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Journal articles on the topic 'HSUPA'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 20 February 2023

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1

Orozco Iguasnia, Fausto, Milton Andrade Salazar, Jaime Orozco Iguasnia, and Mercedes Villarroel Sánchez. "Uso de tecnología HSPA (HSPA +) y su evolución con la generación de los celulares." Revista Científica y Tecnológica UPSE 4, no. 1 (May 25, 2017): 164–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.26423/rctu.v4i1.246.

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La necesidad la tecnología HSPA+ or Evolved High Speed Packet Access también es conocido como HSPA evolution, surgió con la creciente utilización de los datos y los usuarios que desean velocidades de descarga mucho más eficiente, en Ecuador CNT para el 2014 se propuso implementar 491 radio bases HSPA+ para alcanzar una cobertura del 84 por ciento de la población ecuatoriana y desde entonces ha alcanzado una excelente cobertura a nivel nacional. El objetivo de este trabajo es realizar un análisis de la tecnología HSPA +, así como también su evolución a partir de la generación de los celulares, en la segunda etapa se hablará de HSPA sus ventajas, arquitectura de red, estructura de protocolos en la cual se verá la capa MAC y la capa RLC, en la tercera etapa HSDPA su arquitectura de red, sus principales mejoras, estructura de protocolos, handover en HSDPA, en la cuarta etapa HSUPA su arquitectura de red, estructura de protocolos, sus principales mejoras, sus canales y handover HSUPA, en la etapa 5 hablaremos la evolución de HSPA + dentro del release 7.AbstractThe need for HSPA + technology or Evolved High Speed Packet Access is also known as HSPA evolution, emerged with the growing use of data and users wanting download speeds much more efficient, in Ecuador CNT for 2014 set out to implement 491 radio bases HSPA + to reach coverage of 84 percent of the Ecuadorian population and since then reaching an excellent coverage at the national level. The objective of this work is to perform an analysis of the HSPA + technology, as well as its evolution from the generation of the cellular, in the second stage we will talk about HSPA its advantages, network architecture, structure of protocols in which we will see The MAC layer and the RLC layer, in the third stage HSDPA its network architecture, its main improvements, protocol structure, handover in HSDPA, in the fourth stage HSUPA its network architecture, protocol structure, its main improvements, its channels And handover HSUPA, in stage 5 we will discuss the evolution of HSPA + within release 7

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2

Mohammed Enan, Osama Abdallah, and Dr Amin Babiker A/Nabi Mustafa. "Comparative Study between UMTS, HSDPA and HSUPA." IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering 9, no. 4 (2014): 21–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/2834-09442130.

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3

Brueck, Stefan, Enrico Jugl, Hans-Juergen Kettschau, Michael Link, Jens Mueckenheim, and Andrei Zaporozhets. "Radio resource management in HSDPA and HSUPA." Bell Labs Technical Journal 11, no. 4 (March 9, 2007): 151–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bltj.20201.

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4

Gozalvez, Javier. "First HSUPA live demonstrations [Mobile Radio]." IEEE Vehicular Technology Magazine 1, no. 4 (December 2006): 60–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mvt.2006.343633.

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5

Et Tolba, Mohamed, Samir Saoudi, Raphaël Visoz, and Tarik Ait-Idir. "Chip-Level HARQ Chase Combining for HSUPA." Research Letters in Communications 2009 (2009): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/230276.

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Hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) is used in high-speed uplink packet access (HSUPA) to increase the data rate. Chase combining is the simplest of HARQ algorithms. It provides a time diversity and requires a small memory. In this paper, we propose a technique to increase the chase combining efficiency. In this method, HARQ transmissions are seen as additional receive antennas which are jointly combined at chip-level using a space-time linear minimum square error (LMMSE). We demonstrate that the chase combining diversity gain is considerably increased especially for high-order modulation.

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6

Al khairy, M., and M. A. El-saidny. "Uplink quality measurement reporting mechanism for HSUPA." IEEE Communications Magazine 46, no. 6 (June 2008): 68–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mcom.2008.4539468.

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7

Soy, İsmet Çağdaş, Aysel Şafak, and Hande Bakiler. "Active Set Size Effects at HSUPA in WCDMA Systems." International Journal of Applied Mathematics, Electronics and Computers 3, no. 3 (June 25, 2015): 146. http://dx.doi.org/10.18100/ijamec.76437.

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8

Liao, Dan, and Lemin Li. "Opportunistic Scheduling with QoS Constraints for Multiclass Services HSUPA System." ETRI Journal 29, no. 2 (April 9, 2007): 201–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4218/etrij.07.0106.0187.

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9

Alinejad, Ali, Nada Y. Philip, and Robert S. H. Istepanian. "Cross-Layer Ultrasound Video Streaming Over Mobile WiMAX and HSUPA Networks." IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine 16, no. 1 (January 2012): 31–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/titb.2011.2154384.

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10

You, Si-qing, Jin Zhang, Ya-feng Wang, and Da-cheng Yang. "A Novel Intercell Interference Control Based on Scheduling for TD-SCDMA HSUPA." Journal of Electronics & Information Technology 30, no. 11 (April 14, 2011): 2561–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1146.2007.00624.

