Academic literature on the topic 'Human capital'

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Journal articles on the topic "Human capital"

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Savage, Jesse Dillon, and Jonathan D. Caverley. "When human capital threatens the Capitol." Journal of Peace Research 54, no. 4 (July 2017): 542–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022343317713557.

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How does aid in the form of training influence foreign militaries’ relationship to domestic politics? The United States has trained tens of thousands of officers in foreign militaries with the goals of increasing its security and instilling respect for human rights, democracy, and civilian control. We argue that training increases the military’s power relative to the regime in a way that other forms of military assistance do not. While other forms of military assistance are somewhat fungible, allowing the regime to shift resources towards coup-proofing, human capital is a resource vested solely in the military. Training thus alters the balance of power between the military and the regime resulting in greater coup propensity. Using data from 189 countries from 1970 to 2009 we show that greater numbers of military officers trained by the US International Military Education and Training (IMET) and Countering Terrorism Fellowship (CTFP) programs increases the probability of a military coup.
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Irawan, Sadono, and Abdul Malik. "Performance, Technology and Human Capital." SPLASH Magz 1, no. 2 (April 21, 2021): 56–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.54204/splashmagzvol1no1pp56to59.

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This study examines technology inclusion, education investment, health investment and economic growth in Indonesia using secondary data from world banks processed quantitatively using the moving average autoregression method. We find that investment in health, investment in education, and technology inclusion are positively related to economic growth. This shows that in Indonesia it is in accordance with the solow growth theory where technology in Indonesia has a positive impact along with Indonesia's human capital.
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Husen, Mr Shaikh Matin Shaikh. "Economic Growth and Human Capital." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Volume-3, Issue-4 (June 30, 2019): 190–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd23628.

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Morales-Urrutia, Ximena, Juan Pablo Martínez Mesías, and Karen Yucsin Miranda. "Human capital and per capita income in Ecuador." Medwave 23, S1 (September 1, 2023): eUTA327. http://dx.doi.org/10.5867/medwave.2023.s1.uta327.

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Introducción A nivel mundial la importancia del capital humano para generar procesos de crecimiento del ingreso per cápita en los países es bien conocida (Camacho & Bajaña, 2020). Se han identificado que las mejoras en el nivel de educación, la experiencia laboral y la capacitación de la mano de obra tienen fuertes efectos en la productividad, que a su vez mejoran el crecimiento, la economía y con esto también generan un mejor ingreso para las personas. Por lo mismo, se sabe que en los países desarrollados han sido los incrementos del capital humano los que han llevado procesos de crecimiento a largo plazo (Colon & Flores, 2012). En este sentido, esta es una variable de gran interés para las economías, porque puede ayudar a que éstas dejen atrás sus problemas estructurales, bajo crecimiento, desempleo e inflación y generen mejores condiciones económicas que determinen mejores ingresos per cápita para la población (Vaca, 2016). En Latinoamérica, en los países más grandes de esta región como Chile, Brasil, Argentina y Uruguay se identificó que los procesos de crecimiento económico de estos países han estado acompañados de mejoras de la inversión privada, que han producido mejoras en el capital humano de estas economías (CEPAL, 2015). Esto quiere decir que el capital extranjero de los países desarrollados ha llegado para estos países y ha mejorado la capacitación o el nivel de capital humano de estas economías, lo que permite el desarrollo de mayores industrias o de otros sectores económicos como la agricultura, tecnología y servicios financieros, los cuales permiten mejorar las economías en estos países y han determinado crecimiento del ingreso per cápita en los mismos (Sanchez & Prada, 2014). Objetivos Determinar si el nivel de capital humano incide en el ingreso per cápita de los ecuatorianos en el periodo 2000-2020. Método En el estudio se realizará estadística descriptiva; que permitirá entender los cambios que se han presentado en las dos variables de estudio de manera individual. Del mismo modo, con el fin de analizar la relación entre el capital humano y la renta per cápita en el Ecuador se elaborará un modelo econométrico de series de tiempo de regresión lineal multiplex estimado por Mínimos Cuadrados Ordinarios (MCO). Principales resultados Los resultados del análisis econométrico que se estableció para determinar la incidencia del capital humano en el ingreso per cápita de los ecuatorianos en el periodo 1990-2020 muestran que en el modelo de regresión lineal múltiple estimado por mínimos cuadrados se obtuvo un R cuadrado de 0,95, lo que determina que el capital humano medido por medio de los años de estudio de la población promedio es estadísticamente significativa para explicar los cambios en la renta per cápita del Ecuador en el periodo de estudio. Esto se verifica en que esta variable presenta un p-valor < 0,0001 de y un estadístico t de 5, 61 por lo cual cuando el capital humano medido por medio de los años de educación aumenta en un año, a su vez, el ingreso per cápita aumenta en 1351 dólares. Esto debido a que las variables presentan una relación positiva, crece el capital humano y de igual manera crece el ingreso per cápita. Por otro lado, la prueba de cointegración de Engel y Granger demostró que las variables no muestran una sincronización a largo plazo. Conclusiones La evolución de los diferentes indicadores de capital humano de la economía ecuatoriana en el periodo de estudio 1990-2020 permiten definir que todos los indicadores del capital humano en la economía de estudio han presentado mejoras significativas, esto sobre todo es visible en los años promedio de estudio de la población y el crecimiento de la fuerza laboral con una educación media o superior. Estas mejoras se han dado de manera gradual y progresiva respondiendo a las diversas estrategias de educación y capacitación que los distintos gobiernos han aplicado, pero sobre todo gracias a la propia iniciativa de las personas las cuales entiende que la educación es un elemento básico para determinar su futuro ingreso.
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Pivovarov, V. I., and V. V. Mazur. "Human capital." Izvestiya MGTU MAMI 7, no. 4-1 (February 20, 2013): 79–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/2074-0530-68057.

