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Swanson, Alan D. "International human rights law and development : a human rights way to development." Thesis, University of Essex, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.341236.
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Vong, Tze Ngai. "Managing human resource development." Thesis, University of Macau, 2000. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b1636787.
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Cruz, Barreiro Ivonne Cecilia. "Human development assessment through the human-scale development approach: integrating different perspectives in the contribution to a sustainable human development theory." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/5924.
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Since the first Human Development Report (HDRs) was published in 1990, the Human Development (HD) paradigm has become a relevant conceptual framework as well as an intrinsic instrument to measure human progress. Yet, critics on the Reports for oversimplifying development have been pointed out as they do not take into account the myriad complex social, cultural, political and historical aspects of a country or a particular society. The United Nations Human Development Programme (UNDP) has however tried to tackle this critique throughout the elaboration of the National Human Development Reports. These reports respond to more local approaches to analyse most pressing issues within national contexts emphasizing on subjects urging particular attention. The insights and statistical data provided within, are indeed becoming important information tools for policy-making and decision taking at a local and regional levels. They represent a sort of route-map to start- up new action plans and policies which could be useful in facing urgent problems concerning inequality, poverty, repression, injustice, among others.
Despite the effort made by the Reports to tackle development constraints in more wider terms, the whole HD problematique has not really been undertaken holistically through a multidimensional view. For this reason the Human-Scale Development approach is introduced as an evaluative tool, in order to assess the HD policies entailed within the National Human Development Reports (NHDRs). The main objective is thus, to identify deprivations and potentialities of the very specific proposals (i.e. policies) in order to re-address human development strategies towards real multidimensional political actions. Considering this framework as a most accurate one to tackle social, environmental, economic, institutional, cultural and spiritual human interactions.
Therefore, to reach this goal, this research exposes the development notion through a historical route and tracking down the origins of the human development notion. However, further revision on its philosophical and theoretical bases were needed to complete this search, and various debates emerged from these findings. The characterization of the two theories depicted in this work, namely; Human Development (HD) and the Human-Scale Development approach is necessary to identify differences and coincidences, and thereafter proceed to propose a new space of theoretical interaction to widen the HD paradigm. This, with the only aim of ameliorating its operationalization but overall, to achieve a type of development acknowledging real positive changes in people's quality of life.
In any case, the main objective is to contribute with conceptual and methodological insights and with the proposal of new ideas in order to move forward in the building of possible Sustainable Human Development strategies within the political sphere. But always understanding the "sustainable" feature as systemic, holistic, and integral principle.
Lastly, an evaluation exercise is hence conducted using the last Brazilian National Human Development Report as a case study. The policies within are scrutinized in order to explore new possibilities in the elaboration of HD policies, incorporating a more humanist perception proper from the integral sustainability attributes. The outcomes of this policy assessment intend to identify how other possible participatory schemes can take place in policy-making processes aiming for development models which respond to cultural and social values coherent with the communities and societies entailed.
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Piper, Karen. "Studies into human pancreas development." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.396790.
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Денисенко, Павло Анатолійович, Павел Анатольевич Денисенко, and Pavlo Anatoliiovych Denysenko. "Sustainable human development: intellectualization aspect." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2015. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/40693.
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Under modern conditions of “information age” and “knowledge society” it is fair to define human potential and its fulfilment as the main factors of regional socio-economic development. Both intelligence and creativity have much less material limits and is very promising in the context of sustainability. Even more interesting becomes the intellectual and innovative activities results for the regional development and environment in particular.
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Skorik, V. "Human development index of Ukraine." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2016. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/48928.
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Human Development Index (HDI) includes 3 basic aspects of human development: health, knowledge, a decent standard of living. A country scores higher HDI when the lifespan is higher, the education level and the GDP per capita is higher, the fertility and inflation rates are lower.
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Scoville, Steven. "Human Innate Lymphoid Cell Development." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1459952541.
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Debnath, Subrata. "Human development in Sikkim : an evaluation." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 1998. http://ir.nbu.ac.in/handle/123456789/181.
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Moll, Amanda L. "International Actors, Norms and Human Development." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2008. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/political_science_theses/18.
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A number of international humanitarian organizations focus on human development and aim to improve the situation of children. In many developing countries, states have not been able to fulfill the educational or basic needs of its children. To fill this void, international actors have stepped in to help with human development. This thesis focuses on answering the question: How are norms diffused to local communities? Looking at the implementation of human development norms, this paper examines the norms-based actions that NGOs take to maximize the development potential of children. Programs aimed at increasing basic education as well as fighting child labor are addressed. When exploring the norm socialization process NGOs use to promote programs in education and child labor, it is clear that a different process is present than is suggested by existing literature. This is due to the locale where norms are implemented: local communities.
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French, Declan. "Topics in health and human development." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.491941.
