Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Housing, Single family – Ontario'
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1
Jenkins, Irene D. (Irene Diane), and Mary Helen Schaeffer. "Econometric models of eleven single family housing markets." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/67381.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 1989.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 80-84).
by Irene D. Jenkins and Mary Helen Schaeffer.
M.S.
2
Abdrahman, Shahran. "A Study of Single Family Housing in Libya." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Fakultet tehničkih nauka u Novom Sadu, 2018. https://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=106910&source=NDLTD&language=en.
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The aim of this study is to analyze different types of traditional and contemporary homes in three different geographical areas in Libya – the coastal region (Tripoli), the mountainous region (Gharyan), and the desert region (Ghadames) – in terms of the suitability of cultural, social and climatic conditions, as well as to investigate how to take advantage of the traditional elements of single family housing in contemporary design solutions. The study includes the analyses on the impact of construction, planning guidance for building, construction materials, structure, distribution of internal arrangements and their function, roof, and openings, followed by conducting a field survey of the houses from home and abroad, and finally, taking pictures of houses and interviewing the residents of those homes.Циљ студије је да анализира различите типове традиционалних и савремених кућа у три различита географска подручја у Либији - оне на приморју (Триполи), у планинској области (Гхариан), и у пустињском терену (Гадамес) - у смислу прилагодљивости изграђених структура културним, друштвеним и климатским условвима, као и да се испита како се користе традиционални елементи породичног становања у дизајнерским решењима савремених објеката. Студијом су обухваћени и анализирани различити утицаји који делују на породичне куће почев од планирања, градње, структуре објеката, коиршћење грађевински материјала, унутрашње уређење, отворе, конструкцију и коришћење крова... Спроведено је истраживање на терену кућа из Либије и примера из иностранства, сликани су и исцртани објекти који су укључени у анализу, и разговарало се са корисницима кућа ради јаснијег сагледавања услова које пружају.
Cilj studije je da analizira različite tipove tradicionalnih i savremenih kuća u tri različita geografska područja u Libiji - one na primorju (Tripoli), u planinskoj oblasti (Gharian), i u pustinjskom terenu (Gadames) - u smislu prilagodljivosti izgrađenih struktura kulturnim, društvenim i klimatskim uslovvima, kao i da se ispita kako se koriste tradicionalni elementi porodičnog stanovanja u dizajnerskim rešenjima savremenih objekata. Studijom su obuhvaćeni i analizirani različiti uticaji koji deluju na porodične kuće počev od planiranja, gradnje, strukture objekata, koiršćenje građevinski materijala, unutrašnje uređenje, otvore, konstrukciju i korišćenje krova... Sprovedeno je istraživanje na terenu kuća iz Libije i primera iz inostranstva, slikani su i iscrtani objekti koji su uključeni u analizu, i razgovaralo se sa korisnicima kuća radi jasnijeg sagledavanja uslova koje pružaju.
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Bossman, Alan T. "Poche of Domesticity: The Layers of Single-Family Housing." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1584015446918699.
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Antolin, Mercedes Mompel. "Single room occupancy housing : two cases, Vancouver and Toronto." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/29919.
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This study examines the Single Room Occupancy Housing (SRO) stock of the City of Toronto and of the City of Vancouver. The term SROs refers to residential hotels and rooming houses. Rooming houses located in converted single family dwellings constitute the primary SRO form of Toronto. Residential hotels constitute the primary SRO form in Vancouver. This study examines the historical evolution of the SRO stock, the characteristics of the units, the socioeconomic
characteristics of the residents, and the provincial and municipal policy relating to the SRO stock.
SROs were the first form of accommodation for many immigrants and transient male workers. SRO units in rooming houses also housed couples and families during the first decades of the 1900's in both Toronto and Vancouver. A dire shortage of affordable rental housing forced families to live in overcrowded conditions in single rooms.
SROs today house primarily two three of population. Those who live in single rooms permanently, those who live in single rooms because they cannot afford to rent an apartment, and those who live in single rooms temporarily.
Contrary to what has been commonly assumed, residents of SROs are not transient. SRO residents, although they might move frequently, they do so because they continually face displacement. Evictions are common because of real estate market pressures. Many SRO units are being converted to other residential uses or demolished.
The main group of SRO residents still consists of single older men, however, the percentage of women and of young men has increased among the SRO residents in recent years, especially in the case of the rooming houses of Toronto. The majority of SRO residents live on incomes which are well below of the poverty line (approximately, 50% of the poverty line). These residents pay 50% to 75% of their income on housing.
SRO housing is an important component of the rental housing market of Vancouver and Toronto. SROs constitute the last housing resort before homelessness. However, with the exception of SRO units in social housing projects, SROs existing today in Toronto and Vancouver do not constitute an adequate form of accommodation. In most cases, the physical condition of the units is substandard and the rents are still very high for the average SRO resident. In Vancouver, SRO units are not fully recognized as part of the rental housing stock because they are not protected by provincial
landlord and tenant regulation.
The continued availability of SRO accommodation looks more optimistic in Ontario than it does in British Columbia. The main focuss of the housing policy of Ontario and Toronto towards the SRO stock has been to rehabilitate, to improve and to expand the SRO stock. In addition, Ontario has recently drafted legislation which protects the rental housing stock from demolition and conversion and it has extended security of tenure rights to the residents of rooming houses. On the other hand, the main thrust of the housing policy of the province of British Columbia and of the City of Vancouver towards the SRO stock has been to relocate SRO tenants in social housing unitsApplied Science, Faculty of
Community and Regional Planning (SCARP), School of
Graduate
5
Rios, Aurea A. (Aurea Amoris). "Post-occupancy adaptation of affordable single-family housing in Montreal." Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23203.
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Home builders are supplying mass housing projects which are designed without taking into consideration the specific needs and expectations of residents. As well, house are not produced with enough flexibility to enable homeowners to perform easy adaptations that would express their own choices and accommodate their particular requirements. On the other hand, due to economic constraints, most first-time home buyers usually cannot afford the professional services of architects in order to have a house specifically designed to suit their needs and aspirations.This research explores the different types of modifications that occupants of affordable single-family housing in Montreal make to their residences upon occupancy.
The survey revealed a high level of user intervention--93.6% of the residents made the modifications by themselves. This demonstrates that residents fully engage in housing adaptations when they are given the opportunity to do so, as is the case in the researched houses which offered some type of flexibility in the form of an open and unfinished basement. 108 of the 141 households took advantage of the originally unfinished basement by finishing it and adapting it to their needs and desires.
The author concludes that a house should be adaptable and flexible enough to respond to residents' demands, allowing them to adapt their living spaces according to their personal choices and requirements, as well as to personalise it. As well, the author, convinced that houses do not need to be entirely finished since residents will modify them in any event, suggests certain guidelines and provides recommendations on how affordable single-family houses in Montreal can best be designed to allow for post-occupancy adaptation and user intervention. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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Kühn, Heinrich 1951. "A sub-systems approach to small lot single-family housing." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/75526.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1988.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 140-142).