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DeMarco, T., and T. Lister. "Human capital." IEEE Software 15, no. 6 (1998): 103–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/52.730859.

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McDonough, Tom. "Human/Capital." October 153 (July 2015): 117–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/octo_a_00229.

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This essay inquires into the vexed place of labor in the work of Cindy Sherman. Noting the curious absence of images of workingwomen among the vast repertoire of feminine types featured in the artist's photographs, it turns to her oft-disparaged film Office Killer (1997) to consider the stakes of representing class and labor within the contemporary regime of neoliberalism. The lead character in this horror film is read as an exemplar of human capital, an “entrepreneur of the self,” and as such, an updated version of the vampire-like tendencies of capital already discussed by Marx a century ago. Moving away from the prevalent psychoanalytic discourse around Sherman's work, the essay attempts to root her production within the larger social relations of present-day labor.
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NICHOLS, RODNEY W. "Human Capital." Sciences 39, no. 6 (November 12, 1999): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.2326-1951.1999.tb03444.x.

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Nisbet, Peter. "Human capital vs social capital." International Journal of Social Economics 34, no. 8 (July 10, 2007): 525–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03068290710763044.

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Maune, Alexander. "Human capital intelligence and economic development." Problems and Perspectives in Management 14, no. 3 (September 27, 2016): 564–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.14(3-2).2016.13.

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This article explored human capital intelligence and economic development in Zimbabwe with some examples adopted from Israel and many other countries. A qualitative-exploratory literature review methodology was used for the purpose of this study because of its suitability. The primary concern of the author was to have and provide an in-depth analysis and understanding of the multiple realities and truths pertaining to human capital intelligence and economic development in Zimbabwe. An inductive approach was adopted for the purpose of this study. The findings of this article will make it possible to generalise the role of human capital intelligence towards economic development of a country and to develop some valuable propositions for future studies. The findings showed that human capital intelligence plays a critical role in economic development, through laying a foundation for economic development, attracting foreign direct investment, personal remittances, as well as attracting venture capitalists. Empirical evidence from countries such as Israel shows the criticality of human capital intelligence development to economic development of a nation. This article will assist business managers, societal leaders, policymakers, as well as governments to understand the criticality of human capital intelligence towards the development of a company, society and nation at large. This article has, therefore, academic, societal and business value. Keywords: Zimbabwe, economic development, human capital, intelligence, intellectual capital. JEL Classification: O1, J41, O34
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Human capital"

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Pasko, D. "Human capital." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2015. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/40418.

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Valdivia, Hevia Juan Pablo. "Human Core : reclutamiento y gestión del capital humano." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2015. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/137080.

