Journal articles on the topic 'Household'
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1
Khusaini, Mohamad, Ferry Prasetyia, and Yennie Dwi Rozanti. "Determinants of Household Poverty Status in Kediri City." Journal of Indonesian Applied Economics 9, no. 2 (August 1, 2021): 36–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.jiae.009.02.05.
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Analyses of the causes and the characteristics of poverty at micro levels provide more efficient strategies for the attainment of main Sustainable Development Goals. This study aimed to analyze the extent to which the characteristics of individuals, households, and communities influence the probability of household poverty status. The 2019 Social Welfare Integrated Data and Village Potential Data of Kediri City were analyzed using an ordered logit regression model and then interpreted based on marginal effect calculation. The study found that household heads’ squared-age, household members’ education, household members’ occupation, household head gender (female), ownership of assets, access to the internet, access to proper sanitation, and access to financial institutions reduced the probability of households being categorized as very poor and poor. This finding indicated that household productivity influenced by the household head’s characteristics in managing productive assets, supported by access to infrastructure, could increase the household's welfare. However, the household head’s age and marital status, dependency ratio, and access to health facilities increased household’s probability of being very poor and poor. Policies regarding poverty must be adjusted to the poverty characteristics and status. Improving access, equalizing education, and improving job opportunity and infrastructure management that ensure accessibility and enhancement in service quality need to be made to increase the status of households with the lowest 40% welfare in Kediri City. Policies regarding poverty should be focused more on social programs for very poor and poor households. Meanwhile, those near-poor and vulnerable-to-poor need more empowering programs.
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Rozanti, Yennie Dwi, Mohamad Khusaini, and Ferry Prasetyia. "Determinants of Household Poverty Status in Kediri City." Journal of Indonesian Applied Economics 9, no. 2 (2021): 36–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.jiae.2021.009.02.5.
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Analyses of the causes and the characteristics of poverty at micro levels provide more efficient strategies for the attainment of main Sustainable Development Goals. This study aimed to analyze the extent to which the characteristics of individuals, households, and communities influence the probability of household poverty status. The 2019 Social Welfare Integrated Data and Village Potential Data of Kediri City were analyzed using an ordered logit regression model and then interpreted based on marginal effect calculation. The study found that household heads’ squared-age, household members’ education, household members’ occupation, household head gender (female), ownership of assets, access to the internet, access to proper sanitation, and access to financial institutions reduced the probability of households being categorized as very poor and poor. This finding indicated that household productivity influenced by the household head’s characteristics in managing productive assets, supported by access to infrastructure, could increase the household's welfare. However, the household head’s age and marital status, dependency ratio, and access to health facilities increased household’s probability of being very poor and poor. Policies regarding poverty must be adjusted to the poverty characteristics and status. Improving access, equalizing education, and improving job opportunity and infrastructure management that ensure accessibility and enhancement in service quality need to be made to increase the status of households with the lowest 40% welfare in Kediri City. Policies regarding poverty should be focused more on social programs for very poor and poor households. Meanwhile, those near-poor and vulnerable-to-poor need more empowering programs.
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Majumder, Sacchidanand, and Soma Chowdhury Biswas. "Health and Socio-economic Implications of Poverty in Bangladesh." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 14, no. 29 (October 31, 2018): 301. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2018.v14n29p301.
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The objective of this study was to explore the influences of the health and socio-economic factors associated with the poverty level of households in Bangladesh, through an analysis of data from the Household Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES) 2010 conducted by Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS). A total of all 12,240 households was considered in this study. CBN method was applied for estimating poverty of the household. A logistic regression analysis was used to identify the main factors that influence the household’s poverty. The results showed that the probability of the household being poor was higher when the household’s head suffered from various chronic diseases like chronic fever, injuries/disability, eczema, leprosy, and asthma/breathing trouble as compared to the household whose head didn’t suffer from any chronic diseases. From the analysis, it was also found that when a large number within household suffered from any chronic disease, the probability of the household being poor was increased. The household that had no access to health care was poorer than the household that had access to health care. The results also showed that with increased investment in health, the probability of the household being poor was decreased. The results showed that rural households were poorer than urban households. Monthly income, land ownership, construction materials of walls and roofs, types of the latrine, source of drinking water, household size; age, sex, and employment status of the household’s head all had a significant impact on the poverty level of the household.
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Estiri, Hossein, and Andy Krause. "A Cohort Location Model of household sorting in US metropolitan regions." Urban Studies 55, no. 1 (September 20, 2016): 71–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098016668783.
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In this paper we propose a household sorting model for the 50 largest US metropolitan regions and evaluate the model using 2010 Census data. To approximate residential locations for household cohorts, we specify a Cohort Location Model (CLM) built upon two principle assumptions about housing consumption and metropolitan development/land use patterns. According to our model, the expected distance from the household’s residential location to the city centre(s) increases with the age of the householder (as a proxy for changes in housing career over life span). The CLM provides a flexible housing-based explanation for household sorting patterns in US metropolitan regions. Results from our analysis on US metropolitan regions show that households headed by individuals under the age of 35 are the most common cohort in centrally located areas. We also found that households over 35 are most prevalent in peripheral locations, but their sorting was not statistically different across space.
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Atamja, Louis, and Sungjoon Yoo. "Credit Constraint and Rural Household Welfare in the Mezam Division of the North-West Region of Cameroon." Sustainability 13, no. 11 (May 25, 2021): 5964. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13115964.
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The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of the rural household’s head and household characteristics on credit accessibility. This study also seeks to investigate how credit constraint affects rural household welfare in the Mezam division of the North-West region of Cameroon. Using data from a household survey questionnaire, we found that 36.88% of the households were credit-constrained, while 63.13% were unconstrained. A probit regression model was used to examine the determinants of households’ credit access, while an endogenous switching regression model was used to analyze the impact of credit constraint on household welfare. The results from the probit regression model indicate the importance of the farmer’s or trader’s organization membership, occupation, and savings to the household’s likelihood of being credit-constrained. On the other hand, a prediction from the endogenous switching regression model confirms that households with access to credit have a better standard of welfare than a constrained household. From the results, it is necessary for the government to subsidize microfinance institutions, so that they can take on the risk of offering credit to rural households.
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Ruranga, Charles, and Scott Hacker. "The Determinants of Households Having Savings Accounts in Rwanda." Rwanda Journal of Social Sciences, Humanities and Business 1, no. 1 (August 5, 2020): 6–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/rjsshb.v1i1.2.
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This paper analyses the determinants of Rwandan households having savings accounts using Integrated Household Living Conditions Survey (IHLCS) data of 2010/11. After a background discussion and literature review an empirical analysis is presented with different variables adopted and analysed as determinants of household’s head having savings accounts. Poverty level, age, gender, residential area and level education of household head (literate or not) were considered as independent variables of the study. Findings from the estimations of logit models indicate the likelihood of a household having a savings account is positively and significantly related to each of the following: non-poor status of the household,the household residing in an urban area, the household head being male, and the household head being literate. Having the household head be literate tends to be more important for younger household heads and for non-poor households. The proportion of households having money in a savings account more than doubled over the decade between the IHLCS 2000/2001 survey and the IHLCS 2010/2011 survey. Government policies on savings and poverty reduction may explain the trend of increased cash balances in saving accounts.
Key Words: Savings, Bank Accounts, Households, Determinants,
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Dang, Quang Vang, and Quoc Duy Vuong. "DETERMINANTS OF HOUSEHOLDS’ EDUCATIONAL EXPENDITURE IN THE MEKONG DELTA OF VIETNAM." Financial and credit activity problems of theory and practice 5, no. 52 (October 31, 2023): 111–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.55643/fcaptp.5.52.2023.4127.