The trends and preferences explored in this work indicate that the "American Dream" of a single-family detached house is still the preferred housing model. In-order to achieve this goal most home buyers will have to accept a transformed version of this model in the form of small lot housin~. The housing industry on the other hand, must be very creative and innovative to incorporate the housing trends and preferences into designs that are both affordable and still recognizable as the all American single-family detached house. The breakdown of a dwelling into Sub-Systems (Shell/Infill) that is explored in this work introduces a hierarchy of SubSystems that is based on the concept of control and variety. In American society it is the aspect of variety rather than control that is stressed as the dominant factor. In today's technology, and design approach it is often only the furniture that is easily adaptable to user needs. All other Sub-Systems once installed, are difficult to change or to separate. The Shell/Infill Sub-Systems concept as applied in this work makes it possible for the house to be much more adaptable. The implementation of the Sub-Systems concept would allow the developer /builder to provide the variety and diversity the market expects on a customized bases. It would also make it possible to respond to shifts in demographic and housing demands.
by Heinrich Kuhn.
M.S.
7
Morton, Everett L. (Everett Livingston). "Courtyard housing, a solution for high-density, low-rise single-family housing in the U.S." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/68726.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1990.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 39-41).
This thesis examines the potential application of the L-shaped courtyard house in an American context. Privacy for the dwelling and its grounds is a key issue to be addressed. It is shown than a traditional single-family detached house will provide sufficient privacy on lots of one-quarter acre or more. However, an alternate solution must be developed in higher-density applications of one-eighth acre or less. The principal design elements desired in a traditional home are identified and incorporated into an alternate design solution. The courtyard house is proposed as an alternate and it is shown that, contrary to popular belief, such a house form can function in temperate climates without excessive heat loss. The reason for prizing an L-shaped courtyard house over other variations in a high-density application is explained in light of privacy and solar access issues. A detailed discussion of design elements in an L-shaped application include: inter-unit privacy issues, the courtyard size and passive solar heating applications, the dwelling layout and interior zoning, entry location, Circulation, facade treatment, parking, grouping or clustering, and expansion potential. It is demonstrated that the L-shaped design will satisfy American standards within a high-density urban context of eight to twelve units per acre.
by Everett L. Morton.
M.S.
8
Lee, Janet Mai-Lan. "Responding to future housing needs : residential intensification in single-family neighbourhoods." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28676.
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Intensification is the process of creating new housing units within the housing stock. This has become an important issue in recent years as housing costs have risen considerably. Higher densities are theoretically desirable because land and services will be used more efficiently and more housing options can be available to the public. In reality, however, many residents in single-family districts oppose any plans to increase densities in their neighbourhoods.
This thesis explores Greater Vancouver's experience with intensification in a broad context. Intensification is viewed as having occurred in two ways: (1) planned, in which local governments have actively promoted and facilitated residential development; and (2) unplanned, where intensification in single-family areas has occurred naturally in response to certain economic and demographic conditions. By examining these two types, a better understanding of the opportunities for and constraints upon intensification can be obtained.
Planned initiatives that have been undertaken in the past have resulted in new, large-scale housing developments on vacant or underutilized land. However, attempts to plan for the intensification of low-density, developed residential neighbourhoods have been less successful as people are more resistant to perceived change. Two types of unplanned intensification that have become city-wide issues are illegal secondary suites and extremely large, "monster" houses. Despite the efforts by some residents to preserve the state of their neighbourhoods, many single-family areas are showing signs of change. Some general observations may be drawn from Greater Vancouver's experience. There are competing interests within the community, each with a particular set of views. For instance, new homeowners, tenants and developers would be expected to have economically-motivated reasons for encouraging intensification and variation in housing choice. Established homeowners may have sentimental reasons for opposing change. Politicians, who are sensitive to public opinion, are concerned with preserving the status quo without introducing actions that will draw criticism.
The planner, therefore, has the task of reconciling these divergent views. The difficulty is in raising public awareness of the arguments both for and against intensification and the need for additional housing opportunities in the city. Without resident acceptance of the creation of more housing choices in their single-family neighbourhoods, very little political will is generated to take any action. The issue of intensification challenges traditional notions of community, neighbourhood and stability. Public education and a planned approach to dealing with intensification is a slow process while changes created by market forces occur rapidly.
In the future, intensification will likely remain controversial. The neighbourhood approach employed in Vancouver to address some of the issues is a method of involving the community in decisions that will affect their neighbourhoods. Continued public participation should be encouraged as it is through the exchange of information that social learning takes place and preconceived ideas are questioned. Higher densities, perhaps, will have to be marketed to neighbourhoods with a substantial commitment by planners to minimize negative impacts and encourage small-scale, incremental change. Planners should, therefore, be familiar with the various aspects of intensification, its past experiences and the groups involved, to arrive at their own personal position on intensification and to make informed, appropriate decisions.Applied Science, Faculty of
Community and Regional Planning (SCARP), School of
Graduate
9
Hughes, James D. (James Desmond). "What drives condo prices : the rental or single family housing market?" Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/84175.
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Thesis (S.M. in Real Estate Development)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Program in Real Estate Development in Conjunction with the Center for Real Estate, 2013.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 44-45).
This paper seeks to answer a question that real estate developers have wrestled with for years: apartment or condo? Given that the two types of residential units typically occupy similar buildings and structures, the goal of this research is to determine if condo prices follow rents. If a correlation is found it could have significant impact on the development of residential housing. To answer these questions historical housing prices from 1996 to 2012 for 44 of the largest metropolitan statistical areas in the U.S. will be studied. Linear regression analysis will be utilized at the metro level to understand how condo prices are influenced by apartment rents, single family home prices, the housing price index (HPI) and the yield on the 10-year U.S. treasury. The results of the analysis tell us that condo prices have followed and acted very much like single family home prices during the last 16 years. The easy credit and cheap lending that was available during the housing boom separated the single family and condo markets from the rental market by turning renters into owners. During this time rental prices remained relatively flat whereas condo and single family prices moved together and were correspondingly hit harder as a result of the financial crisis. The main implication of these findings is that it appears the type of tenure associated with a housing product has a measurable effect on the price. The physical similarity between condominium units and apartment units in large metropolitan markets does not necessarily signal a relationship in price and thus, apartment rents typically do not represent the present discounted value of condo prices.
by James D. Hughes.
S.M.in Real Estate Development
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Mathur, Shishir. "Effect of impact fees on housing prices : analysis of quality differentiated single family housing market of King County and Snohomish County, Washington /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10799.
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Velibeyoğlu, Hasibe Özdemir Semahat. "Development trends of single family housing estates in İzmir metropolitan fringe area/." [s.l.]: [s.n.], 2004. http://library.iyte.edu.tr/tezler/master/sehirplanlama/T000478.pdf.
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Myers, Lee A. "Novel build-to-rent strategies for single family homebuilders." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/51873.
