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In daily life, we frequently execute reaching movements, for example to be able to grasp our mobile phone. The processing of movement direction is fundamental to efficiently reach the target object. Many neurophysiological studies reported neuronal populations selective for movement direction in many regions of the monkey brain.
In my thesis, I investigated which areas in the human brain show directional selectivity. Moreover, I measured to what extent directional selective regions are sensitive to changes in other movement parameters, like the type of motor act and movement amplitude. In three functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) experiments, participants were adapted to execute reaching movements in the adaptation direction. Occasionally, test trials were presented. Test trials differed from adaptation trials in movement direction only, or in movement direction as well as in another movement parameter (Experiment 1 and 2: type of motor act; Experiment 3: movement amplitude). By comparing the fMRI signal in conditions where only movement direction was manipulated with conditions where also other movement parameters changed, we were able to measure sensitivity of directionally tuned neuronal populations to these additional movement parameters.
Multiple regions in the human visuomotor system showed selectivity for movement direction. This selectivity was modulated by the type of motor act to varying degrees, with the largest effect in M1 and the smallest modulation in the parietal reach region. Moreover, directional selectivity was clearly sensitive also to changes in movement amplitude. These results extend the current knowledge on the representation of actions from monkey physiology to the human brain and furthermore may have important practical implications for restoring lost motor functions in tetraplagic patients.
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Knopp, Benjamin [Verfasser], and Dominik [Akademischer Betreuer] Endres. "Perception of Human Movement Based on Modular Movement Primitives / Benjamin Knopp ; Betreuer: Dominik Endres." Marburg : Philipps-Universität Marburg, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1235139409/34.
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Johns, Alun M. "The movement of cyclopean contours." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.300054.
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Atkinson, Mark A. "Attention to human movement : visual orienting during joint action." Thesis, University of Essex, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.635551.
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Both the gaze and actions of another are powerful cues for guiding visual attention in the environment. Nonetheless, empirical investigations of action as a cue for orienting are curiously rare when compared to those for gaze. This is more remarkable in the light of diverse evidence signifying that uniquely for observed action; specialised mechanisms may directly map attentional processes used during the performance of the same actions.
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Trewartha, Grant. "Video-based automatic tracking of three-dimensional human movement." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2001. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/12942.
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The collection of kinematic data is routinely required for the biomechanical analysis of human movements. Available methods for obtaining kinematic data can be categorised into (a) direct methods, which are often limited by bulky instrumentation, and (b) imagebased methods. Current image-based methods generally necessitate the use of artificial body markers to aid the identification of body parts. A model-based method for the automatic tracking of human movement without the aid of body markers was developed. The approach constructed a three-dimensional (3D) computer graphics human body model that was customised to individual subjects via incorporation of subject-specific anthropometric data and appropriate colouring of model segments. Video image sequences of human movement were collected from multiple synchronised camera views. The environment from each camera view was simulated so that computer-generated model images containing the human body model could be matched to the associated video images. The human body model configuration was optimised through iterative adaptation of the model configuration in order to minimise the RGB colour difference between the model images and video images. A number of synthetic and video movement sequences were analysed using the tracking method. Synthetic image sequences of rigid and articulated motion were tracked with good accuracy. The tracking estimates obtained from video data of aerial movements were compared to estimates obtained via established procedures to provide an indication of the accuracy of the proposed approach. Movements that were successfully tracked returned estimates with errors comparable to manual digitising estimates. More complex twisting movements were tracked but with larger errors on all variables. The robustness of the tracking system was investigated through examination of tracking results following systematic perturbations made to selected tracking parameters. On both synthetic and real data the tracking estimates were found to be relatiyely robust to perturbations in camera and lighting parameters and reduced colour contrast. It was concluded that the tracking system presents a viable method for marker-free human movement tracking without representing a final solution to the problem.
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Derringer, Kathryn. "Angiogenesis in human dental pulp following orthodontic tooth movement." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.271545.
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Kai, Lauren C. (Lauren Catherine). "Effects of varying inertial load on human wrist movement." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/32938.
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Thesis (S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2005.Includes bibliographical references (p. 44).
