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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Human animal relationships

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Academic literature on the topic 'Human animal relationships'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 31 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Human animal relationships"

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Prato-Previde, Emanuela, Elisa Basso Ricci, and Elisa Silvia Colombo. "The Complexity of the Human–Animal Bond: Empathy, Attachment and Anthropomorphism in Human–Animal Relationships and Animal Hoarding." Animals 12, no. 20 (October 19, 2022): 2835. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12202835.

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The human–animal relationship is ancient, complex and multifaceted. It may have either positive effects on humans and animals or poor or even negative and detrimental effects on animals or both humans and animals. A large body of literature has investigated the beneficial effects of this relationship in which both human and animals appear to gain physical and psychological benefits from living together in a reciprocated interaction. However, analyzing the literature with a different perspective it clearly emerges that not rarely are human–animal relationships characterized by different forms and levels of discomfort and suffering for animals and, in some cases, also for people. The negative physical and psychological consequences on animals’ well-being may be very nuanced and concealed, but there are situations in which the negative consequences are clear and striking, as in the case of animal violence, abuse or neglect. Empathy, attachment and anthropomorphism are human psychological mechanisms that are considered relevant for positive and healthy relationships with animals, but when dysfunctional or pathological determine physical or psychological suffering, or both, in animals as occurs in animal hoarding. The current work reviews some of the literature on the multifaceted nature of the human–animal relationship; describes the key role of empathy, attachment and anthropomorphism in human–animal relationships; seeks to depict how these psychological processes are distorted and dysfunctional in animal hoarding, with highly detrimental effects on both animal and human well-being.

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Reisbig, Allison M. J., McArthur Hafen, Adryanna A. Siqueira Drake, Destiny Girard, and Zachary B. Breunig. "Companion Animal Death." OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 75, no. 2 (May 10, 2017): 124–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0030222815612607.

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Human–animal relationships are increasingly incorporated into families as a normal part of family life. Despite this, relationships with animals are often viewed as inferior to human relationships. This becomes problematic during times of loss and grief when members of a grieving companion animal owner's support system do not understand the salience of the relationship with the animal. Veterinary and other helping professionals need basic information about the experience of companion animal loss in order to help support and normalize the experiences of grieving companion animal owners. The present study qualitatively describes human–animal relationships and the subsequent loss and coping experienced by owners of beloved companion animals. Comparison with human and other types of loss and factors unique to companion animal loss are discussed, and practical applications for veterinary and other helping professionals are provided.

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Antonites, A., and J. S. J. Odendaal. "Ethics in Human-Animal Relationships." Acta Veterinaria Brno 73, no. 4 (2004): 539–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2754/avb200473040539.

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Krause-Parello, Cheryl A. "Human-Animal Connections and Nursing Science: What Is the Relationship?" Nursing Science Quarterly 31, no. 3 (June 19, 2018): 239–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0894318418774901.

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Human-animal relationships have been documented for centuries. Animals are used for many purposes, such as enhancing human health, wellness, and companionship, to name a few. The human-animal relationship is different for every person and requires a holistic perspective. Nurses are interested in relationships that are caring, natural, and therapeutic. Research supports the profound and multifaceted health benefits of the human-animal bond. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the relationship between the human-animal connection and nursing science.

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Marder, Amy R., and Laura R. Marder. "Human-Companion Animal Relationships and Animal Behavior Problems." Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice 15, no. 2 (March 1985): 411–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0195-5616(85)50313-7.

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Rowan, Andrew N. "Human-Animal Relationships: Symbol and Culture." Anthrozoös 8, no. 2 (June 1995): 67–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2752/089279395787156392.

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Clark, Ann K. "Animal Pragmatism: Rethinking Human-Nonhuman Relationships." Journal of Speculative Philosophy 20, no. 1 (January 1, 2006): 56–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/25670595.

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Scheel, David. "Octopuses in wild and domestic relationships." Social Science Information 57, no. 3 (July 4, 2018): 403–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0539018418785485.

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People commonly interact with terrestrial domestic animals, such as dogs and cats, horses, cattle and goats, and birds. Thereby individuals of different species form animal–human bonds. We are now forming relationships with ocean animals in increasingly common ways through growing human populations, advances in technology such as SCUBA, ocean mapping, underwater instrumentation and advances in aquatic animal husbandry. Octopuses and humans share quite distant evolutionary ties and yet share aspects of sensory ability and intelligence. Octopuses thereby pose interesting challenges and conundrums for understanding animal–human relationships. I consider several reasons to expect that the evolution of octopuses, and of animal cognition generally among active and visually sophisticated animals, will favour traits that support relationships between individuals. The evolutionary outcome of animals capable of forming inter-individual relationships may thus be expected in any evolving biota with organisms of this kind. This article explores the ability of ocean and terrestrial animals to relate to one another in ways that are reciprocal, if not equally balanced, and illustrates this with the examples of octopuses.

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Menna, Lucia Francesca, Antonio Santaniello, Margherita Todisco, Alessia Amato, Luca Borrelli, Cristiano Scandurra, and Alessandro Fioretti. "The Human–Animal Relationship as the Focus of Animal-Assisted Interventions: A One Health Approach." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 19 (September 29, 2019): 3660. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16193660.