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This study investigates the determinants of households’ educational expenditure in the Mekong Delta through the Viet Nam Living Standard Survey (VHLSS) data in 2022. The Tobit model is used to identify factors that may influence and explain the households’ expenditure on education in the Mekong Delta. The findings found that eight factors have a statistically significant impact of 1% to 10% on the households' educational expenditure. They include 06 factors (age of household head, ethnicity of household head, household’s size, place of residence, households with additional studying members and household’s average income) which positively impact on the households’ educational consumption and the other factors (educational level of household head and participation in local government) which have negative impacts on the educational consumption of the households. Given findings enable us to propose various suggestions to optimize the investment and expenditure for the education of households in the Mekong Delta.
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Salamaga, Marcin. "Analiza zróżnicowania struktury wydatków gospodarstw domowych." Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician 2009, no. 5 (May 29, 2009): 75–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.59139/ws.2009.05.5.
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The size of the households income and the way of the households expense distribution are dependent on the variables describing the household. There are for example the number, the age, the sex of persons in the household as well as the household's available income per capita. The consumption structure in Polish households is varied according to the biological type of the household and the main source of the household maintenance. The main purpose of the article is the statistical analysis of households expenses in the cross-section of varied groups of the households in Poland in 2006. The questionnaire survey was conducted by Central Statistical Office in 37508 households. The application of cluster analysis and the vector elimination algorithm as well as the multivariable statistical analysis ANOVA are proposed for the statistical analysis of households expenses.
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Golgher, Andre. "Multidimensional poverty in urban Brazil: income, assets and expenses." International Journal of Social Economics 43, no. 1 (December 31, 2015): 19–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijse-06-2013-0140.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present deprivation in urban Brazil in a multidimensional perspective with dimensions related to household’s objective information, assets in the household, subjective evaluation concerning the dwelling and expenses. Design/methodology/approach – The author used factorial analysis applied to the Brazilian Household Budget Survey. Most dimensions showed a positive correlation with income, while for others it was not observed any significant difference between income ranges. Some types of deprivation specially touched low-income households, while other dimensions differentiated middle-income households, or even higher income households. The author applied a fuzzy perspective to define deprivation membership in each dimension with the use of a modified logistic function. The author observed that households with similar income faced different levels of deprivation in many dimensions. Findings – The author showed that there were significant differences in household’s expense preferences and profiles linked to these findings. Households with high levels of food deprivation relatively spend more on household’s rent, taxes and services, indicating that shelter and then food in the household are the very basic goods. Larger relative expenses with food in the household indicated higher levels of deprivation in all other dimensions, indicating that due to these higher food expenditures, the households could not overcome the deprivation in other dimensions. Households that spend more on smoke and gambling faced higher deprivation in most dimensions, suggesting different expenses priorities, less household oriented. Originality/value – To the best of the knowledge, this is the first attempt to link multidimensional deprivation and expenses profile for Brazilian data.
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Oyedele, Ovikuomagbe. "Determinants of Household Cooking Energy Choice: Are Such Choices Influenced by Health Outcomes?" International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy 13, no. 2 (March 24, 2023): 553–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.32479/ijeep.13977.
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Several factors determine a woman’s choice of cooking fuel type for her household. Since there are health effects to such decisions, it is consequential that households would take into consideration their health outcome experiences when making such choices. This study examined the determinants of household’s cooking energy choice. It examined whether such choices are influenced by health outcomes. A multinomial logit model was estimated, controlling for possible heterogeneity. Higher levels of household wealth index and education promote cleaner energy use such as electricity and gas rather than firewood, charcoal and other solid fuels in both urban and rural locations. Increasing household size reduced the likelihood of household’s use of electricity and gas rather than firewood, charcoal and other solid fuels. Richer households were generally more likely to use than poorer households. This was irrespective of whether they had zero child death or at least one child death experience. Thus, policy effort towards achieving energy transition and environmental quality should improve household wealth and women education.
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TSIBOE, FRANCIS, JEFF LUCKSTEAD, BRUCE L. DIXON, LAWTON L. NALLEY, and JENNIE S. POPP. "ANALYZING LABOR HETEROGENEITY IN GHANAIAN COCOA PRODUCTION AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR SEPARABILITY IN HOUSEHOLD DECISIONS AND POLICY ASSESSMENT." Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 50, no. 4 (June 27, 2018): 602–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/aae.2018.18.
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AbstractResearchers have employed farm household models (FHMs) for policy analysis under the separability assumption. However, separability can fail, and the household's production and consumption decisions become simultaneous. Using 5 years of household data, the separability assumption among Ghana's cocoa-producing households is tested via heterogeneity of household adult males and females, household children, and hired and exchange labor. Results show labor is heterogeneous, implying a lack of separability. Simulation analysis also shows that ignoring nonseparability leads to an underestimation of policy effects. Thus, nonseparability in production and consumption decisions must be incorporated in FHMs developed for Ghanaian cocoa-producing households.
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Roeske-Słomka, Iwona. "Wydatki na alkohol w gospodarstwach domowych." Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician 2011, no. 7-8 (July 28, 2011): 44–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.59139/ws.2011.07-08.3.
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The purpose of the study is to find out, if a social-economic household group and the number of persons in a household have an effect to diversify the alcohol expenses participation in total expenses. The Polish CSO data coming from household budget surveys (1993–2009) were basis of the analysis. The lowest alcohol expenses participation in total expenses was observed in pensioner and, on the second position, in workman households. Relatively, the highest participation was noted in farmers’ and, on the second position, in self-employed’ households. The higher is the number of persons in a household the lower alcohol expenditure share in total household expenditures. The used analysis of variance made possible to state that household’s socio-economic group as well as the household size have an significant statistical effect on alcohol expenditure share in the total expenses of a household.
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Hossain, M. "Does gender influence farm households’ decision to adopt technology and commercial agriculture: Implication for household food security in rural Bangladesh." SAARC Journal of Agriculture 17, no. 1 (August 25, 2019): 219–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sja.v17i1.42772.
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This paper investigates whether gender of household head is associated with the household’s decision to adopt technology and commercial agriculture in rural Bangladesh. It further investigates if household food security of the adopters differs significantly on the basis of gender of the household head. By using Ӽ2 test and Cramer’s V statistic this paper finds evidence to suggest that adoption of both technology and of commercialisation of agriculture in rural Bangladesh significantly differs between male-headed and female-headed households. The incidence of adoption among the female-led households is low possibly because they are constrained by lack of access to input, credit, and extension services. It is also found that household food security of the adopters improves irrespective of gender of the household head. Thus the policy implication of the study is that technology adoption and commercial farming may have good prospect for improving household food security of rural farm households.
SAARC J. Agri., 17(1): 219-226 (2019)
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Muzayyanah, Mujtahidah Anggriani Ummul, Sudi Nurtini, Rini Widiati, Suci Paramitasari Syahlani, and Tri Anggraeni Kusumastuti. "HOUSEHOLD DECISION ANALYSIS ON ANIMAL PROTEIN FOOD CONSUMPTION: EVIDENCE FROM D.I YOGYAKARTA PROVINCE." Buletin Peternakan 41, no. 2 (May 30, 2017): 203. http://dx.doi.org/10.21059/buletinpeternak.v41i2.18062.
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Food consumption pattern in Indonesia has change. Consumption of animal protein food is increasing as income increase. Animal protein foods are come from fish products and livestock products. The aim of this study is to analyze household decision on animal protein food consumption based on socioeconomics determinant of the households. Household expenditure data were used in this study. Discrete choice model is used to measure household decision in consuming these foods. Socioeconomics determinants are measured by Binary Logistic regression to know the influence of these to the household’s decision. Marginal effect value from binary logistic regression analysis showed that households tend to increase consuming animal protein food from livestock products varies from 0.5 to 6.09 times associated to socioeconomic factors of the households. Further research need to analyze nutritional status of the household’s members.
