Journal articles on the topic 'Human knee osteoarthritis'
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Myszka, Anna, Janusz Piontek, Jacek Tomczyk, and Marta Zalewska. "Osteoarthritis – a problematic skeletal trait in past human populations. Osteoarthritic changes vs. entheseal changes in the late medieval and early modern population form Łekno." Anthropological Review 83, no. 2 (June 1, 2020): 143–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/anre-2020-0011.
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AbstractAccording to medical knowledge, physical activity plays a role in osteoarthritic changes formation. The impact of occupation on osteoarthritic changes development in past human populations is not clear enough, causing problems with interpretation. The aim of the current study is to examine the relationship between osteoarthritis and entheseal changes. Skeletal material comes from the late medieval, early modern population from Łekno (Poland). The sample consists of 110 males and 56 females (adults only). Osteophytes, porosity and eburnation were analyzed in the shoulder, elbow, wrist, hip, knee, and ankle. Entheses on the humerus, radius, femur, and tibia were examined. Standard ranked categorical scoring systems were used for the osteoarthritic and entheseal changes examination.Males with more developed osteophytes in the shoulder have more “muscular” upper limbs (higher values of muscle markers). Males with more developed osteophytes in the hip and knee are predicted to have more “muscular” lower limbs. Males with more developed osteoarthritis in the shoulder, wrist, hip, and knee exhibit more developed entheseal changes. Males with more developed entheses tend to yield more developed osteophytes (all joints taken together) and general osteoarthritis (all changes and all joints taken together). Females with more developed entheses have more developed osteoarthritis in the elbow, wrist, and hip. Individuals with more developed entheses have much more developed osteophytes. When all the three types of changes are taken together, more “muscular” females exhibit more developed osteoarthritis. The lack of uniformity of the results, wild discussions on the usage of entheses in activity patterns reconstruction and other limitations do not allow to draw unambiguous conclusions about the impact of physical activity on the osteoarthritis in past populations and further studies are needed.
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Kanthavel, R., and R. Dhaya. "PROGRESS AND PRECLUSION OF KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS: A STUDY." September 2021 3, no. 3 (September 27, 2021): 150–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.36548/jitdw.2021.3.001.
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There is a need for better medical and preclinical instruments to diagnose knee OA in its initial phases owing to the increase occurrence of knee osteoarthritis (OA), a devastating knee joint degeneration. Osteoarthritis commonly affects patients who are obese and those above the age of 60. This mainly happens to age down and over-weighted people. The goal is to provide practical methods for assessing the seriousness of knee OA quickly and with human consistency. We also present Changes that affect your chances of getting sick of knee osteoarthritis, Treatment of knee osteoarthritis and the Prevention methods of knee osteoarthritis.
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Tarniţă, Daniela, Marius Catana, and Dan Tarnita. "Stresses and Displacements for Virtual Models of Healthy and Osteoarthritic Knee Joint." Applied Mechanics and Materials 658 (October 2014): 526–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.658.526.
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This paper presents advanced modeling and simulation methods, using the latest generation of CAD-CAE applications. For the geometric modeling of human knee joint embedded applications as DesignModeler, SpaceClaim under Ansys Workbench software package were used. The objective of this study is to present our contributions on the modeling, simulations and finite element analysis of the healthy and osteoarthritic human knee joint in order to quantify and investigate its biomechanical behavior. The main objective of this article is to present a complex three-dimensional model of the healthy knee joint and of the osteoarthritic joint which shows a 15otilt in varus, the joint being affected by osteoarthritis in both compartments, in order to predict stresses and displacements in their individual components. The applied forces were equal with 800 N and 1500 N. Finally the results obtained for normal knee and for OA knee joint are compared.
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Tan, Jay-Shian, Behrouz Khabbaz Beheshti, Tara Binnie, Paul Davey, J. P. Caneiro, Peter Kent, Anne Smith, Peter O’Sullivan, and Amity Campbell. "Human Activity Recognition for People with Knee Osteoarthritis—A Proof-of-Concept." Sensors 21, no. 10 (May 12, 2021): 3381. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21103381.
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Clinicians lack objective means for monitoring if their knee osteoarthritis patients are improving outside of the clinic (e.g., at home). Previous human activity recognition (HAR) models using wearable sensor data have only used data from healthy people and such models are typically imprecise for people who have medical conditions affecting movement. HAR models designed for people with knee osteoarthritis have classified rehabilitation exercises but not the clinically relevant activities of transitioning from a chair, negotiating stairs and walking, which are commonly monitored for improvement during therapy for this condition. Therefore, it is unknown if a HAR model trained on data from people who have knee osteoarthritis can be accurate in classifying these three clinically relevant activities. Therefore, we collected inertial measurement unit (IMU) data from 18 participants with knee osteoarthritis and trained convolutional neural network models to identify chair, stairs and walking activities, and phases. The model accuracy was 85% at the first level of classification (activity), 89–97% at the second (direction of movement) and 60–67% at the third level (phase). This study is the first proof-of-concept that an accurate HAR system can be developed using IMU data from people with knee osteoarthritis to classify activities and phases of activities.
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Lin, Zhijin, and Ling He. "Intra-Articular Injection of PRP in the Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis Using Big Data." Journal of Healthcare Engineering 2021 (October 26, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/4504155.
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Observing data on the characteristics of intra-articular injection of sodium citrate for knee osteoarthritis is an important reference value for human safety and evacuation design. To address the problems of slow data collection and poor accuracy of results of knee osteoarthritis behavior, under intensive conditions of intra-articular injection for knee osteoarthritis, this paper designs a data mining-based feature extraction system for intra-articular injection of sodium citrate for knee osteoarthritis. Using the Hadoop architecture, we extract the basic data of human behavior in the two-dimensional plane by storing and stitching the collected continuous data and discriminate the behavioral categories of knee osteoarthritis. We collected a real dataset from 84 patients with knee osteoarthritis treated in our hospital from October 2019 to October 2020. The dataset was divided into 42 patients in the tretinoin group and 42 patients in the sodium glutamate group according to the randomized number table method. The trimethoprim group was treated with intra-articular injection of trimethoprim, and the sodium citrate group was treated with intra-articular injection of sodium citrate. The clinical efficacy, joint mobility, intra-articular fluid volume, Lysholm score of knee joint, numerical pain intensity scale (NRS) score, and adverse effects of the two groups were compared before and after treatment. In our experiments, we observed that, compared with triamcinolone acetonide intra-articular injection, sodium hyaluronate intra-articular injection is more effective in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis. It can effectively improve knee function and reduce pain and adverse reactions.
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Wang, Pei, Jonas Balko, Rui Lu, Ángela I. López-Lorente, Lutz Dürselen, and Boris Mizaikoff. "Analysis of human menisci degeneration via infrared attenuated total reflection spectroscopy." Analyst 143, no. 20 (2018): 5023–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8an00924d.
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Yamamoto, K., T. Shishido, T. Masaoka, and A. Imakiire. "Morphological Studies on the Ageing and Osteoarthritis of the Articular Cartilage in C57 Black Mice." Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery 13, no. 1 (April 2005): 8–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/230949900501300103.
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Purpose. To study the cause and mechanism of joint degeneration in osteoarthritis, through histopathological and ultrastructural-histochemical experiments on the articular cartilage of the knees of the C57 black mouse. Methods. 192 C57 black mice and a control group of 64 C57BL/6J mice were used in this study. The left and right knee articular capsules of the joints were removed and stained. Each articular cartilage sample was examined and osteoarthritic changes were assessed using a transmission electron microscope. The severity of osteoarthritis in the knee joint cartilage of C57 black mice was histologically assessed using a classification system described by Okabe, based on Maier's system. Results. The incidence and the severity of osteoarthritis gradually increased with age; the incidence increased from 20% at 2 months to 80% at 16 months. Irreversible changes appeared at an advanced stage, and the process of degeneration was quite similar to that in human osteoarthritis. Through transmission electron microscopy, we observed poorly developed Golgi apparatus, markedly increased intracellular microfilaments, decreased proteoglycan granules, and broken collagen networks in all stages of osteoarthritis. By contrast, Golgi apparatus and other organelles were well developed in histologically normal mice of all ages. Proteoglycan granules, which mainly consisted of keratan sulphate, were observed; collagen networks were maintained. Conclusion. Disturbed protein transport and sugar synthesis in chondrocytes, caused by the deficient development of the Golgi apparatus, could result in degenerative changes in articular cartilage. The structure and function of the matrix were maintained mainly because of the continued presence of keratan sulphate.