To study natural wrist movements in human subjects, a magnetic motion sensing system was employed to document unimpeded motion. Three identical bottles of different weights were designed as handles to provide a wide range of inertial loads. Subjects executed a series of horizontal and vertical moves with each bottle at two different speeds. Hypotheses concerning the effects of increased load on target overshoot, maximum acceleration and speed, and hand tremors were tested. The frequency content seen in the natural speed trials was found to resemble a normal distribution. This higher area of frequency content could potentially correlate with the frequency of hand tremors. After analysis of overshoot, there was found to be no statistical difference in the percent overshoot of movements by varying the weight of the handles. The data showed that the highest accelerations and speeds of the empty bottle were faster than those of the medium weight or the heavy weight bottle. One possible interpretation of this is that human wrist movement is force limited and there is a maximum acceleration at which humans can move.
by Lauren C. Kai.
S.B.
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Luxemburg, Michael, and Hanna Jönsson. "Quantum Dot Movement on Human Lung Epithelial Cell Line." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för teknikvetenskap (SCI), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-195672.
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Inhalationsläkemedel är den främsta behandlingsmetoden för lungsjukdomar såsom astma och KOL. Förutom medicinering inandas vi dessutom miljardtals luftmolekyler varje dag varav en del är föroreningar. Hur dessa ämnen påverkar lunghälsan beror i hög grad på spridningen över lungcellerna. För att mediciner ska absorberas effektivt och luftföroreningar inte ska fastna och ackumuleras, krävs ett funktionellt transportsystem över lungcellerna såsom cellernas cilier. Denna studie ämnar undersöka kvantpartiklars spridning på lungceller utsatta för olika förhållanden som har visats påverka ciliers mobilitet. Specifikt undersöks spridning av 3-MPA täckta CdSe-CdS/ZnS kvantprickar på Calu-3-celler odlade med luft-vätska gränssnitt (ALI) och hur väl lämpade dessa celler är för denna typ av studier. Konfokalmikroskop användes för att studera cellerna vid olika temperaturer samt efter inkubering i saltlösning. Som jämförelse utfördes experiment med kvantprickar i vatten och på döda celler odlade med vätska-vätska gränssnitt (LLI). Resultaten visar att spridningen över ALI Calu-3-celler är starkt kopplad till fluktuationer i cellagret snarare än de olika ciliemodulerande förhållandena. Vi drar därför slutsatsen att ALI Calu-3-celler inte är optimala för studier av ciliers funktion kopplad till spridningshastighet.
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Townsend, J. S. "Algorithms for multi-modal human movement and behaviour monitoring." Thesis, Nottingham Trent University, 2011. http://irep.ntu.ac.uk/id/eprint/136/.
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This thesis describes investigations into improvements in the field of automated people tracking using multi-modal infrared (IR) and visible image information. The research question posed is; “To what extent can infrared image information be used to improve visible light based human tracking systems?” Automated passive tracking of human subjects is an active research area which has been approached in many ways. Typical approaches include the segmentation of the foreground, the location of humans, model initialisation and subject tracking. Sensor reliability evaluation and fusion methods are also key research areas in multi-modal systems. Shifting illumination and shadows can cause issues with visible images when attempting to extract foreground regions. Images from thermal IR cameras, which use long-wavelength infrared (LWIR) sensors, demonstrate high invariance to illumination. It is shown that thermal IR images often provide superior foreground masks using pixel level statistical extraction techniques in many scenarios. Experiments are performed to determine if cues are present at the data level that may indicate the quality of the sensor as an input. Modality specific measures are proposed as possible indicators of sensor quality (determined by foreground extraction capability). A sensor and application specific method for scene evaluation is proposed, whereby sensor quality is measured at the pixel level. A neuro-fuzzy inference system is trained using the scene quality measures to assess a series of scenes and make a modality decision. Results show a high degree of accuracy in selecting the optimum modality in a number of separate environmental conditions. The use of colour to identify subjects post-occlusion is typical in tracking. Effectiveness is reduced as the subject count increases with a consequent increased likelihood of similarity between subjects. Experiments are proposed to determine whether a specific histogram parameter configuration, capable of discriminating between subjects in multiple environmental conditions, can be established. An exhaustive search approach for establishing an improved histogram configuration is undertaken using a novel evaluation metric, which assesses the separation of results from intra-subject and intersubject histogram comparisons. Multi-modal, multi-dimensional results show that a 2-D Hue and IR configuration provides greater discrimination than either visible or IR configurations. A tracking system is developed to demonstrate that the methods and configurations can be applied holistically in a real situation. The system is evaluated in a variety of scenarios using challenging subject data aimed at establishing the limits of the system’s capabilities. Through addressing the research question, contributions to the field have been made consisting of: demonstrating the use of a trained neuro-fuzzy inference system to evaluate modality attributes, and the establishment of a generalised multi-modal histogram-based similarity measure to assist in re-establishing subject identity postocclusion. The modular nature of these methods has been demonstrated by inclusion in a developed feature-rich tracking system.
