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Dong, Hongmei, Xiaohu Xu, Mohong Deng, Xiaojun Yu, Hu Zhao, Hui Song, and Yiqun Geng. "Expression and bioactivity of recombinant segments of human perforinThis paper is one of a selection of papers in this Special Issue, entitled International Symposium on Recent Advances in Molecular, Clinical, and Social Medicine, and has undergone the Journal's usual peer-review process." Biochemistry and Cell Biology 85, no. 2 (April 2007): 203–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/o07-017.
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The aim of the study was to prepare an active recombinant human perforin by comparing 5 candidate segments of human perforin. Full-length perforin, MAC1 (28–349 aa), MAC2 (166–369 aa), C-100, and N-60 of human perforin were selected as candidate active segments and designated, respectively, HP1, HP2, HP3, HP4, and HP5. The target genes were amplified by PCR and the products were individually subcloned into pGEM-T. The genes for HP1, HP2, HP3, and HP5 were subcloned into pET-DsbA, whereas pET-41a (+) was used as the expression vector of HP4. The fusion proteins were expressed in Escherichia coli BL21pLysS(DE3) and purified using nickel nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) agarose affinity chromatography. The hemolysis microassay was used as an activity assay of fusion protein. From this study, we obtained the recombinant plasmids pGEM-T-HP1, -HP2, -HP3, -HP4 and -HP5, consisting of 1600, 960, 600, 300bp, and 180, respectively. From these recombinant plasmids, expression plasmids were successfully constructed and expressed in E. coli BL21pLysS(DE3). The resultant fusion proteins, affinity purified using Ni–NTA, were ~80, 58, 45, 44, and 30 kDa, respectively. The recombinant proteins were assayed for activity on hemolysis. HP2 and HP5 were the only recombinant proteins that were active in hemolysis, and the hemolytic function was concentration dependent. These results demonstrate that active recombinant forms of perforin can be synthesized in a prokaryote model. The recombinant N-60 and MAC1 (28–349 aa) of human perforin have the function of forming pores. Our study provides the experimental basis for further investigation on the application of perforin.
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Budiene, Jurga, Gamze Guclu, Kouame Fulbert Oussou, Hasim Kelebek, and Serkan Selli. "Elucidation of Volatiles, Anthocyanins, Antioxidant and Sensory Properties of cv. Caner Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) Juices Produced from Three Juice Extraction Methods." Foods 10, no. 7 (June 28, 2021): 1497. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10071497.
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This study deals with the characterization of the phytochemical profiles and antioxidant activities of cv. Caner pomegranate (Punica granatum) juices obtained from three different juice extraction methods including halved pomegranate (HPJ), arils (AJ), and macerated arils (MAJ) extraction for the first time. It was found that the type of the juice extraction process had substantial effects on the volatiles, anthocyanin compositions, and antioxidant activities of the samples. Results showed that the AJ sample (593 mg L−1) had more anthocyanin compounds followed by HPJ (555 mg L−1) and MAJ (408 mg L−1) samples. GC-MS analysis revealed a total of 34 volatile compounds. The highest number of volatiles was found in the MAJ sample (1872 µg L−1); thus, the aril maceration process played an important role in increasing the volatiles as compared to the HPJ (751.8 µg L−1) and AJ (710.7 µg L−1) samples. Sensory analysis showed that the HPJ sample was the most preferred and its general impression was higher as compared to the AJ and MAJ samples. The findings of this study elucidated that the juice extraction technique had a significant influence on the phytochemical profiles, sensory quality, and antioxidant activity of pomegranate juices.
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Eymael, Dayane, Graziela Maria Schuh, and Rejane Giacomelli Tavares. "Padronização do diagnóstico de Blastocystis hominis por diferentes técnicas de coloração." Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical 43, no. 3 (June 2010): 309–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0037-86822010000300019.
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INTRODUÇÃO: O presente trabalho foi realizado no período de março a maio de 2008, com o objetivo de avaliar a eficácia de diferentes técnicas para diagnóstico de Blastocystis hominis em uma amostra da população atendida pelo Laboratório de Biomedicina da Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo/RS. MÉTODOS: Foram estudadas 100 amostras de fezes de crianças e adultos, que foram coletadas e submetidas às técnicas de sedimentação espontânea (HPJ), sedimentação em formol-éter (Ritchie) e de coloração por Gram e May-Grünwald-Giemsa (MGG). RESULTADOS: A presença de Blastocystis hominis foi observada em 40 amostras, quando utilizadas técnicas de coloração (MGG e Gram), enquanto que as técnicas de sedimentação se mostraram menos eficientes (32 amostras positivas para a técnica de Ritchie e 20 amostras positivas para a técnica de HPJ). CONCLUSÕES: Nossos resultados demonstram que o HPJ foi menos eficiente que outros métodos, indicando a necessidade de se incluir na rotina do laboratório técnicas que permitam a identificação deste parasita.
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Sousa, J. E. N., E. F. G. Carvalho, M. A. Levenhagen, L. A. Chaves, and J. M. Costa-Cruz. "Diagnosis of the pinwormSyphacia murisin the Wistar ratRattus norvegicus." Journal of Helminthology 90, no. 1 (October 20, 2014): 117–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022149x14000753.
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AbstractThis study aimed to compare three qualitative parasitological methods for the diagnosis ofSyphacia murisinfection in 30 Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) infected naturally. Methods of spontaneous sedimentation (Hoffman, Pons and Janer, or HPJ) and spontaneous flotation (Willis) for faecal samples and a method of taping (Graham) were performed and compared. The Graham and Willis methods were more sensitive than the HPJ method (P< 0.05). The Graham method was able to detectS. muriseggs in 100% of the samples. Eggs were detected in 83% and 60% of the samples using the Willis and HPJ methods, respectively. Method choice is important for screening for parasites of rats kept under laboratory conditions, as accurate diagnosis helps prevent future environmental contamination and infection. We concluded that the Graham method was the most efficient of those tested in this study for detection ofS. murisinfection in rats. This method is also rapid, inexpensive and practical, and should be implemented as a necessary measure for infection control.
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Sirous, Hajar, Afshin Fassihi, Simone Brogi, Giuseppe Campiani, Frauke Christ, Zeger Debyser, Sandra Gemma, et al. "Synthesis, Molecular Modelling and Biological Studies of 3-hydroxypyrane- 4-one and 3-hydroxy-pyridine-4-one Derivatives as HIV-1 Integrase Inhibitors." Medicinal Chemistry 15, no. 7 (October 14, 2019): 755–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573406415666181219113225.
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Background:Despite the progress in the discovery of antiretroviral compounds for treating HIV-1 infection by targeting HIV integrase (IN), a promising and well-known drug target against HIV-1, there is a growing need to increase the armamentarium against HIV, for avoiding the drug resistance issue.Objective:To develop novel HIV-1 IN inhibitors, a series of 3-hydroxy-pyrane-4-one (HP) and 3- hydroxy-pyridine-4-one (HPO) derivatives have been rationally designed and synthesized.Methods:To provide a significant characterization of the novel compounds, in-depth computational analysis was performed using a novel HIV-1 IN/DNA binary 3D-model for investigating the binding mode of the newly conceived molecules in complex with IN. The 3D-model was generated using the proto-type foamy virus (PFV) DNA as a structural template, positioning the viral polydesoxyribonucleic chain into the HIV-1 IN homology model. Moreover, a series of in vitro tests were performed including HIV-1 activity inhibition, HIV-1 IN activity inhibition, HIV-1 IN strand transfer activity inhibition and cellular toxicity.Results:Bioassay results indicated that most of HP analogues including HPa, HPb, HPc, HPd, HPe and HPg, showed favorable inhibitory activities against HIV-1-IN in the low micromolar range. Particularly halogenated derivatives (HPb and HPd) offered the best biological activities in terms of reduced toxicity and optimum inhibitory activities against HIV-1 IN and HIV-1 in cell culture.Conclusion:Halogenated derivatives, HPb and HPd, displayed the most promising anti-HIV profile, paving the way to the optimization of the presented scaffolds for developing new effective antiviral agents.
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Keraliya, Rajesh A., and Madhabhai M. Patel. "Effect of viscosity of hydrophilic coating polymer on lag time of atenolol pulsatile press coated tablets." JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY 1, no. 1 (April 29, 2014): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.14805/jphchem.2014.art2.
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A method for the development of press coated tablet of atenolol for pulsatile delivery was investigated for chronotherapy of hypertension. Effect of viscosity of Hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) on pulsatile release of atenlol was studied by press coating atenolol core tablet using different viscosity grade HPC and varying coat weight. L-HPC, M-HPC and H-HPC viscosity garde with 75, 100 and 150 mg coat weight were press coated over atenolol core tablets to delay release of atenolol. The batches, HP1-HP9, exhibited an increase in lag time in response to increase in viscosity and coat weight. Two of the batches HP5 and HP7 have shown a burst release of atenolol after 6.5 and 6.0 h lag time respectively, which is suitable for pulsatile drug delivery of atenolol for chronotherapy of hypertension.
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Sant'Anna, Lorena Mota Lopes, Fernanda De Jesus Oliveira, and Cláudia Moura de Melo. "Estudo comparativo de técnicas parasitológicas baseada no princípio de sedimentação espontânea (Hoffman) e Parasitokit®." Scire Salutis 3, no. 1 (May 21, 2013): 6–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.6008/ess2236-9600.2013.001.0001.
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As parasitoses, entre as quais se destacam as enteroparasitoses, são mais frequentes na população mais carente. Diante de várias metodologias conhecidas para realização do exame parasitológico de fezes para identificação de cistos, protozoários, ovos e larvas de helmintos dos parasitos intestinais, e do surgimento de novas técnicas, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar o grau de concordância de um novo teste (Parasitokit®) com base em uma metodologia de reconhecida eficiência para o diagnóstico de helmintos e protozoários, em relação a outro método tradicionalmente utilizado em Análises Clínicas (Hoffman, Pons e Janner - HPJ). A técnica do Parasitokit® tem como vantagem o dinamismo na confecção e a organização no que diz respeito ao menor espaço utilizado para a preparação e leitura do exame; o método de HPJ requer maior volume de vidraria na bancada para a confecção e leitura dos exames. Foram avaliadas quatrocentas amostras no período de doze meses e a análise dos dados foi feita por meio de estatística descritiva. O método do Parasitokit® demonstra fácil manuseio, custo baixo e pequena demanda no espaço físico, apresentando um grau de não conformidade insignificante já que ocorreu concordância em 99,5% em relação ao método de HPJ que utiliza o cálice de sedimentação.
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Starr, T., A. M. Howell, J. McDowall, K. Peters, and A. M. Rose. "Isolation and mapping of DNA probes within the linkage group I gene cluster of Caenorhabditis elegans." Genome 32, no. 3 (June 1, 1989): 365–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g89-456.
