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Journal articles on the topic 'Household welfare'
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1
Khusaini, Mohamad, Ferry Prasetyia, and Yennie Dwi Rozanti. "Determinants of Household Poverty Status in Kediri City." Journal of Indonesian Applied Economics 9, no. 2 (August 1, 2021): 36–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.jiae.009.02.05.
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Analyses of the causes and the characteristics of poverty at micro levels provide more efficient strategies for the attainment of main Sustainable Development Goals. This study aimed to analyze the extent to which the characteristics of individuals, households, and communities influence the probability of household poverty status. The 2019 Social Welfare Integrated Data and Village Potential Data of Kediri City were analyzed using an ordered logit regression model and then interpreted based on marginal effect calculation. The study found that household heads’ squared-age, household members’ education, household members’ occupation, household head gender (female), ownership of assets, access to the internet, access to proper sanitation, and access to financial institutions reduced the probability of households being categorized as very poor and poor. This finding indicated that household productivity influenced by the household head’s characteristics in managing productive assets, supported by access to infrastructure, could increase the household's welfare. However, the household head’s age and marital status, dependency ratio, and access to health facilities increased household’s probability of being very poor and poor. Policies regarding poverty must be adjusted to the poverty characteristics and status. Improving access, equalizing education, and improving job opportunity and infrastructure management that ensure accessibility and enhancement in service quality need to be made to increase the status of households with the lowest 40% welfare in Kediri City. Policies regarding poverty should be focused more on social programs for very poor and poor households. Meanwhile, those near-poor and vulnerable-to-poor need more empowering programs.
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Manh Quach, Hao. "Does access to finance improve household welfare?" Investment Management and Financial Innovations 13, no. 2 (June 3, 2016): 76–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/imfi.13(2).2016.08.
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In this paper, the author develops an econometric framework to analyze the effect of access to credit on the economic welfare of households in Vietnam. The findings confirm that household credit contributes positively and significantly to the economic welfare of households in terms of per capita expenditure, per capita food expenditure and per capita non-food expenditure. The positive effect of credit on household economic welfare is observed regardless of whether they are poor or better-off households. The author also finds that credit has a greater positive effect on the economic welfare of poorer households and finds that the age of the household head, the household size, land ownership, and savings and the availability of credit at village level are key factors that affect household borrowing. Some policy implications are drawn
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Atamja, Louis, and Sungjoon Yoo. "Credit Constraint and Rural Household Welfare in the Mezam Division of the North-West Region of Cameroon." Sustainability 13, no. 11 (May 25, 2021): 5964. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13115964.
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The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of the rural household’s head and household characteristics on credit accessibility. This study also seeks to investigate how credit constraint affects rural household welfare in the Mezam division of the North-West region of Cameroon. Using data from a household survey questionnaire, we found that 36.88% of the households were credit-constrained, while 63.13% were unconstrained. A probit regression model was used to examine the determinants of households’ credit access, while an endogenous switching regression model was used to analyze the impact of credit constraint on household welfare. The results from the probit regression model indicate the importance of the farmer’s or trader’s organization membership, occupation, and savings to the household’s likelihood of being credit-constrained. On the other hand, a prediction from the endogenous switching regression model confirms that households with access to credit have a better standard of welfare than a constrained household. From the results, it is necessary for the government to subsidize microfinance institutions, so that they can take on the risk of offering credit to rural households.
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Rozanti, Yennie Dwi, Mohamad Khusaini, and Ferry Prasetyia. "Determinants of Household Poverty Status in Kediri City." Journal of Indonesian Applied Economics 9, no. 2 (2021): 36–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.jiae.2021.009.02.5.
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Analyses of the causes and the characteristics of poverty at micro levels provide more efficient strategies for the attainment of main Sustainable Development Goals. This study aimed to analyze the extent to which the characteristics of individuals, households, and communities influence the probability of household poverty status. The 2019 Social Welfare Integrated Data and Village Potential Data of Kediri City were analyzed using an ordered logit regression model and then interpreted based on marginal effect calculation. The study found that household heads’ squared-age, household members’ education, household members’ occupation, household head gender (female), ownership of assets, access to the internet, access to proper sanitation, and access to financial institutions reduced the probability of households being categorized as very poor and poor. This finding indicated that household productivity influenced by the household head’s characteristics in managing productive assets, supported by access to infrastructure, could increase the household's welfare. However, the household head’s age and marital status, dependency ratio, and access to health facilities increased household’s probability of being very poor and poor. Policies regarding poverty must be adjusted to the poverty characteristics and status. Improving access, equalizing education, and improving job opportunity and infrastructure management that ensure accessibility and enhancement in service quality need to be made to increase the status of households with the lowest 40% welfare in Kediri City. Policies regarding poverty should be focused more on social programs for very poor and poor households. Meanwhile, those near-poor and vulnerable-to-poor need more empowering programs.
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Salam, Shakila, Siegfried Bauer, and Md Salauddin Palash. "Impact of income diversification on rural livelihood in some selected areas of Bangladesh." Journal of the Bangladesh Agricultural University 17, no. 1 (March 28, 2019): 73–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v17i1.40666.
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Diverse set of income generating activities may have varying effect on household’s welfare situation. This study intends to assess the extent of different income diversification strategies on rural household welfare. A total sample of 153 households from three districts of Bangladesh was randomly selected. Considering simultaneous causality between different livelihood strategies and welfare indicators, the Two Stage Least Square (2SLS) methods with instrumental variable was applied to estimate impact of the strategies on household welfare. Household per capita expenditure was treated as the welfare indicator which includes both food and non-food expenditures. The findings show that involving in any type of non-farm activities jointly with farming has a significantly positive effect on the household’s welfare. Among different non-farm activities, participation in wage employment and migration along with agricultural activities ensured significantly higher per capita household expenditure. On the other hand, the impact of currently participation in only agricultural activities on household expenditure is insignificant. Besides, Farm size, higher education and infrastructural facilities also play an important role in improving household’s welfare. Therefore, policy should be directed to create opportunities to participate in non-farm activities through establishment of small and medium industries, especially agro-based industries in the rural areas.
 J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 17(1): 73–79, March 2019
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Sulistyo, Anang, Khaerunnisa, and Suhaena. "Food Security and Welfare Of Lowland Rice Farmers Analysis In The Border Area Of North Kalimantan." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1083, no. 1 (September 1, 2022): 012015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1083/1/012015.
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Abstract Household welfare is related to the fulfillment of basic human needs, namely food so that household welfare is related to food security. Household (family) food security can be defined as the ability of the family to access food properly to provide for the lives of family members. This research was conducted in Binalawan Village, West Sebatik District, North Kalimantan Province. This study aims to, (1) determine the income of rice farming (2) determine the contribution of rice farming income to total household income (3) determine the food security of farm households and (4) determine the welfare of rice farmers’ households. The method of determining the sample in this study using purposive sampling with the number of respondents as 42 farmers. The analysis used is the analysis of farm costs, revenues, income, contribution of farm income, analysis of food security (TSP) and analysis of food welfare. The results showed that the income of rice farming was Rp. 2,008,644.50 per year. The contribution of rice farming income to total household income is 4.737%. The household food security of rice farmers is 1.58, which means that the household’s ability to meet the food consumption needs of rice farming products can meet the needs of rice equivalent. Welfare of farmer households with a purchasing power level of 2.02 and a GSR of 1.44 which means that the economy of rice farmers’ households is classified as less prosperous.
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Asmare, Fissha, Hailemariam Teklewold, and Alemu Mekonnen. "The effect of climate change adaptation strategy on farm households welfare in the Nile basin of Ethiopia." International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management 11, no. 4 (August 19, 2019): 518–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijccsm-10-2017-0192.