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Thati, Satish Kumar, and Venkata Praneeth Mareedu. "Determining the Quality of Human Movement using Kinect Data." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för tillämpad signalbehandling, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-13819.
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Health is one of the most important elements in every individual’s life. Even though there is much advancement in science, the quality of healthcare has never been up to the mark. This appears to be true especially in the field of Physiotherapy. Physiotherapy is the analysis of human joints and bodies and providing remedies for any pains or injuries that might have affected the physiology of a body. To give patients a top notch quality health analysis and treatment, either the number of doctors should increase, or there should be an alternative replacement for a doctor. Our Master Thesis is aimed at developing a prototype which can aid in providing healthcare of high standards to the millions. Methods: Microsoft Kinect SDK 2.0 is used to develop the prototype. The study shows that Kinect can be used both as Marker-based and Marker less systems for tracking human motion. The degree angles formed from the motion of five joints namely shoulder, elbow, hip, knee and ankle were calculated. The device has infrared, depth and colour sensors in it. Depth data is used to identify the parts of the human body using pixel intensity information and the located parts are mapped onto RGB colour frame. The image resulting from the Kinect skeleton mode was considered as the images resulting from the markerless system and used to calculate the angle of the same joints. In this project, data generated from the movement tracking algorithm for Posture Side and Deep Squat Side movements are collected and stored for further evaluation. Results: Based on the data collected, our system automatically evaluates the quality of movement performed by the user. The system detected problems in static posture and Deep squat based on the feedback on our system by Physiotherapist.
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McCoy, Robert Klete. "The study of human head movement on Spacelab 1." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1985. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/130996.
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Thesis: M.S., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 1985Bibliography: leaves 259-260.
by Robert Klete McCoy.
M.S.
M.S. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering
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Choi, Sung In. "Smart Localized Heating Control System With Human Movement Tracking." Master's thesis, Temple University Libraries, 2016. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/407171.
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Electrical EngineeringM.S.E.E.
According to the U.S. energy consumption survey in 2012, about 25% of the commercial and 42% of the residential building energy were used for heating. Despite the development of new and more efficient Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems over the years, the high energy consumption in heating is still one of the major energy efficiency issues. Studies showed that decreasing HVAC operating temperature set points by 4°F will result in energy savings of 15% or more. Thus, the smart localized heating control (SLHC) system was designed and prototyped to provide localized heat directly to a person so that HVAC can run at a lower temperature set point. SLHC detects human movement and delivers the heat based on the result of the target location estimation and temperature measurement feedback. To detect the human movement, image processing techniques were used; image segmentation, mass center detection, background subtraction using the Mixture of Gaussian model, and human feature detection. In SLHC, a near-infrared heater and a tracking function were used to provide an instant and a direct heat to the person in order to minimize wasting energy. The SLHC system is divided into the sensing and processing (SP) and the heating and regulating (HR) subsystem. The SP’s primary function is to process captured video images and measured temperature data. SP also generates and sends the heater operating signal to HR. HR purposes to control the heater’s direction and power based on the signal. The communication between SP and HR was established through Wi-Fi enabled development platform. The SLHC prototype successfully processed the sensing data and transmitted the control signal. The result shows that it detected human movement and estimated the person’s location in 3D space within 10% margin of error. Also, it delivered the focused heat to the surface of the human body and increased the temperature by 10.0°F in 3 minutes at the distance of 1.5m away from the heater. This cost-effective, wireless, and localized heating system demonstrates the potential to improve energy efficiency in buildings.
Temple University--Theses
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Bei, Yanhong. "Dynamic simulation of knee joint contact during human movement." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2003. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0002364.
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Yew, Chun Keat. "Human movement energy harvesting : a non-linear electromagnetic approach." Thesis, University of Hull, 2015. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:15151.
