Relevant bibliographies by topics / Hub gear

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Hub gear'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 28 June 2021
Last updated: 7 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Hub gear"

1

Wu, Yi-Chang, and Tze-Cheng Wu. "EMBODIMENT DESIGN OF NOVEL 5-SPEED REAR DRIVE HUBS FOR BICYCLES." Transactions of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering 39, no. 3 (September 2015): 431–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/tcsme-2015-0032.

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This paper presents embodiment design of 5-speed rear drive hubs for bicycles. A 7-link, 2-degrees of freedom (DOF) compound planetary gear train as the main body of a rear drive hub is introduced. The relationship between the number of coaxial links of a planetary gear train and the number of gear stages that a drive hub can provide with is discussed. By means of kinematic analysis, four speed ratios of the planetary gear train are derived, which represents four forward gears of the rear drive hub. By adding a direct-drive gear, five forward gears can be provided and two feasible clutching sequence tables are synthesized. Manual translational-type gear-shifting mechanisms are further designed to incorporate with the planetary gear train for appropriately controlling the gear stage. The power-flow path at each gear stage is checked to verify the feasibility of the proposed design. Finally, two novel 5-speed bicycle rear drive hubs are presented.
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2

Wu, Yi-Chang, and Che-Wei Chang. "DEVELOPMENT OF 3-SPEED REAR HUB BICYCLE TRANSMISSIONS WITH GEAR-SHIFTING MECHANISMS." Transactions of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering 39, no. 3 (September 2015): 407–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/tcsme-2015-0030.

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Rear hub bicycle transmissions require less maintenance and are more reliable than rear derailleurs. This study proposes a systematic design process for the conceptual design of 3-speed rear hub bicycle transmissions. By analyzing the kinematics of a basic epicyclic gear mechanism using the fundamental circuit method, the gear sequence and clutching sequence arrangements for 3-speed rear hub transmissions can be obtained. The numbers of gear-teeth for all gear elements resulting in a minimum installation space and satisfying the required speed ratio at each gear stage are determined. A gear-shifting mechanism is constructed to sequentially control the power-flow path within the epicyclic gear mechanism so as to provide three forward gears. An atlas of 3-speed rear hub bicycle transmissions is listed, where three devices are new design concepts and are suitable for further embodiment design. The results of this study will lead to the creation of new multi-speed rear hub bicycle transmissions.
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Wu, Yi-Chang, and Chin-Tsung Chan. "A novel bicycle rear hub transmission with a magnetic gear mechanism." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 10, no. 7 (July 2018): 168781401878482. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1687814018784825.

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This article proposes a new magnetic rear hub transmission for bicycles, which consists of a coaxial magnetic gear mechanism to serve as the speed-changing device and a speed control mechanism to govern the gear stage. A 3-speed magnetic hub transmission, including a low-speed gear, a direct-drive gear, and a high-speed gear, is designed and installed in the rear hub of a bicycle, which allows the rider to select different gears to adjust the pedaling force. For a new kind of rear hub transmission, kinematic analysis and power-flow path analysis are essential to validate the speed ratio and the power-flow path at each gear stage. They are also the fundamentals for the mechanical efficiency analysis. Here, a system’s kinematic equation, which is an analytical approach and analogous to the kinematics of a basic planetary gear train, for the presented coaxial magnetic gear mechanism is derived without considering the complex space harmonics of the magnetic flux density distribution presented in previous studies. Hence, the speed ratio at each gear stage of the magnetic hub transmission can be easily calculated.
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Wu, Yi Chang, Ming Yuan Chen, and Che Wei Chang. "Power-Flow Path Analysis of an Existing 8-Speed Bicycle Drive Hub." Applied Mechanics and Materials 764-765 (May 2015): 334–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.764-765.334.

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This paper presents kinematic analysis and power-flow analysis of an existing 8-speed bicycle drive hub by using the fundamental circuit method. First, a planetary gear mechanism, which consists of three basic planetary gear trains connected in series, and its clutching sequence table are introduced. Based on the fundamental circuits, six kinematic equations of the drive hub are derived. Then, the power-flow diagrams at related gears are illustrated based on the clutching sequence table, and the power-flow paths of the bicycle drive hub can be identified. The results of this study are beneficial to the development of multi-speed drive hubs for bicycles.
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Wu, Yi Chang, and Shi Liang Lin. "Conceptual Design of a 16-Speed Bicycle Drive Hub." Applied Mechanics and Materials 52-54 (March 2011): 279–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.52-54.279.

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This paper presents a design approach for the conceptual design of a novel 16-speed bicycle drive hub. First, a distributed-flow type planetary gear train, which consists of two parallel- connected transmission units and one differential unit, for the power transmission mechanism of a bicycle drive hub is proposed. Based on the kinematic analysis of the presented gear mechanism, a feasible clutching sequence is synthesized to provide 16 forward speeds. Then, the numbers of teeth of all gears are determined according to the desired velocity ratio of each speed. As a result, a schematic diagram of the embodiment of the proposed 16-speed drive hub is presented.
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Hsieh, Long Chang, and Hsiu Chen Tang. "The Kinematics of Eight-Speed Planetary Gear Hubs for Bicycles." Applied Mechanics and Materials 232 (November 2012): 955–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.232.955.

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Recently, bicycles are used as exercising machines and traffic vehicles. Planetary gear trains can be used as the transmission systems with multi-speed for bicycles. The purpose of this work is to propose a design methodology for the design of eight-speed internal gear hubs with planetary gear trains for bicycles. First, we propose a design concept for the design of eight-speed planetary gear hub. Then, based on this design concept and train value equation of planetary gear train, the kinematic design of eight-speed planetary gear hub is accomplished. One eight-speed planetary gear hub is synthesized to illustrate the design methodology. Based on the proposed design methodology, many eight-speed internal gear hubs with planetary gear trains can be synthesized.
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Guilbault, Raynald. "Tooth Influence on Flexural and Torsional Flexibility, and Model Tooth Number Prediction for Optimum Dynamic Simulation of Wide-Faced Spur Gears." Journal of Mechanical Design 128, no. 3 (August 4, 2005): 626–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2180808.