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Tesis para optar al grado de Magíster en Administración
Juan Pablo Valdivia Hevia [Parte I Análisis estratégico y de mercado], Francisco González Reyes [Parte IIAnálisis organizativo-financiero]
Autores no envían autorizaciones para acceso a texto completo de su documento
El mercado del reclutamiento y selección de personal, está constituido hoy en día por 1470 empresas ubicadas en todo nuestro país, quienes prestan servicios principalmente a las grandes y medianas empresas, quienes cuentan con un total de 5.879.176 empleados. Considerando que la tasa de rotación en Chile es de aproximadamente un 23%1, existe un mercado potencial aproximado de 1.352.211 personas que cambian de trabajo de manera anual. El negocio consiste en cambiar la forma de buscar y seleccionar al nuevo capital humano dentro de una organización, esto mediante la creación de una plataforma web que permita selección (mediante medios tecnológicos de respaldo virtual, entrevista y video), verificar la información de los candidatos (en base a información pública vigente) y hacer un seguimiento de tres meses una vez contratado por la empresa, dentro de la organización. Esto permite tener un alto grado de diferenciación único y valorable a través del tiempo, no generando un contrato spot entre empresa- reclutador sino buscando una relación de confianza a lo largo del tiempo con nuestros clientes, No solo buscamos el postulante ideal para esa vacante en su organización, sino asumimos el desafío de involucrarnos desde el primer minuto con el problema general de insertar a ese valioso elemento dentro de su organización. La ventaja competitiva de diferenciación son la trazabilidad de la información, que permite a las empresas contar con un seguimiento y verificación de la información, tanto antes de la contratación, como en forma posterior; una disminución de los costos asociados a la rotación del personal, ya que la mejor información previa y el seguimiento de tres meses posterior a su contratación busca asegurar una adecuada adecuación al cargo y, por último, lograr un re fortalecimiento en la organización en los procesos de reclutamiento, selección y seguimiento, que fortalece las labores de los profesionales de la rama de Recursos Humanos. El modelo de negocio consiste en el posicionamiento de la empresa en el segmento de las grandes y medianas empresas, quienes realizan procesos externos de reclutamiento. Para ello, se les ofrece el servicio de una Plataforma web que les permite realizar los procesos de selección y seguimiento en línea. Como recursos claves del negocio, es posible identificar la plataforma digital y su servicio de soporte, así como la experiencia de nuestros profesionales miembros del equipo Human Core los cuales presentan la capacidad de buscar y seleccionar el postulante más adecuado al perfil solicitado, como también el levantar los obstáculos necesarios en el proceso de inducción para el nuevo recurso humano de la organización. Al ser una empresa orientada al ámbito del servicio general de reclutamiento, el monto total de inversiones es de $60.000.000, con un activo fijo es muy bajo, alcanzando los $10.146.000. Los costos fijos se explican principalmente por salarios y beneficios, gastos de administración, publicidad y marketing (93% del total, correspondiente a $84.840.000). En cuanto a los costos variables, éstos corresponden principalmente a los asociados a la verificación de antecedentes, Safe Chalenge y Bonos de cumplimiento anuales. De acuerdo a los indicadores de evaluación de proyecto (VAN, TIR, Payback, ROI), es posible determinar que el negocio resulta viable económicamente, considerando un horizonte de cinco años. Human Core busca dar un vuelco en los procesos de selección, reclutamiento y selección que compartimos a lo largo de este plan de negocios.
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Pérez, Reynosa Jessica Helen. "Essays on human capital." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/128945.

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El presente trabajo contiene tres ensayos sobre temas relacionados con el capital humano. El Capítulo 1examina empíricamente los determinantes de la descentralización del poder de toma de decisiones en las pequeñas y medianas empresas (PYMEs). El Capítulo 2usa un panel de países durante el periodo 1970-2004 para analizar la contribución de los líderes políticos en la mejora de la educación de los ciudadanos e investigar cómo se ve afectado el nivel educativo de la población cuando un líder con educación superior permanece en el poder. Por último, el Capítulo 3 evalúa el impacto de la duración de la educación primaria en la matrículaescolar, la deserción escolar y las tasas de graduación. El análisis se basa en un panel de datos para los países no miembros de la OCDE durante el período 1970-2012. Cada capítulo puede ser considerado independiente del resto.
This thesis includes three essays on topics related to human capital.Chapter 1examines empirically the determinants of delegation of decision-making in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). This chapter considers the human capital as an important factor which determines the allocation of decision rights within the firm. The last two chapters carry out an empirical analysis on the link between institutions, governance and education. In particular, Chapter 2 using a panel of countries covering the period 1970-2004, looks at the contribution of political leaders to enhance citizen’s educationand investigates how the educational attainment of the population is affected while a leader with higher education remains in office. Finally, Chapter 3analyzes the impact of duration of primary education on school enrollment, graduation and drop-outs rates. The empirical analysis draws upon a panel data for non-OECD countries covering the period 1970-2012.Each chapter can be considered independently of the rest
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Zwick, Thomas Alexander. "Unemployment and human capital." [Maastricht : Maastricht : Universiteit Maastricht] ; University Library, Maastricht University [Host], 1998. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=8401.

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Feng, Andy. "Essays on human capital." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2013. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/787/.

