Academic literature on the topic 'Human embryo research'

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Journal articles on the topic "Human embryo research"

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UM, YOUNG-RHAN. "South Korea: Human Embryo Research." Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 12, no. 3 (July 2003): 268–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963180103123092.

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On May 18, 2001, the Korean Bioethics Advisory Commission (KBAC), sponsored by the Ministry of Science and Technology, published a set of recommendations for biotechnological research and application, including scientific experiments with human embryos. Four days later, the KBAC held a public hearing to finalize its recommendations. Since then, public reaction and debate over the ethical aspects of human embryo research have actively surfaced. Most leaders of religious organizations, especially Catholic churches, objected to any type of embryo research. On the other hand, some leaders of the scientific community supported freer scientific research on human embryos.
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Cohen, Jacques, and Robert Lee Hotz. "Human embryo research." Current Opinion in Obstetrics and Gynecology 3, no. 5 (October 1991): 678–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001703-199110000-00009.

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Sheriff, D. Sultan. "Human embryo research." Postgraduate Medicine 80, no. 1 (July 1986): 204–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00325481.1986.11699461.

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Cole, A. P., A. J. Duddington, J. G. Duddington, and G. S. B. Sayer. "Human embryo research." Lancet 335, no. 8696 (April 1990): 1040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0140-6736(90)91106-k.

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Hyun, Insoo, and Kyu Won Jung. "Human Research Cloning, Embryos, and Embryo-Like Artifacts." Hastings Center Report 36, no. 5 (2006): 34–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/hcr.2006.0080.

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Wilger, Kevin. "Moving the Goalposts in Human Embryo Research." Ethics & Medics 41, no. 8 (2016): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/em201641815.

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The debate over the ethics of manufacturing and destroying human embryos has captured the interest of scientific, philosophic, and religious communities once again. In May researchers reported a new in vitro system that allows for the study of postimplantation human embryos. Scientists are now able to culture human embryos for twelve to thirteen days, obtaining new data about their development after implantation. In fact, the new procedure’s simulated implantation environment worked so well that one group of researchers had to destroy the embryos thirteen days after fertilization. This was done to avoid conducting embryo research at fourteen days or beyond, which would violate national and international guidelines. Naturally, the success of the new process has prompted scientists and journalists alike to question the validity of both the fourteen-day rule and the proper boundaries of research on human embryos.
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Matthews, Kirstin R. W., Ana S. Iltis, Nuria Gallego Marquez, Daniel S. Wagner, Jason Scott Robert, Inmaculada de Melo-Martín, Marieke Bigg, et al. "Rethinking Human Embryo Research Policies." Hastings Center Report 51, no. 1 (January 2021): 47–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hast.1215.

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Bosch, Xavier. "Spain approves human embryo research." Nature Medicine 9, no. 9 (September 2003): 1096. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm0903-1096b.

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The Lancet. "Animal-human hybrid-embryo research." Lancet 370, no. 9591 (September 2007): 909. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(07)61420-2.

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Baldwin, Thomas. "Morality and human embryo research." EMBO reports 10, no. 4 (April 2009): 299–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/embor.2009.37.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Human embryo research"

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McMillan, Catriona Alice Wilson. "Human embryo in vitro : a processual entity in legal stasis." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/31550.