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11

Ahmed, Bazil Taha, and Enrique Rebollo García. "WCDMA Uplink Capacity of Highways Cigar-Shaped Microcells with Incorporated HSUPA Service." Wireless Personal Communications 65, no. 1 (February 11, 2011): 83–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11277-011-0229-3.

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12

Ahmed, Bazil Taha, and Enrique Rebollo García. "WCDMA uplink capacity of high-altitude platforms (HAPs) macrocells with incorporated HSUPA service." annals of telecommunications - annales des télécommunications 68, no. 9-10 (December 21, 2012): 569–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12243-012-0349-0.

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13

Conti, J. P. "HSDPA inside." Communications Engineer 4, no. 4 (August 1, 2006): 32–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ce:20060407.

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14

Cho, Tae-Kyung. "HSPA/HSPA+ Terminal Signal Measurement Algorithm and Software." Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 60, no. 1 (March 1, 2011): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5370/kieep.2011.60.1.037.

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15

Ng, Enders K. W., Stuart A. Thompson, Guillermo I. Pérez-Pérez, Imad Kansau, Arie van der Ende, Agnès Labigne, Joseph J. Y. Sung, S. C. Sydney Chung, and Martin J. Blaser. "Helicobacter pylori Heat Shock Protein A: Serologic Responses and Genetic Diversity." Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology 6, no. 3 (May 1, 1999): 377–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cdli.6.3.377-382.1999.

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ABSTRACT Helicobacter pylori synthesizes an unusual GroES homolog, heat shock protein A (HspA). The present study was aimed at an assessment of the serological response to HspA in a group of Chinese patients with defined gastroduodenal pathologies and determination of whether diversity is present in the nucleotide sequences encoding HspA in isolates from these patients. Serum samples collected from 154 patients who had an upper gastrointestinal pathology and the presence of H. pylori defined by biopsy were tested for an immunoglobulin G (IgG) serologic response to H. pylori HspA by an enzyme linked immunosorbant assay. HspA-encoding nucleotide sequences in H. pylori isolates from 14 patients (7 seropositive and 7 seronegative for HspA) were analyzed by PCR and direct sequencing of the PCR products. The sequencing results were compared to those of 48 isolates from other parts of the world. Of the 154 known H. pylori-positive patients, 54 (35.1%) were seropositive for HspA. The A domain (GroES homology) of HspA was highly conserved in the 14 isolates tested. Although the B domain (metal-binding site unique to H. pylori) resembled that in the known major variant, particular amino acid substitutions allowed definition of an HspA variant associated with isolates from East Asia. There were no associations between patient characteristics and HspA seropositivity or amino acid sequences. We confirmed in this study that the clinical outcomes of H. pylori infection are not related to HspA antigenicity or to sequence variation. However, B-domain sequence variation may be a marker for the study of the genetic diversity of H. pylori strains of different geographic origins.

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16

Dao, Thi-Kien, Trong-The Nguyen, Vinh-Tiep Nguyen, and Trinh-Dong Nguyen. "A Hybridized Flower Pollination Algorithm and Its Application on Microgrid Operations Planning." Applied Sciences 12, no. 13 (June 26, 2022): 6487. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12136487.

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The meta-heuristic algorithms have been applied to handle various real-world optimization problems because their approach closely resembles natural human thinking and processing relatively quickly. Flowers pollination algorithm (FPA) is one of the advanced meta-heuristic algorithms; still, it has suffered from slow convergence and insufficient accuracy when dealing with complicated problems. This study suggests hybridizing the FPA with the sine–cosine algorithm (call HSFPA) to avoid FPA drawbacks for microgrid operations planning and global optimization problems. The objective function of microgrid operations planning is constructed based on the power generation distribution system’s relevant economic costs and environmental profits. Adapting hop size, diversifying local search, and diverging agents as strategies from learning SCA are used to modify the original FPA equation for improving the HSFPA solutions in terms of diversity pollinations, increasing convergence, and preventing local optimal traps. The experimental results of the HSFPA compared with the other algorithms in the literature for the benchmark test function and microgrid operations planning problem to evaluate the proposed scheme. Compared results show that the HSFPA offers outstanding performance compared to other competitors for the testing function. The HSFPA also delivers efficient optimal performance in microgrid optimization for solving the operations planning problem.

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17

Hidayat, Rahmad. "Penggelaran Teknologi HSPA+ di Indonesia." Jurnal Telekomunikasi dan Komputer 1, no. 2 (February 27, 2017): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.22441/incomtech.v1i2.1098.

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Akses data kecepatan lebih tinggi melalui jalur nirkabel memungkinkan dilayani oleh teknologi High Speed Packet Access Evolved (HSPA+). HSPA+ mampu meningkatkan kemampuan broadband mobile dengan kecepatan data sampai 42 Mbps dengan latensi dan delay yang rendah . Kemampuan ini diperoleh dariadanya penambahan teknologi HOM (High Order Modulation), 2x2 MIMO(Multiple Input Multiple Output) dan DTX / DRX (Discontinuous Transmissionand Reception) pada platform WCDMA. HSPA+ merupakan evolusi HSPAyang memungkinkan peningkatan upgrade dengan biaya relatif lebih rendah.Tulisan ini akan mendeskripsikan spesifikasi teknologi HSPA+ dan peluangnyayang cukup besar untuk digelar bagi peningkatan infrastruktur Information andCommunication Technology (ICT) di Indonesia.

