Journal articles on the topic 'Human Cultural Capital Theory'
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1
Aziz, Abdul. "The operational value of human capital theory and cultural capital theory in social stratification." Citizenship, Social and Economics Education 14, no. 3 (December 2015): 230–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2047173416629510.
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Bartlett, Lesley. "Human Capital or Human Connections? The Cultural Meanings of Education in Brazil." Teachers College Record: The Voice of Scholarship in Education 109, no. 7 (July 2007): 1613–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016146810710900708.
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Background/Context In the field of educational research, conventional wisdom holds that primary-level schooling, specifically literacy acquisition, promotes economic mobility for individuals and economic development for the nation. This belief is rooted in human capital theory, the causal argument claiming that state investment in schooling or training increases worker productivity and therefore workers’ incomes, owners’ profits, and (ultimately) national development through economic growth. The idea that literacy instruction yields economic and other forms of development, which features widely in global educational policy documents, constitutes what anthropologist Brian Street called an “autonomous” model of literacy, one that suggests that literacy instruction results in automatic “effects” on individual and national economic development. Focus of Study Arguing against human capital theory and other autonomous models of literacy, this article reveals how the outcomes of literacy schooling are mediated by complex social interactions and by the meanings that students attach to schooling. Research Design This article draws on 24 months of ethnographic research with highly impoverished literacy students from four literacy programs in two Brazilian cities. Findings/Results This article shows three things. First, the students interviewed for the study talked about education not only as book learning and formal study but also as sociability and manners. Second, they said that sociability and manners derive, in part, from schooling. Third, the students consistently remarked, and my observations confirmed, that the economic opportunities that attendance at school opened for them were the product of their development as “educated” people, which contributed to their efforts to extend and maintain social networks. Conclusions/Recommendations The data presented in this article suggest a need to reconsider key theories and dominant discourses about literacy and economic development that, rooted in human capital theory, predict a tight, causal link between learning to read and write and improved economic opportunities. Instead, I argue that the social, political, and/or economic benefits of literacy must be examined in light of a sociocultural, interactional model of education.
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Orazaliyeva, E. "CULTURAL AND AESTHETIC KNOWLEDGE - A QUALITATIVE BASIS OF HUMAN CAPITAL." BULLETIN Series of Philological Sciences 75, no. 1 (April 12, 2021): 123–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.51889/2021-1.1728-7804.21.
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The article is aimed at defining cognitive concepts and principles in Kazakh linguistics based on research papers that measure the nature of the language and the semantics of the word in the context of their functioning. The analysis of the conceptual system and cognitive paradigm in the cognitive theory of the Kazakh language is becoming an urgent problem of modern interdisciplinary science with the national identity and world practice. The cognitive theory, which originates from the spiritual and value heritage of the Kazakh people harmoniously combined the foundations of linguistic cognition, and also substantiated a wide conceptual block of the human capital’s cognition. Its complex patterns contributed to the accumulation of social, psychological, ethnic and cultural methodological foundations of normalized general and private linguistics. The possibility of comparing linguistic universals using the relationship between language and cognition also characterized the influence of anthropological, axiological, anthropo-typological, areal, and geneological factors. Thus, in the history of cognitive linguistics, which studies the laws of the environment and its linguistic picture, Kazakh linguistics has designated its research format, taking into account a number of conceptual operations.
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Kamin, Tanja, and Thomas Anker. "Cultural capital and strategic social marketing orientations." Journal of Social Marketing 4, no. 2 (July 1, 2014): 94–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsocm-08-2013-0057.
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Purpose – The article aims to illuminate this issue by applying the cultural capital theory to the processes of health production and distribution. It questions social marketing’s role in addressing cultural resources as barriers to and/or facilitators of behavioural change. Social marketing is often criticized for its limited ability to enhance social goals and for aiding the reproduction of social inequalities. Design/methodology/approach – The theoretical framework of this conceptual paper is based on the French sociologist Pierre Bourdieu’s theory of human capital forms. It establishes an association between cultural capital and social marketing in solving social problems. Findings – All social marketing interventions affect cultural resources that people might use in the field of health. The findings endorse the utilization of cultural capital as a strategic analytical tool in social marketing. Practical implications – The article demonstrates how Bourdieu’s capital theory can be applied to help social marketers make important strategic decisions. In particular, it argues that using specific notions of embodied cultural capital and objectified cultural capital can inform decisions on adopting a downstream, midstream or upstream approach. Originality/value – A relatively neglected concept in the social marketing field is introduced: cultural capital. It aims to contribute to the theoretical debate with regard to strategic social marketing orientations.
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Tittenbrun, Dr Jacek. "CULTURAL CAPITAL: A KEYWORD OR A CATCHWORD?" JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN HUMANITIES 2, no. 1 (June 25, 2014): 51–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jah.v2i1.415.
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The concept of cultural capital is highly popular in the social sciences and humanities. Yet, its usefulness as a research tool is often taken for granted. Meanwhile, the present paper attempts to show that if anything should be evident about the cultural capital, it is its negative, harmful rather than valuable character. The concept is under-specified- it overlaps related concepts denoting other forms of capital, such as social and human capital. The capital analogy is totally misplaced, since the concept, as it is commonly defined, does not meet any conditions of real, that is, economic capital.
Cultural capital theory, as developed notably by Pierre Bourdieu, comprises also class theory, which, however, is of poor quality, mixing up some class, e.e. economic ownership, criteria with those pertinent to stratification, and adding insult to injury-not differentiating between those and social estates, i.e. units of social differentiation in the non-economic domain. As a result, the key thesis of theory regarding social reproduction is not supported by evidence. Finally, the term "cultural capital" upon scrutiny proves to be entangled in the fallacy of contradicto in terminis. Thus, though its unclear relationship to capital stricto sensu might suggest that the concept is something of a metaphor, in fact it is rather an oxymoron. Needless to say, just this feature-and there are a host of other flaws- causes that the concept should be discarded out of hand.
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Golubovic, Natasa. "Capital theory and rational choice." Sociologija 51, no. 2 (2009): 189–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/soc0902189g.
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Almost from the very beginning of economic science the notion of capital has been the subject of numerous controversies. The main reason for the concept's controversial nature is that it explains interest and profit. In Marxian theory, where 'manner of production' determines forms of activities, mutual relationships and life of individuals, capital appears as a social phenomenon i.e. social relation. Goods and money are not capital by themselves but become capital in the capitalist way of production. Economics mainstream is based on methodological individualism upon which explanation of social phenomena and processes must be derived from individual behavior and motivation. Capital, therefore, is not a product of capitalism as a socially and historically specific form of economic organization, but is rather perceived as connected to the individual and his or her rational behavior. Rational choice is the basic and sometimes the only explanatory factor in the neoclassic theories of capital. Although theories of human and cultural capital point out the interdependence between individual activity and choice on the one hand, and social position on the other hand in the process of capitalization, the connection remains in the background and somehow unclear. A more explicit indication of the interdependence between social structure and choice can be found in the theory of social capital. The goal of this paper is to explore the role of rational choice theory in explaining the nature of capital.
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Christiansen, Bryan. "Cultural Indoctrination in Global Hypercompetition." International Journal of Productivity Management and Assessment Technologies 4, no. 1 (January 2016): 39–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijpmat.2016010104.
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This article examines the potential influence of cultural indoctrination (CI) on international management and corporate performance today in an era of global hypercompetition. The specific organizational function targeted in this work is international human resource management (IHRM). As organizations are confronted with the need to engage with stakeholders from a variety of different cultural backgrounds, the need to understand the ways in which cultural imperatives play into individual and collective performances becomes increasingly important. Based on an encompassing literature review, this article examines the following seven factors which should be included in CI: Child Development, Cultural Institutionalization, Cultural Intelligence, Social Learning Theory, Religion, Social Capital, and Values Orientation Theory (VOT). It is from these factors that a conceptual framework is developed for potential future application in IHRM theory and practice.