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We have isolated probes for DNA polymorphisms across the linkage group I gene cluster in Caenorhabditis elegans, using Tc1-linkage selection. The probes detect strain polymorphism between the wild-type strains of var. Bristol and var. Bergerac. As a result of mapping the sites hP4, hP5, hP6, hP7, hP9, and sP1, more than 1000 kilobases (kb) of cloned cosmid DNA has been positioned on the genetic map. We found there is more DNA per map unit in the center of the gene cluster than expected on the basis of the genomic average. Furthermore, the amount is not constant across the entire region but reaches a peak in the hP9 unc-13 interval. To find the coding regions, we examined DNA cross-homology between two species, Caenorhabditis elegans and Caenorhabditis briggsae. Approximately one-third of the DNA in the hP5 hP9 interval was examined for coding regions and 21 sequences were identified within 318 kb of DNA.Key words: Caenorhabditis elegans, physical map, DNA polymorphisms, genetic mapping, Caenorhabditis briggsae.
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Abakuks, S., and A. M. Deters. "Polysaccharides of St. John’s Wort Herb Stimulate NHDF Proliferation and NEHK Differentiation via Influence on Extracellular Structures and Signal Pathways." Advances in Pharmacological Sciences 2012 (2012): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/304317.
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St. John's Wort herb extracts often contain undesirable or volitional polysaccharides. As polysaccharides exhibit structure-dependent biological functions in the present study water-soluble polysaccharides were extracted from herb material, fractionated by anion exchange chromatography into four main polysaccharide fractions (denominated as Hp1, Hp2, Hp3 and Hp4) and characterized by HPAEC-PAD, CE, IR and GC-MS. Biological activity on human skin keratinocytes and fibroblasts was assessed by investigation of their effect on proliferation, metabolism, cytotoxicity, apoptosis and differentiation. The underlying mechanisms were investigated in gene expression studies. Polysaccharide fraction Hp1 was mainly composed ofβ-D-glucose. Hp2, Hp3 and Hp4 contained pectic structures and arabinogalactan proteins varying in composition and quantity. Polysaccharides of Hp1 induced the keratinocyte differentiation by inhibiting the gene expression of the epidermal growth factor and insulin receptor. While the collagen secretion of fibroblasts was stimulated by each polysaccharide fraction only Hp1 stimulated the synthesis. The fibroblast proliferation was reduced by Hp1 and increased by Hp4. This effect was related to the influence on genes that referred to oxidative stress, metabolism, transcription processes and extracellular proteins. In conclusion polysaccharides have been shown as biologically active ingredients of aqueous St. John's Wort extracts with a relation between their structural characteristics and function.
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Rabello, Ana Lúcia Teles, Roberto Sena Rocha, João Paulo Mendes de Oliveira, Naftale Katz, and José Roberto Lambertucci. "Stool examination and rectal biopsy in the diagnosis and evaluation of therapy of schistosomiasis mansoni." Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo 34, no. 6 (December 1992): 601–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0036-46651992000600016.
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From each of a group of 217 adult males selected through enzyme-immunoassay or skin-test (Group A), six stool samples were examined by both the Lutz/Hoffman, Pons & Janer (Lutz/HPJ) and Kato/Katz methods. In addition, one oogram of the rectal mucosa was performed. By these methods, schistosomiasis was detected in 44.7%, 47.5% and 40.1% of the individuals respectively. To evaluate the methods in the assessment of cure, the last 40 patients from group A, treated with a single oral dose of oxamniquine at 15 mg/kg were followed up for six months (Group B). The criteria for parasitological cure included three stool examinations by Kato/Katz and Lutz/HPJ methods, one, three and six months post-treatment and a rectal biopsy between the fourth and sixth months post-treatment. The examinations were negative in 87.5%, 90% and 95% of the patients, respectively. The efficacy of oxamniquine was 82.5% when the three methods were considered together and there was no statistically significant difference between the sensitivity of the individual methods.
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Cunha, Aloísio Sales da, J. Romeu Cançado, and Getúlio Leonel de Rezende. "Therapeutical evaluation of different dose regimens of praziquantel in schistosomiasis mansoni, based on the quantitative oogram technique." Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo 29, no. 5 (October 1987): 295–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0036-46651987000500006.
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A clinical trial involving 80 patients of both sexes, from ages 15 to 55, with chronic intestinal or hepatointestinal schistosomiasis mansoni, was carried out to evaluate the therapeutical efficacy of different dose regimens of praziquantel. The patients were randomly allocated into four groups with an equal number of cases and were then treated with one of the following dosages: 60 mg/kg for 1 day; 60 mg/kg daily for 2 days; 60 mg/kg daily for 3 days; and 30 mg/kg daily for 6 days. The assessment of parasitological cure was based on the quantitative oogram technique through rectal mucosa biopsies which were undertaken prior to, as well as, 1,2,4 and 6 months post-treatment. Concurrently, stool examinations according to the qualitative Hoffman, Pons & Janer (HPJ) and the quantitative Kato-Katz (K-K) methods were also performed. The best tolerability was observed with 30 mg/kg daily for 6 days whereas the highest incidence of side-effects (mainly dizziness and nausea) was found with 60 mg/kg daily for 3 days. No serious adverse drug reaction has occurred. The achieved cure rates were: 25% with 60 mg/kg for 1 day; 60% with 60 mg/kg daily for 2 days; 89.5% with 60 mg/kg daily for 3 days; and 90% with 30 mg/kg daily for 6 days. At the same time there has been a downfall of 64%, 73%, 87% and 84% respectively, in the median number of viable S. mansoni ova per gram of tissue. Thus, a very clear direct correlation between dose and effect could be seen. The corresponding cure rates according to stool examinations by HPJ were 39%, 80%, 100% and 95%; by K-K 89%, 100%, 100% and 100%. This discrepancy in results amongst the three parasitological methods is certainly due to their unequal accuracy. In fact, when the number of viable eggs per gram of tissue fell below 5,000 the difference in the percentage of false negative findings between HPJ (28%) and K-K (80%) became significative. When this number dropped to less than 2,000 the percentage of false negative results obtained with HPJ (49%) turned significant in relation to the oogram as well. In conclusion, it has been proven that praziquantel is a highly efficacious agent against S. mansoni infections. If administered at a total dose of 180 mg/kg divided into either 3 or 6 days, it yields a 90% cure rate. Possibly, one could reach 100% by increasing the total dose to 240 mg/kg. Furthermore, it was confirmed that the quantitative oogram technique is the most reliable parasitological method when evaluating the efficacy of new drugs in schistosomiasis mansoni.
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Xu, B., Q. Li, and Y. Wang. "Effects of pH Values of Hydrogen Peroxide Bleaching Agents on Enamel Surface Properties." Operative Dentistry 36, no. 5 (October 1, 2011): 554–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2341/11-045-1.
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SUMMARY This study investigated the influence of pH values of bleaching agents on the properties of the enamel surface. Sixty freshly extracted premolars were embedded in epoxy resin and mesiodistally sectioned through the buccal aspect into two parts. The sectioned slabs were distributed among six groups (n=10) and treated using different solutions. Group HCl was treated with HCl solution (pH=3.0) and served as a positive control. Group DW, stored in distilled water (pH=7.0), served as a negative control. Four treatment groups were treated using 30% hydrogen peroxide solutions with different pH values: group HP3 (pH=3.0), group HP5 (pH=5.0), group HP7 (pH=7.0), and group HP8 (pH=8.0). The buccal slabs were subjected to spectrophotometric evaluations. Scanning electron microscopy investigation and Micro-Raman spectroscopy were used to evaluate enamel surface morphological and chemical composition alterations. pH value has a significant influence on the color changes after bleaching (p<0.001). Tukey's multiple comparisons revealed that the order of color changes was HP8, HP7>HP5, HP3>HCl>DW. No obvious morphological alterations were detected on the enamel surface in groups DW, HP7, and HP8. The enamel surface of groups HCl and HP3 showed significant alterations with an erosion appearance. No obvious chemical composition changes were detected with respect to Micro-Raman analysis. Within the limitations of this study, it was concluded that no obvious morphological or chemical composition alterations of enamel surface were detected in the neutral or alkaline bleaching solutions. Bleaching solutions with lower pH values could result in more significant erosion of enamel, which represented a slight whitening effect.
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Wang, Lei, Xing Dai, Yujian Feng, Qiyang Zhao, Lin Liu, Chang Xue, Langtao Xiao, and Ruozhong Wang. "Dual Catalytic Hairpin Assembly-Based Automatic Molecule Machine for Amplified Detection of Auxin Response Factor-Targeted MicroRNA-160." Molecules 26, no. 21 (October 25, 2021): 6432. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26216432.
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MicroRNA160 plays a crucial role in plant development by negatively regulating the auxin response factors (ARFs). In this manuscript, we design an automatic molecule machine (AMM) based on the dual catalytic hairpin assembly (D-CHA) strategy for the signal amplification detection of miRNA160. The detection system contains four hairpin-shaped DNA probes (HP1, HP2, HP3, and HP4). For HP1, the loop is designed to be complementary to miRNA160. A fragment of DNA with the same sequences as miRNA160 is separated into two pieces that are connected at the 3′ end of HP2 and 5′ end of HP3, respectively. In the presence of the target, four HPs are successively dissolved by the first catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA1), forming a four-way DNA junction (F-DJ) that enables the rearrangement of separated DNA fragments at the end of HP2 and HP3 and serving as an integrated target analogue for initiating the second CHA reaction, generating an enhanced fluorescence signal. Assay experiments demonstrate that D-CHA has a better performance compared with traditional CHA, achieving the detection limit as low as 10 pM for miRNA160 as deduced from its corresponding DNA surrogates. Moreover, non-target miRNAs, as well as single-base mutation targets, can be detected. Overall, the D-CHA strategy provides a competitive method for plant miRNAs detection.
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Antunes, Lidiane, Juliane Nunes Vieira, Cíntia Pereira Pereira, Caciele Guerch Gindri de Bastos, Andréia Saggin Nagel, and Marcos Marreiro Villela. "Parasitos em hortaliças comercializadas no sul do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil." Revista de Ciências Médicas e Biológicas 12, no. 1 (August 21, 2013): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.9771/cmbio.v12i1.6543.