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The concept of poverty has evolved over time and has now become a generalized notion covering material well-being, social well-being, physical well-being, security, freedom of action and lack of political power. Each dimension is generally not captured adequately by a single indicator and hence the number of variables measuring the level of development tends to proliferate. The first part of the thesis examines whether some subset of these factors are driving all others using conventional linear data reduction techniques and also using methods borrowed from the study of ~actals which capture some of the non-Iinearities in the relationships. The focus in the rest of the thesis moves to the particular relationship between health and income. While the traditional view was that economic growth improved health, recent research argues for the reverse direction of causation. In agreement with other literature, income is found to be a unit root process using a panel dataset. However, this thesis is unique as far as the author is aware in testing for unit roots in life expectancy and finding non-stationarity. This result was found to be robust to null hypotheses of stationarity or non-stationarity. Another significant contribution to the literature is that cointegration is found between health and income using the panel test given by Kao {1999}. The long-run relationship between the variables was then estimated using panel dynamic OLS which adjusts for possible endogeneity and serial correlation. The existence of cointegration implies causation and the direction of causality was explored in the final section. Life expectancy was found to be responding endogenously to changes in income while evidence of the reverse direction of causation was more ambiguous.
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Herrera, Alfredo. "Open Source Hardware for Human Development." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/33399.
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Human Development is not a term used in casual conversation, it describes the current approach used by large aide international development organizations like the United Nations; but most people are familiar with the terms “emergency relief” and “humanitarian intervention”. Emergency relief focuses on providing assistance to save lives, alleviate suffering, or protect populations; while human development uses various societal levers to improve living conditions. The United Nation has been publishing an annual report on human development since 1990 (UNDP 1990), and it is widely recognized as a consistent measure of global living conditions. Development strategies revolve around a transfer of something valuable to an aided population: education, vaccination, fertilizers, etc. In technology-based human development projects, technology artefacts (a medical record computer system, solar electrification systems, irrigation) and related knowledge (education, operation and maintenance instruction) are those valuables being transferred. The benefits of technology are specific to each economy, and dependant on how quickly technology is adapted and integrated in the local economy (Cypher & Dietz 2008). The value of ideas increases to the degree they can be shared with and used by others (Houghton & Sheehan 2000): the more knowledge is diffused and adopted, the greater its value. The success of free and open-source software exemplifies this principle, and a growing number of scholars agree that the model also applies to hardware (Balka et al. 2009; Thompson 2008). This thesis presents research on open source hardware and its knowledge-sharing approach as a means to human development. It presents a model that leverages the collaborative design methodology of open hardware for adoption of artefacts that address pressing “humanitarian technology” needs, for example, in health or education. To achieve this, critical literature reviews on open source and on technology-based human development are first done; the findings from literature are then complemented with the findings from interviews and case studies to model a sustainable deployment strategy for open source use in human development projects. Adopting the human development paradigm defined in the first Human Development Report (“HDR1990”), which aims at three people-centered aspirations: to live a long and healthy life, to be educated and to have access to resources needed for a decent standard of living (UNDP 1990). This thesis research models its deployment strategy using the Soft Systems Methodology (SSM), showing that: (a) open source hardware, like any technology used in development, can magnify effective development programs when used appropriately; (b) Dr. E.F. Schumacher’s appropriate technology principles, and P. Polak’s reinstatement, mesh very well with the open source methodology, as long as required constituents in the aided communities are taken care of (availability of electricity, internet access, technical know-how, etc.); (c) extreme affordability is particularly important for open source hardware, because a sustainable strategy is based on the belief that aided population would want to procure these artifacts if they improve their earning potential; (d) participatory human development practices work well with the open source methodology, but “solutions” must be fully verified before deployment. This document is structured in 5 chapters: introduction, literature review, research strategies, case studies and interviews, and conclusion. The appendix include three articles published on parallel work for the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) on defining a strategy for the IEEE’s use of opens source technology in their humanitarian activities. This research provides insight into the new topic of open source hardware and its proposed use in the mission critical context of international development; because entrepreneurship is a key enabler to the strategy it describes, I hope the research can support future work on that aspect.
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Ask, Björnberg Karolin. "Mercury exposure during early human development /." Stockholm, 2005. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2005/91-7140-224-1/.
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Schotte, Remko. "Control of early human lymphoid development." [S.l. : Amsterdam : s.n.] ; Universiteit van Amsterdam [Host], 2007. http://dare.uva.nl/document/40794.
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Eddie, Sharon Lynn. "Novel regulators of human gonadal development." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/6530.
