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Journal articles on the topic 'Human and non-human relationships'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 29 June 2021

Last updated: 5 February 2022

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1

Cameron, Abigail E. "Understanding Non-Human and Human Animal Relationships in American Society." Qualitative Sociology 37, no. 4 (November 13, 2014): 467–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11133-014-9290-z.

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Nowaczyk-Basińska, Katarzyna. "IMMORTALITY AS A NETWORK OF RELATIONSHIPS. EXPERIENCE OF BUILDING A POSTHUMOUS AVATAR ON THE LIFENAUT PLATFORM." Studia Humanistyczne AGH 18, no. 3 (2019): 23–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.7494/human.2019.18.3.23.

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Based on an analysis of the American Lifenaut research project, I attempt to capture immortality created today as a network of relationships among human and non‑human factors. Lifenaut was established in 2006 as a pioneering project in the field of creating posthumous digital avatars. The users involved in the experiment gather data on the www.lifenaut.com platform to retain their personality in a digitized form after biological death. Part of my work is reconstructive – I describe the assumptions of the American project and the main concepts associated with it, such as “mindclone”, “mindfiles” and “mindware”. In the second part I present the results of my own avatar creation experiment and confront them with the sociological perspective of symbolic interactionism (G.H. Mead, H. Blumer) and relational sociology (B. Latour).

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Matula, Pavol. "Slovak-Polish relationships in 1938-1947 in the context of border disputes." Studia Humanistyczne AGH 12, no. 1 (2013): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.7494/human.2013.12.1.57.

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4

Birke, Lynda. "Structuring relationships: On science, feminism and non-human animals." Feminism & Psychology 20, no. 3 (August 2010): 337–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959353510371324.

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Non-human animals and their behaviour are part of the remit of what psychology studies; yet they are largely absent from feminist theory. This is in part due to earlier decades of feminist disavowal of biology and biological determinism (manifest in the sex/gender distinction). To exclude animals makes little sense, however, as animal societies continue to be used as models for humans, including gender differences. In this article, I argue that how we see gender in animal societies is not only an extrapolation from our own cultural mores, but is also produced in part by the material practices of laboratories. If laboratory animals are kept in impoverished, restricted conditions, then it is perhaps not surprising that experiments designed to investigate their sexuality or gender differences produce limited understandings. To counteract these tales of biological restriction, we need to look more at the complexities of non-human animal behaviour and society — and in particular to emphasize how we build relationships with non-humans, as mutual co-creations.

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Stasińska, Antonina. "PRIVILEGED MOBILITY AND UN‑MEDIATED CHOICE? THE CASE OF YOUNG PEOPLE LIVING IN TRANSNATIONAL LONG-DISTANCE RELATIONSHIPS." Studia Humanistyczne AGH 18, no. 3 (2019): 91–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.7494/human.2019.18.3.91.

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In postmodern times of emphasized fluidification, individualism and cosmopolitanism, mobility becomes self-evident and naturalized, yet socially desirable and anticipated. Therefore it is valuable to use ethnography to look at individual experiences. They are young, educated, and mobile, pursuing their dreams and goals while living in big cities: Poles and other (not only) European citizens who maintain transnational long-distance relationships create perfectly suitable representatives of the category of ‘privileged mobility’. This article is based on ethnographic fieldwork I conducted in 2016–2018, and it employs an auto-ethnographic perspective in order to examine the notion of privilege (Amit 2007), with its borders and limitations, through the analytical lens of mobility. The article puts forward the perspective of my research participants and thus provides a detailed portrait of the researched group, in order to show how mobility is rooted in their everyday lives and how privileged they really are. I argue that mobility, defined as one of the most stratifying factors (Bourdieu 1984), can be applied as a mirror that reflects position in the social strata. In this specific ethnographic context, spatial mobility can be seen as a useful tool, which exposes social and individual dimensions of being privileged while living in transnational long-distance relationships

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Kopecka-Piech, Katarzyna. "Arduino – emanation of the culture of prosumption and participation : an analysis of the relationships among users, objects and technology." Studia Humanistyczne AGH 17, no. 1 (2018): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.7494/human.2018.17.1.101.

