Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Human Centered Design methodology'
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1
Youssef, Omar. "Development of a Human-centered Climatic Design Methodology for Transitional Spaces in Hot-arid Regions." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10792744.
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The anthropogenic influences on our climate system has caused an unprecedented increase of carbon emissions amongst other greenhouse gases into our atmosphere resulting in energy imbalances and observed positive feedbacks. The American Southwest is witnessing major urban transformation as its cities are becoming centers for urban growth. Without adopting climatic design, this continued sprawl will greatly compromise the natural environment and, human health and wellbeing. Intensive urbanization has the greatest risk for increasing the carbon footprint, environmental pollution, urban heat island phenomenon, and infrastructure overextension. Increasing ground surface temperatures; the outdoor environment is observing record breaking temperature highs, while the artificial indoor set points stay the same to counter that effect.
Buildings placed in areas of excessive heat and glaring sun are in need of a comprehensive approach to address their environments. With the advancements in technology, trends have shown that architects and designers are shifting towards engineering solutions to artificially control their environments to a static state. While spaces steer away from passive designs, their operation demand high energy consumption and their occupants are deprived of a sense of nature.
Climatic design is a key ingredient to the success of an optimized environment, or to its failure. Human Health is one component that is most challenged and could be most responsive to that environment and its built parameters. The important role that these components play are greater when immersed in hot-arid regions where resources are scarce, and the built environment finds itself in a hostile environment where it struggles to survive, relying heavily on the consumption of fossil fuels.
The goal of this research is to develop a methodology in which the human physiological responses are centered in the role of design. Through examination of this phenomenon and recommendations based on the findings, developers will be informed of the importance of human-centered climatic design. Data driven to optimize both human health and the environmental footprint. Utilization of this method will not only decrease the contribution of the built environment but will also decrease the chronic exposure of humans to these high contrasts and pave the way to cautious practices optimizing health of the environment. The long-term goal is to develop indices based on human-centered climatic design to inform our design decisions and represent a flagship to a sustainable way of living. The objective of this research is to validate the dialogue between climatic design and human physiological comfort. The hypothesis is that a specific list of elements in man-made built environment trigger responses in both the atmosphere and humans. The rationale behind this methodology is based on the role of architecture as a primary instrument that could cause imbalances in both the climate and the human body.
To accomplish our objective and test our central hypothesis the authors outlined three broad environments; (climate, architecture, and human) to further investigate the relationship centered around the human body and its multisensory experience. Results of this study will allow the identification of an articulate common solution focused on transitional spaces.
The contribution of knowledge in this research is outlined in three sequential publications. The first adopts a comprehensive approach that redefines space and the elements in three environments that have an impact on it. The second leads with the previous developed relationship (from paper 1) to develop a human physiological comfort index applicable within a broader architecture foundation, and the third utilizes this index to demonstrate techniques developed in this research to measure climatic and human attributes objectively, and non-obtrusively. At the final stage these disciplines will be overlaid to create architecture unity in a sequence of variables which this document will follow. The conclusion outlines a series of concepts that represent human-centered climatic design applications.
This dissertation graphically articulates the interactive network of dialogue between humans and space to serve as a balanced approach to architectural design. The genesis of this investigation is supported by the development of a protocol that utilizes interdisciplinary research methodology that couples theoretical and empirical based discoveries to inform the fundamentals of the built environment, standards, and operations optimizing occupant health and wellbeing in extreme environments. By combining spatial design with health parameters, architects will be able to make decisions that will reduce energy consumption, decrease the impact on climate change; ultimately protect the natural world and optimally support future life. The actions taken in response to this study will not only decrease the direct impact of large temperature differences that trigger human stress responses, but will also reduce the emission of anthropogenic greenhouse gases.
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Manganelli, Joseph Charles. "Designing complex, interactive, architectural systems with CIAS-DM| A model-based, human-centered, design & analysis methodology." Thesis, Clemson University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3609779.
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The built environment increasingly contributes to improving human health, well-being, and performance in measurable, predictable, and tailorable ways. Achieving high-performance environmental systems requires real-time-interactive sensing, monitoring, actuation, and communication subsystems, as well as real-time interactions of these environmental systems with their users and other internal and external systems. Developing theories, constructs, methods, and tools necessary for designing such high-performance, complex, interactive systems is an active area of research.
This dissertation focused on methods and tools for representing the cognitive and physical affordances of complex, interactive, architectural systems (CIAS). The Complex, Interactive, Architectural Systems Design Methodology (CIAS-DM) was proposed as a method and tool for helping designers uncover and document the scope of proposed CIAS. CIAS-DM was evaluated qualitatively. This project used the design of a `smart' mattress in a patient room `smart' bed/mattress/over-the-bed table ecosystem as the basis for a series of design cases. Fourteen clinicians participated as subject matter experts. Four research associates participated as raters. The results of evaluating CIAS-DM indicate that CIAS-DM is useful for scoping CIAS design challenges. The contributions of this dissertation are: 1) identifying and characterizing CIAS; 2) introducing the systems modeling language (SysML) and a cognitive work analysis (CWA) representational and analytic methods into architecture; 2) mapping constructs and methods from CWA into SysML; and 3) providing these methods and tools in an integrated package appropriate for those designing CIAS.
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Garreta, Domingo Muriel. "Human-centered learning design with technology." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/667048.
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To improve and innovate education, a novel conception of the role of
design in this realm is needed. Human-centered design (HCD), a
problem-solving framework underpinned by the user perspective in all
stages of the process, provides professional designers with a mindset
and a toolbox that includes both process and methods. HCD is
multidisciplinary by default and also practice-oriented,
context-aware, empathetic and incremental. As such it naturally fits
both the design for learning and many of educators’ everyday
realities. We apply this conception in the context of
technology-enhanced learning with the conceptualisation and
implementation of a genuine intervention for the design of
ICT-mediated learning activities. Following the Activity-Centred
Analysis and Design (ACAD) model, the contributions of this
dissertation 1) cover the epistemic, social and set design dimensions
of a teacher training activity for educators; 2) inform the
incorporation of HCD in education; and 3) provide interdisciplinary
learnings for research as well as practice. These contributions have
been reported in a set of papers which are compiled in this
dissertation together with an introductory kappa. The kappa frames and
summaries the contributions, and closes with a proposal on how HCD
could contribute to empower educators as designers and facilitate the
much interdisciplinary collaboration between education, technology and
design.Facilitar la millora i la innovació docent, requereix d'una nova concepció del rol del disseny aplicat en l'educació. El disseny centrat en les persones (DCU) és una aproximació a la resolució de problemes que inclou la perspectiva dels usuaris en totes les etapes del procés i ofereix als dissenyadors professionals un model mental i els intruments necessaris per aplicar aquest procés i els seus mètodes. El DCU és multidisciplinar per defecte, està orientat a la pràctica, pren consciència del context d’ús, i és empàtic i incremental. Així doncs encaixa de forma natural en el disseny de l’aprenentatge i en la realitat diària del professorat. L'objectiu és aplicar aquesta concepció al disseny de l’aprenentatge mediat per la tecnologia conceptualitzant i implementant una intervenció genuïna per al disseny d’activitats d’aprenentatge que usin les TIC. Seguint el model d’Anàlisi i Disseny Centrat en l’Activitat (ACAD, en anglès), les contribucions d’aquesta dissertació 1) cobreixen les dimensions epistèmica, social i d’eines per al disseny d’una activitat de formació del professorat, 2) informen sobre la incorporació del DCU en educació; i 3) aporten aprenentatges rellevants tant per la recerca com per la pràctica de diferents disciplines. Aquestes contribucions han estat reportades en un conjunt d’articles compilats després de la kappa introductòria. La kappa emmarca i resumeix les contribucions i finalitza amb una proposta sobre com el DCU podria contribuir a apoderar els educadors en tant que dissenyadores i facilitar, d'aquesta manera, la tant necessària col·laboració interdisciplànaria entre educació, tecnologia i disseny.
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Sung, Ja-Young. "Towards the human-centered design of everyday robots." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/39539.
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The recent advancement of robotic technology brings robots closer to assisting us in our everyday spaces, providing support for healthcare, cleaning, entertaining and other tasks. In this dissertation, I refer to these robots as everyday robots. Scholars argue that the key to successful human acceptance lies in the design of robots that have the ability to blend into everyday activities. A challenge remains; robots are an autonomous technology that triggers multi-faceted interactions: physical, intellectual, social and emotional, making their presence visible and even obtrusive. These challenges need more than technological advances to be resolved; more human-centered approaches are required in the design. However to date, little is known about how to support that human-centered design of everyday robots.
In this thesis, I address this gap by introducing an initial set of design guidelines for everyday robots. These guidelines are based on four empirical studies undertaken to identify how people live with robots in the home. These studies mine insights about what interaction attributes of everyday robots elicit positive or negative user responses. The guidelines were deployed in the development of one type of everyday robot: a senior-care robot called HomeMate. It shows that the guidelines become useful during the early development process by helping designers and robot engineers to focus on how social and emotional values of end-users influence the design of the technical functions required.
Overall, this thesis addresses a question how we can support the design of everyday robots to become more accepted by users. I respond to this question by proposing a set of design guidelines that account for lived experiences of robots in the home, which ultimately can improve the adoption and use of everyday robots.