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Following the recession of 2007-2009, conditions in the housing and finance
industries favored an increase in renter occupied homes relative to owner occupied
homes. With rental properties comprising an increasing share of the housing supply, the
home building industry should consider housing products that meet the needs of renters. This thesis proposes a build-to-rent product for single family home builders, to be offered as a complement to the traditional built-for-sale product. The purpose of the research is to
demonstrate that a build-to-rent product is financially feasible under ordinary market
conditions. In order to determine the viability of a build-to-rent product under likely market conditions, a financial model has been developed for a single family build-to rent product. The research involves reviewing the literature related to similar investment product types in order to develop a business model for the proposed build-to-rent product. The proposed model utilizes financial parameters currently in the industry, respectively, in the analysis of homebuilding projects and rental property investments. Using the analytical methods used for analogous investment classes, the author calculates a projected market range of input variables for the model. Sensitivity analysis of the model was then used to test the financial feasibility of a build-to-rent product. The analysis showed that the proposed product would be feasible under ordinary market conditions. Additional recommendations for future research has been explored based on the findings of this study.
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Sipic, Toni. "Selling prices, time on the market and price concessions of single-family houses in the Reno-Sparks area." abstract and full text PDF (free order & download UNR users only), 2006. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1436024.
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Goff, Jason. "Sustainability and Affordability: How Single-Family Home Retrofits Can Achieve Both." The University of Arizona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/584147.
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Sustainable Built Environments Senior Capstone ProjectClimate change and resource availability are arguably the two biggest challenges humanity faces going forward. An unprecedented body of scientific work has been compiled over the past thirty years that indicates humans have and continue to be the largest driver of these environmental concerns, and therefore must also be responsible for any solutions. Buildings and their construction account for nearly 40% of the total energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions in the United States. Water consumption by both buildings and thermoelectric power generation is also an issue, especially in the Southwest and Western United States. Green building has been gaining steam in the U.S. for the past two decades, but the primary focus has been in the commercial and industrial sectors. The residential markets have not seen the efficiency gains, primarily due to the perception that the cost isn’t worth the benefit. This project examines the need, feasibility, and potential benefits of sustainably retrofitting existing homes as an alternative to new construction. It provides a broad definition of sustainability and then focuses into a more narrow description of its application within the built environment. Using precedents, 3D modeling, and energy simulation software it compares the energy and water savings of a retrofit versus a base case as well as the performance of the average Southern Arizona home. Finally, this capstone project provides a professional cost estimate for the implementation of the proposed changes and a side-by-side look at the available “green” housing market, the utility cost savings for the homeowner, and the environmental benefits of individual as well as large-scale adoption of sustainable retrofitting practices.
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Zhang, Yang. "Modeling single family housing recovery after Hurricane Andrew in Miami-Dade County, FL." [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1872.
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Borate, Aishwarya Bharat. "Analysis of Post-Sandy Single-Family Housing Market in Staten Island, New York." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/85836.
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Recent hurricanes have made it clear that housing is the single greatest component of all losses in terms of economic value and buildings damaged. Housing damage resulting from floods has increased in the United States, despite local, state and federal encouragement to mitigate flood hazards and regulate development in flood-prone areas (Atreya, 2013). The two primary causes of these increased costs are: (1) a rise in the occurrence and strength of the extreme weather events, and (2) increased development and value of property in physically vulnerable areas. The overlap of the above two factors resulted in tremendous losses of property in Staten Island and other coastal communities along the Atlantic Coast. Hurricane Sandy was a reminder of how vulnerable such areas could be.
After hurricane Sandy, damaged properties experienced higher than usual housing sales and changed property values. This research, seeks to improve the current state of knowledge about housing market following a major disaster through examining single-family housing sales and prices in Staten Island, New York. The housing price recovery rate was much slower for the properties that sustained damage, and the impacts lasted for at least four years after the storm. Researchers studying housing recovery have utilized a variety of indicators like financial characteristics, government policies, social parameters, damage, housing characteristics, etc. to capture the dimensions of recovery. In Sandy's case damage was the major influencing parameter, and it completely changed the housing dynamics of the affected coastal regions.
Housing market, in terms of damage, restoration, and recovery, is a fundamental indicator of disaster resilience. Every community is different and so are the effects of disasters on residential markets. This study clearly highlights this point and underscores the importance of using contextual methods and data sets in conducting the research.Master of Urban and Regional Planning
Recent hurricanes have made it clear that housing is the single greatest component of all losses in terms of economic value and buildings damaged. Housing damage resulting from floods has increased in the United States, despite local, state and federal encouragement to mitigate flood hazards and regulate development in flood-prone areas (Atreya, 2013). The two primary causes of these increased costs are: (1) a rise in the occurrence and strength of the extreme weather events, and (2) increased development and value of property in physically vulnerable areas. The overlap of the above two factors resulted in tremendous losses of property in Staten Island and other coastal communities along the Atlantic Coast. Hurricane Sandy was a reminder of how vulnerable such areas could be. After hurricane Sandy, damaged properties experienced higher than usual housing sales and changed property values. This research, seeks to improve the current state of knowledge about housing market following a major disaster through examining single-family housing sales and prices in Staten Island, New York. The housing price recovery rate was much slower for the properties that sustained damage, and the impacts lasted for at least four years after the storm. Researchers studying housing recovery have utilized a variety of indicators like financial characteristics, government policies, social parameters, damage, housing characteristics, etc. to capture the dimensions of recovery. In Sandy’s case damage was the major influencing parameter, and it completely changed the housing dynamics of the affected coastal regions. Housing market, in terms of damage, restoration, and recovery, is a fundamental indicator of disaster resilience. Every community is different and so are the effects of disasters on residential markets. This study clearly highlights this point and underscores the importance of using contextual methods and datasets in conducting the research.
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Borate, Aishwarya. "Analysis of Post-Sandy Single-Family Housing Market in Staten Island, New York." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/85836.
Full textAbstract:
Recent hurricanes have made it clear that housing is the single greatest component of all losses in terms of economic value and buildings damaged. Housing damage resulting from floods has increased in the United States, despite local, state and federal encouragement to mitigate flood hazards and regulate development in flood-prone areas (Atreya, 2013). The two primary causes of these increased costs are: (1) a rise in the occurrence and strength of the extreme weather events, and (2) increased development and value of property in physically vulnerable areas. The overlap of the above two factors resulted in tremendous losses of property in Staten Island and other coastal communities along the Atlantic Coast. Hurricane Sandy was a reminder of how vulnerable such areas could be.
After hurricane Sandy, damaged properties experienced higher than usual housing sales and changed property values. This research, seeks to improve the current state of knowledge about housing market following a major disaster through examining single-family housing sales and prices in Staten Island, New York. The housing price recovery rate was much slower for the properties that sustained damage, and the impacts lasted for at least four years after the storm. Researchers studying housing recovery have utilized a variety of indicators like financial characteristics, government policies, social parameters, damage, housing characteristics, etc. to capture the dimensions of recovery. In Sandy's case damage was the major influencing parameter, and it completely changed the housing dynamics of the affected coastal regions.