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18

Bestak, Robert. "ARQ Mechanism in HSDPA." Communications - Scientific letters of the University of Zilina 7, no. 4 (December 31, 2005): 5–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.26552/com.c.2005.4.5-9.

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19

Mousa, Anwar. "HSDPA-HIPERLAN2 interworking mechanisms." International Journal of Wireless and Mobile Computing 5, no. 3 (2012): 249. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijwmc.2012.047965.

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20

Hidayat, Rahmad. "Evolusi Teknologi Wireless Seluler menuju HSDPA." Jurnal Telekomunikasi dan Komputer 1, no. 1 (December 1, 2009): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.22441/incomtech.v1i1.246.

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Teknologi data dalam keluarga GSM meliputi GPRS, EDGE, UMTS/WCDMA dan HSDPA. Berbagai teknologi ini menyediakan banyak kemampuan dan efisiensi spektrum. Implementasinya meningkatkan potensi pendapatan dan keuntungan serta pemenuhan kebutuhan bagi komunitas ICT (Information and Communication Technology). Evolusi dari GPRS menuju HSDPA memberikan jawaban terhadap kebutuhan coverage yang luas, throughput data yang tinggi, quality-of-service (QoS) dan efisiensi spektrum. Efisiensi spektrum secara khusus merupakan perhatian utama karena merupakan interpretasi throughput rata-rata yang lebih tinggi bagi lebih banyak user aktif di suatu coverage area. HSDPA menghasilkan kecepatan puncak 14 Mbps dan meningkatkan kecepatan throughput rata-rata menjadi 1 Mbps. Suatu peningkatan kinerja 2,5 sampai 3,5 kali relatif terhadap teknologi 3G.

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21

Zhang, Xin, Shuli Sang, Qing Guan, Haoxia Tao, Yanchun Wang, and Chunjie Liu. "Identification of B-Cell Epitopes of HspA from Helicobacter pylori and Detection of Epitope Antibody Profiles in Naturally Infected Persons." Vaccines 10, no. 1 (December 31, 2021): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10010065.

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Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), heat-shock protein A (HspA), is a bacterial heat-shock chaperone that serves as a nickel ion scavenging protein. Ni2+ is an important co-factor required for the maturation and enzymatic activity of H. pylori urease and [NiFe] hydrogenase, both of which are key virulence factors for pathogen survival and colonization. HspA is an important target molecule for the diagnosis, treatment, and immune prevention of H. pylori. In this work, HspA was truncated into five fragments to determine the location of an antigen immunodominant peptide. A series of overlapping, truncated 11-amino-acid peptides in immunodominant peptide fragments were synthesized chemically and screened by ELISA. The immunogenicity and antigenicity of the screened epitope peptides were verified by ELISA, Western blot, and lymphocyte proliferation tests. Two novel B-cell epitopes were identified, covering amino acids 2–31 of HspA, which are HP11 (2–12; KFQPLGERVLV) and HP19 (18–28; ENKTSSGIIIP). The antiserum obtained from HP11-KLH and HP19-KLH immunized mice can bind to naive HspA in H. pylori SS2000, rHspA expressed in E. coli, and the corresponding GST fusion peptide. Among HspA seropositive persons, the seropositive rates of HP11 and HP19 were 21.4% and 33.3%, respectively. Both of the B-cell epitopes of HspA are highly conserved epitopes with good antigenicity and immunogenicity.

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22

Hioki, I., K. Onoda, T. Shimono, H. Shimpo, K. Tanaka, Y. Suzuki, H. Shiku, Y. Ikeda, I. Yada, and M. Nishikawa. "A Heparin-coated Circuit Maintains Platelet Aggregability in Response to Shear Stress in an In Vitro Model of Cardiopulmonary Bypass." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 80, no. 09 (1998): 437–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1615226.

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SummaryAlterations in platelet aggregability may play a role in the pathogenesis of qualitative platelet defects associated with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). We circulated fresh heparinized whole blood through tubing sets coated with heparin (C group, n = 10) and through non-coated sets (N group, n = 10) as a simulated CPB circuit. Shear stress (108 dyne/cm2)-induced platelet aggregation (hSIPA), plasma von Willebrand factor (vWF) activity and platelet glycoprotein (GP) Ib expression were measured, before, during, and after this in vitro set up of circulation. In the two groups, the extent of hSIPA significantly decreased during circulation and was partially restored after circulation. Decreases in the extent of hSIPA were significantly less with use of heparin-coated circuits. There was an equivalent reduction in plasma vWF activity, in the two groups. Expression of platelet surface GP Ib decreased significantly during circulation and recovered after circulation. Reduction of surface GP Ib expression during circulation was significantly less in the C group than that in the N group. Decrease in surface GP Ib expression correlated (r = 0.88 in either group) with the magnitude of hSIPA, in the two groups. The progressive removal of surface GP Ib was mainly attributed to redistribution of GP Ib from the membrane skeleton into the cytoskeleton. Our observations suggest that use of heparin-coated circuits partly blocks the reduction of hSIPA, as a result of a lesser degree of redistribution of GP Ib.