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This doctoral research explores the ways in which UK law engages with embryonic processes, namely under the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 1990 (as amended). The research offers a fuller understanding of these elusive and evolving biological processes, and in particular, how they can, in turn, allow us to understand legal process and legal regulation more deeply. To do so, the thesis employs an anthropological concept - liminality - coined by Arnold van Gennep, which is itself concerned with revealing the dynamics of process. Liminality may be described as being concerned with the spaces in between distinct stages of human experience or with the process of transition between such stages. With this framing of liminality in mind - which is often characterised as a three-stage process of human experience - the research is divided into three parts, broadly reflecting the three parts of van Gennep's liminal schema: into, through, and out of liminality. It is argued herein that in regulating the embryo - that is, a processual liminal entity in itself - the law is regulating for uncertainty. Tracing the legal governance of the early stages of human life, from its inception to today's regulatory frameworks, the research diagnoses a 'legal gap' between the conceptual basis for regulation, and practical 'realities' of the 1990 Act (as amended). In particular, this 'gap' is typified by uncertainty surrounding embryos in vitro, and what this thesis diagnoses as 'legal stasis'. In order to situate this novel liminal analysis within existing paradigms, however, the thesis first frames embryos in vitro as 'gothic', building upon emergent analytical responses to postmodern forms of categorisation. This framing helps to articulate the nature of, and the reasons for, the above-mentioned 'legal gap'. This framing is nonetheless incomplete without a liminal lens, as it draws our attention to the dynamics of the processes occurring within this 'gap'. It is argued that considering the 'problem' in this manner enables us to move beyond conceptualisation, towards realisation. The gothic, and the liminal are thus used to critically assess legal representations of the embryo, and suggests that there are ways in which the law might better embrace the multiplicity of environments through which the embryo in vitro can travel, that is, either towards reproductive or research ends. It is argued that full recognition of these variable, relational liminal states of the embryo is important for the future of artificial reproduction and embryo research, and that this does not currently happen. In order for the law to reflect better the uncertain nature of embryonic processes, and the technologies that create them, the thesis posits a nuanced, contextual reframing of the embryo that captures the multiplicity of embryonic 'pathways' available within the 1990 Act (as amended). The overarching objective of this work is to consider a more coherent and robust intellectual defence of the ways in which we justify different treatments of in vitro embryos. It thus proposes a 'context-based approach' that embraces the variable, relational pathways already facilitated by the 1990 Act (as amended) in order to lead the embryo (and itself) into, through and out of liminality.
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Taylor, Alison Sandra. "Human parthenogenesis : an investigation to determine whether human parthenogentic embryos can be used as an alternative model for embryo research." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.244020.

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Champon, Benoit. "How to regulate embryo research? : a procedural approach." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=80913.

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Over the past few years, embryo research has been a widely discussed topic. New techniques such as embryo stem cell research or therapeutic cloning are considered by scientists to be very promising. Nevertheless, opponents of these experimentations warn against the commodification of human life forms and argue that the moral status of embryos should protect them from being destroyed purely for research.
Legislations on this topic have been enacted in most Western countries, though they are still much criticised. Is there an adequate way of regulating embryo research? Our argument suggests that consensus can only be procedurally obtained. That is, we believe that only legislative assemblies should have authority to take a position on this controversial topic, which is subject to moral disagreement, and as such, judges should only have a minor role.
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Brown, Brandon Patrick. "Ergon and the Embryo." Thesis, Connect to resource online, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/1706.

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Kaplan, David M. "The impact of the abortion law controversy on North American human embryo research policy." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq29209.pdf.

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Wise, Morag Barbara. "A study of the issues involved in the legal regulation of human embryo research and related practices." Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=22706.

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The development of artificially assisted reproduction has challenged some of the fundamental values which underlie the legal systems of the Western world. This thesis attempts first to put in context the continuing debate over the use of early human embryos in scientific research by considering the nature of the medical technology involved. In the second section, several aspects of the controversy over embryo research are then examined. Attempts to classify the human embryo and endow it with a particular moral or legal status are considered with a view to recommending an approach which legislators could adopt in regulating research on embryonic life. Thirdly the nature and scope of some of the attempts to regulate embryo research which have already been made are examined to test the approach suggested in the second section.
This thesis covers material up to and including September 1983. No account has been taken of any developments in policy or legislation which have occurred since then.
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Gillott, John. "The changing governance of science? : a critical inquiry into the contemporary politics and governance of natural science research as explored through the human tissue and embryo cases in the UK." Thesis, Open University, 2012. http://oro.open.ac.uk/54673/.