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Purpose This study aims to examine the effect of crop diversification (CD), as a climate change adaptation strategy, on farm household’s welfare in terms of farm income and demand for labor. It explores whether adoption of CD is a win-win strategy on household income and demand for on-farm labor. It also examines the determinants of rural household’s net farm income and family labor demand. Design/methodology/approach A household-plot level data were collected in 2015 from 929 rural farm households and 4,778 plots in the Nile Basin of Ethiopia. The data comprise farm and household characteristics accompanied by geo-referenced climate data such as long-term average temperature and amount and variability of growing season rainfall. The authors estimate an endogenous switching regression model to measure the effect of CD on the farm household’s welfare, using net farm income and household labor demand as a welfare indicator. Findings The results indicate heterogeneous effects of climate variables on farm income between adopters and non-adopters of CD. The study also confirms the win-win effect of adoption of CD with a positive and significant effect on farm income and a reduction in demand for on-farm labor. The results suggest that adoption of CD helps improve the well-being of farm households and build a resilient agricultural system. Research limitations/implications As the study used a cross-sectional data, it is limited to show the time effect of practicing CD on the household’s welfare. Originality/value First, the authors investigate, to their knowledge for the first time, the existence of synergy or tradeoff in the effect of CD on two dimensions of rural households’ welfare (net farm income and labor demand). Second, they investigate the heterogeneous effect of climate change adaptation strategies on the farm household’s welfare between adopters and non-adopters. This is unlike previous studies that consider climate change adaptation strategies as having a homogeneous effect. However, this approach is inappropriate since the effect of adaptation strategies is different for adopters and non-adopters.
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Andini, Cindy Puri, Wuryaningsih Dwi Sayekti, and Fembriarti Erry Prasmatiwi. "PENDAPATAN DAN TINGKAT KESEJAHTERAAN RUMAH TANGGA PETAMBAK UDANG VANAME EKS PLASMA PT CENTRALPERTIWI BAHARI DESA BRATASENA ADIWARNA." Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Agribisnis 8, no. 1 (August 5, 2020): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jiia.v8i1.4350.
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This research aims to analyze household income, welfare, and factors that influence the household welfare of vaname cultivators ex-plasma PT Centralpertiwi Bahari. Data of this research was collected in Bratasena Adiwarna village in February 2018. Samples in this research were 70 shrimp cultivators households. Determination of samples with simple random sampling. Primary data was obtained by interviewing respondens, while secondary data was obtained from several related institution. Household income consists of shrimp income, nonshrimp, off-farm and nonfarm income. Household welfare level was analyzed by the Sajogyo criteria and poverty line according to BPS Lampung (2017). The factors that influence household welfare was analyzed by binary logistic regression. The research result showed that the average shrimp income in period I, II, and III were Rp7,986,264; Rp13,868,109; and Rp27,334,963; average household income was Rp64,902,569.00 per year, which was obtained from 70 percent of shrimp income, 10 percent of nonshrimp income, 2 percent of off-farm income, and 18 percent of nonfarm income. The household welfare level based on the Sajogyo indicator showed that 37 percent of household were in moderate and 63 percent were in decent living class, while the BPS poverty line shows that all of households were classified as nonpoor. The level of household welfare of ex-plasma PT Centralpertiwi Bahari was influenced by household income, and household dependents.Key words: income, vaname shrimp cultivator, welfare
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Cao, Bo, Hongge Zhu, Zhenhuan Chen, Zhijie Song, Xianqiao Huang, and Bo Yu. "Evaluating Household Welfare in Participation of China’s Natural Forest Protection Program: A Dual Perspective of Income Welfare and Material Welfare." Forests 14, no. 6 (May 31, 2023): 1140. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f14061140.
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This paper presents novel empirical evidence on the welfare impacts of forest protection programs, focusing on both income and material welfare at the household level. Specifically, we conduct a household survey of 1271 households in forestry communities that participate in the Natural Forest Protection Program (NFPP) in China. The survey data are collected from 56 state forest enterprises (SFEs) across three provinces in China. We employ the Alkire–Foster method to calculate and decompose the material deprivation index based on household income levels. Our analysis reveals that forestry communities exhibit a significant proportion of households in low-income welfare states, comprising nearly one-fourth (25.41%) of the sample. Furthermore, we observe that the percentage of households in a low-material welfare state is nearly one-fifth (21.70%), with 7.79% of households experiencing both low-income and low-material welfare. Importantly, we find that welfare disparities persist across population subgroups based on occupation and geography. In addition, we assess the impact of the NFPP on household welfare outcomes and identify an elite group of technicians residing in urban communities down the hill who experience positive welfare effects from the program. These findings provide critical insights beyond a single welfare dimension and contribute to the growing literature on evaluating forest protection policies. Furthermore, the results offer valuable lessons for designing and implementing forest protection programs in other developing countries.
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Shibairo, Peter, Deus Ngaruko, and Nelson Wawire. "Influence of Devolved Enterprise Funds on Household Welfare in Kenya." International Journal of Economics 8, no. 1 (May 26, 2023): 85–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.47604/ijecon.1985.
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Purpose: Devolved enterprise funds would contribute to increased entrepreneurship and household welfare in Kenya, leading to reduced poverty levels and improved living standards. The extent of the impact of devolved enterprise funds on household welfare in Kenya is uncertain. Despite the funds being available, many entrepreneurs in Kenya still struggle to access capital and other resources needed to start and grow their businesses. This has limited the potential benefits of devolved enterprise funds on household welfare. This study investigated the influence of devolved enterprise funds on household welfare in Kenya.
 Methodology: The study employed a non-experimental pooled cross-sectional research design. The study targeted the households listed in the 2015/2016 Kenya Integrated Household Budget Survey which indicated the residence of households’ owners from which a random sample of 384 households was generated using the Fisher’s formula. Cross sectional data were collected from selected households using structured questionnaire. Random utility maximization theory was used to determine people’s choice, preferences and decision making. Simple linear regression model was used to estimate the relationship between variables. The data was presented in tables.
 Findings: Findings revealed that devolved enterprise funds had a significant positive influence on household welfare in Kenya. Therefore, household welfare will improve if devolved enterprise funds positively influence the welfare of many households in Kenya.
 Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study recommends that efforts should be made to simplify and streamline the application and disbursement processes for enterprise funds, particularly for women and youth entrepreneurs who may face additional barriers to accessing funds.
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Jha, Jaya, and Edward J. Kelley. "Returns to Relationships: Social Capital and Household Welfare in India." Social Sciences 12, no. 3 (March 17, 2023): 184. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci12030184.
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Sociological scholarship, economic theory, and empirical studies all indicate that interpersonal relationships are valuable productive assets and deserve to be formally incorporated into the study of human development. This paper employs the India Human Development Survey to examine, using OLS and logistic regressions, the impact of different dimensions of social capital on multiple proxies for household welfare. Social capital in the form of memberships in local community organizations and social network connections has a statistically and economically significant association with household consumption expenditures, physical asset ownership, and the probability of a household living in poverty. Households that are members of any formal community organization are expected to have higher monthly per capita consumption expenditures than households without any memberships. Estimates of a similar magnitude are observed when modeling a household’s stock of physical assets, a longer-term indicator of economic welfare. These indicators of social capital are also significantly associated with lower odds of a household living below the poverty line. Organizational memberships and social networks are also associated with considerably higher odds of a household assessing its own economic situation positively. Overall, social capital is a catalyst for increasing household welfare along multiple dimensions, and, therefore, a critical area of focus for economists, sociologists, development practitioners, and policymakers.
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Novita, Sri, Yusma Damayanti, and Dewi Sri Nurchaini. "Analysis Of The Welfare Level of Farmer Households Oil Palm Farmers In Pemayung Sub-District Batanghari District." JALOW | Journal of Agribusiness and Local Wisdom 7, no. 2 (April 8, 2025): 14–19. https://doi.org/10.22437/jalow.v7i2.42172.