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The production of viable germ cells during human embryonic development determines adult reproductive success. This is particularly true for females, as development of germ cells (GCs) into primordial follicles before birth is imperative for future fertility. During fetal development GCs migrate to the genital ridge to form the gonad, after which several tightly regulated events, including proliferation, differentiation, and association with somatic cells, must occur to form a functional gonad. In the ovary these processes also include the initiation and subsequent arrest of meiosis. These developmental processes are orchestrated by local autocrine and paracrine factors, many of which remain to be identified in the human. In order to decipher further the pathways by which the gonad and GCs develop, potential regulators including prostaglandin (PG) E2, the interleukin (IL)6-type cytokines, and the prokinetecins (PROKs), were examined in the human fetal ovary and PROKs in the human fetal testis. Patterns of gene expression, protein localisation, function, and interaction of the potential mediators throughout human development (8-20 weeks gestation) were determined. Primary fetal tissue was investigated, in addition to immortalized GCs (T-Cam2 cells) and a murine model of fetal ovarian development. PGE2 interacts with known regulators of GC development in non-reproductive organs. It was postulated PGE2 may regulate GC progression by modulating these factors. Examination of PGE2 receptors and precursor enzymes in the fetal ovary revealed that all were present and some were developmentally regulated, with mRNA expression increasing with gestation. These developmentally regulated components were localised to the GCs. The PGE2 receptors were among those differentially expressed, with one localised solely to mature GCs. Culture of human fetal ovary confirmed that PGE2 regulates known regulators of GC development, increasing expression of survival and anti-apoptotic factors. To test the hypothesis that PGE2 is necessary for female GC development, paracetamol, an inhibitor of PGE2 precursor enzymes, was utilised in a murine model of fetal exposure. Fetal ovaries from this experiment displayed disruption of normal development. The IL6-type cytokines are also postulated to be involved in early gonad development, and are known to regulate proliferation and differentiation of mouse embryonic stem and GCs in vitro. A significant increase in transcript levels of the shared receptor components was determined in second trimester human ovaries, as well as developmental increases of several of the IL6-type ligands. Both common receptor components were located specifically in the GCs identifying them as the target of IL6 action in the human fetal ovary. The PROKs regulate cell migration, proliferation and differentiation, and modulate secretion of PGE2 and expression of some IL6-type cytokines. To-date, PROKs have not been examined in the human fetal gonad. Transcript levels were higher in the fetal testis compared to the ovary, with receptor and ligand components increasing with gestation. Most components also increased with gestation in the ovary. However, location of PROK components was strikingly different between the two tissues, with GCs being the primary target of PROK action in the fetal ovary, and Leydig and interstitial cells being the target in the testis. PROKs interaction with other regulators of gonad development was examined utilising a GC line in the case of the ovary and primary interstitial cell cultures in the case of the testis. These studies have identified new factors involved in human fetal gonad development, and how they interact with known regulatory pathways of development.
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Hirai, Tadashi. "Human development : history, concept and measurement." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609371.
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Reeve, D. E. "Global poverty, human rights and development." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2013. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1383489/.
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This thesis examines how effectively political philosophy contributes to solving the world’s biggest problems. It does this by considering one such problem – global poverty – and exploring the two major initiatives of the last seventy years - the Human Rights Approach and the Human Development Approach. It finds that both approaches have merit thanks in part to important philosophical input. However, it also concludes that progress has been disappointing and considers apparent gaps in both disciplines and possibilities for closure. It concludes that philosophers may have missed an important factor in overlooking the work of social scientists on cultural values. These values might explain why many developed countries fail to meet their transnational duties to developing countries. Put simply, we might make more progress on global poverty by focussing on the values of rich countries. The thesis concludes with proposals to reclaim and extend the scope of political philosophy to better equip it for the challenge of addressing society’s biggest issues.
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Filipe, Carina da Conceição. "A happiness index of human development." Master's thesis, NSBE - UNL, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/10303.
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A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Economics from the NOVA – School of Business and EconomicsNowadays many social scientists defend the advantages to define a measure of well being able to complement the GDP per capita. This work project proposes a new index of human development: the happiness index. Many studies have been undertaken in order to determine the best measurement of happiness. Happiness is much more than just feeling good, it is also living and doing well. Thus, in order to create a measure of happiness, it is required to evaluate all factors that intervene and, on the other hand, to consider the best practices, combining growth, environmental sustainability and efficiency. The estimation was made based on data for 83 countries, and then applied to 130 countries in the period 1997-2005. Countries with the highest GDP per capita or Human Development Index are not the ones with the higher happiness index.
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Varsani, Arvind. "Development of candidate Human papillomavirus vaccines." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/5970.
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Bibliography: leaves 180-218.The objective of this thesis was to investigate novel and plant-based vaccines against the Human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16), which is primarily responsible for cervical cancer. As a first study, the L1 gene of a South Africna variant of HPV-16 (L1 504) and a mutant (504[ΔA266T]), where the alanine at 266 was mutated to a threonine, were expressed in insect cells by recombinant baculovirus, and the resulting virus-like particles (VLPs) were tested with a panel of well-characterised monoclonal antibodies (Mabs).
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Yonehara, Aki Murakami. "Human development policy : theorizing and modeling /." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2006. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3215206.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Educational Policy Studies, 2006.Title from PDF t.p. (viewed Dec. 5, 2008). Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 67-04, Section: A, page: 1183. Advisers: Margaret Sutton; Barry Bull.