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This thesis contributes to a theoretical understanding of change in governance of natural scientific research in the UK. The time period studied in detail is the years of the New Labour Governments, 1997 to 2010. Two case studies were chosen to explore the issues: research using human tissue and research using human embryos. Investigation was guided by these two questions: To what extent and in what way do governance regimes incorporate proposals and approaches developed by social scientists, Science and Technology Studies and Sociology of Scientific Knowledge theorists in particular, and taken up by a range of actors in response to the perceived failures of older regimes? What are the impacts of contemporary governance regimes on natural scientific research? A reflexive theme and approach runs through the thesis. Aspects of SSK and social science theory are drawn upon, as a means to explore governance and as a means to critically explore social science itself. Beyond SSK, a novel reading and combination of Erving Goffman and (more critically) John Rawls is used to interrogate the many dimensions of the performative work of natural and social scientists who were drawn into public engagement and deliberative exercises. The thesis finds that in some areas there has been significant change to the ways in which governance is organised and conducted, and that STS and SSK themes and approaches have contributed to this. The thesis outlines what has been lost: professional discretion; clarity about social science analysis and goals; and clarity about issues of public interest and issues associated with scientific research and knowledge. A typical outcome is greater complexity and greater bureaucrats' and managers' influence. That campaigners and STS / SSK theorists did not aim for this is largely true. That they have some responsibility for the outcome is also true.
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Swanepoel, Magdaleen. "Embryonic stem cell research and cloning a proposed legislative framework in context of legal status and personhood /." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2006. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-07312007-150150/.

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Van, der Walt Johann George. "Die implikasies van die mensbeskouing in die Pauliniese briewe vir die morele status van die menslike embrio ten opsigte van stamselnavorsing : 'n teologies-etiese perspektief / J.G. van der Walt." Thesis, North-West University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/9240.

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Stem cell research offers hope to many people suffering from incurable diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, diabetes, heart disease and spinal back injuries. However this poses a moral dilemma because embryos are destroyed during embryonic stem cell research. To determine whether embryonic stem cell research is morally justifiable, two views in respect of a human being were considered: i. a human has a dualistic nature in which his body and soul are two separate entities or ii. his body and soul forms a unity which can not be separated. If a human has a dualistic nature, it means that the embryo is not a human, it does not have a soul because the soul is added later to form a human. The implication of this is that it will be morally justifiable to kill an embryo during embryonic stem cell research. However if body and soul forms a unity which can not be separated, the embryo is a human which is already developing into a full grown human with several stages of development. It will thus not be morally justifiable to kill an embryo as this will violate the sixth commandment, i.e. “Thou shalt not kill.” To determine whether a human’s body and soul is an inseparable unity or whether they are two separate entities, the Pauline letters' view on the human being was investigated. The research method employed was to do a comparative literary study to highlight the different aspects of stem cell research and then exegesis was done in respect of body (σoμα / sōma); soul (ψυχὴ / psychē) and spirit (πνεῦμα / pneuma) in the Pauline letters according to the grammatical-historical method. An electronic Bible Concordance was used to determine the texts in which the above concepts appear. A semantic word analysis was also done to analyse these concepts. Then authoritative commentaries were used to check the findings. The analysis indicated that Paul refers to a human as unity in which body and soul can not be separated. The implication of this finding is that embryonic stem cell research should be dismissed because it will result in the destruction of embryos. Humans will thus be killed in violation of the sixth commandment. On the other hand adult stem cell research should be encouraged because it has the potential to cure diseases which has up to now been incurable.
Thesis (MTh (Ethics))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013.
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BONOMELLI, SARA. "L'EDITING GENETICO GERMINALE UMANO, TRA PROBLEMI ETICI E QUESTIONI DI GOVERNANCE." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/922688.