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Dey, Soma, and Sacchidanand Majumder. "Identifying factors that influence access to banking services in Bangladesh: A household level analysis." Bangladesh Journal of Scientific Research 30, no. 1-2 (March 25, 2018): 81–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsr.v30i1-2.36122.
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This study, employing a logistic regression model seeks to identify the important factors that influence household’s access to banking services. The result shows that about 31.7% households have bank account while the remaining 68.3% households have no such account. The result found that with the increase in age of household’s head access to banking services increased gradually. As observed, female headed household have greater access to banking services as compared to male headed household. More so, formerly/ever married headed households have less access to banking services by comparison with never married headed households. The result also shows that access to banking services gradually increased with increasing education level of household’s head. It is found that poor households have very less access to banking services as compared to non-poor households. Increased land ownership of household allowed gradual increase in the access to banking services. The result also mentions that nonowner homestead households have less access to banking services as compared to own homestead households. According to the logistics regression analysis, comparing with the rural households it has been found that the urban households have more access to banking facilities.Bangladesh J. Sci. Res. 30(1&2): 81-89, December-2017
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Paár, Dávid. "Differences in the Hungarian households’ sport expenditures." Applied Studies in Agribusiness and Commerce 7, no. 1 (March 31, 2013): 91–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.19041/apstract/2013/1/16.
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The paper searches the differences between the groups of Hungarian households regarding the sport expenditures’ presence in household budget and determining factors. I used the latest Household Budget Survey (HBS) of the Hungarian Central Statistical Office from 2008 which contains data of more than 7000 households. My methods were logit and probit models, where the presence of sport expenditures were explained in households’ budget. The increase of the following indicators has a positive effect onto the possibility of the sport expenditures: income status, level of education, number of the children in the household, size of settlement. The region of the household is determining the presence of the sport expenditures too, however sex of the household’s head does not play a significant role.
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Choo, Mijin, and Dong Keun Yoon. "Impact of Disaster on Household Expenditures Using a Difference-in-Difference Analysis." Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation 23, no. 6 (December 31, 2023): 91–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.9798/kosham.2023.23.6.91.
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This study investigates the impact of the 2012 typhoon on household consumption expenditures in South Korea using a difference-indifferences model. We analyzed the changes in household consumption expenditures based on the extent and severity of disaster damage. Additionally, how these impacts vary depending on the employment status of the household head and the household’s income quartile was explored. The findings indicate that households experiencing disaster damage tend to reduce their consumption expenditures compared to unaffected households. Notably, households in the lowest income quintile and those with heads engaged in temporary or self-employment experience more significant declines. These research findings provide valuable insights for shaping future policies aimed at supporting household recovery and effectively directing post-disaster assistance resources.
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Adhikary, Maniklal, and Samrat Chowdhury. "Willingness to Invest in Rooftop Rainwater Harvesting." International Journal of Sustainable Economies Management 6, no. 2 (April 2017): 30–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsem.2017040103.
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Water is increasingly becoming scarce across not only in India but also in World. This paper aims at bringing out the factors responsible for a household's decision to invest in rooftop rainwater harvesting. The paper is based on cross sectional sample of 230 houses from Urban Areas of Hooghly District in West Bengal. The study is conducted in an area which has piped municipal water supply. The study finds that a large number of explanatory variables like income of the household, coping cost incurred by the household positively and significantly affect household's decision to invest in rooftop rainwater harvesting. However, the household demand for water is negatively related to willingness of the household to adopt rooftop rainwater harvesting. Household heads that are educated are more likely to invest in rooftop rainwater harvesting. Houses which are comparatively new or constructed in last five years, as well as households who also undertake gardening are also more likely to invest in rooftop rainwater harvesting as compared to households without the features.
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Asaki, Foster Awindolla, Eric Fosu Oteng-Abayie, and Franklin Bedakiyiba Baajike. "Effects of water, energy, and food security on household well-being." PLOS ONE 19, no. 7 (July 11, 2024): e0307017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0307017.
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Water, energy, and food insecurity are significant challenges that affect both economies and households, particularly in developing countries. These resources have an effect on households wellbeing, businesses, and all sectors of the economy, making them critical to ensuring household well-being, which is frequently measured by quintile welfare. As a result, there has been a significant increase in interest in securitizing these resources in order to mitigate their negative effects on household’s wellbeing This study provides an empirical investigation of the determinants of water, energy, and food (WEF) security and the effect of water, energy, and food security on household well-being in Ghana. This study provides an empirical investigation of the determinants of water, energy, and food (WEF) security and the effect of water, energy, and food security on household well-being in Ghana. The study used a sample of 2,735 households from the Ghana Living Standard Survey (GLSS) Wave 7. We applied an instrumental variable probit, complementary log-log and ordered Probit estimation techniques for analysis. Empirical analysis reveals several important findings. Firstly, factors such as age, credit access, household location, employment status, and livestock ownership positively contribute to household water security, while remittances, water supply management, water bills, and water quantity have negative impacts. Secondly, age, marital status, household size, remittances, and livestock ownership significantly influence household energy security. Thirdly, marital status, household income, credit access, and household size are crucial determinants of household food security, with residence and region of household location exerting negative effects. Additionally, while water and energy security have a relatively lower impact on household well-being, food security emerges as a key driver in promoting household wellbeing. The study recommends that policymakers and stakeholders design and implement robust programs and interventions to sustain households’ water, energy, and food supply.
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Berra, Wondu Garoma. "Household Food Insecurity Predicts Childhood Undernutrition: A Cross-Sectional Study in West Oromia (Ethiopia)." Journal of Environmental and Public Health 2020 (March 9, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/5871980.
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Background. Despite mixed reports, food insecurity emerges as a predictor of nutritional status, assumably limiting the quantity and quality of dietary intake. In Ethiopia, the prevalence of childhood undernutrition and food insecurity is highly pronounced. However, whether household food insecurity predicts undernutrition in children was not yet well established. Thus, the aim of the present study was to identify the link between household food access and undernutrition in children aged 6–23 months in West Oromia zones, Ethiopia. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 525 households during June–October 2016. Food access was measured as Household Food Insecurity Access Scale. Semistructured interviewer-administered questionnaires were employed to collect data on sociodemographics, child health, child dietary practices, household food security, and anthropometrics. The height and weight of children aged 6–23 months in each household were measured. Multivariate logistic regression models were constructed to assess the association between household food insecurity and child nutritional status measured from undernutrition indicators. Results. Overall, more than two-thirds (69%) of households were classified as food insecure (had insufficient access to adequate food), with a mean (SD) household food access score of 7.9 (7.7). The respective prevalence of mild and moderate food-insecure households was 56.6% and 12.4%. Higher proportions of children in food-insecure households were stunted (41.8% vs. 15.5%), underweight (22.0% vs. 6.1%), and wasted (14.9% vs. 6.1%). Overall, the prevalence of child undernutrition was 21.3% in the target population, with 16.2% stunted, 6.9% underweight, and 6.3% wasted. The present finding shows food-secure households were 54% protective (OR: 0.46, 95% CI: 0.25–0.84) for child undernutrition. Compared to children in food-secure households, children who were reportedly living in moderately food-insecure households were over twice more likely stunted (OR: 2.09, 95% CI: 1.02–4.28) and over 4 times more likely underweight (OR: 4.73, 95% CI: 1.81–12.35). However, household food insecurity was not a correlate for acute malnutrition (wasting) in children. Conclusions. The prevalence of household’s food insecurity situation is very common and more pronounced among households with undernourished children aged 6–23 months in Ethiopia. The analysis of this work shows that moderately food-insecure households are a salient predictor for composite undernutrition, stunting, and underweight, but not for wasting. Thus, this finding informs the need for multisectoral strategies and policies to combat household’s food insecurity and multiple forms of child undernutrition, beyond the socioeconomic wellbeing.