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Fényes, Hajnalka, and Márta Mohácsi. "Do students take the predictions of human capital theory into account? An analysis of motives behind further studies in higher education." Hungarian Educational Research Journal 10, no. 1 (March 2020): 74–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/063.2020.00006.
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AbstractIn this paper, we seek to answer the research question as to whether students take into account the predictions of human capital theory (namely the higher wages associated with further studies) in their decision to participate in higher education. Our alternative research question is whether students can be described by Bourdieu's theory on capital conversion, that is, whether they aim to accumulate cultural and social capital during their studies, which can also be profitable for them in the future. Our research method is quantitative: we use cluster analysis to examine the motives behind further studies and employ cross tabulation and variance analysis to reveal the relationship between clusters and social background variables. We find that the wage premium associated with further studies is not the most important motive among students; it holds only minor importance even for those from a disadvantaged social background. The results suggest that students in secondary schools, especially talented but underprivileged ones, should be motivated to enter higher education by informing them about the potential wage premium they can attain if they study further. Importantly, we also find that underprivileged students may be unaware of the fact that higher education is an efficient mechanism to accumulate social and cultural capital, which then can be converted into economic capital.
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Selviana, Maria. "Pengembangan Skala Human Capital Skills Komunitas Pemuda Gereja di Jakarta." Indonesian Journal for The Psychology of Religion 1, no. 2 (December 13, 2021): 69–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.24854/ijpr544.
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Setiap orang memiliki kemampuan tertentu untuk mencapai potensi maksimal dalam hidupnya. Kemampuan individu yang diteliti saat ini adalah human capital skills yang merupakan proses pembebasan manusia, dimana manusia memiliki kesempatan untuk mengaktualisasikan diri secara optimal yang dalam penelitian ini dibuat khusus sebagai alat ukur bagi pemuda gereja. Responden penelitian berjumlah 200 orang yang terdiri dari 46% laki-laki dan 54% perempuan. Berdasarkan hasil tes psikometri yang dilakukan melalui uji konsistensi internal dan validitas konstruk, skala human capital skills memiliki validitas dan reliabilitas yang baik. Skala ini dapat mengukur konstruk yang satu dan sama secara konsisten dan valid untuk mengukur konstruk human capital skills melalui tiga aspek, yaitu self management skills, self motivation skills, dan self technical skills. Dengan hasil tes psikometri yang cukup baik, maka skala human capital skills untuk pemuda gereja ini dapat digunakan untuk mengukur human capital skills
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KULZHANOVA, GULBARAM. "HUMAN CAPITAL: GENESIS AND EVOLUTION." Sociopolitical sciences 10, no. 2 (April 30, 2020): 174–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.33693/2223-0092-2020-10-2-174-179.
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Task. The phenomenon of human capital in line with socio-philosophical analysis requires multilateral study, where intellectual development comes to the fore. Indeed, the decisive role in the development of any country in the world belongs to man as a bearer of wealth [10: 108]. The concept of human capital is gradually acquiring the status of a general scientific concept (it is already more and more often used in pedagogy, sociology, political science, cultural studies and other social sciences with a humanitarian profile). In a post-industrial society, the sphere of culture is revealed in its new state, including family, education, science, computer science, art, acquiring a qualitatively new role, becoming an increasingly leading sector of production, its “basis” and driving force [5: 6]. It follows that philosophy plays a methodological, integrative role in the origin and development of human capital. Based on the analysis of the work of domestic and foreign researchers, as well as the ideas of classics and contemporaries of philosophical thought, the prerequisites for the formation of the concept of human capital, and their basic theoretical approaches are shown. Methodology and research methods. The study traces the idea that human capital in conditions of rapid change determines the dynamics and direction of social development. Ensuring its compliance with social values and the requirements of the time becomes an important task of the targeted socio-cultural development of the individual and society [15: 1]. To clarify the content of the concept of “human capital”, the author uses a historical analysis and a content analysis method as a scientific method of cognition. Based on these methods, text data was studied, the essence of which is to divide text data into structural elements, detect keywords in documents, and determine the frequency of their references. These methods are the main ones in the study of the essence of concepts, the content of media messages, answers to questions of sociological research [11: 29]. Conclusions. In a modern transformational society, in the subtext of human value in the role of capital and resource, positive and negative contradictory directions arise, and their solution requires socio-philosophical research. The ambiguity of the wording of the category“human capital” is based on the categorical relationship between its forms in science and the leveling in the interpretation of the concept of the fact of profitability. As a key evidence, the idea that human capital is a multifaceted socio-cultural resource of society is substantiated. It is regarded as an engine of historical progress in the social and cultural spheres. In the system of views, the role of man in society allows us to distinguish the objective basis of the modern theory of human capital, its historical roots, its scientific logic of significance as the fundamental basis of historical progress. The scope of the study / the possibility of subsequent use of the results of scientific work. The main form of the country's wealth is the leading level of intellectual and spiritual development of the citizen, taking the form of human capital, ensuring the innovation process in every area of its activity. A measure of human innovative capital, vitality and resilience of a society becomes its ability to provide a social space for creative, creative activity of people [14: 1181]. Human capital, like all internal personal wealth, cannot be imagined without the spiritual and moral component of the essence of man and his being. Spirituality is the basis of almost everything, everything that has to do with the self-realization of a person. It can be argued that certain spiritual attitudes explicitly or discreetly direct any activity of each person and all social structures. The absence of the spiritual and moral component of technogenic civilization has led mankind to a standstill. Now more than ever, a qualitative shift in the human mind is required, fundamentally changing his worldview. In the system of education and upbringing, it is necessary to return to the thoughts and ideas of great thinkers, starting from antiquity and ending with modernity in the spiritual and moral elevation of man. Practical value. Today, increased attention to the socio-philosophical aspects of human capital comes down to the practical significance of the identified problem. Therefore, the proposed topic can be applied as a theoretical instruction for social research institutes. The conceptual results of the study provide a theoretical basis for a deeper understanding of social transformationsin society, and on the other hand, it can be used as a theoretical basis for future comparative socio-philosophical studies of human capital. Research materials may be useful in the preparation of textbooks, courses in social philosophy. The author proposes the introduction of a special course for undergraduates and doctoral students“Human capital and its manifestations in the development of the Republic of Kazakhstan”. And also in universities, in the process of teaching social sciences and humanities, to practice conducting scientific discussions on the above topic. Originality / value. We believe that the topic of the article touched upon will give an impetus to reflection and encourage the writing of articles on the development of human capital from a position of socio-philosophical analysis. As for the concept of the phenomenon under study, its extrapolation opportunities will be realized on the “reciprocal flows” of the economy and other important areas of social life - science, culture, education, politics, etc. The problem under study is addressed to social scientists, employees of the management system, university professors and doctoral students, as well as all those who are interested in the problems of the formation and development of human capital in the world.
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Zakharova, Evgenia, and Elena Zemtsova. "Methodology for assessing the impact of institute on sustainable economic growth." E3S Web of Conferences 258 (2021): 06014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125806014.
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The paper presents an overview of methodological approaches to the study of the influence of institutions on macroeconomic indicators characterizing long-term economic growth, although other indicators that are influenced by institutions can be identified: economic growth rate, GDP per capita, saving rate, and total factor productivity. The article analyzes the research of leading scientists conducted within the framework of the institutional theory that explains global inequality and some of its features. In addition to the institutional theory, two more theories compete to explain the causes of global inequality: geographical theory and the theory of cultural influence. Both of these theories are unpromising from the point of view of practical applicability, since geographical, climatic factors, cultural characteristics are not subject to the influence of economic policy within reasonable time limits. Institutional theory explains the inequality of countries by differences in their formal legal and informal social norms that govern the behavior of individuals and structure social interactions. The growing volume of empirical work of this kind has shown that institutions should be considered in the context of alternative approaches (culture and social capital, human capital), alternative econometric methods and alternative strategies for identifying the influence of institutions on macroeconomic indicators (long-term economic growth).