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7

Armstrong Oma, Kristin, and Joakim Goldhahn. "Introduction: Human-Animal Relationships From a Long-Term Perspective." Current Swedish Archaeology, no. 28 (December 14, 2020): 11–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.37718/csa.2020.01.

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Humans, like other animals, are inextricably bound to their local complex web-of-life and cannot exist outside of relationally interwoven ecosystems. Humans are, as such, rooted in a multispecies universe. Human and non-human animals in their variety of forms and abilities have been commensal, companions, prey, and hunters, and archaeology must take this fundamental fact – the cohabiting of the world – to heart. Human societies are, there-fore, not so much human as web-of-species societies. Recently, anthropological theory has explored non-modern societies from the perspective of an anthropology of life which incorporates relationality of local humans and non-human animals, a pursuit that is significant for the diverse contributions in this special section of Current Swedish Archaeology: a themed section which deals with past multispecies intra-actions in a long-term perspective.

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8

Vorster, Nico. "THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HUMAN AND NON-HUMAN DIGNITY." Scriptura 104 (June 12, 2013): 406. http://dx.doi.org/10.7833/104-0-180.

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9

Vorster, Nico. "THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HUMAN AND NON-HUMAN DIGNITY." Scriptura 106 (June 13, 2013): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.7833/106-0-145.

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10

Duerbeck, Gabriele, Caroline Schaumann, and Heather Sullivan. "Human and Non-human Agencies in the Anthropocene // Agencialidades humanas y no-humanas en el Antropoceno." Ecozon@: European Journal of Literature, Culture and Environment 6, no. 1 (March 7, 2015): 118–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.37536/ecozona.2015.6.1.642.

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The era of human impact throughout the Earth’s biosphere since the Industrial Revolution that has recently been named the Anthropocene poses many challenges to the humanities, particularly in terms of human and non-human agency. Using diverse examples from literature, travel reflections, and science that document a wide range of agencies beyond the human including landscape, ice, weather, volcanic energy or gastropods, and insects, this essay seeks to formulate a broader sense of agency. All of our examples probe new kinds of relationships between humans and nature. By configuring a close interconnection and interdependence between these entities, the Anthropocene discourse defines such relationships anew. On the one hand, our examples highlight the negative effects of anthropocentric control and supremacy over nature, but on the other, they depict ambivalent positions ranging from surrender and ecstasy to menace and demise that go hand in hand with the acknowledgment of non-human agencies. Resumen La era del impacto humano en la biosfera de la Tierra desde la Revolución Industrial y que ha sido recientemente nombrada Antropoceno plantea mucho retos a las humanidades, especialmente en términos de agencia humana y no-humana. Usando varios ejemplos de la literatura, reflexiones de viajes y ciencia que documentan una gran variedad de agencias más allá de la humana incluyendo el paisaje, el hielo, el clima, la energía volcánica o los gasterópodos e insectos, este ensayo busca formular un sentido más amplio de agencia. Todos nuestros ejemplos investigan nuevos tipos de relaciones entre ser humano y naturaleza. Al configurar una interconexión e interdependencia cercanas entre estas entidades, el discurso del Antropoceno define tales relaciones de forma diferente. Por un lado, nuestros ejemplos destacan los efectos negativos del control antropocéntrico y de la supremacía sobre la naturaleza; pero, por otro lado, representan posiciones ambivalentes que van desde la rendición y el éxtasis a la amenaza y la desaparición que van codo con codo con el reconocimiento de las agencias no-humanas.

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11

Moore, Sandra. "Therapeutic relationships with the non-human environment—some lessons for the therapy relationship." Contact 120, no. 1 (January 1996): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13520806.1996.11758784.

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12

Figdor, Carrie. "Big Data and Changing Concepts of the Human." European Review 27, no. 3 (June 21, 2019): 328–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1062798719000024.

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Big Data has the potential to enable unprecedentedly rigorous quantitative modeling of complex human social relationships and social structures. When such models are extended to non-human domains, they can undermine anthropocentric assumptions about the extent to which these relationships and structures are specifically human. Discoveries of relevant commonalities with non-humans may not make us less human, but they promise to challenge fundamental views of what it is to be human.