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The level of welfare can be measured by the amount of consumption for household expenditure. This study aims to: 1) determine the level of income and household expenditure of smallholder oil palm farmers, 2) analyze the level of household welfare of smallholder oil palm farmers. The research was conducted in Pemayung District, Batanghari Regency, Jambi Province. The overall research time was conducted for one calendar month. The research objects include: income, household expenditure and welfare level. The research variables consisted of 1) household income sourced from oil palm farm income, non-oil palm farm income and outside farming, 2) welfare level of BPS 2022 indicators (population, health and nutrition, education, employment, consumption levels and patterns, housing and environment, poverty and other social). Respondents were taken purposively in each village with a total of 41 households. Data were analyzed by classifying welfare levels based on eight indicators. The results showed that 1) The average income of respondent households in the study area averaged Rp.3,281,951/month while household non-food expenditure amounted to Rp1,402,003/month and average food expenditure amounted to Rp1,231,250/month, 2) The average welfare level of oil palm farmers in Pemayung Subdistrict is in the category of moderate welfare level, namely as many as 16 farmers or 39.02%. Keywords: oil palm farmer, households, welfare level, Statistics Indonesia indicators
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Jalil, Shehla, and Danish Wadood Alam. "An Analysis of Child Labor and its Subjective Well-being: Evidence from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan." Empirical Economic Review 5, no. 2 (December 30, 2022): 88–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.29145/eer.52.05.
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This study investigates the determinants of child labor, the factors that constitute the welfare of child labor, and the factors that determine the welfare of child labor by providing evidence from three major populated districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), namely, Mardan, Peshawar, and Swat. This employs a structured questionnaire methodology and collects data from 200 households in each district. The research further applies Probit model to estimate the determinants of child labor and finds that income level of household, household head’s employment, household head’s education, joint family structure, and residence in urban location reduces the likelihood of child labor. However, household’s head age, household’ size, debt, and economic shock increase the likelihood of child labor. Additionally, this study uses Rees Good Childhood index to measure and compare the welfare of child labor and non-child labor. The findings suggest that child labor has a lower welfare level as compared to non-child labor. Finally, the OLS technique is applied to estimate the determinants of the welfare of child labor. The findings suggest that the wage of child, safety measures at the workplace, leisure, age, and education promote the welfare of child labor. However, the number of working hours, abuse, and hazardous work, adversely affect welfare of child labor.
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Werry Darta Taifur, Fery Andrianus, Syafruddin Karimi, Melinda Noer,. "Welfare Analysis of Households Involved in Involuntary Resettlement in Koto Panjang." International Journal of Agricultural Sciences 2, no. 1 (April 8, 2018): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/ijasc.2.1.48-53.2018.
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It has been said that development requires sacrifice. This has been the experience of households living in Koto Panjang, Sumatra, Indonesia. Because of new dam construction, they have had to move to new settlements provided by the government. The displaced community consists of 4868 families from 10 villages. Many problems have arisen due to this removal. This study examines the influence of household participation and compensation on household welfare by using a Structural Equation Model. The sample consisted of 360 household heads from 12 villages in Koto Panjang whose households had been moved. The results show that compensation positively and significantly affected household welfare, while household participation could not be proven to affect household welfare.
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Kadili, Wabomba. "Socio-economic and demographic factors on welfare among households in Mbale district, Uganda." African multidisciplinary Journal of Development 12, no. 3 (December 10, 2023): 273–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.59568/amjd-2023-12-3-21.
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In Bungokho Sub County, Mbale District, Eastern Uganda, the study examined the impact of socioeconomic and demographic factors on welfare among households. A self-administered questionnaire was used to gather data from a sample of 184 houses based on a descriptive study methodology. The household welfare was assessed and estimated using the Possession Score Index. Software from STATA and the Statistical Package for Social Sciences were used to process and analyze the data using regression, ANOVA, and frequency counts. The study's primary conclusions demonstrated a relationship between household employment, marital status, gender, and educational attainment and welfare in the Mbale district. The study also showed that households headed by women had lower welfare than households headed by men. The welfare of married household leaders was superior to other classifications. Household heads with ages under 35 and over 45 showed low welfare. The welfare of employed family heads, like civil servants, was superior to that of households headed by peasants and casual laborers. Compared to household heads with certificates and those without any formal education, those with higher education levels degrees and diplomas—were found to have better welfare. At the 5% level, variables including gender and household occupation were statistically significant (sig. value< 0.05). The majority of other variables, including household size, age, marital status, and education level, were not statistically significant at the 5% level (sig. values > 0.05), making it difficult to identify the degree of household welfare in the mbale district. According to the study, policy solutions that would improve access to high-quality education, community development, affordable healthcare, regulatory reforms, and basic service accessibility would all contribute to the welfare of the Mbale District. This finding suggests that the Ugandan government has to improve and expedite rural area development, particularly in the district of Mbale's less developed parts. Better rural development would therefore draw more opportunities to expand rural economic activity and raise the standard of living in the community.
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Robert Alex, Watema Joash. "Improving Household Welfare Through Income Diversity." African Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development 6, no. 2 (June 26, 2023): 121–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.52589/ajesd-ytbgwcwg.
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Accepting income diversity by households is regarded as a crucial step in breaking the vicious cycle of poverty. The study aims to investigate the empirical relationship between household welfare and income diversity. We examine the effects of potential endogeneity brought on by selection bias using instrumental variable static panel model regression. The Uganda National Panel Survey waves were used in the study. The results demonstrate that having a variety of sources of income significantly improves household welfare. The findings further revealed that household welfare is significantly predicted by the household head's education while living in the eastern or northern regions has a negative effect on welfare relative to living in the central region. The methods employed in this research were unable to adequately describe the subjective nature of welfare. Future studies may consider taking a pragmatic approach. The utilization of both primary and secondary data for further research may reveal amazing results. In contrast to past research that only used expenditure as a proxy for welfare, the research study advances the literature on welfare by demonstrating the impact of income diversity on household welfare as measured by poverty status and consumption expenditure. The study extends the welfare theory by showing how diversity of income enhances household welfare using a sample of households in Uganda, a developing economy.
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Triyono and Ayu Berliani Arifianikmah. "Household Welfare of Rice-fish Farmers: An Income-Expenditure Ratio Approach." E3S Web of Conferences 595 (2024): 01027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202459501027.
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The increase in agricultural land conversion activities can cause a decrease in rice productivity, while food demand is increasing. One of the alternatives that can be sought is land intensification through the rice-fish farming system. This study aims to determine the household income of farmers, household expenditures of farmers, and the welfare of households of rice mina farmers. The research was carried out in Candibinangun Village, which was determined by purposive, with a sample of 35 respondents taken by census. The analysis technique used is welfare analysis using the Good Service Ratio and the Farmer Household Income Exchange Rate, namely the household income-expenditure ratio. The results of the study show that the household income of rice-fish farmers, which is IDR 31,134,079, is greater than the household expenditure of farmers, which is IDR 22,078,686. With the contribution of mina rice farming to household income is 20.34%. Rice-fish farmer households in Candibinangun Village are categorized as prosperous based on welfare analysis using Good Service Ratio and FHIER. With a welfare value based on the Good Service Ratio of 0.98 and a welfare value based on the Farmer Household Income Exchange Rate of 1.41. However, these welfare indicators can be achieved by the contribution of income from activities outside the agricultural sector.
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Andriadi, Thomas Mayang, Fembriarti Erry Prasmatiwi, and Maya Riantini. "ANALISIS PENDAPATAN DAN TINGKAT KESEJAHTERAAN RUMAH TANGGA PETANI TEBU RAKYAT DI KECAMATAN BUNGAMAYANG KABUPATEN LAMPUNG UTARA." Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Agribisnis 9, no. 2 (February 1, 2021): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jiia.v9i1.4964.