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Energy harvesting is one of the methods that currently engage actively in energy “recycling”. Of the many energy sources that carry the potential to have energy harvested and recycled, humans are seen as a potential source of energy. High amounts of energy are wasted from daily activities that humans do, if only a portion of the wasted energy can be harvested and reused with the aim of improving the quality of life of the user. To do that, the accelerations of selected movements are recorded from sensors attached to four different locations of the body. Human movements operate on a low and wide frequency scale, nonlinear energy harvesting techniques is seen as a suitable technique to be applied. Nonlinear energy harvesting techniques are expected to increase the bandwidth of operation of the energy harvester. The electromagnetic method of transduction is also selected (using two opposing magnets) to be paired with the nonlinear energy harvesting techniques to evaluate the potential of energy harvesting from human movements. The pick-up coil to be used will be placed at a novel location within the energy harvester prototype. Through simulations and experiments, frequency responses obtained did show an increase in bandwidth which agrees with literature from nonlinear energy harvesting techniques. Phase portraits are also used to provide a more in depth understanding on the movements from the cantilever under linear and nonlinear dynamics. Result comparisons were made between the simulation model and the experimental prototype to verify the agreement between the two. Additionally, results obtained also showed that the resonant frequency of the system was reduced when operating under the nonlinear regime. These attribute favour energy harvesting though human movements. Finally, the novel placement of the pick-up coil within the nonlinear electromagnetic energy harvester had the desired effect. Similar power outputs were achieved even though the separation distances between the two opposing magnets were varied.
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AWAID, MOSTAFA. "Human upper limb movement assessment based on wearable sensors." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2108/211154.
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The advances in medical technologies have continued to improve diagnostic and measurement devices, eventually leading to better healthcare. Glove-based systems represent one of the most important efforts aimed at acquiring hand movement data. On the other hand, inertial motion sensor is the best device for biomechanics studies because it is transportable, small, low cost, ease to be set up and less burdensome to the subject. However, processing and accuracy of the data obtained are essential issues for research purposes. The work in this dissertation are divided into three studies as follow:
The first, is to analyze hand function after hand surgery as it represents the first step the clinician has to address before defining the rehabilitation procedure and to follow the rehabilitation process for any patient. In this research, the Range of Motion (ROM) for all fingers and the ability of participants to repeat two ADL (Activities of Daily Living)-based tasks were investigated. For two patient subjects, the results were compared to that of healthy subjects. The major goals is to furnish the clinicians a tool capable of measuring objectively human hand movements and quantify the recovery of motor function during the rehabilitation.
The second study, is to validate the inertial-based system as a wearable sensor for upper limb motion analysis with optical tracking system used for co-registration as a gold standard system. The estimated angles between elbow and wrist joints of two systems were compared to address the challenges. Furtherly the inertial sensors allow clinicians to record human movements performed in normal activity daily life, so that they can remotely study the results. It is capable of tracking human upper limb motions, reconstructing the human model, monitoring human health status, positioning and recording human itinerary in ADL environment. The analyzed results will be used to know the accuracy and correlation between two systems.
The last study, is to validate the inertial sensor device with minimal human intervention. In addition, design a tri-axial rotational set up (Gimbal) to be used as a reference. The comparison between the actual angular velocity of the inertial sensor and different constant angular speeds of Gimbal was done to calculate the coincident and error with rotating speeds.
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Kurt, Ugur Halis. "Anticipation of Human Movements : Analyzing Human Action and Intention: An Experimental Serious Game Approach." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för informationsteknologi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-15777.
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What is the difference between intention and action? To start answering this complex question, we have created a serious game that allows us to capture a large quantity of experimental data and study human behavior. In the game, users catch flies, presented to the left or to the right of the screen, by dragging the tongue of a frog across a touchscreen monitor. The movement of interest has a predefined starting point (the frog) and necessarily transits through a via-point (a narrow corridor) before it proceeds to the chosen left/right direction. Meanwhile, the game collects data about the movement performed by the player. This work is focused on the analysis of such movements. We try to find criteria that will allow us to predict (as early as possible) the direction (left/right) chosen by the player. This is done by analyzing kinematic information (e.g. trajectory, velocity profile, etc.). Also, processing such data according to the dynamical movement primitives approach, allows us to find further criteria that support a classification of human movement. Our preliminary results show that individually considered, participants tend to create and use stereotypical behaviors that can be used to formulate predictions about the subjects’ intention to reach in one direction or the other, early after the onset of the movement.
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Marais, Ronel. "Physiological changes associated with lateral movement training of netball players." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/51874.