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Muljono, Darwin. "The Relevance of Emergence in Human-centered Design." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1468927430.
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Lugli, Daniele Moraes. "Human-centered education : uma proposta para educação em design." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFPR, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1884/45696.
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Orientador: Prof. Dr. Adriano HeemannDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Artes, Comunicação e Design, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Design. Defesa: Curitiba, 29/09/2016
Inclui referências : f. 115-120
Resumo: O presente estudo investiga a integração das abordagens human-centered design e student-centered learning no contexto de um curso superior em Design. Partindo da compreensão da educação como experiência, discute-se o papel de docentes, discentes e demais stakeholders no processo, bem como possibilidades de aplicação de ferramentas inovadoras do design e da educação para o desenvolvimento de estratégias pedagógicas compatíveis com tal concepção. A fim de verificar a aplicabilidade da proposta, realizou-se uma pesquisa-ação que resultou na cocriação da estrutura de uma unidade curricular, com a participação de diversos stakeholders. Posteriormente, uma pesquisa participante descreve o desenvolvimento das aulas dessa unidade curricular ao longo de um semestre. Por meio de dados quantitativos e qualitativos, os resultados apresentam a percepção dos stakeholders em comparação à experiência dos anos anteriores. Na análise desse feedback, percebem-se aspectos positivos derivados da abordagem human- centered, mas também empecilhos na implementação relativos aos fatores humanos intrínsecos a ela. A participação dos stakeholders resultou em insights que não seriam alcançados apenas pela pesquisadora, e a possibilidade de iteração prevista no método permitiu o desenvolvimento flexível de aulas voltadas às necessidades dos estudantes, mapeadas semana a semana. O processo, como um todo, apontou a importância da colaboração entre a equipe educacional e as dificuldades percebidas quando esta não ocorre de fato. O estudo pode servir como guia para instituições que desejem implementar modelos pedagógicos mais humanizados, pois considera-se o método aplicável a outras unidades curriculares e até mesmo a outros cursos, devido à sua adaptação às necessidades contextuais. Palavras-chave: Human-centered design. Student-centered learning. Educação em design. Competências. Colaboração.
Abstract: This study investigates the integration of the human-centered design and student- centered learning approaches in the context of an undergraduate Design program. From the understanding of education as an experience, the role of professors, students and other stakeholders involved in the process is discussed, as well as the possibilities of using innovative tools from design and education fields to develop teaching strategies that are consistent with this concept. In order to verify the applicability of this proposal, an action research was conducted and resulted in the cocreation of the structure of a course unit with the participation of various stakeholders. Subsequently, a participant research describes the development of the classes over a semester. Through quantitative and qualitative data, the results showed the perception of stakeholders in comparison to the experience of previous years. After analyzing this feedback, positive aspects derived from the human-centered approach are perceived as well as obstacles to its implementation related to the human factors that are intrinsic to it. The participation of different stakeholders resulted in insights that would not be achieved by the researcher alone, and the possibility of iteration, as provided in the method, allowed the flexible development classes geared to the weekly mapped needs of students. The process as a whole highlighted the importance of collaboration in an educational team and the difficulties perceived when it does not occur in fact. The research can work as a guide for institutions wishing to implement more humane pedagogical models, since the method is applicable to other courses and even other programs due to its adaptation to contextual needs. Keywords: Human-centered design. Student-centered learning. Design education. Competencies. Collaboration.
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Baldev, Darshan H. "Design of a Construction Safety Training System using Contextual Design Methodology." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/35200.
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In the U.S., the majority of construction companies are small companies with 10 or fewer employees (BLS, 2004). The fatality rate in the construction industry is high, indicating a need for implementing safety training to a greater extent. This research addresses two main goals: to make recommendations and design a safety training system for small construction companies, and to use Contextual Design to design the training system. Contextual Design was developed by Holtzblatt (Beyer and Holtzblatt, 1998) in an effort to address the challenge of designing new systems. Ethnographic in nature, the Contextual Design methodology requires field data collection, requirements analysis, model building, visioning and story boarding, and prototyping. A sample of 12 participants consisting of 7 tradespersons, 3 forepersons, and 2 owners/ managers, was selected for data collection. The data was analyzed based on the Contextual Design approach and a training system prototype was designed. The results of this study are recommendations for safety in small construction companies, a low fidelity paper prototype of the training system, and recommendations on future use of Contextual Design for developing training systems.Master of Science
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Webert, Nina, and Marcelle Ghaoui. "En studie av Toyotas miljöarbete genom Human-Centered Design." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-13103.
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Det ligger något motsägelsefullt i att bilföretag arbetar med miljöfrågor. Ökad globalisering och urbanisering har haft en stor inverkan på vår miljö. Som en av världens största biltillverkare anser Toyota att de har ett stort ansvar för sitt ekologiska fotavtryck och satsar dagligen 49 miljoner kronor på miljöarbete. Examensarbetet gäller för Toyota Sweden AB med syftet att skapa nya möjligheter för att kommunicera Toyotas miljöarbete hos återförsäljarna. För att kunna uppfylla syftet arbetade vi med att besvara två övergripande forskningsfrågor: Hur ser Toyotas miljöarbete ut idag samt Hur kan Toyotas miljöprofil förstärkas hos återförsäljarna? Då forskningsfrågorna var av bred karaktär valde vi att arbeta efter IDEO:s framtagna process Human-Centered Design, kombinerat med det arbetssätt som Anders Wikström utvecklat genom den forskning han bedriver vid Mälardalens högskola. Vid Human-Centered Design utgår man från de människor man designar för genom att utveckla empati, dvs. en djup förståelse för de problem och den verklighet de människorna lever i. Resultatet av examensarbetet kom att bestå av två delar. Dels en nulägesanalys av Toyotas miljöarbete och hur det återspeglas hos återförsäljarna. Dels ett visionärt koncept, Talking Cars, som skildrar ett framtida sätt att köpa bil som syftar till att förstärka upplevelsen i bilhallen. En av många slutsatser som kan dras av examensarbetet är att Toyota gör det de säger sig göra i samband med sitt miljöarbete. De behöver dock bli tydligare i sin kommunikation till omvärlden för att kunna göra sitt miljöarbete rättvisa. Genom detta examensarbete är våra förhoppningar att Toyota har fått insikter och inspiration till hur de skulle kunna gå tillväga.
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Liu, Jenny S. B. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Inclusive : a human centered approach to accessible architectural design." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/118700.
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Thesis: S.B., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Architecture, 2018.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 72-74).
Architecture is about creating spaces for people to live their best lives, yet architecture can be disconnected from the people most directly impacted by its work. According to a survey in 2015, only 2.6% of non-architects feel that the profession does an excellent job of understanding the needs and desires of those living and working in our buildings. As such, occupants suffer spaces that are uncomfortable and sometimes unusable; in particular, people with disabilities are often restricted to certain spaces because most places are designed without any consideration of their needs.. Universal design, a new concept in architecture, asks how can we design in a way that makes life easier, healthier, and friendlier for all by putting people with disabilities on an equal playing field with other types of users. Universal design draws from accessibility standards and design principles to create environments that can be used by as many as possible without specialized design accommodations. Integrating accessibility and universal design principles in architecture could enrich our understanding of a space and add a new layer of spatial experience for everyone. The purpose of this thesis is to investigate what makes spaces inclusive and usable for those with disabilities, how we can design for a broader population, and whether we should embrace universal design ideas. This thesis will use a review of the history and current practices of universal and accessible design and precedent studies to inform a design process focused on understanding the users and their experiences in order to maximize usability. Then, this thesis will apply this knowledge by assessing the MIT Stratton Student Center and the Ray and Maria Stata Center using observations and surveys to find the gap between their designs and universal design principles. This analysis will provide findings and recommendations of how universal design can be better incorporated in public spaces on MIT's campus.
by Jenny Liu.
S.B.
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Wallace, Michael D. "METIS : a human-computer interface design methodology." Thesis, University of Ulster, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.261053.
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Vinagre, Pedro Diogo Guerra. "UsaGame – A new methodology to support user- centered design of touchscreen game applications." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/9917.
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Dissertação para Obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia e Gestão IndustrialTouchscreen mobile devices growth resulted in an explosion of the mobile applications. Focusing on touch mobile game applications this study aims to fulfill a research gap, creating appropriate usability guidelines for these applications. Concerns about usability, touch technologies, mobile devices and game testing, provided the background needs for this study. Initial game application tests allowed for the creation and implementation of such proposed usability guidelines into a support checklist (UsaGame), designed to help applications developers. An evaluation test was performed with 20 users in order to assess the validity of the proposed guidelines. Results from the test of the two builds from the same game application allowed comparisons that led to the assessment of the importance of some of the guidelines implemented into the application. Results suggested a usability improvement on the game application implemented with the guidelines. Furthermore results allowed commenting on all proposed usability guidelines.
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Wu, Yutong. "SEME Design Methodology For Nostalgic Design." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1530880404101115.
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Dillon, Andrew. "Artifacts as theories: Convergence through user-centered design." Medford, N.J.: ASIS, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/105923.