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Catana, Marius, Daniela Tarniţă, and Dan Tarnita. "Modeling, Simulation and Optimization of a Human Knee Orthotic Device." Applied Mechanics and Materials 371 (August 2013): 549–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.371.549.
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In order to improve the quality of human walking, the present paper is analyzing a 3D virtual model for an orthotic device which is subjected to an optimization process based on dimensional, geometric and material criteria. For geometric modeling of the human knee joint were used the embedded applications: DesignModeler, SpaceClaim under AnsysWorkbench software package and for the orthotic device it was used ProEngineer application. The orthotic device is designed to rehabilitate people with knee problems, especially for the osteoarthritis affection. The geometric model of the joint shows a 50tilt invarus, the joint beeing affected by osteoarthritis in the medial compartment. Using Ansys simulation environment, the virtual assembly joint orthois has been subjected to a nonlinear analysis based on the contacts and on the materials used. The proposed orthotic device seeks to improve the quality of walking by minimizing the loads from the knee joint, also on cartilage and on the menisci. Finally there are beeing compared the results obtained for normal knee, OA knee and OA knee-orthosis assemblies.
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Rosita, Primadita Esther, Patricia Maria Kurniawati, and Dwikora Novembri Utomo. "Profile of Age, Gender, and Body Mass Index in Patient with Knee Osteoarthritis in Surabaya." Surabaya Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Journal 3, no. 1 (February 25, 2021): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/spmrj.v3i1.22355.
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Background: Osteoarthritis is a degenerative disease which attacks all the joint parts, including articular cartilage, subchondral bone, ligament, meniscus, capsule, synovium, and periarticular tissue. Among various joints in human body, knee joint is the most affected by osteoarthritis. There are several established risk factors for knee osteoarthritis, including age, female gender, and obesity.Aim: This study aimed to describe age, gender, and body mass index (BMI) profile in knee osteoarthritis patients.Material and methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study with total sampling of 292 medical records of patient with knee osteoarthritis from Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation outpatient clinic, Universitas Airlangga Hospital, Surabaya.Results: Of all the data, there were 130 medical records included in this study. The majority characteristic of the subjects were older than 60 years old (54.6%), 98 (75.4%) were females and 32 (24.6%) were males. The highest male-female ratio was on 45-59 years old (1:4). Most patients were obese (58.5%) with the highest percentage was on 45-59 years old (51.3%).Conclusion: The majority of osteoarthritis patients in Universitas Airlangga Hospital Surabaya were elderly, females, and obese people.
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Nakagawa, Yasuaki, Shogo Mukai, Shigeru Yamada, Satoru Murata, Hiromitsu Yabumoto, Takahiro Maeda, and Shota Akamatsu. "The Efficacy and Safety of Highly-Bioavailable Curcumin for Treating Knee Osteoarthritis: A 6-Month Open-Labeled Prospective Study." Clinical Medicine Insights: Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Disorders 13 (January 2020): 117954412094847. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1179544120948471.
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Background: We previously developed a surface-controlled water-dispersible form of curcumin that we called Theracurmin®. The area under the blood concentration-time curve (AUC) of Theracurmin in humans was 27-fold higher than that of curcumin powder. Previously, we reported on the anti-inflammatory effects of Theracurmin for knee osteoarthritis. Hypothesis/Purpose: We determined the clinical effects of orally administered Theracurmin in patients with knee osteoarthritis over a 6-month period. Study Design: Open prospective study. Methods: Fifty patients Kellgren-Lawrence grade II, III, or IV knee osteoarthritis who were above 40 years old were enrolled in this clinical study. Theracurmin containing 180 mg/day of curcumin was administered orally every day for 6 months. To monitor for adverse events, blood biochemistry analyses were performed before and after 6 months of each intervention. The patients’ knee symptoms were evaluated at 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 months based on the Japanese Knee Osteoarthritis Measure, the knee pain visual analog scale, and the knee scoring system of the Japanese Orthopedic Association. Results: Five cases dropped out during the study, but no cases dropped out because of major problems. No major side effects were observed with Theracurmin treatment, including the blood biochemistry analysis results. The effective group included 34 cases (75.6%), while the not-effective group included 11 cases. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the safety and good efficacy of Theracurmin for various types of knee osteoarthritis. Theracurmin shows great potential for the treatment of human knee osteoarthritis.
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Luo, Yunyun, Yi He, Ditte Reker, Natasja Gudmann, Kim Henriksen, Ole Simonsen, Christoph Ladel, et al. "A Novel High Sensitivity Type II Collagen Blood-Based Biomarker, PRO-C2, for Assessment of Cartilage Formation." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 19, no. 11 (November 6, 2018): 3485. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms19113485.
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N-terminal propeptide of type II collagen (PIINP) is a biomarker reflecting cartilage formation. PIINP exists in two main splice variants termed as type IIA and type IIB collagen NH2-propeptide (PIIANP, PIIBNP). PIIANP has been widely recognized as a cartilage formation biomarker. However, the utility of PIIBNP as a marker in preclinical and clinical settings has not been fully investigated yet. In this study, we aimed to characterize an antibody targeting human PIIBNP and to develop an immunoassay assessing type II collagen synthesis in human blood samples. A high sensitivity electrochemiluminescence immunoassay, hsPRO-C2, was developed using a well-characterized antibody against human PIIBNP. Human cartilage explants from replaced osteoarthritis knees were cultured for ten weeks in the presence of growth factors, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) or recombinant human fibroblast growth factor 18 (rhFGF-18). The culture medium was changed every seven days, and levels of PIIBNP, PIIANP, and matrix metalloproteinase 9-mediated degradation of type II collagen (C2M) were analyzed herein. Serum samples from a cross-sectional knee osteoarthritis cohort, as well as pediatric and rheumatoid arthritis samples, were assayed for PIIBNP and PIIANP. Western blot showed that the antibody recognized PIIBNP either as a free fragment or attached to the main molecule. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that PIIBNP was predominately located in the extracellular matrix of the superficial and deep zones and chondrocytes in both normal and osteoarthritic articular cartilage. In addition, the hsPRO-C2 immunoassay exhibits acceptable technical performances. In the human cartilage explants model, levels of PIIBNP, but not PIIANP and C2M, were increased (2 to 7-fold) time-dependently in response to IGF-1. Moreover, there was no significant correlation between PIIBNP and PIIANP levels when measured in knee osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and pediatric serum samples. Serum PIIBNP was significantly higher in controls (KL0/1) compared to OA groups (KL2/3/4, p = 0.012). The hsPRO-C2 assay shows completely different biological and clinical patterns than PIIANP ELISA, suggesting that it may be a promising biomarker of cartilage formation.
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LaVallee, Katherine T., Timothy P. Maus, Joseph D. Stock, Kenneth J. Stalder, Locke A. Karriker, Naveen S. Murthy, Rahul Kanwar, Andrea S. Beutler, and Mark D. Unger. "Quantitation of Gait and Stance Alterations Due to Monosodium Iodoacetate–induced Knee Osteoarthritis in Yucatan Swine." Comparative Medicine 70, no. 3 (June 1, 2020): 248–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.30802/aalas-cm-19-000075.
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Knee osteoarthritis is one of the most common causes of chronic pain worldwide, and several animal models have been developed to investigate disease mechanisms and treatments to combat associated morbidities. Here we describe a novel method for assessment of locomotor pain behavior in Yucatan swine. We used monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) to induce osteoarthritis in the hindlimb knee, and then conducted live observation, quantitative gait analysis, and quantitative weight-bearing stance analysis. We used these methods to test the hypothesis that locomotor pain behaviors after osteoarthritis induction would be detected by multiparameter quantitation for at least 12 wk in a novel large animal model of osteoarthritis. MIA-induced knee osteoarthritis produced lameness quantifiable by all measurement techniques, with onset at 2 to 4 wk and persistence until the conclusion of the study at 12 wk. Both live observation and gait analysis of kinetic parameters identified mild and moderate osteoarthritis phenotypes corresponding to a binary dose relationship. Quantitative stance analysis demonstrated the greatest sensitivity, discriminating between mild osteoarthritis states induced by 1.2 and 4.0 mg MIA, with stability of expression for as long as 12 wk. The multiparameter quantitation used in our study allowed rejection of the null hypothesis. This large animal model of quantitative locomotor pain resulting from MIA-induced osteoarthritis may support the assessment of new analgesic strategies for human knee osteoarthritis.
