Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Human cytomegalovirus'
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Sevilla-Reyes, Edgar Enrique. "Recombination in human cytomegalovirus." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.433077.
Full textRawlinson, William David. "Studies of the genomes of human cytomegalovirus and murine cytomegalovirus." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.308998.
Full textOdeberg, Jenny. "Human cytomegalovirus immune evasion strategies /." Stockholm, 2002. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2002/91-7349-126-8.
Full textTysoe, Carolyn. "Characterisation of human cytomegalovirus variants." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.361685.
Full textKaye, Jane Frances. "Studies of human cytomegalovirus glycoproteins." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.259731.
Full textGao, Yang. "Characterization of human cytomegalovirus UL84." abstract and full text PDF (UNR users only), 2009. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3355580.
Full textPocock, Joanna Mary. "Human cytomegalovirus and the neutrophil." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2018. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/275685.
Full textWalker, S. M. "Transactivation of human immunodeficiency virus by human cytomegalovirus." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.387104.
Full textWeston, K. M. "Studies on the human cytomegalovirus genome." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.384617.
Full textMcSharry, Brian. "Analysis of human cytomegalovirus gene function." Thesis, Cardiff University, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.400342.
Full textEllsmore, Victoria. "Human cytomegalovirus origin-dependent DNA synthesis." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.340332.
Full textChee, Mark. "Analysis of the human cytomegalovirus genome." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.357727.
Full textLunetta, Jennine Marie. "Molecular studies of human cytomegalovirus latency /." For electronic version search Digital dissertations database. Restricted to UC campuses. Access is free to UC campus dissertations, 2002. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.
Full textJun, Min Medical Sciences Faculty of Medicine UNSW. "Analysis of human cytomegalovirus susceptibility to novel antiviral agents." Publisher:University of New South Wales. Medical Sciences, 2008. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/41443.
Full textTaylor-Wiedeman, Jean. "Analysis of human cytomegalovirus in the healthy human carrier." Thesis, Open University, 1992. http://oro.open.ac.uk/57400/.
Full textPoland, Stephen D. "Central nervous system infection with human cytomegalovirus." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq21311.pdf.
Full textGamadia, Laila Elizabeth. "T cell development in human cytomegalovirus infection." [S.l. : Amsterdam : s.n.] ; Universiteit van Amsterdam [Host], 2003. http://dare.uva.nl/document/70758.
Full textAkter, Parvis. "Transcript mapping in human cytomegalovirus strain AD169." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.394827.
Full textCope, Alethea Gwendoline Victoria. "Investigations into the pathogenesis of human cytomegalovirus." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.299323.
Full textBlake, K. "The immediate early proteins of human cytomegalovirus." Thesis, Open University, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.379090.
Full textPatel, Mihil. "Regulation of cellular immunity by human cytomegalovirus." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2018. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/114496/.
Full textDasari, Vijayendra. "Designing a Polyepitope Prophylactic Vaccine against Human Cytomegalovirus." Thesis, Griffith University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367769.
Full textThesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Biomolecular and Physical Sciences
Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology
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Slobbe-van, Drunen Marlea Elisabeth Philippa. "The interplay between human cytomegalovirus and endothelial cells." [Maastricht : Maastricht : Universiteit Maastricht] ; University Library, Maastricht University [Host], 1998. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=8532.
Full textCochrane, Daniel. "Characterisation of the human cytomegalovirus immunomodulatory gene UL141." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2010. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/55871/.
Full textArmstrong, Melanie. "Characterisation of virulence functions encoded by human cytomegalovirus." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2007. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/55696/.
Full textBeyari, Mohammed Mustafa. "Multiple infection by human herpesvirus-8 and cytomegalovirus." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2005. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1444349/.
Full textMendelson, Gregory Marc Solomon. "Analysis of human cytomegalovirus latency in myeloid cells." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.624747.
Full textWright, Edward. "Silencing of human cytomegalovirus immediate early gene expression." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.620032.
Full textWilkinson, Gavin William Grahame. "Regulation of human cytomegalovirus strain AD169 gene expression." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1987. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/2540/.
Full textPaterson, David Archibald. "Human cytomegalovirus glycoprotein H complex and cell fusion." Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.271225.
