Academic literature on the topic 'Human life cycle'

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Journal articles on the topic "Human life cycle"

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Y, Kovalyov, and Kalashnikova V. "Human life cycle modelling." Modern problems of modeling 25 (June 19, 2023): 110–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.33842/2313-125x-2023-25-110-122.

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Blagojevic, Bojana, and Luka Jordan. "Human Development Tree Life Cycle Model." Peace Review 24, no. 3 (July 2012): 340–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10402659.2012.704325.

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Hunns, D. M. "Human Reliability—A Life‐Cycle Perspective." International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management 3, no. 2 (February 1986): 38–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb002864.

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Bogin, Barry, and B. Holly Smith. "Evolution of the human life cycle." American Journal of Human Biology 8, no. 6 (1996): 703–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1520-6300(1996)8:6<703::aid-ajhb2>3.0.co;2-u.

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Hristova, N., and A. S. Galabov. "Genus Simplexvirus: Life cycle." Acta Microbiologica Bulgarica 39, no. 1 (March 2023): 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.59393/amb23390103.

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The two same-name members of the subfamily Alphaherpesvirinae, the human herpesviruses Herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) and Herpes simplex virus-2 (HSV-2), use human epithelial cells to establish their lytic phase, and neuronal cells to establish a lysogenic (latent) phase. Once the herpes simplex virus has infected the target cell, the viral genome enters the nucleus, where it is transcribed in a specific sequence: immediate-early (IE), early (E), and late viral genes (L). This cascade of gene expression, which largely determines viral genome transcription, is strictly initiated by the tegument protein VP16. Immediately af¬ter the virus is endocytosed through the host cell membrane, VP16 is released by the virions and together with two cell factors, HCF-1 and Oct-1, forms a transcriptional regulatory complex that aims to initiate the transcription of IE genes.
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Hata, Seiji, Hiroyasu Koshimizu, and Hiroshi Tomita. "Human Factor in Total Production Life Cycle." IEEJ Transactions on Industry Applications 121, no. 6 (2001): 629–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejias.121.629.

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Hasenfeld, Yeheskel, and Hillel Schmid. "The Life Cycle of Human Service Organizations:." Administration in Social Work 13, no. 3-4 (November 15, 1989): 243–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j147v13n03_12.

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Singh, Aarti. "Human capital risk in life-cycle economies." Journal of Monetary Economics 57, no. 6 (September 2010): 729–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmoneco.2010.05.012.

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Muda, Salwa, and Mara Ridhuan Che Abdul Rahman. "Human Capital in SMEs Life Cycle Perspective." Procedia Economics and Finance 35 (2016): 683–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s2212-5671(16)00084-8.

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Graham, Trevor A., Stuart A. McDonald, Adam Humphries, and Nicholas A. Wright. "The Life-Cycle of Human Colon Crypts." Gastroenterology 140, no. 5 (May 2011): S—15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0016-5085(11)60058-9.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Human life cycle"

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Kong, Yu-Chien. "Ability, education choice and life cycle earnings." Diss., University of Iowa, 2013. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/2548.

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This dissertation consists of two chapters. In the first chapter, I explain changes in the life-cycle earnings profile for different birth cohorts. The second chapter assesses the quantitative importance of federal aid for college education in explaining college premium. In the first chapter, I document the life-cycle earnings profile for the 25-year- old college- and high school-educated white men in 1940, 1950, 1960 and 1970. I find that later cohorts have flatter average life-cycle earnings profile. Using a version of the Ben-Porath model, I propose an explanation based on the composition effect. In my model, all individuals have a high school diploma and are differentiated by their ability. They must decide whether to work or go to a four-year college. There is a threshold ability above which individuals choose to attend college and below which they work. All cohorts face the same ability distribution and an exogenous sequence of wage rate per unit of human capital that grows at a constant rate. A higher initial level of wage rate increases college attainment implying that the average ability is lower for both college- and high school-educated individuals. From the Ben- Porath model, lower ability individuals have less steep increment in their earnings. This implies that the average college (and high school) life-cycle earnings profile for the 1970 cohort will be flatter than that of the 1940 cohort. My model is able to quantitatively explain 67 and 35 percent of the flattening in the average life-cycle earnings profile for college and high school-educated individuals, respectively. Since the late 1970s, there has been a strong increase in the college premium. While most papers focus on skill-biased technical change, the second chapter explores the role of federal aid as a possible source of inequality. I build a model where all individuals have a high-school diploma but are heterogeneous with respect to their innate abilities and initial human capital. They decide whether to attend college to accumulate more human capital before working, or to start working right away. The production function for human capital in college requires two inputs: human capital and goods. In this context, two mechanisms are key for the behavior of the college premium. First, federal aid makes it easier to afford the goods input in the human capital technology. This induces college students to accumulate more human capital and consequently, they have higher earnings. Second, as more individuals attend college due to rising income, the composition of college graduates changes: more low- ability individuals attend college, implying a decrease in average college earnings. A calibrated version of the model accounts fully for the rise in the college premium. Federal aid alone accounts for about 70 percent of the rise.
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Paris, Christian. "The role of CTCF in the life cycle of human papillomavirus." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/6367.