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Xie, Hao. "Study on the Influence of Local Drama on Regional Preschool Aesthetic Education Under the Theory of Cultural Capital." International Journal of Education and Humanities 4, no. 1 (August 17, 2022): 38–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/ijeh.v4i1.1313.
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Preschool aesthetic education is an important part of the social and cultural education structure, and it is also the most basic stage for individuals to accept aesthetic education. With the gradual development of human civilization, the form of preschool aesthetic education is more diversified and the scope is more expanded. Today, with the increasing wealth of cultural capital, preschool aesthetic education still has unbalanced regional development and uneven development in a small area. Based on this, this paper aims to explain the relationship between cultural capital and the development of regional preschool aesthetic education. It also explains that the relationship between local drama and preschool aesthetic education makes local drama form a benign promotion and symbiotic relationship for the development of regional preschool aesthetic education, and makes use of regional cultural advantages to minimize the imbalance of regional development of preschool aesthetic education.
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Jankowski, Stepan. "“BRANDING” OF THE WORLD: A SOCIO-CULTURAL ANALYSIS OF HUMAN PERCEPTION OF THE WORLD." Scientific Journal of Polonia University 47, no. 4 (January 17, 2022): 34–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.23856/4705.
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A specific feature of the modern world is the capitalization of not only ideas, objects, social practices and institutions, but of the world itself. Branding is a special process, allowing the construction of an acceptable picture of reality that is independent of the practices of care and political domination. It initially focuses on a desired and expected target. The main topic of the present research is the phenomenon of the “Big Bang” in the cultural and social field. The analysis of transformation of scientific theory into a metaphor of sociocultural reality enables us to trace the mechanism of symbolic creation in modern society. Its study contributes to revealing the peculiarities in redistribution of symbolic capital as well as benefits and privileges that a «world-brand» has in comparison with “world-pictures”, “world views” and other forms of symbolic capital. The “world-brand” as a result of symbolic creation in the cultures of post-industrial civilization can be represented in the explicit parameters.
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Wijesingha, Rochelle, and Howard Ramos. "Human Capital or Cultural Taxation: What Accounts for Differences in Tenure and Promotion of Racialized and Female Faculty?" Articles 47, no. 3 (December 20, 2017): 54–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1043238ar.
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Achieving tenure and promotion are significant milestones in the career of a university faculty member. However, research often indicates that racialized and female faculty do not achieve tenure and promotion at the same rate as their non-racialized and male counterparts. Using new original survey data on faculty in eight Canadian universities, this paper examines differences in tenure and promotion among racialized and female faculty and investigates the extent to which explanations of human capital theory and cultural or identity taxation account for these disparities. Logistic regression confirms that controlling for human capital and cultural or identity taxation washes away the differences between male and female faculty for achieving both tenure and promotion. However, differences for racialized faculty remain, thereby offering evidence of discrimination in the academic system.
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Wijesingha, Rochelle, and Howard Ramos. "Human Capital or Cultural Taxation: What Accounts for Differences in Tenure and Promotion of Racialized and Female Faculty?" Canadian Journal of Higher Education 47, no. 3 (December 20, 2017): 54–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.47678/cjhe.v47i3.187902.
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Achieving tenure and promotion are significant milestones in the career of a university faculty member. However, research often indicates that racialized and female faculty do not achieve tenure and promotion at the same rate as their non-racialized and male counterparts. Using new original survey data on faculty in eight Canadian universities, this paper examines differences in tenure and promotion among racialized and female faculty and investigates the extent to which explanations of human capital theory and cultural or identity taxation account for these disparities. Logistic regression confirms that controlling for human capital and cultural or identity taxation washes away the differences between male and female faculty for achieving both tenure and promotion. However, differences for racialized faculty remain, thereby offering evidence of discrimination in the academic system.
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Senarathne, Chamil W. "The Optimal Capital Structure under the Conditions of Employment: An Application of Theory X and Theory Y." Zagreb International Review of Economics and Business 23, no. 1 (May 1, 2020): 51–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/zireb-2020-0004.
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AbstractThe traditional theories governing the capital structure decisions completely ignore the human side of the enterprise (e.g. attitude to work). The objective of this paper is to identify the optimal mix of Theory X and Theory Y type employees to be employed by an organization in order to maintain (i.e. unaffected by the type of employees at work) the optimal level of capital structure. The classification of an employee into Theory X and Theory of Y is made based on the organizational contribution conditional on motivation rather than merely considering the attitude to work. Internal motivation of an employee (i.e. inherently likes or dislikes) alone cannot be identified as the criterion of recognizing employees under Theory X and Theory of Y. Level of attainment of needs within the organization, psychological state of mind and cultural dimension (i.e. individualism-collectivism) of the individual attached to the organization are the main behavioural criteria that distinguish between Theory X-type and Theory Y-type employees. This paper shows that the optimal capital structure is unaffected by the employment mix at the optimal level of Theory X and Theory Y type employees employed by an organization. The firms’ managers must therefore consider the behavioral aspects of employees (e.g. attitude to risk) when making organizational decisions such as financial decisions. For example, mismatches in the capital structure can be explained by a careful analysis of behavioral aspects of employees. By making necessary adjustments to the current employment mix, the firm could eliminate the mismatches in the firm’s capital structure.
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Kato-Nitta, Naoko. "Studying behaviours and attitudes towards science and technology." Impact 2021, no. 4 (May 11, 2021): 27–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.21820/23987073.2021.4.27.
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What makes research important is an important philosophical question that is a consideration for many researchers. Further important considerations are the public's perception of science and how an individual's perception of science and technology is shaped. These are some of the complex ideas that social scientist Dr Naoko Kato-Nitta, Department of Statistical Data Science, Institute of Statistical Mathematics, Japan, is exploring. She is working on a series of projects related to public perceptions and attitudes towards different scientific disciplines and fields. She hopes that answering such important questions will facilitate the creation of a science communication model for the public understanding of science. Kato-Nitta's research focuses on human behaviour and psychology and how it relates to issues at the interface of technology and society. A key question that she is seeking to answer from the standpoint of cultural capital is how the extent of the general public's participation in science communication can be determined. In the first research to connect social stratification theory and science communication research, Kato-Nitta divided the concept of Bourdieu's cultural capital into two sub-concepts: scientific and technical cultural capital and literary and artistic cultural capital. She went on to consider how these two types of cultural capital affect the exhibit-viewing behaviours of the general public.
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Popova, Irina P. "CAREER CAPITAL. CONCEPTUAL APPROACHES." RSUH/RGGU Bulletin. Series Philosophy. Social Studies. Art Studies, no. 1 (2021): 78–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2073-6401-2021-1-78-88.
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This article considers approaches to studying the career capital in the interdisciplinary career studies from the point of view of the creating conditions issues for professional development of employees. The concept was formed within the framework of the interdisciplinary career research, based on the concepts of the human, social and cultural capital, as one of the tools for understanding new processes in the field of labor. The content of those processes determines, among other things, the growing variety of career models and the need to adapt them to organizational strategies. Attention is focused on studying those concepts in two principal directions: considering it as a tool for management practices in modern organizations and considering it in the perspective of the career theory development. Conclusions are drawn that approaches to considering career capital are based on interdisciplinary interaction and understanding of the multilevel context of a career in the organizations research. Groups of environmental infrastructure factors are identified for the development of professional promotion opportunities; professional training of employees; individual career success.
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Marks, Jonathan, Samuel Dawa, and Shungu Kanyemba. "Transnational Entrepreneurship in Sub-Saharan Africa: An Absorptive Capacity Theory of Knowledge Spillover Entrepreneurship Perspective." Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation in Emerging Economies 6, no. 1 (January 2020): 114–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2393957519895851.