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The dissertation aims at identifying and analyzing the scientific, legal, and ethical issues raised by the perspective of intentional modification of human germline by the potential future use of gene editing techniques in the context of human reproduction. Such a study makes it possible to formulate some critical considerations about human germline gene editing governance. The dissertation claims that the best option to regulate the use of this biotechnological innovation for reproductive purposes consists of a regulation on a state-by-state-basis, which should however be developed within an international governance framework. Several arguments are suggested to underpin this thesis, and some recent initiatives adhering to such governance pattern are examined. The research is organized in three chapters. The first chapter, which is introductive to the real research, focuses on the scientific and technical aspects of the thesis topic. More specifically, this chapter aims at laying the foundations for the subsequent discussion, by defining and explaining the notions of i) DNA, gene, chromosome; ii) genetic mutation and genetic disease; and iii) gene therapy and gene editing. Special attention is paid to this latter technology and especially to its potential use on the human germline. Such use is highly controversial, mainly – but not exclusively – since, unlike modifications made by somatic gene editing, those affecting germinal cells – namely, gametes and zygotes – are transmitted to descendants, and thus to next generations. The second chapter is divided into two sections. The first section reconstructs and analyses the existing regulations in the field of human germline gene editing at international, supranational and national level, stressing their vagueness, fragmentation and lack of specificity. Given the impossibility of extensively examining all relevant domestic laws, guidelines and policies, those of four countries only – the USA, the UK, China and Italy – have been considered in detail. This choice is motivated by the geographical and cultural representativeness of their respective regulations, as well as by the fact that, except for Italy, those countries conducted nearly all the experiments carried out so far in the field of human germline gene editing. The second section of the chapter precisely focuses on these experiments – both for research and reproductive purposes. Jiankui He’s experiment – which resulted in the birth of the world’s first gene-edited babies in 2018 – and Denis Rebrikov’s germline gene editing clinical trial project are thoroughly described and analyzed. The third and last chapter deals with the ethical issues raised by the perspective of the potential future implementation of germline gene editing interventions in the context of human reproduction. This chapter too is articulated into two sections. The first section provides the theoretical bases for the subsequent ethical analysis, by dividing the possible future uses of germline gene editing techniques into three categories: i) therapeutic interventions; ii) medical enhancement interventions; and iii) non-medical enhancement interventions. Such categorization is paramount, since the various ethical issues related to human germline gene editing do not always involve all three of these categories, and, even when they do, they tend to carry different connotations according to each category. This becomes clear in the second section of the chapter, which critically explores six main ethically problematic areas related to this biotechnological innovation and their numerous articulations. Finally, the dissertation argues that the scientific, legal and ethical issues identified and examined throughout the research must be taken into account by proper germline gene editing governance mechanisms, which should be the result of parallel and complementary regulatory initiatives promoted both at national and international level.
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Books on the topic "Human embryo research"

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Espejo, Roman. Human embryo experimentation. Edited by Espejo Roman 1977-. San Diego, CA: Greenhaven Press, 2002.

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Canada, Library of Parliament Science and Technology Division. Human embryo stem cell research. Ottawa: Library of Parliament, 2000.

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1969-, Haugen David M., and Musser Susan, eds. Human embryo experimentation. Detroit: Greenhaven Press, 2007.

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Human embryo experimentation. Detroit: Greenhaven Press, 2011.

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Gregory, Bock, O'Connor Maeve, and Ciba Foundation, eds. Human embryo research--yes or no? London: Tavistock Publications, 1986.

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Szumski, Bonnie. Is human embryo experimentation ethical? San Diego, CA: ReferencePoint Press, 2013.

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Paul, Lauritzen, ed. Cloning and the future of human embryo research. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001.

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1985, Australia Parliament Senate Select Committee on the Human Embryo Experimentation Bill. Human embryo experimentation in Australia. Canberra: Australian Government Publishing Service, 1986.

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George, Robert P. Embryo: A defense of human life. Princeton, New Jersey: Witherspoon Institute, 2011.

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Ouellet, Jean-Guy. The human embryo and therapeutic cloning. [S.l: s.n., 1990.

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Book chapters on the topic "Human embryo research"

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Robertson, John A. "Two Problems in Embryo Research." In The Beginning of Human Life, 207–23. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8257-5_15.

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Schroten, Egbert. "Human Embryo Research: The European Perspective." In Stem Cells, Human Embryos and Ethics, 111–20. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6989-5_8.

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Solter, Davor, D. Beyleveld, M. B. Friele, J. Hołówka, H. Lilie, R. Lovell-Badge, C. Mandla, U. Martin, and R. Pardo Avellaneda. "Theoretical and Practical Possibilities in Human Embryo Experimentation." In Embryo Research in Pluralistic Europe, 37–76. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-05117-7_4.

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Saniei, Mansooreh. "Human Embryo Research and Islamic Bioethics: A View from Iran." In Human Medical Research, 29–41. Basel: Springer Basel, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-0390-8_4.

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Heyner, Susan. "Applications of Animal Embryo Culture Research to Human IVF and Embryo Transfer Programs." In The Mammalian Preimplantation Embryo, 333–40. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5332-4_15.