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Ismah, Khairunnisa, Wan Abbas Zakaria, and Yaktiworo Indriani. "POLA KONSUMSI DAN KETAHANAN PANGAN RUMAH TANGGA NELAYAN DI DESA MAJA KECAMATAN KALIANDA KABUPATEN LAMPUNG SELATAN." Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Agribisnis 8, no. 1 (August 5, 2020): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jiia.v8i1.4357.
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This research aimed to analyze consumption pattern, food security level, and factors that influence the consumption pattern of household fisherman marker. This research was conducted by survey method. Location of this research was determined purposively in Maja Village, Kalianda District, South LampungRegency. The amount of research samples of 40 fisherman labor with the respondents in the research were the heads of household and housewives.The data was collected in April-May 2018. Data analysis method used was quantitative analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. The consumption pattern was assessed by non-consecutively the Desirable Dietary Pattern (DDP) score based on the food recall of household consumption for 2x24 hours. The DDP score was calculated from the energy intake of each group of food consumed. The results showed that the number of types of food consumed by fisherman household was 10-13 kinds (62.5%) and the frequency of food consumed by fisherman household is rice. TheDesirable Dietary Pattern (DDP) score of fisherman household was 66.72. The level of food security of fishermanhousehold in Maja Village based on the results of cross classification between the level of energy sufficiency and share of food expenditure could be divided in four categories. There were11 households (27.5%) food resistant, 21 households (52.5%) less food, 4 households (10.0%) vulnerable food, and 4 households (10.0%) food insecure. The factors that influenced household’s consumption patterns at Maja Village were maternal age and household income.Key words: consumption patterns, fishing households, food security.
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Mpiira, S., M. Kipsat, PK Mose, FX Kalyango, and C. Staver. "The influence of gender specific decisions on household technology choice within the farming households in central Uganda." African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development 24, no. 3 (April 6, 2024): 25795–824. http://dx.doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.128.24325.
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How households make decisions, who influences decision making and how members bargain over resources and opportunities greatly affects the livelihood and wellbeing of members within a given household. This study sought to understand gender specific decisions and their influence on household technology choice, packaging and adoption of agricultural technologies. Growing Bananas with Trees and Livestock (GBTL) technology system was implemented by National Agricultural Research Organisation and Bioversity International in three districts of Central Uganda: Kiboga, Nakaseke and Ssembabule. Using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Cluster Analysis (CA), typologies were created in which two distinct clusters of farming households were revealed. Using a bargaining model of technology adoption, three types of households were identified; male and female only, female only and male only headed households. For technology uptake, either a single component, two components or all components of a technology was adopted. Results indicated that Household size, age, land owned, labour and gender composition of the household positively influenced the adoption of the technology. Farm households were able to take up and adopt components of the technology that were equivalent to the available household resources. Technology choice and adoption was influenced by available land, labor and household objectives (food, income and nutrition security). Households' ability to avert the loss of production and/or assets was very varied and depended on household size. For non-business home expenses, decisions followed a gendered perspective where households with both male and female, had more participants involved in household decision making, households make decision jointly when it comes to purchases and sales. Banana plantations establishment and management was for the spouse. Livestock production was initiated and managed by the household heads. Individual decisions were influenced by age of the household head, livestock owner. Joint household’s decision making was significant on purchases, sales of inputs and outputs, land ownership, and were influenced by household size and farm size. This study brings out important policy implications that in order to ensure widespread adoption of improved technologies, there should be equitable access to complementary inputs, especially land and labour for females. And technology packaging should take into consideration the gender specific decisions for sustainable agricultural development. Key words: Decision making, Technology choice, adoption, Coffee banana farming system, Gender
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Yemata, Amare Mabrie. "Urban Households’ Vulnerability to Multidimensional Poverty in Eastern Ethiopia." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 6, no. 11 (October 28, 2018): 1522. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v6i11.1522-1529.1752.
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Household level vulnerability analyses are becoming main issue in economics literature. Yet very few empirical works have been done to examine the extent of Eastern Ethiopia urban (Dira Dawa, Harar and Jigjiga towns) households’ vulnerability to multidimensional poverty. This paper tried to fill the gap by using a survey that was conducted to collect information on household’s characteristics, socioeconomic status, shocks experience and responses to shocks during the year 2016. Unlike conventional studies of household vulnerability, this study calculates household’s probability of experiencing a broad and non-monetary characterization of poverty: the multidimensional poverty index using Structural Equation and Tobit model. The Structural Equation Model result revealed that, the health and education dimensions of multidimensional poverty significantly contributed a lot to households’ vulnerability to multidimensional poverty. Based on the Tobit model result households’ vulnerability to multidimensional poverty would be reduced if the household is wealthier, better educated healthier, employed and has the practice of reducing the size of meals at the time of shock. Contrary to this, if the household has large family size, prone to health problem, and has not developed the culture of reducing the number of meals per day, there is high risk of vulnerability to multidimensional poverty. Hence, the study recommended that there is a dire need for policies and programs that can improve wealth and education statuses of household members, create employment opportunity, promote family planning, improved health situation and accessibility of food for the vulnerable households.
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Ironmonger, D. S., and C. W. Lloyd-Smith. "Projections of households and household populations by household size propensities." Journal of the Australian Population Association 9, no. 2 (November 1992): 153–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03029367.
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Keesstra, Saskia, Tamara Metze, Linda Ofori, Marleen Buizer, and Saskia Visser. "What Does the Circular Household of the Future Look Like? An Expert-Based Exploration." Land 11, no. 7 (July 12, 2022): 1062. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11071062.
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Circularity is a necessity for the future of our society but individual households often find it difficult to contribute to this transition. This paper presents possible future visions of circular (and climate-neutral) households, inside and outside the house, regarding their contributions to the circular society, and taking into account food, energy, waste, household devices, and recreation. We combined expert interviews and a literature review to (1) explore imaginable futures for circular households, and (2) make a qualitative evaluation of the inside- and outside-house influences of households on a climate-neutral and circular society. Interviewees were selected to represent different scientific backgrounds. The four household types were organized according to more local or global, and collective or individual, levels: (1) the Househood (centering around neighborhoods); (2) the HouseNet (connecting households); (3) the Sharing Household (sharing goods between households); and (4) the Designing Household (input from circular-by-design products). The analysis shows that households can become more circular by connecting developments in social, ecological, and technological systems, such as those in price dynamics, policies, or land-use design. However, barriers and limitations need attention, including: (1) public awareness and willingness to change; (2) economic models; (3) waste; and (4) social justice.
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LEPEYKO, Tetiana, and Inna KOZLOVA. "FACTORS OF INFLUENCE ON HOUSEHOLD INVESTMENT BEHAVIOR UNDER UNCERTAINTY." Ukrainian Journal of Applied Economics 5, no. 4 (December 2, 2020): 238–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.36887/2415-8453-2020-4-28.