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Kotti, Margarita, Lynsey D. Duffell, Aldo A. Faisal, and Alison H. McGregor. "The Complexity of Human Walking: A Knee Osteoarthritis Study." PLoS ONE 9, no. 9 (September 18, 2014): e107325. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0107325.
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Aaron, R. K., J. R. Racine, A. Voisinet, P. Evangelista, and J. P. Dyke. "Subchondral bone circulation in osteoarthritis of the human knee." Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 26, no. 7 (July 2018): 940–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joca.2018.04.003.
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Daozhang, C., C. Yuxian, and Z. Hua. "Analysis of the serum biomarkers in human knee osteoarthritis." Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 20 (April 2012): S89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joca.2012.02.086.
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Fishkin, Zair, David Miller, Christopher Ritter, and Israel Ziv. "Changes in human knee ligament stiffness secondary to osteoarthritis." Journal of Orthopaedic Research 20, no. 2 (March 2002): 204–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0736-0266(01)00087-0.
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Vashishtha, Anuradha, and Anuja kumar Acharya. "An Overview of Medical Imaging Techniques for Knee Osteoarthritis Disease." Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal 14, no. 02 (June 28, 2021): 903–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/bpj/2192.
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Osteoarthritis is the most common form of “Arthritis & Joint disease”. Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the fundamental causes of older and overweight individual’s sickness. It is the main cause of disability in adults. Mostly this disease occurs in people above 45 years of age, in which women suffer more as compared to men. it is basically damaged the Cartilage, because of which bones rub each other causing intense pain and inflammation. this gets thick and makes spurs at the edges. The knee Osteoarthritis is of 4 grades according to X-ray. The first 2 grade and 3rd grade can be recovered with the help of therapy and medications, while the 4th grade is necessary for knee replacement. The emerging Osteoarthritis management approach involves clinical evaluation & diagnostic imaging techniques. Within this research, we explore descriptively and objectively the various medical imaging methods used to diagnose and identify knee osteoarthritis. We study on the automatically detection of recovery rate of human disease and classify Osteoarthritis in the knee from medical images (like Magnetic Resonance image, CT scan, X-ray) from various medical image classification procedures. This paper provides a study that focuses on the various medical imaging methods used to determine osteoarthritis.
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Lim, Y., Y. Wang, M. Estee, J. Abidi, M. Udaya Kumar, S. M. Hussain, A. Wluka, C. Little, and F. Cicuttini. "POS1118 METFORMIN AS A POTENTIAL DISEASE-MODIFYING DRUG IN OSTEOARTHRITIS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF PRE-CLINICAL AND HUMAN STUDIES." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 81, Suppl 1 (May 23, 2022): 888.1–888. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.2205.
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BackgroundOsteoarthritis causes significant pain and disability with no approved disease-modifying drugs. There is evidence emerging from pre-clinical and human studies suggesting metformin may have disease-modifying properties in osteoarthritis1-5. Given its pleiotropic effects and safety profile, metformin has the potential to be a novel therapy for osteoarthritis.ObjectivesWe systematically reviewed the evidence from both pre-clinical and human studies for the potential disease-modifying effect of metformin in osteoarthritis.MethodsOvid Medline, Embase and CINAHL were searched between inception and June 2021 using MeSH terms and key words to identify studies examining the association between metformin use and outcome measures related to osteoarthritis. Two reviewers performed the risk of bias assessment and 3 reviewers extracted data independently. Qualitative evidence synthesis was performed. This systematic review is registered on PROSPERO (CRD42021261052 and CRD42021261060).ResultsFifteen (10 pre-clinical and 5 human) studies were included. Most studies (10 pre-clinical and 3 human) assessed the effect of metformin using knee osteoarthritis models. In pre-clinical studies, metformin was assessed for the effect on structural outcomes (n=10); immunomodulation (n=5); pain (n=4); and molecular pathways of its effect in osteoarthritis (n=7). For human studies, metformin was evaluated for the effect on structural progression (n=3); pain (n=1); and immunomodulation (n=1). Overall, pre-clinical studies consistently showed metformin having a chondroprotective, immunomodulatory and analgesic effect in osteoarthritis, predominantly mediated by adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase activation. Evidence from human studies, although limited, was consistent with findings in pre-clinical studies.ConclusionWe found consistent evidence across pre-clinical and human studies to support a favourable effect of metformin on chondroprotection, immunomodulation and pain reduction in knee osteoarthritis. Further high-quality clinical trials are needed to confirm these findings as metformin could be a novel therapeutic drug for the treatment of osteoarthritis.References[1]Li H, Ding X, Terkeltaub R, Lin H, Zhang Y, Zhou B, et al. Exploration of metformin as novel therapy for osteoarthritis: preventing cartilage degeneration and reducing pain behavior. Arthritis Res Ther. 2020;22(1):34.[2]Li J, Zhang B, Liu WX, Lu K, Pan H, Wang T, et al. Metformin limits osteoarthritis development and progression through activation of AMPK signalling. Ann Rheum Dis. 2020;79(5):635-645.[3]Na HS, Kwon JY, Lee SY, Lee SH, Lee AR, Woo JS, et al. Metformin Attenuates Monosodium-Iodoacetate-Induced Osteoarthritis via Regulation of Pain Mediators and the Autophagy-Lysosomal Pathway. Cells. 2021;10(3).[4]Lu CH, Chung CH, Lee CH, Hsieh CH, Hung YJ, Lin FH, et al. Combination COX-2 inhibitor and metformin attenuate rate of joint replacement in osteoarthritis with diabetes: A nationwide, retrospective, matched-cohort study in Taiwan. PLoS ONE [Electronic Resource]. 2018;13(1):e0191242.[5]Wang Y, Hussain SM, Wluka AE, Lim YZ, Abram F, Pelletier JP, et al. Association between metformin use and disease progression in obese people with knee osteoarthritis: data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative-a prospective cohort study. Arthritis research & therapy. 2019;21(1):127.Disclosure of InterestsYuan Lim: None declared, Yuanyuan Wang: None declared, Mahnuma Estee: None declared, Jawad Abidi: None declared, Maushmi Udaya Kumar: None declared, Sultana Monira Hussain: None declared, Anita Wluka: None declared, Christopher Little Grant/research support from: CBL receives research funding from pharmaceutical companies (Fidia Farmaceutici, Cynata Therapeutics, Ceva Animal Health Pty Ltd and Regeneus Pty Ltd) to investigate efficacy of novel osteoarthritis therapeutics in pre-clinical models, through specific services/testing-contract research agreements between and managed by The University of Sydney or the Northern Sydney Local Health District, Flavia Cicuttini: None declared
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Trad, Zahra, Abdelwahed Barkaoui, and Moez Chafra. "A Three Dimensional Finite Element Analysis of Mechanical Stresses in the Human Knee Joint: Problem of Cartilage Destruction." Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering 32 (May 2017): 29–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jbbbe.32.29.
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Knee malalignment is considered one of the key biomechanical factors that influence the progression of knee osteoarthritis. In this context, a three-dimensional Finite Element model of the knee joint is developed and used to investigate the effect of the frontal plane femoro-tibial angle as well as the body weight load on the stress distribution in the knee cartilage and menisci. Therefore, the knee joint model is obtained through CAD software. Bones, articular cartilage and menisci are considered linear, elastic and isotropic materials. Ligaments were modelled using connectors. Consequently, contact pressures and equivalent stress (von-Mises) are calculated in Abaqus software. This model was validated using experimental and numerical results obtained by other authors. Results of this work demonstrated that; compressive stress and contact pressure on the medial compartment of the knee joint were found to be larger compared to those in the lateral compartment when the femoro-tibial angle and the body weight load increased from 0° to 12° varus and 500 N to 1250 N, respectively, suggesting that these two parameters might be risk factors for developing medial compartment knee osteoarthritis.
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Almhdie-Imjabbar, Ahmad, Hechmi Toumi, and Eric Lespessailles. "Radiographic Biomarkers for Knee Osteoarthritis: A Narrative Review." Life 13, no. 1 (January 14, 2023): 237. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life13010237.