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Kulawik, Teresa. "The Politics of Human Embryo Research in Poland." In The International Library of Ethics, Law and Technology, 55–78. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9784-2_4.

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Sharma, Akriti, Mette H. Stensen, Erwan Delbarre, Momin Siddiqui, Trine B. Haugen, Michael A. Riegler, and Hugo L. Hammer. "Detecting Human Embryo Cleavage Stages Using YOLO V5 Object Detection Algorithm." In Communications in Computer and Information Science, 81–93. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-17030-0_7.

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AbstractAssisted reproductive technology (ART) refers to treatments of infertility which include the handling of eggs, sperm and embryos. The success of ART procedures depends on several factors, including the quality of the embryo transferred to the woman. The assessment of embryos is mostly based on the morphokinetic parameters of their development, which include the number of cells at a given time point indicating the cell stage and the duration of each cell stage. In many clinics, time-lapse imaging systems are used for continuous visual inspection of the embryo development. However, the analysis of time-lapse data still requires the evaluation, by embryologists, of the morphokinetic parameters and cleavage patterns, making the assessment subjective. Recently the application of object detection in the field of medical imaging enabled the accurate detection of lesion or object of interest. Motivated by this research direction, we proposed a methodology to detect and track cells present inside embryos in time-lapse image series. The methodology employed an object detection technique called YOLO v5 and annotated the start of observed cell stages based on the cell count. Our approach could identify cell division to detect cell cleavage or start of next cell stage accurately up to the 5-cell stage. The methodology also highlighted instances of embryos development with abnormal cell cleavage patterns. On an average the methodology used 8 s to annotate a video frame (20 frames per second), which will not pose any delay for the embryologists while assessing embryo quality. The results were validated by embryologists, and they considered the methodology as a useful tool for their clinical practice.
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Rendtorff, Jacob Dahl. "The Status of the Human Embryo: A Case Study of Embryo Experiments and Embryo Research in Denmark." In Religion and Biopolitics, 191–212. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-14580-4_9.

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Revel, Michel. "Ethical Issues of Human Embryo Cloning Technologies for Stem Cell Research." In The Embryo: Scientific Discovery and Medical Ethics, 107–19. Basel: KARGER, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000082222.

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Fletcher, John C. "Restriction and Suppression of Fetal and Pre-Embryo Research, 1974–1990." In The Beginning of Human Life, 189–206. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8257-5_14.

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Conference papers on the topic "Human embryo research"

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Ciniciato, Diego de Souza, Maria Beatriz Takahashi, Marcelo Fábio Gouveia Nogueira, and José Celso Rocha. "Potential Use of Smartphone as a Tool to Capture Embryo Digital Images from Stereomicroscope and to Evaluate Them by an Artificial Neural Network." In International Conference on Computer-Human Interaction Research and Applications. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0006518501850189.

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Wei, Xia, and Zhang Yali. "Research on the function of human embryo chorion promoting proliferation of cord blood CD34+ cells." In 2011 International Conference on Human Health and Biomedical Engineering (HHBE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/hhbe.2011.6027901.

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Zamani, Farhad, and Retno Wulansari. "Emotion Classification using 1D-CNN and RNN based On DEAP Dataset." In 10th International Conference on Natural Language Processing (NLP 2021). Academy and Industry Research Collaboration Center (AIRCC), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/csit.2021.112328.