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This thesis entitled “Essays on Human Capital” is comprised of three essays on various aspects of human capital and its effects on firms and labor markets. Chapter 1 provides an overview. In Chapter 2 we estimate the effects of human capital on firm-level management practices. We adopt an instrumental variables strategy to overcome the potential endogeneity of human capital. Starting with data on management practices from the World Management Survey, we geocode the locations of more than 6,000 manufacturing plants in 19 countries. Then, we calculate driving times to universities in the World Higher Education Database. Using distance as an instrument for human capital, we estimate that every one standard deviation increase in the share of workers with a university degree leads to 0.5 of a standard deviation improvement in management. These findings are robust to a battery of checks and a placebo instrument using distances to world heritage sites. We show that both managers’ and non-managers’ human capital matter. In Chapter 3 we estimate the effects of university degree class on initial labor market outcomes. We employ a regression discontinuity design which utilizes university rules governing the award of degrees. We find sizeable and significant effects for Upper Second degrees and positive but smaller effects for First Class degrees on wages. A First Class is worth roughly 3 percent in starting wages which translates into $1,000 per annum. An Upper Second is worth more-7 percent in starting wages which is roughly $2,040. We interpret these results as the signaling effects of degree class and provide evidence consistent with this. Finally in Chapter 4 we study the labor market effects of increased automation. We build a model in which firms optimally design machines, train workers, and assign these factors to tasks. Borrowing concepts from computer science and robotics, the model features tasks which are difficult from an engineering perspective but easy for humans to carry out due to innate capacities for functions like vision, movement, and communication. In equilibrium, firms assign low-skill workers to such tasks. High skill workers have a comparative advantage in tasks which require much training and are difficult to automate. Workers in the middle of the skill distribution perform tasks of intermediate difficulty on both dimensions. When the cost of designing machines falls, firms adopt machines mainly in tasks that were previously performed by middle-skill workers. Occupations at both the bottom and the top of the wage distribution experience employment gains. The wage distribution becomes more dispersed near the top but compressed near the bottom. As design costs fall further, only the most skilled workers enjoy rising skill premiums, and an increasing fraction of the labor force is employed in jobs that require little or no training. The model’s implications are consistent with recent evidence of job polarization and a hollowing-out of the wage distribution. In addition, the model yields novel predictions about trends in occupational training requirements that are consistent with evidence we present.
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Carayol, Timothée. "Social capital, human capital, and labour market outcomes." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2011. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/414/.

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This thesis aims to document several aspects pertaining to the dynamics of human capital, both from a theoretical and an empirical viewpoint. Chapter 2 studies how informational flows arising from social connections can affect careers and promotions. It aims to achieve identification of this causal pathway by focusing on the careers of bishops in the Catholic church. The range of the data, both in time and in space, makes it possible to infer some types of social connections between bishops (based on geography and careers), which in turn allows for the identification of their effect on careers. I find that being connected to the relevant bishops has a positive and significant effect on the likelihood of promotion to a diocese. Chapter 3 investigates the transmission of human capital from one generation to the next. While the correlation of parents’ educational achievement with that of their children is strong and well documented, there is a scarcity of consensual evidence that this relationship has a causal nature. We use a French reform that increased the duration of compulsory schooling by two years as a natural experiment, providing exogenous variation in parental years of schooling, and study its effect on the children of the affected individuals. We find evidence of a strong effect of paternal education on the educational achievement of children. Research on employer learning has concentrated on contexts where there is uncertainty only on either the general or the match-specific human capital of the worker. Chapter 4 develops a model where general and specific human capital coexist, and the uncertainty is on their respective shares in total productivity. The model generates predictions on a number of dimensions, e.g. declining worker mobility with experience and increase in wage variance over the lifetime.
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Graca, Job. "Essays on capital market imperfections, human capital and growth." Thesis, University of Essex, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.242257.

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Babcock, Philip Scott. "Essays on human capital acquisition /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF formate. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3191989.

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Grané, Oscar. "Human Capital Values Among Entrepreneurs." Thesis, KTH, Affärsutveckling och Entreprenörskap, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-98052.

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Whenever someone starts a company from scratch there is a great chance he or she (the entrepreneur) looks for funding. People who fund entrepreneurs and start-­‐ups are usually venture capitalists or business angels. Whether it is one or the other these people want to invest wisely. However without last year’s report piling up at the reception of this start-­‐up another approach is necessary. This master thesis focuses on how valuation is possible without haveing financial data. The main focus the thesis is to find whitch personal attributes you should look for in a successful future entrepreneur.
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Dludlu, John. "Human capital and other stories." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/63121.