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Rodrigues, Bruno Gorgulho. "Income inequality and human capital development." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/11494.
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Human Capital investments are essential for the economic development of a country. In Brazil, several sources point to the lack of qualified workforce as a cause of slower economic growth. This dissertation explores the theoretical linkages made from income inequality to economic performance. The empirical section focuses on one of the theories presented, the one on creditmarket imperfections. According to this theory, imperfect credit markets are poor resource allocators and do not allow for low income individuals to invest in their own human capital. In Brazil, there is a lack of empirical studies aimed at testing the channels through which inequality affects growth, therefore this research gains significance. The results presented here were drawn from family household survey – POF – undertaken by the IBGE. Data has evidenced that education investments grow as a percentage of the total budget with raises of income. Raises in income for very high income classes do not increase education spending. The data suggests the existence of a budget constraint for low and middle class Brazilians from all regions. It has been found strong evidence that low and middle income classes in Brazil have limited access to credit-markets. Therefore, there is evidence that redistribution would increase aggregate spending on education.
Investimentos em capital humano são essenciais para o desenvolvimento econômico de um pais. No Brasil, diversas fontes apontam para a falta de mão de obra qualificada como sendo uma das causas de um fraco crescimento econômico. Esta dissertação explora as teorias que ligam desigualdade de renda com performance econômica. A parte empírica se foca em uma das teorias apresentadas, a de imperfeições no mercado de credito. De acordo com esta teoria, mercados de credito imperfeitos são fracos alocadores de recursos e não possibilitam que indivíduos de baixa renda invistam no próprio capital humano. No Brasil, há uma escassez de estudos empíricos focados em testar os canais através dos quais a desigualdade de renda afeta o crescimento, trazendo significância para esta dissertação. Os resultados apresentados aqui foram obtidos através da pesquisa familiar – POF – realizada pelo IBGE. Os dados mostram que investimentos em educação crescem como percentual do orçamento com o aumento da renda familiar. Aumentos de renda para classes de renda já elevadas não provocam igual aumento nas despesas educacionais. Os dados sugerem a existência de uma restrição orçamentária para Brasileiros de baixa e média renda independente da região. Foram encontradas fortes evidencias de que classes de baixa e média renda no Brasil tem acesso limitado ao mercado de credito. Portanto, existe evidencia de que redistribuição aumentaria o gasto agregado em educação.
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Grugulis, C. Irena. "Skill, training and human resource development." Palgrave Macmillan, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/3736.
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NoTaking a critical perspective, Skill, Training and Human Resource Development focuses on the way people are developed at work; the skills that are encouraged, the way they are controlled and the implications they have for people. It draws on a wide range of research and covers an array of organizational practices. Preface Acknowledgements Human Resource Development Skills at Work International Comparisons: Skills and Employment Systems Vocational Education and Training in Britain New Skills for Old? The Changing Nature of Skill Emotions and Aesthetics for Work and Labour: The Pleasures and Pains of the Changing Nature of Work Managing Culture Management and Leadership Development Knowledge Work and Knowledgeable Workers Developments and Developing in the New Economy References Index
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Gao, Weichen. "Development of human lung query atlas." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2010. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/806.
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This thesis reports on our initial work constructing a human lung query atlas which provides clinically relevant population statistics for normal and abnormal individuals. The atlas incorporates front-end interfaces with back-end database. The interfaces were developed using Microsoft Access 2007 and the database was implemented using MySQL. ODBC was used to import database into Access and provide connection for database and interfaces. VBA is used to write SQL queries and realized the interaction with interfaces. SQL queries is written to extract the data which researchers may interest in. The atlas provides measurements of the human airway tree and lung volumes from a population of individuals and also provides a population statistics based on age, race, ethnicity, gender and other information. It also provides functionality for comparing airway measurements between populations, individuals to a population, and individuals to individuals. Statistical significance, such as p-value, is provided to analyze two individuals or populations.
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Gavalyugova, Dimitria. "Essays on gender, development and human capital investment." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/672874.