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Conventional radiography remains the most widely available imaging modality in clinical practice in knee osteoarthritis. Recent research has been carried out to develop novel radiographic biomarkers to establish the diagnosis and to monitor the progression of the disease. The growing number of publications on this topic over time highlights the necessity of a renewed review. Herein, we propose a narrative review of a selection of original full-text articles describing human studies on radiographic imaging biomarkers used for the prediction of knee osteoarthritis-related outcomes. To achieve this, a PubMed database search was used. A total of 24 studies were obtained and then classified based on three outcomes: (1) prediction of radiographic knee osteoarthritis incidence, (2) knee osteoarthritis progression and (3) knee arthroplasty risk. Results showed that numerous studies have reported the relevance of joint space narrowing score, Kellgren–Lawrence score and trabecular bone texture features as potential bioimaging markers in the prediction of the three outcomes. Performance results of reviewed prediction models were presented in terms of the area under the receiver operating characteristic curves. However, fair and valid comparisons of the models’ performance were not possible due to the lack of a unique definition of each of the three outcomes.
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Zhang, Yaxin, Jihang Dai, Lianqi Yan, Qun Lin, Haixiang Miao, Xingkai Wang, Jingcheng Wang, and Yu Sun. "DL-3-N-Butylphthalide Promotes Cartilage Extracellular Matrix Synthesis and Inhibits Osteoarthritis Development by Regulating FoxO3a." Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2022 (July 20, 2022): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9468040.
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Osteoarthritis (OA) has been reported as a progressive disease in the elderly, primarily characterized by degenerated articular cartilage. There has been no satisfactory drug for the treatment of OA. DL-3-n-butylphthalide (NBP), a small molecule compound extracted from celery seeds, may have antiapoptotic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities in numerous studies. However, the effects of NBP on OA and its mechanisms have been rarely reported. In this study, the effect of NBP on OA in vitro and in vivo and its possible mechanism were investigated. The results showed that NBP injection into the knee joint inhibited osteoarthritis development in a rat model of osteoarthritis induced by DMM+ACLT. NBP could increase the expressions of extracellular matrix-related components (such as type II collagen, aggrecan, proteoglycan 4, and SRY-box 9) in human osteoarthritic chondrocytes and cartilage explants. Moreover, NBP promoted the expressions of SOD and CAT. NBP upregulated the expression of FoxO3a by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT pathway, which subsequently inhibited the apoptosis of human OA chondrocytes. In conclusion, NBP promotes cartilage extracellular matrix synthesis and inhibits osteoarthritis development and the underlying mechanism related to the activation of FoxO3a.
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Patchornik, Shachar, Edward Ram, Noah Ben Shalom, Zvi Nevo, and Dror Robinson. "Chitosan-Hyaluronate Hybrid Gel Intraarticular Injection Delays Osteoarthritis Progression and Reduces Pain in a Rat Meniscectomy Model as Compared to Saline and Hyaluronate Treatment." Advances in Orthopedics 2012 (2012): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/979152.
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Chitosan-Hyaluronate hybrid gel (CHHG) is a self-forming thermo-responsive hydrogel. The current study was undertaken in order to assess the effect of CHHG on rat's surgically induced osteoarthritis.Methods. Thirteen rats were included in the study. In all rats weight-bearing was assessed using a Linton Incapacitance tester. All rats underwent bilateral medial partial meniscectomy. Four rats received a saline injection in the control knee and a 200-microliter injection of CHHG in the experimental knee. Five rats received a high-molecular weight hyaluronate injection to the control knee and a 200-microliter injection of CHHG in the experimental knee. Four rats underwent the same surgical procedure, allowed to recuperate for seven days and then CHHG and hyaluronate were injected. The animals were followed for 6 weeks. Two weeks after injection of a therapeutic substance the amount of weight-bearing on each knee was evaluated using a Linton Incapacitance meter.Results. Two weeks after induction of osteoarthritis there is less pain in the CHHG-treated knee than in the control-treated knee, as determined using a Lintron Incapacitance meter. After six-weeks the histological appearance of the CHHG-treated knee was superior to that of the controls. This is indicated by thicker cartilage remaining on the medial femoral condyle as well as less cyst formation in the CHHG-treated knee.Discussion. CHHG appears to delay progression of osteoarthritis and lessen pain in a rat surgically-induced knee osteoarthritis model. These results support other published results, indicating that there is an ameliorative effect of chitosan on human and rabbit osteoarthritis.
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Mahmoudian, Armaghan, Dieter Van Assche, Walter Herzog, and Frank P. Luyten. "Towards secondary prevention of early knee osteoarthritis." RMD Open 4, no. 2 (August 2018): e000468. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/rmdopen-2017-000468.
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Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee is the most common arthritic disease, yet a convincing drug treatment is not available. The current narrative review focuses on integration of scientific evidence and professional experience to illustrate which management approaches can be taken for prototypical individual patient profiles with early knee OA. Animal models suggest that: (1) OA can progress even in the presence of fully recovered movement kinetics, kinematics and muscle activation patterns; (2) muscle weakness is an independent risk factor for the onset and possibly the rate of progression of knee OA; (3) onset and progression of OA are not related to body weight but appear to depend on the percentage of body fat. From studies in the human model, one could postulate that risk factors associated with progression of knee OA include genetic traits, preceding traumatic events, obesity, intensity of pain at baseline, static and dynamic joint malalignment and reduced muscle strength. Taken this into account, an individual can be identified as early knee OA at high risk for disease progression. A holistic patient-tailored management including education, supportive medication, weight loss, exercise therapy (aerobic, strengthening and neuromuscular) and behavioural approaches to improve self-management of early knee OA is discussed in individual prototypic patients. Secondary prevention of early knee OA provides a window of opportunity to slow down or even reverse the disease process. Yet, as the sheer number of patients early in the OA disease process is probably large, a more structured approach is needed to provide appropriate care depending on the patient’s individual risk profile.
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Zacharjasz, Julian, Anna M. Mleczko, Paweł Bąkowski, Tomasz Piontek, and Kamilla Bąkowska-Żywicka. "Small Noncoding RNAs in Knee Osteoarthritis: The Role of MicroRNAs and tRNA-Derived Fragments." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 11 (May 27, 2021): 5711. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22115711.
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Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative knee joint disease that results from the breakdown of joint cartilage and underlying bone, affecting about 3.3% of the world's population. As OA is a multifactorial disease, the underlying pathological process is closely associated with genetic changes in articular cartilage and bone. Many studies have focused on the role of small noncoding RNAs in OA and identified numbers of microRNAs that play important roles in regulating bone and cartilage homeostasis. The connection between other types of small noncoding RNAs, especially tRNA-derived fragments and knee osteoarthritis is still elusive. The observation that there is limited information about small RNAs different than miRNAs in knee OA was very surprising to us, especially given the fact that tRNA fragments are known to participate in a plethora of human diseases and a portion of them are even more abundant than miRNAs. Inspired by these findings, in this review we have summarized the possible involvement of microRNAs and tRNA-derived fragments in the pathology of knee osteoarthritis.
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Azma, Kamran, Zahra RezaSoltani, Farid Rezaeimoghaddam, Afsaneh Dadarkhah, and Sarasadat Mohsenolhosseini. "Efficacy of tele-rehabilitation compared with office-based physical therapy in patients with knee osteoarthritis: A randomized clinical trial." Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare 24, no. 8 (August 3, 2017): 560–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1357633x17723368.
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Introduction Knee osteoarthritis is a major cause of disability among the middle to senior age groups. Despite being effective, office-based physical therapy (OBPT) needs professional human resources and is both costly and time-consuming. We aimed to compare the efficacy of tele-rehabilitation (tele-rehab) compared with OBPT in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Methods In this randomized clinical trial, patients with symptomatic osteoarthritis of the knee were assigned to participate in either a 6-week home-based tele-rehab or an OBPT program between 2015 and 2016. Our primary outcome was the mean change from the baseline until 1 and 6 month's post-intervention in scores of the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). We used analysis of variance for the repeated measure statistical test. Results A total of 54 patients entered the final analysis, with 27 in each group. The mean age of the patients was 58.2 ± 7.41 years and 60.2% were female. In the tele-rehab and OBPT group, KOOS scores increased from baseline to 6 months post-intervention (50.6 to 83.1 and 49.8 to 81.8) respectively. There was no significant difference between tele-rehab and OBPT groups in any of the studied scales. Discussion The tele-rehab program is as effective as OBPT in improving the function of patients with knee osteoarthritis. Considering the much lower time and cost consumed by tele-rehab, it is the recommended program for the older population living in remote sites.