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Refined dynamic analyses of gear pairs, including precise tooth contact description, often lead to unreasonable simulation requirements. Therefore, numerous models employ simplifications, such as two-dimensional deflection of the engaged gear set, which is inappropriate for wide-faced wheels. Other models propose three-dimensional (3D) representation of one tooth on a complete hub. This approach introduces the torsional and flexural deflection of the gear body, but underestimates the corresponding stiffness. Since forthcoming improvements of gear analysis should offer efficient 3D dynamic simulation of wide-faced gear sets, this paper primarily quantifies the flexibility error levels implied with 3D one tooth full hub spur gear models. Subsequently, a procedure is developed to determine the number of teeth required for a 3D model so that it will include the torsional and flexural flexibility of the spur gear body, within acceptable error levels. This procedure offers an efficient approach to optimize the (precision)/(simulation time) ratio. The method deals with gears of any diametral pitch, and covers the common face width and tooth number ranges.
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Wu, Yi-Chang, and Li-An Chen. "A GEAR-SHIFTING MECHANISM WITH A ROTARY CONFIGURATION FOR APPLICATIONS IN A 16-SPEED BICYCLE TRANSMISSION HUB." Transactions of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering 40, no. 4 (November 2016): 597–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/tcsme-2016-0047.

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A multi-speed bicycle transmission hub includes a geared speed-changing mechanism for providing different speed ratios and a gear-shifting mechanism for controlling the gear stage. This paper focuses on the embodiment design of a mechanical gear-shifting mechanism with a rotary configuration used in a 16-speed transmission hub for bicycles. A 16-link, five-degrees of freedom (DOF) split-power epicyclic gear mechanism, which consists of a gear differential and four sets of parallel-connected basic planetary gear trains, is introduced. Based on the clutching sequence table, a systematic design process is developed to come up with the embodiment design of the gear-shifting mechanism. A feasible and compact 16-speed rear transmission hub for bicycles is presented.
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Baek, Seung Yub, Jung Shik Kong, and Hyung Seop Kim. "FEM Simulation of Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT) with Built in Gear Hub Type for Bicycles." Applied Mechanics and Materials 52-54 (March 2011): 1836–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.52-54.1836.

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The two kinds of bicycles of the power transmission types are derailleur type and built in gear hub type. Derailleur type is a simple structure but it is vulnerable to external contamination and impact. And it is impossible to shift from the quiescent state. Built in gear hub type is very strong about the external contamination and impact because working part did not expose to the outside. In this paper, a new design of a continuously variable transmission with built in gear hub type for bicycles was developed and simulated. Stress and displacement analysis in built in gear hub by using finite element method were performed in order to develop improved structure of CVT.
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Wu, Yi-Chang, and Zi-Heng Sun. "Design and Analysis of a Novel Speed-Changing Wheel Hub with an Integrated Electric Motor for Electric Bicycles." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2013 (2013): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/369504.

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The aim of this paper is to present an innovative electromechanical device which integrates a brushless DC (BLDC) hub motor with a speed-changing wheel hub stored on the rear wheel of an electric bicycle. It combines a power source and a speed-changing mechanism to simultaneously provide functions of power generation and transmission for electric bicycles. As part of the proposed integrated device, the wheel hub consists of a basic planetary gear train providing three forward speeds including a low-speed gear, a direct drive, and a high-speed gear. Each gear is manually controlled by the shift control sleeve to selectively engage or disengage four pawl-and-ratchet clutches based on its clutching sequence table. The number of gear teeth of each gear element of the wheel hub is synthesized. The BLDC hub motor is an exterior-rotor-type permanent-magnet synchronous motor. Two-dimensional finite-element analysis (FEA) software is employed to facilitate the motor design and performance analysis. An analysis of the power transmission path at each gear is provided to verify the validity of the proposed design. The results of this work are beneficial to the embodiment, design, and development of novel electromechanical devices for the power and transmission systems of electric bicycles.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Hub gear"

1

Pelíšek, Vojtěch. "Konstrukční návrh zubové spojky pro aplikaci v kolejové dopravě." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-444957.

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The aim of this work was to create a design of a gear coupling for railway vehicle application. The work presents a comprehensive view of this issue. First of all, a brief theoretical introduction to the issue is made. The practical part follows, where the design of the whole coupling and especially the newly designed solutions are described in detail. The strength analysis performed deal with the key components that are necessary to ensure safe operation. These analyses can be applied not only for this particular case, but also to gear couplings of different designs, because in principle these calculations do not differ much. In the last chapter, which deals with the dynamic model, all the theoretical assumptions are verified, especially the coupling movements and the applied loads. If the reader deals with the issue of gear couplings, not only in the railway industry, this work presents a comprehensive view of this component. The designed coupling and all performed simulations are really usable in operation.
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Guan, Dewei. "Design and Improve Energy Efficiency and Functionalities of Electrical Wheelchairs." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1369437973.

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Buogo, Rafaela Priscila Fernandes. "Desgaste de Fresa Caracol na usinagem de engrenagens." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/29052.