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23

Baumann, Steven, and Keith Henschen. "A Cross-Validation Study of Selected Performance Measures in Predicting Academic Success among Collegiate Athletes." Sociology of Sport Journal 3, no. 4 (December 1986): 366–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ssj.3.4.366.

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In recent years, the academic standards of the collegiate student athlete have become a popular subject within the sociology of sport. In January 1983, the top competitive division of the NCAA voted to make more stringent the academic standards for participants in Division I intercollegiate sports. This was known as Proposal 48, and although the vote was 2 to 1 in favor of it, much criticism was also voiced. This study examines the relationship between the American College Testing Program (ACT) and actual grade point average (GPA) for 753 male and female athletes at the University of Utah during a 10-year period. A secondary purpose was to determine the predictive validity of a predicted GPA formula (PGPA) and high school grade point average (HSGPA) as estimates of actual GPA. Other purposes were to determine the correlation of ACT, PGPA, and HSGPA with regard to gender, race, and sport. Pearson product-moment correlations were utilized to establish relationships between ACT scores, PGPA, and HSGPA with actual GPA. A multiple correlation coefficient was computed and a regression equation was established. In addition, a cross-validation was performed on the existing data. Results indicated that an equation combining ACT and HSGPA is the best predictor for Caucasians, while HSGPA alone is the best predictor for non-Caucasians. Factors other than ACT scores appear to be better predictors of academic success for the student-athlete, thus casting doubt upon the validity of Proposal 48 for the NCAA.

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24

Bjørnarå, Helga Birgit, Monica Klungland Torstveit, and Elling Bere. "Healthy and sustainable diet and physical activity: the rationale for and experiences from developing a combined summary score." Scandinavian Journal of Public Health 47, no. 5 (July 2, 2018): 583–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1403494818785056.

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Aims: First, to describe the rationale for developing a combined summary score, the Healthy and Sustainable Dietary and Physical Activity habits (HSDPA) score, incorporating four selected dietary and physical activity aspects: (a) the New Nordic Diet, (b) local and sustainable foods, (c) active transportation and (d) non-exercise outdoor activities. Secondly, to describe the experiences from constructing the HSDPA score. Methods: Relevant literature covering the four aspects of interest was reviewed to secure a well-grounded rationale and a theory-based approach. To measure compliance with such a broad approach targeting diet, physical activity, health and environmental sustainability, the HSDPA score was constructed including one subscale for each aspect. The four subscales were constructed from questionnaire items and were equally weighted, entailing a range from 0–10 points, hence the total HSDPA score ranged from 0–40 points. Results: In retrospect, we believe that the rationale for creating the HSDPA score is reasonable. Still, emphasizing fewer, but the most relevant aspects, such as reduced meat consumption and active transportation, may represent a more functional solution than the broad approach suggested herein, both for promoting public health and environmental sustainability, and for developing a feasible measurement tool. Conclusions: Our experiences illustrate the importance of methodological perspectives and scrutiny related to both the development and testing of complex summary scores. Nevertheless, we think that combined summary scores could be applicable for use within epidemiological studies and for measuring the effects of interventions, if accounting for the methodological limitations as far as possible.

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25

Zhang, Xiao-Juan, Shu-Ying Feng, Zhi-Tao Li, and Yan-Ming Feng. "Expression ofHelicobacter pylori hspAGene inLactococcus lactisNICE System and Experimental Study on Its Immunoreactivity." Gastroenterology Research and Practice 2015 (2015): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/750932.

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Aim. The aim of this study was to develop an oralLactococcus lactis(L. lactis) vaccine againstHelicobacter pylori(H. pylori).Methods. AfterL. lactisNZ3900/pNZ8110-hspAwas constructed, growth curves were plotted to study whether the growth of recombinantL. lactiswas affected afterhspAwas cloned intoL. lactisand whether the growth of empty bacteria, empty plasmid bacteria, and recombinantL. lactiswas affected by different concentrations of Nisin; SDS-PAGE and Western blot were adopted, respectively, to detect the HspA expressed by recombinantL. lactisand its immunoreactivity.Results. There was no effect observed from the growth curve after exogenous genehspAwas cloned intoL. lactisNZ3900; different concentrations of Nisin did not affect the growth of NZ3900 and NZ3900/pNZ8110, while different concentrations of Nisin inhibited the growth of NZ3900/pNZ8110-hspAexcept 10 ng/mL Nisin. No HspA strip was observed from SDS-PAGE. Western blot analysis showed that HspA expressed by recombinant bacteria had favorable immunoreactivity.Conclusion. The growth of recombinantL. lactiswas suppressed even though a small amount of HspA had been induced to express. Therefore recombinantL. lactisonly express HspA which was not suitable to be oral vaccine againstHelicobacter pylori.

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26

Yurasakpong, Laphatrada, Chanin Nantasenamat, Saksit Nobsathian, Kulathida Chaithirayanon, and Somjai Apisawetakan. "Betulinic Acid Modulates the Expression of HSPA and Activates Apoptosis in Two Cell Lines of Human Colorectal Cancer." Molecules 26, no. 21 (October 22, 2021): 6377. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26216377.