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Papillomaviruses (PV) are epithelium specific DNA viruses that can cause health problems ranging from harmless warts to invasive cancer. Papillomavirus induced tumours most often arise in the cervix where human papillomavirus (HPV) infections were shown to cause 99.7 % of all malignancies. This study aims to map binding sites of the multifunctional host protein CCCTC binding factor (CTCF) to the papillomavirus genome, validate them and determine the function of CTCF in the papillomavirus life cycle. Computer predictions of CTCF binding sites in the sequence of 8 different PV revealed a CTCF binding pattern including a conserved high-affinity binding site around nucleotide 3000 in high risk HPV and around nucleotide 5400 in low risk HPV. This binding pattern was experimentally confirmed using electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA). The binding site around nucleotide 3000 in HPV18 was mutated and human foreskin keratinocytes (HFK) were transfected with mutant and wild type HPV18 to analyse the effect of the mutation on viral gene expression and life cycle. Western blotting of methylcellulose differentiated HFK revealed earlier expression of E2 and decreased expression of E1^E4 in the mutant compared to the wild type. Immunostaining of organotypic raft cultures grown from the mutant maintaining cells showed a significant increase in proliferating cells compared to the HFK maintaining the wild type. This was accompanied by pseudo-differentiation of keratinocytes since the cells of the granular layer of the raft expressed the terminal differentiation marker loricrin but maintained the morphology of undifferentiated cells. Thus CTCF was shown to have a major impact on the HPV life cycle and it may play a role in HPV induced carcinogenesis. Furthermore a function of CTCF in long term maintenance of the viral episome was revealed as cells maintaining the CTCF mutant were shown to lose episomes more quickly compared to wild type maintaining cells.
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Harvey, Olivia School of Sociology &amp Anthropology UNSW. "(Re)producing the human : reflections on technology and nature." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Sociology and Anthropology, 2005. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/20580.

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Contemporary culture abounds with stories about how new technologies are radically altering human existence. In many respects it seems intuitively obvious that there is nothing new in this, and that new techniques for doing things change social relationships. Indeed, this has been a common refrain in the modern world. Yet there is something strange about the most recent variations of how the social impact of technological change is understood. In the early twenty-first century, new technologies are argued to have changed our daily lives so much so that what we take as the most fundamental features of human experience can no longer be assumed. Specifically, in its more contemporary articulation, the argument that new technologies have radical social consequences insists that the human subject is undergoing a fundamental transformation into something entirely different: the cyborg or posthuman. This thesis offers an exploration of some of the assumptions that underpin contemporary accounts of new technologies and their presumed impact on human experience. Using a textual analysis methodology, this thesis takes up discussions from various areas; feminist technology studies, technology studies, the history and politics of technology as well as continental philosophy to explore changing perceptions about 'technology' and 'the human'. In addition, this thesis examines some curious examples from this diverse field in order to highlight some of the inherent ambiguities and paradoxes that endure when technology is assumed to be a detachable supplement. Assisted reproductive technologies, animal tool-use, automata, stem-cell research and human cloning, all indicate that the criteria which typically define 'the human' or 'technology' are far more amorphous than is usually presumed. What comes out of these deliberations is an intriguing tension between how both technology and human subjectivity are understood which complicates our understanding of the difference between humans and machines, nature and culture, and agency and instrumentality. In turn, this raises certain questions about the experiential implications for contemporary subjectivity.
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Campbell, David Michael. "Empirical studies of earnings over the life cycle in Great Britain." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.368071.

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James, Claire Deborah. "A study of PDZ protein expression during the human papillomavirus life cycle." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2015. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/6127/.