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This item is not the definitive copy. Please use the following citation when referencing this material: Dillon, A. (1995) Artifacts as Theories: Convergence through User-
Centered Design. 1995 Proceedings of the 58th Annual ASIS Conference, Medford NJ: ASIS, 208-210. Abstract: The present paper proposes the artifact as theory perspective which draws together models of scientific practice and design behaviour and in so doing, offers the view of any information technology system as a conjecture on the part of the design team of human and organizational requirements to be met. By adopting this perspective, information system design can be seen as an ill-structured problem best tackled by usercentered theories and methods. The present paper will outline this perspective, emphasizing the need for convergence of views at the outset of design, and demonstrate the advantages it offers to both the theory and practice of technology design and the field of information science.
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Agee, Philip Ryan. "A Macroergonomics Path to Human-centered, Adaptive Buildings." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/102751.
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Human-building relationships impact everyone in industrialized society. We spend approximately 90% of our lives in the built environment. Buildings have a large impact on the environment; consuming 20% of worldwide energy (40% of U.S. energy) annually. Buildings are complex systems, yet architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) professionals often perform their work without considering the human factors that affect the operational performance of the building system. The AEC industry currently employs a linear design and delivery approach, lacking verified performance standards and real-time feedback once a certificate of occupancy is issued. We rely on static monthly utility bills that lag and mask occupant behavior. We rely on lawsuits and anecdotal business development trends as our feedback mechanisms for the evaluation of a complex, system-based product. The omission of human factors in the design and delivery of high performance building systems creates risk for the AEC industry. Neglecting an iterative, human-centered design approach inhibits our ability to relinquish the building industry's position as the top energy consuming sector. Therefore, this research aims to explore, identify, and propose optimizations to critical human-building relationships in the multifamily housing system.
This work is grounded in Sociotechnical Systems theory (STS). STS provides the most appropriate theoretical construct for this work because 1) human-building interactions (HBI) are fundamentally, human-technology interactions, 2) understanding HBI will improve total system performance, and 3) the interrelationships among human-building subsystems and the potential for interventions to effect the dynamics of the system are not currently well understood. STS was developed in the 1940's as a result of work system design changes with coal mining in the United Kingdom. STS consists of four subsystems and provides a theoretical framework to approach the joint optimization of complex social and technical problems. In the context of this work, multidisciplinary approaches were leveraged from human factors engineering and building construction to explore relationships among the four STS subsystems. An exploratory case study transformed the work from theoretical construct toward an applied STS model. Data are gathered from each STS subsystem using a mixed-methods research design. Methods include Systematic Review (SR), a descriptive case study of zero energy housing, and the Macroergonomics Analysis and Design (MEAD) of three builder-developers. This work contributes to bridging the bodies of knowledge between human factors engineering and the AEC industry. An output of this work is a framework and work system recommendations to produce human-centered, adaptive buildings.
This work specifically examined the system inputs and outputs of multifamily housing in the United States. The findings are supportive of existing scientific society, government, and industry standards and goals. Relevant standards and goals include the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society (HFES) Macroergonomics and Environmental Design Technical Groups, International Energy Agency's Energy in Buildings ANNEX 79 Occupant Behavior-Centric Building Design and Operation, the U.S. Department of Energy's Building America Research to Market Plan and zero energy building goals of the American Society of Heating Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE).Doctor of Philosophy
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Agee, Philip. "A Macroergonomics Path to Human-centered, Adaptive Buildings." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/102751.
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Human-building relationships impact everyone in industrialized society. We spend approximately 90% of our lives in the built environment. Buildings have a large impact on the environment; consuming 20% of worldwide energy (40% of U.S. energy) annually. Buildings are complex systems, yet architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) professionals often perform their work without considering the human factors that affect the operational performance of the building system. The AEC industry currently employs a linear design and delivery approach, lacking verified performance standards and real-time feedback once a certificate of occupancy is issued. We rely on static monthly utility bills that lag and mask occupant behavior. We rely on lawsuits and anecdotal business development trends as our feedback mechanisms for the evaluation of a complex, system-based product. The omission of human factors in the design and delivery of high performance building systems creates risk for the AEC industry. Neglecting an iterative, human-centered design approach inhibits our ability to relinquish the building industry's position as the top energy consuming sector. Therefore, this research aims to explore, identify, and propose optimizations to critical human-building relationships in the multifamily housing system.
This work is grounded in Sociotechnical Systems theory (STS). STS provides the most appropriate theoretical construct for this work because 1) human-building interactions (HBI) are fundamentally, human-technology interactions, 2) understanding HBI will improve total system performance, and 3) the interrelationships among human-building subsystems and the potential for interventions to effect the dynamics of the system are not currently well understood. STS was developed in the 1940's as a result of work system design changes with coal mining in the United Kingdom. STS consists of four subsystems and provides a theoretical framework to approach the joint optimization of complex social and technical problems. In the context of this work, multidisciplinary approaches were leveraged from human factors engineering and building construction to explore relationships among the four STS subsystems. An exploratory case study transformed the work from theoretical construct toward an applied STS model. Data are gathered from each STS subsystem using a mixed-methods research design. Methods include Systematic Review (SR), a descriptive case study of zero energy housing, and the Macroergonomics Analysis and Design (MEAD) of three builder-developers. This work contributes to bridging the bodies of knowledge between human factors engineering and the AEC industry. An output of this work is a framework and work system recommendations to produce human-centered, adaptive buildings.
This work specifically examined the system inputs and outputs of multifamily housing in the United States. The findings are supportive of existing scientific society, government, and industry standards and goals. Relevant standards and goals include the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society (HFES) Macroergonomics and Environmental Design Technical Groups, International Energy Agency's Energy in Buildings ANNEX 79 Occupant Behavior-Centric Building Design and Operation, the U.S. Department of Energy's Building America Research to Market Plan and zero energy building goals of the American Society of Heating Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE).Doctor of Philosophy
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Chen, Xin. "Human-centered semantic retrieval in multimedia databases." Birmingham, Ala. : University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2008. https://www.mhsl.uab.edu/dt/2008p/chen.pdf.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2008.Additional advisors: Barrett R. Bryant, Yuhua Song, Alan Sprague, Robert W. Thacker. Description based on contents viewed Oct. 8, 2008; title from PDF t.p. Includes bibliographical references (p. 172-183).
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Thärn, Simon. "The Skärgårda cabinet system : A human centered design process for archipelago deliveries." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik, konst och samhälle, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-86000.
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Hur kan ett leveransskåp-system designas för att vara attraktivt och användbart för dess användare? Och hur kan användare involveras i denna process under en global pandemi? Detta projekt ämnar att svara på dessa frågor samt utveckla ett hållbart skåpsystem som skyddar paket som levereras i Stockholms skärgård från värme, tjuvar, och rådande väderförhållanden, men som också är anpassat till dess användare och kontext. Användarna är i detta fall Skärgårda, ett företag som kör ut paket med båt i skärgården, samt deras kunder, som beställer paketen, vilka kan innehålla vad som helst från sneakers till matvaror. För att genomföra detta projekt har en användarcentrerad designprocess använts. Denna process har innehållit metoder för kontextundersökning, idégenerering, utveckling, samt tester. Ett teoretiskt ramverk har också använts för att vetenskapligt grunda arbetet. Detta ramverk tog upp ämnerna teknisk design, användarcentrerad design, design thinking, ergonomi, estetiska principer, Stockholms skärgård, hållbarhet, samt material. Resultatet var ett koncept för ett system av leveransskåp, som har mervärdet att även fungera som bänkar, vilket var det mest attraktiva konceptet av fyra, enligt kunderna. Denna bänk kan öppnas genom dess lucka, bestående av sitsen, ryggstödet och frontpartiet, för att komma åt ett isolerat förvaringsutrymme för kollin på insidan. Bänken har en låslösning som tillåter Skärgårda att använda en huvudnyckel till alla skåp, medan kunden kan fästa ett hänglås om hen vill. Sitsen är dimensionerad efter de 5e till 95e percentilerna av svenskar och interaktionen med bänken har efter en iteration anpassats ergonomiskt för att medföra så liten belastning på Skärgårdas bud som möjligt. Bänken kan fästas i de olika underlag som är vanliga längs kusterna i stockholms skärgård. Dessa inkluderar sten, sand, jord, samt bryggor i trä. En diskussion som dykt upp är däremot om denna fixtur verkligen är nödvändig, eftersom bänk-konceptet har en stor kontaktyta mot marken samt låg tyngdpunkt. Slutsatser som funnits var att något mervärde, att den smälter in i omgivningen, samt att den är fri från krångel verkade göra skåpet mer attraktivt och användbart för kunderna, samt att användare kunde involveras i designprocessen genom distansworkshops, enkäter, telefonintervjuer, eller genom representanter på plats, vilka då spelar rollen av användargruppen. Det kunde också konkluderas att det designade skåpet var anpassat till dess användare och kontext, kunde ses som hållbart, och mest troligt skyddar från värme, tjuvar, och väderförhållanden, men att detta skulle behöva testas vidare för att verifiera.
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Lorenzi, Federico. "Human-Nature centered design. Pensare e progettare sostenibile l'interazione uomo-natura." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021.
Find full textAbstract:
Il tema della sostenibilità è un argomento tanto vasto quanto complesso.
La sua comprensione risulta semplice ai più, tuttavia il termine stesso può assumere definizioni e sfumature differenti, a seconda del campo in cui viene applicato.
Il concetto in sé di sostenibilità è applicabile infatti in ogni settore. Dalla politica fino all’economia, così come nell’architettura e nel design, dove ne influenza i processi sia di progettazione che di produzione.