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Background: Animal-assisted intervention (AAIs) represent an adequate expression of integrated medicine, according to the One Health approach. We argue that AAIs are interventions based on interspecific relationships between humans and animals. Although there are many studies on the effects of AAIs on animal and human health and wellbeing, research is still needed to give us more data. For example, information is still lacking on the aspects characterizing and influencing the interspecific relationships occurring in AAIs. The efficacy of an intervention based on interspecific relationships will be influenced by different factors, such as attachment styles and personalities of both the animal and the handler, an appropriate choice of animal species and their individuality, animal educational training techniques, the relationship between the handler and the animal, and relational reciprocity between animal, the patients, and members of the working team. Method: This article aims to contribute to the study of interspecific relationships in AAIs via theoretical considerations. An interspecific relationship determines the result of safe interventions, which directly influences the welfare of the animal. Results and considerations: AAIs should be evaluated systemically as a network within a process in which every component interacts with and influences other components. Standardized methods using appropriate tests and parameters are needed to better select appropriate animals (i.e., species and individual subjects) using interspecific relational competences as well as appropriate educational training methods and health protocols to assess potential risks.

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Lowe, Brian M. "Confronting Animal Abuse: Law, Criminology, and Human-Animal Relationships." Contemporary Sociology: A Journal of Reviews 39, no. 4 (July 2010): 420–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0094306110373238b.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Human animal relationships"

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George, Kelly Ann. "Human-Animal Relationships: Exploring human concern for animals." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1479703600182288.

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Du, Toit Jessica Anne. "Human-animal relationships." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14144.

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The overwhelming majority of philosophical discussions about the relationships between humans and animals concern the human use and treatment of animals in contexts such as those of food production, scientific experimentation, and pet-keeping. By contrast, the kinds of affective bonds that do - or might conceivably - occur between humans and animals, have received very little philosophical attention. In this dissertation, my main, but not exclusive, concern is with the latter issue. More specifically, I am primarily concerned with the question of whether human-animal relationships can be meaningful. Because pet animals are the clearest candidates for meaningful relationships with us, they will be the focus of my discussion. I argue that at least some human-pet relationships can be meaningful, even if they are not among the most meaningful relationships in our lives. Thereafter, I shall turn to one question about the treatment and use of animals on which the earlier question bears, namely the question of whether the practice of having pets is permissible.

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Corapi, Wayne Victor. "Every living thing a theological justification for the promotion of animal welfare /." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2000. http://www.tren.com.

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Trajbar, Kim Anastasia. "Pet relationships: human versus animal attachment." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2010. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/1510.

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This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucf.edu/Systems/DigitalInitiatives/DigitalCollections/InternetDistributionConsentAgreementForm.pdf You may also contact the project coordinator, Kerri Bottorff, at kerri.bottorff@ucf.edu for more information.
Bachelors
Sciences
Psychology

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Fidler, Margaret. "Human-animal relationships : perception, attitudes and ethics." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.395880.

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Odendaal, Johannes. "A physiological basis for animal-facilitated psychotherapy." Pretoria : [s.n.], 1999. http://explore.up.ac.za/record=b1414210.

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Howard, Darren Phillip. "Imperial animals romanticism and the politicized animal /." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1495946181&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Sharpe, Lynne. "Creatures like us?" Thesis, University of Wales Trinity Saint David, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.683188.

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Hawkins, Roxanne D. "Psychological factors underpinning child-animal relationships and preventing animal cruelty." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/31500.

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Despite a growing increase in popularity of human-animal interaction research, there remains a lack of understanding of the reasons why children are cruel to animals and whether early intervention is effective in preventing cruelty and neglect. The aims of this thesis were to deepen our understanding of the psychology of child-animal interactions, and to test whether targeted educational interventions improve the mechanisms which underlie these interactions. A review of the literature found that current research is heavily biased towards the positive impact of animals, identifying a need for more research into the complex web of psychological factors that impact these relationships. The systematic review included in this thesis provides the first narrative meta-synthesis of empirical research on the psychological risk factors for childhood animal cruelty and highlights a decrease in publications over more recent years, as well as a lack of high quality research. Studies have largely overlooked the fact that most cruelty in childhood is unmotivated and accidental and so further research is essential to understand how to prevent different types of childhood animal cruelty. Three studies investigated the fundamental mechanisms that underlie child-animal interactions, focusing on attachment to pets, beliefs about animal minds, and attitudes towards animal cruelty. These studies highlighted the importance of teaching children about animal sentience through education, and that educational interventions should focus on preventing unmotivated cruelty and neglect in the general population. Animal welfare education aims to promote positive relationships between children and animals, thus preventing cruelty. However, few scientific evaluations of these programs exist. This thesis evaluates a cruelty prevention education programme, 'Prevention through Education', developed by the Scottish Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. Knowledge, attachment to pets, attitudes towards animals, attitudes towards animal cruelty, compassion towards animals, reported humane behaviour, and beliefs about animal minds were assessed at pre-test, post-test, and delayed post-test using a self-report questionnaire, comparing test schools to control schools. The questionnaire was administered to 1,217 Scottish children aged 6 to 13 years. The results found that cognitive factors were influenced by the intervention, but affective factors were more resistant to change. A novel cruelty prevention iPad game that was theoretically driven and evidence based, was designed, developed and evaluated. The evaluation involved a pre-test, post-test, test-control design using a self-report questionnaire with 184 primary-school children in Scotland, UK. The results indicated a positive impact of the game on increasing knowledge about animal welfare needs and appropriate and safe behaviour towards pets, increasing children's beliefs about pet minds, and decreasing acceptance of cruelty to pets. The intervention had no impact on compassion. This study demonstrates the potential of developing interactive iPad games to promote cognitive dimensions of positive child-animal interactions. This thesis highlights the importance of evidence-based animal welfare education for early prevention of animal cruelty, and the potential of computer game-based learning to promote positive child-animal interactions. This thesis further addresses major gaps in psychological research and deepens our understanding of how to prevent animal cruelty and neglect. The findings have implications for practice and policy and will impact upon the educational strategies of organisations wishing to develop early prevention strategies.