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Betulinic acid (BA) is a pentacyclic triterpene usually isolated from botanical sources. Numerous studies have reported the inhibitory effect of BA against human colorectal cancer cells (CRC). However, its effect on the expression of the molecular chaperone HSPA is unclear. The aim of this research is to investigate the anti-cancer activities of BA purified from Piper retrofractum and study its effect on the expression of HSPA in colorectal cancer HCT116 and SW480 cells. The viability of both cancer cells was reduced after they were treated with an increasing dosage of BA. Flow cytometry assay revealed that levels of cell apoptosis significantly increased after incubation with BA in both cancer cells. Pro-apoptotic markers including Bax, cleaved-caspase-3 and cleaved-caspase-9 were increased while anti-apoptotic marker Bcl-2 was decreased after BA treatment. Western blot also showed that the expression of HSPA fluctuated upon BA treatment, whereby HSPA was increased at lower BA concentrations while at higher BA concentrations HSPA expression was decreased. Preliminary molecular docking assay showed that BA can bind to the nucleotide binding domain of the HSP70 at its ADP-bound state of the HSP70. Although further research is needed to comprehend the BA-HSPA interaction, our findings indicate that BA can be considered as potential candidate for the development of new treatment for colorectal cancer.

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27

Chandra, Dikky. "ANALISIS DIMENSIONING TRAFIK PADA JARINGAN 3G MENGGUNAKAN METODE LINIER LEAST SQUARE." JURNAL ILMU FISIKA | UNIVERSITAS ANDALAS 3, no. 2 (August 15, 2011): 62–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/jif.3.2.62-67.2011.

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Pelanggan telekomunikasi akan bertambah dari hari ke hari. Lonjakan jumlah pelanggan ini tentu menggembirakan pelaku industri telepon seluler. Namun penambahan jumlah pelanggan juga membawa konsekuensi serius bagi operator, yaitu kapasitas jaringan untuk menjamin konektifitas pelanggannya. Dengan menggunakan data periode dari tahun 2008 dan metode linier least square untuk melakukan prediksi trafik di tahun 2010. Perhitungan dan prediksi dilakukan untuk mendapatkan komponen nilai growth factor, high season factor, trafik akhir 2010, prediksi pelanggan akhir 2010, dan program ekspansi jaringan 3G khususnya tentang kebutuhan High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) . Subscriber HSDPA di Bali diperkirakan meningkat sebesar 160% di tahun 2010, sedangkan Tren Average of Concurrent User Tahun 2010 diprediksikan akan mengalami kenaikan sekitar 206 %. Peningkatan jumlah pelanggan HSDPA diatasi dengan penambahan kapasitas jaringan baik disisi ekspansi maupun new collocated.

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28

W, Herdianna Kusuma. "Comparison Simulator Data Rate Modulation QPSK and 16 QAM System WCDMA (Wide Code Division Multiple Access) and HSDPA (High Speed Downlink Packet Access)." Jurnal Jartel: Jurnal Jaringan Telekomunikasi 1, no. 1 (March 30, 2015): 34–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.33795/jartel.v1i1.130.

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HSDPA (High Speed Downlink Packet Access) is the upgrade performance data packets extraordinary against WCDMA thus producing top speed 14,4 Mbps. One of the goals the creation of HSDPA is as an improvement over previous technologies. The expected improvement of HSDPA technology increasing the data rate is capable of exceeding data rate in order to WCDMA customer satisfaction in accessing multimedia content such as streaming video and data at high speed. Data Rate is the maximum data rate that can be accepted by the UE (User Equipment) in ideal conditions. One of the factors that affect the data rate is modulation scheme used by each of the technologies. QPSK modulation is used in WCDMA system and adaptive modulation (QPSK and 16QAM) is used in HSDPA system.In the research the results obtained by selection of symbol rate of 480 kbps bit rate will yield 960 kbps while the selection symbol rate is 960 kbps will produce 1920 kbps bit rate using modulation QPSK modulation. As for 16QAM modulation, symbol rate of 480 kbps produces 1920 kbps and symbol rate is 960 kbps bit rate produces 3840 kbps. Of the trial results, the more number of bits sent then the higher data rate that can be accepted by the UE (user equipment).

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29

Li, Yong, and Jie Li. "Performance of MIMO and 64QAM Application in HSPA+ System." Advanced Materials Research 774-776 (September 2013): 1703–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.774-776.1703.

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High speed packet access (HSPA) was introduced as the evolution of WCDMA system in 3GPP Rel 5 and 6 for downlink and for uplink. Moreover, HSPA+ Rel 7 makes WCDMA more competitive which adopted multi-input multi-output (MIMO) to support two blocks of data in a TTI and 64QAM for modulation to increase the peak rate. In HSPA+ Rel 8, combination of MIMO and 64QAM can further enhance the data rate in the good channel condition. Theoretically, the terminal can support the maximum downlink data rate of about 42Mbps.

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30

Gozalvez, J. "Mobile radio - HSDPA goes commercial." IEEE Vehicular Technology Magazine 1, no. 1 (March 2006): 43–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mvt.2006.1663952.

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31

Jeon, Yongmoon, Daehyung Kim, Juana V. Martín-López, Ryanggeun Lee, Jungsic Oh, Jeungphill Hanne, Richard Fishel, and Jong-Bong Lee. "Dynamic control of strand excision during human DNA mismatch repair." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 12 (March 7, 2016): 3281–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1523748113.