Lo sviluppo della relazione di tesi nasce dall’interesse nel fatto che in questo periodo di profondi cambiamenti sociali, ovviamente dovuti soprattutto alla pandemia globale, stiamo assistendo ad un lento processo di transizione ecologica in ognuno di questi settori.
Così in questo breve saggio ho cercato di legare gli argomenti studiati e appresi durante il corso di laurea con il mio interesse legato al tema della sostenibilità, cercando di favorire anche in questo caso il processo di transizione ecologica nel campo del Service design.
Attraverso un’attenta analisi delle criticità e tante opportunità nascoste nell’approccio user centered (a mio avviso troppo user centered), lo studio dell’influenza del design sulla vita delle persone, il comportamento umano e ovviamente il tema della sostenibilità.
Tutte argomentazioni utili alla mia relazione di tesi per lo sviluppo di un nuovo approccio legato alla progettazione dei servizi. Un modello che si rifà alla filosofia esistente e già codificata del Human Centered Design.
In cui alle quattro fasi del Double Diamond si aggiungono quattro nuove fasi dove all’interno dei processi di progettazione l’oggetto del pensiero non è più l’uomo, bensì la natura.
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Yu, Bo Yang Ph D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Human-centered approaches to system level design with applications to desalination." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/97846.
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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2015.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 153-160).
The goal of this thesis is to better understand the design practice employed by the desalination industry from a systems-level viewpoint and offer recommendations to improve the process of design. A human-centered design research approach is used, in which industry practitioners were interviewed about the design strategies they employ for industrial desalination systems. A common theme from the interviews is that long term performance of desalination systems needs to be emphasized during the design process. Based on this observation, a novel design framework is proposed that incorporates health monitoring and maintenance in the design stage. The proposed framework is shown to make the design process more effective and can result in more optimal design over the lifecycle of a plant. The interviews also suggest open questions about how designers use computational tools for the design of desalination system. An investigation of how designers respond to the complexity of desalination parameter design problems was conducted. The behavior of designers during a series of simulated design processes involving seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) plants was observed. The experiments revealed that desalination knowledge seemed to lead to better performance, but the results also showed that subjects with limited desalination knowledge could perform worse than subjects with no desalination knowledge. It was also observed that human designers had difficulties understanding the sensitivity of coupled variables, which can lead to poor performance on parameter design problems. Additionally, the top-performance-ranked subjects were observed to behavior very differently from the bottom-ranked. The problem-solving profiles of best performing subjects resembled a well-tuned simulated annealing algorithm while the worst performing subjects used a pseudo random search strategy.
by Bo Yang Yu.
Ph. D.
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Gerber, Elizabeth. "Devotion to an innovation process : the case of human centered design /." May be available electronically:, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/login?COPT=REJTPTU1MTUmSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=12498.
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Earnshaw, Rae A., R. A. Guedj, Dam A. van, and J. A. Vince. "Frontiers of Human-Centered Computing, Online Communities and Virtual Environments." Springer Verlag, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/3534.
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NoPresents the results of a joint National Science Foundation and European Commission Workshop, set up to identify directions for the future of human-centered computing, online communities and virtual environments. Discusses ways to meet the ultimate goal of facilitating human-computer interaction centered around human needs and capabilities.
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Landqvist, Fredrik. "Development of a portable display system with a human-centered design approach." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik och samhälle, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-79736.
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This master thesis project in industrial design engineering at Luleå University of Technology was about developing a portable light box for Spennare. The work was done under the supervision of the design engineering studio Catino in Stockholm during the spring of 2020. The background for the project was that Spennare today has a large selection of display system products that companies can use to promote themselves, such as roll-up screens and pop-up walls. But a product they does not have in their range is a portable lightbox. A portable lightbox differs from roll-ups and similar products in the way that the message that is conveyed becomes backlit, since the lightbox contains LED lights. This differentiates the lightbox amongst other similar products and the message is conveyed in a clearer and more prominent way than with a roll-up which is not backlit. The work has followed a user-centered design process that has followed a framework called Double Diamond developed by the Design Council (Design Council, n.d.). The framework consists of four phases: discover, define, develop and deliver. The purpose of the process was to first create an understanding of what the problem was, and then to concretize it into some well-formulated problems and needs that needed to be solved and fulfilled. Then ideas for solutions to these problems would be generated, ideas that could then be refined and evaluated until final solution were reached. Methods used during the process was benchmarking, interviews, observations and tests to identify the problem. Then, among other things, different brainstorming methods have been used during both creative workshops but also throughout the process of generating ideas. In order to test and evaluate different ideas, prototypes have been built in different stages during the process. The final result was compiled in a cad model. In the initial phase of the processes, when an understanding of the problem was developed, showed that many of the existing lightboxes consist of many different parts that the user must assemble themselves, which puts great demands on the user. Interviews with users showed that they wanted products that are as simple as possible to assemble. Interviews with people who had experience with lightboxes stated that plastic lightboxes are not an option as they are of quality worse than dittos in aluminium. Tests also showed that plastic lightboxes had flaws in the mounting process and the end result became unstable. Based on these insights, a large number of different ideas were generated that solved these problems. These ideas were iterated and narrowed down to four different concepts. These concepts were evaluated against requirements and goals set at the beginning of the process. After the evaluation, one concept remained, which was then developed further with the help of prototypes and detail sketches. The end result was a lightbox which is an improvement in the way that it requires significantly fewer steps to mount the lightbox. The number of parts is the same but these are connected with joints and this makes the lightbox consist of only two modules. It can be argued that in order for the end result to be as good as possible, more tests should have been done. But due to the situation that was the spring of 2020 with the Covid-19 pandemic, it was not possible to conduct more tests. More prototypes had also had to be made to ensure that the design worked as intended. Likewise to evaluate the shape of the lightbox, which is currently only designed with the help of 2D sketches and 3D digital models. So to ensure that the shape not negatively affect the function, prototypes of higher quality and with the correct shape have to be made and evaluated. However, it can be concluded that the lightbox designed is an improvement of what exists on the market today. It has better usability and does not require as much of the user when installing the lightbox.Den här masteruppsatsen för civilingenjör teknisk design på Luleå tekniska universitet gick ut på att utveckla en portabel ljuslåda för Spennare. Arbetet gjordes under handledning av designingenjörsstudion Catino i Stockholm under våren 2020. Bakgrunden till arbetet är att Spennare idag har ett stort utbud av produkter som företag kan använda sig av för att marknadsföra sig själva, så som roll-ups och pop-up-väggar. Men en produkt som de saknar i sitt eget utbud är en portabel ljuslåda. En portabel ljuslåda skiljer sig från roll-ups och liknande produkter på så sätt att motivet som förmedlas blir bakgrundsbelyst då ljuslådan innehåller ledlister. Detta gör att den särskiljer sig från mängden och budskapet förmedlas på ett tydligare och mer framstående sätt än på en roll-up som ej är belyst. Arbetet har följt en användarcentrerad designprocess som har följt ett ramverks som heter Double Diamond och som är framtaget av Design Council (Design Council, n.d.). Ramverket består av fyra stycken faser: discover, define, develop samt deliver. Syftet var att först skapa sig en förståelse för vad problemet var, för att sedan konkretisera det till några väl formulerade problem som behövde lösas. Sedan skulle idéer på lösningar för dessa problem genereras, idéer som sedan kunde förfinas och utvärderas för att slutligen komma fram till en slutlig lösning. Metoder som använts under processen är benchmark, intervjuer, observationer samt tester för att identifiera problemet. Sedan har bland annat olika brainstormingmetoder används under både under kreativa workshops men också genomgående under processen för att generera idéer. För att testa och utvärdera olika idéer har prototyper byggts i olika steg under processens gång. Det slutliga resultatet sammanställdes i en cad-model. Den inledande fasen som gick ut på att skapa sig en förståelse för problemet visade att många av nu existerande ljuslådor består av många olika delar som användaren själv måste montera ihop vilket ställer stora krav på användaren. Intervjuer med användare visade att dessa ville ha produkter som är så enkla som möjligt att montera ihop. Intervjuer med folk som hade erfarenhet av ljuslådor fastslog att ljuslådor i plast inte är ett alternativ då de är kvalitetsmässigt sämre än diton i aluminium. Test visade också att ljuslådor i plast hade brister i montering och slutresultatet blev ostabilt. Baserat på detta generades ett stort antal olika idéer som löste dessa problem. Dessa idéer itererades och smalnades ner till fyra stycken olika koncept. Dessa koncepten utvärderads mot krav och mål som satts upp i början av processen. Efter utvärderingen var ett koncept kvar som sedan utvecklades med hjälp av prototyper och detaljskisser. Slutresultatet blev en ljuslåda som är en förbättring på så sätt att den kräver betydligt färre steg från användaren när denne ska montera den. Antalet delat är det samma men dessa sitter ihop med leder och det gör att ljuslådan endast består av två stycken moduler. Det kan argumenteras att för att slutresultatet skulle blivit så bra som möjligt så skulle fler tester behövts göras. Men på grund av den situation som rådde under våren 2020 med Covid-19 pandemin så var det inte möjligt att genomföra fler tester än vad som gjordes. Fler prototyper hade också behövts göras för att säkerställa att konstruktionen fungerade som det var tänkt. Likaså för att utvärdera formen på ljuslådan, vilken just nu endast är designad i 2D och i 3D-digitalt. Så för att säkerställa att formen inte påverkade funktionen negativt hade prototyper med högre kvalitet och bättre form behövts göras och utvärderas. Slutsatser kan ändå dras att den ljuslåda som designats är en förbättring av vad som finns på marknaden idag. Den har bättre användbarhet och kräver inte lika mycket av användaren när denne ska montera ljuslådan.