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Um dos métodos de fabricação de engrenagem em grande escala é baseado na usinagem por ferramentas de corte denominadas Cortador Hob ou Fresa Caracol. Esse método permite agilidade e precisão. A máquina e a ferramenta destinadas a esse processo são para aplicação específica na fabricação de dentados em engrenagens e eixos, fazendo-se necessário portanto um aprofundamento na otimização, melhor utilização dessas ferramentas. A não substituição da ferramenta no momento correto implica em dois problemas: ou ela poder ser trocada antes do término da vida ou ela pode ser usada em excesso e formar o chamado desgaste excessivo, o que reduz o número de afiações do cortador. O ponto a ser estudado o qual se trata essa dissertação é poder estimar a quantidade de peças a ser produzida com cada uma dessas ferramentas. Entretanto, sabe-se que uma mesma ferramenta pode ser aplicada a diversos tipos de peças, com variação de diâmetro e espessura, o que caracteriza a complexibilidade desse processo. Para isso foram coletados dados de usinagem e de desgaste da ferramenta em função das dimensões do par peça/ferramenta. Depois foram determinada curva padrão de desgaste em relação ao par peça/ferramenta e a partir dessa curva padrão, determinar a vida dos cortadores em quantidade de peças a serem fabricadas. Em seguida, os testes realizados puderam comprovar a efetividade dessa correlação.
The method of manufacture of gear on a large scale is based on process that use cutting tools, called Hob or “Caracol”. This method allows the speed and accuracy. The machine and tool designed for this process are specific for application in the manufacture of toothed gears and shafts. This making it necessary insight into the optimization of these tools. Failure to replace the tool at the right time involves two problems: or it can be exchanged before the end of life, or it can be overused and form the so-called excessive wear, which reduces the number of cutter sharpenings. The point of study from which it comes this work is to determine the quantity of parts to be produced with each of these tools, it know that the same tool can be applied to various types of pieces, ranging in diameter and thickness, which characterizes the complexity of this process. Therefore data about machining tool wear depending on the size of the pair part / tool were plotted collected. After that, standard curves of wear in relation to the pair part / tool and by this standard curve, to determine the life of the cutters in quantities of parts to be manufactured. Soon after, the tests performed could proved the effectiveness of this correlation.
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4

Irwin, Gary M. "Interactive 3-D computer-aided design of external spur gears cut by a hob." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/90943.

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An interactive program is presented which enhances the design of external spur gears cut by a hob. The program code calculates the geometry of an involute spur gear with trochoidal fillets and then uses the Graphical Kernel System (GKS), CADAM, and MOVIE.BYU to represent and display the gear. GKS, an international standard, is used to represent the gear in two dimensions; while the CAD/CAM system CADAM and the software package MOVIE.BYU accurately create wireframe geometric design models in three dimensions. Examples of the input parameters needed and each of the software packages in use are shown and explained.
M.S.
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Hinterlechner, Emelie, and Martina Wallin. "Närhet ger trygghet : Blivande föräldrars uppfattning om hud-mot-hudkontaktens betydelse för barnet, föräldrarna och kontakten dem emellan." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för vård, arbetsliv och välfärd, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-11958.

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Att det finns många positiva fördelar med att ha hud-mot-hudkontakt med det nyfödda barnet är forskningen överens om. Barnet får bland annat en stabilare kroppstemperatur, puls, andning och skriker mindre än barn som inte vistas hud-mot-hud. Utöver detta gynnas även amningen och självförtroendet hos de nyblivna föräldrarna ökar. Hud-mot- hudkontakt som vårdhandling är implementerat inom neonatalvården där det ingår som vårdrutin och där alla föräldrar uppmuntras aktivt att ha sina barn hud-mot-hud för att förbättra och påskynda tillfrisknandet. Trots att forskningen visar att friska, fullgångna barn drar samma fördelar av hud-mot-hudkontakt implementeras inte detta alltid på samma sätt. Forskning om vad blivande föräldrar har för uppfattning om hud-mot- hudkontaktens betydelse är sparsam. Därför undersöks detta i denna studie. Intervjuer genomfördes med nio föräldrapar från två medelstora städer i södra Sverige, som väntade barn i graviditetsvecka 22-37. Kvalitativ ansats och fenomenografisk analys valdes för att kartlägga parens uppfattningar. De kategorier som framkom var hud-mot- hudkontakt för anknytning och trygghet, hud-mot-hudkontakt som ett sätt att ta sig tid och hud-mot-hudkontakt; ett uttryck för instinkten att göra det rätta. Studien visade att föräldrar har en god uppfattning om hud-mot-hudkontaktens betydelse samt att de tänker sig att de vill ha hud-mot-hudkontakt med det barn de väntar. Deras uppfattning är att anknytning underlättas och grunden för barnets trygghet läggs med hjälp av hud- mot-hudkontakt. Hud-mot-hud uppfattas som ett sätt att umgås och underlättar amningen. De känner instinktivt att de vill göra det rätta för sina barn och att hud-mot- hudkontakt är ett sätt göra det rätta.
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Sabó, Marek. "Ruční dálkový ovladač pro robot Perseus." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-400714.

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This thesis deals with the design and implementation of application for control of mobile robot. In the introductory section is discussed used platform GEARS-SMP, the principle of functionality of protocol for servo motors control, format M-JPEG and standard H.264. Further work is dedicated to analysis of designing user interface in robotic applications, available options for control devices and hardware used in remote controller. The following part focuses on the design of robotic application, especially on graphic user interface and virtual head-up display and follow-up implementation of created application in Raspberry Pi. In the end, thesis describes implemented software solution and compares resulting application with the created design.
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Tang, Hsiu-Chen, and 唐修晨. "Research and development of the front gear hub for bicycle." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/se3ap3.