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13

Chadwick, Clint. "Examining Non-Linear Relationships between Human Resource Practices and Manufacturing Performance." ILR Review 60, no. 4 (July 2007): 499–521. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001979390706000403.

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One little-explored question concerning innovative human resources practices is how the intensity of their implementation affects their impact on establishment performance: is the relationship linear, or more complex? This analysis, using U.S. Census Bureau data for 1997 from a sample of 1,212 private sector manufacturing establishments, investigates the possibility of non-linearities in the relationship between establishment performance and six human resource practices. The author finds departures from linearity that are both statistically significant and substantively meaningful for four of the six practices. He concludes that linear estimations of these relationships could mislead theorists and result in faulty recommendations to practitioners.

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14

Pan, Yuan. "Human–Nature Relationships in East Asian Animated Films." Societies 10, no. 2 (April 15, 2020): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/soc10020035.

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Our relationship with nature is complex and exploring this extends beyond academia. Animated films with powerful narratives can connect humans with nature in ways that science cannot. Narratives can be transformative and shape our opinions. Nevertheless, there is little research into non-Western films with strong conservation themes. Hayao Miyazaki is a Japanese filmmaker that is acknowledged as one of the greatest animated filmmakers and master storytellers globally. The themes of environmentalism, feminism and pacifism resonate throughout his films. His underlying message is that humans must strive to live in harmony with nature, whilst presenting us with the socio-cultural complexities of human–nature relationships. I review five of Miyazaki’s films that explore human–nature relationships. One film was released with a special recommendation from the World Wildlife Fund for Nature (WWF) and the other won an Oscar. I explore the lessons that we can learn from these films regarding human–nature relationships, and how to create powerful narratives that resonate with audiences and transcend cultural barriers.

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15

Lukashov, Vladimir V., and Jaap Goudsmit. "Evolutionary relationships among Astroviridae." Journal of General Virology 83, no. 6 (June 1, 2002): 1397–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/0022-1317-83-6-1397.

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To study the evolutionary relationships among astroviruses, all available sequences for members of the family Astroviridae were collected. Phylogenetic analysis distinguished two deep-rooted groups: one comprising mammalian astroviruses, with ovine astrovirus being an outlier, and the other comprising avian astroviruses. All virus species as well as serotypes of human astroviruses represented individual lineages within the tree. All human viruses clustered together and separately from non-human viruses, which argue for their common evolutionary origin and against ongoing animal-to-human transmissions. The branching order of mammalian astroviruses was exactly the opposite of that of their host species, suggesting at least two cross-species transmissions involving pigs, cats and humans, possibly through intermediate hosts. Analysis of synonymous (Ds) versus non-synonymous (Da) distances revealed that negative selection is dominating in the evolution of astroviruses, with the Ds:Da ratios being up to 46 for the comparisons of the most closely related viruses. Phylogenetic analyses of all open reading frames (ORFs) based on Ds resulted in the loss of tree structures, with virus species – and in ORF2, even serotypes of human astroviruses – branching out from virtually a single node, suggesting their ancient separation. The strong selection against non-synonymous substitutions, the low number of which is, therefore, not proof of a recent separation between lineages, together with the position of the oldest available human astrovirus strain (1971) far from the common node of its serotype 4, suggest that intraserotype diversification originates from an earlier date.

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16

Kong, Eric. "The human capital and human resource management relationships in non-profit organisations: misunderstanding and implication." International Journal of Knowledge Management Studies 1, no. 3/4 (2007): 471. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijkms.2007.012536.

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17

Fowler, Nicholas L., Jerrold L. Belant, and Dean E. Beyer. "Non-linear relationships between human activities and wolf-livestock depredations." Biological Conservation 236 (August 2019): 385–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2019.05.048.

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18

Gunawan, Michelle. "Navigating human and non-human animal relations: Okja, Foucault and animal welfare laws." Alternative Law Journal 43, no. 4 (November 15, 2018): 263–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1037969x18802459.