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McKnight, Cliff, Andrew Dillon, and John Richardson. "User centered design of hypertext and hypermedia for education." New York: Macmillan, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/106501.
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Winner of the 1997 Brown Publication Award from ECT. This item is not the definitive copy. Please use the following citation when referencing
this material: McKnight, C., Dillon, A., and Richardson, J. (1996) User Centered Design
of Hypertext and Hypermedia for Education. In: D. Jonassen (ed) Handbook of Research
on Educational Communications and Technology. New York: Macmillan, 622-633
Abstract
The chapter begins by describing the fundamental concepts of hypertext and gives a brief
overview of the different philosophical perspectives manifest in the key figures of the
field. It then considers the role of hypertext in learning, concluding from a review of
empirical evaluations that many of the claims for hypertext have failed to be
substantiated. It is argued that for a variety of conceptual and methodological reasons, it
is extremely difficult to evaluate hypertext experimentally in an educational context.
However, rather than simply abandon either hypertext or empirical evaluation, the
chapter concludes by arguing for an empirically grounded, user centred approach to the
design of hypertext based on a knowledge of the users, their tasks, the information space
and the context in which the three interact.
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Espejo, Raul. "A cybernetic methodology to study and design human activities." Thesis, Aston University, 1988. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/12179/.
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This thesis offers a methodology to study and design effective communication mechanisms in human activities. The methodology is focused in the management of complexity. It is argued that complexity is not something objective that can be worked out analytically, but something subjective that depends on the viewpoint. Also it is argued that while certain social contexts may inhibit, others may enhance the viewpoint's capabilities to deal with complexity. Certain organisation structures are more likely than others to allow individuals to release their potentials. Thus, the relevance of studying and designing effective organisations. The first part of the thesis offers a `cybernetic methodology' for problem solving in human activities, the second offers a `method' to study and design organisations. The cybernetics methodology discussed in this work is rooted in second order cybernetics, or the cybernetics of the observing systems (Von Foester 1979, Maturana and Varela 1980). Its main tenet is that the known properties of the real world reside in the individual and not in the world itself. This view, which puts emphasis in a, by nature, one sided and unilateral appreciation of reality, triggers the need for dialogue and conversations to construct it. The `method' to study and design organisations, it based on Beer's Viable System Model (Beer 1979, 1981, 1985). This model permits us to assess how successful is an organisation in coping with its environmental complexity, and, moreover, permits us to establish how to make more effective the responses to this complexity. These features of the model are of great significance in a world where complexity is perceived to be growing at an unthinkable pace. But, `seeing' these features of the model assumes an effective appreciation of organisational complexity; hence the need for the methodological discussions offered by the first part of the thesis.
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Chen, Yunan Atwood Michael E. "Context-centered design : bridging the gap between designing and understanding /." Philadelphia, Pa. : Drexel University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1860/2978.
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Zhang, Annie Tianci. "Ultraportable surgical enclosure : human centered design for high usability in unpredictable environments." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/127861.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis: S.B., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, May, 2020Cataloged from the official PDF of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (page 28).
Access to safe and sterile surgical infrastructure dramatically reduces the risk of infection for both patients and medical providers. However, this access is limited for many, especially those in austere environments and developing countries. SurgiBox is a product that aims to solve this problem by providing a sterile surgical micro-environment in a cost-effective manner. SurgiBox is a transparent, inflatable plastic enclosure which isolates the surgical site, creating a localized, sterile region in which surgical procedures may take place. The two primary markets -- humanitarian and defense applications -- have overlapping needs and similar design constraints. For both markets SurgiBox needs to be highly portable and useful in unpredictable environments with ad-hoc medical infrastructure. Using SurgiBox should be a predictable, reliable, and easy to understand experience even in the most unpredictable environments. The redesign of SurgiBox components through a Human Centered Design approach has enhanced its usability, effectiveness, and efficiency for both patients and medical providers.
by Annie Tianci Zhang.
S.B.
S.B. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering
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Jonsson, Alexander, and Martin Husell. "Design of an oral surgery simulator : Human-centered design study and implementation on a surgerysimulator." Thesis, KTH, Maskinkonstruktion (Inst.), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-226331.
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The company Forsslund Systems has developed a simulator for oral surgery training. The simulator, named Kobra, uses detailed virtual models of surgical situations, spatial haptics and a co-located stereoscopic display to provide an environment in which students can practice surgical techniques. Four years after the introduction of the Kobra a need was recognized for a new hardware design that satisfies the customers expectations on visual appearance and hardware refinement and that aims to improve the experience for the end users. This report describes the design development process of the new enclosure, that had a focus on human-centered design, brand management and small-scale manufacturing. Inspired by findings from a comprehensive user study, conducted at a teaching hospital in Riga and relevant literature, as well as the results of prototyping and testing, the new design of the Kobra aims to improve the usability and market attractiveness of the product offering. This while being tailored to utilize the manufacturing technologies available to a small-scale in-house or out-sourced production team. A full-scale functioning prototype of the concept was built in-house, using the proposed means of manufacture, demonstrating a design that is close to ready for production.Simulatorn, kallad Kobra, använder detaljerade virtuella modeller av kirurgiska ingrepp, 3D-haptik och en samlokaliserad stereoskopisk skärm för att skapa en miljö där elever kan öva kirurgiska tekniker. Fyra år efter introduktionen av Kobran klargjordes ett behov av en ny hårdvarudesign som uppfyller kundernas förväntningar på utseende och hårdvarukvalité samt som syftar till att förbättra upplevelsen för slutanvändarna. Denna rapport beskriver designutvecklingsprocessen av den nya exteriören, som hade utgångspunkt från människocentrerad design, varumärkeshantering och småskalig tillverkning. Inspirerad av insikter från en omfattande användarstudie, genomförd på ett lärosäte i Riga och relevant litteratur, såväl som resultaten av prototyptillverkning och utvärdering, syftar den nya designen av Kobran till att förbättra användbarhet och produktens marknadsläge. Detta medans designen är skräddarsydd för att utnyttja de tillverkningsprocesser som är tillgängliga för ett småskaligt internt eller externt produktionslag. En fullskalig fungerande prototyp av konceptet byggdes, med hjälp av de föreslagna tillverkningsmetoderna, som påvisade en nära produktionsklar design.
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Providência, António Bernardo. "Metodologia de personalização de productos baseada em design centrado no utilizador. Methodology to design customized product based on user centered design." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/84045.
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This PHD is about design as a tool of interaction based in information systems, allowing not only to understand the relationship of design with the user, as also, based on User Centered Design, to create a methodology that solves real problems derived from its personal needs. In the case study, the work was based on People with Special Needs, which by their limitations spend much of their day sitting and consequently end up suffering from pressure
ulcers. From the research methodology resulted an approach that in a first stage relates psychophysical data acquisition and processing derived from information systems, in an approximation to semiotics. In a second stage an application has been developed in LabView for the integration and processing of data relating to acquisition of user data and data regarding the characteristics of materials and prototyping processes. The result is a file that can be interpreted by CAD systems. The third and final phase, based on the interpretation of the data in the CAD system, allows exporting the information to a CAM system and consequently the production of a customized product through rapid manufacturing technology. The work developed resulted in an integrated system called "Core System" divided by modules that allows management of all information in real time regardless of the inputs of each of its sub-modules, allowing each of these changes to be reflected in the final result. The application is the result of research work that relates the different multidisciplinary areas, building, based on correlations and data validation by specialized technicians, information processing models.Este trabajo aborda el papel como herramienta de interacción basada en los sistemas de información permitiendo no sólo entender mejor la relación del diseño con el usuario y, basándose en el Diseño Centrado en el Usuario, crear una metodología que solucionase problemas reales resultado de una necesidad personal. En el caso de estudio el trabajo se basó en personas con necesidades especiales, que por sus limitaciones pasan gran parte del día sentados, y por eso con el tiempo sufren de úlceras por presión. De la metodología de investigación resultó un enfoque que en una primera etapa relaciona la adquisición y procesamiento de datos psicofísicos en una aproximación a la semiótica partiendo de sistemas de información.
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Holmqvist, Larsson Johanna, and Fanny Tapper. "Supporting Facility Management and Operations through User-Centered Design." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Avdelningen för visuell information och interaktion, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-413653.