Housing market, in terms of damage, restoration, and recovery, is a fundamental indicator of disaster resilience. Every community is different and so are the effects of disasters on residential markets. This study clearly highlights this point and underscores the importance of using contextual methods and data sets in conducting the research.Master of Urban and Regional Planning
Recent hurricanes have made it clear that housing is the single greatest component of all losses in terms of economic value and buildings damaged. Housing damage resulting from floods has increased in the United States, despite local, state and federal encouragement to mitigate flood hazards and regulate development in flood-prone areas (Atreya, 2013). The two primary causes of these increased costs are: (1) a rise in the occurrence and strength of the extreme weather events, and (2) increased development and value of property in physically vulnerable areas. The overlap of the above two factors resulted in tremendous losses of property in Staten Island and other coastal communities along the Atlantic Coast. Hurricane Sandy was a reminder of how vulnerable such areas could be. After hurricane Sandy, damaged properties experienced higher than usual housing sales and changed property values. This research, seeks to improve the current state of knowledge about housing market following a major disaster through examining single-family housing sales and prices in Staten Island, New York. The housing price recovery rate was much slower for the properties that sustained damage, and the impacts lasted for at least four years after the storm. Researchers studying housing recovery have utilized a variety of indicators like financial characteristics, government policies, social parameters, damage, housing characteristics, etc. to capture the dimensions of recovery. In Sandy’s case damage was the major influencing parameter, and it completely changed the housing dynamics of the affected coastal regions. Housing market, in terms of damage, restoration, and recovery, is a fundamental indicator of disaster resilience. Every community is different and so are the effects of disasters on residential markets. This study clearly highlights this point and underscores the importance of using contextual methods and datasets in conducting the research.
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Wong, Ho-yin Ada. "Home for non-conventional households." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25952900.
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Collens, Jarod. "An analysis of economic drivers in the greater Truckee Meadows area and their affect on single family home valuation." abstract and full text PDF (free order & download UNR users only), 2007. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1442854.
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Abood, Meredith. "Securitizing suburbia : the financialization of single-family rental housing and the need to redefine "risk"." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/111349.
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Thesis: M.C.P., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Urban Studies and Planning, 2017.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis. Page 105 blank.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 83-88).
Since the foreclosure crisis, a handful of private-equity backed real estate companies have purchased over 200,000 single-family rental homes throughout the nation. Originally, these companies planned to hold the properties until the real estate market improved and then sell the homes to individual buyers. However, they soon realized that they could generate higher returns for investors by operating the units as rentals, issuing debt securities backed by the rental incomes, and selling equity securities (stocks) in the global exchanges. As a result, the previously "mom and pop" industry of single-family rental housing is now, for the first time, financialized within the global market and institutionalized by an emerging oligopoly of large-scale rental companies. This research examines the rise of single-family rental housing as an asset class, with a particular focus on the construction, mitigation, and management of "risk." By analyzing investor disclosure documents, interviews with industry actors, quarterly earnings calls, and market reports, I show how the financial industry constructed a dominant discourse of financial risk focused on maximizing rental yields and home price appreciation, minimizing maintenance costs, and reducing political opposition. I argue that the ability of the financial industry to "self-regulate" access to capital through internally negotiated legal structures, disclosure requirements, and agreed upon norms of "trust", shifted the burden of risk from investors onto tenants, prospective homebuyers, and local communities. To contest the financial industry's dominant risk discourse, I use quantitative, qualitative, and geospatial analyses to propose alternative risk assessment tools and strategies that redefine whose risks should be mitigated and who should do the mitigating. Using Los Angeles County as a case study, I found that middle-income neighborhoods with higher percentages of African-American residents and lower home values are disproportionately impacted by the increasing institutionalization and financialization of single-family rental housing. Additionally, tenants renting from the largest single-family rental companies face aggressive rent increases and greater maintenance responsibilities. Reframing "risk" not only better protects tenants and prospective homebuyers, it also interrogates the intersection of financial regulation and community development, recognizes the contradictions of planning communities without attempting to plan economies, and helps advance a more proactive vision of economic justice and economic democracy.
by Meredith Abood.
M.C.P.
21
Coughlan, David Morgan. "Redefining the Suburban Ideal: An Analysis of Single-family Residential Densities in Washington County, Oregon." PDXScholar, 1995. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4887.
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The United States' suburban landscape has historically been characterized by low-density residential development. This pattern was shaped by the abundance of developable land in nineteenth century America, and by the emergence of a suburban ideal which romanticized the concept of a spacious home set in a private, garden setting. For many homebuyers, the realization of the suburban ideal was made possible by continual improvements in intraurban transportation. The commuter rail, the electric streetcar, and ultimately the automobile increased the commuting range of inner-city workers, and contributed to the continual expansion of development on the periphery of cities. In recent years, economic and population pressures have contributed to accelerated housing costs in many metropolitan areas, necessitating a redefining of the traditional suburban ideal. Rising land costs have prompted developers to build single-family homes at increasingly higher densities. Developers now face the challenge of designing and implementing development strategies which maximize land use efficiency, and yet still retain some of the "garden setting" ambiance of the traditional suburban ideal. This study traces the historical evolution of residential densities in Washington County, through review of 2235 Washington County plat maps dating from 1870 to 1992. The data reveals a slow growth, low-density development prior to World War II, and a high-growth and increasingly higher-density pattern of development in the post-World War II period. Since 1980, high-density suburban developments have become an increasingly common feature of the Washington County landscape. Examination of the spatial distribution of these subdivisions suggests a strong correlation between high-density development and land scarcity. Comparison of the different types of high-density subdivisions found in Washington County reveals how common-space developments allow for more effective integration with the natural environment. The future of subdivision development in Washington County, hinges upon the results of Metro's Region 2040 study. The Region 2040 study will ultimately recommend the extent that the urban growth boundary should be expanded, and thus will directly affect the availability of developable land The amount, type, ownership, and zoning of these "urban reserves" will be important considerations for future subdivision development in Washington County.
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Ritchie, John Paul. "Identifying the level of flexibility a single-family home may require in order to meet changing needs during the family life cycle with special reference to seniors." Thesis, McGill University, 1991. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=22454.
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Flexibility in housing has been studied and implemented both in Europe and North America. However, there is a need for more research on which spaces in the home and which elements in those spaces require flexibility to accommodate all phases of the family life cycle. The particular spaces in a single-family home requiring this flexibility were determined in five case studies covering a minimum span of 15 years of the family life cycle. The spaces that underwent changes most frequently were dens, studies and recreation rooms. Bedrooms changed frequently only when there were crowded conditions or when residents were unhappy with the status quo. Through a review of the physical limitations of the elderly, it was determined that a sensitive application of accessibility standards in all homes would extend the usefulness of the homes as the occupants enter the final stage of the life cycle.