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This article draws upon a Foucauldian analysis of power to conceptualise the human and non-human animal relations throughout the Netflix film Okja. The article examines how ‘super-pig’ Okja’s experiences (and subjectivities) are deeply shaped by the ‘apparatuses’ within which Okja is situated. As the power relationships and practices of ‘domination’ portrayed in Okja highlight, the legal categorisation of animals and their foundations within mainstream discourses reflect, and perpetuate, society’s understanding of the moral significance of animals. Okja’s transformation throughout the film, as well as her very existence as a hybrid ‘super-pig’, confuses the legal categorisation of non-human animals and highlights a double standard in the law.

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19

DeBry, Ronald W., and Michael F. Seldin. "Human/Mouse Homology Relationships." Genomics 33, no. 3 (May 1996): 337–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/geno.1996.0209.

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20

Henderson, Hazel. "Towards holistic human relationships." Futures 21, no. 1 (February 1989): 6–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-3287(89)90062-1.

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21

Labia, Julien. "Music in migrant camps as a medium creating non-narrative human relationships." Crossings: Journal of Migration & Culture 12, no. 1 (April 1, 2021): 347–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/cjmc_00036_1.

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A migrant camp is a ‘non-place’ where personal identity is put at risk. Music is a means of personal adaptation in camps, even if it means allowing little place for the real reasons for displacement of the very people shaping these new hybridizations of music. The present power of music in such a place is to create strong relationships, ‘shortcutting’ both narration and the longer time needed in order to create relationships. The kind of personal advantage it is for someone to be a musician is a topic surprisingly forgotten, obscured by theoretical habits of seeing music essentially as an expressive activity directed to an audience, or as being a communicative activity. Music has a performative power different from language, as a non-verbal art having a strong and direct relationship to the body. Musical interactions on the field give migrants the ability to balance their problematic situation of refugees, shaping a real present.

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22

Huggins, Richard M., and Danuta Z. Loesch. "ROBUST NON-PARAMETRIC ESTIMATION OF GENOTYPE-PHENOTYPE RELATIONSHIPS IN HUMAN PEDIGREES." Australian New Zealand Journal of Statistics 46, no. 4 (December 2004): 601–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-842x.2004.00356.x.

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23

Ayusheeva, I. Z. "Personal Non-Property Rights Arising in Human Organs Bioprinting." Lex Russica, no. 7 (July 23, 2020): 24–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/1729-5920.2020.164.7.024-033.

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3D printing is currently one of the markers of the technological revolution. The development of additive production challenges the legal science to search for adequate legal regulation of relations concerning the use of 3D printing in the area of treatment of humans. At the present stage, we need to resolve not only the issues concerning regulation of property relations arising in connection with bioprinting, but also the issues of regulation of personal non-property relationships. The implementation of 3D printing of human organs is inevitably associated with the interference with the exercise of personal non-property rights. New technologies development requires the resolution of the content of the right to health, the liability and responsibilities of creators of 3D printing files (CAD-files), medical establishments. The need to address bioethical problems is a new challenge for the humanity. Due to the possibility of creating human organs artificially, it is important to define the limits of the exercise of personal non-property rights. Do the limits for the perfection of a person’s body exist? Can an individual freely dispose of his or her body, their organs, individual cells of the body? Can the human organism, its individual cells, be considered as a material for bioprinting, giving them all the properties of material objects having marketability? On the other hand, the creation of bio-prints raises the problem of protection of personal data, information about the person’s health, other personal data that may become available to third parties and be used by the third parties to the detriment of the individual. Can the appropriate bio-material or a layout of printed unique human organ be used by third parties in their activities? How does the exercise of property and intellectual rights relate to the exercise of personal non-property rights in the framework of personal non-property relationships not related to property relationships? The research is devoted to finding answers to the questions posed.

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González-Ramírez, Mónica Teresa, and René Landero-Hernández. "Pet–Human Relationships: Dogs versus Cats." Animals 11, no. 9 (September 20, 2021): 2745. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11092745.