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Today the building sector is focused on improving the energyefficiency in order to meet climate and financial business goals.Technical facility managers work with indoor energy use and oneaspect of their work is to optimize the facility performanceaccording to goals set by the company. Their work role involvestechnical and financial facility management, covering for absentcolleagues by acting as back-up support, as well as managing tenantrelationships. To perform their work, they must be able to accessdisparate digital tools, facility information and automatic controlsystems across various facilities.The purpose of this thesis was twofold. The first was to evaluate thepotential need of a portal that connects various systems and supportsinformation exchange among technical facility managers. The secondwas to disclose what this portal should include and from thatformulate a design solution.A contextual design approach was used to investigate the work domainof the technical facility managers through interviews andobservations. A first insight from the interviews was that technicalfacility managers had to navigate a broad range of tools, accessedfrom separate platforms. Importantly, their automatic control systemswere provided by various suppliers and accessed in disparate ways.Vital information was scattered in different systems, supportingneither daily work nor efficient retrieval of information.Additionally, much information was kept in individual records, whichmade back-up supporting more difficult. The interviews andobservations uncovered 7 user requirements that concerned 1) aholistic view, 2) easy access to automatic control system, 3)customization, 4) information creation 5) information retrieval, 6)statistics and analytics and 7) structure.
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Li, Kang. "Towards a methodology for interactive virtual design assessment." MSSTATE, 2004. http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-08302004-225346/.
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Complex interactive behaviour involves cognitive, sensation and motor behaviour and may consist of several sub interactive behaviours. It needs to be examined from different points of view. Although explaining everything in one model is not currently possible, it is possible to connect information from different sources to get a better understanding of the interaction to benefit product design. The long-term objective of our study is to develop a methodology for interactive virtual design assessment to study the interactive behaviour and achieve compatibility. This study summarized two experiments which covered many aspects of interactive behaviours in seated posture. Experiment one addressed manipulation behaviour and the hand control design of the car. Experiment two addressed seated reaching behaviour and ATM design. The two experiments are the basis of the advanced study for interactive virtual design assessment. They explored the limitations and advantages of digital prototypes and physical prototypes and suggested that digital prototypes and physical prototypes should be combined to provide design variations and to support human factor testing.
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Beckerle, Philipp [Verfasser]. "Human-machine-centered design and actuation of lower limb prosthetic systems / Philipp Beckerle." Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1110980264/34.
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Iribagiza, Chantal. "Human-Centered Design of an Air Quality Feedback System to Promote Healthy Cooking." PDXScholar, 2018. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4547.
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Household air pollution (HAP) is responsible for almost 4 million premature deaths every year, a burden that is primarily carried by women and children in developing countries. The mortality and morbidity impact of HAP can be significantly alleviated through clean cookstove interventions. However, for these interventions to be effective, the new intervention stove must be a substantially cleaner technology and adoption should be high and sustained over time.
Woody biomass is the fuel of choice in many developing communities, and contributes substantially to HAP. Several organizations have launched clean cooking interventions to address this issue. However, the majority of those interventions do not address adoption related challenges, that they often face.
This thesis explores previous studies on Human-Centered Design (HCD) and the impact of feedback and data access on behavior change. It details a HCD process and methodology applied during the design process of an air quality feedback system, to improve adoption of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) cookstoves in Rwanda. The feedback system is intended to provide real-time air quality information to stove users and potentially encourage them to abandon traditional biomass cookstoves in favor of the cleaner LPG stoves.
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Santo, Anna Ruth. "A Human-Centered Approach to Designing an Invasive Species Eradication Program." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/52562.
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The increasing scope and speed of biological invasions around the world is a major concern of the modern environmental conservation movement. Although many ecological impacts of biological invasions are still not well understood, there is a general consensus that exotic, invasive species are a primary driver of extinctions globally. By altering ecosystem structure and function, invasive species also affect human quality of life; however, not all impacts lead to negative outcomes.
Given that invasive species have diverse impacts on society, their management in human-dominated landscapes is a wicked problem wherein the resolution is as much an issue of social value as technical capacity. The purpose of my research was to understand the propensity for engaging private landowners in an effort to eradicate an invasive species on an inhabited island. Specifically, I investigated private landowner perspectives on eradicating the North American beaver (Castor canadensis) from the Tierra del Fuego (TDF) island archipelago in Argentina and Chile. The beaver was introduced in 1946 and has since become a central conservation issue due to its long-lasting changes to local hydrology, nutrient cycling, riparian vegetation, food webs, and aquatic and terrestrial species assemblages.
Because eradication requires near complete cooperation from stakeholders and no research had been conducted to understand the perspectives or willingness of private landowners to cooperate, my objectives were to: 1) characterize the links private landowners make between the presence of beavers and impacts to the ecosystem services in their riparian areas, and 2) explore the role of a market-based incentive program to increase landowner cooperation in eradication efforts.
Through semi-structured interviews, I elicited landowner mental models of how beavers impact the ecosystem services they receive from their riparian lands. I found that TDF ranchers prioritized provisioning ecosystem services, and held diverse and idiosyncratic beliefs about how beavers influence these outcomes. TDF ranchers may not recognize the beaver as a highly salient problem because they do not connect them to reductions in ecosystem services that are important to them. Among those who do perceive beavers affecting important ecosystem services, there is no clear, unified understanding of how the beavers disturb the ecosystem and key ecosystem services.
Additionally, in a broadly administered survey, I used a factorial vignettes to examine the role of program structure and other program-related factors on landowners' willingness to participate in a voluntary eradication program. Overall, landowners were willing to cooperate in an incentive program to eradicate beavers. They were positively motivated by greater financial compensation, an increased expectation that the program would be successful, and the program assuming full responsibility for its implementation. Other factors returned mixed results indicating that further research may be required.
In diverse, human-inhabited, and privately-owned landscapes, conservation requires collective action—i.e., the high threshold of participation needed for eradication to be achieved. Understanding the knowledge systems that cause landowners to perceive value or risk serves as a first step in understanding behaviors, and can also serve as a framework for crafting more effective outreach, as current communication about the beaver and the proposed eradication may not resonate with private landowners. Further, barriers to inaction can be overcome by understanding landowner needs and how program-related factors influence the potential for cooperation.
In sum, by putting human needs at the forefront of program design, conservation planners can better understand stakeholder perspectives, reduce barriers to participation, and ultimately increase cooperation and improve conservation outcomes.Master of Science
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Williams, Michelle Anne. "Creation of a design methodology for devices that improve human mobility." Thesis, University of Bath, 2005. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.425796.
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de, Haan Sophie. "Application Design for the Quantified Pet Domain from a User Centered Design Perspective." Thesis, KTH, Medieteknik och interaktionsdesign, MID, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-235191.
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Quantifying personal information is a rapidly emerging lifestyle that has now extended to tracking non-personal information as well. The Quantified Pet (QP) domain enablespet owners to gain insights in their pet’s behavior and wellbeing. This study investigates how to design a QP application using the User Centered Design Method. To gain understanding in the inner drivers that form the human-pet relationship, five dog owners are interviewed. Three inner drivers that trigger interaction are revealed: habits, love and guilt. By surveying 104 users of existing QP applications, this study examined what motivates users to use a pet activity tracker and what sustains this usage. After performing a thematic analysis on this data, it was found that Activities,interest in activity data, and Health, improving and ensuringthe dog’s health, are dominantly portraited in the results. These themes provide the foundation for the establishment of two personas, of which the Health persona is chosen to be the primary design target. Next to user requirements following from the persona design, a heuristic evaluation is performed on one QP application (FitBark) to provide an additional set of design requirements. From these requirements, a design solution is proposed and evaluated amongst ten participants by means of a task list, semi- structured interview and a questionnaire. This revealed high usability for navigation and successful implementation of most requirements. However, design flaws, in specific of data visualization, and some misunderstanding of informational components remain. Future work proposes an improved design and provides additional suggestions for implementation and examination.Att kvantifiera personlig information är en starkt växande uppkommande livsstil och har nu även utökats till att följa icke-personlig information. Quantified Pet (QP) domänen möjliggör husdjursägare att få insikter i deras husdjurs beteende och välmående. I denna studie undersöks hur en QP-applikation ska designas genom att använda metoden User Centered Design. För att få förståelse för de innersta drivkrafterna till det som formar relationen mellan människa och husdjur blev fem hundägare intervjuade. Tre innre drivkrafter som triggar interactionen klarlades: vanor, kärlek och skuldkänslor. Genom att studera 104 användare av redan existerande QP-applikationer, denna studie undersökte vad som motiverar användare till att använda en pet activity tracker och vad som upperäthåller ett fortsatt användande. Efter att ha genomfört en tematisk analys av denna data visade det sig att Aktiviteter, intresse av aktivitetsdata, och Hälsa, förbättra och säkerställa hundens hälsa är de mest framträdande i resultaten. Dessa teman bidrar till grunden för etableringen av två personas, där personan för Hälsa är vald som primärt mål för designen. Utöver de användarkrav som uppkommit från personadesignen, har en hueristisk evaluering av en QR-applikation (Fitbark) gjorts för att bidra till ett ytterligare antal designkrav. Utifrån dessa krav föreslås en designlösning som evalueras bland tio deltagare genom en uppdragslista, semistrukturerad intervju och frågeformulär. Detta visade på en hög användbarhet för navigering och en lyckad implementation av de flesta av kraven. Dock existerar fortfarande brister i designen, specifikt för datavisualisering och några missförstånd över informationskomponenter. Framtida arbeten föreslår en förbättrad design och bidrar med ytterligare förslag på implementation och examinering.
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Arab, Maki Alireza, and Zadeh Navid Shariat. "Design and Development of a Maintenance Knowledge-Base System Based on Common KADS Methodology." Thesis, KTH, Industriell produktion, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-50383.