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碩士
國立虎尾科技大學
機械與機電工程研究所
97
The characteristics of front gear hubs are the important factors to influence the property, comfortable and safe of bicycle. Until now, the front gear hubs are the gear boxes and the planetary gear mechanism. The gear box of front gear hub has the disadvantage of heavy weight, it’s only used on downhill bike or cross-country bike. The planetary gear train has the advantage of compact size, the light weight, and simple structure, it is used in the mountain bike, the city bike, the foldaway bike. And, the planetary gear train of front gear hub for bicycle will become more and more popular. In this paper, we propose a design methodology for the invention of front gear hub and the design of control device for bicycle. According to the design methodology without changing the design of bottom-bracket (五通) of frame, the invention design, kinematic design, gear tooth profile design,, and prototype manufacture of front gear hubs are finished by using the planetary gear trains.First, analyze the patents and literatures of the gear hubs and conclude the design requirement and constraints of front gear hubs. Based on the design requirement, the five bar and six bar planetary gear trains are synthesized. Then, according to the kinematic and strength requirements of front gear hubs, the tooth profile and tooth numbers of planetary gear trains are synthesized. Finally, the engineering drawing of front gear hubs with planetary gear trains are manufacture to verify the design theorem.
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Jiann-Jyh, Kuo, and 郭建志. "On the Mechanism Investigation of the Internal Speed Gear Hub System for Chainless Bicycles." Thesis, 1998. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/50151227419139015110.

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碩士
大葉大學
機械工程研究所
86
In recent years the bicycle derailleur gears are specified by the government as the key parts to improve. Although the academy and industry are taking research and development on it, most of them focus on the detail design improvement of deraileur gears, which are also extensively sold in market. But this kind of derailleur has already been well developed and is hardly improved any more. So the chainless bicycles should be a good point of view to focus on. For chainless bicycles, transfer the power is transferred to the wheels directly via a rotating shaft without any chain, so it is clean, noiseless, and without any chain-misengagement. The bicycle''s internal speed gear hub with epicyclic gears have some good properties:1. It takes less volume, so they can easily be setup inside the rear wheel without space limitation.2. More stability when changing speed, and this would improve the mechanical efficiency.3. The shaft and the gears are protected by covers, and would neither easily been damaged by outside particles, nor polluted by the dirty environment. Therefore, the use of internal speed gear hubs is an important alternative for the bicycle''s transmission system, and the research on them will make the industry of bicycles more flourished. In this research, we deeply study both chainless transmission and internal multi-speed gear hubs, and derive some theorems to analyze the results. By taking on the type synthesis and number synthesis, we construct the atlas of chainless transmissions and internal speed gear hubs. And we devise many new internal multi-speed hubs to get more speed shifts of bicycles. Keywords: bicycle, chainless bicycle, internal speed gear hub, type synthesis, number synthesis.
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梁立奇. "Profile Error Analysis of Gear Hob Resharpened by Hob Resharpener." Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/82399229700400368389.

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碩士
國立中正大學
機械系
89
Hob is widely used in gear manufacturing. The precision and cutting edge sharpness of hob are maintained by correct and accurate re-sharpening. The hob sharpener and the cutting edge flute of hob are mathematically modeled in the thesis. The machine settings of hob sharpener and the profile of the grinding wheel can be determined by the proposed mathematical model. Assume the geometry of cutting edge flute of hob are known, we use the equations of flute to derive the machine settings of hob sharpener and the geometry of the grinding wheel. Singularity of the ground flute was studied to avoid undesired undercutting. Sensitivity analysis of machine settings is also studied to identify the accuracy requirement of each machine setting. Based on the results of this thesis, a hob sharpener was designed by Luren co. and three hob sharpening machines has been manufactured in MIRL/ITRI. The accuracy of the machine based on the proposed mathematical model was acceptable.
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Lin, Guan-Hau, and 林冠豪. "The study of gear cutter measurement using involute hob." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/08984045480595555225.

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碩士
國立中正大學
機械工程學系暨研究所
103
Gear measurement has always being one of important skills for improving gear accuracy. The coordinate measuring machine is the most commonly used and also is the best way for inspecting gear accuracy. Generally, Klingeknberg’s measuring machine of series P and Leitz’s pmmc are the most common used machine for measuring gear cutter. However, gear cutter measurement belongs to a specific measuration method, so it needed to purchase additional mold and positioned with an object. This paper used involute hob which is the most commonly used machining tool as the object of study. This paper aims at inspecting measurement error of hob and constructing its path plan. The author references gear cutter standard and observes Klingelnberg’s measuring machine to measure the path of hob. Through writing the code such as path plan measurement of profile and lead, the author put the measuring probe moving along the direction of helix on the hob blade side till the probe leaveing to the cutting edge. Thus, the author can get the actual measurement data through path measurement. In order to examine the validity of measuring path and the error accuracy standards of gear hob, the author set up mathematical of gear cutting edge. In order to set up the measurement path of gear hob, the author proceeds error comparison between actual measurement data and mathematical method, evaluating error precision, and outputting through report model for reference. Keywords:Iinvolute Hob,Coordinate Measuring Machine,Gear
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Books on the topic "Hub gear"

1

"Gesa'er" yu Cang zu wen hua. Huhehaote Shi: Nei Menggu da xue chu ban she, 1994.

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Jianzancairang, Gang, and Lunzhuwangmu, eds. Gesa'er wen hua yan jiu. Lanzhou: Gansu ren min chu ban she, 2010.

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Shi qian she hui yu Gesaer shi dai. Lanzhou Shi: Gansu min zu chu ban she, 2001.

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E, Petersen Eugene. Making gears: By the single-toothed hob method. Lafayette, Calif: Knoll, 2000.

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Yi ren, wen ben he yu jing: Wen hua pi ping shi ye xia de Gesa'er shi shi chuan tong = STORYTELLER, TEXT AND CONTEXT. Xining Shi: Qinghai ren min chu ban she, 2014.

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Hui zu Yisilan jiao yu xi bu she hui de xie tiao fa zhan: Yi Ningxia Wuzhong Shi wei yan jiu ge an = Huizu Yisilanjiao yu xibu shehui de xietiao fazhan : yi Ningxia Wuzhongshi wei yanjiu gean. Beijing: Zong jiao wen hua chu ban she, 2010.