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The E6 protein of oncogenic α-human papillomaviruses encodes a conserved C-terminal PDZ binding motif (PBM). Conservation of an overlapping kinase recognition site has shown that phosphorylation negatively regulates the E6:PDZ interaction. Many E6 PDZ targets are associated with signalling complexes that regulate cell proliferation and polarity. This study used primary keratinocyte-based models of HPV16 and 18 life cycles to investigate the expression of PDZ targets and the functional role of PBM phosphorylation. The data indicate that changes in total levels of major E6 PDZ targets are not associated with E6-PBM activity. Interestingly, transcription profiles of E6-PBM targets DLG1, PATJ and PTPN13 are dramatically changed in the presence of HPV16 and 18, whilst others remain unaffected. Further analysis of transcriptional changes of DLG1 revealed upregulation of specific alternatively spliced isoforms, including a novel isoform containing an exon previously thought to be intronic. This investigation revealed that phosphorylation of the PBM is linked to oncoprotein stability, presenting a potential regulatory mechanism of E6 PDZ interactions during the virus life cycle. Together, these data offer interesting new perspectives on interactions between oncogenic HPV types and PDZ domain-containing targets and indicate that deregulation of their function by the virus may occur through multiple mechanisms.
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Gabor, Juliana. "Role and regulation of tRNALys3 in the life cycle of human immunodeficency virus type 1." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=19462.

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tRNALys3 is selectively packaged into HIV-1 during viral assembly, and is placed upon the primer binding site (PBS) of the viral genome where it acts as the primer for reverse transcriptase. This Ph.D. project involved studying the factors involved in the regulation of tRNALys packaging, as well as the effect of overexpression of tRNALys3 in the virion.
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Mole, Sarah. "Regulation of splicing related SR proteins during the life cycle of human papillomavirus type 16." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.438066.

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KAUSHAL, HIMANSHU. "HOW DOES ISO 14001:2015 STANDARD IMPACT OF LIFE CYCLE PERSPECTIVE TOWARD ORGANIZATION." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-42191.

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Holland, Caroline Anne. "Housing histories : older women's experience of home across the life course." Thesis, n.p, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/.

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Yasin, Cepnioglu. "An Assessment of the Commercial Accommodation Facilities in Umeå : Tourism Area Life-Cycle Perspective." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för geografi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-171325.

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Tourist destinations have been under a significantly growing interest of academia from the second half of the 20th century. The underlying patterns that are shared by destinations’ past, and shapes their future constitute a good share for the context of this interest. This study applies Butler’s Tourist Area Life-Cycle model to an urban tourism destination, Umeå. The model puts the life of a tourism area (destination) on an s-curve and defines several stages on the curve with designated features. Application of the model to the case of Umeå is limited to accommodation branch of the hospitality industry to apply a comprehensive approach and it shows that the city is in the development stage for in this particular branch. However, there are some divergences in the case compared to the model. The capacity edge that causes pressure to the tourist destinations growth does not appear where the model expects, and some stage features appear to take place in a different sequence than the original model. Consequently, the study connects these divergences to the fact that Umeå is an urban destination and also offers a modified version of the model that might be a good alternative for applications on other urban tourist destinations.
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Books on the topic "Human life cycle"

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Nina, Morgan, and Nina Morgan. The human cycle. New York: Thompson Learning, 1993.

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Burstein, John. The cycle of life. Minneapolis: Fairview Press, 1997.

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Gubrium, Jaber F. Constructing the life course. Dix Hills, N.Y: General Hall, 1994.

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Triueu, Tuue Trân. Lịch trình sinh muenh con ngưxoi. Hà Nuoi: Nhà xurat bkan Khoa học và kỹ thuuat, 1998.

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Alan, Bryman, and British Sociological Association Conference, eds. Rethinking the life cycle. Basingstoke, Hampshire: Macmillan, 1987.

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Bae, Jae Uk. Life [생명]: Asking life in the New Testament. Seoul: Christian Literature Society of Korea, 2010.

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Rubin, Wainrib Barbara, and American Psychological Association Convention, eds. Gender issues across the life cycle. New York: Springer Pub. Co., 1992.

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Alan, Josef. Etapy života očima sociologie. Praha: Panorama, 1989.

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Rooney, Anne. Your physical body: From birth to old age. Chicago, Ill: Capstone Heinemann Library, 2013.

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Hughes, Fergus P. Human development across the life span. St. Paul: West Pub. Co., 1985.

