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Academic literature on the topic 'Huile de DHA'
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Journal articles on the topic "Huile de DHA"
Ibarra Losada, María Clara. "Fundación de la Universidad Pública del Huila: Años del ITUSCO." Paideia Surcolombiana 1, no. 18 (February 1, 2014): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.25054/01240307.1148.
Full textMedina Cortés, Manuel Alejandro. "Estrategias didácticas: un aporte al aprendizaje de las matemáticas en la búsqueda de mejorar resultados en sus prácticas evaluativas." Paideia Surcolombiana, no. 26 (December 1, 2021): 94–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.25054/01240307.2837.
Full textCHILLIARD, Y., A. FERLAY, and M. DOREAU. "Contrôle de la qualité nutritionnelle des matières grasses du lait par l’alimentation des vaches laitières : acides gras trans, polyinsaturés, acide linoléique conjugué." INRAE Productions Animales 14, no. 5 (December 17, 2001): 323–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2001.14.5.3758.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Huile de DHA"
Wang, Jun. "Encapsulation of DHA oil as Pickering emulsion : effect on DHA bioaccessibility and metabolism." Thesis, Rennes, Agrocampus Ouest, 2022. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03711326.
Full textEncapsulation may affect the digestion and bioaccessibility of the encapsulated bioactive compounds, which in turn affects their metabolism. The purpose of this project was to study the effects of encapsulation on DHA bioaccessibility and metabolism, based on omelet as a food matrix, which contains DHA oil as encapsulated or unencapsulated form.DHA oil composed of DHA-rich triacylglycerols was prepared as a Pickering emulsion, which is stabilized by heat-denatured whey protein isolates. Pure oil or emulsion was then incorporated into eggs and cooked in an omelet. The effects of encapsulation on the digestion and metabolism of DHA were studied by using INFOGEST static in vitro digestion model for adults and in a weanling rat model, respectively.The results showed that encapsulation can increase the contact surface between DHA oil and lipase during the in vitro digestion, thereby promoting the hydrolysis of DHA oil and improving DHA bioaccessibility. In vivo, encapsulation of DHA oil did not modulate the fatty acid profile in tissues, but remarkably modified the oxylipin pattern in plasma, heart and even brain. Specific oxidized metabolites derived from DHA were upgraded while those from n-6 fatty acids were essentially mitigated.Therefore, encapsulation of DHA oil could not only improve the bioaccessibility of DHA, but is also a key factor in the metabolism of DHA to produce protectins and maresins precursors, thereby improving global health status
Tagliaferri, Camille. "Mécanismes de la perte osseuse et musculaire avec l'âge et étude du potentiel de l'huile d'olive, de la vitamine D et du DHA pour une stratégie nutritionnelle de prévention." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CLF1MM20.
Full textEconomically developed societies face the problem of an aging population combined with the increase in degenerative diseases. Among the signs of aging, musculoskeletal pathologies (osteoporosis and sarcopenia) are considered major public health problems. Therefore, the development of preventive measures to preserve seniors’ health is a real public health issue. Scientific research provides ample evidence of the importance of diet in diseases reduction or exacerbation. These observations confirm the old concept arguing that the adoption of a balanced diet helps to maintain a healthy life, especially with advancing age. To date, the potential of the olive oil, as such or as a vector of lipophilic nutrients, for the prevention of osteoporosis and sarcopenia, has never been tested. As the prevalence of osteoporosis is much higher in postmenopausal women who also suffer from an accelerated muscle mass loss, this population was targeted in this study. In a first step, original results were obtained regarding the effect of ovariectomy on muscle metabolism. Thus, our work showed that after removal of the ovaries, muscle protein synthesis was reduced in association with a decrease in the expression of a proteolysis marker of this tissue. Taken together, these results suggest a slowing down of muscle protein turnover after ovariectomy. In terms of mechanisms, an increase in lipid tissue infiltration was observed. The slowdown in muscle protein renewal after ovariectomy was associated with an increased bone turnover, classically described in the literature. In a second step, the effect of olive oil and more particularly its polyphenols in combination with vitamin D and docosahexaenoic acid and their possible synergy was assessed using a postmenopausal osteoporosis model. Ovariectomized mice were subjected to one of the following oils: corn oil, refined olive oil, extra virgin olive oil or fish oil. Four additional groups of ovariectomized mice received the oil fortified with vitamin D. This study demonstrated a protective effect of the combination of virgin olive oil and vitamin D on bone loss induced by ovariectomy in mice. Indeed, the acceleration of the bone turnover induced by the estrogen deficiency was inhibited by this combination of nutrients, which also decreased the expression of oxidative stress and inflammation markers. These results are currently being validated in a clinical investigation conducted in postmenopausal women, which has been established during this thesis work
Roby, Mohamed Hussein Hamdy. "Synthèse et caractérisation de biomolécules antioxidantes." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0083/document.