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The study seeks to explain how migrants’ access, understand and recognise the value of new knowledge in enhancing transnational entrepreneurship. This is important as it provides insights into how knowledge is accessed and employed in different contexts to recognise entrepreneurial opportunities. Using the absorptive capacity theory of knowledge spillover entrepreneurship, this study contributes to previous research which has focussed on the scope and boundaries of this phenomenon at a firm or institutional level, but not at the level of the transnational entrepreneur (TE). Furthermore, this study contributes by examining the role of human capital and the prior knowledge and experience that migrants use and acquire in transnational entrepreneurship. A qualitative approach based on phenomenology was adopted in this research. A purposive sample of four TEs living in South Africa and running businesses in Zimbabwe were investigated. The results show that the possession of requisite human capital along with concern for the home country facilitates the acquisition of new knowledge. This new knowledge, when integrated with prior knowledge and cultural compatibility between home and host countries, influences the immigrant’s intention to form new ventures and return to the home country. This study explains the role of human capital and the mechanisms that are implemented in acquiring knowledge resources and their subsequent transformation into a business entity.
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Kravchenko, S. A. "New transmission mechanism for the sustainable and humanistic development of human capital: Demand for the ‘rigidity turn’." RUDN Journal of Sociology 21, no. 3 (September 17, 2021): 433–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2272-2021-21-3-433-443.
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The author considers the becoming complex reality as developing nonlinearly and demanding new transmission mechanisms for the formation of human capital and also factors that contribute to changes in these realities: self-reflection of both nature and society; social gaps and traumas as becoming a norm; backward and forward trends; the increasing number of bifurcation points; ambivalences; side effects of digital innovations; consequences of global pandemics, etc. - all of them facilitate changes in the mechanism for the development of human capital. In the 1960s, G. Becker and T. Schultz introduced the term human capital to start the studies of factors that make mechanisms of its formation more complex. Since then, many theories have been introduced to explain challenges to human capital, because various transmission mechanisms of influencing human capital have been formed as culturally and politically determined. Today, there are two challenges affecting the nature of human capital: digitalization and the global covid-19 pandemic create new requirements for human capital and change the transmission mechanism of its formation. However, the dominant pragmatic and formal-rational approaches to human capital distort its humanistic and sustainable components. The author insists on the need to create a new transmission mechanism for the sustainable and humanistic human capital development, which would include social-cultural and value elements, humanized digital technologies, bioethics and social epidemiology - in order to help social actors to function more effectively under the global complexity and nonlinear development. The author outlines the theory of the rigidity turn as a social discourse, which aims at studying long-lived phenomena of social order and developing intellectual and practical foundations of the sustainable and humanistic formation of the human capital.
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Manikovskaya, M. A. "Humanitarian foundation of human capital: theoretical insights and regional explication." POWER AND ADMINISTRATION IN THE EAST OF RUSSIA 100, no. 3 (2022): 160–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.22394/1818-4049-2022-100-3-160-170.
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Stable, growing development of the Far East is designed to ensure the national projects of the Russian Federation currently being implemented, one of which is «Culture». Its emphasis on strengthening civic identity on the basis of spiritual, moral and cultural values is fundamentally important. Since the key resource for achieving national goals and solving strategic tasks is human capital, it is no coincidence that this phenomenon is in the focus of the research attention of theorists and experts. The concept of «human capital», initiated by American scientists in the middle of the 20th century to solve the urgent economic problems, not only started a new direction in the world economic thought, but also provoked a controversy on the part of humanitarians regarding the correctness of using this phrase as a concept in an anthropological perspective. They saw in this phrase a loss of orientation towards the harmonic integrity of the universally self-fulfilling man. An analysis of the epistemological field formed by the problems of the phenomenon under study showed that the human capital theory developers did not claim to create a new anthropology based on economic knowledge and the competencies formed by it. At the same time, the critical position of the humanitarians is not groundless, as its supporters believed that the concept of «human capital» contains risks fraught with the human identity deformation due to the absolutization of economic determinism, emphasizing pragmatic prudence and not so much rationality. Humanitarians hated the assertion, driven by financial investments in the education, that the knowledge acquired in its process does not turn a person into a bearer of cultural values, but into a means of production, subject to depreciation and, therefore, replacement. We believe that it is possible to neutralize the noted risks by recognizing the humanities as the foundation of human capital. The humanitarian knowledge, philosophy, and art included in its content are aimed at the formation and strengthening of the completeness and harmonious integrity of human existence.
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Podvoisky, G. L. "Human Potential reproduction in the Context of new Challenges." World of new economy 16, no. 3 (October 13, 2022): 63–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.26794/2220-6469-2022-16-3-63-74.
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Subject. The article considers the evolution of human development theory under the auspices of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), and the factors influencing human potential reproduction.Purposes. To compare the concepts of “human potential” and “human capital”, existing tools for their assessment. Analysis of the specifc features of Russia’s human potential development and possibilities of its increase.Methodology. In the article are used methods of quantitative analysis and cross-country comparisons, a systematic approach in the study of components of human potential.Results. The author compared the content of the terms “human potential” and “human capital”, which have many common meaningful elements, therefore they can be used in practice as synonyms. The analysis of human development dynamics in Russia highlighted the weaknesses and strengths of this process using the UNDP Human Development Index, Human Capital Index from the World Bank, and Global Human Capital Index from the World Economic Forum (WEF). Russia’s lagging behind developed countries in some human development components requires an active demographic policy, modernization of health care and education, pensions and social assistance, development of cultural, formation of an effcient labor market and an innovation ecosystem.Prospects. To improve the effciency of measures aimed at the active reproduction of human potential it is necessary to continue improving the tools for estimating its components, which should be better aligned with the modern requirements of a rapidly changing technological structure of the economy.
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Fortunati, Leopoldina, and Autumn Edwards. "Framing the Psycho-Social and Cultural Aspects of Human-Machine Communication." Human-Machine Communication 4 (2022): 7–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.30658/hmc.4.1.
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In this introduction to the fourth volume of the journal Human-Machine Communication, we present and discuss the nine articles selected for inclusion. In this essay, we aim to frame some crucial psychological, sociological, and cultural aspects of this field of research. In particular, we situate the current scholarship from a historical perspective by (a) discussing humanity’s long walk with hybridity and otherness, at both the cultural and individual development levels, (b) considering how the organization of capital, labor, and gender relations serve as fundamental context for understanding HMC in the present day, and (c) contextualizing the development of the HMC field in light of seismic, contemporary shifts in society and the social sciences. We call on the community of researchers, students, and practitioners to ask the big questions, to ground research and theory in the past as well as the real and unfolding lifeworld of human-machine communication (including what HMC may become), and to claim a seat at the table during the earliest phases in design, testing, implementation, law and policy, and ethics to intervene for social good.
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Cochrane, David Troy. "Disobedient Things." Valuation Studies 7, no. 1 (March 12, 2020): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/vs.2001-5992.2020.7.1.3.
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Analysis of the Deepwater Horizon disaster and the accumulatory decline of BP demonstrates both the analytical efficacy of the capital-as-power approach to value theory, and the irreducible role of objects in the process of accumulation. Rather than productivity per se, accumulation depends on control of productivity. Capital as power focuses on capitalization as an expression of the assessment by owners of their own power. In this article, I argue that the power of owners translated into capital values is over both the human and non-human components of systems of production. Power is actualized through entities defined as cultural and political, as well as economic. Capitalization translates the irreducible social order – including objects – that bear on accumulation into commensurable units of capital. The decline of BP’s capital valuation in the wake of the disaster expressed the market’s falling confidence in the obedience of the entities that bear on its profits, including the things that comprise the company’s productive capacity.
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Galovská, Marcela. "Human Capital and Potential to Increase its Creativity." Creative and Knowledge Society 5, no. 2 (January 1, 2015): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cks-2015-0008.