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Kaneko, H., A. Arepati, H. Arita, M. Momoeda, Y. Negishi, T. Aoki, L. Liu, et al. "Osteophytes formation processes in early stage knee osteoarthritis in human." Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 27 (April 2019): S480. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joca.2019.02.528.
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Lee, Bumsup, Javad Parvizi, Dale Bramlet, David W. Romness, Ali Guermazi, Moon Noh, Nipun Sodhi, Anton Khlopas, and Michael A. Mont. "Results of a Phase II Study to Determine the Efficacy and Safety of Genetically Engineered Allogeneic Human Chondrocytes Expressing TGF-β1." Journal of Knee Surgery 33, no. 02 (January 4, 2019): 167–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1676803.
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AbstractGenetically engineered chondrocytes virally transduced with a transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 (TG-C [TissueGene-C]) expression vector have been shown to have potential benefits in the nonoperative management of knee osteoarthritis. Previous literature has reported on safe dosages of TG-C. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the Phase II results and a 24-month efficacy of this injectable mixture compared with placebo in patients with Kellgren–Lawrence (K–L) grade III knee osteoarthritis. Specifically, we assessed (1) functional outcomes, (2) pain scores, (3) adverse events (AEs), and (4) magnetic resonance imaging (MRIs) findings. We performed a multicenter, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, and randomized study of adults who had K–L grade III knee osteoarthritis. A total of 102 patients were 2:1 randomized to TG-C at a dose of 3.0 × 107 cells, or placebo injections between May 1, 2011 and October 31, 2012. Outcomes analyzed were knee joint function, pain, quality of life, adverse events, and MRI findings using the whole-organ magnetic resonance imaging score (WORMS) system. There were significant improvements in the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) and visual analogue scale (VAS) scores in the TG-C cohort, when compared with the placebo cohort at weeks 12, 52, 72, and 104 (p < 0.05). No severe AEs were observed. Common AEs were arthralgia, joint inflammation, and joint effusion which were similar between both cohorts. Whole-knee MRIs at 12 months showed less progression of cartilage damage, infrapatellar fat pad-synovitis, and effusion-synovitis in the TG-C cohort. Patients who received TG-C had significant improvements in IKDC and VAS scores. These patients also reported less severe and frequent pain. Additionally, fewer patients treated with TG-C showed progression of cartilage damage, as well as less progression of infrapatellar fat pad synovitis and effusion-synovitis. Furthermore, treatment with TG-C was generally well tolerated with minor AEs. Therefore, based on these results, TG-C appears to be a safe and effective modality for the management of K–L grade III osteoarthritis.
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Zuhri, Saifudin. "Pengaruh Phonophoresis Untuk Menurunkan Nyeri Pasien Osteoarthritis Lutut." Jurnal Keterapian Fisik 4, no. 2 (November 28, 2019): 85–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.37341/jkf.v4i2.191.
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Background: In everyday life activities human beings need prime conditions to create functional motion. One factor that interferes with functional motion is pain. The goal of physiotherapy for people with pain is to relieve pain. Many of the physiotherapy modalities recommended for reducing pain include phonophoresis. But the phonophoresis modality has not been widely implemented in Indonesia. Objective: To determine the effect of phonophoresis on reducing knee pain in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Methods: This study was a pure experiment with a pre-test and post-test with control group design. The study subjects were patients with knee osteoarthritis who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. From the number of patients who came to the physiotherapy polyclinic of Dr Moewardi Hospital Surakarta, they would be randomized to the experimental group and the control group. The experimental group will get standard therapy at Dr Moewardi Hospital Surakarta plus phonophoresis, while the control group only gets standard therapy from the hospital. The independent variable is the administration of phonophoresis and the dependent variable is a decrease in knee pain. Statistical analysis using t-test. Results: Of Phonophoresis and standard therapy can reduce knee pain. More pain occurs in phonophoresis. Conclusion: Phonophoresis can be selected as a therapy to reduce pain in people with osteoarthritis
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Deshmukh, V., S. Grogan, T. Seo, D. Bhat, W. Bugbee, D. D’lima, and Y. Yazici. "AB0070 LORECIVIVINT (SM04690), A POTENTIAL DISEASE-MODIFYING TREATMENT FOR KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS, DEMONSTRATED CARTILAGE-PROTECTIVE EFFECTS ON HUMAN OSTEOARTHRITIC EXPLANTS." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (June 2020): 1335.1–1336. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.6346.
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Background:Wnt pathway upregulation contributes to knee osteoarthritis (OA) through osteocyte differentiation, cartilage thinning, and inflammation. Lorecivivint (LOR; SM04690), a novel, small-molecule CLK/DYRK1A inhibitor that modulates the Wnt pathway, demonstrated disease-modifying potential for knee OA in preclinical studies.1However, the specific mechanisms by which LOR protects cartilage in knee OA are unclear.Objectives:To evaluate the cartilage-protective effects of LOR on human OA explants from total knee replacement (TKR) donors.Methods:Knee joint tissue from 22 TKR donors was obtained. IRB approval was obtained from Scripps Health. Cartilage was scored using the Outerbridge classification system based on gross appearance (grade 1=least-damaged tissue, grade 4=most-damaged tissue). Cartilage explants (4 mm in diameter) with Outerbridge grades 2–3 were harvested and cultured for 48 hours to reach metabolic stability. They were then treated with LOR (10 nM, 30 nM) or DMSO and stimulated with either IL-1β (10 ng/ml) or TNF-α (20 ng/ml)+oncostatin M (OM) (10 ng/ml) or left unstimulated. After 72 hours, supernatants and explants were collected. Gene expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) 1, 3, and 13 was measured by qPCR and protein levels of MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-13, and thrombospondin-motif-containing disintegrins/metalloproteinases ADAMTS-4 and ADAMTS-5 were measured in supernatants by ELISA. Glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and nitric oxide (NO) levels were measured in supernatants using the dimethylmethylene blue assay and Griess assay, respectively. One-way ANOVA was used for multiple group comparisons.Results:Treatment with IL-1β or TNF-α+OM led to statistically significant increases in gene expression ofMMP1,MMP3, andMMP13and increased secretion of GAG, MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-13, ADAMTS-4, ADAMTS-5, and NO in supernatants compared to unstimulated control. Treatment with LOR decreased both IL-1β-stimulated and TNF-α+OM-stimulated gene expression ofMMP1,MMP3, andMMP13and secretion of GAG, MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-13, ADAMTS-4, ADAMTS-5, and NO in supernatants compared to treatment with DMSO.Conclusion:LOR demonstrated potent inhibition of cartilage catabolism enzyme production in human OA explants compared to controls. These cartilage-protective effects support the development of LOR as a potential disease-modifying treatment for knee OA. Human trials are ongoing.References:[1]Deshmukh V, et al.Osteoarthr Cartil. 2019.Disclosure of Interests:Vishal Deshmukh Shareholder of: Samumed, LLC, Employee of: Samumed, LLC, Shawn Grogan: None declared, Tim Seo Shareholder of: Samumed, LLC, Employee of: Samumed, LLC, Deepti Bhat Shareholder of: Samumed, LLC, Employee of: Samumed, LLC, William Bugbee: None declared, Darryl D’Lima: None declared, Yusuf Yazici Shareholder of: Samumed, LLC, Grant/research support from: Bristol-Myers Squibb, Celgene, and Genentech, Consultant of: Celgene and Sanofi, Employee of: Samumed, LLC
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Struglics, André, and Maria Hansson. "MMP proteolysis of the human extracellular matrix protein aggrecan is mainly a process of normal turnover." Biochemical Journal 446, no. 2 (August 14, 2012): 213–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20120274.