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Zhongguo jin dai jiao hui nü zi da xue ban xue yan jiu: Yi Jinling nü zi da xue wei ge an = Zhongguo jindai jiaohui nüzi daxue banxue yanjiu : yi Jinlingnüzidaxue wei gean. Nanjing: Nanjing shi fan da xue chu ban she, 2008.

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Li xing xuan ze yu zhi du shi shi: Zhongguo nong cun cun min wei yuan hui xuan ju de ge an yan jiu = Lixing xuanze yu zhidu shishi : Zhongguo nongcun cunmin weiyuanhui xuanju de gean yanjiu. Shanghai shi: Shanghai yuan dong chu ban she, 2001.

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Zi wo, jue se yu xiang tu she hui: Dui min jian er ren zhuan yi ren ji qi sheng huo shi jie de ge an yan jiu = Ziwo, juese yu xiangtu shehui : dui minjian errenzhuan yiren jiqi shenghuo shijie de gean yanjiu. Beijing: Zhong yang min zu da xue chu ban she, 2011.

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Chuen-Huei, Liou, United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., and U.S. Army Research Laboratory., eds. Using hob offset to balance dynamic strength in spur gears. [Washington, DC]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "Hub gear"

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Magiri, Royford, Kaampwe Muzandu, George Gitau, Kennedy Choongo, and Paul Iji. "Impact of Climate Change on Animal Health, Emerging and Re-emerging Diseases in Africa." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 1835–51. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_19.

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AbstractThe threat of climate change and global warming is gaining worldwide recognition. The African continent, because of its size, diversity, and its new status as a “hub” of livestock production, need to gear up to mitigate the possible impacts of climate change on animal health. The aim of this review article is to summarize the current state of knowledge regarding the influence of climate and climate change on the health of food-producing animals. Depending on its intensity and duration, heat stress may directly affect livestock health by causing metabolic disruptions, oxidative stress, and immune suppression, causing increased disease susceptibility, and death. Animal health could also be affected by emergence and re-emergence of vector- and non-vector-borne pathogens that are highly dependent on climatic conditions. The response to these challenges requires community participation in the adaptation of animal production systems to new environments and strengthening the efficiency of veterinary services delivery combined with well-coordinated public health services, since many emerging human diseases are zoonotic.
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Zhengxu, Zhao, R. W. Baines, and Wang Zhihong. "Optimising Parameters in Gear Hob Manufacturing to Reduce Gear Transmission Vibration and Wear." In Rotordynamics ’92, 217–24. London: Springer London, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-1979-1_27.

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Poluektov, E. A., B. A. Lopatin, and S. V. Plotnikova. "Working Surface Calculation of Teeth Bevel Gear Helical-Bevel Gearing at Milling with Hob." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 9–16. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22063-1_2.

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Ishimaru, Ryohei, Isao Sakuragi, and Naoshi Izumi. "A Fundamental Study on the Improvement for Chipping Characteristics in Gear Hobbing with Carbide Tipped Hob." In Power Transmissions, 543–52. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6558-0_43.

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"Fits Between the Shaft and the Hub and Fits Between the Hub and the Shaft." In Gear Motor Handbook, 234–53. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79589-3_10.

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"Hub Gears." In Effective Cycling. The MIT Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/8964.003.0019.

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Kapelevich, A. L., and Y. V. Shekhtman. "Optimization of asymmetric tooth root generated with protuberance hob." In International Conference on Gears 2019, 403–14. VDI Verlag, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.51202/9783181023556-403.

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Lubke, K. "Virtual gauge for splined shaft-hub joints – Quality inspection and assembly of involute splines in the context of Industry 4.0." In International Conference on Gears 2019, 1497–508. VDI Verlag, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.51202/9783181023556-1497.

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Taber, Douglass F. "Metal-Mediated Ring Construction: The Hoveyda Synthesis of (–)-Nakadomarin A." In Organic Synthesis. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190200794.003.0077.

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John F. Hartwig of the University of California, Berkeley effected (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2013, 135, 3375) selective borylation of the cyclopropane 1 to give 2. It would be particularly useful if this borylation could be made enantioselective. Eric M. Ferreira of Colorado State University showed (Org. Lett. 2013, 15, 1772) that the enantomeric excess of 3 was transferred to the highly substituted cyclopropane 4. Antonio M. Echavarren of ICIQ Tarragona demonstrated (Org. Lett. 2013, 15, 1576) that Au-mediated cyclobutene construction could be used to form the medium ring of 6. Joseph M. Fox of the University of Delaware developed (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2013, 135, 9283) what promises to be a general enantioselective route to cyclobutanes such as 8 by way of the intermediate bicyclobutane (not illustrated). Huw M.L. Davies of Emory University reported (Org. Lett. 2013, 15, 310) a preliminary investigation in this same direction. Masahisa Nakada of Waseda University prepared (Org. Lett. 2013, 15, 1004) the cyclopentane 10 by enantioselective cyclization of 9 followed by reductive opening. Young-Ger Suh of Seoul National University cyclized (Org. Lett. 2013, 15, 531) the lactone 11 to the cyclopentane 12. Xavier Ariza and Jaume Farràs of the Universitat de Barcelona optimized (J. Org. Chem. 2013, 78, 5482) the Ti-mediated reductive cyclization of 13 to 14. The hydrogenation catalyst reduced the intermediate Ti–C bond without affecting the alkene. Erick M. Carreira of ETH Zürich observed (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2013, 52, 5382) that a sterically demanding Rh catalyst mediated the highly diastereoselective cyclization of 15 to 16. The ketone 16 was the key intermediate in a synthesis of the epoxyisoprostanes. Jianrong (Steve) Zhou of Nanyang Technological University used (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2013, 52, 4906) a Pd catalyst to effect the coupling of 17 with the prochiral 18. Geum-Sook Hwang and Do Hyun Ryu of Sungkyunkwan University devised (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2013, 135, 7126) a boron catalyst to effect the addition of the diazo ester 21 to 20. They showed that the sidechain stereocenter was effective in directing the subsequent hydrogenation of 22.
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Conference papers on the topic "Hub gear"

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Casteel, Elizabeth A., and Mark Archibald. "A Study on the Efficiency of Bicycle Hub Gears." In ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2013-64507.