Full textRider, Janet Rosemary. "Isolation and characterisation of human cytomegalovirus envelope glycoproteins." Thesis, University of Reading, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.328918.
Full textNichols, Hester. "An analysis of human cytomegalovirus gene family function." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2018. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/115570/.
Full textSeirafian, Sepher. "An analysis of human cytomegalovirus gene usage A." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2012. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/46644/.
Full textAshley, Caroline Louise. "Manipulation of the Immune Response by Human Cytomegalovirus." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/25702.
Full textRossini, Giada <1978>. "Characterization of the ORF TRL12 of human cytomegalovirus." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2007. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/320/1/Tesi_Dottorato_ROSSINI.pdf.
Full textRossini, Giada <1978>. "Characterization of the ORF TRL12 of human cytomegalovirus." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2007. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/320/.
Full textHardie, Diana Ruth. "Characterization of an Fc-receptor for human IgG in the tegument of human cytomegalovirus." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/26353.
Full textHuygens, Ariane. "Fetal T cell response to human congenital cytomegalovirus infection." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209450.
Full textLes lymphocytes T CD4+ Th1 et les lymphocytes T CD8+ cytotoxiques jouent un rôle crucial dans le contrôle des pathogènes intracellulaires dont le HCMV fait partie. La littérature montre une capacité limitée des enfants congénitalement infectés par le HCMV à développer des réponses T CD4+ spécifiques du HCMV. En contraste, des réponses de lymphocytes T CD8+ spécifiques du HCMV ont été rapportées chez des enfants infectés in utero, mais ces réponses n’ont pas été comparées en détails à celles de l’adulte. De plus, notre connaissance des réponses T spécifiques du HCMV durant l’infection primaire par ce virus est limitée. Des études antérieures ont rapporté un défaut de prolifération et de production d’IL-2 des lymphocytes T spécifiques du HCMV chez des adultes avec durant la phase primaire de l’infection, mais les mécanismes restent non-élucidés.
Nous avons caractérisé les réponses de lymphocytes T CD4+ et CD8+ spécifiques du HCMV provenant du sang de cordon de nouveau-nés congénitalement infectés par le HCMV, et nous avons comparé ces réponses à celles de leurs mamans diagnostiquées avec une infection primaire par le HCMV durant la grossesse. En plus, nous avons comparé les réponses T CD4+ et CD8+ de ces mamans à celles d’adultes infectés chroniquement par le virus. Chez les nouveau-nés, nous avons démontré que des lymphocytes T CD4+ de sang de cordon exprimant un phénotype de différentiation spécifique du HCMV (CD27-CD28-) ainsi qu’un phénotype Th1 similaire à celui des cellules maternelles étaient induits in utero lors de l’infection congénitale par le HCMV. De plus, la détection d’expansions oligoclonales suggérait fortement une expansion antigène-spécifique de ces cellules. Cependant, les T CD4+ de nouveau-nés présentaient une capacité fortement réduite à produire des cytokines anti-virales (IFN-γ, TNF-α et MIP-1β) en réponse à une stimulation ex vivo avec les antigènes du HCMV, par rapport aux cellules maternelles. Les lymphocytes T (CD27-CD28-) CD4+ de nouveau-nés produisaient également des niveaux plus bas de cytokines antivirales en réponse à des stimulations polyclonales avec l’anti-CD3 et la PMA/ionomycine, suggérant des altérations en amont et en aval de la voie de signalisation du TCR. Nos résultats suggèrent que ces altérations pourraient impliquer la diminution de l’expression de molécules impliquées dans cette voie de signalisation. De la même manière, nous
avons montré que chez le nouveau-né, la fonction des T CD8+ spécifiques du HCMV était altérée par rapport à celle de l’adulte. Nous avons observé des proportions similaires de T CD8+ (CD27-CD28-) chez les nouveau-nés et les adultes. De plus, l’analyse du répertoire du TCR Vβ de ces cellules par séquençage haut-débit a révélé une capacité similaire à générer un répertoire T diversifié dans les deux groupes. Comme rapporté précédemment, nous avons détecté des fréquences similaires de lymphocytes T CD8+ spécifiques pour l’antigène immunodominant pp65. Cependant, lorsque les stimulations ont été étendues à d’autres antigènes du HCMV, nous avons observé que le répertoire antigénique reconnu par ces cellules était significativement réduit chez les nouveau-nés, en association avec une diminution de la polyfonctionalité et de la production de cytokines par cellule.