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The study of human–animal interactions has increased, focusing on the dog–owner relationship, leaving a lag in research on the cat–owner relationship and practically a total absence of studies that compare the dog–owner relationship with the cat-owner relationship. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to make this comparison based on the perception of people living with both dogs and cats, considering interaction, emotional closeness, and perceived cost of the relationship. A total of 132 residents in Mexico participated. To evaluate the pet–human relationship, the dog and cat versions of the Monash dog owner relationship scale were used, thus obtaining comparable scores for the relationship with dogs and cats. Based on what the owners reported, significant differences were found. Relationships with cats were better than relationships with dogs, a finding that was confirmed when comparing male dogs and cats and when comparing female dogs and cats. It was concluded that relationships with cats are better because the perceived cost of such a relationship is lower. However, emotional closeness is greater with dogs than with cats.

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25

Emery Thompson, Melissa. "How can non-human primates inform evolutionary perspectives on female-biased kinship in humans?" Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 374, no. 1780 (July 15, 2019): 20180074. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2018.0074.

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The rarity of female-biased kinship organization in human societies raises questions about ancestral hominin family structures. Such questions require grounding in the form and function of kin relationships in our close phylogenetic relatives, the non-human primates. Common features of primate societies, such as low paternity certainty and lack of material wealth, are consistent with features that promote matriliny in humans. In this review, I examine the role of kinship in three primate study systems (socially monogamous species, female-bonded cercopithecines and great apes) that, each for different reasons, offer insights into the evolutionary roots of matriliny. Using these and other examples, I address potential analogues to features of female-biased kinship organization, including residence, descent and inheritance. Social relationships are biased towards matrilineal kin across primates, even where female dispersal limits access to them. In contrast to the strongly intergenerational nature of human kinship, most primate kin relationships function laterally as the basis for cooperative networks and require active reinforcement. There is little evidence that matrilineal kin relationships in primates are functionally equivalent to descent or true inheritance, but further research is needed to understand whether human cultural constructs of kinship produce fundamentally different biological outcomes from their antecedents in primates. This article is part of the theme issue ‘The evolution of female-biased kinship in humans and other mammals'.

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26

Weychert, Monika. "A history of non-human lives: social weeds." Polish Journal of Landscape Studies 2, no. 4-5 (July 31, 2019): 47–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/pls.2019.4.5.5.

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The author analyzes Karolina Grzywnowicz’s installation Weeds (2015): a meadow which the artist replanted from two villages in Bieszczady—whose inhabitants had been resettled in 1944-1950—into a site adjoining a street in Warsaw. The meadow was promptly mowed by the municipal services, and thus became a twofold commemoration. First, it was a deliberately created yet subtle and poetical monument to the displaced people. Second, in a manner unanticipated by the artist, it grew into a symbolic martyrdom memorial of the “green urban anarchists”: weeds in other words. The author analyzes the relationships between non-human lives and history, asking whether the marginal history of plants is ever noticed in scientific and social reflection, as well as wondering about the role of plants in commemoration and why they fail as a medium of memory.

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27

Ziegler, Toni E., and Catherine Crockford. "Neuroendocrine control in social relationships in non-human primates: Field based evidence." Hormones and Behavior 91 (May 2017): 107–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yhbeh.2017.03.004.

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28

Gonzalez, Alisa C. "Sources: Encyclopedia of Human Relationships." Reference & User Services Quarterly 49, no. 2 (December 1, 2009): 192–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/rusq.49n2.192.2.

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29

Chadiha, Letha A., Ann Elizabeth Auhagen, and Maria von Salisch. "The Diversity of Human Relationships." Family Relations 47, no. 1 (January 1998): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/584857.

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30

Antonites, A., and J. S. J. Odendaal. "Ethics in Human-Animal Relationships." Acta Veterinaria Brno 73, no. 4 (2004): 539–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2754/avb200473040539.

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31

Boivin, X., P. Le Neindre, and J. M. Chupin. "Establishment of cattle-human relationships." Applied Animal Behaviour Science 32, no. 4 (January 1992): 325–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-1591(05)80025-5.

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32

Downie, R. S., Paul Gilbert, and Jeffrey Blustein. "Human Relationships: A Philosophical Introduction." Philosophical Quarterly 43, no. 170 (January 1993): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2219950.