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<p class="Default" style="text-align: justify;">Introdução: As hortaliças, especialmente as ingeridas cruas, têm importância para a saúde pública, pois são amplamente consumidas pela população, e podem conter diferentes formas evolutivas de parasitos, servindo como importante via de transmissão de enteroparasitoses. Objetivos : Analisar a presença de formas transmissíveis de enteroparasitos em hortaliças consumidas cruas na cidade de Pelotas, RS, Brasil, no período de abril a setembro de 2011. Metodologia: Foram estudadas amostras de alface (Lactuca sativa), agrião (Nasturtium officinale) e rúcula (Chicarium sp), num total de 100 unidades, provenientes do comércio (supermercados e feiras livres). As hortaliças in natura foram lavadas com água destilada e submetidas à sedimentação por quatro horas. Ao final, os sedimentos foram analisados pelas técnicas de HPJ, Faust e Dicromato de sódio e 29% das amostras evidenciaram a presença de alguma forma parasitária. Resultados: A hortaliça que apresentou maior prevalência de parasitos foi a rúcula (42%), seguida do agrião (25%) e da alface (24%). As principais espécies de importância médica e veterinária encontradas foram cistos de Entamoeba coli, Endolimax nana, Giardia lamblia, ovos de Ascaris spp., Toxocara spp. e larvas de ancilostomídeos. As feiras livres apresentaram maior frequência de amostras positivas, e o método de HPJ foi o que obteve maior acurácia diagnóstica.</p><p class="Default" style="text-align: justify;">Conclusão: Ressalta-se a importância das hortaliças na transmissão de enfermidades parasitárias, havendo consequentemente necessidade de medidas que propiciem uma melhoria na qualidade higiênico-sanitária destas.</p>
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Soejima, Mikiko, and Yoshiro Koda. "TaqMan-Based Real-Time PCR for Genotyping Common Polymorphisms of Haptoglobin (HP1 and HP2)." Clinical Chemistry 54, no. 11 (November 1, 2008): 1908–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2008.113126.
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Abstract Background: The haptoglobin gene (HP) has 2 common codominant alleles (HP1 and HP2) that account for 3 phenotypes. HP2 is generated by a 1.7-kb intragenic duplication of HP1. Methods: We used the real-time TaqMan PCR system to develop an effective method for HP genotyping that allows us to evaluate the relative number of copies of the HP2 allele–specific junctional region of the 1.7-kb gene duplication (HP2) by comparing the intensity of the amplification signals to those of the HP promoter region (HP5′), which was used as the internal control. The difference in threshold cycles (ΔCt) between HP2 and HP5′ was used to assess HP2 copy number. In addition, the assay detects the HP deletion (HPdel) at the same time. Results: The mean 2−ΔΔCt values (the HP2/HP5′ ratio) obtained from 123 samples of known HP genotypes clearly differentiated 2 nonoverlapping intervals that correspond to the HP genotypes. Ratios for HP2/HP1 samples ranged from 0.34–0.50, HP2/HP2 samples ranged from 0.79–0.98, and the absence of an HP2 allele signal was defined as HP1/HP1. We simultaneously detected HPdel. The assay produces results in <1 h. Conclusions: The TaqMan-based real-time PCR method was successfully applied to HP genotyping. The method is easy to use in a molecular diagnosis laboratory, and its robustness and rapidity make it suitable for high-throughput analysis of large populations.
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Jang, Sol, and Kyunghee Ji. "A Review on the Effects of Endocrine Disruptors on the Interaction between HPG, HPT, and HPA Axes in Fish." Korean Journal of Environmental Health Sciences 41, no. 3 (June 28, 2015): 147–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5668/jehs.2015.41.3.147.
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Cunha, Aloisio Sales da, and Roberto Coury Pedrosa. "Avaliação terapêutica duplo-cega baseada na técnica do oograma quantitativo, comparando praziquantel com oxamniquine na esquistossomose mansônica humana." Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo 28, no. 5 (October 1986): 337–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0036-46651986000500009.
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Um total de 54 pacientes adultos, com esquistossomose mansônica crônica, nas formas intestinal ou hepatintestinal, participou de um ensaio clínico duplo-cego, para comparar o praziquantel com a oxamniquine. De acordo com uma distribuição aleatória, 27 casos receberam o praziquantel (65 mg/kg de peso corporal) e 27 a oxamniquine (18 mg/kg), administrados em dose oral única. A incidência, intensidade e duração dos efeitos colaterais foram similares para os dois medicamentos A avaliação da eficácia terapêutica baseou se na técnica do oograma quantitativo por biópsia da mucosa retal, realizada ao final de um, dois, quatro e seis meses depois do tratamento. Nessas mesmas ocasiões foram feitos exames de fezes pelos métodos de HOFFMAN, PONS e JANER e de KATO-KATZ, com a finalidade de confrontar seu resultados com os achados do oograma. Para averiguar o efeito imediato do tratamento sobre a atividade ovipositora do parasito, um número restrito de pacientes foi submetido a biópsias retáis no 6,° e 18.° dias subsequentes a administração da medicação. Ambas as drogas provaram ser ativas contra o esquistossoma, vez que os respectivos coeficientes de variação, determinados a partir de oogramas efetuados imediatamente após o tratamento, foram superiores a 60%. Ademais, dentre os 27 pacientes de cada grupo, 24 tratados com praziquantel e 22 com oxamniquine completaram o período de seis meses, requerido para controle parasitológico. Os índices de cura, segundo os achados do oograma e dos exames de fezes pelos métodos de HPJ e KK, foram, respectivamente, 29%,— 50% e 92% com o praziquantel; 23%, 50% e 86% com a oxamniquine. Apesar do baixo percentual de cura, observou-se nos oogramas pós tratamento, uma pronunciada queda no número de ovos vivos por grama de tecido. Esses resultados revelam que ambas as drogas foram semelhantemente eficazes, embora já se tenha comprovado que a susceptibilidade do S. mansoni não seja sempre igual para cada um desses medicamentos, pois linhagens resistentes à oxamniquine evidenciaram ser 100% sensíveis ao praziquantel. Por outro lado, constatou-se uma nítida diferença nos percentuais de cura em função do método utilizado para controle parasitológico. O oograma foi o mais preciso, seguido pelo HPJ e, finalmente, pelo K-K. Tendo ocorrido uma correlação direta entre o número de ovos vivos no oograma e a positividade dos exames de fezes, a percentagem de resultados falso-negativos aumentou acentuadamente após o tratamento, alcançando 47,3% com o HPJ e 92,9% com o K-K. Antes da medicação esses índices eram, respectivamente, 0% e 64,8%. Os autores depreendem que a diferença de precisão da metodologia aplicada para avaliar a eficácia terapêutica pode explicar a divergência encontrada entre o índice de cura obtido neste - ensaio clínico e os relatados por outros investigadores, tanto com o praziquantel quanto com a oxamniquine.
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Gassant, Pascale Yola, Marie Immacula Fleury, Genara Santana, María Dolores Gil, Manauri H. Morel, Johanny Contreras, Karina Rivera, et al. "#44: Hand Hygiene during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Three Pediatric Oncology Units in Hispaniola Island." Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society 10, Supplement_2 (June 1, 2021): S20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jpids/piab031.048.
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Abstract Background Hand hygiene (HH) is a basic measure to prevent the spread of infections in healthcare settings. We describe HH practices and resources in three pediatric oncology units (POUs) in Haiti and the Dominican Republic that comprise the Hispaniola Project (HP1: Santiago; HP2: Santo Domingo; HP3: Port-au-Prince). This project, started in January 2019, is a quality improvement initiative in infection care and prevention in pediatric oncology. The POUs are main referral centers for pediatric oncology on the island, HP1 (24 inpatient beds) and HP2 (18 beds) are housed within large public pediatric hospitals; HP3 (17 beds) is housed in a mother/child hospital. Methods Data related to HH resources and practices are intermittently collected as part of ongoing surveillance activities at Hispaniola Project sites; standardized data collection forms track infrastructure, supplies, compliance, and training. At regular intervals, the POUs conduct the World Health Organization (WHO) hand hygiene self-assessment framework (HHSAF) to assess the level (inadequate, basic, intermediate, advanced) of their units. Additionally, the POUs monitor HH compliance indirectly via alcohol gel (AG) consumption in liters, measured monthly. HP1 and HP3 also use direct observation to monitor HH compliance. Results From baseline to September 2020, the WHO HHSAF scores increased from 65 (Inadequate) to 210 (Intermediate) at HP1, 260 (Intermediate) to 363 (Intermediate) at HP2, and 260 (Intermediate) to 270 (Intermediate) at HP3. Despite constraints imposed by COVID-19, all 3 participating POUs remained at the intermediate level (scoring 260–375). HH infrastructure, including the sink:bed and AG:patient ratios remained stable from January 2020 to present. The AG:patient ratios were 1:3, 1:1 and 10:13 at HP1, HP2, and HP3 respectively. The sink:bed ratios were 1:6, 1:5 and 5:13 at HP1, HP2 and HP3 respectively. Indirect compliance (AG consumption) was first measured in January 2020 at HP1 and has remained relatively stable from June to present. At HP2, AG consumption increased from January to February but decreased throughout the year due to lack of AG which was replaced by soap and water. AG consumption at HP3 increased from January to March, with some variation throughout the year but generally at higher levels than in 2019. Direct HH observation data are limited; however, an increased number of observations at HP1 and increased compliance rates were noted for HP1 and HP3 between January and September 2020. As the pandemic emerged, all 3 POUs increased training of staff, patients, and caretakers. Between January and April, 8 training sessions were held for 349 attendees including 235 healthcare workers (HCWs) at HP1; 13 sessions were held for 443 attendees including 61 HCWs at HP2; 15 sessions were held for 288 attendees including 87 HCWs at HP3. Since these early efforts, a smaller number of sessions with fewer attendees have been held. Conclusion During the COVID-19 pandemic, the importance of HH practice was reinforced for HCWs, patients, and caretakers. As organizations and individuals, it is essential to ensure the continuation and sustainability of HH improvement as a strategy to ensure safe healthcare even after the threat of COVID-19 has subsided.
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Kava, Christine M., Edith A. Parker, Barbara Baquero, Susan J. Curry, Paul A. Gilbert, Michael Sauder, and Daniel K. Sewell. "Associations Between Organizational Culture, Workplace Health Climate, and Employee Smoking at Smaller Workplaces." Tobacco Use Insights 12 (January 2019): 1179173X1983584. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1179173x19835842.
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Background: Smaller workplaces frequently employ low-wage earners, who have higher smoking rates. Organizational culture and workplace health climate are two characteristics that could influence employee smoking. The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between organizational culture, workplace health climate, and smoking among employees at small (20-99 employees) and very small (<20 employees) workplaces. We proposed the following hypotheses: a stronger clan culture will be associated with a better workplace health climate (HP1); a better workplace health climate will be associated with lower odds of current smoking (HP2); and there will be an association between workplace health climate and smoking intensity (HP3) and between workplace health climate and quit intention (HP4). Methods: Executives and employees completed separate online questionnaires. Data collection occurred between June and October 2017. We used regression and Fisher’s exact tests to answer study hypotheses. Results: Workplaces with stronger clan cultures had a better workplace health climate (b = 0.27, P < .05), providing support for HP1. A better workplace health climate was associated with lower odds of being a current smoker (odds ratio [OR] = 0.08; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.01, 0.53), providing support for HP2. No significant relationship existed between workplace health climate and smoking intensity ( P = .50) or between workplace health climate and intention to quit smoking ( P = .32); therefore, HP3 and HP4 were not supported. Conclusion: Certain culture types may inform an organization’s health climate. Despite a lower likelihood of current smoking in workplaces with better health climates, a better health climate may not be sufficient to produce changes in smoking behavior and intentions.