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Introduction. The basis of economic development in any country is the investment activity of economic entities. To increase investment activity in the country, it is necessary to involve households in investment activities, which can significantly increase the level of investment at all levels through active investment behavior. The purpose of the research is to analyze the impact of factors on the households’ investment behavior in conditions of uncertainty, which is realized by analysis of the main sources of households’ investment activity at the macro, meso and micro levels; study of the composition of investment expenditures in the households; correlation analysis of the impact of the identified factors on the households’ investment behavior. Results. Investment behavior of households is the action to convert investment sources into certain types of income depending on the areas of investment activity. The main sources for investment in households are cash resources in the form of wages, income from entrepreneurial activities; financial assistance from various sources. The structure and level of the households’ income depend on the households’ location, their age structure, educational and cultural level of household members. Investment expenditures of households are the basis of their investment behavior. The most popular among Ukrainian households are the following investment expenditures: purchase of property to generate income; deposits in banks; spending on educational services, child development and health support of household members. The expenditures structure also depends on the characteristics of the household. Correlation analysis was used to determine the impact of factors, including the uncertainty factor, on household investment expenditures. The uncertainty factor is based on the index of consumer confidence of households. Conclusions. The households’ investment behavior is influenced by many factors, but the most significant factors are the level of household savings, the level of household income, the index of consumer confidence of households as a factor in assessing the level of uncertainty. Keywords: household’s investment behavior, household income, investment expenditure of households, uncertainty factor.
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Diansari, Pipi, and Teruaki Nanseki. "Perceived food security status – a case study of households in North Luwu, Indonesia." Nutrition & Food Science 45, no. 1 (February 9, 2015): 83–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/nfs-01-2014-0007.
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Purpose – The purpose of this study was to investigate the socioeconomic impact on perceived household food security in the North Luwu District of South Sulawesi Province in the eastern part of Indonesia. In Indonesia, 87 million people are presently vulnerable to food insecurity. Thus, the United Nations Development Programme’s primary millennium development goal for Indonesia is to halve the number of people who suffer from hunger by 2015. It is clear that food security at the household level is crucial to achieving this target. Design/methodology/approach – In total, 371 household heads were interviewed. The households’ perceptions of their food security status were captured by asking the household head the following question: “How do you perceive your household’s food security status during the last month”? Respondents could select from the following options: insecure, somewhat insecure, somewhat secure, secure and highly secure. Here, the household head’s answer is regarded as the household’s subjective food security status (SFSS). We then applied descriptive analysis and an ordered logit model to determine the socioeconomic factors that influence SFSS. Findings – As expected, in both analyses, household income and formal level of education have a strong relationship to SFSS. However, this study finds that food nutrition knowledge also shows a significant role in enhancing the probability that household SFSS will be in a better food security category. This could be a breakthrough in improving household food security status given the lack of formal education. Practical implications – Neighborhood resource-based food preparation counseling programs are essential. Existing food programs for Indonesian households should be reoriented and incorporated into the non-formal educational curriculum and should be carried out at the family level or in small groups to ensure that the message of the program is delivered effectively. In the short term, for non-farm households, the government should provide targeted households with crash programs such as revolving funds for household-level business activities. For farm households, ensuring that farming infrastructures, facilities and technologies are adequate and affordable is crucial to sustaining their production process. Originality/value – This is the first study to investigate the perceptions of household heads on their food security status in Indonesia. Most prior studies on household food security in Indonesia were conducted in response to Indonesia’s 1997 economic crisis and focused predominantly on Java, in the western part of Indonesia; there is little existing research on the eastern part of Indonesia. Moreover, this study is the first to emphasize the significant role of food nutrition knowledge in increasing the probability of household heads’ perceptions on their food security status being in a better category.
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Herzberg, Ronja, Thomas G. Schmidt, and Felicitas Schneider. "Characteristics and Determinants of Domestic Food Waste: A Representative Diary Study across Germany." Sustainability 12, no. 11 (June 9, 2020): 4702. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12114702.
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As it is the case in many industrialized countries, household food waste accounts for a large share of total food waste in Germany. Within this study, the characteristics of edible and inedible domestic food waste, the reasons for discarding food and the potential influence of socio-demographic factors on food waste generation are assessed. A data set of 6853 households who participated in a diary study in 2016 and 2017 was analyzed by use of descriptive statistics, parametric tests, and linear regression. The results indicate that perishable products such as vegetables, fruits, and bread are mainly affected by disposal. Moreover, household food waste occurs due to quantity problems at purchase for small households and quantity problems at home for larger households and households with children. Despite statistically significant differences in food waste amounts between household lifecycle stages, age of the head of household, household size, and size category of the municipality, socio-demographic factors have a limited power in predicting a household’s food waste level. The study has important implications for food waste policy and research regarding the issues of food waste prevention measures, quantification methodologies, and monitoring implementation.
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Spitze, Glenna, and Russell Ward. "Household Labor in Intergenerational Households." Journal of Marriage and the Family 57, no. 2 (May 1995): 355. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/353689.
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Lin, Liqiong, Weizhuo Wang, Christopher Gan, David A. Cohen, and Quang T. T. Nguyen. "Rural Credit Constraint and Informal Rural Credit Accessibility in China." Sustainability 11, no. 7 (April 1, 2019): 1935. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11071935.
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This paper investigates the effects of rural households’ demographic characteristics on formal credit constraint, and explores the relationship between informal and formal lending in rural China. Using 2013 China’s Household Finance survey data, the authors apply probit regression models to investigate the effects of demographic factors on formal credit constraint and the household’s decision to borrow from informal credit sources. In addition, the endogenous switching regression model is applied to evaluate the impact of credit constraint on the welfare of rural farm households. The empirical evidence confirms that age, family size, annual household nonagricultural income, level of education, and history of informal borrowing have significant influence over credit constraint. Moreover, annual household nonagricultural income, the presence of children, borrowing from social networks and monthly communication expenses significantly impact rural households’ decision to utilise informal borrowing. Results from the endogenous switching regression model suggest that credit constraint by formal credit sources has no impact on household consumption.
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Suwal, Bhim Raj, Jane Zhao, Aditi Raina, Xun Wu, Namrata Chindarkar, K. C. Bal Kumar, and Dale Whittington. "Households' preferences for water tariff structures in Kathmandu, Nepal." Water Policy 21, S1 (August 26, 2019): 9–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2019.079.
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Abstract Despite being politically sensitive, water tariffs are frequently administered without information about households' preferences for tariff structures. In this paper we examine the tariff preferences of 1,500 households in Kathmandu, Nepal. We first use a bivariate probit model to examine stated preferences for (1) an increasing block tariff (IBT) and (2) a positive fixed charge. We find that household preferences for IBTs and fixed charges are not easily explained by household socioeconomic and water use characteristics. Second, we ask respondents what they think a fair water bill would be for a randomly assigned quantity of water. We model the responses as a function of both quantity and household socioeconomic and water use characteristics. While households support a water tariff that results in a household's water bill increasing as a household's water use increases, we do not find evidence that households support an increasing, nonlinear relationship between water use and a household's water bill. Our results suggest that respondents desire affordable piped water services and water bills that are calculated fairly for everyone. Because the notion of fairness in Kathmandu varies, utility managers may have considerable latitude in choosing a tariff structure that focuses on other objectives, such as cost recovery, revenue stability, and economic efficiency.
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Sutanto, Wiliyanti, Mayumi Sakaguchi, Eka Rastiyanto Amrullah, Aris Rusyiana, and Akira Ishida. "Accurate targeting in the Indonesian RASKIN program." International Journal of Social Economics 47, no. 11 (October 6, 2020): 1363–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijse-03-2020-0124.
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PurposeUsing nationally representative data, this study estimated the probability of a household receiving RASKIN rice in general as well as the rate of excluding poor households and including nonpoor households in relation to the targeting accuracy of the RASKIN program.Design/methodology/approachThe data came from the National Socioeconomic Survey conducted by the Central Bureau of Statistics in March 2015. Several independent variables were included, such as the head of household's age, gender and marital status, in addition to highest educational level among family members, household size, economic status, regional district and residential classification.FindingsThe results showed that a household's probability of receiving RASKIN rice increases if the head of household is older, female and a widower, and the household has more human capital accumulation, more family members, lower economic status and is in a rural area and/or Java and Nusa Tenggara. The estimated probabilities of poor households excluded from the RASKIN program and nonpoor households included are 44.8 and 35.1%, respectively, suggesting mistargeting occurred where eligible recipients were undercovered, and revealed the loss of funds to ineligible households.Originality/valueThe present study focused on the program's targeting accuracy while at the same time keeping in mind the social and geographical conditions in Indonesia. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, little to no such research has been conducted.