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Badenhorst, Estelle. "A systematic review of the effectiveness of animal-assisted interventions." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1021139.

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There is a global increase in research on the benefits of animals and the value of incorporating them into interventional practices. This is referred to as animal-assisted interventions. Due to the novelty of this type of intervention and the accompanying complexity of variables, a need exists to explore the various aspects within these interventions. Looking specifically at animal-assisted interventions within the mental health field, this study focuses on the psycho-therapeutic value of companion animals, such as dogs and cats. The primary aim of this study was to identify the mechanisms through which an animal-assisted intervention exerts its influence. A secondary aim was to indentify salient methodological aspects within the included studies. A systematic review of existing literature was undertaken to explore these factors. Each study was appraised against specific inclusion and exclusion criteria and themes were extracted. The data was synthesised, integrated and discussed in relation to previously conducted studies in relevant fields. Six themes emerged from the systematic review. These included enhanced comfort, the living nature of animals, physical contact, adjunctive nature, an affinity for animals, as well as methodological considerations. Based on these emergent themes conclusions were drawn as to the psycho-therapeutic influences of companion animals. This may serve as informative knowledge regarding animal-assisted interventions for practitioners seeking additional methods to reach treatment goals. Information is also provided for researchers interested in the field, particularly methodological considerations, before embarking on a study of animal-assisted intervention efficacy.

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Books on the topic "Human animal relationships"

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Brakhage, Axel A., and Peter F. Zipfel, eds. Human and Animal Relationships. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-79307-6.

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Howard, Dexter H., and J. David Miller, eds. Human and Animal Relationships. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-10373-9.

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A, Brakhage Axel, and Zipfel Peter F, eds. Human and animal relationships. 2nd ed. Berlin: Springer, 2008.

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Vitale, Augusto, and Simone Pollo, eds. Human/Animal Relationships in Transformation. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-85277-1.

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Brightman, Robert Alain. Grateful prey: Rock Cree human-animal relationships. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1993.

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Margo, DeMello, ed. Human-animal studies: A bibliography. New York: Lantern Books, 2010.

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Pak, Sun-gu. Hyumŏ+nimŏl: Human animal. Sŏul-si: Hwangmae, 2005.

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Segerdahl, Pär. Undisciplined animals: Invitations to animal studies. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Pub., 2011.

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Tinti, Hannah. Animal crackers. New York: Dial Press, 2004.

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DeMello, Margo. Teaching the animal: Human-animal studies across the disciplines. New York: Lantern Books, 2010.

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Book chapters on the topic "Human animal relationships"

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Albright, Jack L. "Human/Farm Animal Relationships." In Advances in Animal Welfare Science 1986/87, 51–66. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3331-6_5.

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Cutler, J. E., and Y. Han. "Fungal Factors Implicated in Pathogenesis." In Human and Animal Relationships, 3–29. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-10373-9_1.

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Riley, R. T., and W. P. Norred. "Mechanisms of Mycotoxicity." In Human and Animal Relationships, 193–211. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-10373-9_10.

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Wild, C. P., and A. J. Hall. "Epidemiology of Mycotoxin-Related Disease." In Human and Animal Relationships, 213–27. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-10373-9_11.

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Wieland, T. "Toxins and Psychoactive Compounds from Mushrooms." In Human and Animal Relationships, 229–48. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-10373-9_12.

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Lehmann, P. F. "Veterinary Mycology." In Human and Animal Relationships, 251–63. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-10373-9_13.

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Theodorou, M. K., W. Y. Zhu, A. Rickers, B. B. Nielsen, K. Gull, and A. P. J. Trinci. "Biochemistry and Ecology of Anaerobic Fungi." In Human and Animal Relationships, 265–95. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-10373-9_14.

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Rand, T. G. "Fungal Diseases of Fish and Shellfish." In Human and Animal Relationships, 297–313. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-10373-9_15.

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Lichtwardt, R. W. "Trichomycetes and the Arthropod Gut." In Human and Animal Relationships, 315–30. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-10373-9_16.