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Mismatch repair (MMR) is activated by evolutionarily conserved MutS homologs (MSH) and MutL homologs (MLH/PMS). MSH recognizes mismatched nucleotides and form extremely stable sliding clamps that may be bound by MLH/PMS to ultimately authorize strand-specific excision starting at a distant 3′- or 5′-DNA scission. The mechanical processes associated with a complete MMR reaction remain enigmatic. The purified human (Homo sapien or Hs) 5′-MMR excision reaction requires the HsMSH2–HsMSH6 heterodimer, the 5′ → 3′ exonuclease HsEXOI, and the single-stranded binding heterotrimer HsRPA. The HsMLH1–HsPMS2 heterodimer substantially influences 5′-MMR excision in cell extracts but is not required in the purified system. Using real-time single-molecule imaging, we show that HsRPA or Escherichia coli EcSSB restricts HsEXOI excision activity on nicked or gapped DNA. HsMSH2–HsMSH6 activates HsEXOI by overcoming HsRPA/EcSSB inhibition and exploits multiple dynamic sliding clamps to increase tract length. Conversely, HsMLH1–HsPMS2 regulates tract length by controlling the number of excision complexes, providing a link to 5′ MMR.

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XU, Fei, and Ling QIU. "A Coordinated Scheduling Scheme for HSDPA." IEICE Transactions on Communications E96.B, no. 1 (2013): 335–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1587/transcom.e96.b.335.

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Ren, Fengyuan, Xiaomeng Huang, Feng Liu, and Chuang Lin. "Improving TCP Throughput over HSDPA Networks." IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications 7, no. 6 (June 2008): 1993–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/twc.2008.061007.

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Wu, QiHui, ChunMing Zhao, and JinLong Wang. "Turbo iterative equalization for HSDPA systems." Science in China Series F: Information Sciences 50, no. 1 (February 2007): 105–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11432-007-0011-z.

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Avidor, D., and S. Mukherjee. "Downlink Dimensioning for the HSDPA Standard." Wireless Personal Communications 32, no. 2 (January 2005): 139–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11277-005-2514-5.

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Li, Chi-Min, Jia-Chyi Wu, Jia-Ching Huang, Shao-Min Wen, and I.-Tseng Tang. "Performance comparison of HSDPA downlink equalizers." AEU - International Journal of Electronics and Communications 63, no. 4 (April 2009): 304–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aeue.2008.01.007.

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Assaad, Mohamad, Badii Jouaber, and Djamal Zeghlache. "TCP Performance over UMTS-HSDPA System." Telecommunication Systems 27, no. 2-4 (October 2004): 371–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:tels.0000041016.73136.12.

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Chiao-Yin Huang, Wen-Ching Chung, Chung-Ju Chang, and Fang-Ching Ren. "An Intelligent HARQ Scheme for HSDPA." IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 60, no. 4 (May 2011): 1602–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2011.2125809.

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39

Pedersen, K. I., P. E. Mogensen, and T. E. Kolding. "Overview of QoS options for HSDPA." IEEE Communications Magazine 44, no. 7 (September 2006): 100–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mcom.2006.1668389.

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40

Gollamudi, Sridhar, Robert Soni, and Monica Casado-Fernandez. "Broadcast and multicast transmission over HSDPA." Bell Labs Technical Journal 13, no. 4 (February 25, 2009): 195–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bltj.20344.

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Castaneda Altamirano, Carlos, Carolina Belmar Lopez, Miluska Castillo Garcia, Jais Nieves, Julio Polo, Rodrigo Chumpitaz, Zoila Gonzales, et al. "bghcng." Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2017): e15521-e15521. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.e15521.

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e15521 Background: Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection is one of the most common infections worldwide and is a risk factor for gastric cancer (GC) development. This study was conducted to determinate the prevalence rate of HP as well as presence of vacA and cagA in gastric cancer samples from Peruvian patients. Methods: GC samples were prospectively collected from patients who went to surgery between April 2015 and November 2016. Three types of gastric samples were obtained from each patient: tumoral area (T), proximal healthy (P) and distal healthy tissue (D) samples. HP status through H&E was analyzed by a pathologist. DNA was extracted from tissue, and detection of colonization (ureA and hspA) and virulence genes (vacA and cagA) of HP was performed through quantitative PCR (qPCR). Results: A total of 183 patients were studied with a mean age of 64 years and 51.9% were men. 52.2% had a primary from antrum, 47.8% was HG 3 and 60% were diffuse. Presence of HP through H&E was found in 58.4% (n=107/183). Positive HP cases through qPCR were determinate with positivity of at least one ureA/hspA gene and was found in 89.6% (n=164/183). HP detection rate and its concentration were higher in D (ureA: 62.8%, n=115, [703.58±245.47pg]; hspA: 73.8%, n=135, [42.77±10.17pg]) than P (ureA: 59.0%, n=108, [539.69±121.32pg]; hspA: 71.0%, n=130, [31.90±8.64pg]) and T (ureA: 49.7%, n=91, [296.32±164.98pg]; hspA: 70.5%, n=129, [4.6±1.33pg]) (p<.001). Antrum location was associated to higher level of hspA expression (p=0.047). Neither histology (p=0.45) nor HG (p=0.2) was associated to level of hspA expression. qPCR detected HP in 75% (n=57/76) of cases without evidence of HP by pathology evaluation (H&E) (ICC: 0.77 vs 0.58). cagA virulence gene was detected in 95.8% (n=159/166) while vacAm allele in 85.5% (n=142/166) and vacAs allele in 96.8% (n=160/166). vacA+cagA- combination was found in 0.6% (n=1/166), vacA+cagA+ cases in 95.8% (n=159/166) and vacA-cagA- cases in 3.6% (n=3/166). Conclusions: Our results show a significant presence of HP in Peruvian gastric cancer patients and combination of vacA+/-cagA+/- virulence genes had particular patterns.