Full textAn efficient solvent-free bioprocess was developed for the synthesis of DHA phenolic ester, using the lipase B from Candida antarctica. The protocol developed here led to high-level production (440 g/L) of DHA vanillyl ester (DHA-VE) that exhibits interesting application potential as food ingredient. DHA-VE was characterized by a high stability and a high radical scavenging activity towards DPPH, ABTS and hydroxyl radicals. Neuroprotective properties of DHA-VE were also demonstrated in rat primary neurons exposed to amyloid-[beta] oligomers. Enzymatic esterification of DHA with vanillyl alcohol (VA) led to increased DHA levels in erythrocytes and brain tissues of mice fed DHA-VE-supplemented diet comparing with DHA. No visible toxicity of the ester was found. Enrichment of emulsions with DHA-VE improved significantly their oxidative stability whatever the conditions of storage, showing the potential of DHA-VE to enrich various food matrices with DHA while protecting them against oxidation. The enzymatic process was applied to salmon oil as a source of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). The total conversion of VA (50 g/L) was achieved after 24 h of reaction, leading to the production of a wide variety of esters that mirror the initial composition of the oil. The crude reaction medium recovered from salmon oil alcoholysis exhibited a high stability together with high antioxidant properties in comparison with native salmon oil. In conclusion, the approach that consists in bringing phenolic compounds and PUFA-rich lipids together within a single structure is expected to provide stable bioactive ingredients that should broaden the scope of application of omega-3 PUFAs whose health benefits are increasingly sought
Casas, Godoy Leticia. "Lipase-catalyzed purification and functionalization of Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and production of structured lipids." Thesis, Toulouse, INSA, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ISAT0057/document.
Full textLipases are enzymes with applications extended to a wide variety of industries. The variety of lipases applications led to increased research to characterize them and better understand their kinetics and reaction mechanisms and to establish methods for lipase production in homologous and heterologous expression systems. Lately enzymatic engineering allowed the improvement of lipase characteristics. This thesis project studies the use of lipases for two main objectives: lipase-catalyzed purification and functionalization of Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), especially cis-4, 7, 10, 13, 16, 19-docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and production of structured lipids (SL). DHA was used for the synthesis of a pharmaceutical molecule, the nicotinyl DHA ester. The co-substrate of the reaction was nicotinol, an alcohol from the group B pro-vitamin, which after absorption is rapidly converted into nicotinic acid (Vitamin B3). The enzymatic trans-esterification of DHA ethyl esters with nicotinol was optimised to synthesise an ester presenting the cumulative properties of the two reactants. After enzyme (immobilized lipase from Candida antarctica; Novozym 435) and reaction medium (solvent-free system) selection, the process was optimised. A conversion to nicotinyl-DHA superior to 97 % was obtained in 4 hours using 45 g.L-1 of enzyme. With a productivity of 4.2 g of product .h-1.g of enzyme-1.This project requires DHA of high purity. Enzymatic purification was chosen for the production of DHA concentrates. Lipases can discriminate between fatty acids in function of their chain length and saturation degree. Lipases react more efficiently with the bulk of saturated and mono-unsaturated fatty acids than with the PUFAs. The objective was the discovery of more specific enzymes for DHA purification. The lipase Lip2 from Yarrowia lipolytica (YLL2) appears as a good candidate since it is homologous to one of the most efficient lipase, the lipase from Thermomyces lanuginosus. YLL2 enables a high discrimination to be obtained, enzyme selectivity being principally due to the positioning of the double-bond the closest from the carboxylic group. The highest concentration of DHA was obtained with YLL2 (73%) with a recovery percentage of DHA-EE of 89%. YLL2 is the most efficient described lipase for DHA purification.Site directed mutagenesis was used to improve YLL2 from Y. lipolytica. Using its three dimensional structure and alignment with homologous lipases, targets for site directed mutagenesis were chosen. Chosen amino acids were substituted by two amino acids of different sizes. From the screening of variants two positions with promising specificities where chosen, positions I100 and V235. Finally saturation of both positions and the analysis of their performances in the selected reactions were carried out. The last objective was the production of SL by enzymatic acidolysis between virgin olive oil and caprylic or capric acids using immobilized Lip2 from Y. lipolytica. The SL obtained should be rich in oleic acid at the sn-2 position while C8:0 and C10:0 should be mainly esterified at the sn-1,3 positions. Lip2 from Y. lipolytica immobilized on Accurel MP 1000 was tested in a solvent-free system. The acidolysis reaction of olive oil with C8:0 or C10:0 was optimized by response surface methodology (RSM)
Du, Qin. "Optimisation des profils lipidiques du cerveau de rats déficients en oméga-3 au sevrage par l'utilisation de matière grasse laitière : conséquences au niveau du lipidome." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AIX20717/document.