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Khachatourians, G. G. "Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Entomopathogenic Fungi." In Human and Animal Relationships, 331–63. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-10373-9_17.

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Conference papers on the topic "Human animal relationships"

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Lum, Heather. "Human-Animal Teaming as a Model for Human-AI-Robot Teaming: Advantages and Challenges." In AHFE 2023 Hawaii Edition. AHFE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1004183.

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Humans and animals have co-evolved for millions of years. The animal connection began with the exploitation and observation of animals by humans. Over time, regular social interactions were incorporated into the animal connection. This connection has also allowed us to utilize humans to help support and augment our skills and abilities; physically, emotionally, and cognitively. Of course, this relationship has changed over time as our connection and understanding of these animals’ capabilities has evolved as well as through the co-evolution of our species. At the same time, the future of human-autonomy teams shows a strong trend toward incorporating features to allow the human to engage with their robotic counterparts in a more natural way. Norman (2004) suggests that “products and systems that make you feel good are easier to deal with.” As the interfaces of robots, computers, and inanimate objects are designed to be more “intelligent,” humans may adapt the way they interact with, communicate, and think about such technology, treating objects more like humans. Humans (and many other animals) display a remarkably flexible and rich array of social competencies, demonstrating the ability to interpret, predict, and react appropriately to the behavior of others, as well as to engage others in a variety of complex social interactions. Developing computational systems that have these same sorts of social abilities is a critical step in designing robots, animated characters, and other computer agents that appear intelligent and capable in their interactions with humans (and each other), that can cooperate with people as capable partners, that are able to learn from natural human instruction, and that are intuitive and engaging for humans to interact with. Yet, today, many current technologies (animated agents, computers, etc.) interact with us in a manner characteristic of socially impaired people. In the best cases they know what to do, but often lack the social intelligence to do it in a socially appropriate manner. As a result, they frustrate us, and we quickly dismiss them even though they can be useful. It may instead be more useful to look at how humans interact and work with their animal counterparts. Like anthropomorphism, zoomorphism centers on attributing qualities to non-sentient beings; but in this case; it focuses on animal-like characteristics (Karanika & Hogg, 2020). In many contexts, teams are capable of solving complex problems well beyond the capacity of any one individual team member (Salas, Rosen, Burke, & Goodwin, 2009). However, not all teams are successful, and failures often come at a high cost. Why this is important is that humans often do not ascribe the same intelligence, consciousness, or abilities to animals as they do to humans and therefore may be less apt to get frustrated when it does not perform as expected. Also, understanding what different strengths and weaknesses each team member possesses will ultimately allow that team to be more successful. While animal-inspired designs have aided in improved robotic movement and manipulation, we maintain that design inspired by human-animal teaming can provide similar gains in robotic development, especially as it concerns improved human-robot interaction and teaming. As most people have far more experience interacting with animals than with robots, they are generally more able to recognize limitations in an animal’s ability to complete a task (Phillips, Ososky, Swigert, & Jentsch, 2012). In consequence, robotic designs inspired by human-animal relationships can lead to faster acceptance while fostering more effective interactions between humans and robots, as humans tap into well-established mental models, promote better understanding of near-future robots, and thus appropriately calibrate trust in near-future robotic teammates.

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Pattin, Cheryl A., and Ralph L. Barnett. "Friction-Related Aspects of Human Pushing." In ASME 2001 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2001/sera-24012.

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Abstract Human pushing capability affects performance in the areas of crowd and animal control, the security of locked doors and railings, the removal of tree stumps and entrenched vehicles, the maneuvering of furniture, and in athletic pursuits such as football or wrestling. Pushing capability is a function of both individual characteristics (e.g., muscular strength, body weight, and the distribution of that weight) and attributes of the pushing task itself (e.g., footwear/floor and torso/object friction). Mathematical relationships among these factors are developed. Using these relationships, the maximum push that can be generated without slip were calculated for the following two conditions: (1) LEAN only, with the torso about to slip down the pushed object and feet about to slip along the floor and (2) PUSH along the body contact line with the torso about to slip up the pushed object and the feet about to slip along the floor.

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Leonor, Ana, and Madeira Rodrigues. "Drawing as a Periphery in Architectural Learning." In 1995 ACSA International Conference. ACSA Press, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.intl.1995.35.

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The conquest of a dominant place over the members of the same race, with the result of using the power such a place allows and having the acceptance of the other members for being the leaders is a characteristic of the adult relationship between almost all animal species. The former time of childhood was dedicated to the imitation of the adults and to the experimenting of behaviors, or, in other words, learning and playing. Humberto Maturama believes that humans are, in behavioral tenns, an exception, as the time of childhood is extended throughout most adult life, which defines us humans as a neotenic race, and with the use of other behaviors, we have transformed what is the usual master/slave relation of adult members from other races. Like this, the family in the way we live it, becomes a human-invented structure that implies relationships between its members which are bounded by mutual trust and love. Mutatis mutandis we spend our life repeating relationships that use the same pattern. In this way, love would be the main engine of evolution and also our greatest invention.