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Strawa, Jakub W., Katarzyna Jakimiuk, Łukasz Szoka, Krzysztof Brzezinski, Paweł Drozdzal, Jerzy A. Pałka, and Michał Tomczyk. "New Polymethoxyflavones from Hottonia palustris Evoke DNA Biosynthesis-Inhibitory Activity in An Oral Squamous Carcinoma (SCC-25) Cell Line." Molecules 27, no. 14 (July 10, 2022): 4415. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27144415.
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Four new compounds, 5-hydroxy-2′,6′-dimethoxyflavone (4), 5-hydroxy-2′,3′,6′-trimethoxyflavone (5), 5-dihydroxy-6-methoxyflavone (6), and 5,6′-dihydroxy-2′,3′-dimethoxyflavone (7), and three known compounds, 1,3-diphenylpropane-1,3-dione (1), 5-hydroxyflavone (2), and 5-hydroxy-2′-methoxyflavone (3), were isolated from the aerial parts of Hottonia palustris. Their chemical structures were determined through the use of spectral, spectroscopic and crystallographic methods. The quantitative analysis of the compounds (1–7) and the zapotin (ZAP) in methanol (HP1), petroleum (HP6), and two chloroform extracts (HP7 and HP8) were also determined using HPLC-PDA. The biological activity of these compounds and extracts on the oral squamous carcinoma cell (SCC-25) line was investigated by considering their cytotoxic effects using the MTT assay. Subsequently, the most active compounds and extracts were assessed for their effect on DNA biosynthesis. It was found that all tested samples during 48 h treatment of SCC-25 cells induced the DNA biosynthesis-inhibitory activity: compound 1 (IC50, 29.10 ± 1.45 µM), compound 7 (IC50, 40.60 ± 1.65 µM) and extracts ZAP (IC50, 20.33 ± 1.01 µM), HP6 (IC50, 14.90 ± 0.74 µg), HP7 (IC50, 16.70 ± 0.83 µg), and HP1 (IC50, 30.30 ± 1.15 µg). The data suggest that the novel polymethoxyflavones isolated from Hottonia palustris evoke potent DNA biosynthesis inhibitory activity that may be considered in further studies on experimental pharmacotherapy of oral squamous cell carcinoma.
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Wang, Yanping, Ella R. Rotman, Nadja B. Shoemaker, and Abigail A. Salyers. "Translational Control of Tetracycline Resistance and Conjugation in the Bacteroides Conjugative Transposon CTnDOT." Journal of Bacteriology 187, no. 8 (April 15, 2005): 2673–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.187.8.2673-2680.2005.
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ABSTRACT The tetQ-rteA-rteB operon of the Bacteroides conjugative transposon CTnDOT is responsible for tetracycline control of the excision and transfer of CTnDOT. Previous studies revealed that tetracycline control of this operon occurred at the translational level and involved a hairpin structure located within the 130-base leader sequence that lies between the promoter of tetQ and the start codon of the gene. This hairpin structure is formed by two sequences, designated Hp1 and Hp8. Hp8 contains the ribosome binding site for tetQ. Examination of the leader region sequence revealed three sequences that might encode a leader peptide. One was only 3 amino acids long. The other two were 16 amino acids long. By introducing stop codons into the peptide coding regions, we have now shown that the 3-amino-acid peptide is the one that is essential for tetracycline control. Between Hp1 and Hp8 lies an 85-bp region that contains other possible RNA hairpin structures. Deletion analysis of this intervening DNA segment has now identified a sequence, designated Hp2, which is essential for tetracycline regulation. This sequence could form a short hairpin structure with Hp1. Mutations that made the Hp1-Hp2 structure more stable caused nearly constitutively high expression of the operon. Thus, stalling of ribosomes on the 3-amino-acid leader peptide could favor formation of the Hp1-Hp2 structure and thus preclude formation of the Hp1-Hp8 structure, releasing the ribosome binding site of tetQ. Finally, comparison of the CTnDOT tetQ leader regions with upstream regions of five tetQ genes found in other elements reveals that the sequences are virtually identical, suggesting that translational attenuation is responsible for control of tetracycline resistance in these other cases as well.
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Souza Júnior, Edson Sidião de, and Marco Tulio A. Garcia-Zapata. "Diagnóstico laboratorial de enteroparasitoses oportunistas, com ênfase nas microsporidioses humanas, em Goiânia-GO." Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical 39, no. 6 (December 2006): 560–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0037-86822006000600010.
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Os microsporídios são protozoários, emergentes e oportunistas, responsáveis por patologias de alta morbi-mortalidade, principalmente em indivíduos com distúrbios imunes. Este estudo visa determinar o perfil clínico-laboratorial destes agentes. No total, foram avaliados 723 pacientes divididos em dois grupos: I) Indivíduos imunodeprimidos/imunossuprimidos; II) Indivíduos aparentemente imunocompetentes. Estes, após livre e esclarecido consentimento, foram entrevistados e cederam amostras fecais, sendo todas submetidas a técnicas de HPJ, Rugai, Faust e colorações específicas para coccídios e microsporídios. A freqüência de microsporídios foi 1,3% (5/393) no grupo I, enquanto no outro grupo foi quatro vezes menor. A ocorrência de outras enteroparasitoses oportunistas também foi maior no grupo I. Conclui-se, por um lado, que estes agentes estão em nosso meio, e por outro, necessitamos aprimorar o diagnóstico clínico e laboratorial, para definir a distribuição geográfica destes agentes no Estado de Goiás e no Brasil.
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Ferraz, Alexsander, Eduarda Machado dos Santos, Bruna Dos Santos Pires, Carolina Barboza Lopes, Tainá Ança Evaristo, Ana Lúcia Coelho Recuero, Tanize Angonesi de Castro, Diego Moscarelli Pinto, and Leandro Quintana Nizoli. "FREQUÊNCIA DE GIARDIA SP. EM AMOSTRAS DE FEZES DE CÃES E GATOS, RECEBIDAS NO LABORATÓRIO DE DOENÇAS PARASITARIAS DA UFPEL, ENTRE OS ANOS DE 2015 E 2016." Revista Científica Rural 21, no. 1 (March 20, 2019): 158–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.30945/rcr-v21i1.293.
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A giardiose, doença causada pelo protozoário giardia sp., apresenta potencial zoonótico e é facilmente disseminada pela ingestão de cistos na água e alimento. Para identificação parasitológica deste agente prioriza-se as técnicas laboratoriais coproparasitológicas, sendo algumas delas o método de Faust e a técnica de Hoffman, Pons e Janer (HPJ). Este trabalho teve como objetivo, analisar amostras de fezes de cães e gatos, recebidas no laboratório de doenças parasitárias (ladopar) da faculdade de veterinária da UFPel e analisadas pela técnica de Faust , que consiste no princípio da centrifugo-flutuação. Das 238 amostras analisadas por esta técnica, 221 foram de cães e 17 de gatos, sendo que destas, 28 (12,7%) e 6 (35,3%) foram positivas para cistos de giardia sp. em cães e gatos, respectivamente. Pelo fato de ser uma zoonose, é necessário adotar medidas sanitárias que visem à diminuição da contaminação dos animais e do ambiente, diminuindo consequentemente a exposição a este protozoário.
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Wang, Jiaxing, Rongbian Wei, and Ru Song. "Novel Antibacterial Peptides Isolated from the Maillard Reaction Products of Half-Fin Anchovy (Setipinna taty) Hydrolysates/Glucose and Their Mode of Action in Escherichia coli." Marine Drugs 17, no. 1 (January 10, 2019): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md17010047.
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The Maillard reaction products (MRPs) of half-fin anchovy hydrolysates and glucose, named as HAHp(9.0)-G MRPs, were fractionated by size exclusion chromatography into three major fractions (F1–F3). F2, which demonstrated the strongest antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and showed self-production of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), was extracted by solid phase extraction. The hydrophobic extract of F2 was further isolated by reverse phase-high performance liquid chromatography into sub-fractions HE-F2-1 and HE-F2-2. Nine peptides were identified from HE-F2-1, and two peptides from HE-F2-2 using liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization/multi-stage mass spectrometry. Three peptides, FEDQLR (HGM-Hp1), ALERTF (HGM-Hp2), and RHPEYAVSVLLR (HGM-Hp3), with net charges of −1, 0, and +1, respectively, were synthesized. The minimal inhibitory concentration of these synthetic peptides was 2 mg/mL against E. coli. Once incubated with logarithmic growth phase of E. coli, HGM-Hp1 and HGM-Hp2 induced significant increases of both extracellular and intracellular H2O2 formation. However, HGM-Hp3 only dramatically enhanced intracellular H2O2 production in E. coli. The increased potassium ions in E. coli suspension after addition of HGM-Hp1 or HGM-Hp2 indicated the destruction of cell integrity via irreversible membrane damage. It is the first report of hydrolysates MRPs-derived peptides that might perform the antibacterial activity via inducing intracellular H2O2 production.
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Dalzochio, Thaís, and Gabriela Zorzi. "Identificação de enteroparasitos em hortaliças comercializadas no município de Nova Prata, RS." Revista Educação em Saúde 9, no. 1 (June 24, 2021): 80–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.37951/2358-9868.2021v9i1.p80-87.
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Objetivo: Investigar a presença de enteroparasitos em hortaliças comercializadas em quatro estabelecimentos no município de Nova Prata, RS. Métodos: Foram analisadas 40 amostras de alface (Lactuca sativa) e 40 amostras de chicória (Cichorium pumilum), adquiridas em mercados e feiras. As amostras foram transportadas ao laboratório e processadas pelo método de sedimentação espontânea de Hoffman, Pons e Janer (HPJ). Resultados: Verificou-se um total de 53,7% (43/80) de amostras contaminadas por enteroparasitos. Dentre as amostras de alface, observou-se presença de parasitos em 45% (18/40). Nas amostras de chicória, foram observados parasitos em 62,5% (25/40). Os ancilostomídeos (ovos e larvas) foram os parasitos presentes. Além disso, houve maior contaminação de ambas as hortaliças adquiridas de mercados em comparação com as feiras. Conclusão: A presença de estruturas parasitárias em hortaliças comercializadas no município indica a necessidade de cuidados relacionados ao cultivo, transporte e armazenamento das hortaliças, bem como a importância da adoção de medidas de higienização adequadas dos alimentos a fim de minimizar a ocorrência de enteroparasitoses na população.