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The objective of this thesis is to design and develop a knowledge base model to support the maintenance system structure. The aim of this model is to identify the failure modes which are the heart of maintenance system through the functional analysis and then serves as adecision support system to define the maintenance tasks and finally to implement a preventive maintenance task. This knowledge base management system is suitable to design and develop maintenance system since it encompasses all necessary steps in maintenance area. Moreover, it is capable of being integrated with other knowledge base systems. The structure and the environment of this knowledge base system is flexible to allow users to deploy different kinds of tools which they will. It is also a well structured approach to develop, debug, upgrade and trace. In this thesis, the CommonKADS methodology is used as the knowledge base methodology. At the first step, a knowledge base system is developed to create the maintenance system infrastructure. To implement this, Reliability-Centered Maintenance (RCM) has been chosen as the method to design a maintenance system. In order to make it more specified, a Spindlesubsystem is taken as a case study to make the model clearer. Secondly, another knowledge base system is developed for decision making process to select the suitable maintenance task and finally, a general knowledge base model is developed for condition-based monitoring onSpindle. In chapter 1, background, previous works and gap analysis have been surveyed. Then in chapter 2 the methodology and tools have been discussed and described. Design and development the knowledge base for maintenance system is described in detail in chapter 3 and finally in chapter 4, the conclusion and the future works are presented.
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Wirekoh, Jackson O. "Development of Soft Actuation Systems for Use in Human-Centered Applications." Research Showcase @ CMU, 2017. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/1124.
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In recent years, soft materials have seen increased prevalence in the design of robotic systems and wearables capable of addressing the needs of individuals living with disabilities. In particular, pneumatic artificial muscles (PAMs) have readily been employed in place of electromagnetic actuators due to their ability to produce large forces and motions, while still remaining lightweight, compact, and flexible. Due to the inherent nonlinearity of PAMs however, additional external or embedded sensors must be utilized in order to effectively control the overall system. In the case of external sensors, the bulkiness of the overall system is increased, which places limits on the system’s design. Meanwhile, the traditional cylindrical form factor of PAMs limits their ability to remain compact and results in overly complex fabrication processes when embedded fibers and/or sensing elements are required to provide efficient actuation and control. In order to overcome these limitations, this thesis proposed the design of flat pneumatic artificial muscles (FPAMs) capable of being fabricated using a simple layered manufacturing process, in which water-soluble masks were utilized to create collapsed air chambers. Furthermore, hyperelastic deformation models were developed to approximate the mechanical performance of the FPAMs and were verified through experimental characterization. The feasibility of these design techniques to meet the requirements of human centered applications, including the suppression of hand tremors and catheter ablation procedures, was explored and the potential for these soft actuation systems to act as solutions in other real world applications was demonstrated. We expect the design, fabrication, and modeling techniques developed in this thesis to aid in the development of future wearable devices and motivate new methods for researchers to employ soft pneumatic systems as solutions in human-centered applications.
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Tian, Renran. "Validity and reliability of dynamic virtual interactive design methodology." Master's thesis, Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2007. http://library.msstate.edu/etd/show.asp?etd=etd-09242007-080500.
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Alm, Torbjörn. "Simulator-Based Design : Methodology and vehicle display application." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Industriell arbetsvetenskap, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-8465.
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Human-in-the-loop simulators have long been used in the research community as well as in industry. The aviation field has been the pioneers in the use of simulators for design purposes. In contrast, corresponding activities in the automotive area have been less widespread. Published reports on experimental activities based on human-in-the-loop simulations have focused on methods used in the study, but nobody seems to have taken a step back and looked at the wider methodological picture of Simulator-Based Design. The purpose of this thesis is to fill this gap by drawing, in part, upon the author’s long experience in this field. In aircraft and lately also in ground vehicles there has been a technology shift from pure mechanics to computer-based systems. The physical interface has turned into screen-based solutions. This trend towards glass has just begun for ground vehicles. This development in vehicle technology has opened the door for new design approaches, not only for design itself, but also for the development process. Simulator-Based Design (SBD) is very compatible with this trend. The first part of this thesis proposes a structure for the process of SBD and links it to the corresponding methodology for software design. In the second part of the thesis the focus changes from methodology to application and specifically to the design of three-dimensional situation displays. Such displays are supposed to support the human operator with a view of a situation beyond the more or less limited visual range. In the aircraft application interest focuses on the surrounding air traffic in the light of the evolving free-flight concept, where responsibility for separation between aircraft will be (partly) transferred from ground-based flight controllers to air crews. This new responsibility must be supported by new technology and the situational view must be displayed from the perspective of the aircraft. Some basic design questions for such 3D displays were investigated resulting in an adaptive interface approach, where the current situation and task govern the details of information presentation. The thesis also discusses work on situation displays for ground vehicles. The most prominent example may be the Night Vision system, where the road situation ahead is depicted on a screen in the cab. The existing systems are based on continuous presentation, an approach that we have questioned, since there is strong evidence for negative behavioral adaptation. This means, for example, that the driver will drive faster, since vision has been enhanced, and thereby consume the safety margins that the system was supposed to deliver. Our investigation supports a situation-dependant approach and no continuous presentation. In conclusion, the results from our simulator-based studies showed advantages for adaptive interface solutions. Such design concepts are much more complicated than traditional static interfaces. This finding emphasizes the need for more dynamic design resources in order to have a complete understanding of the situation-related interface changes. The use of human-in-the-loop simulators and deployment of Simulator-Based Design will satisfy this need.
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Rodriguez, Simonetta Andrea 1952. "Human/environmental relations analysis & simulation using human-centered systems methods for design and evaluation of complex habitable environments." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/84809.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, February 2002.Includes bibliographical references (p. 69-75).
by Simonetta Andrea Rodriguez.
S.M.
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Boettcher, Kevin L. "A methodology for the analysis and design of human information processing organizations." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/15189.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1986.MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ENGINEERING.
Bibliography: leaves 189-191.
by Kevin L. Boettcher.
Ph.D.
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Zanuccoli, Matteo. ""Human-Centered Design nell'Industry 4.0: Progettazione di un sistema di condition monitoring per Smart Factory"." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018.
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L’introduzione delle più recenti tecnologie dell'ICT nei processi industriali sta creando le basi per una nuova rivoluzione industriale denominata Industry 4.0. Grazie a queste tecnologie, persone, macchine e risorse possono comunicare e organizzarsi, generando un vero e proprio cambiamento di paradigma, da un controllo totalmente centralizzato a un insieme di processi produttivi decentralizzati. Questo cambiamento coinvolge anche l’uomo: i sistemi industriali di nuova generazione sono molto complessi e la loro interazione con l’uomo deve essere mediata da opportune interfacce utente. Il progetto di tesi si colloca in questo ambito: come cambia l'interazione uomo-macchina e uomo-computer con l'introduzione di queste nuove tecnologie in ambito industriale? Quale approccio occorre adottare per sviluppare sistemi che, nonostante la loro complessità, siano altamente usabili? Per rispondere a queste domande sono stati analizzati i principi fondanti dell’Industria 4.0, per poi verificare quali architetture, tecnologie e paradigmi supportino l’applicazione di questi principi ai Cyber-Physical System e alle Smart Factory. Successivamente sono state analizzate tecniche e metodologie appartenenti alle sfere dell'ergonomia e della Human-Computer Interaction, per individuare quali fossero le best practice per costruire una metodologia di Human-Centered Design applicabile al contesto industriale. Infine, tutti questi studi sono stati applicati a un progetto reale: Mentor©. Questo progetto, nato dalle menti degli ingegneri di Bucci Industries di Faenza e condotto in collaborazione con l'Università di Bologna, mira a realizzare un innovativo sistema di monitoraggio delle condizioni e della produttività dei macchinari industriali. Il lavoro di tesi, svolto interamente presso le sedi di Bucci Industries, ha previsto la revisione, la progettazione e l’implementazione di numerose interfacce di Mentor©, applicando i principi dello Human-Centered Design.
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Lackner, Christiana. "Human Practice Centered Design : Service Designing Practice Transition - Community Supported Agriculture as a Case Study." Research Showcase @ CMU, 2014. http://repository.cmu.edu/theses/65.
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Designers study human behavior in order to create products and services that respond to human needs. However design also works to support the emergence of different ways of living, beyond the needs or desires uncovered with more traditional human centered design research approaches. This project takes an approach to understanding human behavior that is relatively unexplored in the field of design. Using social practices I explored new ways for designers to model human behavior. I extended the use of social practice models into the space of service design, exploring a new kind of tool and approach to help designers create services that develop and support social practices. I used Community Supported Agriculture (CSA) —a system where community members buy shares from a group of local farmers in exchange for weekly produce—as a case study for testing these new approaches.
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Cooper, Joseph L. "Supporting Flight Control for UAV-Assisted Wilderness Search and Rescue Through Human Centered Interface Design." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2007. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2140.pdf.
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Munasinghe, Aroshine. "A Culture-Centered Design Approach to Improve a User Interface for Migrants." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för datavetenskap och kommunikation (CSC), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-214543.