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AbstractArticle highlights the contribution of human capital, which is currently important for every business entity. In order to be an effective organization, it must have a human capital with creative potential. Creativity largely influences work and personal life balance and language skills. Therefore, in the first part of this paper, I concentrate on possibilities of increasing creativity of human resources and discuss the notion of human capital and creativity. Currently, if a business entity wants to be competitive and efficient, it must posses creative human resources. What are the possibilities of increasing creativity? Due to the global economic crisis, businesses prefer to reduce the cost of education. This tendency seems to be a very week one, even a dangerous one! The paper deals with the effectiveness of creative thinking and with the use of part of existing global environmental undertaking. The paper investigates in particular the language skills of human resources. I have compared the Slovak and Chinese language, as when operating on a given language, except others, human being is familiar with cultural differences in that particular language and can think within this framework, which creates a new perspective on problem solving in general, with a particular use in the respective organization (firm).In this article, I discuss and analyze the knowledge of human resource management and human capital theory. I use mainly comparative method and relational content analysis. The contribution is processed on the basis of Human Capital report (21). The main scientific objective is to highlight the language skills of the human resource and its link to creative thinking. Important issue seems to be a balance between professional and personal life, which forms an important basis for the development of creativity and creative thinking. Within the language skills, a specific highlight is dedicated to chromatic adjectives (colors) that are currently used in these languages, but also the idioms and phrases that are not possible to translate into another language.
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Jensen, Leif. "Employment Hardship and Rural Minorities: Theory, Research, and Policy." Review of Black Political Economy 22, no. 4 (June 1994): 125–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02689983.
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Rural racial and ethnic minorities are among the poorest of all Americans. This article situates their plight both theoretically and empirically in the context of employment hardship. Defined by access to employment and job quality, employment hardship is more prevalent among nonmetropolitan African Americans, Hispanics, and Native Americans than it is among either their central city counterparts or non-Hispanic whites. The strengths and limitations of both individual-level frameworks (e.g., human capital) and macro-level theories (e.g., uneven development) in explaining the economic double jeopardy faced by rural minorities are discussed. Policy recommendations designed to ameliorate employment hardship are presented.
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CHOI, NAMKEE G., and JINSEOK KIM. "The effect of time volunteering and charitable donations in later life on psychological wellbeing." Ageing and Society 31, no. 4 (December 21, 2010): 590–610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x10001224.
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ABSTRACTAlthough accumulated research findings point to both short- and long-term salutary effects of time volunteering on older adults' physical and mental health, little research has been done on the effect of older adults' making charitable donations on their wellbeing. Guided by activity theory and the theory of volunteering and using data from the first and second waves of Midlife Development in the United States (MIDUS, 1995–1996 and MIDUS II, 2004–2006), this study examined the question of whether time volunteering and charitable donations nine years earlier had a positive direct effect on psychological wellbeing among individuals age 55 and above. Controlling for time 1 (T1) psychological wellbeing and T1 human, cultural, and social capital resources, a moderate amount (up to ten hours monthly) of T1 time volunteering and any amount of T1 charitable donations had a direct positive effect on time 2 (T2; nine years later) psychological wellbeing. The findings also show a greater effect on psychological wellbeing of any amount of charitable donations than of any amount of time volunteering, although the extent of the effect of both time volunteering and charitable donations was small. With regard to human, cultural, and social capital resources, T1 self-rated health and generative quality were significant predictors of T2 psychological wellbeing, but T1 social capital had no significant effect on T2 psychological wellbeing.
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Andreeva, Tatiana, and Tatiana Garanina. "Do all elements of intellectual capital matter for organizational performance? Evidence from Russian context." Journal of Intellectual Capital 17, no. 2 (April 11, 2016): 397–412. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jic-07-2015-0062.
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Purpose – Intellectual capital (IC) has been argued to be the key element of value creation in contemporary economies and this argument has been widely supported by empirical research, but mainly based on data from developed markets. The question of how IC and its elements work in other contexts remains under-researched and the limited empirical evidence that exists contradicts the conclusions drawn from developed countries. The purpose of this paper is to provide empirical insight into the relationship between three main elements of IC (human, relational and structural) and organizational performance in the particular context of Russian manufacturing companies. Design/methodology/approach – The sample comprises 240 Russian manufacturing companies. The data are collected by survey using the scales already validated in the international context. The authors use a two-step analysis – factor and regression analyses – to answer the research questions. Findings – The findings demonstrate that structural and human capitals positively influence organizational performance, explaining a quarter of its variation, while relational capital does not. Practical implications – The core managerial implication of this study is that developing structural capital is of particular importance for Russian manufacturing companies. Originality/value – The paper contributes to further development of IC theory by investigating its application in the new institutional and cultural context of Russia.
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Vlasova, T. A., and A. V. Samok. "THE ROLE OF HUMAN CAPITAL IN THE CHOICE OF THE APPLICANT’s EDUCATIONAL STRATEGY." Вестник Удмуртского университета. Социология. Политология. Международные отношения 3, no. 3 (September 25, 2019): 292–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2587-9030-2019-3-3-292-305.
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The article reveals the role on human capital in the choice of the applicant’s educational strategy. There is a deepening of social differentiation which manifests in the inequality of educational opportunities for high school graduates in modern society. The theory research is based on the resource approach and the concept of social capital by P. Bourdieu. The empirical part is based on the results of qualitative and quantitative research. Main motives of the applicants’ educational strategy are identified on the basis of interviews with high school graduates from Izhevsk. The analysis results show that main motives are starting positions, personal attitudes and ambitions. Difference in human and social capitals which everyone has is identified on the basis of a questionnaire among high school graduates in 2019. It depends on the type of family and school. The most significant resource for the formation of human capital is the financial and cultural family’s potential. The family’s social status predetermines the type of school that pupils graduate as well as the possibilities of attracting other educational resources including classes with tutors. Another type of resources is the applicant’s personal capabilities. These include educational skills and abilities, the current configuration of interests and attitudes towards achievements. Children from high-ranking families have an aim to enter to universities which is located in the capital. This choice of university requires their intellectual, time and material resources. But on the other hand, a significant part of high school graduates are forced to act according to restrictions imposed by the family. For example they studied at the nearest school, used free resources to prepare for the Unified State Exam or studied on their own. This category of graduates is focused on regional universities because their choice brings balance between quality of education and the volume of material costs.
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Purusottama, Ambara. "Rural entrepreneurship capital and firm performance: A youth perspective." Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis 23, no. 1 (November 19, 2019): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.24914/jeb.v23i1.2644.
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This study aims to review the concept of entrepreneurship capital in the context of rural entrepreneurship. Rural entrepreneurship is becoming increasingly popular because it is considered as the proper instrument in stemming urbanization. This research examines the relationship between entrepreneurship and firm performance in the perspective of resource-based theory. The researcher used a structural equation model approach as a tool to measure the relationship. The unit of analysis of this study is a rural youth entrepreneur domiciled in East Java Province, Malang Regency, Bojonegoro, and Tuban. This study used a quantitative approach involving 733 youth entrepreneurs with a purposive sampling technique. The results of the study found that not all elements of entrepreneurship capital were able to influence firm performance. The three elements are cultural capital, social capital, and human capital. Other findings show financial capital is no longer as a major consideration to support entrepreneurship as in previous studies.
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Woronov, T. E. "Doing Time: Mimetic Labor and Human Capital Accumulation in Chinese Vocational Schools." South Atlantic Quarterly 111, no. 4 (October 1, 2012): 701–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00382876-1724147.
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Working-class youth enrolled in China’s urban vocational schools spend years hanging out and sleeping through their classes. Rather than condemning this as a failure of the students’ ability or the schools’ pedagogy, this essay argues that attending vocational school is a form of mimetic labor in China today. Based on a year of ethnographic research in two vocational schools and theorized using Diane Elson’s value theory of labor, this essay analyzes China’s current regimes of human capital accumulation. I argue that these regimes structure nonelite education such that working-class youth generate value by laboring at the mimetic production of a school-like environment.
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Потравная and E. Potravnaya. "Human Capital Management of Today’s Youth Through the Development of the Interaction Model Between Employers, Universities and Young Professionals Within the Competence Approach." Management of the Personnel and Intellectual Resources in Russia 5, no. 2 (April 18, 2016): 56–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/19613.