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Although it has been shown that aggrecanases are involved in aggrecan degradation, the role of MMP (matrix metalloproteinase) aggrecanolysis is less well studied. To investigate MMP proteolysis of human aggrecan, in the present study we used neoepitope antibodies against MMP cleavage sites and Western blot analysis to identify MMP-generated fragments in normal and OA (osteoarthritis/osteoarthritic) cartilage, and in normal, knee injury and OA and SF (synovial fluid) samples. MMP-3 in vitro digestion showed that aggrecan contains six MMP cleavage sites, in the IGD (interglobular domain), the KS (keratan sulfate) region, the border between the KS region and CS (chondroitin sulfate) region 1, the CS1 region, and the border between the CS2 and the G3 domain, and kinetic studies showed a specific order of digestion where the cleavage between CS2 and the G3 domain was the most preferred. In vivo studies showed that OA cartilage contained (per dry weight) 3.4-fold more MMP-generated FFGV fragments compared with normal cartilage, and although aggrecanase-generated SF-ARGS concentrations were increased 14-fold in OA and knee-injured patients compared with levels in knee-healthy reference subjects, the SF-FFGV concentrations did not notably change. The results of the present study suggest that MMPs are mainly involved in normal aggrecan turnover and might have a less-active role in aggrecan degradation during knee injury and OA.
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Nakamura, Akihiro, Yoga Raja Rampersaud, Sayaka Nakamura, Anirudh Sharma, Fanxing Zeng, Evgeny Rossomacha, Shabana Amanda Ali, et al. "microRNA-181a-5p antisense oligonucleotides attenuate osteoarthritis in facet and knee joints." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 78, no. 1 (October 4, 2018): 111–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2018-213629.
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ObjectivesWe recently identified microRNA-181a-5p (miR-181a-5p) as a critical mediator involved in the destruction of lumbar facet joint (FJ) cartilage. In this study, we tested if locked nucleic acid (LNA) miR-181a-5p antisense oligonucleotides (ASO) could be used as a therapeutic to limit articular cartilage degeneration.MethodsWe used a variety of experimental models consisting of both human samples and animal models of FJ and knee osteoarthritis (OA) to test the effects of LNA-miR-181a-5p ASO on articular cartilage degeneration. Histopathological analysis including immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridisation were used to detect key OA catabolic markers and microRNA, respectively. Apoptotic/cell death markers were evaluated by flow cytometry. qPCR and immunoblotting were applied to quantify gene and protein expression.ResultsmiR-181a-5p expression was increased in human FJ OA and knee OA cartilage as well as injury-induced FJ OA (rat) and trauma-induced knee OA (mouse) cartilage compared with control cartilage, correlating with classical OA catabolic markers in human, rat and mouse cartilage. We demonstrated that LNA-miR-181a-5p ASO in rat and mouse chondrocytes reduced the expression of cartilage catabolic and chondrocyte apoptotic/cell death markers in vitro. Treatment of OA-induced rat FJ or mouse knee joints with intra-articular injections of in vivo grade LNA-miR-181a-5p ASO attenuated cartilage destruction, and the expression of catabolic, hypertrophic, apoptotic/cell death and type II collagen breakdown markers. Finally, treatment of LNA-miR-181a-5p ASO in cultures of human knee OA chondrocytes (in vitro) and cartilage explants (ex vivo) further demonstrated its cartilage protective effects.ConclusionsOur data demonstrate, for the first time, that LNA-miR-181a-5p ASO exhibit cartilage-protective effects in FJ and knee OA.
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Khajehsaeid, Hesam, Zanko Abdollahpour, and Hedyeh Farahmandpour. "Effect of Degradation and Osteoarthritis on the Viscoelastic Properties of Human Knee Articular Cartilage: An Experimental Study and Constitutive Modeling." Biomechanics 1, no. 2 (August 20, 2021): 225–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomechanics1020019.
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Articular cartilage, as a hydrated soft tissue which covers diarthrodial joints, has a pivotal role in the musculoskeletal system. Osteoarthritis is the most common degenerative disease that affects most individuals over the age of 55. This disease affects the elasticity, lubrication mechanism, damping function, and energy absorption capability of articular cartilage. In order to investigate the effect of osteoarthritis on the performance of articular cartilage, the mechanical behavior of human knee articular cartilage was experimentally investigated. Progressive cyclic deformation was applied beyond the physiological range to facilitate degradation of the tissue. The relaxation response of the damaged tissue was modeled by means of a fractional-order nonlinear viscoelastic model in the framework of finite deformations. It is shown that the proposed fractional model well reproduces the tissue’s mechanical behavior using a low number of parameters. Alteration of the model parameters was also investigated throughout the progression of tissue damage. This helps predict the mechanical behavior of the osteoarthritic tissue based on the level of previous damage. It is concluded that, with progression of osteoarthritis, the articular cartilage loses its viscoelastic properties such as damping and energy absorption capacity. This is also accompanied by a loss of stiffness which deteriorates more rapidly than viscosity does throughout the evolution of tissue damage. These results are thought to be significant in better understanding the degradation of articular cartilage and the progression of OA, as well as in the design of artificial articular cartilages.
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De Luca, Paola, Alessandra Colombini, Giulia Carimati, Michelangelo Beggio, Laura de Girolamo, and Piero Volpi. "Intra-Articular Injection of Hydrolyzed Collagen to Treat Symptoms of Knee Osteoarthritis. A Functional In Vitro Investigation and a Pilot Retrospective Clinical Study." Journal of Clinical Medicine 8, no. 7 (July 4, 2019): 975. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm8070975.
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Among all joints affected, knee osteoarthritis has a prevalence of about 10% in men and 13% in women over 60 years old. Knee osteoarthritis has high economic and social costs and may have a devastating impact on patient quality of life. Treatment of symptomatic knee Osteoarthritis may involve oral or topical administration of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or intra-articular injection of corticosteroids. Recently, a novel injectable collagen formulation (ChondroGrid) consisting of bovine hydrolyzed <3 kDa type I collagen has been developed and is currently available on the market as an injectable medical device. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the in vitro and in vivo effects of ChondroGrid in treating knee osteoarthritis symptoms to assess its safety and performance. Viability and proliferation of ChondroGrid-exposed human chondrocytes derived from five donors were assessed through the Alamar Blue/CyQuant assays. Their expression of MMP1/MMP3 and TIMP1/TIMP3 was then assessed through RT-PCR and that of TGFβ1, IGF-I, and VEGF using ELISA assays. Shape and ECM deposition were assessed using the Bern score after a 28-day ChondroGrid exposure, and collagen deposition was assessed using immunostaining. Records of 20 patients affected by Kellgren Lawrence grade 1 to 4 knee osteoarthritis who received three 4mg/2mL ChondroGrid injections 2 weeks apart were then retrospectively assessed to compare VAS, Lequesne, and WOMAC scores collected before and 15, 45, and 225 days after the first injection. ChondroGrid had no effects on the markers under consideration, but induced type-II and inhibited type-I collagen deposition; the Bern score was higher when cells were cultured with ChondroGrid. Patients experienced a 44% Lequesne score and a 55% VAS at moving score reduction. All other scores decreased >70%. ChondroGrid may prompt chondrocytes to produce hyaline cartilage, prevent fibrous tissue formation, and be a safe and effective adjuvant to treat symptomatic knee osteoarthritis.
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Kooshkaki, Omid, Elham Atabati, Majid Shayesteh, Fatemeh Salmani, and Gholamreza A. Sarab. "The Association Between Knee Osteoarthritis and HLA-DRB1*0101 in the East of Iran." Current Rheumatology Reviews 16, no. 2 (May 11, 2020): 134–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573397115666190716114738.
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Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a painful social problem, which breaks down the articular cartilage, causes the failure of synovial joints and subchondral bone sclerosis. OA etiology is not completely understood, but joint trauma, infection, obesity, and diseases are the most important risk factors for OA developing. Recent studies suggested inflammatory factors and genetic components can be involved in the pathogenesis of OA. Experimental evidences suggest a linkage between Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) genetic diversity and OA. But a few studies have been conducted in this subject. Objective: To investigate the association between HLA-DRB1*0101 and OA in Iranian patients. Methods: Thirty patients with knee osteoarthritis and 30 healthy people as the control group were included in the study. Sex, weight, age, Body mass index (BMI) and height of all participants were recorded. HLA-DRB1*0101 was typed by PCR using the sequence-specific primer. Results: Our results showed 80% of knee osteoarthritis patients were positively HLA-DRB1*0101 (n=24), while only 26.7% of controls were positive (n=8) (P= 0.015). Conclusion: These findings proposed that there is a significant association between HLADRB1* 0101 and susceptibility to knee osteoarthritis.