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Recently, emotion recognition began to be implemented in the industry and human resource field. In the time we can perceive the emotional state of the employee, the employer could gain benefits from it as they could improve the quality of decision makings regarding their employee. Hence, this subject would become an embryo for emotion recognition tasks in the human resource field. In a fact, emotion recognition has become an important topic of research, especially one based on physiological signals, such as EEG. One of the reasons is due to the availability of EEG datasets that can be widely used by researchers. Moreover, the development of many machine learning methods has been significantly contributed to this research topic over time. Here, we investigated the classification method for emotion and propose two models to address this task, which are a hybrid of two deep learning architectures: One-Dimensional Convolutional Neural Network (CNN-1D) and Recurrent Neural Network (RNN). We implement Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) in the RNN architecture, that specifically designed to address the vanishing gradient problem which usually becomes an issue in the time-series dataset. We use this model to classify four emotional regions from the valence-arousal plane: High Valence High Arousal (HVHA), High Valence Low Arousal (HVLA), Low Valence High Arousal (LVHA), and Low Valence Low Arousal (LVLA). This experiment was implemented on the well-known DEAP dataset. Experimental results show that proposed methods achieve a training accuracy of 96.3% and 97.8% in the 1DCNN-GRU model and 1DCNN-LSTM model, respectively. Therefore, both models are quite robust to perform this emotion classification task.
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Dakić, Dragan. "MEĐUNARODNOPRAVNI MATERIJALNI ELEMENTI VLADAVINE PRAVA I OBIM REPRODUKTIVNIH USLUGA." In XVII majsko savetovanje. Pravni fakultet Univerziteta u Kragujevcu, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/uvp21.629d.

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Starting from the position that the basic purpose of the concept of rule of law is the protection of the individuals from the power of the State, the aim of this research is to examine if the principle of rule of law contains an element that could legitimize the restrictions of the scope of services in the field of reproductive medicine by the State. In particular, the object of this research is the question whether the right to life, as a substantive element of the rule of law encompassing negative as well as positive guarantees, can be used as an excuse for restrictive regulation of medical service of artificial gestation (ectogenesis). In a broader sense, it was examined if there was introduced any binding regional standards in Europe that would require from the Member State of Council of Europe to regulate service of artificial gestation as if it was an irrevocable process. If so, it would imply inability of progenitors – consumers, to withdraw from the process and suspend consumption of the service. Necessarily, the analysis also referred to the guarantees from the ambit of Article 8 of the European Convention as another substantive international legal element of the rule of law. The research was conducted using a descriptive method that describes the content of the right to life. Further, relevant guarantees and practices of the right to life protection were synthesized into possible claims - premises, which could amount potential basis for building a restrictive syllogism as a legal framework for the State intrusion in this area. These claims are the claim of the intentionality, the claim for equality, the claim of the conflict exclusion, the claim for viability. The conclusions of this research are that presumptive claims cannot provide excuses for the extension of the right to life to an ectoagent (an embryo that develops through ectogenesis) for the reasons explained below. With regard to the guarantees contained in Article 8 of the European Convention, above all autonomy, it has double effect. First, it disconnects ultimate demands of the progenitors from the Convention; second, it confers conditional right to life eligibility to ecto-agent. This research considered second stage of ectogenesis which commence with implantation. The intended originality of the analysis is to examine if the substantive elements of the rule of law from the scope of international human rights law, can be obstacles to the development of reproductive services.
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Al-Ansari, Dana E., Nura A. Mohamed, Isra Marei, Huseyin Yalcin, and Haissam Abou-Saleh. "Assessment of Metal Organic Framework as Potential Drug Carriers in Cardiovascular Diseases." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2020.0127.

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Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are considered the major cause of death worldwide. Therapeutic delivery to the cardiovascular system may play an important role in the successful treatment of a variety of CVDs, including atherosclerosis, ischemic-reperfusion injury, and microvascular diseases. Despite their clinical benefits, current therapeutic drugs are hindered by their short half-life and systemic side effects. This limitation could be overcome using controlled drug release with the potential for targeted drug delivery using a nanomedicine approach. In the current study, we have assessed the use of a highly porous nano-sized preparation of iron-based Metal-organic Framework (MOF) commonly referred to as MIL-89 as potential drug carriers in the cardiovascular system. Aims: To assess the effect of MOFs on the viability and cytotoxicity of human vascular cells and the cellular uptake in vitro, and the organ-system toxicity of MOF in vivo using the Zebrafish model. Methods: Human pulmonary endothelial cells (HPAECs) and pulmonary smooth muscle cells (HPASMCs) were treated with variable concentrations of MOFs. The viability, cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory effects were measured using AlamarBlue, LDH assay and ELISA. The cellular uptake of MOFs were assessed using light, confocal, and transmission electron microscopes and EDS analysis. Moreover, Zebrafish embryos were cultured and treated with MOFs-nanoparticles at 0 hours post fertilization (hpf) followed by different organ-specific assays at 24, 48, and 72 hpf. Results: Although MOFs affect the viability at high concentrations, it does not cause any significant cytotoxicity on HPAECs and HPASMCs. Interestingly, MOFs were shown to have an anti-inflammatory effect. Microscopic images showed an increased (concentration-dependent) cellular uptake of MOFs and transfer to daughter cells in both cell types. Moreover, the in vivo study showed that high concentrations of MOFs delay zebrafish embryos hatching and cause heart deformation, which is currently investigated using cardiotoxicity markers. Conclusion: MOFs is a promising nanoparticle prototypes for drug delivery in the cardiovascular system with high cellular uptake and anti-inflammatory effects. Further investigations of MOFs, including diseased models and drug- loaded formulation is required.
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6