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Tanziha, Ikeu, and Eka Herdiana. "ANALISIS JALUR FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KETAHANAN PANGAN RUMAH TANGGA DI KABUPATEN LEBAK, PROPINSI BANTEN." Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan 4, no. 2 (July 10, 2009): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.25182/jgp.2009.4.2.109-115.
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<p class="MsoTitle" style="margin: 0cm 13.05pt 6pt 17.85pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 26.95pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">The objective of the study was to analyze direct and indirect factors that influence household’s food security. The study design was a crosectional study. Research was conducted in </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">Pasindangan and Banjarsari Village, Cileles and Warunggunung Subdistrict, Lebak Distric, Banten Province in </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">April - May 2009</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">. A purposive sampling was applied to select 101 households. The data collected include socio economy and food intake. Quantitatively,</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">a household is categorized as food security, if his/her TKE >90%, and a household is categorized as food insecurity, if his/her TKE < 90%. The Rank Spearman test was applied to analyze correlation of socioeconomic, demographic and food intake variables between food securities. Path analysis was used to analyze direct and indirect factors that influence household’s food security. The results showed that </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">62.4% households were food security, and 37.6% households were food insecurity</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">. </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">There are correlation between household expenditure per capita, number of household member and land area to household food security. Based on the path analysis,</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">direct factor that influence household food security was household expenditure per capita. Indirect factors that influence household food security were number of household member – household expenditure per capita – household food security.</span></p>
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Jacob, Boniphace, and Method Kazaura. "Access to Safe Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene: A Cross-Sectional Study among the Maasai in Tanzania." American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 104, no. 4 (April 7, 2021): 1535–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.20-0134.
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ABSTRACTSafe water supply, sanitation, and hygiene (WaSH) are among key components to prevent and control waterborne diseases such as cholera, schistosomiasis, and other gastrointestinal morbidities in the community. In 2018, there was cholera outbreak in Ngorongoro district that was fueled by inadequate and unsafe water as well as poor sanitation and hygiene. We used an analytical cross-sectional study first to determine the proportion of households with access to WaSH and second to assess factors associated with coverage of household’s access to WaSH. Methods included interviewing heads of the household to assess the availability of safe drinking water, use of unshared toilet/latrine by household members only, and the availability of functional handwashing facility. Eight percent of households had access to WaSH. Access to household’s WaSH was positively associated with household’s monthly income, education of heads of the household, and water use per person per week. To control water-related morbidities, there is a need to improve access to reliable safe drinking water, expand alternatives of households to earn more incomes, and enhance proper sanitation and hygiene services to rural areas and marginalized groups like the Maasai of Ngorongoro in Tanzania.
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Jateno, Workicho, Bamlaku Alamirew Alemu, and Maru Shete. "Household dietary diversity across regions in Ethiopia: Evidence from Ethiopian socio-economic survey data." PLOS ONE 18, no. 4 (April 5, 2023): e0283496. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0283496.
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Background Household food and nutrition insecurity continued to be a development and policy agenda in Ethiopia. Assessing the patterns and determinants of household dietary diversity is an important area of research given its importance for policy uptake in the country. This study is, therefore, initiated to identify the dominant food groups consumed by households and to investigate the determinants of household dietary diversity in the country. Method We used data from the 4th wave of the Ethiopian socioeconomic survey. The survey data for this study included 3,115 households living in rural areas (hereafter called ‘rural households’). Household Dietary Diversity Score (HDDS) was calculated and categorized as per the FAO’s recommendation: low HDDS category for those who consume three or less food groups, medium HDDS for those who consume four to six, and high HDDS for those who consume seven and more food groups during the past seven days. Ordinal logistic regression model was employed to estimate the determinants of rural household’s dietary diversity. Results Cereals were the most dominant food group consumed by 96.4% of the households followed by pulses, which was consumed by 82% of the households Nutrition-dense food commodities such as lean meat, vegetables and fruits were the least consumed food groups by households in Ethiopia. In terms of determinants of dietary diversity, female headed households have 38% more chance of consuming diverse foods compared to their male-headed counterparts (AOR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.10, 1.73). Household heads who completed secondary education and above have 62% more chance of consuming diverse foods compared to uneducated household heads (AOR = 1.62, 95% CI: 1.2, 2.30). Household heads who are single have 37% less chance of consuming diverse foods compared to those household heads who are married (AOR = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.50, 0.80). Those households located in Harari regional state and in the rural surroundings of Diredawa town have 6.56 times more chance of consuming diverse foods compared to those households living in Tigray and Amhara regional states (AOR = 6.56, 95% CI: 4.60, 9.37). The results also highlighted that households who are in the upper wealth category have 9 times more chance of consuming diverse foods compared to those households who are the lower wealth category (AOR = 8.54, 95% CI: 6.79, 11.98).
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Kotani, Hitomu, and Kazuyoshi Nakano. "How a Household Survived a Natural Hazard-Triggered Blackout with Photovoltaic and Battery Energy System: A Report of 2018 Hokkaido Eastern Iburi Earthquake in Japan." Journal of Disaster Research 18, no. 3 (April 1, 2023): 280–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2023.p0280.
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Energy-generating and storage systems, such as photovoltaic (PV) panels and energy storage batteries in homes, are becoming increasingly popular in the context of decarbonization. The systems are also expected to increase household resilience to natural hazard-triggered blackouts. However, how these systems contribute to the use of electrical appliances in households in actual cases is not sufficiently known. Therefore, this report aims to describe the activities that a household with an energy-generating and storage system could undertake during a natural hazard-triggered blackout. We focused on the blackout triggered by the 2018 Hokkaido Eastern Iburi Earthquake (approximately 2.95 million households lost power) and conducted an interview with a household living in a detached all-electric house with a PV and battery system. The results showed that the household lived without inconveniences during the blackout due to the power supply from the installed system, despite the weather. They charged cell phones and used a television, refrigerator, microwave oven, cooking heater, and bath. Moreover, the household’s electricity was also supplied to other households. These results clarified the actual benefit of enhancing household and community resilience of the systems. The results will aid household decision-making for the installation and governmental consideration of subsidies.
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Thomas, Barbara P. "Household strategies for adaptation and change: participation in Kenyan rural women’s associations." Africa 58, no. 4 (October 1988): 401–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1160349.
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Opening ParagraphRecent literature on Third World households suggests that the household is a critical unit of analysis in decision-making and economic organisation for development (Smith, Wallerstein and Evers, 1984; Netting, Wilk and Arnould, 1984). Increasingly, this literature is addressing intra-household behaviour, the ways in which households relate to other institutions and the degree to which they are autonomous or embedded in more comprehensive social structures (Guyer and Peters, 1984; Folbre, 1985; Moock, 1986). Indeed, the household focus requires not only close examination of the household's internal dynamics, but also its external context. That context includes the physical setting, international as well as national political and economic structures, and the local political economic and social systems.
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Ariska Nurfajar Rini and Lienggar Rahadiantino. "FINANCIAL INCLUSION OF HOUSEHOLDS IN INDONESIA." International Journal of Business and Society 24, no. 2 (August 14, 2023): 832–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.33736/ijbs.5967.2023.