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Wilson, Sara E. "Teaching Responsible Conduct of Research and Engineering to Bioengineering Graduate Students." In ASME 2008 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2008-189865.

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Training in the responsible conduct of research (RCR) has become an increasing concern of federal funding agencies such as NIH and NSF. In 2000, the Office of Research Integrity published the policy of instruction in responsible conduct of research for NIH funded research. This policy mandates that all research staff participate in RCR instruction. In 2007, the COMPETES Act was signed by President Bush mandating RCR instruction of all NSF-funded undergraduate students, graduate students, and post-doctoral researchers. Such training can and does take many forms, from online tutorials and study guides to seminar series to semester long classes. Core instructional areas in such training include appropriate data management, mentor-trainee relationships, publication practices and authorship, peer review, human and animal subjects and conflict of interest.

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Мychka, Mariia-Roksoliana, and Mariana Shkoliar. "Sociological discourse of the domestic animals status transformation in the human-animal relations." In Sociology – Social Work and Social Welfare: Regulation of Social Problems. Видавець ФОП Марченко Т.В., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/sosrsw2023.063.

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Background: The topic of human-animal relationship has been gaining more and more popularity in recent years in the Western scientific discourse, but there are not so many studies and scientific works.You can find only isolated works and empirical investigations on this topic in the Ukrainian scientific space, although the role that pets play in the life of a modern person is quite important. Purpose: justification of modern trends in human-animal relations through the prism of sociology. Methods: the methods of analysis, synthesis, systematization and generalization were the main ones in the work with the primary sources on the topic of the publication, which made it possible to determine the features of various approaches to the study of important aspects of the human – domestic animal relationship. The method of secondary analysis of sociological research made it possible to reveal the current situation regarding the practices of interaction between people and domestic animals. Results: Current aspects of the study of the pet`s role in people's lives have been clarified. The evolution of a person's attitude towards an animal in a historical-cultural section from an object (utilitarian attitude) to a subject, a partner in interaction (animal-companion, animal-friend, animal-child, etc.) is considered. The mechanism of changing the status of a domestic animal through the prism of the phenomenological paradigm is substantiated: the attitude towards animals depends on the framework of perception of their status and essence, which can be the values, norms and rules adopted in society or in a certain environment in a certain period. The factors that contributed to the change of the specified norms and rules of interaction were identified, including: the spread of humanism and posthumanism values, urbanization, the tendency to anthropomorphize animals, etc., The methodological foundations of B. Latour's actor-network theory were used to explain the subjectivity status of domestic animals. According to it, things (in our case, animals) are not only passive agents of interaction, not only exposed to the influence of a person, but also exert an influence on him. This means, that they are partners in a network of interactions. The process of domestic animals status transformation is illustrated on the basis of the social construction stages of reality by P. Berger and T. Luсkmann. Social, racial, and demographic characteristics of social practices related to pets are explored. Conclusion: The topic of interaction between domestic animals and people is not sufficiently disclosed in the sociological discourse, since interest in it began quite recently. Scientists were motivated to intensify research on this topic by changes in the attitude towards the animals that live nearby. From consumerism to partnership. This led to a change in the utilitarian value of animals, which began to be determined by feelings and emotions. This situation became possible as a result of the transformations of the value dimension of society, the spread of the philosophy of animals treatment, the principles of posthumanism. As well as the aggravation of the modern person needs to interact with animals, experience "live", real emotions and feelings (love , affection, devotion, etc.) in the world of technologies and rational relations. Keywords: sociology, pet, pets` status transformation, subjectivity of pets.

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Dawson, Jeffrey. "Training statistics graduate students in ethics, reproducible research, and other best practices." In Teaching Statistics in a Data Rich World. International Association for Statistical Education, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.52041/srap.17502.

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Graduate students in many fields are required to receive formal training in scholarly integrity. Some institutions offer general courses to address this need, but statistics students may benefit from training more specific to the discipline. We have developed a “Scholarly Integrity in Biostatistics” course, which addresses the competencies mandated by several U.S. funding agencies, while emphasizing the key roles that statisticians have in collaborative research. The course meets one hour per week, and its topics include student/mentor relationships, communication skills, gender bias, conflict resolution, authorship, human and animal subjects’ issues, statistical review of manuscripts, plagiarism, copyright laws, conflicts of interest and commitment, reproducible research, and publication bias. Course credit and grades are based on attendance, class participation, short writing assignments, and a term project. The course has been offered four times, and has been received favorably by the students and by the administration.

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Kovačič, Pšenica. "Cat Facial Action Coding System (CatFACS) and Scientific Illustration." In Socratic Lectures. University of Lubljana Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.55295/psl.2024.ii17.