Nous avons également montré que, dans une moindre mesure, la fonction des lymphocytes T spécifiques du HCMV était diminuée durant l’infection primaire chez l’adulte. Comme reporté précédemment, les T CD4+ spécifiques du HCMV proliféraient moins et produisaient moins d’IL-2 par rapport à des individus dans la phase chronique de l’infection. Ce défaut de production d’IL-2 affectait à la fois les populations de cellules CD28+ et CD28-, montrant que l’accumulation de lymphocytes T CD4+ ayant perdu l’expression de la molécule CD28 (un signal de co-stimulation important pour la production d’IL-2) est seulement un des facteurs contribuant à la diminution de la production d’IL-2 par les cellules spécifiques du HCMV. En accord avec cette observation, nous avons montré une diminution de la production par cellule d’IFN-γ et de TNF-α touchant également à la fois les populations de T CD4+ CD28+ et CD28- durant la phase primaire de l’infection, un défaut associé avec une avidité fonctionnelle diminuée de ces cellules. De la même manière, la polyfonctionalité et la production de cytokines par cellule des lymphocytes T CD8+ spécifiques du HCMV étaient également diminuées chez les adultes durant la phase d’infection primaire.
En résumé, nos résultats montrent que la fonction des lymphocytes T spécifiques du HCMV de nouveau-nés et d’adultes est altérée durant l’infection primaire par rapport à des individus infectés chroniquement par le virus. Nous montrons que cette régulation fonctionnelle ressemble à l’exhaustion fonctionnelle des lymphocytes T observée durant les infections virales chroniques associées à des charges virales élevées. L’infection primaire par le HCMV est caractérisée par une réplication virale intense qui dure pendant plusieurs mois suivant l’infection. Nous émettons l’hypothèse que les hauts taux de réplication virale observés durant l’infection congénitale et chez l’adulte durant l’infection primaire par le HCMV pourraient interférer avec certaines fonctions des lymphocytes T./Neonates and young infants have a higher susceptibility to infections compared to older infants or adults. This feature is in part attributed to the immaturity of their immune system associated with a limited capacity to mount cellular-mediated immune responses. Congenital human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection is the most common cause of congenital infection worldwide and a major cause of hearing loss and mental retardation. In Belgium, antenatal screening of pregnant women for primary HCMV infection offers an opportunity to study neonatal immune responses to the virus and to compare them to those of their mother.
T lymphocytes are major players of the immune system. In particular, Th1 CD4+ T cells and CD8+ cytotoxic T cells play a crucial role in the control of intracellular pathogens, including HCMV infection. Previous literature has reported a limited capacity of infants born with congenital HCMV infection to mount HCMV-specific CD4+ T cell responses. In contrast, fetal antigen-specific CD8+ T cell responses have been reported following in utero HCMV infection, but these responses have not been compared in detail to those of adults with primary infection. In addition, our knowledge regarding adult HCMV-specific T cell responses during primary HCMV infection is limited. Previous studies have reported defective T cell proliferation and IL-2 production in adults with primary HCMV infection, showing that some of the T cell functions are altered during primary infection.
In this study, we have characterized neonatal HCMV-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses from the cord blood of newborns with congenital HCMV infection, and we have compared these responses to that of their mothers diagnosed with primary HCMV infection during pregnancy. Also, we compared CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses of adults with primary HCMV infection to that of adults with chronic infection.