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This dissertation comprises three chapters on the intersection between gender, development
and human capital investments. The first chapter explores the impact
of the rapid expansion of the Cambodian garment industry on women’s and children’s
well being. It documents a sizeable increase in schooling at early ages, but
also increased secondary dropouts. It also demonstrates that the growth of garment
manufacturing is associated with delays in marriage and childbearing, and
potentially long-lasting improvements in girls’ height. The second chapter uses
a natural experiment from an Australian state and shows that relaxing compulsory
mathematics and science requirements widens the gender gap in high-school
STEM subject uptake. It also documents a positive externality from compulsory
mathematics requirements on the uptake of science subjects, which is consistent
with a setting in which it is costly to study science without any mathematics. The
third chapter presents evidence that the growth of private primary schooling may
have negative implications for equality in educational opportunities and learning
outcomes in rural India.Esta disertación comprende tres capítulos sobre la intersección entre género, desarrollo e inversiones en capital humano. El primer capítulo explora el impacto de la rápida expansión de la industria de la confección de Camboya en el bienestar de las mujeres y los niños. Documenta un aumento considerable de la escolarización a edades tempranas, pero también un aumento de la deserción en la secundaria. También demuestra que el crecimiento de la fabricación de prendas de vestir está asociado con retrasos en el matrimonio y la maternidad y mejoras potencialmen- te duraderas en la altura de las niñas. El segundo capítulo utiliza un experimento natural de un estado australiano y muestra que la relajación de los requisitos obligatorios de matemáticas y ciencias ampíıa la brecha de género en la captacióin de materias STEM en la escuela secundaria. También documenta una externalidad positiva de los requisitos matemáticos obligatorios en la adopción de asignaturas de ciencias, lo cual es consistente con un entorno en el que es costoso estudiar ciencias sin matemáticas. El tercer capítulo presenta evidencia del crecimiento de la educación primaria privada que puede tener implicaciones negativas para la igualdad en las oportunidades educativas y los resultados del aprendizaje en la India rural.
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Sommai, Prijasilpa Baker Paul J. "Perceptions of human resources development by accelerated rural development administrators." Normal, Ill. Illinois State University, 1994. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ilstu/fullcit?p9510430.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Illinois State University, 1994.Title from title page screen, viewed March 30, 2006. Dissertation Committee: Paul J. Baker (chair), John R. McCarthy, Larry D. Kennedy, Kenneth H. Strand. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 127-131) and abstract. Also available in print.
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Gertow, Karin. "Human embryonic stem cells : a novel model system for early human development /." Stockholm, 2006. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2006/91-7140-749-9/.
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Prado, Peralta Patricia Katherine 1992. "Developing new strategies to understand human kidney development and target human disease." Doctoral thesis, TDX (Tesis Doctorals en Xarxa), 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/671534.
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In recent years considerable progress has been made in the development of approaches for human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) differentiation. An important step in this direction has been the derivation of hPSCs derived organoids to understand early steps of human organ development and disease. Here, we have developed new techniques and fundamental knowledge to generate hPSCs-kidney organoids. Towards this aim we have explored on the possibility to emulate early steps of kidney embryogenesis forcing cell to cell and cell to extracellular matrix contact as a new approach to generate hPSCs-kidney organoids with superior treats of differentiation and function. To further assess on the impact of environmental stimuli during kidney organoid differentiation we have interrogated on the interaction of metabolic cues in this process identifying metabolic regulators, namely Esrrα, which are responsible of kidney differentiation and human chronic kidney disease. Into the light of the current COVID19 crisis we have further exploited hPSCs-kidney organoids to understand first steps of SARS-CoV-2 infection also identifying a therapeutic compound which nowadays is in a phase II b clinical trial for COVID19 patients in more than 6 countries in the world. Based on the current developments, in the present thesis we emphasize the major achievements in the field of kidney morphogenesis, including technological advances for kidney embryonic cell culture and the use of animal models to understand kidney development. We further discuss on ongoing challenges of bringing together all this knowledge to establish hPSCs-kidney organoids to study human kidney differentiation and disease.En los últimos años se han conseguido grandes avances en el desarrollo de estrategias para la diferenciación de células madre pluripotentes humanas (hPSCs). Un paso importante ha sido la derivación de organoides a partir de hPSCs enfocado a entender los eventos iniciales implicados en el desarrollo y enfermedad de los órganos humanos. En este trabajo, aportamos conocimiento fundamental y nuevas técnicas para la derivación de organoides de riñón. Con esta finalidad, hemos explorado la posibilidad de emular los eventos iniciales de la embriogénesis del riñón forzando el contacto entre célula y célula y entre célula y matriz extracelular con el fin de establecer una nueva estrategia para generar organoides de riñón con características superiores de diferenciación y función a las descritas anteriormente. Con el objetivo de profundizar en el impacto de los estímulos del entorno durante la diferenciación renal, hemos analizado el papel de las señales metabólicas en este proceso y hemos identificado el papel de reguladores metabólicos, tales como Esrrα, en la diferenciación renal así como en la enfermedad renal crónica en humanos. En el contexto de la actual crisis de la COVID19, hemos utilizado, por primera vez, los organoides de riñón para investigar los eventos iniciales implicados en la infección por SARS-CoV-2. Estos hallazgos nos han permitido identificar un compuesto terapéutico para tratar la COVID19 que actualmente está en un ensayo clínico en fase 2 en más de 6 países. En base a lo expuesto, en esta tesis hemos querido destacar los grandes avances conseguidos en el campo de la morfogénesis del riñón, incluyendo los avances técnicos en el cultivo de células embrionarias de riñón y en el uso de modelos animales para el estudio del desarrollo renal. Así mismo, exponemos los desafíos actuales para combinar todos estos avances y aplicarlos en la derivación de organoides de riñón para estudiar la diferenciación y la enfermedad renal en humanos.