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Abstract: This study explores the complex world of feline communication, focusing on analyzing facial expressions. It utilizes the Cat Facial Action Coding System (CatFACS) with art theory for scientific illustration, presenting a novel approach in this field. CatFACS is employed for a detailed, objective analysis of feline facial expressions. However, as CatFACS does not inherently examine the emotional component, art theory is integrated to interpret these expressions. This combination provides a comprehensive understanding of cats' emotional states by focusing on both observable physical cues and inferred emotional contexts. Integrating CatFACS with scientific illustration reveals intricate insights into feline emotions and communication. This approach uncovers complex behavioural patterns, enhancing the accuracy of behavioural interpretation. This study significantly contributes to feline welfare and understanding of human-cat relationships. Highlighting the importance of nuanced approaches in animal behaviour studies provides practical insights for pet owners and veterinary professionals, aiding in better understanding and caring for cats. Keywords: Feline; Facial expression; Communication; Illustration

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Barros, Julia Cecilia Mederios, Walter Aparecido Pimentel Monteiro, João Gabriel Rabelo Ferreira, Maria Luiza Maciel de Mendonça, Letícia Serena Costa dos Santos, Monique Di Domenico, Natália Souza Silva, Gabriela Carnaz Barbieri, Paula Rayssa dos Santos Caetano, and Vívian Ferreira Zadra. "Microbial resistance and the relationship between medicine and veterinary medicine." In VI Seven International Multidisciplinary Congress. Seven Congress, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.56238/sevenvimulti2024-056.

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Antimicrobials have revolutionized health by reducing mortality from infectious diseases worldwide. However, the inappropriate use of antibiotics contributes to the antimicrobial resistance process occurring in a shorter time and on a larger scale. This process can correlate human and veterinary medicine. Animals and humans can be affected by several microorganisms, and the spread of resistant pathogens can occur between species. When antimicrobial resistance occurs within the veterinary sector, it becomes a unique health concern because human and animal antibiotics are the same, making human treatments difficult and expensive. The World Health Organization (WHO), through the Global Antimicrobial Resistance and Antimicrobial Use Surveillance System (GLASS) Report, points out that antimicrobial resistanceto agents responsible for nosocomial sepsis such as Klebsiella pneumoniae is greater than 50%. Agents such as Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. show growth in resistance rates and about 15% between 2017 and 2022. Antimicrobial resistance is responsible for about 700 thousand deaths annually and there is concern about an increase in this value due to the Covid-19 pandemic, due to the higher consumption of antibiotics. In veterinary medicine, the occurrence of antimicrobial resistanceis closely related to access to antibiotics without a professional prescription in farms and pet stores. Growth promoters for farm animals were used as preventives, however in 2020 this practice was banned in the national territory. Currently, the use of antibiotics without a previous antibiogram, misinformation from owners and metaphylactic uses are warning points within veterinary medicine. It is concluded that the occurrence of antimicrobial resistance within veterinary medicine is closely related to One Health.

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Badani, Pat. "The “Bichi” Project Symbiotic Food Networks and the Alchemist Kitchen." In 28th International Symposium on Electronic Art. Paris: Ecole des arts decoratifs - PSL, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.69564/isea2023-41-full-badani-the-bichi-project.

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The author uses symbiosis as metaphor and tool to create food-related projects that critically examine the anthropogenically induced impact of global warming on food chains. She argues that "art-through-food" projects promote an alternative worldview informed by the utopian premise that art can facilitate reflexivity and influence behavior to prevent future massive starvation by safeguarding the future of food. Three projects reveal the workings of energy flows in ecosystems to reimagine hybrid relations with living matter and with systems that are biological, technological, social, and political. They establish sustenance networks in which symbiotic interactions between several actors form the basis for a reevaluation of our human relationships to the planet and the fungal, plant, and animal agents within it. Based on assemblages with multiplicities that cofunction via a viral logic of contagion, projects explore aspects of symbiosis in human/plant/bacterial consortiums (the Bichi project), as well as symbiotic intelligence combining computing with neural networks (@Comestiblemealplan). Informed by research linking various scientific fields with art and technology, projects explore networks of relations between entities tangled in interdependence and involving parasitism, mutualism, adaptation, and resilience. Congruent with a larger systems approach in which symbiosis is the core principle replacing an essentialist conception of individuality, hybrid works contribute research and knowledge production with the potential to assess and generate affective insights and acts in the world.

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Dinet, Jérôme. ""Would You be Friends with a Robot?”: The Impact of Perceived Autonomy and Perceived Risk." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002306.