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Sucahyono, Hadi. "Neighborhood impacts on suburban housing values." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1150383842.
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Baker, Karl Phillip. "Incremental densification auctions : A politically viable method of producing infill housing in existing single-family neighborhoods." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/42418.
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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2008.Includes bibliographical references (p. 147-155).
This paper examines the problem of convincing homeowners to accept new housing density in their neighborhoods. This paper proposes that densification that places additional housing units in preexisting single-family neighborhoods is socially desirable as a way of slowing sprawl, utilizing existing infrastructure, providing affordable housing, promoting consumer choice and slowing suburban decline. The paucity of such development currently occurring is argued to result primarily from restrictive land use regulation as there are strong indications that densification would otherwise be economically viable in many locations. This paper approaches the question of removing regulatory barriers from the perspective of devising a process that would effectively reduce homeowner apprehension about the effects of densification. Devising a system that explicitly regulates the pace of change and captures increases in land value attributable to densification is found to be essential to overcoming homeowner concerns about densification. Traditional land use tools are deemed inadequate to achieve these goals and thus it is proposed that local governments allocate densification rights through public auctions where the rights to densify are separate and distinct from any traditional real property ownership interest. This proposal for densification auctions is evaluated according to various legal restrictions courts and legislatures have imposed on the methods local governments may use to regulate land use. The proposed densification auction is found to potentially violate many of these legal rules. It is argued, however, that the underlying rationales supporting these legal restrictions cease to reason and therefore that they should be relaxed in the specific context of incremental densification.
by Karl Phillip Baker.
M.C.P.
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Garriss, Timothy Paul. "Bridge-house : a new residential building typology for affordable work-centered housing." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/23173.
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Howell, Kenneth Roland. "Housing affordability : impacts of zoning and subdivision regulations." Thesis, Kansas State University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/14010.
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Bonnette, Matthew Ryan Lee. "The Effects of Scale Variation on Single-Family Residential Water Use in Portland, OR." PDXScholar, 2017. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3505.
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With growing urban populations and increasing concerns over the effects of climate change on water supplies, there has recently been a significant amount of interdisciplinary research focused on identifying the drivers of urban water use. Due to unavailability of individual or household level data, these studies are often limited to using spatially aggregated data. There is concern that this aggregation of data may be leading to misrepresentations of the drivers of urban water use, yet there have been few studies that have addressed this concern. As in all spatial quantitative analyses, studies in this area should consider how the spatial scales chosen for analysis are affecting the results. The purpose of this research is to use a case study of single-family residential (SFR) water use in Portland, Oregon to determine the extent to which scale variation significantly affects the patterns of SFR water use, and whether household scale water use is influenced by neighborhood and census tract characteristics. The results of this analysis provide evidence that aggregating household scale water use data can mask meaningful patterns in SFR water use and potentially provide misleading information on what is influencing water use habits. This research also shows that using the chosen exploratory variables, there is a statistically significant, but not substantial, cross-scale influence on household scale water use by neighborhood and census tract characteristics.
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Komiyama, Noriko 1976. "Changes in single family housing prices due to the planning and construction of Interstate 476 in Pennsylvania." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/17698.
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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2004.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 64-66).
It has been suggested in various studies that increasing accessibility to a transportation network would influence local property values and their pattern of change over time. This thesis examines the capitalization into single-family housing prices of the construction investment for Interstate 476 (I-476), which had faced public opposition for more than two decades. While the majority of previous capitalization studies have been limited to the areas adjacent to transportation facilities, this thesis analyzes the effect over time of increased accessibility on a larger part of the Philadelphia Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA). Repeat sale single-family home price indices for zip codes covering the five counties in the greater Philadelphia area for 18 years are used. I find that the area within 7,500m of 1-476 had higher annual appreciation rates than the entire Philadelphia MSA by 0.3% - 2.6% between 1989 and 1994. The higher appreciation began after all the necessary construction approvals were obtained in 1987 and lasted two years after the opening of the last section of the highway.
by Noriko Komiyama.
M.C.P.
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Obiso, Melissa Lynn. "Analysis of Means and Methods of Construction Improvement in Single Family Housing in Mid-Atlantic Rural University Towns." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36513.
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The goal of this study was to determine if innovative building methods and materials have the potential to lead to better productivity. Furthermore, this study endeavored to establish the premise that builders who use pre-fabrication, pre-assembly, and modular materials and building methods will perform more productively than those builders who don't. These ideas were pursued by first reviewing the history of home building in the United States to determine trends and patterns in innovation. The experimental phase of the study was accomplished by interviewing local and regional builders about their actual methods of construction used for residential construction. These methods were then analyzed to determine the contribution of these methods to the builder's productivity. Not surprisingly, builders choose one specific type of construction to build a majority of their projects. They use these methods because they are comfortable with them and confident in them; they know they work, and they believe that they are an efficient means of producing a house. It was determined that residential builders in these rural university towns tend to use traditional wood framing construction methods above all of the other available methods. However, there are builders who do use less-conventional methods including: wall panels, pole construction, and modular unit construction. The actual building methods used by builders are somewhat determined by several factors, including: project type, company size and structure, and area of the country. Furthermore, the builders who choose to use non-traditional construction methods with regularity tend to have higher rates of productivity as well as the ability to take on more projects. Higher rates of productivity and the ability to take on more projects have the potential to give builders a competitive advantage over their competition.Master of Science
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Lu, Jing-Chein. "A comparative study of single family and multifamily housing recovery following 1992 Hurricane Andrew in Miami-Dade County, Florida." [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-3078.
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Semaan, Marie. "A Novel Approach to Communal Rainwater Harvesting for Single-Family Housing: A Study of Tank Size, Reliability, and Costs." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/97580.
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An emerging field in rainwater harvesting (RWH) is the application of communal rainwater harvesting system. This system's main advantage compared to individual RWH is the centralization of water treatment, which some users of individual RWH find difficult to maintain. Despite alleviating one concern, this communal approach does not increase the RHW system's (RWHS) reliability nor necessarily satisfy all water demands, and hence is not a major improvement in terms of system performance.
This research tackles this challenge with a novel approach to communal RWH for single-family houses. Instead of the traditional communal approach to RWH which uses only one storage location, we propose connecting multiple single-family homes' RWHSs to a communal backup tank, i.e., capturing overflow from multiple RWHS, which will increase reliability and water demand met in a way that will significantly improve the current performance of communal RWH. The proposed system will potentially maximize the availability of potable water while limiting spillage and overflow.
We simulated the performance of the system in two cities, Houston and Jacksonville, for multiple private and communal storage combination. Results show that volumetric reliability gains, of 1.5% - 6% and 1.5% - 4%, can be achieved for seven to ten and six to seven connected households, respectively, for Houston and Jacksonville if the emphasis is on volumetric reliability (VR). As per total storage capacity, the system achieves higher VR gains for lower total storage capacity in Houston while the system achieves higher VR gains for higher total storage capacities in Jacksonville.