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My collection of short stories is set mostly in Gauteng and revolves around mainly the lives of the urban, black elite almost three decades after the first non‐racial elections in South Africa. It captures emerging trends and fault lines and enquires into whether South Africa can continue on a different path from that of the rest of the continent. Themes covered in the collection, which still espouses idealism, include the acquisition of power, status and money, the use and abuse of these, as well as the psychosocial effects of money on this group. My writing is inspired by the courageous, inventive and introspective writings of the Drum generation of writers William Bloke Modisane, Nat Nakasa and Can Themba, as well as the use of language and the experimental form of writing as embodied in the work of Lidia Yuknavitch to deal with similarly pressing social issues of the day.
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Books on the topic "Human capital"

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Hartog, Joop, and Henriëtte Maassen van den Brink, eds. Human Capital. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511493416.

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Amidon, Stephen. Human capital. New York: Farrar, Strauss and Giroux, 2004.

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Becker, Gary Stanley. Human capital. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2009.

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Amidon, Stephen. Human capital. Toronto: HarperCollins, 2004.

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Perrotta, Cosimo, Salvatore Rizzello, and Claudia Sunna. Human Capital. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-34494-7.

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Pease, Gene, Bonnie Beresford, and Lew Walker, eds. Developing Human Capital. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118911143.

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Kruppke, Helmut, Manfred Otto, and Maximilian Gontard, eds. Human Capital Management. Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-33299-5.

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Birri, Raimund. Human Capital Management. Wiesbaden: Gabler Verlag, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8349-4575-4.

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Birri, Raimund. Human Capital Management. Wiesbaden: Gabler, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8349-6789-3.

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Pease, Gene, Boyce Byerly, and Jac Fitz'enz, eds. Human Capital Analytics. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119205050.

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Book chapters on the topic "Human capital"

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Goldin, Claudia. "Human Capital." In Handbook of Cliometrics, 55–86. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40406-1_23.

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Sapsford, David, and Zafiris Tzannatos. "Human Capital." In The Economics of the Labour Market, 69–108. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-22825-6_4.

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Hadley, Elaine. "Human Capital." In From Political Economy to Economics through Nineteenth-Century Literature, 29–57. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-24158-2_2.

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Lassibille, Gérard, and Ma Lucía Navarro Gómez. "Human Capital." In Encyclopedia of Quality of Life and Well-Being Research, 2999–3002. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0753-5_1339.

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Johnes, Geraint. "Human Capital." In The Economics of Education, 5–26. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-23008-2_2.

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Paleri, Prabhakaran. "Capital Human." In Human Investment Management, 161–88. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6024-3_6.

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Watson, Richard Thomas. "Human Capital." In Management for Professionals, 131–46. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-9418-2_9.

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Goldin, Claudia. "Human Capital." In Handbook of Cliometrics, 1–27. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40458-0_23-1.

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Butler, Richard J. "Human Capital." In The Economics of Social Insurance and Employee Benefits, 55–80. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4927-7_4.

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King, Elizabeth M., and Dileni Gunewardena. "Human capital." In Human Capital and Gender Inequality in Middle-Income Countries, 160–208. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003171652-6.

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Conference papers on the topic "Human capital"

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Virsaladze, Naira, and Malvina Kipiani. "Modern Trends of Human Capital Formation." In Human Capital, Institutions, Economic Growth. Kutaisi University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.52244/c.2023.11.28.

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Human capital has undergone significant qualitative changes along with the development of society. Today, high-quality human capital is the most important and sought-after resource for economic growth and development. Knowledge, education, health care, quality of life and the role of leading specialists became the basis of sustainable development of the country. Since gaining independence and transitioning to a new economic system, the higher education system of our country is in the process of continuous reforms. It still needs significant changes to come closer to an internationally recognized grading system. It is most important for the country that young people receive education in accordance with international standards. In order to study the experience of advanced countries, students of higher educational institutions are sent to different countries of the world through exchange programs, which bring great experience to young people. Professional education is also of special importance for the development of human capital. It gives an opportunity to young people and people of any age to acquire a profession that will allow them to be quickly employed, get a job and contribute to the economic development of the country. The Covid-19 pandemic has brought to the fore an important workforce issue such as the shortage of skilled workers. The Georgian labor market cannot respond quickly and adequately to the professions and specialties in demand. There has not yet been a "reset" of teaching to prepare a skilled workforce with modern skills and habits. Higher education, vocational schools and their real employers still work separately. Unfortunately, the goals and objectives of both parties are often missed. Increasing the minimum score for admission to higher education programs through entrance exams is a serious consideration. The issue is directly related to the use of qualitative indicators of human capital. A specialist equipped with average knowledge finds it difficult to establish himself or cannot work in the profession. This is a serious problem and requires a timely review. It is known that the more money spent on higher education, the better the results in the national economy. An educated workforce yields better results. Keeping high-quality human capital and anchoring it in place requires no less care even after receiving proper education. Such specialists go abroad because of low pay. This process is called "intelligence drain", which is a very familiar process for Georgia. In terms of maximizing the use of human capital, in recent years, inclusive education has especially advanced. It has a double load. It can be said that the moral side is much more for this category of people, but from a pure economic point of view and from the interests of the country, it is no less important issue. Together with inclusive education, today a great role is assigned to the use of accumulated knowledge and experience of older people, professionalism. It is this category of people who create the "silver economy" .Their role is quite serious and important for the full-fledged economic development of the demographically aging society. Against the background of the development of modern technologies and the achievements of science, for the economic growth and development of the country, a completely new importance is assigned to the continuous development of human capital every day, both quantitatively and qualitatively. In accordance with the challenges of news, it is necessary to establish and consistently establish new and demand-related trends. Article in Georgian.
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Chichinadze, Boris. "Development Problems of Local Self-Governments in Modern Georgia." In Human Capital, Institutions, Economic Growth. Kutaisi University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.52244/c.2023.11.20.