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33

EDWARDS, A. W. F. "Evolutionary relationships of human populations." Nature 323, no. 6090 (October 1986): 744. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/323744b0.

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WAINSCOAT, J. S., A. V. S. HILL, S. L. THEIN, and J. B. CLEGG. "Evolutionary relationships of human populations." Nature 323, no. 6090 (October 1986): 744. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/323744c0.

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35

RUSHTON, J. PHILIPPE. "Inclusive fitness in human relationships." Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 96, no. 1 (December 17, 2008): 8–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.2008.01110.x.

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Smith, John Maynard. "The Y of human relationships." Nature 344, no. 6267 (April 1990): 591–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/344591b0.

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37

Grigsby, Jim, and David Stevens. "Memory, Neurodynamics, and Human Relationships." Psychiatry: Interpersonal & Biological Processes 65, no. 1 (March 2002): 13–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/psyc.65.1.13.19762.

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38

Shneiderman, Ben. "Understanding human reactivites and relationships." Interactions 9, no. 5 (September 2002): 40–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/566981.566982.

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39

Hampson, Daphne. "Theological Integrity and Human Relationships*." Feminist Theology 1, no. 2 (January 1993): 42–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096673509300000205.

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40

Stein, T. P., M. D. Schluter, and L. L. Moldawer. "Endocrine relationships during human spaceflight." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 276, no. 1 (January 1, 1999): E155—E162. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.1999.276.1.e155.

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Human spaceflight is associated with a chronic loss of protein from muscle. The objective of this study was to determine whether changes in urinary hormone excretion could identify a hormonal role for this loss. Urine samples were collected from the crews of two Life Sciences Space Shuttle missions before and during spaceflight. Data are means ± SE with the number of subjects in parentheses. The first value is the mean preflight measurement, and the second value is the mean inflight measurement. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) [27.7 ± 4.4 (9) vs. 25.1 ± 3.4 (9) ng/day], growth hormone [724 ± 251 (9) vs. 710 ± 206 (9) ng/day], insulin-like growth factor I [6.81 ± 0.62 vs. 6.04 ± 0.51 (8) nM/day], and C-peptide [44.9 ± 8.3 (9) vs. 50.7 ± 10.3 (9) μg/day] were unchanged with spaceflight. In contrast, free 3,5,3′-triiodothyronine [791 ± 159 (9) vs. 371 ± 41 (9) pg/day, P < 0.05], prostaglandin E2(PGE2) [1,064 ± 391 (8) vs. 465 ± 146 (8) ng/day, P < 0.05], and its metabolite PGE-M [1,015 ± 98 (9) vs. 678 ± 105 (9) ng/day, P < 0.05] were decreased inflight. The urinary excretion of most hormones returned to their preflight levels during the postflight period, with the exception of ACTH [47.5 ± 10.3 (9) ng/day], PGE2 [1,433 ± 327 (8) ng/day], PGF2α, [2,786 ± 313 (8) ng/day], and its metabolite PGF-M [4,814 ± 402 (9) ng/day], which were all increased compared with the preflight measurement ( P < 0.05). There was a trend for urinary cortisol to be elevated inflight [55.3 ± 5.9 (9) vs. 72.5 ± 11.1 μg/day, P = 0.27] and postflight [82.7 ± 8.6 (8) μg/day, P = 0.13]. The inflight human data support ground-based in vitro work showing that prostaglandins have a major role in modulating the changes in muscle protein content in response to tension or the lack thereof.

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GOLDMAN, ARMOND S., and RANDALL M. GOLDBLUM. "Human Milk: Immunologic-Nutritional Relationships." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 587, no. 1 (June 1990): 236–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1990.tb00151.x.

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42

Solferino, Nazaria, and Maria Elisabetta Tessitore. "Human Networks and Toxic Relationships." Mathematics 9, no. 18 (September 14, 2021): 2258. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math9182258.