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The objectives of this research were to find out the income of sugar cane farming, household income of sugar cane farmers, household welfare level, and factors that affect the welfare level of sugar cane farmer households in Bungamayang Sub-District. The location was determined purposively, considering that Bungamayang Sub-District has been the center of sugar cane production in North Lampung Regency. The number of respondents in this research were 54 farmers taken randomly. Data were collected in April -May 2019. The analytical method used for the first and second objectives was farm analysis, the third objective used Sajogyo welfare level analysis and the fourth objective used binary logit analysis. The study shows that average income of sugar cane farming is IDR23,161,313.80/hectare. Average annual household income is IDR44,295,593.33 and the contribution of sugar cane farming income to household income is 57.52 percent. Based on the criteria of Sajogyo, sugar cane farmer households are included in the sufficient category. Household income positively affects welfare level, while the number of family members negatively affects the welfare level of sugar cane farmers in Bungamayang Sub-District.Key words: farmer households, income, sugar cane, welfare level
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Tran, Minh Chau, Christopher E. C. Gan, and Baiding Hu. "Credit constraints and their impact on farm household welfare." International Journal of Social Economics 43, no. 8 (August 8, 2016): 782–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijse-11-2014-0243.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to identify factors affecting formal credit constraint status of rural farm households in Vietnam’s North Central Coast (NCC) region. Design/methodology/approach – Using the direct elicitation method (DEM), the authors consider both internal and external credit rationing. Findings – Empirical evidences confirm the importance of household head’s age, gender and education to household’s likelihood of being credit constrained. In addition, households who have advantages in farm land size, labour resources and non-farm income are less likely to be credit constrained. Poor households are observed to remain restricted by formal credit institutions. Results from the endogenous switching regression model suggest that credit constraints negatively impact household’s consumption per capita and informal credit can act as a substitute to mitigate the negative influence of formal credit constraints. Research limitations/implications – One limitation arises from the usage of the DEM to identify credit constrained households. The method cannot detect effective and ineffective constraints. Another limitation is the inability of cross-section data to capture long-term impacts of credit constraints on household welfare. Finally, causes of credit constraints from the lender’s view cannot be observed. Practical implications – The results suggest that it is necessary to enhance the credit allocation regime to reduce the transaction cost and provide target households with sufficient credit. It should be emphasized that high transaction cost and the mismatch between credit demand and supply stemming from information asymmetry. The government can help formal financial institutions to reduce information cost by encouraging the active role of social organizations such as Women Unions, Youth Unions and Veteran Unions in bridging rural farm households with formal lenders. Originality/value – There are limited studies focusing on determinants of credit constraints and their impacts on rural farm households. To the best of the knowledge, there is no study evaluating the impact of credit constraints on rural farm household welfare particularly in Vietnam. In addition, the studies related to credit constraints only considered full quantity rationing (households applied for the loan but were rejected), omitting the case of partly quantity rationing (loan obtained by the borrowers is less than their demand) and self-rationing.
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Adam, Echan, and Amir Halid. "Literasi keuangan dan kesejahteraan rumah tangga petani di Gorontalo." AGROMIX 13, no. 2 (September 4, 2022): 148–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.35891/agx.v13i2.2677.
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Introduction: The decline in the Farmer's Exchange Rate (NTP) index of Gorontalo Province in 2020 (96.93) compared to the before four years ago (>100) indicates a decline in farmer welfare. On the other hand, increasing financial literacy is the government's focus in realizing people's welfare. The purpose of this study was analyzed the level of financial literacy of farmer households, as well as its effect on the farmer household welfare in Gorontalo Province. Method: Sample was selected based on purposive sampling technique with a total of 120 farmer households. The data analysis technique uses a linear regression model with a dummy variable technique and adds a variable social support of the farmer's household in estimating the effect of financial literacy on the farmer's household welfare. Result: The results of this study indicate that financial literacy which consists of variable knowledge of financial institutions and ownership of savings account, has a positive and significant effect on the farmer household welfare. Farmers who have literacy and access to capital at financial institutions are predicted to be 46.57% more likely to prosper than those who do not. Likewise, farmers who have savings accounts at financial institutions are estimated to be 44.1% more likely to prosper than farmers who do not have savings account. The variable of social support of farmer households, such as: household heads’ age, number household members, and number of employed household, also affected the farmer households welfare in Gorontalo Province. Conclusion: Financial literacy determines the level of welfare of farmer households in Gorontalo Province. Efforts to increase the level of financial literacy of farmers in Gorontalo Province need to be realized in the form of financial education programs in order to support Government programs.
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Andrianus, Fery, Syafruddin Karimi, Werry Darta Taifur, and Endrizal Ridwan. "INEQUALITY AND WELFARE OF THE DISPLACED HOUSEHOLDS DUE TO THE CONSTRUCTION OF KOTO PANJANG DAM." Jurnal Antropologi: Isu-Isu Sosial Budaya 21, no. 1 (June 12, 2019): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/jantro.v21.n1.p93-101.2019.
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Displacement due to the construction of the Koto Panjang dam has an impact on household welfare. The displaced households experienced a very poor economic condition at the beginning of the displacement period. This study seeks answers to two questions: how the current welfare of the households is and how the relationship between welfare and income inequality of those households is. The study was conducted on 12 villages which are the locations of involuntary resettlement programs with a total sample of 360 households. The study used Gini index to measure income inequality and Subjective Welfare Indicator to compare household welfare. The results showed that in general, the average household income in Koto Panjang was higher than the Provincial Minimum Wage, but it was not evenly distributed in all villages. The result also showed a negative relationship between welfare and income inequality, but it cannot be used for further analysis because the correlation value is very low.
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Naz, Mariam, Syed Faizan Iftikhar, and Ambreen Fatima. "Formal financial penetration and households’ welfare in Pakistan." International Journal of Financial Engineering 07, no. 04 (December 2020): 2050041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2424786320500413.
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The studies in recent era exhibit that the financial inclusion has become a scorching issue in playing its vital role while improving the lives of vulnerable and underprivileged households’ well-being. But, the microdata impact of financial inclusion on household welfare is not being analyzed to substantial extent in Pakistan yet. Therefore, it is imperative to examine the effects of financial inclusiveness on the living standards of individuals to persuade them toward formal financial inclusion. Thus, the study attempts to explore the link between an expanded formal financial system and poverty alleviation through smooth consumption levels, providing access to credit and investment facilities to the individuals. For this purpose, the household level data of Household Integrated Economic Survey (HIES) for the time-period of 2013–2014 to evaluate the microlevel effect of formal financial inclusion, realizing solitarily for the remittance receiving households have been used. The well-being of households receiving formal financial inflows got highly affected by facilitating the remittance receivers through instant, reliable and frequent transfer of funds. Therefore, the main objective of the study is to investigate the effect of formal financial transfers on the socio-economic status of remittance receiving and nonreceiving individuals. The outcomes of the study suggest that the household welfare is greatly influenced by the formal financial inclusiveness along with other variables such as annual income, education level of the family, number of earning members, loans borrowed by the family, land and building ownership, and the head employed are found to be positively and significantly determining the household’s welfare.
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Falola, Abraham, Ridwan Mukaila, Sheu-Usman Oladipo Akanbi, Rosemary Chiamaka Nzennwa, and Shukurat Damilola Jimoh. "Youths' Contribution to Household Welfare in Rural Areas." Canadian Journal of Family and Youth / Le Journal Canadien de Famille et de la Jeunesse 15, no. 3 (April 28, 2023): 84–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/cjfy29907.