With regards to the total cost of ownership per household for the individual system and for the communal storage system, the lifecycle cost of the system was performed using the Net Present Value (NPV) method, with an interest rate of 7% over 30 years. The NPV of the total system costs per household in the city of Houston is lowest for nine to ten connected households, as well as comparable to the base case of a rainwater harvesting system that is not connected to a communal tank for seven and eight connected households.
This communal system is more resilient and can be a worthy addition to water and stormwater infrastructures, especially in the face of climate change.Doctor of Philosophy
An emerging field in rainwater harvesting (RWH) is the application of communal rainwater harvesting system. This system's main advantage compared to individual RWH is the centralization of water treatment, which some users of individual RWH find difficult to maintain. Despite alleviating one concern, this communal approach does not increase the RHW system's (RWHS) reliability nor necessarily satisfy all water demands, and hence is not a major improvement in terms of system performance. This research tackles this challenge with a novel approach to communal RWH for single-family houses. Instead of the traditional communal approach to RWH which uses only one storage location, we propose connecting multiple single-family homes' RWHSs to a communal backup tank, i.e., capturing overflow from multiple RWHS, which will increase reliability and water demand met in a way that will significantly improve the current performance of communal RWH. The proposed system will potentially maximize the availability of potable water while limiting spillage and overflow. We simulated the performance of the system in two cities, Houston and Jacksonville, for multiple private and communal storage combination. Results show that volumetric reliability gains, of 1.5% - 6% and 1.5% - 4%, can be achieved for seven to ten and six to seven connected households, respectively, for Houston and Jacksonville if the emphasis is on volumetric reliability (VR). As per total storage capacity, the system achieves higher VR gains for lower total storage capacity in Houston while the system achieves higher VR gains for higher total storage capacities in Jacksonville. With regards to the total cost of ownership per household for the individual system and for the communal storage system, the lifecycle cost of the system was performed using the Net Present Value (NPV) method, with an interest rate of 7% over 30 years. The NPV of the total system costs per household in the city of Houston is lowest for nine to ten connected households, as well as comparable to the base case of a rainwater harvesting system that is not connected to a communal tank for seven and eight connected households. This communal system is more resilient and can be a worthy addition to water and stormwater infrastructures, especially in the face of climate change.
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Zigenfus, Richard E. "Element analysis of the green building process /." Online version of thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/8040.
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Sakrison, Rodney G. "Summer water use in compact communities : the effect of small lots and growth management plans on single-family water use in King County, Washington /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10797.
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Schwerger, Jonas, and Kaja Eglon. "Swedish Housing Prices : An empirical study of the price between the year of 2000 and 2018 of single-family homes." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för nationalekonomi och statistik (NS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-96224.
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Paulsson, Ludvig. "Solcellspaneler som ett standardiserat tillvalsalternativ vid nybyggnation av småhus (Solar panels as a standardized option when constructing single-family housing)." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för teknik och samhälle (TS), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-20342.
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This thesis examines the interest for solar panels as a standardised catalogue option for new houses. A survey done by SIFO from August 2013 shows that there is a large interest for solar panels amongst house owners in Sweden. In California construction companies have started offering solar panels to their house buyers as a standardised option. This study examines if a similar model may be applied here in Sweden.The thesis starts with a literature study on solar panels regarding technique, development, utilization and history. Then the laws, regulations and grants and such regarding solar panels will be clarified. With this as groundwork the interest among the queue for lots in Lunds municipality through a web based survey will be examined. Thereafter the interest amongst construction companies will also be examined through a web based survey. The gathered data is presented with diagrams and charts. Finally the collected data will be summarized and analyzed and the future of solar panels in Sweden, especially solar panels as a standardised option for new houses, discussed.The study has shown that there is a big interest among potential house buyers and also among the construction companies for solar panels and also for solar panels as a standardized option. The probabilities and assumptions that energy prices will rise, system prices for solar panels will continue to go down and environmental interest and care will grow lead to the conclusion that it is only a matter of time until solar panels become a standardized option for new houses on the Swedish market. Also that the technical solutions which allows solar cells to be integrated into construction materials would be very fitting as a standardized option.
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Wiedemann, Stefan J. "Modular prefabrication versus conventional construction as a cost effective alternative for the construction of single family detached housing in the Montreal area." Thesis, McGill University, 1990. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=59854.
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The affordability crisis in the North American housing market has prompted the construction industry to reexamine technologies designed to lower cost through the factory mass production process. This thesis concentrates on modular prefabricated housing in the Province of Quebec in order to determine if this housing option can supply a less expensive alternative to comparable conventionally built housing. As issues of construction cost are allied with the quality of construction, a comparison between the conventional and the manufactured building industries, at this level, is also essential. Surveys evaluating sales cost and quality of construction have been developed for the modular prefabricated and conventional single family detached housing industry for the Province of Quebec. Fifteen prefabricated home builders and six conventional home builders were surveyed in order to facilitate the comparison between the two industries. It was found, based on the builders surveyed, that the average level of construction quality was consistent in both industries. The prefabricated residential home builders, however, proved on average to be approximately ten percent more expensive than the conventional home builders surveyed. Reasons for these cost discrepancies have been found to be related to the high start-up costs inherent in the manufactured housing industry, the overall cyclical market demand for housing, as well as price protection for distributors of manufactured housing.
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Albert, Steven P. "Supportive Community Housing: Addressing the Emergence of Non-Traditional Households." Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2005. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=ucin1112140212.
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Thesis (Master of Architecture)--University of Cincinnati, 2005.Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on April 26, 2007). Keywords: supportive community housing; housing for non-traditional families; non-traditional households; multi-family housing; housing design; housing Includes bibliographical references.
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Tucker, Lisa Marie Schwarz Benyamin. "Architects and the design of ordinary single-family houses in the United States the American Institute of Architects and the Architects' Small House Service Bureau /." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri--Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/6626.
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Title from PDF of title page (University of Missouri--Columbia, viewed on Feb 25, 2010). The entire thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file; a non-technical public abstract appears in the public.pdf file. Dissertation advisor: Dr. Benyamin Schwarz. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Sandström, Greger. "Smart Homes and User Values : Long-term evaluation of IT-services in Residential and Single Family Dwellings." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Arkitektur, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-11782.