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This study experimentally measured the efficiency of new generation bicycle hub gears. Since efficiency of bicycle drivetrains can be very close to 100% and vary by small amounts between gears bias errors and measurement accuracy must be identified and controlled. For this study an ergometer frame was altered to support research test equipment. A 1 HP motor and gearbox were used to drive the crankshaft. The hubs were attached directly to the steel flywheel using shortened bicycle spokes, eliminating extra chains or drive components. This setup minimizes measurement uncertainty in the drivetrain. Force-transducers were used to measure the motor and flywheel torque, and two magnetic reed switches were used to measure the speed of the motor and flywheel. Efficiency for each individual gear in each hub was calculated for 14 different power speed combinations. The efficiency of each gear was plotted against flywheel Torque, and an exponential model was fit to the data. This model accounts for known variations in efficiency with power and speed, and provides insight into the torque-speed-efficiency relationship. Four internally-geared hubs were measured and compared with a single speed direct drive train and a belt drive. The internal planetary gear hubs measured were the Shimano Alfine 11, Rohloff 500/14 Speedhub, SRAM Dual-Drive, and the Sturmey Archer X-RK8(W). In addition a single-speed direct chain drive, a single-speed belt drive, and a 7-speed derailleur system were measured. The efficiency of the Shimano Alfine ranged from 90.4% to 96.6%. The efficiency of the Rohloff speed hub ranged from 95.8% to 99.5%. The efficiency of the Sturmey Archer hub ranged from 84.6% to 99.8%. The efficiency of the single speed chain drive was found to be 99.71% and the belt drive 98.0%. The efficiency of the 7-speed derailleur ranged from 97.7% to 99.4%. These values found for efficiency are comparable to other studies.
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Wang, Meng, David Angland, and Aline Scotto. "Interaction Noise from Tandem Landing Gear Wheels with Hub and Rim Cavities." In 23rd AIAA/CEAS Aeroacoustics Conference. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2017-3014.

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Sunil, Bharath, Abhijith Vijayakumar, Surya Balaji, Vaishnav Shajikumar, E. P. Sreedev, K. V. Shankar, and P. P. Harishankar. "A comparative study on the analysis of wheel hub for landing gear application." In PROCEEDINGS OF INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON RECENT TRENDS IN MECHANICAL AND MATERIALS ENGINEERING: ICRTMME 2019. AIP Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0025423.

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Wang, Meng, David Angland, Xin Zhang, and Ryu J. Fattah. "High-Order Numerical Simulations of An Isolated Landing Gear Wheel with A Hub Cavity." In 22nd AIAA/CEAS Aeroacoustics Conference. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2016-2902.

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Janardhanan, V., and Mohan V. Kher. "Analysis of Variations in Backlash Between Ring Gear and Planets in a Hub Reduction Axle." In SAE 2007 Commercial Vehicle Engineering Congress & Exhibition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2007-01-4256.

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Traeger, Mattias F., Daniel B. Roppenecker, and Tim C. Lueth. "A laser sintered miniature gear hub for a surgical robot and the maximum torque it can transmit." In 2012 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics (ROBIO). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/robio.2012.6491110.

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Su, Tinghui, Zheng Cao, Yimin Shao, Liming Wang, Hongwu Li, Yan Cheng, and Jin Xu. "Vibration Characteristics of Friction Plate of a 6-Speed Planetary Gear Train Base on Multi-Body Dynamic Model." In ASME 2017 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2017-67045.

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As braking components, friction plates are key components in automobile transmissions. Due to tough working conditions, i.e. high speed, high friction, fracture and plastic deformation are easily observed in friction plates. However, most of previous studies mainly focused on the chemical analysis of the fracture friction plate, the researches on impact damage have rarely published in the listed literature. In order to investigate the impact damage for friction plate, a dynamic model for a friction plate of a 6-speed planetary gear train is established based on multi-body theory. The dynamic model of planetary gear transmission mechanism is constructed. The rotating speed of the inner hub is obtained. Furthermore, the contact force between the friction plate and the inner hub is calculated. The relationship between the vibration characteristics of the friction plate and operation conditions are studied.
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Hernandez, Krista, Dania Wilson, Kyle Ressel, Justus Nwoke, Martin Soto, and M. Salim Azzouz. "Gear Based Quasi-Continuous Variable Transmission for Wind Turbines." In ASME 2015 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2015-50683.