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Rural households are faced with low purchasing power, poor food consumption, and poor general well-being. Youths are economically active, which could contribute to reducing these problems and improving rural development. However, the extent to which youths contribute to improving rural household welfare has gained little attention. Thus, this study assessed youths’ contributions to household welfare and the factors influencing their contributions to household welfare. Data were collected from 180 youths using a structured questionnaire and then subjected to descriptive and multiple regression statistical analysis. The findings revealed that youths contribute significantly to rural households’ welfare. The monthly income, access to credit, association membership, gender, age, and access to remittances are responsible for the level of youths’ contributions to household welfare. The challenges that prevent youths’ contribution to household welfare in rural areas were poor government support, poor credit facilities, unemployment, lack of access to business information and lack of training opportunities and vocational programmes. Government support to rural youths through the provision of grants and loans as start-up capital is needed to empower youths to contribute to their household welfare. Also, youths should be encouraged to go for vocational training to acquire a skill that could be a vehicle for a source of income. 
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Ayunda Febri Kinanti, Muhammad Syahrul Maulana, and Muhammad Yasin. "Analisis Pola Konsumsi di Indonesia sebagai Indikator Peningkatan Kesejahteraan Masyarakat." Digital Bisnis: Jurnal Publikasi Ilmu Manajemen dan E-Commerce 3, no. 2 (April 23, 2024): 19–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.30640/digital.v3i2.2430.
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Household consumption expenditure is a key indicator that can describe the welfare of households in a region or country. Household welfare as measured by consumption is related to how the household meets its basic needs, both food and non-food. The higher the proportion of consumption expenditure for non-food, the better the standard of living or household welfare because theoretically food consumption has a maximum limit, while non-food consumption has no maximum limit (BPS, 2020).
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Putri, Mutiara, Fembriarti Erry Prasmatiwi, and Suriaty Situmorang. "ANALISIS PENDAPATAN DAN TINGKAT KESEJAHTERAAN RUMAH TANGGA PETANI LADA DI KECAMATAN ABUNG BARAT KABUPATEN LAMPUNG UTARA." Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Agribisnis 10, no. 2 (May 31, 2022): 225. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jiia.v10i2.5917.
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The purposes of this research are to find out the income of pepper farming, household income, level of household welfare, and factors that affect the welfare of pepper farmer households in Abung Barat Sub-District. The location was determined purposively with the consideration that Abung Barat Sub-District is the center of black pepper production. The number of respondents in this research is 63 respondents taken randomly. Data were collected from April to May 2019. The analytical methods used are farming analysis, the analysis of Sajogyo and Subyective welfare levels, and binary logit analysis. The results showed that average income of pepper farming is IDR8,356,590.51/year, average household income is IDR20,055,616.61/year, based on the criteria of Sajogyo 61.90 percent of the respondent pepper farmer households are included in the sufficient category, and based on the criteria subyektif that 68.25 percent of pepper farmer households are included in the sufficient category. The factors that influence the level of household welfare of pepper farmers are the number of family members and income.Key words: farmers income, pepper, welfare
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Nata, Muhammad Iqbram Aditya, Teguh Endaryanto, and Ani Suryani. "ANALISIS PENDAPATAN DAN TINGKAT KESEJAHTERAAN RUMAH TANGGA PETANIPISANG DI KECAMATAN SUMBEREJO KABUPATEN TANGGAMUS." Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Agribisnis 8, no. 4 (December 23, 2020): 600. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jiia.v8i4.4704.
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The purposes of this research were to analyze the income of banana farmer households, the level of banana farmer household’s welfare, and the factors that influence the banana farmer household’s welfare. This research was conducted at Sumbermulyo and Tegalbinangun villages of Sumberejo subdistrict ofTanggamus regency. The samples were chosen by simple random sampling method. The number of respondents in this study was 62 banana farmers. The data were collected in March 2019. The method of data analysis used in this study was quantitative and qualitative descriptive analysis. The results showed that average household income of banana farmers in Sumberejo of Tanggamus Regency was IDR32,763,337.90 per year. It came from banana farming (on farm) amounting to IDR17,497,289.52 and from outside the banana farming (on farm, off farm and non farm) amounting to IDR15,266,048.38. Based on BPS (2014) criteria, banana farmers household at Sumberejo District were mostly categorized as prosperous farmers families. Based on the regression analysis using binary logit there were two factors influencing the prosperity grade of banana farmers, they are household income and the number of family members.Key words: banana farmers, farmer household’s welfare, income
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Shaeba, Mashrura Kabir, Fariha Farjana, and Subrata Kumar Datta. "Leaving Country for Living: Household Level Welfare Assessment from the Destination Preference Lens in Bangladesh." International Journal of Economics and Finance 12, no. 4 (March 30, 2020): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijef.v12n4p106.
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Down memory lane of the economy of Bangladesh, international migration has been a pillar to the economy. Firstly, the study deals with the factors affecting destination preference of the migrant-sending household and then it tries to screne out the impact of international migration on the household welfare from the lens of diversified destination preferences. Considering sample size of 3782 household, the study conducted the entire research with the secondary data of Household Income and Expenditure Survey Bangladesh, 2016. Sorting the migrated countries among seven regions, Multinomial Logistic Regression has been used to find out the determinants behind migrants&rsquo; destination preferences. Additionally, to measure the household welfare based on migrant&rsquo;s destination preference, the Ordinary Least Squares regression model and Quantile regression model have been used. Therefore, the result exhibits that migrant characteristic like age, gender, years of schooling, and household characteristics like heads&rsquo; age, sex, schooling year, region, and earning status plays a significant role in deciding the migration destination. It is also evident that economic and subjective welfare varies among the households for sending migrants in different regions. Total expenditure and wealth index decrease to the households who send migrants to South-East Asia rather than Middle-East. The wealth score is higher for the households who send migrants to Europe, North-America, and Oceania over Middle-East. Subjective welfare index also varies among the household based on choosing migration destination. Therefore, it can be concluded that destination preference affects the economic and subjective welfare of the household.
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Salahuddin, La Ode Muh Munadi, Muhammad Amrullah Pagala, and Rina Astarika. "Agricultural Households And Farmer Welfare In North Kolaka Regency." International Journal of Science, Technology & Management 2, no. 4 (July 25, 2021): 1203–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.46729/ijstm.v2i4.261.
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The research aims to describe the household loss of food crops, farms, and plantations as well as the welfare of farmers' households in North Kolaka Regency in January-March 2021 referring to national indicators or provisions in the processing of agricultural survey results (ST) that have been conducted by national official institutions, namely the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) of Southeast Sulawesi in 2013 (ST2013) and the results of the Inter-Census middle Survey 2018. The results of the analysis of household income and welfare of agricultural households in North Kolaka Regency showed that food crops in the form of rice 39.36, crops 226.71, farms 12.99, plantations -0.31, and farmers welfare level 6.22.
 
 Keywords: Household Violence, Farmer Welfare, North Kolaka
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Satapathy, Jyotirmayee, Narayan Chandra Nayak, and Jitendra Mahakud. "Multidimensional impact of food security on household welfare: evidences from a household survey in three Indian states." International Journal of Social Economics 47, no. 7 (June 30, 2020): 913–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijse-01-2020-0023.