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There is extensive attention on financial inclusion and its benefits, recently strategy to stimulate financial inclusion has focused on innovation and technology penetration. This paper analyzes the effect of financial inclusion on a household’s income and the role of cellphone and internet access in household financial inclusion in Indonesia. We develop the financial deprivation of each household to calculate financial exclusion. The Indonesia Family Life Survey year 2014 data are utilized in this paper. Our methodology is Ordinary Least Square (OLS) to examine how the role of financial institutions affects a household’s income. In the second model, we use Probit estimation to determine the likelihood of household financial deprivation due to cellphone and internet access. We also check the robustness of previous models using Propensity Score Matching (PSM) estimation. Our estimation results found that financial exclusion has a highly significant impact on a specific group of households. With middle-level income households, the financial exclusion would deprive income of almost 80 percent. This finding explains that middle welfare households benefited more from financial inclusion than households in the poorest and the wealthiest group. Another result found that cellphone and mobile banking significantly impact decreasing financial deprivation, respectively.
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Sekaringsih, Riswanti Budi. "Does Finance Access Matters for Children? An Evidence Form Indonesia Family Life Survey 5 and 4." Global Review of Islamic Economics and Business 5, no. 1 (December 7, 2017): 055. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/grieb.2017.051-05.
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As explained in the declaration of Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) in January 2016, two of the achievements are good health and wellbeing and quality education. Households as one of the drivers of the economy, household should be able to improve this achievement. Because There are two kinds of household’s outcome such as; child health and child education. One of the factors that influence this outcome is household financial access. A household who had better access on finance was more sustain than the other. This study aims to examine the impact of household financial acces on child education and child health. Source of data that used is Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS/SAKERTI) year 2014 and 2007. The recognition that finance access is an input in a household's production function has major implications for development. It suggests that the acquisition of human capital and the establishment of a physical infrastructure needs to be complemented by human investment the estimation is done in three ways; pooled OLS, fixed effect and random effect. The result shows that finance access matters for child health, specially the availability of BRI and BMT in village. And for child education, finance access specially the availability of BRI and BMT in village have positive impact for child education.
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Loan, Le Thi Kim, Ngo Thi Thanh Truc, and Duong Dang Khoa. "Impact of saltwater intrusion on poverty in rural households in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam." Nurture 17, no. 4 (August 29, 2023): 557–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.55951/nurture.v17i4.432.
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Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the causal relationship between saline intrusion and poverty in rural households in the Mekong Delta based on the 2018 Vietnam Household Living Standard Survey data.
Design/Methodology/Approach: A sample of 344 rural households in the Mekong Delta is used to analyze the causal relationship between saline intrusion and poverty through income. This study employed the Ordinary Least Squares method and the oprobit model to investigate the causal relationship between saline intrusion and rural household income. Finally, this study estimates the impact of saline intrusion on poverty using different propensity score matching methods.
Findings: 1) Saltwater intrusion has a significant negative impact on the income of rural households, making households more likely to fall into the lower income group; 2) Saltwater intrusion has a greater negative impact on the incomes of poorer households than non-poor households, while also having a negative impact on households with low education and farming; and 3) By reducing household income as well as income from farming activities, infiltration increases the risk of poverty for rural households and reduces the household's ability to escape poverty.
Conclusion: This study demonstrates how saltwater intrusion affects household poverty by reducing income and raising the likelihood that households will fall below the Vietnamese government's designated poverty income threshold.
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Banda, Fredrick Mangwaya, and Abdi-Khalil Edriss. "Analysis of Demand for Fish in Urban Malawi." International Review of Management and Marketing 13, no. 5 (September 12, 2023): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.32479/irmm.14529.
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The purpose of this study was to find the drivers of demand for various fish species in urban Malawi. Previous demand studies on the fisheries sector in Malawi have, mainly, treated fish as a homogenous commodity thereby making information regarding households’ general consumption patterns for different fish species scanty. This study, therefore, concentrates on the disaggregated analysis of the demand for the major fish species caught and consumed in Malawi. It focuses on fish from both capture fishery and aquaculture sub-sectors namely; Engraulicypris sardella (usipa), Copadichromis spp (utaka), Lethrinops spp (kambuzi); Clarias gariepinus (mlamba); Rhamphochromis spp (mcheni); Barbus Paludinosus (matemba); and Lake Malawi tilapia (chambo). It employs primary data collected from the households in Blantyre city using a multistage stratified random sampling method. Results show that the demand for usipa is influenced by a household’s location in a high-density area, and has low-income levels. Utaka, on the other hand, is positively influenced by the age of the household head and the number of people employed in the household while chambo is positively influenced by the high education level of the household head, high-income levels, and the household’s location in the high-density areas. The study has also found that mcheni and mlamba are positively influenced by income levels while the demand for matemba is positively the household head’s state of being married but it is negatively influenced by the number of children in the household. Policy implications arising from this study are that in the course of carrying out market segmentation, the fish marketers in Malawi must concentrate on selling usipa to households in high-density areas and focus on households with low-income levels. The selling of utaka while chambo should mainly be sold to households whose heads have high education, have high-income levels, and are located in high-density areas.
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Cheng, Xueyan, and Liang Zhang. "Health Service Needs from a Household Perspective: An Empirical Study in Rural Empty Nest Families in Sinan and Dangyang, China." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 2 (January 6, 2022): 628. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19020628.
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This study aimed to explore the health service needs of empty nest families from a household perspective. A multistage random sampling strategy was conducted to select 1606 individuals in 803 empty nest households in this study. A questionnaire was used to ask each individual about their health service needs in each household. The consistency rate was calculated based on their consistent answers to the questionnaire. We used a collective household model to analyze individuals’ public health service needs on the family level. According to the results, individuals’ consistency rates of health service needs in empty nest households, such as diagnosis and treatment service (H1), chronic disease management service (H2), telemedicine care (H3), physical examination service (H4), health education service (H5), mental healthcare (H6), and traditional Chinese medicine service (H7) were 40.30%, 89.13%, 98.85%, 58.93%, 57.95%, 72.84%, and 63.40%, respectively. Therefore, family-level health service needs could be studied from a family level. Health service needs of H1, H3, H4, H5, and H7 for individuals in empty nest households have significant correlations with each other (r = 0.404, 0.177, 0.286, 0.265, 0.220, p < 0.001). This will be helpful for health management in primary care in rural China; the concordance will alleviate the pressure of primary care and increase the effectiveness of doctor–patient communication. Health service needs in empty nest households who took individuals’ public needs as household needs (n = 746) included the H4 (43.3%) and H5 (24.9%) and were always with a male householder (94.0%) or at least one had chronic diseases (82.4%). Health service needs in empty nest households that considered one member’s needs as household needs (n = 46) included the H1 (56.5%), H4 (65.2%), H5 (63.0%), and H7 (45.7%), and the member would be the householder of the family (90.5%) or had a disease within two weeks (100.0%). In conclusion, family members’ roles and health status play an important role in health service needs in empty nest households. Additionally, physical examination and health education services are the two health services that are most needed by empty nest households, and are suitable for delivering within a household unit.
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Sulistyo, Anang, Khaerunnisa, and Suhaena. "Food Security and Welfare Of Lowland Rice Farmers Analysis In The Border Area Of North Kalimantan." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1083, no. 1 (September 1, 2022): 012015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1083/1/012015.
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Abstract Household welfare is related to the fulfillment of basic human needs, namely food so that household welfare is related to food security. Household (family) food security can be defined as the ability of the family to access food properly to provide for the lives of family members. This research was conducted in Binalawan Village, West Sebatik District, North Kalimantan Province. This study aims to, (1) determine the income of rice farming (2) determine the contribution of rice farming income to total household income (3) determine the food security of farm households and (4) determine the welfare of rice farmers’ households. The method of determining the sample in this study using purposive sampling with the number of respondents as 42 farmers. The analysis used is the analysis of farm costs, revenues, income, contribution of farm income, analysis of food security (TSP) and analysis of food welfare. The results showed that the income of rice farming was Rp. 2,008,644.50 per year. The contribution of rice farming income to total household income is 4.737%. The household food security of rice farmers is 1.58, which means that the household’s ability to meet the food consumption needs of rice farming products can meet the needs of rice equivalent. Welfare of farmer households with a purchasing power level of 2.02 and a GSR of 1.44 which means that the economy of rice farmers’ households is classified as less prosperous.