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Hilmawan, Tedi. "STRATEGI DAN ADVOKASI PONDOK PESANTREN DALAM MENYELESAIKAN MASALAH KONFLIK SOSIAL (Studi Analisis Pondok Pesantren Al-Ittihad Jabung Lampung Timur)." Al-Syakhsiyyah: Journal of Law & Family Studies 2, no. 1 (June 23, 2020): 150–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.21154/syakhsiyyah.v2i1.2165.
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ABSTRAK : Konflik sosial dengan melibatkan tindak kekerasan masa masih sering terjadi Lampung, Salah satunya di Jabung, Lampung Timur. Secara umum, konflik disebabkan karena persoalan politik, ekonomi, sosial budaya antar umat beragama, suku etnis, masyarakat dengan pelaku usaha dan distribusi sumber daya alam yang tidak seimbang. Pondok Pesantren sebagai bagian dari gerakan Civil Society selain melaksanakan institusi pendidikan, pada dasarnya dapat memberikan kontribusi besar dalam upaya menjaga keharmonisan simpul sosial kemasyarakatan dalam upaya mecegah konflik sosial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan bagaimana Strategi dan Advokasi Pondok Pesantren Al-Ittihad dalam Menyelesaikan Masalah Konflik Sosial di Jabung? Bagaimana relasi dalam penyelesaian konflik?. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengambilan data melalui wawancara dan dokumentasi. Dalam implementasinya strategi dan advokasi yang dilakukan Pondok Pesantren Al-Ittihad adalah strategi persuasi dan edukasi. Strategi persuasi dilakukan dengan melakukan rapat, lokakarya, koalisi, lobi, media, dan demo. Upaya perdamaian yang dilakukan adalah menggelar dialog publik bekerjasama HPJ (Himpunan Pemuda Jabung) dan Gerakan Pemuda Ansor melibatkan pemerintah dan tokoh masyarakat. Selanjutnya, Strategi Edukasi Pondok pesantren dilakukan dengan kegiatan pengajian seperti solawat (Masbroan), istigotsah dan thoriqoh. Dalam upaya penyelesaian konflik, Pondok pesantren lebih dominan bertindak langsung ke masyarakat.
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Zamprone, Jéssica Teixeira, Daiane Laingvoit Wilhelms Reimann, Daniele Cristie De Moura, José Henrique Francisco Roma, Ludiele Souza Castro, Aline Pereira Marques, Lisie Souza Castro, Marcondes Alves Barbosa Da Silva, and Laura Valdiane Luz Melo. "Prevalência de enteroparasitos em crianças de uma unidade de educação infantil municipal de Rondonópolis – MT." Journal of Health & Biological Sciences 5, no. 2 (April 24, 2017): 150. http://dx.doi.org/10.12662/2317-3076jhbs.v5i2.1209.p150-154.2017.
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Objetivos: Este estudo teve como um de seus objetivos avaliar a presença de enteroparasitos em crianças que frequentavam um Centro de Educação Municipal Infantil (CMEI) de Rondonópolis - MT. Métodos: Foram realizadas as coletas das amostras fecais no período de março a maio de 2016 e, posteriormente, analisadas pelo método de Hoffman, Pons e Janer (HPJ) no laboratório de Ciências Básicas da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Campus Universitário de Rondonópolis, finalizando com um questionário sócio demográfico de fatores de risco para a infecção. Resultados: Entre as 57 crianças pesquisadas, detectou-se positividade para enteroparasitoses em 10 (17,54%) delas, o parasita mais prevalente foi a Giardia lamblia (70%). Em relação ao sexo, a maior positividade das amostras se deu entre crianças do sexo masculino. Conclusão: Os achados dessa pesquisa demonstram que, embora o Ministério da Saúde venha aplicando medidas de controle dos enteroparasitos como o Programa Saúde na Escola, mais medidas deverão ser tomadas, principalmente pelos profissionais de saúde da Atenção Primária. Uma medida simples e eficaz é a educação em saúde executada de forma específica para a conscientização dessas crianças e de seus responsáveis sobre cuidados e higienização para uma melhor qualidade de vida.
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Chinga Medina, Emma Isabel, Carlos Luis Sánchez Ávila, and Anita María Murillo Zavala. "Calidad sanitaria y enteroparásitos en arena de la playa Puerto Cayo, cantón Jipijapa." MQRInvestigar 7, no. 1 (January 29, 2023): 1613–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.56048/mqr20225.7.1.2023.1613-1633.
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El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la calidad sanitaria y enteroparásitos en arena de la playa Puerto Cayo, importante área turística del cantón Jipijapa, procediendo de una investigación descriptiva no experimental de tipo transversal. Por muestreo probabilístico, se recolectaron 60 muestras de arena en tres puntos geográficos de acuerdo a su transitabilidad, zona de actividad pesquera y turismo, es decir que, se analizaron 20 muestras por área. Para identificar parásitos por medio de análisis microscópico se usó la técnica de sedimentación espontánea (HPJ) y flotación (Willis), adicionalmente el empleo de guía de observación para comprobar la presencia de indicadores sanitarios (residuos sólidos, temperatura, concurrencia o incidencia animal y manejo de desechos). En efecto, se logró obtener que el 5% de muestras corresponde para estructuras parásitas concretamente para larvas de Nematode. También, se logró determinar que no existe relación significativa entre la calidad sanitaria y los enteroparásitos en arena. Desde luego, los datos encontrados indicaron la necesidad de promover campañas de educación ambiental en la playa de Puerto Cayo, por ende, es conveniente que se efectúen más investigaciones para poder identificar y mitigar las repercusiones de la zoonosis en la población.
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Ashfaq, Muhammad, Renshan Zhu, Muhammad Ali, Zhiyong Xu, Abdul Rasheed, Muhammad Jamil, Adnan Shakir, and Xianting Wu. "Adaptation and High Yield Performance of HonglianType Hybrid Rice in Pakistan with Desirable Agricultural Traits." Agriculture 13, no. 2 (January 19, 2023): 242. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13020242.
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Honglian type cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is one of the three known major CMS types of rice (Oryza sativa L.) commercially used in hybrid rice seed production. Hybrid rice generated by the Honglian type CMS is a special group of hybrid rice, having distinct agricultural characteristics. The main objective of the study was to screen out the Honglian hybrid rice adapted for growing in Pakistan based on desirable traits. Different Honglian-type hybrid rice varietieswere tested locally in different locations in Pakistan based on various desirabletraits. Three Honglian types of hybrids (HP1, HP2, HP3) performed well, had better agricultural traits and showed high yield potential over the check variety. Different qualitative and quantitative traits were studied to conclude the advantages of these varieties for Pakistani local adaptation evaluations. Forty-eight SSR markers were used to study the genetic diversities of the hybrids. Nine selected polymorphic SSR markers (RM-219, RM-236, RM-274, RM-253, RM-424, RM-567, RM-258, RM-481, RM-493) showed genetic variations among Honglian hybrid rice varieties through PCR analysis. In 2019 and 2020, the increment of the yield potential of HP1, HP2 and HP3 was better (+43.90%, +35.44%, +37.13% and +30.91%, +33.37%, +33.62%, respectively, in both years)than the check variety KSK-133. All the desirable traits were analyzed through Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The principal components with more than one eigenvalue showed more variability. The average variability of 74.78% was observed among genotypes and their desirable traits in both years. National Uniform Yield Trial (NUYT) and Distinctness, Uniformity, Stability (DUS) trials are being conducted under the supervision of National Coordinated Rice (NCR) and Federal Seed Certification and Registration Department (FSCRD), Government of Pakistan. In the 2020 trial, the average yield of 104 rice varieties/hybrids was 8608 kg/ha; HP1, HP2 and HP3 (8709 kg/ha, 8833 kg/ha, and 9338 kg/ha, respectively) were all higher than the average yield, and HP3 yield was higher than over check varieties (D-121, Guard-53). In the 2021 trial, the average yield of 137 varieties was 7616 kg/ha; the HP1 yield (7863 kg/ha) was higher than the average overcheck varieties/hybrids. Various qualitative and quantitative traits showed desirable genetic diversity among the rice hybrids. It was also observed that, under higher temperatures, the seeds setting rate of Honglian-type hybrid rice was stable, which is the guarantee for stable yield and rice production in Pakistan. Moreover, it was considerably better, suggesting that Honglian-type hybrid rice varieties can be grown in Pakistan because they are less risky under climate change, especially the global warming challenges.
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Enrico Ciavolino, Sergio Salvatore, Piergiorgio Mossi, and Marta Vernai. "Quality And Prosumership. Proserv: A New Tool For Measuring The Customer Satisfaction." International Journal of Business and Society 18, no. 3 (December 31, 2017): 409–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.33736/ijbs.3119.2017.
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The current paper aims to present a new modelfor assessingthe Customer Satisfaction. The model, named Prosumership Service Quality Model (PROSERV), can be seen as an extension ofthe European Customer Satisfaction Index (ECSI), where the centrality of the customer is developed in order to take into account the prosumership as a fundamental part of service quality and satisfaction. The theoretical model has been formalized in 4hypotheses: (HP1) the PROSERV-Q questionnaire has a good level of reliability; (HP2) the PROSERV-Q underlies the three level abstraction modelled by PROSERV; the estimated level of overall satisfactionhas high correlation with the external global satisfaction index (HP3) and Loyalty (HP4).In order to test these hypotheses, the PROSERV -and the associated questionnaire PROSERV-Q –are applied to a sample of 680 customers of services. The theoretical model has been conceptualized as a three levels hierarchical structure, and statistically formalized with the PLS Path Modelling (PLS-PM) with higher-order constructs.Results are consistent with hypotheses, in that providing evidence that the three-level PROSERV model is able to capture the fundamental constitutive components of customer satisfactionand, at same time, affects the loyalty.
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De Almeida Maia, Carlos Vangerre, Izabella Cabral Hassum, and Gustavo Souza Valladares. "PARASITOSES INTESTINAIS EM USUÁRIOS DO SUS EM LIMOEIRO DO NORTE, CEARÁ, ANTES DE EXPANSÃO DE SISTEMA DE ESGOTAMENTO SANITÁRIO." HOLOS 2 (April 18, 2015): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.15628/holos.2015.1973.