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Book chapters on the topic "Human life cycle"

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Jolliet, Olivier, and Peter Fantke. "Human Toxicity." In Life Cycle Impact Assessment, 75–96. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9744-3_5.

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Bogin, Barry, and B. Holly Smith. "Evolution of the Human Life Cycle." In Human Biology, 513–86. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118108062.ch11.

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Black, M. J., A. L. Borrion, and O. Mwabonje. "Chapter 1. Theories and Tools for the Assessment of Environmental Impacts of Human Activities." In Life Cycle Assessment, 1–26. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/9781788016209-00001.

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Rust, Petra. "Health Determinants Throughout the Life Cycle." In Epigenetics and Human Health, 157–63. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527628384.ch12.

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Jentsch, Marina. "Current Social Life Cycle Assessment Practice." In Human Factors for Sustainability, 145–69. Boca Raton : CRC Press, 2019.: CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b22516-7.

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Xue, Jiaping, Benjamin J. Vesper, and James A. Radosevich. "The Life Cycle of Human Papillomavirus." In HPV and Cancer, 49–74. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5437-9_3.

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Moody, Cary A., and Laimonis A. Laimins. "The Life Cycle of Human Papillomaviruses." In DNA Tumor Viruses, 75–104. New York, NY: Springer US, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-68945-6_4.

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Vallianatos, Helen. "Eating, Feeding and the Human Life Cycle." In Encyclopedia of Food and Agricultural Ethics, 1–7. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6167-4_41-1.

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Vallianatos, Helen. "Eating, Feeding and the Human Life Cycle." In Encyclopedia of Food and Agricultural Ethics, 506–12. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0929-4_41.

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Prohaska, Thomas R., and Melissa A. Clark. "Health Behavior and the Human Life Cycle." In Handbook of Health Behavior Research III, 29–48. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1757-7_2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Human life cycle"

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Han, Ni. "Analysis of Music Life Cycle Based on Product Life Cycle Theory." In 2021 International Conference on Public Art and Human Development ( ICPAHD 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.220110.033.

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Surdilovic, D., T.-M. Nguyen, and J. Radojicic. "Human-like variable-impedance control for life-cycle testing." In 2011 RO-MAN: The 20th IEEE International Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication. IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/roman.2011.6005283.

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Harron, Lorna, and Dennis Attwood. "Reducing Human Error Using a Human Factors Life Cycle Approach." In 2014 10th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2014-33260.

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Reduction of human error can have a significant impact on the potential for spills and leaks and translate into better safety performance and financial gains for an organization. As important as the technical components of a design, construction, operation, and maintenance program is the human component of the activities being performed. In the Pipeline Industry, human factors can create the potential for a human error at many points along the life cycle of a pipeline. Using a life cycle approach to manage human factors can provide an organization the capability to integrate human factors into programs, standards, procedures and processes using a disciplined approach. This paper reviews the life cycle of a pipeline and identifies areas where the potential for human error can have catastrophic results. Guidance is provided on the development of a human factors life cycle for the organization and illustrates available industry resources as well as opportunities for further research and development.
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Dove, Graham, Caroline Emilie Lundqvist, and Kim Halskov. "The life cycle of a generative design metaphor." In NordiCHI'18: Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3240167.3240190.

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Rolley, Robert, Robert Potter, Steven Zusack, and Sarag Saikia. "Life Cycle Cost Estimation of Conceptual Human Spaceflight Architectures." In AIAA SPACE and Astronautics Forum and Exposition. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2017-5257.

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Pashina, Olga. "Annual Nature Cycle vs Human Life Cycle: Female Ritual Singing in the Seasonal Cycle Among Russians." In The 5th International Conference on Art Studies: Research, Experience, Education (ICASSEE 2021). Amsterdam University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789048557240/icassee.2021.011.

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Hajder, Miroslaw, Janusz Kolbusz, and Tomasz Bartczak. "Cost models for life-cycle phases of information systems." In 2013 6th International Conference on Human System Interactions (HSI). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/hsi.2013.6577828.

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Li, Ruixuan, Rachael Hill, and Katya Blanc. "A Product Life Cycle Human-System Interrelationship Approach for Cybersecurity." In 13th Nuclear Plant Instrumentation, Control & Human-Machine Interface Technologies (NPIC&HMIT 2023). Illinois: American Nuclear Society, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.13182/npichmit23-41023.