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Harrison, Makiko Ito. "The human development index : a search for a measure of human values." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2001. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/2499/.
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The thesis investigates methods of evaluating indexes that measure concepts of human values. My understanding of indexes, especially on how they relate to the real world and concepts (that are the objectives of the measurement), is influenced by my study of literature on models used in economic and in physics. We learn from this study of models the following: (1) regularities described in theories do not represent real world phenomena, which consist of many different forces acting simultaneously; (2) but such regularities are true in models, because they describe specific conditions under which regularities in nature are displayed; (3) there are more than one model that can represent the same phenomenon depending on which particular aspect of the phenomenon to focus on; and (4) the success of a model has to be evaluated partly by criteria that are independent from theoretical ones. Since the role indexes play in relation to real world and concepts are similar to the role models play in relation to theories, I have applied the above knowledge to propose the following three criteria to evaluate successful indexes: (1) Purpose-dependent criteria: criteria that are based on particular motivations of the measurement project; (2) Theory-dependent criteria: criteria that are reflected in the theories that expressly or implicitly guide the development of the project of measurement; and (3) Conditions-dependent criteria: criteria that are based on the conditions under which the index measures what it is designed to measure. I apply these three criteria of successful indexes to examine two projects of measuring human values, one called the Human Development Index developed by the United Nations Development Programme and the other called the Life Satisfaction Indicator developed by an officer at the Economic Planning Agency in Japan. Among the findings from the examination of those two indexes are that they can be the products of a mixture of concerns that include convenience, conventions, practicality, politics and consistency with relevant theories, and some of these concerns may conflict with each other. Another important finding is that because there are many assumptions made and simplifications applied in order to choose a quantitative representation of a human value, the application of the measure is limited. I conclude that both in using and in evaluating indexes of human values, it is important that we are aware of such limitations, so that we can more effectively know both how to avoid misusing the indexes and how to improve them over time.
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Nishimura, Tamiko. "Gap junctions in early human placental development." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/MQ63198.pdf.
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Freud, Aharon G. "Studies of human natural killer cell development." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1148068172.
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Koch, Wijnandus Franciscus Robertus Maria. "Early development of the human pelvic diaphragm." Enschede : University of Twente [Host], 2006. http://doc.utwente.nl/57608.
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Gamadia, Laila Elizabeth. "T cell development in human cytomegalovirus infection." [S.l. : Amsterdam : s.n.] ; Universiteit van Amsterdam [Host], 2003. http://dare.uva.nl/document/70758.
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Yuen, Ka Chun. "Epigenetics of human fetal and placental development." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/35689.
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Dysregulation of placental and fetal epigenetics can affect gene expression patterns, including the parent-of-origin dependent expression in imprinted genes. While defects of imprinted genes have been implicated in some adverse pregnancy outcomes, little is currently known about the role of epigenetics in regulating normal or pathological human pregnancy and development. The objective of this thesis is to provide fundamental DNA methylation profiles of human fetal and placental development so as to offer insights into the etiology of human disease and adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Taking advantage of the unbalanced parental genomic constitutions in triploidies, 45 novel imprinted genes were identified by comparing the genome-wide DNA methylation profiles between 10 diandries and 10 digynies. A comparison of DNA methylation profiles between placentas of different gestations and other somatic tissues showed tissue-specific and gestational age-specific DNA methylation changes in many imprinted genes. To gain insight into the genomic pattern of tissue-specific methylation, DNA methylation profile was evaluated in 5 somatic tissues (brain, kidney, lung, muscle and skin) from eight normal second-trimester fetuses. Tissue-specific differentially methylated regions (tDMRs) were identified in 195 loci, suggesting that tissue-specific methylation is established early in the second trimester. Importantly, only 17% of the identified fetal tDMRs were found to maintain this same tissue-specific methylation in adult tissues, implicating an extensive epigenetic reprogramming between fetus and adult. Besides intra-individual differences, there is also substantial DNA methylation variation between individuals. While many sites show a continuous pattern of DNA methylation variation between different placentas, WNT2, TUSC3 and EPHB4 were identified to have epipolymorphisms at their promoter region. The methylation status at the TUSC3 promoter showed an association with preeclampsia, suggesting a role of DNA methylation change in adverse pregnancy outcomes. A further investigation of DNA methylation profiles in 26 placentas from preeclampsia, IUGR and control subjects showed 34 loci were hypomethylated in the early-onset preeclamptic placentas, with TIMP3 having a potential of being a biomarker for the disorder. These results provided comprehensive DNA methylation profiles for both normal and abnormal fetal and placental tissues, which contribute to the biological and clinical aspects of the pathogenesis of fetal and placental disorders.
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Wu, Mau-Ching. "Mouse models of human lung cancer development." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.624711.
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Gillian, MacNaughton. "Equality rights, social spending and human development." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.567727.