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This article analyzes the use of human capital theory as applied to the youth labor market. A model of the interaction of social actors in the labor market of the
Russian Federation is given. The article considers the concept of the youth potential and its components. Within the framework of this model the orientation of young
job seekers to develop their potential for high economic benefi ts is required, while employers are involved in activities on the professional socialization of students
and graduates in order to develop human capital and training of mobile professionals with a high level of professional and general cultural competence. The value
of the proposed model is associated with the development of common cultural and professional competences. The model refl ects the economic behavior,
characteristic of the young students and graduates, who receive higher professional education. This model is not the main but additional way to explain human
behavior in the fi eld of employment, based on the conceptual and methodological basis of economic sociology.
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Lazarus, Michael. "The legacy of reification: Gillian Rose and the value-form theory challenge to Georg Lukács." Thesis Eleven 157, no. 1 (March 10, 2020): 80–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0725513620911854.
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This article examines the relationship between Marx’s Capital, Georg Lukács and Critical Theory through the prism of value-form theory. Marx’s theorisation of value understands commodities as expressions of the historical form of social relations defined by capital. Products of human labour become values in capitalist production, defined by the abstract quality of undifferentiated quantities of labour-power, exchangeable through the universal character of the market. The social form of this process, Marx identifies as processing a fetish quality, where humans take on the thing-like character of commodities. The impact of this theorisation on Critical Theory has been considerable, beginning with Lukács’ concept of reification. In Part I, I examine the challenge to Lukács’ interpretation of Marx’s Capital made by Gillian Rose. She draws attention to a misidentification of reification in Marx, suggesting a strong conceptual distinction between commodity-fetishism and reification. In their conceptual flattening, Rose contends that Lukács and Critical Theory generalised Marx’s value-form theory, losing its speculative character. I argue that despite Rose’s suggestion remaining unfulfilled, she helps illuminate important tensions between Marx’s value theory and Critical Theory. This comparison allows in Part II for the beginning level of a speculative approach to Marx’s Capital to be advanced.
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Rosa, André Luís Cateli, and Jussara Suzi Assis Borges Nasser Ferreira. "Capital humano e empreendedorismo como forma de alcance dos direitos sociais." Revista da Faculdade de Direito, no. 42 (April 30, 2020): 150–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/0104-6594.77477.
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RESUMONo presente artigo aborda-se a ineficiência do Estado para assegurar os direitos sociais a todos os seus cidadãos, o que é referendado pelo ordenamento jurídico por meio da invocação da teoria da reserva do possível. Diante desse contexto, objetiva apontar outros meios de viabilização e concretização desses direitos com o fim de assegurar a igualdade e a dignidade da pessoa humana. Assim, na busca do alcance dos direitos sociais, contextualiza a teoria do capital humano, colocando-a como alternativa por meio do desenvolvimento do empreendedorismo. Destarte, a criteriosa revisão de literatura e pesquisa jurisprudencial demonstram a relevância do estudo dirigido à efetividade dos direitos sociais. Tais direitos, de cunho fundante, são apresentados na investigação, vinculados à apreensão da teoria da reserva do possível, à noção de capital humano e ao empreendedorismo. A interpretação de tal conjunto, núcleo vital deste estudo, indica as condições de possibilidade, para concretização dos direitos sociais. Por fim, verifica-se que a teoria da pedagogia empreendedora, que propõe direcionamento de esforços do Estado na educação e formação das pessoas, com o propósito de desenvolver uma cultura empreendedora, seria capaz de colocar todos em um patamar de igualdade de condições, proporcionando autonomia e liberdade de escolha para o desenvolvimento de suas próprias atividades, o que possibilitaria o alcance dos direitos sociais por meio dos próprios esforços.PALAVRAS-CHAVEDireitos sociais. Capital humano. Empreendedorismo. ABSTRACTThis article addresses the inefficiency of the State to ensure social rights to all its citizens, which is endorsed by the legal system and invoking the theory of the reserve of the possible. In view of this context, it is necessary to point out other ways of making these rights feasible and concrete in order to ensure the equality and dignity of the human person. Thus, in the search for the reach of social rights, it contextualizes the theory of human capital, placing it as an alternative through the development of entrepreneurship. Thus, the careful review of literature and jurisprudential research demonstrate the relevance of the study directed to the effectiveness of social rights. These rights, of a founding nature, are presented in the investigation, linked to the apprehension of the theory of the reserve of the possible, to the notion of human capital and entrepreneurship. The interpretation of such a set, the vital nucleus of this study, indicates the conditions of possibility for the realization of social rights. Finally, it is verified that the theory of entrepreneurial pedagogy, which proposes directing the efforts of the State in the education and training of people, with the purpose of developing an entrepreneurial culture, would be able to put everyone on a level-playing field, providing autonomy and freedom of choice for the development of their own activities, which would enable the achievement of social rights through their own efforts.KEYWORDSSocial rights. Human capital. Entrepreneurship.
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Tuomas, Linartas. "The Ecstasy of Acceleration: the Problem of Capital in the Philosophy of Nick Land." Problemos 101 (April 26, 2022): 79–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/problemos.101.7.
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In this article, the anti-anthropocentric philosophy of Nick Land is discussed from the perspective of the concept of capital – capital becomes a philosophical problem. The origin of Land’s conception of capital as artificial intelligence alien to humanity is traced from the theory of libidinal materialism, the transcendental philosophy of Kant, and also from the historical and cultural background. The ideas of Deleuze and Guattari let Land think of capital as machinically and cybernetically accelerating techno-capital – Land’s intense relation to the process of acceleration is defined here as ecstasy. Also, the problematic interpretation of Deleuze and Guattari is noted, the processes of automatisation and autonomisation are considered, and Land’s teleological vision of technological singularity is criticised, especially from the point of the threats of the climate crisis. Here is shown that the philosophy of Land affectively follows the relevant and important tendencies of capitalism, but suffers from some inner contradictions and paradoxes, according to which we can reasonably doubt the philosopher’s ecstatic celebration of the abyss between capital and human subjectivity.
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DANES, SHARON M., JINHEE LEE, KATHRYN STAFFORD, and RAMONA KAY ZACHARY HECK. "THE EFFECTS OF ETHNICITY, FAMILIES AND CULTURE ON ENTREPRENEURIAL EXPERIENCE: AN EXTENSION OF SUSTAINABLE FAMILY BUSINESS THEORY." Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship 13, no. 03 (September 2008): 229–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1084946708001010.
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Entrepreneurs have been traditionally epitomized as rugged individuals garnering creative forces of innovation and technology. Applying this traditional, limited, and narrow view of entrepreneurship to ethnic firm creation and growth is to ignore or discount core cultural values of the ethnic contexts in which these firms operate. It is no longer possible to depend solely on human capital theory and household characteristic descriptions to understand the complex and interdependent relationships between the ethnic-owning family, its firm, and the community context in which the firm operates. This paper addresses the complex dynamic of ethnic firms with three purposes: (a) to provide a cultural context for the three ethnic groups composing the National Minority Business Owner Study; (b) to extend the Sustainable Family Business Theory, a dynamic, behaviorally-based, multi-dimensional family firm theory, by clarifying how it accommodates ethnic firm complexities within their cultural context, and (c) to derive implications for research, education and consulting with worldwide applications.
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Lertpusit, Sivarin. "Chinese Students in Thai Higher Education Institutions and the Transformation of Graduate Migrant: Characteristics, Practices, and Transitional Migration." WIMAYA 3, no. 01 (June 28, 2022): 18–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.33005/wimaya.v3i01.63.