In newborns, it was not known if the defective CD4+ T cell responses could be attributed to the absence of HCMV-specific cells or to the induction of dysfunctional cells. We demonstrate that neonatal CD4+ T cells with a differentiation phenotype typical of HCMV infection (CD27-CD28-) and expressing a Th1 phenotype similar to that of maternal cells can differentiate in utero following HCMV infection. In addition, the detection of oligoclonal expansions by spectratyping and flow cytometry analyses strongly suggests antigen-specific responses. However, neonatal CD4+ T cells were markedly less able to produce antiviral cytokines (IFN-γ, TNF-α and MIP-1β) following ex vivo stimulation with HCMV antigens, compared to maternal cells. Also, neonatal CD27-CD28- CD4+ T cells produce lower levels of antiviral cytokines in response to polyclonal stimulations with anti-CD3 and PMA/ionomycin, suggesting alterations up-stream and down-stream of the TCR signaling pathway. Our results suggest that these alterations could involve the down-regulation of the expression of molecules that are part of the TCR signaling pathway. Similarly, we show that the function of
neonatal HCMV-specific CD8+ T cells is impaired compared to adults. Similar proportions of (CD27-CD28-) CD8+ T cells, typical of HCMV infection, were detected in newborns and adults. Analysis of the TCR Vβ repertoire of neonatal and maternal (CD27-CD28-) CD8+ T cells by high-throughput sequencing revealed a similar capacity to generate a diverse clonal repertoire. As previously reported, we detected similar frequencies of HCMV-specific CD8+ T cells specific for the immunodominant viral antigen pp65. However, when extending ex vivo stimulations to other HCMV antigens, we observed that the antigenic repertoire recognized by these cells was significantly reduced in newborns. In addition, neonatal CD8+ T cells had a reduced polyfunctionality and per cell cytokine production.
To a lower extent, the function of adult HCMV-specific T cells was also impaired during primary infection. As previously reported, maternal HCMV-specific CD4+ T cells were markedly less able to produce IL-2 and to proliferate compared to individuals in the chronic stage of the disease. Both CD28+ and CD28- T cell subsets produced decreased levels of IL-2. This observation shows that the accumulation of HCMV-specific CD4+ T cells having lost the expression of the CD28 molecule (an important co-stimulatory signal for IL-2 production) during primary infection is only one of the factors contributing to the decreased IL-2 production. Accordingly, both CD28+ and CD28- CD4+ T cell subsets had a decreased per cell production of IFN-γ and TNF-α during primary HCMV infection. This defect was associated with a lower functional avidity of these cells. Similarly, the polyfunctionality and per cell cytokine production of adult HCMV-specific CD8+ T cells was also impaired compared to adults with chronic infection.
Altogether, our results show that adult and neonatal HCMV-specific T cell responses are impaired during primary infection, compared to individuals with chronic infection. We show that this functional regulation resembles that of functional T cell exhaustion observed during chronic viral infections that are associated with high levels of viral replication. Primary HCMV infection is characterized by an intense viral replication lasting for several months post-infection. We hypothesize that the high levels of viral replication observed during congenital and adult primary HCMV infection could interfere with some of the T cell functions.
Doctorat en Sciences biomédicales et pharmaceutiques
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Borysiewicz, L. K. "Cell mediated immunity to human cytomegalovirus infection (cytotoxic T cell and natural killer cell mediated lysis of human cytomegalovirus infected cells)." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/37949.
Full textKidd, Ian Michael. "Human cytomegalovirus, human herpesvirus 6 and human herpesvirus 7 infection of the immunocompromised host." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1997. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1453654/.
Full textHendrix, Matheus Gerardus Ronald. "Human cytomegalovirus in the vascular tree and other organsystems." [Maastricht : Maastricht : Universiteit Maastricht] ; University Library, Maastricht University [Host], 1998. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=8533.
Full textDugan, Gillian Elizabeth. "Functional dissection of human cytomegalovirus immune evasion protein US6." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.486325.
Full textAlp, N. J. "Analysis of T cell responses to human cytomegalovirus infection." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.387122.
Full textSugrue, Daniel Martyn. "Modulation of Natural Killer cell response by human cytomegalovirus." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2012. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/42799/.
Full textGramoustianou, Evangelia Sophia. "Viral and host gene expression during human cytomegalovirus infection." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2005. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1444419/.
Full textRaftery, Martin John. "Changes in the cardiovascular system induced by human cytomegalovirus." Thesis, University of London, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.407415.
Full textMinton, Elizabeth Jane. "Infection of the monocytic cell lineage by human cytomegalovirus." Thesis, Open University, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.315286.
Full textMorris, Rebecca Jane. "Immunomodulation of the cellular immune response by human cytomegalovirus." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2004. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/55574/.
Full textZhao, Yiqiang. "Functional Analysis of Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) US3 and pp71." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2001. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou995293805.
Full textWohlford, Mark Edward. "Regulation of human leukocyte antigens on cytomegalovirus infected cells /." The Ohio State University, 1992. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487841548268511.
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