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PurposeThe welfare impacts of the food security on the beneficiaries can be understood from multiple dimensions. This paper, thus, examines the impact of the India's National Food Security Act (NFSA) on the welfare of the beneficiary households from a multidimensional perspective.Design/methodology/approachThe study is based on a sample household survey covering three different states of India. The stratified random sampling technique was used to select the states, districts and blocks. Sample villages and households were selected purposively. A total of 1,523 households comprising 1,069 beneficiary and 454 non-beneficiary households constituted the sample. In order to find out the impact of the programme on different dimensions of welfare, the endogenous switching regression model is employed as it helps control for any absence of randomization and the unobserved heterogeneity bias. Propensity score matching is also employed to supplement the results.FindingsThe substitution effect and income effect of the food subsidy policy combined improve the overall welfare of the households presented through the subjective measures of food consumption behaviour, income transfer and educational achievements. The bargaining effect of the food subsidy programme is reflected in the enhanced social status and women's empowerment. The food security programme seems to augment the food consumption of the beneficiaries as observed from the food consumption score.Research limitations/implicationsThe food security policy has improved the overall welfare of the households and can play a major role in enhancing household welfare even further. The non-beneficiaries' welfare could have increased if they would have been included in the food security programme. The subjective assessment may, however, be subjected to personal biases, and there is also absence of a common reference point. Hence, the implications of the findings may be generalized with caution.Originality/valueThis study provides evidences of the impacts of food subsidy from a multidimensional standpoint considering both subjective and objective dimensions of household welfare.
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Kousar, Rakshananda, Tahira Sadaf, Muhammad Sohail Amjad Makhdum, and Ayesha Ijaz. "Determinants of household’s education and nutrition spending." Humanomics 33, no. 4 (November 13, 2017): 470–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/h-06-2016-0050.
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Purpose This study aims to estimate the determinants of household spending on education and nutrition. Education and nutrition are noteworthy elements for human development and welfare. Separate estimates are being provided for male and female as gender determines household welfare and gender-based analysis of household spending evaluates the aptitude of decision power as well as measures their influential role in human welfare. Design/methodology/approach Fruits, milk and dairy products are taken as proxy of substantial portion of nutrition. The study used primary urban household-level data that collected from Faisalabad city. The authors used double hurdle model. Findings The findings of the study show that females are more likely to spend on education. Household size and number of children negatively determine the household spending on education and nutrition. Number of employed household members, level of income and education are positively associated with household spending on education and nutrition by male- and female-headed households. A very low public spending on education and nutrition have led to upsurge the hurdles of households in Pakistan. Practical implications The study recommends that government should provide the employment opportunities, especially for females for stable and increased household income that leads to improve the household welfare. Originality/value Several studies have examined the education spending (Mbanefoh et al., 1997; Ichoku and Leibbrandt, 2003; Donkoh and Amikuzuno, 2011; Cisse, 2011), but these studies ignored to investigate the gender role and household spending on nutrition and education. This study is crucial in drawing suitable policy recommendations for household welfare. This study filled the gaps and scrutinized the issues that interrelated with household spending.
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Fumey, Abel, Solomon Yaw Agyeman-Boaten, and Sheriff Bediako Norman. "Impact evaluation of households participation in agriculture on welfare in Ghana." African Social Science and Humanities Journal 3, no. 3 (April 8, 2022): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.57040/asshj.v3i3.123.
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The role of agriculture in Ghana’s economic development cannot be overstated as it is a major contributor to GDP and employs more people in the rural areas thereby improving on their welfare. However, the sector’s performance in recent time has declined as poverty incidence has remained high among rural agriculture households. This study, therefore, examines how participation in agriculture activities impact households’ welfare in Ghana using the seventh edition of Ghana Living Standard Survey (GLSS) dataset conducted in 2016/2017. The Heckman probit model is applied to determine the drivers of households' probability of engaging in agriculture. The propensity scores matching technique is used to match the farming households to their replica non-farming households as counterfactuals to ascertain the welfare impact of the households. The result shows that the welfare of households in agriculture is multidimensionally deprived than non-agriculture households. In addition, factors such as size of household, sex and age of household head, age at first marriage, location, ethnicity, and educational level of household heads have the likelihood of influencing agriculture participation in Ghana. Therefore, by modernising agriculture to enhance value addition through technology, irrigation, financing and marketing to boost agribusinesses would enhance the welfare in the agriculture households.
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Nopiah, Ririn, Esti Pasaribu, and Ratu Eva Febriani. "How Microcredit Programs Improve Business Household Well-being in the Local Economy? An Impact Evaluation." Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan 22, no. 1 (June 30, 2024): 51–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.29259/jep.v22i1.23074.
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Household welfare can be improved through microfinancial institutions' support by providing microcredit programs. The shock of the COVID-19 pandemic caused the impact on household welfare to decrease by 2.6% in 2020 in Bengkulu. This study aims to evaluate the impact of the People's Business Credit (KUR) program on the welfare of business households in Bengkulu Province through the National Socio-Economic Survey of the Central Bureau of Statistics (SUSENAS) for the 2022 wave using the propensity score matching (PSM) method. The study results show that microcredit influences household welfare in Bengkulu. Households receiving KUR had higher expenditures of 8.89% than groups not receiving the KUR program. In addition, age, number of households, education, savings account, marital status, and agricultural business influence KUR program recipient participation. The KUR program is expected to improve the quality of MSMEs and provide recommendations for enhancing KUR program services to related financial institutions.
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Kot, Stanisław Maciej. "Equivalence scales for continuous distributions of expenditure." Equilibrium 18, no. 1 (March 30, 2023): 185–219. http://dx.doi.org/10.24136/eq.2023.006.
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Research background: In the actual sizable populations of households, the standard microeconomic concept of equivalence scales is intractable since its necessary condition of equality of household welfare levels is unlikely to be fulfilled. Purpose of the article: This paper aims to develop a concept of an equivalence scale, which can be suitable for continuous distributions of expenditures in the population. Methods: Using household welfare intervals, we get the random equivalence scale (RES) as the ratio of expenditure distributions of the compared populations of households. Findings & value added: We derive the parametric distribution of RES for the lognormal distributions of expenditures. The truncated distribution of RES is applied to account for possible economies of scale in the household size. A society?s inequality aversion can be helpful when selecting a single equivalence scale. We estimate RES for Poland using microdata on expenditures and subjective assessments of household welfare intervals. The estimated equivalence scales turned out to be very flat and dependent on welfare.
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Makuluni, Fatso E., and Hannah Mayamiko Dunga. "The Impact of Access to Credit on Welfare Inequality in Malawi." Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai Oeconomica 67, no. 2 (August 1, 2022): 50–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/subboec-2022-0009.
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Abstract This study evaluates the implications that access to credit has on welfare inequality in Malawi in order to address the gap left in previous studies concerning credit. The study employed data from Malawi’s Integrated Household Survey 2017 and used the propensity score analysis to examine what impact access to credit may have on the welfare of Malawian households using consumption per capita as a proxy for household welfare. The study further proceeded to use the generalized Lorenz curve, the Theil indexes as well as the Gini to examine the inequalities present in welfare among the households that access credit and those that do not. The results showed a positive impact of access to credit on welfare as households with access to credit experience lower levels of inequality than those without. However, a closer examination of the Theil’s indexes found that factors unrelated to access to credit had a stronger effect on inter-household inequalities than access to credit. The results imply that the impact that access to credit has on welfare inequality is a positive one, but its effect is substantially small. Thus, implying that policies aimed at enhancing distribution of credit should continue. Simultaneously, a more holistic approach on reducing inequality should be included at both household level and national level to achieve a desired result.
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Minartha, Rana Cindi, Fembriarti Erry Prasmatiwi, and Adia Nugraha. "ANALISIS PENDAPATAN, RISIKO DAN TINGKAT KESEJAHTERAAN RUMAH TANGGA PETANI KARET DI KECAMATAN PAKUAN RATU KABUPATEN WAY KANAN." Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Agribisnis 10, no. 2 (June 10, 2022): 202. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jiia.v10i2.5577.
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The study aims to analyze the amount of household income, the risk of rubber selling prices and the level of household welfare of rubber farmers in Pakuan Ratu Sub-District, Way Kanan Regency. The research method used was survey method. The number of the respondent in this study is 56 rubber farming households obtained using proportional random sampling. The results show that the average total income of rubber farmer households is Rp31,580,310.71 where the largest income is derived from income from rubber farming. The price risk on rubber farming is relatively small that can be seen from the variation coefficient value (CV) is 0.17. The level of household welfare based on Sajogyo's indicators shows that 100% rubber farming households are in the living groupworthy. Key words: farmers, income, risk, rubber, welfare.