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Huang, Tsung, Xin Xu, and Tsun-Feng Chiang. "Household Expectations for Future Economy and Risk-Taking Attitudes." Journal of Financial Counseling and Planning 27, no. 1 (2016): 109–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1052-3073.27.1.109.
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The purpose of this study is to examine factors associated with households’ willingness to take financial risks, particularly the effect of households’ expectations. The data used in this study are the Survey of Consumer Finances 2007 by which researchers can examine the household financial issues before the financial crisis. By employing multinomial logit regression, the new finding of this study is that when the households expect that the future economy will be better, they are not willing to take either no or substantial financial risk. This study uses the uncertainty theory with the timing of the survey to interpret this seemingly unintuitive result. Other findings are that age, more working people in a household, male, education, and majority race are household characteristics positively affecting the probability of the household’s willingness to take average and above average financial risks.
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Yang, Li Xia. "A Logit Model Based Study on the Influencing Factors on Farm Household’s Adoption of Soil Testing and Formula Fertilizing Technology: A Case of Four Towns." Applied Mechanics and Materials 675-677 (October 2014): 985–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.675-677.985.
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Based on the survey data collected from 208 farm households of Zhili, Balidian, Huanzhu and Baique, 4 towns of Wuxing district of Huzhou city in Taihu Basin, this paper quantitatively analyzed the influencing factors on farm household’s adoption behavior of soil testing and formula fertilizing technology (STFFT) by using Logit Model. The results showed: (1) The significant favorable influencing factors are household head’s education level, is he/she a farmer cooperative member, has he/she been trained (technically), Has he/she received instructive card of STFFT, and whether or not the household is the STFFT demonstration household; (2) While the high ratio of non-farm income level has a significant negative effect; (3) The household head’s age and multi-operation behavior, farm land scale, and fragmentation of land plots have not significant affection. Based these analysis some related incentive policies about the households’ adoption of STFFT were put forward.
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Hoogeveen, Hans, and Remco Oostendorp. "On the use of cost-benefit analysis for the evaluation of farm household investments in natural resource conservation." Environment and Development Economics 8, no. 2 (April 23, 2003): 331–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x0300172.
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Farm households in developing countries are generally credit constrained. This forces them to simultaneously take production and consumption decisions. In this paper, a two-period lifecycle model of the farm household is constructed and the household's investment response to changes in land and agricultural output prices are derived theoretically. It is shown that in the absence of credit markets household responses to exogenous price changes may differ from the predictions of cost–benefit analysis. Farm household responses are also derived for the case where price increases for land and agricultural output are accompanied by the introduction of a credit market. For this case the results show that farm household reactions are in accordance with predictions made by cost–benefit analysis. An empirical case study from Bénin underscores the relevance of considering access to credit in establishing whether investments in soil conservation are beneficial to farm households.
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Dunga, Steven Henry. "A Gender and Marital Status Analysis of Household Income in a Low-Income Township." Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai Oeconomica 62, no. 1 (April 25, 2017): 20–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/subboec-2017-0002.
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Abstract The analysis of income at household level is highly important for understanding the poverty and for supporting the efforts to deal with poverty. Poverty measures can be calculated from a multitude of approaches. A common approach is to use household income and draw a minimum level of income required for a household to be considered above or below poverty. This paper looked at income at household level from a gender perspective and a marital status perspective in order to draw conclusions of the nature of household’s characteristics that are associated with higher or lower income as a proxy for poverty. Based on data collected in a low income township in South Africa, the regression analysis was applied to investigate the differences between different marital statuses and gender and how they are associated with different levels of income. The regression results reveal that female headed households have, on average, lower incomes compared to male headed households, and also, that married heads of households have higher incomes compared to the single, divorced, and widowed. The widowed had the lowest average income.
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JERYANA, I. PUTU, I. PUTU EKA NILA KENCANA, and G. K. GANDHIADI. "MODEL REGRESI TOBIT KONSUMSI SUSU CAIR PABRIK (Studi Kasus Rumah Tangga di Provinsi Bali)." E-Jurnal Matematika 3, no. 2 (May 31, 2014): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/mtk.2014.v03.i02.p068.
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Regression analysis is used to study the relationship between dependent (response) variable with one or more independent (causal) variables. While response data were censored, then Tobit regression model could be applied. According to Greene (2003), censored data were data with incomplete observation or the dependent variable has a value of zero, while for the other observations have particular value. This research aimed to model dairy milk’s consumption from households at Bali Province. By using data from Survey SosialEkonomiNasional (SUSENAS) or Social Economy’s National Survey (SENS) for year 2012, 615 households were selected as sampling unit using simple random sampling technique, and found 123 households who consumed dairy milk. The independent variables in our model were last education level completed by head of household’s (X1), head of household’s work (X2), age of head of household’s (X3), amount of expenditure for food consumption’s (X4), number of household members (X5), and household income (X6), the response variable was budget for buying dairy milk (Y). From six independent variables, is found only last education level by head household and amount of expenditure for food consumption had siginficant effect on Y’s. The final Tobit regression model were obtained using AIC (Akaike Information Criterion) method is Y = -3314724 + 565429,7 X1 + 0,014278 X4 with pseudo R2 as much as 16.79 per cent.
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Nyikahadzoi, Kefasi, Byron Zamasiya, George Alex Muchinako, and Charles Dziro. "Enhancing Social Support System for Improving Food Security Among the Elderly Headed Household in Communal Areas of Zimbabwe." Journal of Food Research 2, no. 3 (May 14, 2013): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jfr.v2n3p46.
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The study sought to establish factors that contribute towards food security among elderly headed households and then seek ways of enhancing them. The study was conducted in Mudzi District in Mashonaland East Province of Zimbabwe. Data was collected from wards 11, 12 and 16. The study used cross sectional household data collected using a structured questionnaire. Two measures of food security are used; namely household food insecurity access score and household dietary diversity score. The results showed that food insecurity access score was statistically higher for elderly headed household when compared to those headed by younger people. The study revealed that social capital, remittances, and off farm income generating projects can increase the elderly headed household’s likelihood of being food secure. The study also showed that public assistance is not making a positive contribution towards food security of elderly headed household. This paper argues that it is important for government and civil society to promote social capital and support channels of remittances to elderly headed households in communal areas.
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Indrayani, Putu Emy, Dyah Suryani, Prisilia Oktaviyani, Suyitno Suyitno, Sagung Putri ME Purwani, and Ni Ketut Supasti Dharmawan. "Government's Policies on the Prevention of COVID-19 Transmission Impacting Household Food Security in Indonesia." Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA 9, no. 9 (September 25, 2023): 499–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9i9.4413.
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Household food security is an essential issue for a country and has become a national issue in poor and developing countries worldwide during the COVID-19 pandemic. Various problems could arise if household food-nutrition needs are not met. This study aims to explore factors related to household food security during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. A systematic literature review that was used twelve articles. Three electronic databases (Google Scholar, ProQuest, and ScienceDirect) were used to find the articles between January 2020 to April 2023. The original articles were selected based on the PRISMA-P flowchart model. The results show the socio-demographic (sex of household’s head, age, education, literacy) and socio-economic (occupation, income, wealth, area of living) factors influencing household food security. Households having a male head of household, good literacy, and an adequate economy have a significant effect on having nutritious food security during COVID-19 pandemic. These findings recommend that the central government of Indonesia provide financial assistance to food-insecure households, improve access to food, and promote healthy food products