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Do residents find value in smart home functions? How should these functions be designed to offer user benefit? These were the governing questions of this study that involved nearly 200 families in three different housing projects during five years of occupancy. The housing units were equipped with advanced smart homes solutions, electronic and digital devices to control them, and a set of functions to increase comfort, safety and security in the homes. The evaluations of the residents' use and benefits were accomplished in two different phases, i) evaluation of the user expectations' before and direct after occupancy and ii) long-term experiences after 3-5 years. A third phase of the study represents a radical shift in view. Issues related to innovation and organisation of service delivery were brought into the fore. The research is founded on the multiple case-based methodology. Literature studies were effected. Data acquisition was based on interviews and questionnaires. Theoretical models from different research areas were used in order to analyse observations and to arrive to grounded conclusions. Important conclusions include the fact that smart home functionalities must be developed as close as possible out of the users' genuine needs as experienced in their daily lives. Failure to attain accessibility to a certain function will cause disappointment and will be forsaken. To gain and over time preserve the user's trust in smart home functions or in a system as a whole is conclusive for the their use. Another conclusion is that a viable business model for smart homes must include the occupancy phase. Surveillance and maintenance of smart home systems must be secured over time. It is argued that the failure of establishing a viable long-term service to homes to the benefit to the user depends highly on the market’s ability to supply the homes with appropriate services over time. Possible ways to mediate revealed shortcomings are outlined and what role and responsibility the housing construction industry has to consider with the further development of smart homes.QC 20100809
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Howes, Rosanne. "The temple within : house as symbol of God, self, and body." Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=22543.
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This thesis examines the house as symbol of God, self, and body. This is a way to explore the expression of individuality both incorporated in, and invoked by the middle-class single family home, particularly for women. The theme, "the temple within," is intended to create a conceptual framework for the identification of activities which give the elements of the house meaning for the occupants. The elements of house, garden, hearth, entrance, windows, attic/stair/cellar, and walls and spaces, are identified through the analysis of primary sources. These are the Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation Competition Series stock plans from 1947 to 1963, as well as two suburban homes from the Carlington neighbourhood in Ottawa, Ontario. The thesis concludes with a discussion of the appropriateness of these symbols of home as a vehicle for women's identity of self.
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Cote, Katherine Nicole Arnold. "Regional real property valuation forecast accuracy." To access this resource online via ProQuest Dissertations and Theses @ UTEP, 2008. http://0-proquest.umi.com.lib.utep.edu/login?COPT=REJTPTU0YmImSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=2515.
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Hanna, David B. 1951. "Montreal, a city built by small builders, 1867-1880." Thesis, McGill University, 1986. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=72767.
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Elmersson, Åsa, and Joel Grafström. "Småhusbyggande i marknadssvaga Götalandskommuner : En studie i hur mycket det byggs och hur det finansieras." Thesis, Högskolan Väst, Avdelningen för data-, elektro- och lantmäteriteknik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-11140.
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Sverige räknas till blandekonomierna. Blandekonomin har sin utgångspunkt i marknadsekonomin men staten reglerar marknaden till viss del. Detta gäller också för bostadsmarknaden. Så utgångspunkten är således att marknaden ska styra priset på småhus genom tillgång och efterfrågan. Det är ena sidan. Den andra sidan är regleringarna. När det kommer till bostäder är det till exempel bolånetaket och amorteringskravet. Bolånetaket utgår från bedömt marknadsvärde. Är det ett begagnat hus räknas som regel försäljningspriset som marknadsvärde medan det i de fall det är ett helt nytt hus görs en förhandsvärdering inför byggnationen. Maximalt kan 85 procent av marknadsvärdet belånas, med fastigheten som säkerhet, för att finansiera ett husköp eller en nybyggnation. På attraktiva marknader är detta sällan något problem eftersom marknadsvärdet på nybyggnationerna oftast är högre än kostnaderna för att bygga huset. Men hur är det då i områden där det inte är så, utan där produktionskostnaderna istället ofta är högre än det förväntade marknadsvärdet? Rent teoretiskt borde det inte kunna byggas småhus i dessa områden med annat än att de som bygger satsar eget kapital och/eller lägger ner mycket eget arbete. Är det så verkligheten ser ut eller lånar bankerna trots allt ut pengar? Och byggs det några småhus överhuvudtaget i dessa områden? Med breda penseldrag har detta undersökts. Urvalet för studien är de femton kommuner i Götaland med lägst Tobins q-värde, det vill säga hade sämst relation i kvoten marknadspris på en befintlig bostad genom den totala produktionskostnaden för en likartad bostad ur Boverkets lista för år 2012. I studien har bygglovsstatistiken i undersökningskommunerna och jämförelsekommunerna studerats. Rapporten visar att det relativt sett byggs färre småhus i de undersökta kommunerna. I de femton undersökta kommunerna med svaga bostadsmarknader är medianvärdet 0,20 beviljade bygglov per tusen invånare. Motsvarande siffra för de tio mest folkrikaste kommunerna i Götaland är 0,69, nästan 3,5 gånger mer under samma år. Studien har också undersökt den teoretiska lönsamheten på de platser där bygglov utfärdats i de studerade kommunerna. En teoretisk produktionskostnad har antagits och en modell skapats för att kunna massvärdera samtliga bygglov med hjälp av taxeringsvärden. Resultatet med den här modellen ger att i 87 procent av fallen går det inte med säkerhet att säga att nybyggnationen är ekonomiskt lönsam vid färdigställandet. Slutligen har studien även undersökt hur nybyggnationerna finansieras genom att inteckningsbeloppen för varje nybyggt småhus har granskats. Av de nybyggnationer där interimistiskt slutbesked eller slutbesked har erhållits visar det sig att 20 procent av nybyggnationerna inte har några inteckningar alls och således har finansierats på annat sätt än genom lån med huset som säkerhet. Bedöms istället, utifrån datamaterialet, den teoretiska produktionskostnaden i förhållande till ett uppskattat marknadsvärde är knappt 50 procent av dessa nybyggnationer helt bankfinansierade. Således är cirka 30 procent av nybyggnationerna sannolikt delvis bankfinansierade. Även tecken på övervärdering av nya bostäder har uppmärksammats.
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Wong, Ho-yin Ada, and 王可忻. "Home for non-conventional households." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31984861.
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Carvalho, Paula Pereira. "DESEMPENHO TÉRMICO DE HABITAÇÕES UNIFAMILIARES DE INTERESSE SOCIAL COM PAREDES DE CONCRETO ARMADO NA ZONA BIOCLIMÁTICA 2 BRASILEIRA." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2012. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/7814.