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Equality rights have the potential to play an important role in realizing social rights, as well as in preventing and eliminating poverty. All governments have undertaken legal obligations - both international and domestic - to protect and promote the rights to equality and nondiscrimination. Yet, our societies are generally characterized by growing economic and social inequalities that adversely impact on many dimensions of people's lives, including health, life expectancy, personal security and political participation, implicating a myriad of human rights. This thesis examines the relationship between equality and social rights in the International Bill of Human Rights. It argues that minimum threshold approaches that focus on basic capabilities or core obligations are insufficient to fully realize social rights and eliminate multi-dimensional poverty. Because inequality prevents full enjoyment of social rights, as well as other human rights, invoking equality rights is a logical step toward realizing these rights. Considerable scholarship and jurisprudence addresses status-based inequalities, however, it generally fails to address economic status. Moreover, there is little discussion of the right-based equality in the context of social rights. Drawing on the drafting history and the language of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the two International Covenants, as well as the work of the United Nations human rights bodies, scholarly commentary and domestic law, the thesis proposes that the International Bill of Human Rights should be reinterpreted to encompass the right to nondiscrimination on the basis of economic status as well as the right to social equality. Examining specific examples of unequal health care and education systems, it argues that both status-based and rights- based equality are necessary complements to social rights in the holistic framework of the International Bill of Human Rights guaranteed under article 28 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
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Bartlett, Simon Robert. "Activin in early vertebrate and human development." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.244620.
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McMillan, James Robert. "Hemidesmosomes in human skin development and disease." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.265693.
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Saygin, Zeynep Mevhibe. "Structure-function relationships in human brain development." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/77843.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, 2012.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis. Page 125 blank.
Includes bibliographical references.
The integration of anatomical, functional, and developmental approaches in cognitive neuroscience is essential for generating mechanistic explanations of brain function. In this thesis, I first establish a proof-of-principle that neuroanatomical connectivity, as measured with diffusion weighted imaging (DWI), can be used to calculate connectional fingerprints that are sufficient to delineate fine anatomical distinctions in the human brain (Chapter 2). Next, I describe the maturation of structural connectivity patterns by applying these connectional fingerprints to over a hundred participants ranging from five to thirty years of age, and show that these connectional patterns have different developmental trajectories (Chapter 3). I then illustrate how anatomical connections may shape (or in turn be shaped by) function and behavior, within the framework of reading ability and describe how white matter tract integrity may predict future acquisition of reading ability in children (Chapter 4). I conclude by summarizing how these experiments offer testable hypotheses of the maturation of structure and function. Studying the complex interplay between structure, function, and development will get us closer to understanding both the constraints present at birth, and the effect of experience, on the biological mechanisms underlying brain function.
by Zeynep Mevhibe Saygin.
Ph.D.
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Iefymenko, T. "Innovative financial management of human capital development." Thesis, Київський національний університет технологій та дизайну, 2019. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/14492.
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Денисенко, Павло Анатолійович, Павел Анатольевич Денисенко, and Pavlo Anatoliiovych Denysenko. "Human capital: some modern ways of development." Thesis, Вид-во СумДУ, 2005. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/19904.
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Chen, Chiung-Tong. "Development of drugs for human prostate cancer /." The Ohio State University, 1997. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487947908404051.
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Chen, Luxi. "Human Innate Lymphoid Cell Biology and Development." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1551901769401192.
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Tieppo, Paola. "The development of human fetal γδ thymocytes." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/303402.
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γδ T cells are unconventional T cells that that can recognize infected and transformed cells via their γẟ TCR, thus promoting different immune responses. In addition, several studies showed that γδ T cells are important in the protection against different pathogens in early life, such as human cytomegalovirus (CMV). The diversity of the γδ TCR repertoire is mainly generated in the complementarity determining region 3 (CDR3) where V(D)J recombination takes place. One of the main players in the junctional diversity is the terminal-deoxynucleotidyl-transferase (TdT) enzyme responsible for the random template-independent nucleotide addition at the junction of the joining gene segments.In the mouse model it is established that during development, especially before birth, innate γδ T cell subsets are generated in waves and their generation depends on the type of hematopoietic stem and precursor cells (HSPC). These γδ T cells express a semi-invariant γδ TCR and can acquire a functional program already in the thymus. In human, in contrast, the idea of γδ T cells as innate-like lymphocytes is questioned by recent works showing that the γδ TCR repertoire of human pediatric thymuses and of term-delivery cord blood is highly diverse. Here, by analyzing in detail human fetal and post-natal thymi, we observed striking differences between fetal and post-natal γδ thymocytes at the γδ TCR repertoire and functional level. In contrast to post-natal γδ thymocytes, fetal γδ thymocytes were functionally programmed, expressed low levels of TdT and were highly enriched for invariant/public CMV-reactive CDR3 sequences (TRGV8-TRJP1-CATWDTTGWFKIF, TRDV2-TRDD3-CACDTGGY, and TRDV1-TRDD3-CALGELGD). The rearrangements of these invariant sequences were driven by short-homology repeats at the end of the involved gene segments, as it was observed in the mouse. In addition, we investigated the role of HSPC in the generation of this invariant γδ thymocytes by using an in vitro T cell development system and we showed that only fetal HSPC could generate γδ T cells enriched for the same specific features that were found in the ex-vivo fetal γδ thymocytes. Moreover, we showed that the RNA-binding protein Lin28b, highly expressed in fetal γδ T cells, reprogrammed the term delivery HSPC towards the generation of γδ T cells resembling to their fetal counterpart.In conclusion, we show that the human fetal thymus generates, in a HSPC- and Lin28b-dependent manner, innate invariant γδ T cells with programmed effector functions that might provide protection to the fetus during congenital infections, such as against CMV.Doctorat en Sciences biomédicales et pharmaceutiques (Pharmacie)
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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Leker, Laura. "Human Capital, Life Expectancy, and Economie Development." Paris, EHESS, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EHES0127.