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As parasitoses intestinais representam um agravo de amplitude mundial, sendo indicador de status socioeconômico. Sua transmissão feco-oral reforça a necessidade de ampliação de serviços de saneamento básico. O estudo tem caráter retrospectivo, descritivo e exploratório, com dados secundários, objetiva apresentar a frequência parasitária em usuários do Serviço Único de Saúde (SUS), em Limoeiro do Norte – CE, entre janeiro de 2008 e dezembro de 2009. Os exames foram realizados por meio da técnica de sedimentação espontânea de fezes (HPJ, 1934). Os dados foram organizados e analisados por meio de estatística descritiva, através dos testes de Qui-quadrado, teste t para amostras independentes, teste de Mann-Whitney e correlçao de Pearson, ambos com significância de 5% (p < 0,05). Foram analisadas 1266 amostras, onde 295 (23,3%) foram positivas para algum parasita. Endolimax nana, Entamoeba coli e Giardia lamblia foram os parasitas mais frequentes. O sexo masculino foi o mais acometido. Houve maior prevalência em adultos (p < 0,05). Verificou-se diferença estatística quanto à prevalência entre as Unidades Básicas de Saúde (UBSs) e entre a sazonalidade durante os anos (p < 0,05). A relação entre a prevalência e médias pluviométricas durante os meses apresentou correlação muito baixa (r = -0,20) e sem significância estatística. Mesmo com a alta prevalência, não pode desconsiderar possível prevalência subestimada.
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Bataglion, Ana Carolina, and Thaís Dalzochio. "Occurrence of parasites in the soil of public squares in Veranópolis, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil." Revista de Patologia Tropical / Journal of Tropical Pathology 51, no. 4 (January 10, 2023): 275–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5216/rpt.v51i4.73348.
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Human health is threatened by diseases transmitted between animals and humans, denominated zoonoses. Public parks and squares are environments used by the population and easily accessed by domestic and stray animals. The contact of dogs and cats with the soil from those places may favor the transmission of zoonoses to humans. This study aimed to determine the occurrence of parasites in the soil of public squares in the city of Veranópolis in Rio Grande do Sul State. Forty sand samples were collected in four squares throughout the months of December 2021, January, February and March 2022. The samples were processed by the Hoffman, Pons and Janer (HPJ) and Rugai methods. The results showed that 32.5% (13/40) of samples were positive for the presence of parasitic structures. Nematode larvae, including hookworm, were the most prevalent parasitic structures in the samples. In addition, Capillaria sp. eggs, Strongyloides sp. larvae, free-living larvae and Entamoeba coli cysts were also found. Two collections conducted after rainy days had a higher rate of contamination. The presence of parasites was observed in both superficial and deep samples. Therefore, the presence of parasites in the sand of Veranópolis’ public squares demonstrates that there is a risk of parasitic infection for the local population. KEY WORDS: Animals; parasites; soil; squares; zoonoses.
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Pham, Huynh A., Carolyn E. Oldham, and Jason J. Plumb. "The Diversity of Benthic Microorganisms in Acidic Mine Lake Sediments." Advanced Materials Research 20-21 (July 2007): 489–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.20-21.489.
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The sediment microbial communities of a disused coal mine lake, Lake Kepwari (pH~4.5-5) were studied to understand how the natural microbial processes in an oligotrophic acidic mine lake system influence the iron and sulphur cycles. Most probable number (MPN) viable counts were used to enumerate the benthic bacteria at different depths. MPN results revealed an abundance of bacteria that were capable of growing in sulphate reducing medium with numbers in the range of 1 × 107 – 1 × 108 cells.g-1 of wet sediment. In contrast, MPN results showed much lower numbers of bacteria that were capable of growing in ferric reducing medium with 1 × 102 – 2 × 103 cells.g-1 of wet sediment detected. Serial decimal dilution cultures were used to isolate pure strains of benthic bacteria. Strains HP1, HP2 and HP3 were isolated from benthic lake sediments at 18 m, 0 m and 10 m water depths respectively. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis of strain HP1 showed that the strain belonged to the genus Enterobacter, strain HP2 belonged to the Order Rhizobiales and strain HP3 belonged to the sub-order Micrococcineae. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis of 16S rRNA gene fragments was used to profile the diversity of the benthic microbial communities at different depths. DGGE profiling of benthic sediments revealed that sediments contained mostly members of the Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Firmicutes phyla.
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Oliveira, Estéfane Souza Lopes, and Juliana Santiago Da Silva. "ÍNDICE DE PARASITOSES INTESTINAIS NAS ZONAS URBANA E RURAL DO MUNICÍPIO DE CAPUTIRA - ESTADO DE MINAS GERAIS." Pensar Acadêmico 14, no. 2 (November 28, 2016): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.21576/rpa.2016v14i2.11.
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<p>No Brasil, as doenças parasitárias figuram entre os principais problemas de saúde pública. No entanto, a investigação parasitológica tem sido amplamente negligenciada no país. O presente estudo teve como objetivo verificar o índice de parasitoses intestinais nas zonas rural e urbana do município de Caputira, localizado na Zona da Mata Mineira, comparando o índice de parasitose e observando o parasito de maior incidência na população urbana e rural, através de exames parasitológicos de fezes (HPJ). Dos examinados, 96,7% estavam parasitados, sendo que <em>Ascaris lumbricoides,</em> <em>Schistosoma mansoni</em>, <em>Giardia lamblia</em> e <em>Entamoeba histolytica</em> foram os parasitas mais frequentes, com prevalências de 93.4%, 50.0%, 33.4% e 33.4%, respectivamente. Foi observado que os helmintos foram mais frequentes na zona rural, enquanto a prevalência dos protozoários <em>E. histolytica </em>e <em>G. lamblia</em> foi maior na zona urbana. Observou-se uma diferença significativa na prevalência dos parasitas <em>E. histolytica,</em><em> G. lamblia e A. lumbricoides </em>que têm seus mecanismos de transmissão vinculada a água na população urbana. A hipótese para tentar explicar essa questão pode estar relacionada à qualidade da água utilizada pela população urbana. </p>
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Catapan, Anderson, Flávia Helena da Silva, Júlio Coelho Ribeiro Sabino Chaves, Flávia Neves Carneiro, Rosilene Silva Araújo, Bruna Soares de Souza Lima, and Júlia Gatti Ladeia Costa. "Prevalência de Enteroparasitoses em pacientes HIV positivos no município de Ponte Nova e região." Brazilian Journal of Health Review 5, no. 4 (August 31, 2022): 17075–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.34119/bjhrv5n4-259.
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As enteroparasitoses representam um grave problema de saúde pública. A imunodepressão causada pela Síndrome de Imunodeficiência Adquirida (AIDS) determina maior suscetibilidade dos pacientes a infecções oportunistas, incluindo algumas enteroparasitoses. Dessa forma, o objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a prevalência dessas infecções, bem como o parasito envolvido, nos pacientes HIV positivos, acompanhados no ambulatório de IST/AIDS/HEPATITES na cidade de Ponte Nova – MG, entre 2017 a 2020. O estudo incluiu a investigação em 37 pacientes, através de exame parasitológico de fezes (EPF) - método HPJ – e associação com dados demográficos. Os resultados mostraram que 32,4% das amostras avaliadas apresentaram resultado positivo para algum patógeno; sendo 50% para Entamoeba histolytica. Considerando a idade, 58,34% dos pacientes concentrava- se na faixa etária de 31 a 40 anos, não sendo observada diferença estatística quando os dados foram associados à positividade no EPF. Com relação à com contagem de células CD4+, 83,78% apresentaram taxas acima de 350 células/mm³, não revelando frequência de imunodepressão grave. Entretanto, pacientes com EPF negativo apresentaram células CD4+ inferiores àqueles com resultado positivo no exame. Com isso, conclui-se que a imunodepressão em pacientes HIV positivos está reduzida na amostra avaliada, possivelmente pelo sucesso do tratamento antiretroviral, e que a prevalência de enteroparasitos nessa população está mais relacionada aos hábitos de higiene e condições sanitárias inadequadas.
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Farias, Dariane Barbosa, Daiany do Rosário Antônio Guimarães, and Marco Antônio Andrade de Souza. "Contaminação parasitológica do solo em parques públicos da cidade de Conceição da Barra, Espírito Santo, Brasil." Health and Biosciences 2, no. 1 (April 28, 2021): 143–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.47456/hb.v2i1.34071.
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Uma grande fonte de contaminação parasitológica humana são os animais que vivem na rua e os cães e gatos domésticos parasitados, levados para áreas públicas destinadas à recreação de crianças, poluindo o solo com suas fezes. Com o objetivo de avaliar o grau de contaminação parasitológica no solo de parques públicos da cidade de Conceição da Barra, Espírito Santo, Brasil foram coletadas no período de janeiro e fevereiro de 2020, amostras de areia de sete parques públicos, totalizando ao final da pesquisa 42 amostras. As amostras foram coletadas em cada um dos quatro vértices e do centro da área estabelecida para coleta, retirando-se frações de 100 gramas de areia em cada vértice. O material coletado foi acondicionado em sacos plásticos de primeiro uso, transportado e armazenado no laboratório de Parasitologia e Hematologia Clínica, do Centro Universitário Norte do Espírito Santo, da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, para análise pelos métodos de sedimentação espontânea (HPJ) e flutuação (Willis). Os resultados obtidos neste estudo indicaram que 57,14% das amostras de areia dos parques públicos apresentaram positividade para formas parasitárias de protozoários e helmintos. Das espécies parasitárias identificadas 29,18% foram de Ancylostoma spp., 20,83% de Enterobius vermicularis, 20,83% de Giardia lamblia, 12,50% de Ascaris lumbricoides, 8,33% de Entamoeba coli e 8,33% de Fasciola hepatica. Esses dados sugerem a importância de adoção de medidas preventivas nas áreas recreativas dos parques públicos da cidade de Conceição da Barra a fim de minimizar a contaminação fecal dos solos e, consequentemente, de humanos.
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Ricotti, Roberta, Marilisa De Feudis, Caterina Peri, Marco Corazzari, Giulia Genoni, Mara Giordano, Valentina Mancioppi, Emanuela Agosti, Simonetta Bellone, and Flavia Prodam. "Haptoglobin Phenotypes Are Associated with the Postload Glucose and Insulin Levels in Pediatric Obesity." International Journal of Endocrinology 2020 (July 9, 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/6035138.
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Purpose. Haptoglobin (Hp) is a protein involved in the acute-phase reaction of inflammation. Humans have three major phenotypes (Hp1-1, Hp1-2, and Hp2-2). Several studies have shown altered Hp regulation in adults with obesity and metabolic alterations. The Hp2-2 phenotype is associated with a high cardiovascular risk. Our aim was to investigate if Hp levels and the Hp2-2 phenotype are associated with glucose metabolism in pediatric obesity. Methods. We retrospectively studied 192 participants (92 males and 100 females), aged 4–18 years. Clinical and biochemical data were collected. The Hp phenotype (Hp1-1, Hp1-2, and Hp2-2) was identified through Western immunoblot. Results. Subjects carrying Hp1-1, Hp1-2, and Hp2-2 phenotypes were 13.6, 50.8, and 35.6%, respectively. Hp serum, fasting glucose, and insulin levels, as well as HOMA-IR, were similar among groups. Postload glucose and insulin levels (as insulin AUC) were progressively higher from the Hp1-1 to Hp2-2 phenotype. Conclusion. To our knowledge, this is the first study on Hp phenotypes conducted in a pediatric population with obesity. We showed that the presence of Hp2 allele is associated with a worse response of glucose load in terms of both glucose and insulin levels. Thus, the Hp2-2 phenotype could predispose in pediatrics, at the same degree of obesity, to a worse glycemic and insulinemic compensation.