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Over the past decade wind turbines have been proven to be a competitive contender to produce cheap electricity. Their output electrical power went from few dozens of watts to several megawatts, and this trend is continuing to increase as they become larger in size. Most of these wind turbines are typically regulated through a set of controls acting on the electricity generator workload. These controls are achieved through the use of power electronics controlling the electrical load on the generator for variable speed wind turbine. This paper explores the possibility of implementing an alternative control system in variable wind speed turbines using a special gearbox with a high number of close consecutive discrete gear ratios. The proposed gear based Quasi-Continuous Variable Transmission, called QCVT, allows a variable speed at the input shaft and delivers a quasi-constant speed at the output shaft of the gearbox. The system consists of a special drivetrain assembly of spur gears run and controlled automatically through a set of clutch power shifters. The clutches are used to shift a set of compound gears, thus modifying the drivetrain total gear ratio. The designed system can produce up to 625 gear ratios and acts as a quasi-continuously variable transmission between the wind turbine hub and the electricity generator which requires a constant entry speed delivering a frequency of 60 Hz. The gearing transmission system has been designed using the SolidWorks CAD software for modeling and simulation and the gearing design theory has been used to dimension the special drivetrain assembly of spur gears. The kinematic gearing theory has been used to establish the multitude of close consecutive discrete gearing ratios of the transmission system. A wind driven rotor model for the wind turbine power coefficient has been used to determine the power absorbed by the wind turbine from the blowing wind and the power delivered to the electricity generator. The wind turbine torque generated by the wind and the torque produced at the electricity generator have also been determined using the multitude of gear ratios of the designed drivetrain. A new control law is established to keep the wind turbine generator running at a quasi-constant speed while producing maximum power. Considering the QCVT with its numerous close and consecutive gear ratios as the main torque regulator, the wind turbine system is expected to deliver the right needed torque for a specified electrical load. A set of results featuring how the electricity generator power and torque can be controlled by shifting the ratios of drivetrain transmissions are delivered. A particular emphasis is put on maximizing the generator delivered power using controlled gear ratios while the speed of the wind is changing. A small scale prototype of the QCVT powertrain transmission has been designed and built for concept demonstration and testing purposes.
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Bolen, Rachel, and Mark Archibald. "Experimental Determination of the Efficiency of a Multi-Speed Bicycle Transmission." In ASME 2017 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2017-70880.

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The efficiencies of gears in a multi-speed bicycle gearbox transmission were measured and efforts were taken to establish measurement repeatability. Data collected from this apparatus challenges manufacturers to improve their product lines. Given that cyclists are limited in their ability to sustain power supplied through pedaling, minimizing drivetrain losses is very important. Previous researchers have measured various bicycle drives, including chains and belts, multi-speed derailleur sets and multi-speed hub gear transmissions. This study continued to measure the efficiency of a Pinion P1.12 multi-speed crank transmission. Repeatability studies were performed using a custom apparatus, capable of providing a wide range of input speed, output power and configuration adjustments and the experiment procedure was adjusted accordingly. Efficiency was evaluated as the ratio of flywheel power to motor power over fourteen combinations of crank speed and output power for each gear. The means and 95% confidence intervals for these efficiencies were calculated, and a nonlinear regression was used to model the data as an exponential function of output torque. The mean of the means was calculated and fit with an exponential curve. Gear efficiency was determined to be the efficiency at infinite output torque, although this theoretical value is only approached at moderate cycling torques. Results indicate these transmissions are comparable to many modern multispeed geared bicycle hubs, ranging from 91.6–94.95%. Single-speed and derailleur systems can obtain higher efficiencies. However, the Pinion transmission provides enhanced reliability, reduced maintenance and relocates the majority of the drive weight to the middle of the bicycle. A repeatability study was conducted on the P1.12 transmission.
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Manikandan, Arumugampillai, and Zeeshan Anwar. "Case Study: Consecutive Failure of Lube Oil Cooler Fans Coupling." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/206120-ms.

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Abstract Do we analyze on why can even the most reliable turbomachinery are getting failure and stopped? In some cases, it's all about bad installation or design literally. This paper explores the challenges one site had with repeated failure of lube oil fin fan coolers coupling which caused the unit availability of more than 3 months. It outlines the troubleshooting attempts made to remedy this issue, its root cause, and the resulting solution. This issue occurred at a site with a train configuration of motor driven centrifugal compressors. The plant lube oil system has been configured with 3 trains. Each train has been configured with Main electric motor + Vorecon Gearbox + Low Pressure centrifugal compressor + High Pressure centrifugal compressor. Lube oil system of the train has been configured as 2 lube oil coolers and 2 working oil coolers. Lube oil coolers are having fins with air cooler type. Air is supplied by fin fans and each train has 2 lube oil cooler fans and 2 working oil cooler fans. In total site has 3 trains x 4 fin fans so it has 12 fin fan cooler fans. All cooler fans are driven by electric motor which is coupled with gearbox and gear box is connected with cooler fan. During normal operation of working oil cooler fan A- stopped rotation suddenly from normal operation. During investigation, motor shaft was found running freely. No movement was seen on cooler fan. Coupling between motor to gearbox was inspected. Coupling is shear plate coupling. Its spacer flexible element were found broken into several pieces. Further investigation revealed that motor coupling hub was moving free axially back and forth due to clearance between motor shaft to coupling hub internal diameter. Motor side Coupling hub bolt hole was found with loss of material and ovality in shape. Hub locking Allen screw was found in damaged condition. Missing materials were noted and broken shear plate materials were found around coupling guard area. While site team was conducting the investigation on the unit A, similar incident occurred in next unit and other 3 units with 2 days difference between them. During detailed investigation it has been noted that all motor to gear box coupling are shear plates and shear plates were broken. Coupling hub was found loose and coupling hub locking screw was found broken or partial damage.
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Reports on the topic "Hub gear"

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Kano, Masaki, Keiichiro Tobisawa, Kohei Saiki, Takeshi Yokoyama, and Akira Ono. A New Design System for Face-Hob Type Hypoid Gears. Warrendale, PA: SAE International, September 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2005-08-0573.

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Hellström, Lisa, and Linda Beckman. "Det är lite mer så här mainstream att ha psykisk ohälsa" : Samtal om ungas behov och livsfärdigheter. Malmö universitet, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24834/isbn.9789178771691.