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Thesis (MMBK.)--Stellenbosch University, 2000.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of a six-week lateral movement training programme on selected physiological variables in netball players. Calf and thigh girth measurements, mass, body fat percentage, lateral agility, lateral flexibility, dynamic balance, heart rate and isokinetic concentric and eccentric quadriceps, hamstring, abductor and adductor muscle strength, were measured. A pre-recorded, six-week slide board training programme was followed in order to: increase calf and thigh girth measurements, decrease mass, decrease body fat percentage, increase lateral agility, increase lateral flexibility, better dynamic balance, meet the prescribed guidelines in terms of heart rate and increase the isokinetic muscle strength. The subjects (n=23) were between the ages of 18-23 years. They either played netball for the 1st or 2nd netball teams of the Maties Netball Club, or for the 1st or 2nd netball teams of the residence Nerina. They entered the study voluntarily. All of the subjects participated in the pre- and posttests. Fourteen subjects completed the six-week lateral movement training programme. Various significant differences (p < 0.05) were found between the pre- and post-test measurements: a significant decrease in body fat percentage, an increase in lateral agility, a decrease in mass, an increase in dynamic balance, an increase in concentric and eccentric abductor and adductor muscle strength, as well as an appropriate aerobic heart rate response. It was concluded that the lateral movement training programme proved to be beneficial to netball players at any level of fitness and participation. The programme provided an excellent aerobic workout, with either improvement or maintenance of the selected variables.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van die studie was om ondersoek in te stel na die invloed van In ses-weeklange laterale bewegingsoefenprogram op geselekteerde fisiologiese veranderlikes in netbal speelsters. Kuit- en bobeenomtrekmates, massa, liggaamsvetpersentasie, laterale ratsheid, laterale lenigheid, dinamiese balans, harttempo en isokinetiese konsentriese en eksentriese quadriceps-, hampeus-, abduktor- en adduktorspierkrag, is gemeet. In Vooraf opgestelde, ses-weeklange laterale oefenprogram is gevolg om: die kuit- en bobeenomtrekmates te vergroot, die massa te verminder, die liggaamsvetpersentasie te verlaag, die verbetering van laterale ratsheid, laterale lenigheid en dinamiese balans te bewerkstellig, die voorgestelde riglyne in terme van harttempo te handhaaf en om isokinetiese spierkrag te vermeerder. Die proefpersone (n=23) was tussen 18-23 jaar oud. Die proefpersone het óf vir die 1ste of 2de netbalspanne van die Maties Netbalklub gespeel, óf vir die 1ste of 2de netbal spanne van die koshuis Nerina. Hulle deelname was volkome vrywillig. Al die proefpersone het aan die pre- en post-toetse deelgeneem. Veertien proefpersone het die ses-weeklange laterale bewegingsoefenprogram voltooi. Verskeie beduidende verskille (p < 0.05) tussen die pre- en post-toetse is gevind: 'n beduidende afname in liggaamsvetpersentasie, In toename in laterale ratsheid, In afname in massa, In toename in dinamiese balans, In toename in konsentriese en eksentriese abduktor- en adduktorspierkrag, asook In ooreenstemmende harttempo reaksie. Daar is tot die gevolgtrekking gekom dat die laterale bewegingsoefenprogram tot voordeel strek van netbalspeelsters op enige vlak van fiksheid en deelname. Die program bied In goeie aërobiese komponent met óf die verbetering, óf die handhawing van die geselekteerde veranderlikes.
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Holden, Sasha Marie. "The polygamy paradox : a feminist re-understanding of polygamy, human movement and human rights." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2018. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-polygamy-paradox(1b0d3cc8-4387-4e5f-a7fb-2c13e8d2a5de).html.