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This research aims to evaluate the thermal performance of housing built with the technology of reinforced concrete walls executed on site, for use in Brazilian Bioclimatic Zone 2. The study was conducted through in situ measurements of air temperature inside the four main types of single family housing of social interest of Zilda Arns allotment, in the town of Santa Maria-RS. Measurements were made in winter and summer, with the housing closed and also with the housing closed with sealing in places susceptible to air infiltration. The evaluations were made from the relationship between changes in internal temperatures and outdoor temperatures, and considering the influences of solar orientation and air infiltration, and internal thermal comfort through a comparative analysis of temperatures with ASHRAE (2004) limits. It was observed that the solar orientation has influence during winter and summer, however the air infiltration has little influence on thermal performance of housings. It was also observed that the building system provides good thermal performance for the summer period, but is not suitable to Bioclimatic Zone 2 during winter. As for thermal comfort, the housings presented cold discomfort for the whole period of winter and presented comfort in most of the analyzed summer period.O presente trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar o desempenho térmico e o conforto térmico de habitações construídas com a tecnologia de paredes de concreto armado executadas no local, para uso na Zona Bioclimática 2 brasileira. O estudo foi realizado através de medições in loco da temperatura do ar no interior de quatro unidades com orientações solares predominantes de habitações unifamiliares de interesse social do loteamento Zilda Arns, na cidade de Santa Maria-RS. Foram feitas medições no inverno e no verão, com a casa fechada e também com a casa fechada com vedação nos locais passíveis de infiltração de ar. As avaliações foram .efetuadas a partir da relação entre as variações das temperaturas internas e das temperaturas externas, considerando ainda as influências da orientação solar e da infiltração de ar, e as condições de conforto térmico internas através de uma análise comparativa de temperaturas com valores limites da ASHRAE (2004). Foi observado que a orientação solar exerce influência nos períodos de inverno e verão, porém verificou-se que a infiltração de ar pouco influencia sobre o desempenho térmico das unidades. Observou-se ainda que o sistema construtivo apresenta bom desempenho térmico para o período de verão, porém não é adequado à Zona Bioclimática 2 no período de inverno. Quanto ao conforto térmico, as habitações apresentaram desconforto por frio em todo o período analisado de inverno e conforto na maior parte do período de verão.
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Xu, Ti 1973. "The rebirth of the shophouse in the modern age with a special reference to Montreal /." Thesis, McGill University, 1998. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=29808.
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This thesis examines a typical Montreal housing type---the multiplex, a time-tested model to accommodate commercial activities. The focus of this research is on its physical characteristics, which facilitate small-scale commercial transformations of homes with specific needs for different businesses.Chapter 1 introduces the theoretical background of this thesis, and places it in the context of previous research on the subject of small-scale transformations of dwellings.
Chapter 2 reviews the history of shophouses in Montreal from 1642, when the city was founded, through to the Industrial Age.
Chapter 3 begins with a general discussion of the multiplex dwelling---its basic forms, types, and architectural character. The second section of this chapter introduces the case studies. These trace the interior transformations of four multiplexes, all of which were built in the first decade of this century.
In Chapter 4 and 5, the spatial changes identified and collected in all four cases are closely examined. All existing changes have been photographed. These changes are associated with the specific needs of each shop; the four cases were tested, and proved the building's adaptable nature to different degrees. All changes are further regrouped and analyzed according to four important elements---bearing members, non-bearing members, service, and circulation. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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Breyer, Elizabeth Yancey. "Household Water Demand and Land Use Context: A Multilevel Approach." PDXScholar, 2014. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1670.
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Urban water use arises from a mix of scale-dependent biophysical and socioeconomic factors. In Portland, Oregon, single-family residential water use exhibits a tightly coupled relationship with summertime weather, although this relationship varies with land use patterns across households and neighborhoods. This thesis developed a multilevel regression model to evaluate the relative importance of weather variability, parcel land use characteristics, and neighborhood geographic context in explaining single-family residential water demand patterns in the Portland metropolitan area. The model drew on a high-resolution panel dataset of weekly mean summer water use over five years (2001-2005) for a sample of 460 single-family households spanning an urban-to-suburban gradient. Water use was found to be most elastic with respect to parcel-scale building size. Building age was negatively related to water use at both the parcel and neighborhood scale. Half the variation in water use can be attributed to between-household factors. Between-neighborhood variation exerted a modest but statistically significant effect. The analysis decomposed household temperature sensitivity into four components: a fixed effect common to all households, a household-specific deviation from the fixed effect, a separate extreme heat effect, and a land use effect, where lot size exaggerated the effect of temperature on water use. Results suggested that land use planning may be an effective non-price mechanism for long-range management of peak demand, as land use decisions have water use implications. The combined effects of population growth, urbanization, and climate change expose water providers to risk of water stress. Modeling fine-grain relationships among heat, land use, and water use across scales plays a role in long-range climate change planning and adaptation.
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Barrett, Emily Lord. "The Investigation and Optimization of a Two-Heat-Pump System Incorporating Thermal Storage for Shaping Residential Heating Load." PDXScholar, 2016. http://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3025.
Full textAbstract:
Portland General Electric has proposed coupling one or more water tanks with two heat pumps in order to perform load-shifting in residential customer heating and cooling applications. By using the water tanks as a thermal storage unit, this project attempts to partially decouple energy consumption from generation to provide peak demand reduction and to better facilitate the integration of variable renewable energy resources. A scoping study was performed to evaluate the potential impact of this project if implemented in single family homes in Portland, Oregon. This study revealed that the system could provide meaningful savings in the cost of electricity to both the customer and utility. Additionally, an optimization algorithm was developed to dictate system operation and to maximize gains to the utility. Evolutionary algorithms were explored in an attempt to increase the effectiveness of the algorithm's search in limited computation time. Ultimately, an evolution strategy was selected as the most suitable based on tests run in winter and spring months. A genetic algorithm was then developed to handle fixed-speed heat pump operation for compatibility with an alpha-system prototype that has been developed by the research team.
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Nalezyty, Reginald Leonard. "The viability of single-family detached housing in northern Ontario." 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/28587.
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Lacas, Desiree M. K. "Alternative, single family housing, multi-family housing and mixed-use housing for Richmond City, suburbs." Thesis, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/7933.
Full textAbstract:
The objective of this project is to propose the addition of a new layer of
housing in the typical Post WW II suburban residential context in order to
provide more housing alternatives for today's diverse population. This project
was also an exploration of ways that this new housing could address the
transition of zones from residential to other uses such as commercial,
industrial and agricultural. I chose Richmond as my prototype site for
exploration because I believe it is typical of many suburban communities
throughout North America.
The image in North America of the traditional family of a married couple with
young children with an employed husband and homemaker wife that
characterized the 1950's and 1960's doesn't match today's demographics.
Today other types of family structures account for nearly 79% of the
households created, the fastest-growing household type is the single person
living alone, which comprise 23% of all households and single-parent
families account for 14% (Canada Census Statistics 1991 and projections).
As household composition becomes more diverse I believe architects must
develop new forms to accommodate these changes. The residential landscape
we inhabit today is largely the result of Post WW II prosperity and values. In
the 1950's the single-family house became the standard and bankers,
builders and developers continue to concentrate the bulk of capital resources
of housing on the model of the single family detached house despite the
demographic shifts to new types of households. Today many individuals and
families are experiencing difficulties in finding housing that meets their
particular needs.
The design solutions for the nineties will not work unless they challenge
gender stereotypes glorified in the Post WW II pattern of development. This
pattern of development implemented rigid zoning that separated activities of
public life such as places of wage work from the activities of home life.
Private life and public life, private space and public space are bound together
despite cultural pressures to separate them, I believe even more so today
more with emergence of the home office. In this project I explored ways to
create more flexible forms of housing and much richer and complex sets of
transitional spaces in order to accommodate the activities that are required
to connect private life and public life effectively for today's population.