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Denna rapport ingår i forskningsprojektet Att skapa goda livsfärdigheter bland unga. Den första delrapporten var en nationell och internationell kartläggning över initiativ och insatser för att främja psykisk hälsa bland unga. Bland insatser som verkar mer lovande – och till synes har goda möjligheter att göra skillnad för ungas psykiska hälsa - framträder insatser vars syfte är att höja kunskapen om psykisk hälsa bland unga och vuxna. Ökad kunskap om psykisk hälsa har visat sig vara ett viktigt verktyg för att utveckla färdigheter i hur man tolkar och förstår sina egna känslor och sin kropp och när man behöver kontakta vården. Dessutom är dessa insat-ser ofta samhällsekonomiskt kostnadseffektiva, eftersom de ger unga bättre livsfärdigheter och på sikt leder till minskat vårdsökande och bättre förutsättningar att klara skolan och i förlängningen arbetslivet. Sådana satsningar går även i linje med Barnkonventionen 24§ om alla barns rätt till bästa möjliga hälsa, som sedan 2020 är lag i Sverige. Rekommendat-ioner från den första delrapporten innefattar att rusta unga med färdigheter för att möta livets svårigheter och höja kunskapen om psykisk ohälsa. Det handlar också om att bistå vuxna med kunskap om psykisk hälsa och verk-tyg som främjar hälsa för att kunna stödja unga. Insatser för att främja unga personers hälsa bör följas upp under en längre tid.I denna rapport presenteras röster från unga och yrkesverksamma vuxna i ungas närhet om ungas livssituation kopplat till livsfärdigheter, psykisk hälsa och behov av stöd. Genom att lyssna in unga kan vi bättre hitta framgångsfaktorer för att främja ungas psykiska hälsa och välbefinnande.
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Kløcker Larsen, Rasmus, and Maria Boström. “Renen får aldrig betesro”: Konsekvenser av Bolidens gruva och vägen i Stihkeområdet för Voernese sameby. Stockholm Environment Institute, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51414/sei2021.008.

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Denna rapport presenterar en studie av Voernese samebys erfarenheter av de konsekvenser som gruvan i Stihkeområdet fört med sig, en gruva som drevs av Boliden Mineral AB mellan år 1976–1988. Det finns i dag ett stort kunskapsglapp angående vilka de faktiska konsekvenserna är av gruvindustri på renskötsel och annan samisk markanvändning. Detta är så vitt vi vet första gången som forskningen empiriskt belyser konsekvenserna av gruvindustrin och försöken till efterbehandling av gruvområdet utifrån en samebys egna erfarenheter och kunskap. Studien genomfördes 2019–2020 i ett samarbete mellan samebyn, Svenska Samernas Riksförbund och SEI. Datainsamlingen har bestått av arbetsmöten, intervjuer, workshops, dokumentanalys och kartering med stöd av RenGIS och forskning om störningszoner. Fokus i denna rapport är på just Voernese samebys erfarenheter, gruvans konsekvenser för andra samebyar eller icke-renskötande samer i området har därför inte inkluderats. Resultaten visar den omfattande påverkan som gruvan haft på samebyn, dels under driftperioden men i högsta grad också efteråt. Eftersom samebyn bedriver samrenskötsel i Stihkeområdet med Vilhelmina Södra sameby, på vars mark gruvverksamheten bedrevs, har samebyn påverkats både av direkta markförluster och betesskador från gruvområdet liksom andra störningarna under drifttiden. I nutid handlar de största konsekvenserna om påverkan från vägen som drogs i tidigare väglöst land och störningarna på renen från besöksnäringen. Detta har försvårat för renen att finna betesro, inneburit omfattande merarbete och ökade kostnader för samebyn vid samling och flytt, samt medfört stress och oro för samebyns medlemmar liksom även förlust av traditionell kunskap. Renskötseln försvåras även av kvarlämnade borrör och järnskrot från SGU:s provborrningar. Studien visar också hur samebyn exkluderades från beslutsfattandet när Bolidens gruva etablerades på 1970-talet och nu återigen har marginaliserats i samband med tillståndsprövningen för Vilhelmina Minerals planer för återupptagning av brytningen. Dessa forskningsresultat är viktiga för att korrigera en vanlig missuppfattning i den politiska och offentliga debatten kring gruvindustrin: att gruvindustri och renskötsel skulle kunna samexistera utan någon större påverkan på renskötseln. De bidrar också till en ökad förståelse för den omfattande påverkan som ett gruvprojekt, samt dess följdeffekter, kan ha på en grannsameby trots det att själva gruvområdet ligger utanför samebygränsen. I ett vidare perspektiv bidrar studien med ytterligare ett empiriskt baserat exempel på hur gruvbolag och stat marginaliserar samisk kunskap och missbrukar samebyars deltagande i miljöbedömningar. Dessa problem härrör främst från det faktum att svensk lagstiftning inte ger tillräckligt skydd för samiska rättigheter. Det hänger även ihop med statens tvetydiga roll i hanteringen av de intressekonflikter som uppstår när man både har en skyldighet att skydda samiska rättigheter och ska tillgodose olika samhälls- och företagsekonomiska intressen i utvinningen av mineraler. Denna brist på ansvarstagande, som samebyn upplever från statens sida, visar med all tydlighet att den koloniala exploateringen av naturresurserna i Sápmi inte är ett historiskt fenomen utan något som i högsta grad fortgår än i dag. Som ett exempel har inga ansträngningar gjorts för att se över om den begränsade ekonomiska ersättningen som staten genomförde under 1960–70 talet verkligen motsvarar de faktiska skador som samebyn fått uthärda. På kortare sikt skulle många förbättringar troligen kunna åstadkommas genom enskilda insatser för att adressera de problem som samebyn har i Stihkeområdet. Exempelvis skulle kommun och länsstyrelse kunna ingripa för att hantera de problem som besöksnäringen och friluftslivet orsakar och regeringen skulle kunna ge SGU i uppdrag att återställa tidigare prospekteringsverksamhet i Stihkeområdet. Vad denna studie främst belyser är dock behovet av en mer genomgripande strategi från statens sida för att komma till rätta med konsekvenserna av Bolidens gruvprojekt och dess följdeffekter. Utifrån senaste årens rättsutveckling torde det numera finnas goda möjligheter för staten att se över sitt ansvar för de skador som framkommit i Stihkeområdet.
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