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He, Qiang, Caihong Sun, Wei Lei, and Jianbing Ma. "SOCS1 Regulates Apoptosis and Inflammation by Inhibiting IL-4 Signaling in IL-1β-Stimulated Human Osteoarthritic Chondrocytes." BioMed Research International 2017 (2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/4601959.
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Recently, Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 1 (SOCS1) was identified as a potential therapeutic target for osteoarthritis (OA) treatment. However, the mechanisms and signaling pathways of SOCS1 in the regulation of OA development are unclear. The purpose of the current study was to investigate whether interleukin- (IL-) 4 was involved in regulatory mechanism of SOCS1 in human osteoarthritic chondrocytes. First, IL-1βwas used to stimulate human osteoarthritic chondrocytes isolated from the articular cartilage of OA patients undergoing total knee replacement. The protein and mRNA expression levels of SOCS1 were upregulated in IL-1β-stimulated human osteoarthritic chondrocytes compared with control cells. The knockdown of SOCS1 increased cell viability and inhibited cell apoptosis. It was also found that IL-4 expression was increased by SOCS1 silencing. Additionally, knockdown of IL-4 reduced cell viability and increased cell apoptosis of osteoarthritic chondrocytes transfected with SOCS1 siRNA. Moreover, the decreased expression of inflammatory factors induced by SOCS1 was enhanced by IL-4 knockdown. In conclusion, IL-4 signaling plays a crucial role in the regulatory functions of SOCS1 in apoptosis and inflammation in human osteoarthritic chondrocytes. These findings provide a potential therapeutic target for the clinical treatment of OA.
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Dhillon, Jaydeep, Matthew J. Kraeutler, J. Wilson Belk, and Anthony J. Scillia. "Umbilical Cord–Derived Stem Cells for the Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 10, no. 7 (July 1, 2022): 232596712211044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/23259671221104409.
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Background: The use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis (OA) has gained recent interest in the orthopaedics community. Purpose: To review the literature to evaluate the efficacy of umbilical cord–derived MSCs in the treatment of OA of the knee joint. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: We searched the PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases to identify studies with evidence levels from 1 to 4 that evaluated the clinical efficacy of human umbilical cord–derived MSC (hUC-MSC) injections for knee OA. The search phrase used was “umbilical cord knee osteoarthritis.” In the studies reviewed, patients were assessed based on the macroscopic International Cartilage Regeneration & Joint Preservation Society (ICRS) score, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), visual analog scale (VAS) for pain, and the subjective International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score. Results: A total of 7 studies met inclusion criteria, including 385 patients undergoing injection of hUC-MSCs (mean age, 59.7 years). The mean follow-up was 23.4 months. Weighted averages of the WOMAC, macroscopic ICRS, subjective IKDC, and VAS scores all showed improvement from before to after treatment. No severe adverse reactions were recorded. Conclusion: Patients undergoing treatment of knee OA with hUC-MSCs might be expected to experience improvements in clinical outcomes. Additional high-quality randomized studies are needed to better determine the efficacy of hUC-MSC for the treatment of knee OA.
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Tarniţă, Daniela, Marius Catana, and Dan Nicolae Tarnita. "Modeling and Finite Element Analysis of the Human Knee Joint Affected by Osteoarthritis." Key Engineering Materials 601 (March 2014): 147–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.601.147.
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The paper presents a complex three-dimensional model of the human knee joint, containing bones, ligaments, menisci, tibial and femoral cartilages. To investigate the role of the articular cartilage in the developing of the osteoarthritis, to analyze and simulate the biomechanical behavior of the human knee joint, a finite element analysis was performed. The non-linearities are due to the presence of the contact elements modeled between components surfaces and to the nonlinear properties of the cartilage, applying a load of 800 N and 1500 N, for 0o in flexion. The results show that misalignment (valgus variation) could damage the articular cartilage because they increase the stress magnitude, that progressively produce articular cartilage damage and it enhances the osteoarthritis phenomenon due to mechanical factors. The displacements and the Von Mises stress distributions on the cartilage and menisci for the virtual prototype, considering an angle of 10 degrees for valgus, are presented. The obtained values are comparable with the values obtained by other authors.
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van Tienen, Tony, Koen Defoort, Pieter Emans, Sebastiaan van der Groes, and Maarten van der Zanden. "First clinical experiences with an anatomical meniscus prosthesis." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 8, no. 9_suppl7 (September 1, 2020): 2325967120S0053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967120s00538.
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Introduction: Meniscus loss is a known cause for medial compartment joint pain related to knee osteoarthritis (KOA). The cartilage in knee joints of KOA patients degenerates over time, resulting in accumulative complaints and reduced quality of life. When the osteoarthritis progresses knee arthroplasty is often the eventual treatment once they have reached the eligible age. In case of low grade KOA and an absent meniscus, the orthopedic surgeon currently has no established surgical procedure at hand to restore the knee mechanics and provide pain relief. Methods: A durable medial meniscus prosthesis has been developed to overcome this treatment gap. This anatomically shaped polymer prosthesis is based on a decade of pre-clinical work at the Radboudumc. The Trammpolin meniscus prosthesis is currently being evaluated in a First in Human clinical trial in three orthopedic centers in the Netherlands. The first results and next steps will be shared in this presentation.
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Higashiyama, Reiji, Shigeru Miyaki, Satoshi Yamashita, Teruhito Yoshitaka, Görel Lindman, Yoshiaki Ito, Takahisa Sasho, Kazuhisa Takahashi, Martin Lotz, and Hiroshi Asahara. "Correlation between MMP-13 and HDAC7 expression in human knee osteoarthritis." Modern Rheumatology 20, no. 1 (February 2010): 11–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/s10165-009-0224-7.
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Yamada, K., R. Healey, D. Amiel, M. Lotz, and R. Coutts. "Subchondral bone of the human knee joint in aging and osteoarthritis." Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 10, no. 5 (May 2002): 360–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/joca.2002.0525.
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Tesche, F., and N. Miosge. "Perlecan in late stages of osteoarthritis of the human knee joint." Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 12, no. 11 (November 2004): 852–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joca.2004.07.004.
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Marshall, K. W., H. Zhang, T. D. Yager, N. Nossova, A. Dempsey, R. Zheng, M. Han, H. Tang, S. Chao, and C. C. Liew. "Blood-based biomarkers for detecting mild osteoarthritis in the human knee." Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 13, no. 10 (October 2005): 861–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joca.2005.06.002.
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Živanović, Sandra, Ljiljana Petrović Rackov, Danilo Vojvodić, and Dušan Vučetić. "Human cartilage glycoprotein 39—biomarker of joint damage in knee osteoarthritis." International Orthopaedics 33, no. 4 (March 24, 2009): 1165–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00264-009-0747-8.
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Xiao, Ke, Yuemei Yang, Yanyan Bian, Bin Feng, Zeng Li, Zhihong Wu, Guixing Qiu, and Xisheng Weng. "Identification of differentially expressed long noncoding RNAs in human knee osteoarthritis." Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 120, no. 3 (October 9, 2018): 4620–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.27750.
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Wang, Yifan, Xianan Wang, Tianning Gao, Le Du, and Wei Liu. "An Automatic Knee Osteoarthritis Diagnosis Method Based on Deep Learning: Data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative." Journal of Healthcare Engineering 2021 (September 27, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5586529.
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Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis. According to the evidence presented on both sides of the knee bones, radiologists assess the severity of OA based on the Kellgren–Lawrence (KL) grading system. Recently, computer-aided methods are proposed to improve the efficiency of OA diagnosis. However, the human interventions required by previous semiautomatic segmentation methods limit the application on large-scale datasets. Moreover, well-known CNN architectures applied to the OA severity assessment do not explore the relations between different local regions. In this work, by integrating the object detection model, YOLO, with the visual transformer into the diagnosis procedure, we reduce human intervention and provide an end-to-end approach to automatic osteoarthritis diagnosis. Our approach correctly segments 95.57% of data at the expense of training on 200 annotated images on a large dataset that contains more than 4500 samples. Furthermore, our classification result improves the accuracy by 2.5% compared to the traditional CNN architectures.