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Bansiong, Apler J., and Janet Lynn M. Balagtey. "Predicting success in teacher education: Revisiting the influence of high school GPA, admission, and standardized test scores on academic and licensure performance." Journal Of Research, Policy & Practice of Teachers & Teacher Education 10, no. 2 (November 9, 2020): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.37134/jrpptte.vol10.2.1.2020.

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This predictive study explored the influence of three admission variables on the college grade point average (CGPA), and licensure examination ratings of the 2015 teacher education graduates in a state-run university in Northern Philippines. The admission variables were high school grade point average (HSGPA), admission test (IQ) scores, and standardized test (General Scholastic Aptitude - GSA) scores. The participants were from two degree programs – Bachelor in Elementary Education (BEE) and Bachelor in Secondary education (BSE). The results showed that the graduates’ overall HSGPA were in the proficient level, while their admission and standardized test scores were average. Meanwhile, their mean licensure examination ratings were satisfactory, with high (BEE – 80.29%) and very high (BSE – 93.33%) passing rates. In both degree programs, all entry variables were significantly correlated and linearly associated with the CGPAs and licensure examination ratings of the participants. These entry variables were also linearly associated with the specific area GPAs and licensure ratings, except in the specialization area (for BSE). Finally, in both degrees, CGPA and licensure examination ratings were best predicted by HSGPA and standardized test scores, respectively. The implications of these findings on admission policies are herein discussed.

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Scieglinska, Dorota, Damian Robert Sojka, Agnieszka Gogler-Pigłowska, Vira Chumak, and Zdzisław Krawczyk. "Various Anti-HSPA2 Antibodies Yield Different Results in Studies on Cancer-Related Functions of Heat Shock Protein A2." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 12 (June 16, 2020): 4296. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21124296.

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Heat shock proteins (HSPs) constitute a major part of the molecular chaperone system and play a fundamental role in cell proteostasis. The HSPA (HSP70) family groups twelve highly homologous HSPA proteins. Certain HSPAs are regarded as important cancer-related proteins, prospective therapeutic targets for cancer treatment, and also as potential cancer biomarkers. Heat Shock Protein A2 (HSPA2), a testis-enriched chaperone and one of the least characterized members of the HSPA family, has recently emerged as an important cancer-relevant protein with potential biomarker significance. Nevertheless, conflicting conclusions have been recently drawn both according to HSPA2 role in cancer cells, as well as to its prognostic value. In this work we have shown that one of the serious limitations in HSPA2 protein research is cross-reactivity of antibodies marketed as specific for HSPA2 with one or more other HSPA(s). Among non-specific antibodies were also those recently used for HSPA2 detection in functional and biomarker studies. We showed how using non-specific antibodies can generate misleading conclusions on HSPA2 expression in non-stressed cancer cells and tumors, as well as in cancer cells exposed to proteotoxic stress. Our findings addressed concerns on some published studies dealing with HSPA2 as a cancer-related protein.

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Schauer, Kristine, Cécile Muller, Marie Carrière, Agnès Labigne, Christine Cavazza, and Hilde De Reuse. "The Helicobacter pylori GroES Cochaperonin HspA Functions as a Specialized Nickel Chaperone and Sequestration Protein through Its Unique C-Terminal Extension." Journal of Bacteriology 192, no. 5 (January 8, 2010): 1231–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.01216-09.

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ABSTRACT The transition metal nickel plays a central role in the human gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori because it is required for two enzymes indispensable for colonization, the nickel metalloenzyme urease and [NiFe] hydrogenase. To sustain nickel availability for these metalloenzymes while providing protection from the metal's harmful effects, H. pylori is equipped with several specific nickel-binding proteins. Among these, H. pylori possesses a particular chaperone, HspA, that is a homolog of the highly conserved and essential bacterial heat shock protein GroES. HspA contains a unique His-rich C-terminal extension and was demonstrated to bind nickel in vitro. To investigate the function of this extension in H. pylori, we constructed mutants carrying either a complete deletion or point mutations in critical residues of this domain. All mutants presented a decreased intracellular nickel content measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and reduced nickel tolerance. While urease activity was unaffected in the mutants, [NiFe] hydrogenase activity was significantly diminished when the C-terminal extension of HspA was mutated. We conclude that H. pylori HspA is involved in intracellular nickel sequestration and detoxification and plays a novel role as a specialized nickel chaperone involved in nickel-dependent maturation of hydrogenase.

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Mulvey, D. "HSPA [high speed packet access]." Communications Engineer 5, no. 1 (February 1, 2007): 38–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ce:20070106.