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In accordance with the requirements of the "Local Self-Government Code", for the purpose of equal socio-economic development of the entire territory of the country, the relevant state authorities should establish relevant state standards and technical regulations in the field of self-governments' own and delegated powers. In local self-governments, the issue of budgetary independence and sustainable development of the municipal economy is even more difficult considering the Russia-Ukraine war and the unpredictable processes taking place in the world. Based on the current situation, local self-governments should develop an economic policy designed for internal and external risks. It is necessary to increase the competence of civil servants of local self-governments and accordingly to increase the share of local self-governments' own revenues in the total municipal budget. Local self-governments, in order to ensure the implementation of their powers, should support the local business sector as much as possible in order to additionally create new jobs. Local self-governments should develop such local development plans that take into account local capabilities as much as possible and ensure sustainable socio-economic development of citizens living in local self-governments. When drawing up local development plans, the experience of foreign developed countries and local self-governments should be used as much as possible. If necessary, local self-governments of Georgia should establish joint ventures with friendly foreign cities. Mutual sharing of experience and introduction of modern European innovations and innovations in local self-governments of Georgia should be done as much as possible. There are important measures to be taken in local self-governments, in the direction of reducing corruption, nepotism and shadow economy. One of the important problems in local self-governments is low competence of civil servants, lack of local initiatives, underestimation of successful civil servants. The created situation significantly worsens the quality of work of local self-governments and promotes the outflow of professional staff from local self-governments. The situation is further complicated by the fact that the demographic situation in the local governments (as well as in the whole country) has significantly deteriorated. If we do not confront the created situation with a sound and effective demographic policy, then the situation will become even more complicated in the near future, which may lead to a national catastrophe. The situation created in the world and in the region is very unusual, hence the socio-economic policy developed by the local self-governments is also unusual and should be calculated on external and internal risks. Article in Georgian.
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Vatcharadze, Aleksandre. "Dangerous Economic Growth and Green Hydrogen as a Safe Alternative." In Human Capital, Institutions, Economic Growth. Kutaisi University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.52244/c.2023.11.16.

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During recent decades, the world has experienced significant economic growth. Global gross domestic product (GDP) has grown from US$1.38 trillion in 1960 to US$101 trillion in 2022; an increase of about 74 times. However, this great economic growth has led to massive environmental pollution. In 2020, global CO2 emissions reached 34 billion tons, which is 17 times higher than the same figure in 1900. The emission of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the world is increasing at such a rate that without intervention it will increase the temperature of the earth by several degrees. Global warming will hinder economic development and increase costs. To combat this problem, many countries are trying to replace traditional fossil energies with renewable alternatives. Of particular note is the world's recent interest in green hydrogen. The current interest is due to the possibility of efficient long-term energy storage. This fact adds additional importance to such renewable energy sources as: wind, solar and hydro (without reservoir) energies; One of the main disadvantages of which is "seasonality" and inability of production according to demand. Article in Georgian.
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Dzidziguri, Natalia. "Delegated Functions of Municipalities and Mechanisms for Their Implementation as an Important Element of Institutional Development (Using the Example of Adjara)." In Human Capital, Institutions, Economic Growth. Kutaisi University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.52244/c.2023.11.17.

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Local government must be ready to perform more functions with proper funding, in order to carry out effective management in the presence of a qualified government mechanism. The municipality must use all resources to increase its own income and, ultimately, position itself at the appropriate level in relations with the authorities. Georgia has the potential to develop modern, inclusive, transparent and citizen-focused local government. It is advisable to optimize the work of organizations created by the municipality and rationally manage budget funds. Increasing the economic efficiency of delegated authority is the cornerstone of successful public administration. Article in Georgian.
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Tutberidze, Gocha, and Gocha Ugulava. "Challenges and New Approaches to Measuring Human Capital." In Human Capital, Institutions, Economic Growth. Kutaisi University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.52244/c.2023.11.1.