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Siddiq, Md Abu Bakar, Danny Clegg, Tim L. Jansen, and Johannes J. Rasker. "Emerging and New Treatment Options for Knee Osteoarthritis." Current Rheumatology Reviews 18, no. 1 (February 2022): 20–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573397117666211116111738.
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: Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent type of arthritis worldwide, resulting in pain and often chronic disability and a significant burden on healthcare systems globally. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), analgesics, intra-articular corticosteroid injections are of little value in the long term, and opioids may have ominous consequences. Radiotherapy of knee OA has no added value. Physical therapy, exercises, weight loss, and lifestyle modifications may give pain relief, improve physical functioning and quality of life. However, none of them has articular cartilage regenerating potential. Due to a better understanding of osteoarthritis, innovative new treatment options have been developed. In this narrative review, we focus on emerging OA knee treatments, relieving symptoms, and regenerating damaged articular cartilage that includes intra-articular human serum albumin, conventional disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs), metformin, lipid-lowering agents (statin), nerve growth factors antagonists, bone morphogenetic protein, fibroblast growth factors, Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP), Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSC), exosomes, interleukin-1 blockers, gene-based therapy, and bisphosphonate.
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Ryu, Dong Jin, Yoon Sang Jeon, Jun Sung Park, Gi Cheol Bae, Jeong-seok Kim, and Myung Ku Kim. "Comparison of Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate and Allogenic Human Umbilical Cord Blood Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Implantation on Chondral Defect of Knee: Assessment of Clinical and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Outcomes at 2-Year Follow-Up." Cell Transplantation 29 (January 1, 2020): 096368972094358. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0963689720943581.
Full textAbstract:
Biological repair of cartilage lesions remains a significant clinical challenge. A wide variety of methods involving mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been introduced. Because of the limitation of the results, most of the treatment methods have not yet been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). However, bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC) and human umbilical cord blood derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB-MSCs) implantation were approved by Korea FDA. The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) outcomes after two different types of MSCs implantation in knee osteoarthritis. Fifty-two patients (52 knees) who underwent cartilage repair surgery using the BMAC (25 knees) and hUCB-MSCs (27 knees) were retrospectively evaluated for 2 years after surgery. Clinical outcomes were evaluated according to the score of visual analogue scale (VAS), the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) subjective, and the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS). Cartilage repair was assessed according to the modified Magnetic Resonance Observation of Cartilage Repair Tissue (M-MOCART) score and the International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) cartilage repair scoring system. At 2-year follow-up, clinical outcomes including VAS, IKDC, and KOOS significantly improved ( P < 0.05) in both groups; however, there were no differences between two groups. There was no significant difference in M-MOCART [1-year ( P = 0.261), 2-year ( P = 0.351)] and ICRS repair score ( P = 0.655) between two groups. Both groups showed satisfactory clinical and MRI outcomes. Implantation of MSCs from BMAC or hUCB-MSCs is safe and effective for repairing cartilage lesion. However, large cases and a well-controlled prospective design with long-term follow-up studies are needed.
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Busse, Dan. "Increased Knee Cartilage Volume in Degenerative Joint Disease using Percutaneously Implanted, Autologous Mesenchymal Stem Cells." Pain Physician 3;11, no. 5;3 (May 14, 2008): 343–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.36076/ppj.2008/11/343.
Full textAbstract:
Background: The ability to repair tissue via percutaneous means may allow interventional pain physicians to manage a wide variety of diseases including peripheral joint injuries and osteoarthritis. This review will highlight the developments in cellular medicine that may soon permit interventional pain management physicians to treat a much wider variety of clinical conditions and highlight an interventional case study using these technologies Objective: To determine if isolated and expanded human autologous mesenchymal stem cells could effectively regenerate cartilage and meniscal tissue when percutaneously injected into knees. Design: Case Study Setting: Private Interventional Pain Management practice. Methods: An IRB approved study with a consenting volunteer in which mesenchymal stem cells were isolated and cultured ex-vivo from bone marrow aspiration of the iliac crest. The mesenchymal stem cells were then percutaneously injected into the subject’s knee with MRI proven degenerative joint disease. Preand post-treatment subjective visual analog pain scores, physical therapy assessments, and MRIs measured clinical and radiographic changes. Results: At 24 weeks post-injection, the patient had statistically significant cartilage and meniscus growth on MRI, as well as increased range of motion and decreased modified VAS pain scores. Conclusion: The described process of autologous mesenchymal stem cell culture and percutaneous injection into a knee with symptomatic and radiographic degenerative joint disease resulted in significant cartilage growth, decreased pain and increased joint mobility in this patient. This has significant future implications for minimally invasive treatment of osteoarthritis and meniscal injury. Key words: autologous mesenchymal stem cells, osteoarthritis, knee, cartilage
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Kitajima, Hironori, Takuya Sakamoto, Tetsuhiro Horie, Ayane Kuwano, Atsushi Fuku, Yasuhiko Taki, Yuka Nakamura, et al. "Synovial Fluid Derived from Human Knee Osteoarthritis Increases the Viability of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells through Upregulation of FOSL1." Cells 12, no. 2 (January 15, 2023): 330. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells12020330.
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Knee osteoarthritis (Knee OA) is an irreversible condition that causes bone deformity and degeneration of the articular cartilage that comprises the joints, resulting in chronic pain and movement disorders. The administration of cultured adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) into the knee joint cavity improves the clinical symptoms of Knee OA; however, the effect of synovial fluid (SF) filling the joint cavity on the injected ADSCs remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the effect of adding SF from Knee OA patients to cultured ADSCs prepared for therapeutic use in an environment that mimics the joint cavity. An increase in the viability of ADSCs was observed following the addition of SF. Gene expression profiling of SF-treated ADSCs using DNA microarrays revealed changes in several genes involved in cell survival. Of these genes, we focused on FOSL1, which is involved in the therapeutic effect of ADSCs and the survival and proliferation of cancer stem cells. We confirmed the upregulation of FOSL1 mRNA and protein expression using RT-PCR and western blot analysis, respectively. Next, we knocked down FOSL1 in ADSCs using siRNA and observed a decrease in cell viability, indicating the involvement of FOSL1 in the survival of ADSCs. Interestingly, in the knockdown cells, ADSC viability was also decreased by SF exposure. These results suggest that SF enhances cell viability by upregulating FOSL1 expression in ADSCs. For therapy using cultured ADSCs, the therapeutic effect of ADSCs may be further enhanced if an environment more conducive to the upregulation of FOSL1 expression in ADSCs can be established.
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Fernández-Puente, Patricia, Lucía González-Rodríguez, Valentina Calamia, Florencia Picchi, Lucía Lourido, María Camacho-Encina, Natividad Oreiro, et al. "Analysis of Endogenous Peptides Released from Osteoarthritic Cartilage Unravels Novel Pathogenic Markers." Molecular & Cellular Proteomics 18, no. 10 (July 27, 2019): 2018–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/mcp.ra119.001554.
Full textAbstract:
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a pathology characterized by the loss of articular cartilage. In this study, we performed a peptidomic strategy to identify endogenous peptides (neopeptides) that are released from human osteoarthritic tissue, which may serve as disease markers. With this aim, secretomes of osteoarthritic and healthy articular cartilages obtained from knee and hip were analyzed by shotgun peptidomics. This discovery step led to the identification of 1175 different peptides, corresponding to 101 proteins, as products of the physiological or pathological turnover of cartilage extracellular matrix. Then, a targeted multiple reaction monitoring-mass spectrometry method was developed to quantify the panel of best marker candidates on a larger set of samples (n = 62). Statistical analyses were performed to evaluate the significance of the observed differences and the ability of the neopeptides to classify the tissue. Eight of them were differentially abundant in the media from wounded zones of OA cartilage compared with the healthy tissue (p < 0.05). Three neopeptides belonging to Clusterin and one from Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein showed a disease-dependent decrease specifically in hip OA, whereas two from Prolargin (PRELP) and one from Cartilage Intermediate Layer Protein 1 were significantly increased in samples from knee OA. The release of one peptide from PRELP showed the best metrics for tissue classification (AUC = 0.834). The present study reveals specific neopeptides that are differentially released from knee or hip human osteoarthritic cartilage compared with healthy tissue. This evidences the intervention of characteristic pathogenic pathways in OA and provides a novel panel of peptidic candidates for biomarker development.