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A web application known as the Virtual Volunteer has been developed by IBM, the International Federation Red Cross and the Red Crescent Movement. The aim of this application is to extend support to migrants beyond the physical help they receive. The application is also a resource for volunteers who want to help migrants. This paper explores how a culture-centered design approach can help to improve a user interface and enhance the usability for a global audience using Virtual Volunteer as a design case. By conducting multiple interviews and task completion tests with verbal protocols, the results present two independent redesigned prototypes. The culture-centered design approach yielded valuable feedback and data from the migrants that would not have been possible to collect from a more traditional approach like the one employed when creating the Virtual Volunteer in the first place. The results also revealed that all functions in the application were not clearly understandable for the migrants as they were for the Swedish volunteers. The overall results of the design case shows that a culture-centered design approach together with common usability methods are efficient to use when developing user interfaces for migrants and volunteers.IBM, Röda Korset och Röda Halvmånen, har tillsammans utvecklat en webbapplikation, Virtual Volunteer, till stöd för migranter som kommer till Sverige. Syftet med applikationen är att utöka stöd till migranter utöver den fysiska hjälp de får. Ett annat syfte är också att applikationen ska fungera som ett hjälpmedel för volontärer som vill hjälpa migranter. I den här studien undersöks hur en kulturcentrerad designmetod kan bidra till att förbättra användargränssnittet och användbarheten för en global publik genom att använda Virtual Volunteer som en designutmaning. Vi skapade två olika prototyper baserat på intervjuer och användartester med migranter och svenska volontärer. Den kulturcentrerade designmetoden gav mycket värdefull feedback och data från migranter jämfört med ett traditionellt tillvägagångssätt som i första hand användes vid skapandet av Virtual Volunteer. Resultaten av designarbetet och användarstudierna visar att designmetoder som tar hänsyn till kultur kan vara en effektiv metod för att utveckla gränssnitt som riktar sig till migranter såväl som svenska volontärer.
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Stenberg, Gleisner AnnaKlara. "Med ergonomi i fokus : En studie om ergonomi i designprocessen vid framtagning av nya produkter på IKEA of Sweden." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Carl Malmsten - furniture studies, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-129366.
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This thesis examines the presence of ergonomics in the design process at IKEA of Sweden. It also attempts to describe how IKEA of Sweden can implement more ergonomics in their development process of new products. The study is based on interviews with employees at IKEA of Sweden and with an employee at the design bureau Veryday. The thesis also includes a design process that has been conducted using a given brief by IKEA of Sweden with a predetermined way of production. The purpose of the design process should have an overall ergonomic perspective. The interviews were analysed using the theory presented which includes the perception and fallacies of ergonomics, anthropometrics and universal design. The result shows that ergonomic aspects are not included in a structured way common for all areas when developing products at IKEA of Sweden. The study also points to a need of information about ergonomics, like a guideline. Access to an expert as an occupational therapist or a physiotherapist would also improve the design process. The analysis of the design process and the products Höghult shows the importance of preparation in the design process using functional analysis, specifications and analysis of the way of production. To proceed with the implementation of the overall ergonomic perspective in the design process, it is important to test and evaluate the prototype using an expert and a test panel representing the potential customers.Den här uppsatsen undersöker förekomsten av ergonomi i designprocessen på IKEA of Sweden. Den försöker även beskriva hur IKEA of Sweden kan föra in mer ergonomi i deras arbete med att ta fram nya produkter. Studien är baserad på intervjuer av medarbetare på IKEA of Sweden samt av företrädare för designbyrån Veryday. Parallellt med intervjustudien genomfördes en designprocess efter given brief av IKEA of Sweden med angivet produktionssätt där processen ska ha ett övergripande ergonomiskt perspektiv. Intervjuerna analyserades utifrån den teori som presenterats om bland annat föreställningar om ergonomi, antropometri och universell design. Resultatet visar att det inte finns ett strukturerat arbetssätt för ergonomiska frågeställningar gällande produktutveckling på IKEA of Sweden. Studien visar också på att det finns behov av information om ergonomi som t ex en guideline. Att ha tillgång till en expert, såsom t ex en arbetsterapeut eller fysioterapeut, skulle också berika designprocessen. Analysen av designprocessen och produkterna Höghult visar betydelsen av att noga förbereda designprocessen med hjälp av funktionsanalys, kravspecifikation samt analys av produktionssättet. För att komma vidare med implementeringen av det övergripande ergonomiska perspektivet i designprocessen är det viktigt att testa och utvärdera prototypen med hjälp av exempelvis en expert samt en testgrupp som representerar kundgruppen.
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Mejia, Ramirez German Mauricio. "Visual Communication Design for Human Differences and Needs: Visual Intelligence and Mood." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1277124546.
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Abbasi, Azad Ismail. "Coffeepot for Masochists : A Study in User-Centered System Design." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för datavetenskap och kommunikation (CSC), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-168653.
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This master thesis is carried out in the field of “Human-Computer interaction”, more specifically the area “User-centered system design”. The focus has been on “usability” and useful graphical user interfaces. Current theories and definitions in the field have been considered. Literature studies contain well known authors and organisations in domains mentioned above; Jakob Nielsen, Donald A Norman and International Organization for Standardization ISO to mention some. Another source for this work from which the theories and way of working have been used is the book “User-Centered System Design” written by Jan Gulliksen and Bengt Göransson. The work started with a literature study followed by looking at methods to use. The next step was to do task and user analysis which followed by the development phase. The user has been given a central role in this project and, just as recommended, also been involved through the whole cycle. A useful method to get feedback from users, in addition to interviews and workshops, has been the “Heuristic Evaluation”. The final result and conclusion shows that the user-centered system design is a powerful tool to adapt when designing and developing interactive user interface.Detta examensarbete har utförts inom området för ”Människa-Datorinteraktion” mer specifikt ”Användarcentrerad Systemdesign”. Fokus har varit på ”användbarhet” och användbart grafiskt användargränssnitt. Aktuella teorier och definitioner har iakttagits. Litteraturstudien har omfattat välkända författare och organisationer i ovannämnda domäner; Jakob Nielsen, Donald A Norman och Internationella standardiseringsorganisationen ISO för att nämna några. En annan källa vars teorier och arbetssätt har tillämpats i detta arbete är boken ”Användarcentrerad Systemdesign” av författarna Jan Gulliksen och Bengt Göransson. Arbetet började med en litteraturstudie följd av val av lämplig metod. Nästa steg innebar att utföra uppgifts- och användaranalyser och därefter var det dags för utvecklingsfasen. Användaren har haft en central roll i detta projekt och har, precis som rekommenderat, involverats i samtliga moment. En lämplig och nyttig metod för att få återkoppling från användarna, förutom intervjuer och workshop, har varit ”Heuristisk Utvärdering”. Det slutliga resultatet och slutsatsen visar att användarcentrerad systemdesign är ett kraftfullt verktyg att nyttja när det kommer till design och utveckling av interaktivt användargränssnitt.
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Yunten, Tamer. "Supervisory methodology and notation (SUPERMAN) for human-computer system development." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/49969.
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The underlying goal of SUPERvisory Methodology And Notation (SUPERMAN) is to enhance productive operation of human-computer system developers by providing easy-to-use concepts and automated tools for developing high-quality (e.g., human-engineered, cost-effective, easy-to-maintain) target systems. The supervisory concept of the methodology integrates functions of many modeling techniques, and allows complete representation of the designer's conceptualization of a system's operation. The methodology views humans as functional elements of a system in addition to computer elements. Parts of software which implement human-computer interaction are separated from the rest of software. A single, unified system representation is used throughout a system lifecycle. The concepts of the methodology are notationally built into a graphical programming language. The use of this language in developing a system leads to a natural and orderly application of the methodology.Ph. D.
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Chewar, Christa M. "User-Centered Critical Parameters for Design Specification, Evaluation, and Reuse: Modeling Goals and Effects of Notification Systems." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28325.
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Responding to the need within the human-computer interaction field to address ubiquitous and multitasking systems more scientifically, this research extends the usefulness of a new research framework for a particular class of systems. Notification systems are interfaces used in a divided-attention, multitasking situation, attempting to deliver current, valued information through a variety of platforms and modes in an efficient and effective manner. Through review of literature and experiences with empirical dual-task perceptual studies, we recognize a lack of unifying framework for understanding, classifying, analyzing, developing, evaluating, and discussing notification systems--fundamentally inhibiting scientific growth and knowledge reuse that should help designers advance the state-of-the-art.
To this end, we developed a framework (referred to as the IRC framework) for notification systems research based on a core taxonomy of critical parameters describing user goals. Next, we extend the framework, focusing on three key aspects: 1) a system description process, allowing articulation of abstract design objectives that focus on critical user requirements; 2) interface usability evaluation tools, enabling comparison of the design and user's models, while supporting generalizability of research and early identification of usability concerns; and 3) design comparison and reuse mechanisms, saving time and effort in requirements analysis and early design stages by enabling design reuse and appreciation of design progress.
Results from this research include the development of tools to express IRC design models (IRCspec) and user's models (IRCresults), and the extension of the critical parameters concept. Validation studies with novice designers show sufficient assessment accuracy and consistency. Leveraging these tools that help designers express abstract, yet critical, design intentions and effects as classification and retrieval indices, we develop a repository for reusable design knowledge (a claims library). Responding to challenges of design knowledge access that we observed through initial user testing, we introduce a vision for an integrated design environment (LINK-UP) to operationalize the IRC framework and notification systems claims library in a computer-aided design support system. Proof-of-concept testing results encourage the thought that when valuable design tools embody critical parameters and are coupled with readily accessible reusable design knowledge, interface development will improve as a scientific endeavor.Ph. D.