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This paper is aiming to investigate the impact of perceived autonomy and perceived risk on attitudes and opinion about two assistive robots (Paro© and Asimo©), as factors explaining the probability to become “friend” with a robot. The worldwide population of elderly people is growing rapidly and in the coming decades the proportion of older people in the developed countries will change significantly. This demographic shift will create a huge increase in demand for domestic and health-care robotics systems. But the spread of robots in everyday life particularly for purposes of healthcare already gives rise to questions about acceptability, moral and legal responsibility. A robotics system can be powerful and useful, there is not a reason why this system is usable and/or desirable and in fine, accepted. It is still unclear how well these new “faux-people” will be accepted by society, for they raise fundamental questions about what it means to be human, especially at home or in nursing house.METHOD. In a large online survey conducted in France, 2 783 participants (936 adolescents with a mean-age of 12.2 years; 1077 adults with a mean-age of 33.4 years; and 770 seniors with a mean-age of 71.3 years) were asked to complete three questionnaires: (1) The DOSPERT scale (for Domain-Specific Risk-Taking; Blais & Weber, 2006) to assess risk attitude and perception of risks for our participants; (2) The revised version of the FQUA-R scale (for Friendship Quality- Revised; Thien, Razak & Jamil, 2012) to assess close relationships and potential friendship with a robot; (3) The PAS (for Perception of Autonomy Scale; Lombard & Dinet, 2015) to assess positive and negative attitudes towards autonomy of robots. Each participant was asked to complete the three questionnaires twice: before and after viewing two videos showing two assistive robots (Paro© and Asimo©) interacting with human people: In one of the videos, a young woman interacts with the robotic baby-seal Paro©, and gives many explanations about the interests for elderly people (“Paro© gives kindness”, “its allows to create an attachment”). Moreover, we can see an elderly woman who caresses Paro©. In the other video, several physical characteristics of Asimo© are presented (size, weight) and the robot performs several tasks by interacting with a young woman (Asimo© walks, runs, plays football, opens a bottle, serves a glass, etc.).RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. For the two robots, structural equation modelling was used to determine the relationships between all the variables. Results have mainly showed that (i) Perceived risk is mainly and significantly explained by attitudes about risks in health and social domains whatever the gender and the age, and (ii) Perceived autonomy has a direct and positive effect on Friendship quality. In other words, our results tend to confirm that our three factors (perceived risk, perceived autonomy and friendship) are strongly interrelated and should be integrated in studies investigating the acceptability of assistive robots, and confirm that these three factors have different impact according to the physical appearance of the robot (human-like for Asimo© or animal-like shape for Paro©). Industrial and theoretical perspectives are discussed.

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Reports on the topic "Human animal relationships"

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Cahaner, Avigdor, Susan J. Lamont, E. Dan Heller, and Jossi Hillel. Molecular Genetic Dissection of Complex Immunocompetence Traits in Broilers. United States Department of Agriculture, August 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2003.7586461.bard.

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Objectives: (1) Evaluate Immunocompetence-OTL-containing Chromosomal Regions (ICRs), marked by microsatellites or candidate genes, for magnitude of direct effect and for contribution to relationships among multiple immunocompetence, disease-resistance, and growth traits, in order to estimate epistatic and pleiotropic effects and to predict the potential breeding applications of such markers. (2) Evaluate the interaction of the ICRs with genetic backgrounds from multiple sources and of multiple levels of genetic variation, in order to predict the general applicability of molecular genetic markers across widely varied populations. Background: Diseases cause substantial economic losses to animal producers. Emerging pathogens, vaccine failures and intense management systems increase the impact of diseases on animal production. Moreover, zoonotic pathogens are a threat to human food safety when microbiological contamination of animal products occurs. Consumers are increasingly concerned about drug residues and antibiotic- resistant pathogens derived from animal products. The project used contemporary scientific technologies to investigate the genetics of chicken resistance to infectious disease. Genetic enhancement of the innate resistance of chicken populations provides a sustainable and ecologically sound approach to reduce microbial loads in agricultural populations. In turn, animals will be produced more efficiently with less need for drug treatment and will pose less of a potential food-safety hazard. Major achievements, conclusions and implications:. The PI and co-PIs had developed a refined research plan, aiming at the original but more focused objectives, that could be well-accomplished with the reduced awarded support. The successful conduct of that research over the past four years has yielded substantial new information about the genes and genetic markers that are associated with response to two important poultry pathogens, Salmonella enteritidis (SE) and Escherichia coli (EC), about variation of immunocompetence genes in poultry, about relationships of traits of immune response and production, and about interaction of genes with environment and with other genes and genetic background. The current BARD work has generated a base of knowledge and expertise regarding the genetic variation underlying the traits of immunocompetence and disease resistance. In addition, unique genetic resource populations of chickens have been established in the course of the current project, and they are essential for continued projects. The US laboratory has made considerable progress in studies of the genetics of resistance to SE. Microsatellite-marked chromosomal regions and several specific genes were linked to SE vaccine response or bacterial burden and the important phenomenon of gene interaction was identified in this system. In total, these studies demonstrate the role of genetics in SE response, the utility of the existing resource population, and the expertise of the research group in conducting such experiments. The Israeli laboratories had showed that the lines developed by selection for high or low level of antibody (Ab) response to EC differ similarly in Ab response to several other viral and bacterial pathogens, indicating the existence of a genetic control of general capacity of Ab response in young broilers. It was also found that the 10w-Ab line has developed, possibly via compensatory "natural" selection, higher cellular immune response. At the DNA levels, markers supposedly linked to immune response were identified, as well as SNP in the MHC, a candidate gene responsible for genetic differences in immunocompetence of chickens.

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Hassell, James M., Salome A. Bukachi, Dishon M. Muloi, Emi Takahashi, and Lydia Franklinos. The Natural Environment and Health in Africa. World Wildlife Fund and the Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5479/10088/111281.