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Wang, Yang, Fan Yang, Xiaolong Cao, Zhen Zou, Zhiqiang Lu, Michael R. Kanost, and Haobo Jiang. "Hemolymph protease-5 links the melanization and Toll immune pathways in the tobacco hornworm,Manduca sexta." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 38 (September 8, 2020): 23581–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2004761117.
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Proteolytic activation of phenoloxidase (PO) and the cytokine Spätzle during immune responses of insects is mediated by a network of hemolymph serine proteases (HPs) and noncatalytic serine protease homologs (SPHs) and inhibited by serpins. However, integration and conservation of the system and its control mechanisms are not fully understood. Here we present biochemical evidence that PO-catalyzed melanin formation, Spätzle-triggered Toll activation, and induced synthesis of antimicrobial peptides are stimulated via hemolymph (serine) protease 5 (HP5) inManduca sexta. Previous studies have demonstrated a protease cascade pathway in which HP14 activates proHP21; HP21 activates proPAP2 and proPAP3, which then activate proPO in the presence of a complex of SPH1 and SPH2. We found that both HP21 and PAP3 activate proHP5 by cleavage at ESDR176*IIGG. HP5 then cleaves proHP6 at a unique site of LDLH112*ILGG. HP6, an ortholog ofDrosophilaPersephone, activates both proHP8 and proPAP1. HP8 activates proSpätzle-1, whereas PAP1 cleaves and activates proPO. HP5 is inhibited byManduca sextaserpin-4, serpin-1A, and serpin-1J to regulate its activity. In summary, we have elucidated the physiological roles of HP5, a CLIPB with unique cleavage specificity (cutting after His) that coordinates immune responses in the caterpillar.
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Verschure, Pernette J., Ineke van der Kraan, Wim de Leeuw, Johan van der Vlag, Anne E. Carpenter, Andrew S. Belmont, and Roel van Driel. "In Vivo HP1 Targeting Causes Large-Scale Chromatin Condensation and Enhanced Histone Lysine Methylation." Molecular and Cellular Biology 25, no. 11 (June 1, 2005): 4552–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.25.11.4552-4564.2005.
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ABSTRACT Changes in chromatin structure are a key aspect in the epigenetic regulation of gene expression. We have used a lac operator array system to visualize by light microscopy the effect of heterochromatin protein 1 (HP1) α (HP1α) and HP1β on large-scale chromatin structure in living mammalian cells. The structure of HP1, containing a chromodomain, a chromoshadow domain, and a hinge domain, allows it to bind to a variety of proteins. In vivo targeting of an enhanced green fluorescent protein-tagged HP1-lac repressor fusion to a lac operator-containing, gene-amplified chromosome region causes local condensation of the higher-order chromatin structure, recruitment of the histone methyltransferase SETDB1, and enhanced trimethylation of histone H3 lysine 9. Polycomb group proteins of both the HPC/HPH and the EED/EZH2 complexes, which are involved in the heritable repression of gene activity, are not recruited to the amplified chromosome region by HP1α and HP1β in vivo targeting. HP1α targeting causes the recruitment of endogenous HP1β to the chromatin region and vice versa, indicating a direct interaction between the two HP1 homologous proteins. Our findings indicate that HP1α and HP1β targeting is sufficient to induce heterochromatin formation.
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Paichadze, Nugzar, Natalia Kharadze, and Maia Giorgobiani. "Career Management Trends in Terms of Gender." European Journal of Economics and Business Studies 5, no. 1 (April 30, 2019): 225. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejes.v5i1.p225-257.
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Career management is a deliberate process including the involvement of an individual in various activities, resulting in a high level of performance, professional growth. Many people think that the career and the job that we choose represent the goal of our existence, and by this we can demonstrate ourselves and our natural inclinations. Our paper deals with career management. Our interest has been caused by gender peculiarities in career management. Gender Equality gives the opportunity to women and men to have an equal access in all areas of public life. In the course of research we set the hypotheses; Hypothesis HP1: Gender Q2 affects Q1 employment field (1)public sector 2) private sector 3) educational institution;); Hypothesis HP3: Gender Q2 affects Q5 how the respondents were accepted to work (by means of an interview, a contest, a direct manner) where we used the Correlation Analysis, a Chi-square Test; Hypothesis HP2: Gender Q2 affects Q4 work experience. Where we used the Correlation Analysis, the test about Homogeneity of Variance (Levene); Hypothesis HP4: Gender Q2 influences Q15 Are you invited to any kind of meetings? Where a single-factor dispersion analysis is used-One Way ANOVA, Correlation Analysis. The survey showed an interesting picture in terms of gender. The impact of the Georgians cultural values and traditions has been sharply revealed in women's career management process. Considering the conclusions and recommendations received as a result of the survey will eliminate the problems in women's career management.
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Ferraz, Alexsander, Camila Moura de Lima, Eugênia Tavares Barwaldt, Tanize Angonesi de Castro, Paola Renata Joanol Dallmann, Carolina da Fonseca Sapin, Márcia de Oliveira Nobre, and Leandro Quintana Nizoli. "Parasitismo por Cryptosporidium spp. em canino doméstico no município de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil." Research, Society and Development 10, no. 12 (September 20, 2021): e277101220427. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i12.20427.
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Cryptosporidium spp. são protozoários, do filo Apicomplexa, com capacidade de infectar diferentes espécies de vertebrados, como mamíferos, aves, répteis, peixes, anfíbios e também o homem, pois apresenta potencial zoonótico, sendo o agente causador da Criptosporidiose. A infecção ocorre através da ingestão de oocistos esporulados presentes na água ou alimentos contaminados, ou ainda, pelo contato com fezes de animais infectados. Os sinais clínicos, quando presentes, são de gastroenterite, como diarreia, vômito, febre, cólicas abdominais e perda de apetite, tanto em animais como em humanos. Portanto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi relatar o caso de um cão infectado por Cryptosporidium spp., diagnosticado através de exame coproparasitológico. O material analisado foi proveniente de um cão, adulto, macho, SRD, com histórico de diarreia, com sangue e muco, episódios esporádicos de vômito também foram relatados. Foi informado também que o animal estava com o cronograma de vermifugação e vacinação atualizados. Nas técnicas coproparasitológicas de Willis Mollay, Faust e HPJ, não foram observados formas evolutivas de nenhum gênero de enteroparasito. Para pesquisa de Cryptosporidium spp., foi realizado primeiramente a técnica de centrifugo sedimentação em formalina-éter para concentração dos oocistos e posteriormente, para identificação, a coloração de Ziehl-Neelsen modificada, onde foi possível visualizar oocistos do protozoário. Como tratamento foi preconizado uso off label de Azitromicina (10 mg/kg), VO, 24x24 hs, durante 7 dias, e probiótico, (5 gr.), 24x24 hs, durante 5 dias. Após o término da terapia, houve melhora clínica do paciente e após nova análise coproparasitológica, não foram observados oocistos de Cryptosporidium spp.
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Ferreira, Alanny Martins, Rubiana Soares De Souza, and Marco Antônio Andrade de Souza. "Análise parasitológica em famílias assistidas por uma associação de apoio a crianças carentes da cidade São Mateus, Espírito Santo, Brasil." Health and Biosciences 2, no. 2 (August 29, 2021): 38–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.47456/hb.v2i2.35638.
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No Brasil, país de clima tropical, a disseminação de parasitoses intestinais é favorecida pelas temperaturas elevadas, umidade, deficiência nas condições de saneamento básico, de higiene pessoal e o baixo nível socioeconômico da população. Nesse sentido, o objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a prevalência de enteroparasitoses em crianças e familiares de uma Associação de apoio a crianças carentes da cidade de São Mateus, ES, Brasil. No período de janeiro a junho de 2020 foram coletadas amostras de fezes de 30 crianças e adultos com faixa etária de 3 a 45 anos de idade. O material coletado foi transportado ao Laboratório de Parasitologia e Hematologia Clínica do Centro Universitário Norte do Espírito Santo, da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, para análise. O método utilizado foi o HPJ, técnica simples que se fundamenta na sedimentação espontânea em água, sendo indicada para pesquisa de ovos, larvas e cistos de enteroparasitos. Com base na análise realizada, observou-se a presença de endoparasitas e comensais intestinais em 60% das amostras analisadas, sendo o comensal Entamoeba coli (55,56%) o mais frequente, seguido pelos parasitos Trichuris trichiura e Ascaris lumbricoides, ambos com 27,78% de prevalência. Também foram encontradas outras espécies, em menor frequência, como Giardia lamblia, Entamoeba histolytica/dispar, Ancilostomídeos, Schistosoma mansoni, e os comensais Iodomoeba butschilli e Endolimax nana. Espera-se a contribuição do trabalho para a melhoria da qualidade de saúde parasitológica da população em estudo e o avanço de novos estudos em São Mateus, colaborando assim, para a melhoria das condições de vida da população do município.
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Hostettler, Isabel Charlotte, Matthew J. Morton, Gareth Ambler, Nabila Kazmi, Tom Gaunt, Duncan Wilson, Clare Shakeshaft, et al. "Haptoglobin genotype and outcome after spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 91, no. 3 (January 10, 2020): 298–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2019-321774.
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ObjectiveHaptoglobin is a haemoglobin-scavenging protein that binds and neutralises free haemoglobin and modulates inflammation and endothelial progenitor cell function. A HP gene copy number variation (CNV) generates HP1 and HP2 alleles, while the single-nucleotide polymorphism rs2000999 influences their levels. The HP1 allele is hypothesised to improve outcome after spontaneous (non-traumatic) intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH). We investigated the associations of the HP CNV genotype and rs2000999 with haematoma volume, perihaematomal oedema (PHO) volume, functional outcome and mortality after ICH.MethodsWe included patients with neuroimaging-proven ICH, available DNA and 6-month follow-up in an observational cohort study (CROMIS-2). We classified patients into three groups according to the HP CNV: 1–1, 2–1 or 2–2 and also dichotomised HP into HP1-containing genotypes (HP1-1 and HP2-1) and HP2-2 to evaluate the HP1 allele. We measured ICH and PHO volume on CT; PHO was measured by oedema extension distance. Functional outcome was assessed by modified Rankin score (unfavourable outcome defined as mRS 3–6).ResultsWe included 731 patients (mean age 73.4, 43.5% female). Distribution of HP CNV genotype was: HP1-1 n=132 (18.1%); HP2-1 n=342 (46.8%); and HP2-2 n=257 (35.2%). In the multivariable model mortality comparisons between HP groups, HP2-2 as reference, were as follows: OR HP1-1 0.73, 95% CI 0.34 to 1.56 (p value=0.41) and OR HP2-1 0.5, 95% CI 0.28 to 0.89 (p value=0.02) (overall p value=0.06). We found no evidence of association of HP CNV or rs200999 with functional outcome, ICH volume or PHO volume.ConclusionThe HP2-1 genotype might be associated with lower 6-month mortality after ICH; this finding merits further study.