Mohamed, Islam, Ahmed Moahmed, Mennatallah Abdelkader, Alaaeldin Saleh, and Ala-Eddin Al-Moustafa. "Elaeagnus Angustifolia: a Promising Medicinal Plant for Cancer Theraby." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2020.0124.

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Introduction: Elaeagnus angustifolia (EA) is a medicinal plant that has been used for centuries in treating many human diseases, in the Middle East, including fever, amoebic dysentery, gastrointestinal problems. However, the effect of EA plant extract on human cancer progression especially oral malignancy has not been investigated yet. Thus, first we examined the effect of EA flower extract on angiogenesis in ovo, and on selected parameters in human oral cancer cells. Materials and methods: Chorioallantoic membranes (CAMs) of chicken embryos at 3-7 days of incubation were used to assess the effect EAflower plant extract on angiogenesis. Meanwhile, cell proliferation, soft agar, cell cycle, cell invasion and cell wounding assays were performed to explore the outcome of EA plant extract on FaDu and SCC25 oral cancer cell lines. On the other hand, western blot analysis was carried out to evaluate E-cadherin and Erk1/Erk2 expression and activation, respectively, in FaDu and SCC25 under the effect of EA extract. Results: Our data show that EA extract inhibits cell proliferation and colony formation, in addition to the initiation of Scell cycle arrest and reductionof G1/G2 phases. In parallel, EA extract provokes differentiation to an epithelial phenotype “mesenchymal-epithelial transition: MET” which is the opposite of “epithelial-mesenchymal transition, EMT”: an important event in cell invasion and metastasis. Thus, EA extract causes a dramatic decrease in cell motility and invasion abilities of FaDu and SCC25 cancer cells in comparison with their controls. These changes are accompanied by an up-regulation of E-cadherin expression. The molecular pathway analysis of the EA flower extract reveals that it can inhibit the phosphorylation of Erk1/Erk2, which could be behind the inhibition of angiogenesis, the initiation of MET event and the overexpression of E-cadherin. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that EA plant extract can downgrade human oral cancer progression by the inhibition of angiogenesis and cell invasion via Erk1/Erk2 signaling pathways.
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Sabatini, Vincent J., Ryle Maxson, William Haupfear, Sean Carter, Darris White, and J. E. McKisson. "Design and Assembly of an Extended Range Electric Vehicle as a University Capstone Project." In ASME 2010 4th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2010-90411.

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The Embry-Riddle HyREV system is an innovative combination of power-split Hybrid and Extended-Range Electric Vehicle technologies, designed to reduce petroleum energy consumption and improve vehicle efficiency across a range of operating conditions on a captured GM fleet vehicle. The HyREV system was developed for the EcoCAR Challenge, and features a high degree of vehicle electrification including all electric accessories, plug-in charging and electric all-wheel-drive through the integration of three electric motors. The proper packaging and integration of components used in the EcoCAR vehicle development process required a comprehensive understanding of element interaction from both a static (space claim) and dynamic (feasibility) standpoint. The research conducted in this competition is used as a capstone project for a wide array of majors, as well as being integrated extensively in several courses in the form of projects and lectures. The overall vehicle design requires expertise in mechanical, electrical, aerospace, computer, software, and controls engineering, as well as incorporating human factors students into the failure modes and effects analysis. The team is split into the different majors for organizational hierarchy; however, there are many tasks that require multidisciplinary ideas and experiences to properly design. The first year of EcoCAR incorporated an entirely virtual design, with the teams receiving hardware in year two. The team is currently in year two, and is assembling the physical components of the vehicle, along with the controls architecture that will drive the vehicle’s power systems. This 65% “mule” vehicle will be tested May 2010 at GM’s Desert Proving Grounds, located in Yuma, Arizona.
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Carvajal Suárez, Andrea Tatiana. "Programa de adaptabilidad del espacio público para las personas con condición de talla baja en la ciudad de Pamplona, Norte de Santander, Colombia." In Seminario Internacional de Investigación en Urbanismo. Bogotá: Universidad Piloto de Colombia, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/siiu.10055.