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We devise a theoretical model to shed light on the dynamics leading to toxic relationships. We investigate what intervention policy people could advocate to protect themselves and to reduce suffocating addiction in order to escape from physical or psychological abuses either inside family or at work. Assuming that the toxic partner’s behavior is exogenous and that the main source of addiction is income or wealth we find that an asymptotically stable equilibrium with positive love is always possible. The existence of a third unconditionally reciprocating part as a benchmark, i.e., presence of another partner, support from family, friends, private organizations in helping victims, plays an important role in reducing the toxic partner’s appeal. Analyzing our model, we outline the conditions for the best policy to heal from a toxic relationship.

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Ingridsdotter, Jenny, and Kim Silow Kallenberg. "I magen på en häst." Budkavlen 99 (November 10, 2020): 34–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.37447/bk.99521.

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In a horse’s belly: Interspecies relations as a critique of civilization Jenny Ingridsdotter & Kim Silow Kallenberg Keywords: natureculture, animals, popular culture, masculinity In this article, we analyse how the relationship between humans and other species is portrayed in contemporary films and series that have the rise and fall of civilization as their theme: Into the Wild (2007), The Revenant (2015), Into the Forest (2015) and The Walking Dead (2010-). The purpose is to understand how relationships between humans, animals and non-humans are portrayed. The films/series have been chosen on the basis of their portrayal of social downfall or social dissatisfaction and on the grounds that they are also widely recognised and popular portrayals. The analysis focuses on two male characters (The Revenant, Into the Wild) and two female characters (Into the Forest and The Walking Dead) to investigate relationships between humans and other species (animals and zombies) when it comes to survival, and how these relationships are possibly conditioned by gender. Methodologically, we approach these popular cultural depictions as ethnographers, with human meaning-making as the primary point of departure. Theoretically, we use concepts developed in the field of human-animal studies. The analysis shows that there are differences between the representations of different species and that these representations are also conditioned by gender in the human characters. Where men are alone in their struggle against nature, women are part of social relationships where they, together with others (human and non-human), struggle to survive. The analysis further shows how animals and other species constantly condition and enable human existence. However, lacking human language, the animals – who are absolutely vital for the actions and survival of the human characters – are rendered unimportant.

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Silk, Joan B. "Nepotistic cooperation in non-human primate groups." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 364, no. 1533 (November 12, 2009): 3243–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2009.0118.

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Darwin was struck by the many similarities between humans and other primates and believed that these similarities were the product of common ancestry. He would be even more impressed by the similarities if he had known what we have learned about primates over the last 50 years. Genetic kinship has emerged as the primary organizing force in the evolution of primate social organization and the patterning of social behaviour in non-human primate groups. There are pronounced nepotistic biases across the primate order, from tiny grey mouse lemurs ( Microcebus murinus ) that forage alone at night but cluster with relatives to sleep during the day, to cooperatively breeding marmosets that rely on closely related helpers to rear their young, rhesus macaque ( Macaca mulatta ) females who acquire their mother's rank and form strict matrilineal dominance hierarchies, male howler monkeys that help their sons maintain access to groups of females and male chimpanzees ( Pan troglodytes ) that form lasting relationships with their brothers. As more evidence of nepotism has accumulated, important questions about the evolutionary processes underlying these kin biases have been raised. Although kin selection predicts that altruism will be biased in favour of relatives, it is difficult to assess whether primates actually conform to predictions derived from Hamilton's rule: br > c . In addition, other mechanisms, including contingent reciprocity and mutualism, could contribute to the nepotistic biases observed in non-human primate groups. There are good reasons to suspect that these processes may complement the effects of kin selection and amplify the extent of nepotistic biases in behaviour.

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Sainsbury, Peter. "Personal Relationships and Social Support/Human Relationships (Book)." Sociology of Health and Illness 14, no. 2 (June 1992): 307–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9566.ep11343739.

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Latimer, Joanna, and Mara Miele. "Naturecultures? Science, Affect and the Non-human." Theory, Culture & Society 30, no. 7-8 (October 18, 2013): 5–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0263276413502088.