Full textThe accretion of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in brain membranes mainly occurs around delivery and during the first two years of life. One of the main goals of neonatal nutrition is to optimize the incorporation of n-3 long chain polyinsaturate fatty acids (LC-PUFA) into the central nervous system, including DHA. Our goal was to study the impact of several kinds of diets based on dairy-fat to improve the n-3 LC-PUFA bioconversion and DHA accretion into brain. The other endpoint was to assess if beyond the brain fatty acid profiles, the dietary intakes would bring about a wider effect such as the one that can be appreciated through a lipidomic approach.We compared the nutritional effect of dairy-fat based diets to that of palm-oil based diets in the rat reproductive model. Mother rats were made deficient in α-linoleic acid (ALA) (0.4% of fatty acids (FA) for 6 weeks prior to mating and throughout gestation and lactation. After weaning, the resulting deficient 40 rat pups of either gender were split into 4 groups and received 10% fat diets made with either 1.5%ALA palm oil blend (P1), same added with 0.12% DHA and 0.4% arachidonic acid (ARA) (P2) , 1.5% ALA dairy-fat blend (B1) or 2.5% ALA dairy-fat blend (B2). The brain, red blood cell (RBC) and plasma fatty acid profiles were analyzed and treated using multivariate statistics. B1 was superior to both palm-oil based diets to improve the brain DHA contents (14.4% increase, P < 0.05). B2 brought an additional benefit for this parameter. The brain DHA contents in males were significantly lower than for the female because of a diet x gender interaction. This effect was smoothed with the dairy-fat diets or the palm-oil based diet augmented with preformed DHA.We calculated a new fatty acid index to predict the brain DHA contents, based on the fatty acid profiles measured in RBC and plasma, and which demonstrated a better performance than the existing published index. For the first time, we showed a profound and yet unsuspected effect of diets until now on the brain lipidome (lipids molecular species), affecting about 15% of the features detected. These changes were ascribed to the cholesterol and fatty acid metabolism, and to the lipid messengers, among others.In conclusion, our data appear highly relevant to improve infant formulas. The first use of the lipidomic approach in neonatal nutrition open the paths of new researches in the area of infant nutrition
Drouin, Gaëtan. "Métabolisme et intérêt nutritionnel de l’acide docosapentaénoïque n-3 : modulation du statut tissulaire en acides gras n-3 par les lipides laitiers alimentaires chez le rat." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REN1B020/document.
Full textThe optimization of tissue status in n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LCPUFA) is one of the current goals in human nutrition. Indeed, many beneficial effects on human health have been demonstrated for these different n-3 LCPUFA. However, the bioconversion of these derivatives from their food precursor, α-linolenic acid, is limited in humans and it does not meet the needs of the organism. Among this family of fatty acids, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) have been widely studied in contrast to those of n-3 docosapentaenoic acid (DPA). The first objective of this work was to study the impact of dietary supplementation with DPA on fatty acid metabolism and lipid metabolism in healthy rats. For this, a method for purifying DPA with high purity and in large quantities by liquid chromatography was first established. This result helps future research of the in vivo effects of DPA, poorly commercially available. After its nutritional supplementation, DPA was incorporated into multiple tissues and it has affected the n-3 LCPUFA tissue compositions of specific organs such as the liver, heart, lung, spleen and the kidney. Thus, supplementation with DPA could be a source of EPA, DPA, and to a lesser extent DHA. Finally, compared to supplementation with EPA or DHA, DPA was the most potent n-3 LCPUFA to improve triglyceridemia and cholesterolemia in animals. This information will certainly contribute to a greater consideration of DPA both in nutritional studies and in the direction of future nutritional recommendations. The second area of research focused on the ability of a partial incorporation of dairy lipids in the diet to increase the tissue status in n-3 LCPUFA. Incorporation of dairy lipids in the diet increased DHA status in brain and retina and DPA status in the other studied tissues. In addition, the induction of conversion of n-3 LCPUFA from their precursor by dairy lipid was complementary with the DPA supplementation to increase n-3 LCPUFA status in tissues. These results fit into a context of infant nutrition, during which the incorporation of n-3 LCPUFA is maximal in nervous tissues. Thus, these results provide interesting data for both companies and health professionals to recommend infant formulas containing dairy lipids for consumption
El, Monfalouti Hanae. "Contribution à la détermination des propriétés photo-protectrices et anti-oxydantes des dérives de l’arganier : études chimiques et physiologiques." Thesis, Reims, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013REIMS027/document.
Full textArgan oil is traditionally used in Morocco as an ointment to cure some skin pathlogies or is ingested to prevent cardiovascular diseases. Its content in unsaturated fatty acids is high as is its content in polyphenols, tocopherols, sterols, squalene and triterpenic alcohols.The aim of this thesis was to increase the value of argan oil and derivatives. Our work focuses on phytochemistry and pharmacology.Concerning the phytochemical aspect, 11 polyphenols were identified and quantified by LC-ESI-SM. Their anti-oxidant activity has been evaluated as a function of kernel roasting time. Volatils obtained by microextraction were also quantified using CPG-SM.In a second section, photoprotective and anti-oxidant properties of argan oil were studied. Blood vitamine E level was determined in post menopausal women after 8 weeks of daily consumption of 25 ml of argan. Olive oil was given as a blank. Photoproptective properties of argan oil were evidenced in vitro using UV-C and Thymidylyl-(3',5') thymidine as DNA model. Preliminary results indicate a good photoproective activity even when argan oil is diluted (1/10) in parafin oil