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Dans un article de 1967, Ben-Porath a mis en évidence qu'un allongement de l'espérance de vie rendait plus rentable l'investissement en éducation. Cependant, la validité empirique de ce mécanisme au niveau macroéconomique est contestée. Le chapitre introductif de la thèse propose une revue de la littérature et discute les difficultés rencontrées pour définir une stratégie empirique pour tester l'effet Ben-Porath. La thèse apporte une contribution théorique en proposant des modélisations de l'effet Ben-Porath dont les simulations donnent une magnitude réaliste. Le chapitre 2 développe un modèle OLG dans lequel la décision d'éducation est prise selon un marchandage intergénérationnel, contrairement aux modèles existants qui supposent que la décision d'éducation revient soit entièrement au parent, soit entièrement à l'enfant. L'introduction d'un tel marchandage influe sur la dynamique de long-terme de l'économie, en particulier sur la probabilité qu'il existe une trappe à pauvreté ou une zone de croissance perpétuelle. Le chapitre 3 développe un modèle de décision d'éducation avec rendements minceriens et horizon de vie incertain. Une simulation du modèle donne une fourchette de la magnitude attendue de l'effet Ben-Porath : un gain d'une année d'espérance de vie incite à investir 0. 25 à 0. 4 années d'éducation supplémentaires. La thèse apporte également une contribution empirique en évaluant l'effet Ben-Porath sur un panel de pays de 1900 à 1980 (chapitre 3), et sur un panel de départements français sur la 2nde moitié du XIXème siècle (chapitre 4). Les résultats donnent tous un coefficient de Ben-Porath entre 0. 15 et 0. 4, ce qui correspond à l'effet théorique attendu d'après la simulation du modèle du chapitre 3.
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Ahsan, Humna. "Essays on human capital and economic development." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2015. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/essays-on-human-capital-and-economic-development(c0f0748a-0b81-4c03-8a8a-49c925126938).html.
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This thesis explores three important factors that have been central to the pursuit of economic development especially in case of developing countries. These are human capital, corruption and institutions. The first chapter presents an analysis of the role of corruption in determining the distribution of income and, with this, the degree of poverty and inequality. The analysis is based on an overlapping generations model in which individuals may seek to improve their productive efficiency (and hence earnings) by supplementing or substituting publicly provided services (such as education and health) with personal expenditures on human capital investment. Because of capital market imperfections, their ability to do this depends on their inherited wealth which serves as collateral for loans. Corruption is reflected in the pilfering of public funds and a reduction in public service provision, the effect of which is to reduce the earnings of those who rely on such services and to exacerbate the extent of credit rationing for these agents. The dynamic general equilibrium of the model is characterised by multiple steady states to which different income classes converge. Higher levels of corruption lead to higher levels of poverty and may result in complete polarisation between the rich and poor by eliminating the middle class. The second chapter presents an analysis of the threshold effects of human capital on economic growth. Using a sample of 126 countries (1970-2012), we estimate a dynamic threshold panel model following Hansen (1999) and Caner & Hansen (2004). Our results are twofold: first, there exists a significant threshold level of development (proxied by capital stock per capita) below which the effect of human capital on economic growth is insignificant, whereas it is positive significant above it; second, while looking into the impact of institutional quality, we find significant thresholds of interaction between institutional quality and development.
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Behbehani, M. J. "Genetics, development and psychophysiology." Thesis, University of York, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.374162.
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Warrilow, Joanne Maria. "Branchiomotor neuron development in the chick embryo." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.264339.
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Sousa, Sandra Paula da Costa Pinto da Silva Rebelo e. "Role of the transcription factor DRG11 in the embryonic development of the nociceptive system." Doctoral thesis, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/62234.
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Sousa, Sandra Paula da Costa Pinto da Silva Rebelo e. "Role of the transcription factor DRG11 in the embryonic development of the nociceptive system." Tese, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/62234.
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Ching, Yung-Hao. "Molecular genetics of human atrial septal defects." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.246413.
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Roy, Sabyasachi. "Growth and human development in India: a disaggregated study." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/249.
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