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Much of recent human development has come at the expense of Nature - undermining ecosystems, fragmenting habitats, reducing biodiversity, and increasing our exposure and vulnerability to emerging diseases. For example, as we push deeper into tropical forests, and convert more land to agriculture and human settlements, the rate at which people encounter new pathogens that may trigger the next public health, social and economic crisis, is likely to increase. Expanding and strengthening our understanding of the links between nature and human health is especially important in Africa, where nature brings economic prosperity and wellbeing to more than a billion people. Pandemics such as COVID are just one of a growing number of health challenges that humanity is facing as a result of our one-sided and frequently destructive relationship with nature. This report aims to inform professionals and decision-makers on how health outcomes emerge from human interactions with the natural world and identify how efforts to preserve the natural environment and sustainably manage natural resources could have an impact on human and animal health. While the report focuses on the African continent, it will also be of relevance to other areas of the world facing similar environmental pressures.

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ZHOU, YUHUI, XIAOXIA MA, and JINGLAN SUN. Update on the Relationship Between the SLC4A7 variant rs4973768 and Breast Cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, February 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.2.0013.

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Review question / Objective: The aim of this meta-analysis was to get an updated opinion, which was about the role of the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs4973768 in the SLC4A7 gene played in the incident of breast cancer. Eligibility criteria: The included criteria were formulated for this meta-analysis as following:(1) studies with both case and control groups;(2) studies assessing the relation between the SLC4A7 rs4973768 polymorphism and sensibility to breast cancer;(3) studies with sufficient information such as genotype frequency for results of odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs); and (4) full-text articles of studies with human subjects. Studies meeting any one of the criteria were determined unqualified for this meta-analysis as following:(1) conference abstracts, comments, reviews, case reports, or editorials;(2) inadequate data for OR calculation;(3) no control group; and (4) animal studies.

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Mizrahi, Itzhak, and Bryan A. White. Uncovering rumen microbiome components shaping feed efficiency in dairy cows. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2015.7600020.bard.

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Ruminants provide human society with high quality food from non-human-edible resources, but their emissions negatively impact the environment via greenhouse gas production. The rumen and its resident microorganisms dictate both processes. The overall goal of this project was to determine whether a causal relationship exists between the rumen microbiome and the host animal's physiology, and if so, to isolate and examine the specific determinants that enable this causality. To this end, we divided the project into three specific parts: (1) determining the feed efficiency of 200 milking cows, (2) determining whether the feed- efficiency phenotype can be transferred by transplantation and (3) isolating and examining microbial consortia that can affect the feed-efficiency phenotype by their transplantation into germ-free ruminants. We finally included 1000 dairy cow metadata in our study that revealed a global core microbiome present in the rumen whose composition and abundance predicted many of the cows’ production phenotypes, including methane emission. Certain members of the core microbiome are heritable and have strong associations to cardinal rumen metabolites and fermentation products that govern the efficiency of milk production. These heritable core microbes therefore present primary targets for rumen manipulation towards sustainable and environmentally friendly agriculture. We then went beyond examining the metagenomic content, and asked whether microbes behave differently with relation to the host efficiency state. We sampled twelve animals with two extreme efficiency phenotypes, high efficiency and low efficiency where the first represents animals that maximize energy utilization from their feed whilst the later represents animals with very low utilization of the energy from their feed. Our analysis revealed differences in two host efficiency states in terms of the microbial expression profiles both with regards to protein identities and quantities. Another aim of the proposal was the cultivation of undescribed rumen microorganisms is one of the most important tasks in rumen microbiology. Our findings from phylogenetic analysis of cultured OTUs on the lower branches of the phylogenetic tree suggest that multifactorial traits govern cultivability. Interestingly, most of the cultured OTUs belonged to the rare rumen biosphere. These cultured OTUs could not be detected in the rumen microbiome, even when we surveyed it across 38 rumen microbiome samples. These findings add another unique dimension to the complexity of the rumen microbiome and suggest that a large number of different organisms can be cultured in a single cultivation effort. In the context of the grant, the establishment of ruminant germ-free facility was possible and preliminary experiments were successful, which open up the way for direct applications of the new concepts discovered here, prior to the larger scale implementation at the agricultural level.

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Microbes and Climate Change - Science, People & Impacts. American Society for Microbiology, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aamcol.nov.2021.

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Climate change is unarguably a critical existential threat to humanity in the 21st century. As the most abundant organisms on Earth, microorganisms make considerable contributions to and are greatly affected by a changing climate. Microbes are major drivers of elemental cycles (such are carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus), important producers and consumers of greenhouse gases, and pertinent pathogens of humans, animals and plants. While the threat of climate change looms large, conversations about the relationship between it and microorganisms are still rare outside of the microbial sciences community. To understand fully how our climate may change in the future, it is important to learn how a changing climate will impact microbes and their relationships with humans and their environment, as well as incorporate microbial processes into climate models. This report is based on the deliberations of experts who participated in a colloquium on Nov. 5, 2021 organized by the American Academy of Microbiology, the honorific leadership group and think tank within the American Society for Microbiology. These experts came from diverse disciplines and sectors and provided multifaceted perspectives and insights. Over the course of the discussion, the group made several major recommendations for academic, policy, and market partners to drive innovation for microbe-driven climate change solutions that support human well-being.

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