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He, Yue, Jiachi Li, Min Zhu, and Dong Xu. "Life Cycle Identification and Analysis of Microblog hot Topics." In 2018 10th International Conference on Intelligent Human-Machine Systems and Cybernetics (IHMSC). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ihmsc.2018.10142.

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Krolas, Pawel, and Janne Heilala. "Life cycle opportunity based on implementation of Quality Management Systems." In 14th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2023). AHFE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1003508.

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Mico and macro environment creates opportunities and threats for the organization. Enterprise identifies the opportunities to take advantage for the business either intentionally or unintentionally. Organization which focused on taking advantage from the opportunities increase the chance of taking advantage of them. Opportunity is understood as a favorable situation for the subject of action. The ability to use the opportunity creates a framework for establishing cooperation between the company and the client. `The article presents a theoretical and practical approach to the opportunity. The theoretical part presents the idea of the opportunity, meaning and its importance for the organization. The paper presents life cycle opportunity which creates framework for establishing cooperation between supplier and a client. The practical part shows a case study based on the development and implementation of a Quality Management Systems in a selected organization. The work done for the organization has been assessed by the external certification body. Implementation of Quality Management Systems enabled to establishment a long-term cooperation based on annual action that should be taken according to the selected elements of ISO systems.
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Reports on the topic "Human life cycle"

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Stantcheva, Stefanie. Optimal Taxation and Human Capital Policies over the Life Cycle. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, May 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w21207.

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Lagakos, David, Benjamin Moll, Tommaso Porzio, Nancy Qian, and Todd Schoellman. Life-Cycle Human Capital Accumulation Across Countries: Lessons From U.S. Immigrants. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, January 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w21914.

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Audoly, Richard, Rory McGee, Sergio Ocampo, and Gonzalo Paz-Pardo. The Life-Cycle Dynamics of Wealth Mobility. Federal Reserve Bank of New York, April 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.59576/sr.1097.

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We use twenty-five years of tax records for the Norwegian population to study the mobility of wealth over people’s lifetimes. We find considerable wealth mobility over the life cycle. To understand the underlying mobility patterns, we group individuals with similar wealth rank histories using agglomerative hierarchical clustering, a tool from statistical learning. The mobility patterns we elicit provide evidence of segmented mobility. Over 60 percent of the population remains at the top or bottom of the wealth distribution throughout their lives. Mobility is driven by the remaining 40 percent, who move only within the middle of the distribution. Movements are tied to differential income trajectories and business activities across groups. We show parental wealth is the key predictor of who is persistently rich or poor, while human capital is the main predictor of those who rise and fall through the middle of the distribution.
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Fan, Xiaodong, Ananth Seshadri, and Christopher Taber. Estimation of a Life-Cycle Model with Human Capital, Labor Supply and Retirement. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w29905.

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Rodríguez-Acelas, Alba Luz, Jennifer Rojas Reyes, Carolina Chavarriaga, and Mónica López de Ávila. Parameters for Nursing Assessment According to the Human Life Cycle: A Scoping Review Protocol. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, June 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.6.0019.

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Review question / Objective: To review the parameters for nursing assessment according to the human life cycle evidenced in the scientific literature? Condition being studied: Nursing assessment is one of the steps of the nursing process (NP), it consists of obtaining data that allows knowing the health status of a person and focusing the attention on the identified needs, guaranteeing the effectiveness and safety of care. According to the literature, there are different assessment approaches from nursing, which require an understanding for their use that is rarely developed, the above caused by various difficulties such as lack of time, problems at the level of knowledge, no interest, clarity in the parameters, among others, leading nursing professionals to lean towards the biomedical model due to its traditional use throughout history, which results in an apparent affinity. To deal with this situation, it is intended to determine by means of a scoping review, the assessment parameters applied in nursing according to the stages of the human life cycle, in order to contribute to the understanding of this component and make visible its importance within the disciplinary development.
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Gilleskie, Donna, Euna Han, and Edward Norton. Disentangling the Contemporaneous and Dynamic Effects of Human and Health Capital on Wages over the Life Cycle. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, July 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w22430.

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Al-Qadi, Imad, Egemen Okte, Aravind Ramakrishnan, Qingwen Zhou, and Watheq Sayeh. Truck Platooning on Flexible Pavements in Illinois. Illinois Center for Transportation, May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/21-010.