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Shibairo, Peter, Deus Ngaruko, and Nelson Wawire. "Analysis of Devolved Social Safety Funds on Household Welfare in Kenya." Journal of Poverty, Investment and Development 8, no. 2 (May 26, 2023): 48–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.47604/jpid.1986.
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Purpose: Social safety funds should effectively and efficiently reach needy households, providing a safety net that enhances their welfare and reduces poverty levels in the community. The Kenya National Safety Net Programme (NSNP) is a government social protection programme established in September 2013 as part of the government’s initiative to improve and enhance social protection and improve the welfare of the poor household particularly at the grass root. This study therefore aimed at analyzing the impact of devolved social safety funds on household welfare in Kenya.
 Methodology: The study employed a non-experimental pooled cross-sectional research design. Cross-sectional data was collected from selected households using a structured questionnaire. The study targeted a population of 1,128,693 households lifted from the Kenya Integrated Household Budget Survey (2015/2016). Fisher's formula was used in sample selection, where a sample of 384 respondents was selected. A multivariate regression model was used to analyze data. Inferential and descriptive statistics were used to analyze the quantitative and qualitative data acquired in the research.
 Findings: The findings revealed that devolved Social Safety funds significantly and positively influence household welfare in Kenya. Most beneficiaries under study, particularly the elderly recorded a greater improvement in their welfare.
 Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Given the findings, it is recommended that the government of Kenya should increase the flow of these funds to target a larger proportion of the rural households. This will positively change the welfare of most vulnerable households, particularly in the rural areas.
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Hamid, Reza Izadi. "Investigating the Role of Households' Health Care Expenditures on the Iranian Households' Welfare Using DSGE Framework." International Journal of Management, Accounting and Economics 9, no. 8 (August 27, 2022): 505–16. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7028256.
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Nowadays, the study of the share of households' health expenditures in their total consumption expenditures and its impact on the well-being of households and society has become an important issue as it is applied in policy and planning by government officials. This paper aims to examine the impact of changes in the share of health expenditures in the basket of total household consumption expenditures and to show that small changes in the variable have significant effects on consumption, desirability, and, consequently, the well-being of society. The results of this modelling suggest that a decrease in the share of household health expenditures leads to an increase in other household expenditures and, consequently, increases household welfare by an increasing utility. The reason for this is that by increasing its health and medical expenditures, the household must reduce its consumption of other goods, which decreases its total utility. It should be noted that this decrease is due to the fact that households are less inclined to spend a larger share of their total consumption expenditure on health services. An increase in the share of households' health expenditures in their total expenditures leads to a decrease in welfare, and a decrease in this share increases household welfare. However, factors such as the inefficiency of the insurance system, poor health system monitoring, and problems in accessing and using health services can have a major impact on households' acceptance, desire, and use of health services and should be considered a serious problem.
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Chavas, Jean-Paul, Martina Menon, Elisa Pagani, and Federico Perali. "Collective household welfare and intra-household inequality." Theoretical Economics 13, no. 2 (May 2018): 667–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/te2459.
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Umaroh, Rodhiah, Riska Dwi Astuti, and Edy Purwanto. "THE IMPACT ANALYSIS OF RISING FOOD PRICES ON FARMER’S WELFARE IN EAST JAVA." East Java Economic Journal 3, no. 1 (March 30, 2019): 130–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.53572/ejavec.v3i1.30.
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Agriculture is one of the important contributor sectors to the implementation of sustainable economic growth, especially in East Java. Apart from absorbing a large portion of the workforce, agriculture is also a sector that drives other sectors such as trade, especially for food products. However, the increase in food prices is often a polemic in the community which is very detrimental to households. This study aims to analyze the function of household food consumption demand in East Java using the Quadratic Almost Ideal Demand System (QUAIDS) and Compensating Variation approaches to identify the impact of price changes on changes in household welfare in East Java, especially in farmer households. The data used in this study were obtained from the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) in 2000, 2007, and 2014. The results showed that consumption of various food commodities in the form of staple foods, fruits and vegetables, sugar, oil, milk, meat will be greatly affected by changes in prices, expenditure/income, and household demographic characteristics. The results of price and expenditure elasticity vary between household groups. Based on the analysis of changes in welfare, due to the increase in food prices, in general, households in East Java will experience a decrease in welfare. However, the decline for poor rural households and farming households is lower than for urban poor households and non-farmer households. The regional government of East Java province is expected to encourage and optimize the role of the agricultural sector to achieve sustainable household welfare in general and farmers in particular.
 JEL: D11, D60, E31, Q11
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Astuti, Riska Dwi, and Salman Samir. "The Impact of Baitul Maal wa Tamwil on Household Welfare: Empirical Evidence from Indonesia." Jurnal Ekonomi & Studi Pembangunan 22, no. 1 (April 5, 2021): 144–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.18196/jesp.v22i1.7836.
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Despite the growing studies of Baitul Maal wa Tamwil (BMT) in Indonesia, few have empirically analyzed how BMT increases household welfare, primarily through credit for productive activities. This study aimed to analyze the impact of BMT availability in the community on household welfare. Considering that credit is targeted for productive activities, the researchers limited the respondents to farmer households and households with non-farming business activities, amounting to 4642 and 2250, respectively. Utilizing longitudinal data from the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS), the analysis was conducted employing the difference-in-difference (DiD) method. The results showed that BMT's existence in the community improved farmer households' mean welfare by 1.65%. After controlling for household and community characteristics, consistent results were obtained with a small decrease in the coefficient of 1.58%. Meanwhile, households with non-farming business activities were not affected by the existence of BMT in their community. Nevertheless, a positive coefficient of diff-in-diff indicated that BMT and welfare had a positive relationship even though it was not strong enough to be a contributor to the outcome.
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Syakina, Faakhira Nadia, Yaktiworo Indriani, and Muhammad Irfan Affandi. "PENDAPATAN DAN KESEJAHTERAAN RUMAH TANGGA PEMBUDIDAYA LELE DI KECAMATAN NATAR KABUPATEN LAMPUNG SELATAN." Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Agribisnis 7, no. 1 (August 14, 2019): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jiia.v7i1.60-67.
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This research aims to analyze the contribution of catfish cultivation enlargement to household income and the welfare of catfish cultivators household. The research data was collected in Sub-District of Natar of South Lampung regency in December 2017 - January 2018. Respondents in this research were 30 cultivators of catfish enlargement, chosen on purpose for they have been actively running their business and 4 expert people in catfish cultivation. Primary data was obtained by interviewing the respondents, while secondary data was obtained from several related institutions. Collected household income was included cultivation income of catfish, off-farm income, and non-farm income. The level of household welfare was analyzed by three criterias namely Sajogyo, Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) and Badan Kependudukan dan Keluarga Berencana Nasional (BKKBN). The result showed that the average income of catfish cultivators business contributed 44,27 percent of the total household income of Rp52.340.376,00 per year. The household welfare level based on Sajogyo showed that 20 percent of households were in the almost-poor category, 50 percent in moderate, and 30 percent in decent living class. Based on BPS and BKKBN category showed that 20 percent of households were in the less prosperous and 80 percent were prosperous.Key words: catfish, income, welfare
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Fafchamps, Marcel, and Forhad Shilpi. "Education and Household Welfare." Economic Development and Cultural Change 63, no. 1 (October 2014): 73–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/677805.