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Sewalt, Richard G. A. B., Monika Lachner, Mark Vargas, Karien M. Hamer, Jan L. den Blaauwen, Thijs Hendrix, Martin Melcher, Dieter Schweizer, Thomas Jenuwein, and Arie P. Otte. "Selective Interactions between Vertebrate Polycomb Homologs and the SUV39H1 Histone Lysine Methyltransferase Suggest that Histone H3-K9 Methylation Contributes to Chromosomal Targeting of Polycomb Group Proteins." Molecular and Cellular Biology 22, no. 15 (August 1, 2002): 5539–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.22.15.5539-5553.2002.
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ABSTRACT Polycomb group (PcG) proteins form multimeric chromatin-associated protein complexes that are involved in heritable repression of gene activity. Two distinct human PcG complexes have been characterized. The EED/EZH2 PcG complex utilizes histone deacetylation to repress gene activity. The HPC/HPH PcG complex contains the HPH, RING1, BMI1, and HPC proteins. Here we show that vertebrate Polycomb homologs HPC2 and XPc2, but not M33/MPc1, interact with the histone lysine methyltransferase (HMTase) SUV39H1 both in vitro and in vivo. We further find that overexpression of SUV39H1 induces selective nuclear relocalization of HPC/HPH PcG proteins but not of the EED/EZH2 PcG proteins. This SUV39H1-dependent relocalization concentrates the HPC/HPH PcG proteins to the large pericentromeric heterochromatin domains (1q12) on human chromosome 1. Within these PcG domains we observe increased H3-K9 methylation. Finally, we show that H3-K9 HMTase activity is associated with endogenous HPC2. Our findings suggest a role for the SUV39H1 HMTase and histone H3-K9 methylation in the targeting of human HPC/HPH PcG proteins to modified chromatin structures.
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Lempiäinen, Juha, Petra Ijäs, Teemu J. Niiranen, Markku Kaste, Pekka J. Karhunen, Perttu J. Lindsberg, Timo Erkinjuntti, and Susanna Melkas. "Haptoglobin Hp1 Variant Does Not Associate with Small Vessel Disease." Brain Sciences 10, no. 1 (December 28, 2019): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10010018.
Full textAbstract:
Haptoglobin (Hp) is a plasma protein that binds free hemoglobin and protects tissues from oxidative damage. An Hp2 allele has been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular complications. On the other hand, recent studies have suggested that Hp1 allele increases risk to develop severe cerebral small vessel disease. We aimed to replicate this finding in a first-ever stroke patient cohort. Hp was genotyped by PCR and gel electrophoresis in the Helsinki Stroke Aging Memory Study in patients with DNA and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) available (SAM; n = 316). Lacunar infarcts and white matter lesions (WML) classified by Fazekas grading from brain MRI were associated with Hp genotypes. As population controls, we used participants of Cardiovascular diseases—a sub study of Health 2000 Survey (n = 1417). In the SAM cohort, 63.0% of Hp1-1 carriers (n = 46), 52.5% of Hp1-2 carriers (n = 141) and 51.2% of Hp2-2 carriers (n = 129) had severe WML (p = 0.372). There was no difference in severe WMLs between Hp1-1 vs. Hp1-2 and Hp2-2 carriers (p = 0.201). In addition, 68.9% of Hp1-1 carriers (n = 45), 58.5% of Hp1-2 carriers (n = 135), and 61.8% of Hp2-2 carriers (n = 126) had one or more lacunar lesions (p = 0.472). There was no difference in the number of patients with at least one lacunar infarct between Hp1-1 vs. Hp1-2 and Hp2-2 groups (p = 0.322). Neither was there any difference when diabetic patients (type I and II) were examined separately. Hp1 allele is not associated with an increased risk for cerebral small vessel disease in a well-characterized Finnish stroke patient cohort.
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Gaastra, Ben, James Glazier, Diederik Bulters, and Ian Galea. "Haptoglobin Genotype and Outcome after Subarachnoid Haemorrhage: New Insights from a Meta-Analysis." Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2017 (2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/6747940.
Full textAbstract:
Haptoglobin (Hp) is a plasma protein involved in clearing extracellular haemoglobin and regulating inflammation; it exists as two genetic variants (Hp1 and Hp2). In a meta-analysis of six published studies, we confirm that Hp genotype affects short-term outcome (cerebral vasospasm and/or delayed cerebral ischemia) after subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) but not long-term outcome (Glasgow Outcome Score and modified Rankin Scale between one and three months). A closer examination of the heterozygous group revealed that the short-term outcome of Hp2-1 individuals clustered with that of Hp1-1 and not Hp2-2, suggesting that the presence of one Hp1 allele was sufficient to confer protection. Since the presence of the Hp dimer is the only common feature between Hp1-1 and Hp2-1 individuals, the absence of this Hp moiety is most likely to underlie vasospasm in Hp2-2 individuals. These results have implications for prognosis after SAH and will inform further research into Hp-based mechanism of action and treatment.
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Lin, Xufeng, Yuanyuan Qu, Yanyan Xi, and Chenguang Liu. "Acid catalyzed first dehydration of glycerol at the secondary site: The effect of glycerol conformation." Journal of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry 13, no. 02 (March 2014): 1450016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219633614500163.
Full textAbstract:
The first dehydration of protonated glycerol taking place at its secondary site was investigated by density functional calculations by considering different conformations of glycerol. Five parallel reaction pathways via different conformers of protonated glycerol were found. One of these pathways leads to a direct formation of protonated 3-hydroxylpropanal (HPA), another one of these pathways produces protonated glycidol, and the other three produce protonated 3-hydroxy-1,1-propanediol (HPD). One of these pathways producing protonated HPD was found to have obviously larger relative reaction rate than other pathways. The dehydration of protonated HPD to afford protonate HPA requires a rather low reaction barrier (12 kcal/mol). These results show that the production of HPA via a stepwise process with protonated HPD as a key intermediate, is energetically favorable than via a one-step concerted process producing HPA.
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Brajon, Sophie, Jamie Ahloy-Dallaire, Nicolas Devillers, and Frédéric Guay. "The Role of Genetic Selection on Agonistic Behavior and Welfare of Gestating Sows Housed in Large Semi-Static Groups." Animals 10, no. 12 (December 4, 2020): 2299. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10122299.
Full textAbstract:
Confinement of gestating sows is becoming banished in favor of group-housing in countries worldwide, forcing breeding companies to develop genetic lines adapted for social living. This study aimed at assessing the influence of two genetic lines selected for high performance (HP1, HP2, derived from Landrace × Yorkshire) on welfare and reproductive performance of sows housed in large semi-static groups (20 groups of 46–91 animals) across several parities. To address this, agonistic behaviors were recorded on d0, d2, d27, and d29 post-mixing while body lesions were scored on d1, d26, and d84. Sows’ individual and reproductive performances were also recorded. HP2 sows were more aggressive than HP1 sows since they fought (p = 0.028) and bullied (p = 0.0009) pen-mates more frequently on d0–d2. HP2 sows had more total body lesions throughout gestation than HP1 sows at higher parities (p < 0.0001). Regarding reproductive performance, HP2 sows lost less piglets (p < 0.0001) and tended to wean more piglets (p = 0.067) than HP1 sows. In conclusion, while HP2 sows were the most aggressive, HP1 sows had piglets with lower survivability, which raises ethical issues in both cases and points to the need of considering social aspects when developing genetic lines for group-housing.
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Nguyen, Tuong-Vi, Sherri L. Jones, Guillaume Elgbeili, Patricia Monnier, Chunbo Yu, David P. Laplante, and Suzanne King. "Testosterone–cortisol dissociation in children exposed to prenatal maternal stress, and relationship with aggression: Project Ice Storm." Development and Psychopathology 30, no. 3 (August 2018): 981–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579418000652.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractPrenatal maternal stress (PNMS) has been associated with postnatal behavioral alterations that may be partly explained by interactions between the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) and hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal (HPG) axes. Yet it remains unclear whether PNMS leads to enduring HPA–HPG alterations in the offspring, and whether HPA–HPG interactions can impact behavior during development, in particular levels of aggression in childhood. Here we investigated the relationship between a marker for HPG axis function (baseline testosterone) and a marker for HPA axis response (cortisol area under the curve) in 11½-year-olds whose mothers were exposed to the 1998 Quebec ice storm during pregnancy (n= 59 children; 31 boys, 28 girls). We examined (a) whether the degree of objective or subjective PNMS regulates the testosterone–cortisol relationship at age 11½, and (b) whether this testosterone–cortisol relationship is associated with differences in aggressive behavior. We found that, at lower levels of subjective PNMS, baseline testosterone and cortisol reactivity were positively correlated; in contrast, there was no relationship between these hormones at higher levels of subjective PNMS. Cortisol response moderated the relationship between testosterone and aggression. These results support the notion PNMS may explain variance in fetal HPA–HPG interactions, and that these interactions may be associated with aggressive behavior in late childhood.
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Johnson, Kevin N., Curt S. Koontz, and Richard R. Ricketts. "Role of Hepatic Portocholecystostomy (‘Gallbladder Kasai’) in Treating Infants with Biliary Atresia." American Surgeon 76, no. 8 (August 2010): 883–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000313481007600836.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this study is to compare liver function and cholangitis episodes during the first year postoperatively between patients who undergo hepatic portocholecystostomy (HPC) and patients who undergo hepatic portoenterostomy (HPE). Records of six patients who underwent HPC for biliary atresia (BA) and 27 patients who underwent HPE for BA were reviewed retrospectively Comparison was done of the patient's total bilirubin, albumin, and international normalized ratio values preoperatively and at 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year postoperatively. Comparison was also done of the occurrence of ascending cholangitis during the first year postoperatively and in rates of transplant and mortality during long-term follow-up. Preoperative laboratory values between the two groups were not significantly different. At 6 months, the patients who underwent HPC had significantly lower total bilirubin levels compared with those who underwent HPE (HPC 0.8 ± 0.96, n = 4; HPE 4.93 ± 7.73, n = 21; P < 0.05). No other laboratory values or rates of ascending cholangitis, transplant, or mortality showed a significant difference. Those patients who underwent HPC had significantly lower total bilirubin levels at 6 months postoperatively. This may suggest that HPC may be a superior operative technique for patients who are candidates for the operation.