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Cassia, M., A. Hadjichristos, Hong Sun Kim, Jin-Su Ko, Jeongsik Yang, Sang-Oh Lee, and G. Sahota. "A Low-Power CMOS SAW-Less Quad Band WCDMA/HSPA/HSPA+/1X/EGPRS Transmitter." IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits 44, no. 7 (July 2009): 1897–906. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2009.2020228.

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Lee, Jong Jae, Ki Young Koo, Jun Young Hong, and Chung Bang Yun. "Remotely Controllable SHM System for a Concrete Box-Girder Bridge." Advances in Science and Technology 56 (September 2008): 339–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.56.339.

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Many bridges are located in rural areas where conventional Internet services are not readily available. 3.5 generation mobile telecommunication technology, HSDPA (High Speed Downlink Packet Access), is currently commercialized in 55 countries to make the Internet access possible in anywhere the mobile phone service is available. In this study, a novel framework of remotely controllable SHM systems is proposed for bridges without the conventional Internet service utilizing HSDPA technology and remote desktop software. The proposed SHM system has benefits such as remote maintenance of SHM systems and a low cost network implementation. The feasibility of the proposed framework has been demonstrated by field tests on a concrete box-girder highway bridge in operation.

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Roy, Sanjit Kumer, and Hitoshi Nakamoto. "Cloning, Characterization, and Transcriptional Analysis of a Gene Encoding an α-Crystallin-Related, Small Heat Shock Protein from the Thermophilic Cyanobacterium Synechococcus vulcanus." Journal of Bacteriology 180, no. 15 (August 1, 1998): 3997–4001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.180.15.3997-4001.1998.

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ABSTRACT hspA, a gene encoding a 16-kDa heat-induced protein from the thermophilic cyanobacterium Synechococcus vulcanus, has been cloned and sequenced. The deduced amino acid sequence of the gene product showed significant homology to sequences of the family of α-crystallin-related, small heat shock proteins. A monocistronic mRNA of hspA increased transiently in response to heat shock. The heat shock induction occurred at a vegetative promoter but without the CIRCE (controlling inverted repeat of chaperone expression) element.

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Sojka, Damian Robert, Sylwia Hasterok, Natalia Vydra, Agnieszka Toma-Jonik, Anna Wieczorek, Agnieszka Gogler-Pigłowska, and Dorota Scieglinska. "Inhibition of the Heat Shock Protein A (HSPA) Family Potentiates the Anticancer Effects of Manumycin A." Cells 10, no. 6 (June 7, 2021): 1418. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10061418.

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Manumycin A (MA) is a well-tolerated natural antibiotic showing pleiotropic anticancer effects in various preclinical in vitro and in vivo models. Anticancer drugs may themselves act as stressors to induce the cellular adaptive mechanism that can minimize their cytotoxicity. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) as cytoprotective factors can counteract the deleterious effects of various stressful stimuli. In this study, we examined whether the anticancer effects of MA can be counteracted by the mechanism related to HSPs belonging to the HSPA (HSP70) family. We found that MA caused cell type-specific alterations in the levels of HSPAs. These changes included concomitant upregulation of the stress-inducible (HSPA1 and HSPA6) and downregulation of the non-stress-inducible (HSPA2) paralogs. However, neither HSPA1 nor HSPA2 were necessary to provide protection against MA in lung cancer cells. Conversely, the simultaneous repression of several HSPA paralogs using pan-HSPA inhibitors (VER-155008 or JG-98) sensitized cancer cells to MA. We also observed that genetic ablation of the heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) transcription factor, a main transactivator of HSPAs expression, sensitized MCF7 cells to MA treatment. Our study reveals that inhibition of HSF1-mediated heat shock response (HSR) can improve the anticancer effect of MA. These observations suggest that targeting the HSR- or HSPA-mediated adaptive mechanisms may be a promising strategy for further preclinical developments.

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Liman, Narin, and Murat Kuzkale. "Heat shock proteins exhibit distinct spatiotemporal expression patterns in the domestic cat (." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 34, no. 6 (February 4, 2022): 498–515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd21155.

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Heat shock proteins (HSP) are significant regulators of cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. HSP participate in ovarian physiology through proliferative and apoptotic mechanisms and the modulation of sex steroid receptor functions. We investigated whether the expression and localisation patterns of HSP in the domestic cat ovary vary with the oestrous cycle stage. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed cell type-specific localisation patterns of HSPD1/HSP60, HSPA/HSP70, HSPC/HSP90 and HSPH/HSP105 in several ovarian cells of the domestic cat, including oocytes, follicular (granulosa and theca cells) and luteal cells, stromal and thecal interstitial cells, stromal cells, and vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells during the anoestrous, follicular and luteal phases of the oestrous cycle. Western blot results showed that the expression of three HSP (HSPD1/HSP60, HSPA/HSP70 and HSPH/HSP105) varied with the oestrous cycle stage. While the maximal expression of HSPD1/HSP60 and HSPH/HSP105 occurred during the luteal phase, the expression of HSPA/HSP70 was minimal. The expressions of HSPA/HSP70 and HSPH/HSP105 were low during the follicular phase compared to the anoestrous phase. In conclusion, the alterations that occur in the expression of HSP in the domestic cat ovary during the different stages of the oestrous cycle imply that these proteins participate in the regulation of ovarian function under different physiological conditions.

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