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Truck platoons have many benefits over traditional truck mobility. Truck platoons have the potential to improve safety and reduce fuel consumption between 5% and 15%, based on platoon configuration. In Illinois, trucks carry more than 50% of freight tonnage and constitute 25% of the traffic on interstates. Therefore, expected fuel savings would be significant for trucks. Deployment of truck platoons within interstate highways may have a direct effect on flexible pavement performance, as the time between consecutive axle loads (i.e., resting time) is expected to decrease significantly. Moreover, platoons could potentially accelerate pavement damage accumulation due to trucks’ channelized position, decreasing pavement service life and increasing maintenance and rehabilitation costs. The main objective of this project was to quantify the effects of truck platoons on pavements and to provide guidelines to control corresponding potential pavement damage. Finite-element models were utilized to quantify the impact of rest period on pavement damage. Recovered and accumulated strains were predicted by fitting exponential functions to the calculated strain profiles. The results suggested that strain accumulation was negligible at a truck spacing greater that 10 ft. A new methodology to control pavement damage due to truck platoons was introduced. The method optimizes trucks’ lateral positions on the pavements, and an increase in pavement service life could be achieved if all platoons follow this optimization method. Life cycle assessment and life cycle cost analysis were conducted for fully autonomous, human-driven, and mixed-traffic regimes. For example, for an analysis period of 45 years, channelized truck platoons could save life cycle costs and environmental impacts by 28% and 21% compared with human-driven trucks, respectively. Furthermore, optimum truck platoon configuration could reduce life cycle costs and environmental impacts by 48% and 36%, respectively, compared with human-driven trucks. In contrast, channelized traffic could increase pavement roughness, increasing fuel consumption by 15%, even though platooning vehicles still benefit from reduction in air drag forces. Given that truck platoons are expected to be connected only in the first phase, no actions are required by the agency. However, in the second phase when truck platoons are also expected to be autonomous, a protocol for driving trends should be established per the recommendation of this study.
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8

Richardson, Jeremy, Eric Dixon, and Ted Boettner. Repairing the damage: cleaning up hazardous coal ash can create jobs and improve the environment. Union of Concerned Scientists, October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47923/2021.12306.

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Although coal has powered the nation for generations and today offers well-paying jobs—often the best opportunities in more rural areas—coal negatively affects human health and the environment at every point in its life cycle: when it is mined, processed, transported, burned, and discarded (Freese, Clemmer, and Nogee 2008). Local communities— often low-income communities and/or communities of color—have for decades borne the brunt of these negative impacts, including air pollution, water pollution, and work- place injuries, illnesses, and fatalities.
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9

Richardson, Jeremy, Eric Dixon, and Ted Boettner. Repairing the damage: cleaning up hazardous coal ash can create jobs and improve the environment. Union of Concerned Scientists, October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47923/2021.14314.

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Abstract:
Although coal has powered the nation for generations and today offers well-paying jobs—often the best opportunities in more rural areas—coal negatively affects human health and the environment at every point in its life cycle: when it is mined, processed, transported, burned, and discarded (Freese, Clemmer, and Nogee 2008). Local communities— often low-income communities and/or communities of color—have for decades borne the brunt of these negative impacts, including air pollution, water pollution, and work- place injuries, illnesses, and fatalities.
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10

Barham, Tania, Marco Stampini, Karen Macours, Teresa Molina-Millan, and John A. Maluccio. Long-term Impacts of Conditional Cash Transfers in Latin America: Review of the Evidence. Inter-American Development Bank, October 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011768.

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We review the literature on the long-term impacts of Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) programs in Latin America. Long-term impacts are defined as those that both: 1) are related to the accumulation of human capital, and; 2) are observed after beneficiary children have reached a later stage of the life-cycle. We focus on two life-cycle transitions. The first is children exposed to CCTs in utero or early childhood, who have then transitioned to school ages. The second is children exposed to CCTs during school ages, who have then transitioned to early adulthood. The evidence is inconclusive. The experimental literature finds consistent positive long-term effects on schooling, as well as some positive impacts on cognitive skills and learning, socioemotional skills and off-farm employment and income. However, many other estimates are not statistically different from zero and it is often not possible to discern whether this is due to lack of impact or to methodological shortcomings in theevaluation studies. Non-experimental evidence also is mixed. Developing further opportunities for analyses with rigorous identification strategies for the measurement of long-term impacts should be high on the research agenda. As original beneficiaries continue to age, this should also be increasingly possible.
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