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This thesis is about the boundaries of domestic immigration law and international human rights regarding polygamy. It considers how polygamous wives are treated, and why. Polygamy has traditionally been viewed in the West as ‘harmful’, both to women and society. Western legal systems do not allow domestic plural marriage, and international human rights institutions recommend the prohibition of polygamy. Despite that, valid foreign polygamous marriages are recognised in the United Kingdom, particularly where it would be more harmful to do otherwise—except in immigration. The Immigration Act 1988 and Immigration Rules exclude additional polygamous wives from reuniting with their families. No exception is made and any harm that women are likely to suffer as a result is irrelevant. This thesis argues that the treatment of additional polygamous wives, particularly in the refugee context where women are more likely to be exposed to insecurity and harm, presents a ‘polygamy paradox’. While formal objections to polygamy are apparently based on harm, they are likely to cause more harm than good. This work interrogates the stance on polygamy to consider not only its paradoxical effect, but what informs this outcome. Applying a critical legal understanding, this thesis exposes not only the unintended consequences of the law. It also highlights what has shaped legal boundaries, historically and more recently, revealing a hidden bias that undermines the legitimacy and efficacy of laws and rights. This work concludes by offering a renewed feminist framework for the consideration of polygamy; one which takes account of gender, history and power. Ordinary epistemological foundations for the treatment of polygamy are disturbed, so the voices of women who have occupied a neglected space at the centre of laws, rights and reality as a relentlessly excluded ‘other’ are heard, and the content of laws and rights may be improved.
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Mahoney, Richard M. "Human target-directed position control." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.320154.
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Mack, Laura. "Human Rights, LGBT Movements and Identity: An Analysis of International and South African LGBT Websites." Connect to this title online, 2005. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=ohiou1125527098.
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Mix, Monica Clare. "Victims and Villains: A History of Women-Protective Claims in the Anti-Abortion Movement." Yale University, 2010. http://ymtdl.med.yale.edu/theses/available/etd-05042010-114435/.
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Claims asserting that abortion harms the mental, physical and emotional health of women have recently gained influence among the judicial and legislative branches of government as well as the general public. While there is a growing body of literature on the place of such women-protective arguments in the contemporary abortion debate, comparatively little has been written on the origins of such claims. This paper traces the role of women-protective claims within the anti-abortion movement from the early nineteenth century to the present, using a variety of primary source material, including medical and scientific texts, legal documents, and lay and popular publications. Special attention is given to the role of physicians in the abortion debate and, accordingly, primary source materials authored by physicians are used extensively. By following these women-protective arguments, this paper shows that while women-protective claims emerged as early as the nineteenth century as part of the first American movement to criminalize abortion, a distinct women-protective strategy was created by anti-abortion activists during the 1980s in an attempt to re-criminalize abortion by both increasing popular resistance to abortion and to posing a legal challenge to Roe v. Wade. In addition, this paper demonstrates that the modern women-protective strategy relied on a depiction of women as helpless victims who needed the government to save them from making their own decisions and restore them to their natural role as mothers.
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Renman, Casper. "Creating Human-like AI Movement in Games Using Imitation Learning." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för datavetenskap och kommunikation (CSC), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-210887.
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The way characters move and behave in computer and video games are important factors in their believability, which has an impact on the player’s experience. This project explores Imitation Learning using limited amounts of data as an approach to creating human-like AI behaviour in games, and through a user study investigates what factors determine if a character is human-like, when observed through the characters first-person perspective. The idea is to create or shape AI behaviour by recording one's own actions. The implemented framework uses a Nearest Neighbour algorithm with a KD-tree as the policy which maps a state to an action. Results showed that the chosen approach was able to create human-like AI behaviour while respecting the performance constraints of a modern 3D game.Sättet karaktärer rör sig och beter sig på i dator- och tvspel är viktiga faktoreri deras trovärdighet, som i sin tur har en inverkan på spelarens upplevelse. Det här projektet utforskar Imitation Learning med begränsad mängd data som etttillvägagångssätt för att skapa människolik rörelse för AI-karaktärer i spel, ochutforskar genom en användarstudie vilka faktorer som avgör om en karaktärär människolik, när karaktären observeras genom dess förstapersonsperspektiv. Iden är att skapa eller forma AI-beteende genom att spela in sina egna handlingar. Det implementerade ramverket använder en Nearest Neighbour-algoritmmed ett KD-tree som den policy som kopplar ett tillstånd till en handling. Resultatenvisade att det valda tillvägagångssättet lyckades skapa människolikt AI-beteende samtidigt som det respekterar beräkningskomplexitetsrestriktionersom ett modernt 3D-spel har.
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Mathie, Merryn Joy Electrical Engineering & Telecommunications Faculty of Engineering UNSW. "Monitoring and interpreting human movement patterns using a triaxial accelerometer." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, 2003. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/27386.