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In the context of the recognition of diversity, access to the city is important, even more so if one considers that from the urban system the political, social, cultural and economic dynamics vital to good development as a human being are structured. The objective is to formulate a program of adaptability of the public space for the inclusion of the population with a short stature in Pamplona, Norte de Santander. A research of mixed, abductive, descriptive scope and case study modality was carried out. The collection of information was carried out through instruments of demographic, socioeconomic and physical characterization of the target population and the public space. The program design process included the phases of analytical and conceptual information, contextual analysis and formulation. The process for the creation of the program of adaptability of the public space was established, considering the determining aspects of social planning in its formulation including diagnosis, objectives, population, location, strategies, lines of action, indicators, goals and resources. The articulation or application of the national and local urban planning regulations for the provision of public spaces adapted to the condition of short stature was not evident, however, theoretical, conceptual and normative aspects were determined for their orientation, as well as characteristics of people with short stature and public space factors, which allowed establishing the physical determinants of the condition and the importance of their inclusion in the city's social planning. Keywords: adaptability, public space, short height, accessibility. Topic: The research is located in the thematic focus Territorial analysis and project; since the formulation of the program generates a critical study of the problem of the adaptability of public space for people with disabilities, explicitly the condition of short height in the city of Pamplona, ​​Norte de Santander, Colombia, and from the study, strategies, lines of action, indicators and sectoral goals are created, with an operational orientation that deals with the identified challenges. En el contexto del reconocimiento de la diversidad, el acceso a la ciudad es importante, más aún, si se considera que a partir del sistema urbano se estructuran las dinámicas políticas, sociales, culturales y económicas vitales para el buen desarrollo como ser humano. El objetivo es formular un programa de adaptabilidad del espacio público para la inclusión de la población con condición de talla baja en Pamplona, Norte de Santander. Se realizó una investigación de enfoque mixto, abductivo, de alcance descriptivo y modalidad estudio de casos. La recolección de información se efectúo mediante instrumentos de caracterización demográfica, socioeconómica y física de la población objeto y del espacio público. El proceso de diseño del programa incluyó las fases de información analítica y conceptual, análisis contextual y de formulación. Se estableció el proceso para la creación del programa de adaptabilidad del espacio público, considerando los aspectos determinantes de planificación social en su formulación entre ellos el diagnóstico, objetivos, población, localización, estrategias, líneas de acción, indicadores, metas y recursos. No se evidenció la articulación ni aplicación de la normativa de planeación urbana nacional y local para la disposición de espacios públicos adaptados a la condición de talla baja, sin embargo, se determinaron aspectos teóricos, conceptuales y normativos para su orientación, así como características de las personas con talla baja y los factores del espacio público, las cuales permitieron establecer los determinantes físicos de la condición y la importancia de su inclusión en la planificación social de la ciudad. Palabras clave: adaptabilidad, espacio público, talla baja, accesibilidad. Bloque temático: La investigación se ubica en el bloque temático análisis y proyecto territorial; ya que la formulación del programa genera un estudio crítico de la problemática de la adaptabilidad del espacio público para las personas con discapacidad, explícitamente la condición de talla baja en la ciudad de Pamplona, Norte de Santander, Colombia, y a partir del estudio, se crean estrategias, líneas de acción, indicadores y metas sectoriales, con una orientación operativa que aborde los retos identificados.
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Reports on the topic "Human embryo research"

1

In vitro fertilisation & embryo research. Parliamentary Office of Science and Technology, November 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.58248/pn006.

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