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This research article entitled "Chinese students in Thai higher education institutions and the transformation of graduate migrant: Characteristics, practices, and transitional migration" aims to clarify two objectives. Firstly, to analyze the determinants that motivate Chinese students to enroll in Thai higher education institutions and, secondly, to examine the particular characteristics and patterns of status involved in transitioning from student to graduate labor. Mixed research methods from in-depth interviews and questionnaires are employed in gathering and analyzing the finding. Criticizing Human capital theory, Chinese students in Thailand intend to invest in the Thai language to escalate their socioeconomic status. However, the popularity of the Thai language over the Vietnamese and Myanmese languages, which share a higher trading volume with Yunnan and Guangxi, represents the significance of Thai soft power through social media and healthier cultural linkage. Lastly, the length of stay among transforming Chinese workers depends on individual contentment. Applying social field theory, their economic capital mainly motivates short-term migrants. However, the pursuit of social and cultural contentment is the principal motivating factor attracting graduate migrants to reside long-term in Thailand.
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Prasetyo, P. Eko, Andryan Setyadharma, and Nurjannah Rahayu Kistanti. "The role of institutional potential and social entrepreneurship as the main drivers of business opportunity and competitiveness." Uncertain Supply Chain Management 10, no. 1 (2022): 101–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5267/j.uscm.2021.10.006.
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Institutional potential plays a key role in creating business opportunities. However, past studies did not emphasize on the consistency and the interaction between institutional and entrepreneurial potential-shaping factors. This research aimed to explore the role of these two aspects in spotting market gaps and encouraging competitiveness. Mixed methods were used, with basic concepts focusing on new institutional economic theory. The results showed that standardization, commercialization, technology, productivity, invention, social capital, and human capital strengthened institutional potential and social entrepreneurship. This created more ventures and encouraged competition. However, there is a need to eliminate institutional barriers to improve the efficiency and productivity of the socio-cultural-economic systems.
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St. John, Edward P. "Human Rights, Capital, or Capabilities? Narrowing Race and Income Gaps in Educational Opportunity." American Behavioral Scientist 61, no. 14 (December 2017): 1845–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002764217744837.
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The author presents an understanding of how human capital and human rights have influenced educational policies and the persistence of inequitable opportunities for students. As an alternative approach, human capabilities, an emerging concept of basic liberties, provides an alternative theory for building human capital that can inform academic and social advocacy for reducing gaps in fairness in opportunities to attain a higher education. The author introduces four frames for decoding assumptions used in political rationales for higher education policies, programs, and funding. These frames are used to examine how six states adapted to shifts in federal policy on educational standards and high loans. When policy assumptions are decoded, a human capabilities lens can help find remedies to inequalities in state system markets.
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Tang, Melody. "Contributions of Capitals to Chinese International Graduates’ Employability in Australia." Journal of Comparative & International Higher Education 14, no. 5A (January 14, 2023): 52–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.32674/jcihe.v14i5a.5066.
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This research explores the employability of Chinese international graduates in the Australian labor market. It captures the significance of six forms of capital (i.e., human, social, cultural, psychological, identity, and agentic) to Chinese international graduates when they develop their careers in Australia. The research employed Bourdieu’s theory of practice and a capitals-based approach as the theoretical framework. Data were collected via an online survey (N=203) and in-depth interviews (N=14). The findings reveal that in addition to getting employments in Australia, the graduates also benefited from developing and utilizing these six capitals in terms of sustainable employments, professional growth, and well-being. As such, this research argued for a broad definition of employability which include different capitals as the inputs and different aspects of employability outcomes as the outputs, namely, employment outcomes, sustainable employments, professional growth, and well-being. The findings also implied that various stakeholders should share responsibilities to support international students in building multiple capitals.
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Kay, Fiona M. "Professional monopolies and divisive practices in law: ‘les femmes juridiques’ in civil law, Canada." International Journal of Law in Context 4, no. 3 (September 2008): 187–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1744552308003017.
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This paper examines women’s entry and advancement within Québec’s, civil law tradition of a dual system of notaires and avocats in law practice. The two arms of the profession have developed along exclusive legal jurisdictions codified through law, contrasting professional structures, and different styles of legal practice. Yet, they share a common foundation through law school and professional training and their respective practices of law occasionally overlap and conflict in the competition for clientele, services and professional status. Women’s representation in Québec law practice has risen to nearly fifty percent and their entry to law in large numbers coincides with the emergence of exclusionary processes within and across the professional divide. Bourdieu’s theory of cultural capital provides new insight to gendered career dynamics in law practice, specifically an understanding of cultural repertoires of resources mobilised in successful careers, resources that are also at the centre of disputes over the professional status and legal jurisdictions between notaires and avocats. The analysis demonstrates that women and men within these two professional groups are not only equipped with differential stocks of capital, but that the conversion rates also differ. Particularly among the avocats, men receive greater exchange on their investments in human and social capitals and their cultivated ‘habitus’ also better enables men to garner enhanced job rewards.
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Andreas, Sarah. "Effects of the decline in social capital on college graduates’ soft skills." Industry and Higher Education 32, no. 1 (January 3, 2018): 47–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0950422217749277.
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Both businesses and recent college graduates in the United States attribute the lack of soft skills in recent college graduates to the colleges’ inability to prepare students for the workforce. This article explores the literature on social capital, human capital and social learning theory, offering an alternative hypothesis for why recent graduates are missing soft skills: namely, that it is the decline in social capital that is influencing the graduates’ ability to master those skills. Through the process of building social capital, college students gain the cultural and behavioural information and sensitivity they need to learn soft skills. College graduates are no longer accessing this experience; as a result, businesses and graduates are suffering the consequences of a decline in social capital. Therefore, the results of this study give rise to the hypothesis that the decline in social capital at the macrosocial level is negatively influencing recent college graduates’ formation of soft skills. This may be due to the decrease in building social capital through face-to-face interaction, rather than due to colleges not preparing graduates for success in the business environment.
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Rudi, A. Sh. "MIDDLE CLASS AS THE SUBJECT OF URBAN CULTURE." Review of Omsk State Pedagogical University. Humanitarian research, no. 32 (2021): 44–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.36809/2309-9380-2021-32-44-49.
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The article presents various levels of urban culture construction. An attempt is made to consider the integrity of urban culture from the standpoint of the sociological theory of the middle class as the owner of human capital. If it is possible to form a single cultural framework of society in the space of stochastic diversity of urban cultures, then it is most likely due to the presence of a middle class that balances the polarized society. The predominant abilities of representatives of the middle class in the creation and development of urban cultural discourse are demonstrated.
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Almohamed, Asam Hamed Abbas, Reem Talhouk, and Dhaval Vyas. "Towards a Conceptual Framework for Understanding the Challenges in Refugee Re-settlement." Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 6, GROUP (January 14, 2022): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3492856.
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Upon arrival to a host community, refugees and asylum seekers face immense challenges to rebuild their social capital that is critical in the process of their resettlement. Developing a holistic understanding of these challenges can provide significant opportunities to inform designers and services providers working with this demography. We adopt the lens of social capital coupled with an inquiry into the heterogeneity of refugees and asylum seekers to gain a holistic understanding of various challenges that they with. We accordingly present a conceptual framework that has been iteratively built based on our four years of engagement with refugee communities. The framework highlights three important aspects: cultural backdrops, displacement-related stressors, and social resources in the host community. We offer several implications for technology design, policies, and the theory of social capital that can support members from these communities in their resettlement.
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Zulkifly, Nurul Afiqah, Maimunah Ismail, and Siti Raba’ah Hamzah. "Predictors of knowledge transfer between expatriates and host country nationals." European Journal of Management and Business Economics 29, no. 2 (November 11, 2019): 199–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ejmbe-04-2019-0067.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the influences of cultural intelligence, feedback-seeking behavior and shared vision as a mediator on bi-directional knowledge transfer involving expatriates and host country nationals (HCNs). Design/methodology/approach This paper integrates the signaling theory, the social capital theory and the anxiety and uncertainty theory in investigating the relationships between predictors and knowledge transfer in a bi-directional manner. The participants of the study were 125 expatriate-HCN pairs of MNCs and local organizations in the areas of Klang Valley, Malaysia. Findings Shared vision was found to significantly mediate the influences of cultural intelligence and feedback-seeking behavior on knowledge transfer as perceived by the respective respondents. Originality/value Co-existence between expatriates and HCNs leads to many organizational outcomes including knowledge transfer. This paper additionally provides theoretical and practical implications to human resource practices.