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This thesis addresses the hypothesis that a single, waist-mounted triaxial accelerometer (TA) can be used to monitor human movement patterns in unsupervised, freeliving subjects over extended periods, and that it can be used to quantitatively measure parameters that can provide clinical insight into the health status of the subject. A rigorous theoretical and experimental understanding of the signals obtained from a TA is developed. The effect of the placement of the TA device on the waist is explored and a model relating device position to TA signal is developed for a range of postures and activities. A classification framework for movement identification using the signals from a waist-mounted TA is presented. This framework is based on a hierarchical binary processing tree and is designed for real time use. An implementation of this framework for monitoring housebound patients is presented. Algorithms for detecting falls, distinguishing between activity and rest, classifiying transitions between different postural orientations, and for identifying periods of standing, sitting, lying and walking are developed. In evaluation studies performed in controlled laboratory conditions, every algorithm performed with better than 90% accuracy. Once movements are identified, movement-specific parameters sensitive to changes in functional status are extracted from the signal. A two stage methodology for employing the accelerometry system in monitoring free-living subjects is introduced. The first stage involved monitoring specific movements through a directed routine. The second stage involved monitoring of free movement. Signals obtained from the directed routine are used to extract clinically relevant, movement-specific parameters. Signals obtained from the period of free movement are monitored for falls and other abnormal events. General parameters of movement, including energy expenditure, are also measured. The system was evaluated in a series of field studies in laboratory and home environments, in supervised and unsupervised settings, using cohorts of healthy subjects. A pilot trial was conducted in which six healthy elderly subjects wore the TA device for a period of up to three months. The technical performance and useability of the system were evaluated. Clinically significant parameters were measured and the effects of age and health status on the measured parameters were evaluated.
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Williams, Sophia Mary. "Foundations to a holistic understanding of human movement and dance." Thesis, Institute of Education (University of London), 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.420079.
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Alhasoun, Fahad. "Understanding and modeling human movement in cities using phone data." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/107058.
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Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Computation for Design and Optimization Program, 2016.S.M. !c Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 2016
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 83-88).
Cities today are strained by the exponential growth in population where they are homes to the majority of world's population. Understanding the complexities underlying the emerging behaviors of human travel patterns on the city level is essential toward making informed decision-making pertaining to urban transportation infrastructures This thesis includes several attempts towards modeling and understanding human mobility at the scales of individuals and the scale of aggregate population movement. The second chapter includes the development of a browser delivering visual insights of the aggregate behavior of populations in cities. The third chapter provides a computational framework for clustering regions in cities based on their attraction behavior and in doing so aids a predictive model in predicting inflows to newly developed regions. The fourth chapter investigates the patterns of individuals' movement at the city scale towards developing a predictive model for a persons' next visited location. The predictive accuracy is then increased by adding movement information of the population. The motivation behind the work of this thesis is derived from the demand of tools that provides fine-grained analysis of the complexity of human travel within cites. The approach takes advantage of the existing built infrastructures to sense the mobility of people eliminating the financial and temporal burdens of traditional methods. The outcomes of this work will assist both planners and the public in understanding the complexities of human mobility within their cities.
by Fahad Alhasoun.
S.M.
S.M. !c Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
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Bennett, David J. (David James). "The control of human arm movement : models and mechanical constraints." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/13588.
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Furtado, De Mendonca Monco Eduardo. "From head to toe : body movement for human-computer interaction." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2015. http://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/76717/.