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Rather than focus on effects, the isolatable and measureable outcomes of events and interventions, the papers assembled here offer different perspectives on the affective dimension of the meaning and politics of human/non-human relations. The authors begin by drawing attention to the constructed discontinuity between humans and non-humans, and to the kinds of knowledge and socialities that this discontinuity sustains, including those underpinned by nature-culture, subject-object, body-mind, individual-society polarities. The articles presented track human/non-human relations through different domains, including: humans/non-humans in history and animal welfare science (Fudge and Buller); the relationship between the way we live, the effects on our natural environment and contested knowledges about ‘nature’ (Whatmore); choreographies of everyday life and everyday science practices with non-human animals such as horses, meerkats, mice, and wolves (Latimer, Candea, Davies, Despret). Each paper also goes on to offer different perspectives on the human/non-human not just as division, or even as an asymmetrical relation, but as relations that are mutually affective, however invisible and inexpressible in the domain of science. Thus the collection contributes to new epistemologies/ontologies that undercut the usual ordering of relations and their dichotomies, particularly in that dominant domain of contemporary culture that we call science. Indeed, in their impetus to capture ‘affect’, the collection goes beyond the usual turn towards a more inclusive ontology, and contributes to the radical shift in the epistemology and philosophy of science’s terms of engagement.

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KOBAYASHI, Junya, Yuichi KURITA, Tsuyoshi SUENAGA, Kentaro TAKEMURA, Yoshio MATSUMOTO, and Tsukasa OGASAWARA. "1A1-D17 Visualization of Human-Relationships by using Human Position." Proceedings of JSME annual Conference on Robotics and Mechatronics (Robomec) 2008 (2008): _1A1—D17_1—_1A1—D17_2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmermd.2008._1a1-d17_1.

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Boorse, Dorothy. "Teaching Environmental Ethics: Non-indigenous Invasive Species As A Study of Human Relationships to Nature." Worldviews: Global Religions, Culture, and Ecology 8, no. 2-3 (2004): 323–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568535042690862.

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AbstractThis paper uses the question, "what ethical issues inform our response to nonindigenous invasive species?" as a basis to explore human relationships to nature in the context of teaching environmental ethics. While ecologists express increasing concern about the introduction of non-indigenous invasive species (NIS), the public is sometimes unaware of, or ambivalent about, the problems they cause. I argue that this ambivalence stems from conceptual problems—about human-nature relationships, about ethical conflict and about human behavior—that can be addressed in a course on environmental ethics. Such a course can look at NIS in the context of different ethical traditions, and the different bases for action (or not) with regard to NIS that such ethical traditions imply. I suggest ways to use NIS as case studies in either a science course or an environmental ethics course, to introduce fundamental questions and to explore basic worldviews with respect to humans and nature.

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Gitau, Julie Gathoni, and Stella Jerop Chebii. "Prioritising employee-organisation relationships in non-profit organisations in Kenya: Antecedents, queries and contradictions." Journal of Development and Communication Studies 7, no. 1-2 (July 14, 2020): 110–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jdcs.v7i1-2.7.

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Although employees are the most critical of organisation publics, it is unclear whether employee-organisation relationships (EORs) in non-profit organisations (NPOs) in Kenya are prioritised. To investigate this question further, the study explored relationship antecedents in two non-profit organisations. The study was informed by relationship management theory and the symmetrical communication framework. Semi-structured, indepth interviews were carried out among 24 purposively sampled management and nonmanagement employees. The data was manually analysed and requisite a priori and in vivo codes and themes identified. The study findings suggest a lack of understanding about the strategic role of public relations in the organisation. Further, technician oriented PRdepartments mediate the perceptions of and effort expended on internal relationships. Managing employee-organisation relationships was perceived more as a human resource rather than a PR function which precludes more robust forms of PR practice. The researchers recommend a clear demarcation between the public relations and human resource function and to build strategic PR departments that embrace internal relationship management. Keywords: Relationship management, employee-organisation relationships, public relations, organisation-public relationships, relationship antecedents

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Shrestha, Ravi Kumar. "Dissecting the Human Nature in Kafka's Metamorphosis." Literary Studies 33 (March 31, 2020): 86–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/litstud.v33i0.38062.

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This paper intends to strengthen the relationship between humans and non-humans. So, it searches human nature in the non-human. Human beings dissect animals or non-humans in the science lab whereas in the novella 'Metamorphosis', Franz Kafka dissects human nature in the insect after Gregor’s metamorphosis.

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