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Human capital development is a product of complex and long-term integration of economic and social processes. Despite the variety of approaches in the economic literature regarding the processes of formation and use of human capital, the theoretical-methodological approaches used in the analysis of its impact on economic growth are imperfect, have many shortcomings, the obtained theoretical conclusions are not unequivocally supported by empirical data. In this regard, one of the most important problems of economic science is the development of theoretical and methodological approaches to analyze the mechanisms of influence of human capital. There is a need to develop and justify approaches to measuring and quantifying human capital. The work broadly reviews the evolution of the concept of human capital in the history of economic thought, analyzes in detail the difficulties associated with the measurement and accounting of human capital, shows in modern conditions, in practice, what methods are implemented to calculate it. As a result of research, a theoretical model has been developed, its assumptions have been determined. Instead of traditional methodological methods, the research methodology assumes the use of inductive, data-driven approach. Issues of variable specification are justified. Accents are concentrated on the qualitative indicators of the development of education and science. Dimensionality reduction machine learning algorithms and techniques, strengths and weaknesses of each approach are discussed to calculate their aggregated single rate. As a result of the analysis, specific methods are selected and the conditions and limits of their use are given. One of the obstacles to the practical implementation of the existing approach is the availability of the necessary data, depending on the countries and periods under study. Overcoming the mentioned problem consists in obtaining and replacing data with similar content, transforming and modifying similar data, or using them in a synthetic-analytical way or using other statistical methods. The presented methodology is general and thus allows for this. At the next stage of the research, the practical approbation of the presented approach is provided - the calculation of human capital indicators, the analysis of their relative and dynamic changes over time, the establishment of interrelationships with the indicators of institutional development and economic growth. Article in Georgian.
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Julakidze, Emzar, and Shalva Julakidze. "Modern Challenge of Successful Management – Caring for Stuff Development." In Human Capital, Institutions, Economic Growth. Kutaisi University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.52244/c.2023.11.19.

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Despite technological revolution, highly developed staff was, is, and will always be unchanged factor of an organizational success. However, from the two main practices of advancing the staff, the way, which considers educating the workforce, is, undeniably, the better tactic. Here comes the question – what does developing the staff mean? In our opinion, it means, firstly, improving competence and establishing healthy corporation culture in the organization, since the personal more qualified than competitors and the aptitude to use their abilities efficiently is the most important prerequisite of developing a successful strategy. Nevertheless, burgeoning the manpower, It is clear, that creating key components is not easy. It is not buyable, which makes the situation way more complicated. Even coping the successful companies does not give a result. It must be created in the company and developed there too. Visibly, Corporate culture combined with strategy is a powerful weapon in the process of success. Therefore, in case of not quitting caring for staff and nonstop development of the company’s competence by management, we believe it is reasonable to generate the following priorities in the organizational structure which we can name as “strategic competences” and “strategic culture”. In our opinion, without those the long-term development of the company is impossible. Creating those kinds of structures will accumulate important knowledge in the direction assigned to them, which has crucial meaning for development of the company nowadays. Article in Georgian.
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Shavianidze, David, and George Gavtadze. "Some Issues of Ethno-Economics." In Human Capital, Institutions, Economic Growth. Kutaisi University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.52244/c.2023.11.21.

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In the paper, based on a complex analysis of ethnographic materials, interesting issues of ethno-economics are discussed. In particular: The reasons for the beginning of the process of emptying rural settlements, which is still ongoing, but originates from the last quarter of the 19th century; the consequences of rejecting the willing rule of standing next to each other in labor-activity; Integrating modern means of ennobling personal economic and social status ("living affordably") into everyday life. The following are the reasons for the emptying of the countryside and the abolition of traditional farming: Neglecting traditional, time-tested approaches to "people's life", farm management; Abolition of traditional local community governance, for example, replacement of the "Makhvshi" institution with "trickster-savvy, salaried" administrators; The gradual replacement of unity, work for each other with the approach "to be mine". We mean that on the way to economic security, the "rule of unselflfishness help" was forgotten. "Legally recognized" binding relationships that did not take into account human capacity. Replacing the faith-boosting "begar" with "an inappropriate natural tax imposed on you by law"; Forgetting the habit of asking God for "provided happiness". It is revealed that before the government launched various economic programs to raise social welfare, the individual and the community themselves were oriented to get a better life and distribute the "benefit" to their family and external needs. On the basis of complex research, the historical meaning of the terms: "Scream", "Bad Monday", "Letting go" and "Peace", "Begara" is revealed; Also, the name of a better economic condition obtained by "faithful and calculated work" - "comparatively better being". Article in Georgian.
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Nutsubidze, Tamila. "The Impact of the Development of Funded Pensions on Retirement Policy in Georgia." In Human Capital, Institutions, Economic Growth. Kutaisi University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.52244/c.2023.11.14.