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Our bodies are the medium through which we experience the world around us, so human-computer interaction can highly benefit from the richness of body movements and postures as an input modality. In recent years, the widespread availability of inertial measurement units and depth sensors led to the development of a plethora of applications for the body in human-computer interaction. However, the main focus of these works has been on using the upper body for explicit input. This thesis investigates the research space of full-body human-computer interaction through three propositions. The first proposition is that there is more to be inferred by natural users’ movements and postures, such as the quality of activities and psychological states. We develop this proposition in two domains. First, we explore how to support users in performing weight lifting activities. We propose a system that classifies different ways of performing the same activity; an object-oriented model-based framework for formally specifying activities; and a system that automatically extracts an activity model by demonstration. Second, we explore how to automatically capture nonverbal cues for affective computing. We developed a system that annotates motion and gaze data according to the Body Action and Posture coding system. We show that quality analysis can add another layer of information to activity recognition, and that systems that support the communication of quality information should strive to support how we implicitly communicate movement through nonverbal communication. Further, we argue that working at a higher level of abstraction, affect recognition systems can more directly translate findings from other areas into their algorithms, but also contribute new knowledge to these fields. The second proposition is that the lower limbs can provide an effective means of interacting with computers beyond assistive technology To address the problem of the dispersed literature on the topic, we conducted a comprehensive survey on the lower body in HCI, under the lenses of users, systems and interactions. To address the lack of a fundamental understanding of foot-based interactions, we conducted a series of studies that quantitatively characterises several aspects of foot-based interaction, including Fitts’s Law performance models, the effects of movement direction, foot dominance and visual feedback, and the overhead incurred by using the feet together with the hand. To enable all these studies, we developed a foot tracker based on a Kinect mounted under the desk. We show that the lower body can be used as a valuable complementary modality for computing input. Our third proposition is that by treating body movements as multiple modalities, rather than a single one, we can enable novel user experiences. We develop this proposition in the domain of 3D user interfaces, as it requires input with multiple degrees of freedom and offers a rich set of complex tasks. We propose an approach for tracking the whole body up close, by splitting the sensing of different body parts across multiple sensors. Our setup allows tracking gaze, head, mid-air gestures, multi-touch gestures, and foot movements. We investigate specific applications for multimodal combinations in the domain of 3DUI, specifically how gaze and mid-air gestures can be combined to improve selection and manipulation tasks; how the feet can support the canonical 3DUI tasks; and how a multimodal sensing platform can inspire new 3D game mechanics. We show that the combination of multiple modalities can lead to enhanced task performance, that offloading certain tasks to alternative modalities not only frees the hands, but also allows simultaneous control of multiple degrees of freedom, and that by sensing different modalities separately, we achieve a more detailed and precise full body tracking.
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Zilevu, Kobla Setor. "Interactive Interfaces for Capturing and Annotating Videos of Human Movement." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/91424.
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In this thesis, I describe the iterative service design process I used in identifying and understanding the needs of diverse stakeholders, the development of technologies to support their mutually beneficial needs, and the evaluation of the end-user experience with these technologies. Over three iterative design cycles, the set of identified end-user customers expanded to include the patient, the supervising therapist, the annotating therapist, and other members of the development team. Multiple versions of interactive movement capture and annotation tools were developed as the needs of these stakeholders were clarified and evolved, and the optimal data forms and structures became evident.
Interactions between the stakeholders and the developed technologies operating in various environments were evaluated and assessed to help improve and optimize the entire service ecosystem. Results and findings from these three design cycles are being used to direct and shape my ongoing and future doctoral researchMaster of Science
In this thesis, I describe the iterative service design process I used in identifying and understanding the needs of diverse stakeholders, the development of technologies to support their mutually beneficial needs, and the evaluation of the end-user experience with these technologies. Over three iterative design cycles, the set of identified end-user customers expanded to include the patient, the supervising therapist, the annotating therapist, and other members of the development team. Multiple versions of interactive movement capture and annotation tools were developed as the needs of these stakeholders were clarified and evolved, and the optimal data forms and structures became evident Interactions between the stakeholders and the developed technologies operating in various environments were evaluated and assessed to help improve and optimize the entire service ecosystem. Results and findings from these three design cycles are being used to direct and shape my ongoing and future doctoral research.
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Elliott, Mark Tristan. "A Smart sensing platform for the discrimination of human movement." Thesis, Aston University, 2007. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/15302/.
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This thesis documents the design, implementation and testing of a smart sensing platform that is able to discriminate between differences or small changes in a persons walking. The distributive tactile sensing method is used to monitor the deflection of the platform surface using just a small number of sensors and, through the use of neural networks, infer the characteristics of the object in contact with the surface. The thesis first describes the development of a mathematical model which uses a novel method to track the position of a moving load as it passes over the smart sensing surface. Experimental methods are then described for using the platform to track the position of swinging pendulum in three dimensions. It is demonstrated that the method can be extended to that of real-time measurement of balance and sway of a person during quiet standing. Current classification methods are then investigated for use in the classification of different gait patterns, in particular to identify individuals by their unique gait pattern. Based on these observations, a novel algorithm is developed that is able to discriminate between abnormal and affected gait. This algorithm, using the distributive tactile sensing method, was found to have greater accuracy than other methods investigated and was designed to be able to cope with any type of gait variation. The system developed in this thesis has applications in the area of medical diagnostics, either as an initial screening tool for detecting walking disorders or to be able to automatically detect changes in gait over time. The system could also be used as a discrete biometric identification method, for example identifying office workers as they pass over the surface.