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Shentyakova, Anna Vladimirovna. "Social Capital of Youth in a Modern City: Opportunities for Empirical Research." RUDN Journal of Political Science 23, no. 1 (December 15, 2021): 130–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-1438-2021-23-1-130-140.
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Modern megalopolis concentrates all groups of resources including economic, political, cultural, information, human resources, etc. The high population density, economic and geographic situation, complex multiethnic and multicultural structure of large cities contribute to certain types of values and behavioral models in the younger generation. The neo-institutional approach and social capital theory were chosen as a methodological basis. The article examines a number of methodological works devoted to various aspects of the social capital and explores the opportunity for this concept application for analysis of the protest behavior motivation and assessment of the protest potential of young people. Combination of the economic model of multilevel analysis for measuring social capital by S.А. Sysoev and socio-political parameters for the empirical part allowed to clearly defining the main categories and indicators of analysis. Measuring the levels of social capital of a megalopolis with the inclusion a network component expands the range of opportunities for assessing and identifying the protest potential of large Russian cities residents.
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Zhang, Wei-Bin. "A neoclassical growth model with endogenous birth and mortality rates." Ekonomski anali 66, no. 231 (2021): 99–125. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/eka2131099z.
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This study examines dynamic interdependence between different socio-cultural groups? birth rates, mortality rates, populations, wealth accumulation, and the allocation of time between work, leisure, and childcare. It emphasises the role of changes in human capital, technology, and preferences on birth and mortality rates and time allocations. The economic mechanism of wealth and income distribution is based on the Walrasian general equilibrium theory, and wealth accumulation is based on the Solow growth model. The paper uses a utility function proposed by Zhang (2015) to describe the behaviour of households. It also models group and gender differences in human capital, the propensity to have children, the propensity to use leisure time, and the efficiency of childcare. The paper uses differential equations to describe the dynamics of group differences in wealth, income, birth rates, mortality rates, and populations. I simulate a model to show the motion of the system and identify the existence of an equilibrium point. I also examine the effects on the dynamics of the economic system of changes in the propensity to have children and the propensity to save, and in gender differences in the propensity to use leisure, in human capital, and in emotional involvement in childcare.
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Syamsuri, Syamsuri. "Peradaban Infrastruktur Ibnu Khaldun." Rausyan Fikr: Jurnal Studi Ilmu Ushuluddin dan Filsafat 16, no. 2 (December 7, 2020): 213–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.24239/rsy.v16i2.598.
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Prophet Muhammad p.b.u.h., moved (hijrah) from Mecca al-Mukarramah to Medina al-Munawwarah, then founded the state of Medina by gathering the national strength of the Muslim, Christian and Jewish population with the identity of the Quraish, Auz, and Khazraj tribes. Caliph Ali bin Abi Talib moved the capital of the Rashidah Caliphate from Medina to Kufa, form Arab to the Persian region. Muawiyah bin Abu Sufyan chose Damascus as the capital of the Umayyah dynasty. Abu Abbas al-Safah placed the seat of the Abbasid dynasty in Baghdad. Furthermore, the Ottoman Empire had its capital in Istanbul. After turning into the Republic of Turkey, it occupies Ankara as the capital. Planning of moving the capital city of the Republic of Indonesia is from the Province of the Special Capital Region (DKI) Jakarta to the Province of East Kalimantan intended as an effort to equalize development that strengthen togetherness in a sense. The ideological, political, social, cultural and legal foundations serve as the basis of legitimacy in the historical footsteps of the Paser Kingdom and the Kutai Kartanegara Kingdom, as the center of government of the Republic of Indonesia. The theory of development ('umran), urban theory ('urban), and the theory of nationality ('asabiyah) put forward by Ibn Khaldun in the Muqaddimah have become methodological conceptions in studying maritime-based archipelago construction. This research shows the point of the new State Capital (IKN), in the archipelago network from Sabang to Merauke. A blueprint for the nation's journey that covers the dynamics of human resource potential in the natural resource management system of the republic of Indonesia.
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Anastasiia, KURNOSENKO, and SYTNYK Hanna. "SOCIAL CAPITAL: EVOLUTION OF THE CONCEPT." Herald of Kyiv National University of Trade and Economics 139, no. 5 (October 25, 2021): 34–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.31617/visnik.knute.2021(139)02.
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Background. The process of social capital formation as a full-fledged scientific theory reflects and explains important social processes. Constant communication and socialization process make new demands on the economy and economic mechanism. Now there are clear periods of technological change for which humanity at the subconscious level is ready and needs it. Most of these processes took place due to the constant functioning of social capital. The aim of the article is to identify and periodize the main stages of evolution of the social capital concept based on the study of its origin nature, and characteristics of key points that influence further theory process, definition of basic features and structure of social capital. Materials and methods. The works of foreign and domestic scholars on social capital were studied to solve this goal. Methods of historical and logical generalization, analysis and synthesis, comparison and generalization were used in the paper. Results. A significant amount of works on this concept has become a prerequisite for identifying and periodizing the evolution stages of the social capital concept: latent, conceptualization, the stage of convergence and pragmatization. The following approaches to the interpretation of social capital were formed in the second stage: sociological, historical, economic, institutional, political science and symbiotic. The study has confirmed the third stage of development of the social capital theory lasts, which is characterized by significant achievements in understanding its content and role in society, practical implementation of certain methodological provisions, on the one hand, and active discourse and pluralism of views on the social capital concept on the other hand. Conclusion. Historical retrospection of the formation process of the social capital concept, analysis of scholars’ views on its essence, their synthesis and development have allowed to determine the following main essential characteristics of the "social capital" concept and form its author’s vision as a set of social institutions, relations, norms, values, mutual trust structure. Its parameters affect the formation of other capital forms, management models and benefits in general, which are characterized by interconnectedness with human capital and the historical and cultural development context and management object. Keywords: social capital, trust, communication network, norms, institutional environment.
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Kamaludin, Kamaludin, and Sri Wahyuningsih. "Strategic Plan for Survival of Shallot Farmers' Business Capital Management." Jurnal Economia 18, no. 1 (April 30, 2022): 16–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/economia.v18i1.37806.
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AbstractThe objective of this research was to obtain a theoretical concept related to a strategic plan for business capital management for shallot farmers using rainfed lowland planting media. This research used a qualitative research method with the main focus of analyzing the management of the business capital of shallot farmers using rainfed rice-growing media. Data collection techniques used in this research were observation, interviews, and documentation using triangulation techniques to ensure the validity of the data obtained. The theory of strategic survival plan is the result and novelty of this research. The theory of strategic survival plan is the management of business capital where all the actions taken by shallot farmers using rainfed rice planting media try everything they can to obtain onion seeds as initial capital.Keywords: Business Capital Management, Shallot Farmers, Rainfed Rice Fields, Survival Strategic Plan.Rencana Strategis Bertahan pada Pengelolaan Modal Usaha Petani Bawang Merah AbstrakTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memperoleh sebuah konsep teori terkait rencana strategis pengelolaan modal usaha bagi petani bawang merah yang menggunakan media tanam sawah tadah hujan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan fokus utama yaitu menganalisis tata kelola modal usaha petani bawang merah yang menggunakan media tanam sawah tadah hujan. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi dengan menggunakan triangulasi teknik untuk memastikan validitas data yang diperoleh. Teori rencana strategis bertahan merupakan hasil dan kebaruan dalam penelitian ini. Teori rencana strategis bertahan adalah tata kelola modal usaha dimana segala tindakan yang dilakukan oleh petani bawang merah dengan menggunakan media tanam sawah tadah hujan berusaha dengan segala cara untuk dapat memperoleh bibit bawang sebagai modal awal. Kata kunci: Sawah Tadah Hujan, Petani Bawang Merah, Rencana Strategis Bertahan, Tata Kelola Modal Usaha