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The implementation of mandatory and voluntary funded pension schemes contributes to the development of long-term investment opportunities and savings in Georgia to ensure the financial security of workers at retirement age. In the long term, the development of the above-mentioned funded pension schemes is likely to influence the state's pension policy. The role of state involvement in social policy and its social spending may change in line with demographic trends. Article in Georgian.
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Kintsurashvili, Irakli, and Shura Ukleba. "Hardware Marketing Network Store Strategies on the Example of Megatechnique." In Human Capital, Institutions, Economic Growth. Kutaisi University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.52244/c.2023.11.29.

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In the work, the special attention is paid on one of the solid companies in Georgia “Mega technique” store network, which succeeded greatly using modern technologies of marketing and management. It is one of the first companies on the market of household goods. The purpose of this research is to discuss every step, used marketing strategies and hardness the coped with. It is emphasized that for the country’s economical development, companies should do their best to provide consumers with wide range of household technologies. It’s clear that the customer, who purchases goods in this network with some discount, will repeatedly visit this store and buy something different next time. Thus they become their permanent clients. In this work it’s highlighted how this company succeeded using modern system of management. This means, training the staff and system of salary payment, we should pay attention to the card system. that means a discount in the whole country. Mega technique was the first to offer online purchase and online 0% postponement that was approved widely by the customers. There are some demands to purchase good with preferences, though there exist well-known brands that customers will buy without hesitation There are also processed some recommendations and statements. If this company foresees them, it can increase the size of selling and expand the network of this store on the market. Article in Georgian.
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Dzadzua, Malkhaz. "Human Capital Index - Why Should Governments and Employers Take It Seriously?" In Human Capital, Institutions, Economic Growth. Kutaisi University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.52244/c.2023.11.9.

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The purpose of this paper is to provide an analysis of the importance of Human Capital Index for the socio-economic condition of a country, and why governments and private institutions should closely monitor and follow these factors using the example of Georgia. According to the World Bank, Human capital consists of the knowledge, skills and health that people invest in and accumulate throughout their lives, enabling them to realize their potential as productive members of society. Besides the fact that investments in financial assets and physical capital traditionally dominates in economic relations, human capital still plays an important role in ensuring economic growth, productivity and innovation. The Human Capital Index (HCI) was launched by the World Bank in 2018 as a measurement of economic success. The index ranks member countries according to outcomes they achieve in health and education, and highlights how this progress can help improve the productivity of the new generation of workforces. According to HCI 2020 report, nearly 60% of children born today would be just half as productive as they would have been with full education and healthcare. This reflects a serious crisis in human capital especially in developing countries, with major implications for economic growth and the global effort to end extreme poverty by 2030. The government must ensure that all children receive a comprehensive package of education and healthcare services during critical periods of childhood to achieve their full potential. Policymakers must ensure that youth are well prepared to enter the labor market as healthy, skilled and productive adults, and are able to acquire necessary knowledge and professional competencies.
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Reports on the topic "Human capital"

1

Heckman, James, and Pedro Carneiro. Human Capital Policy. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, February 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w9495.

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Dinerstein, Michael, Rigissa Megalokonomou, and Constantine Yannelis. Human Capital Depreciation. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w27925.

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Abraham, Katharine, and Justine Mallatt. Measuring Human Capital. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w30136.

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Berk, Jonathan, Richard Stanton, and Josef Zechner. Human Capital, Bankruptcy and Capital Structure. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, April 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w13014.

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Mulligan, Casey, and Xavier Sala-i-Martin. Measuring Aggregate Human Capital. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, February 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w5016.

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Kochan, Thomas A. America's Human Capital Paradox. W.E. Upjohn Institute, March 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.17848/wp12-180.

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Ebrahimian, Mehran, and Jessica Wachter. Risks to Human Capital. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, March 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w26823.

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Li, Haizheng, Barbara Fraumeni, Zhiqiang Liu, and Xiaojun Wang. Human Capital In China. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, November 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w15500.

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Berk, Jonathan, and Johan Walden. Limited Capital Market Participation and Human Capital Risk. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, January 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w15709.

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Zobena, Aija, ed. Latvia. Human Development Report 2006/2007. Human Capital. LU Sociālo un politisko pētījumu institūts, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.22364/lvhdr.2006.2007.

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