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Fajrieansyah, Noer, Andy Fefta Wijaya, Imam Hanafia, Wike Wike, Farida Nurani, Fadillah Amin, and Muhammad Saif. "Is microfinance better compared to other financial institutions? Analyzing the impact of various financial ac-cess on household welfare in Indonesia." Decision Science Letters 14, no. 3 (2025): 531–38. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.dsl.2025.5.006.
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This study examines how access to different types of financial services influences household welfare in Indonesia. Using data from a large sample of 331,068 households, the research applies Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression to evaluate the impact of financial institutions on household income, which serves as a proxy for welfare. The findings reveal that access to microfinance and commercial banks significantly improves household income, highlighting the critical role these institutions play in enhancing welfare. Conversely, households relying on informal financial institutions tend to have lower incomes, indicating a negative effect on welfare. Further analysis reveals important variations based on gender and geographic location. Microfinance and cooperatives are particularly beneficial for female-headed households and those in rural areas, underscoring their importance in supporting underserved populations. On the other hand, access to commercial banks benefits both male and female headed households but has a stronger impact in urban areas where formal banking services are more readily available. While informal financial institutions negatively affect urban households, they provide modest advantages for female-headed and rural households, serving as an alternative in areas lacking formal financial services. These findings underscore the need for targeted financial inclusion policies that address gender and regional disparities. Such policies should prioritize expanding access to microfinance and cooperatives for rural and female-headed households while also improving access to formal banking services in urban areas to enhance overall welfare.
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Amendola, Alessandra, Marinella Boccia, Gianluca Mele, and Luca Sensini. "An Assessment of the Access to Credit-Welfare Nexus: Evidence from Mauritania." International Journal of Business and Management 12, no. 9 (August 15, 2017): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v12n9p77.
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This paper evaluates the impact of access to credit from banks and other financial institutions on household welfare in Mauritania. Household level data are used to evaluate the relationship between credit access, a range of household characteristics, and welfare indicators. To address the threats of potential endogeneity, an index of household isolation is used to instrument access to credit. Evidence on the validity of the exclusion restriction is provided showing that household isolation is unrelated with households and area characteristics six years prior to the measurements on which this analysis is based. Results show that households with older and more educated heads are more likely to access financial services, as are households living in urban areas. In addition, greater financial access is associated with a reduced dependence on household production and increased investment in human capital. The policy conclusions from our analysis support strategies for expanding financial infrastructures in underserved rural areas of Mauritania.
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Bocher, Temesgen Fitamo, Bamlaku Alamirew Alemu, and Zerihun Getachew Kelbore. "Does access to credit improve household welfare? Evidence from Ethiopia using endogenous regime switching regression." African Journal of Economic and Management Studies 8, no. 1 (March 13, 2017): 51–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ajems-03-2017-145.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate how credit access affects the welfare of households and sheds light on how household characteristics influence the decision to take credit and the efficiency in credit use. Design/methodology/approach This study uses data from the fourth round of the Ethiopian Rural Household Survey conducted in 2009, and examines factors that determine the decision to take credit and the effect of such decision on household welfare. The household welfare variable is measured by the food security indicator and total food expenditure. The study employs endogenous Regime Switching model to account for endogeneity in access to credit and self-selection bias in the decision to participate in credit. Findings The result from the kernel distribution shows households with access to credit have more consumption expenditure than those without access to credit. The ordinary least square regression shows that access to credit increases total consumption by 12 percent without considering self-selection bias. Participation in non-farm activity increases the demand for credit by 17 percent. Land holding, household size, and participation in saving associations increase the probability of getting credit by 5, 11, and 20 percent, respectively. Access to credit appears to have a positive impact on food security in both actual and counterfactual cases for the current credit receivers. Originality/value This study provides a thorough analysis of the impacts of access to credit on household welfare in Ethiopia. The study contributes to the debate on the link between access to credit and household welfare and provides valuable input for policy makers.
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Mkomba, Fydess Khundi, Akshay Kumar Saha, and Umaru Garba Wali. "Household-Level Effects of Energy Insecurity on Welfare in Southern Africa: A Malawian Case Study." International Journal of Renewable Energy Development 10, no. 1 (October 29, 2020): 105–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijred.2021.33234.
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The debate of energy security has, over the past decades, centered on supply factors within the energy policy framework in the public policy discourse. Much more empirical evidence is required to fully understand the household-level effects of energy security on development outcomes. This paper explores the characteristics of the households that face energy insecurity and also analyze the effects of energy insecurity on household welfare using the recent data from the Malawi Fourth Integrated Household Survey(IHS4) 2016-2017. Overall, 42.58% of Malawian households were found to be energy insecure and the study findings show that the energy insecure were a heterogenous group compared to the energy secure. The heterogeneity exist because of differences in demographics (likely to be advanced in age, likely to be females, less likely to have a household head with formal education); socioeconomic status (likely to be poor, had low wealth levels); geography (likely to be rural dwellers in the central and southern parts of Malawi); housing and dwelling status (less likely to be renters, less likely to be found in permanent or semi-permanent buildings that have iron sheets and cement floor). Additional results from econometric analysis showed that energy insecure households reduced their food consumption by 2.3% for each 1% unit increase in the share of the energy costs in their total household budget. Similarly, on the education outcome, the energy insecure households reduced their education expenditure by 3.6% for each 1% unit increase in the share of the energy costs over the total household expenditure. These findings show that energy security plays a key role towards improvement of household welfare in general as this might have short term and long-term negative implications on human capital development.
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Adebola, Olaoye, Toyin, Ogunniyi, Laudia Titilola, and Fanifosi, Gbenga Emmanuel. "Estimating the welfare effect of food price increase on households in Nigeria: Direct and substitution effect approach." International Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Research 10, no. 1 (January 10, 2023): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.18488/ijsar.v10i1.3252.
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Increases in food prices in Nigeria have raised huge concerns on the impact welfare of poor households who have substantial share of their spending on food. This study investigated the welfare effects (including the direct and substitution effects) of food price changes on households in Nigeria. The study employed time series data on food prices from 1991-2013 and household survey data obtained from the National household Survey (wave 2). We group household consumption expenditure on different food and non-food commodities into nine (9) namely; fish, meat, pulses, fruit & vegetable, fat & oil, beverages, wheat, rice, corn, and others. Welfare effect was analyzed by compensating variation. The results showed that a safety net program would net to transfer an amount equivalent to 0.76%, 0.26% and 1.02% of the total national consumption to fully compensate the poorest quintile in rural, urban and at the national level respectively. And also, in the richest losers’ quintile about 1.29% of the aggregate national consumption will be required by a safety net program to fully compensate them overall. The study concluded that food price changes related significantly with welfare status of the respondents as tested by CV model. Welfare gain was enjoyed mostly by urban household whose mean compensated variation was as high as 18% compared with 14% for rural household.
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Satria, Moch Angga, Rabiatul Adawiyah, and Eka Kasymir. "PENDAPATAN DAN KESEJAHTERAAN RUMAH TANGGA AGROINDUSTRI TAHU PADA SENTRA INDUSTRI TAHU DI PEKON GADINGREJO KECAMATAN GADINGREJO KABUPATEN PRINGSEWU." Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Agribisnis 10, no. 3 (September 1, 2022): 327. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jiia.v10i3.6019.
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This study intends to interprete the income, the level of household welfare of tofu agroindustry owners and to know the factors related to the level of household welfare of tofu agroindustry owners at the tofu industry center, Gadingrejo District, Pringsewu Regency. The research location is in Pekon Gadingrejo, Gadingrejo District, Pringsewu Regency using a census method. There are 15 respondents who own tofu agroindustry in Pekon Gadingrejo. Data analysis uses a descriptive quantitative analysis that includes the level of welfare according to Sajogyo, BPS, World Bank, and ADB as well as Spearman Rank analysis to determine the related factors. The results showed that the household income of tofu agroindustry owners in Pekon Gadingrejo was before the pandemic of IDR32,214,381.20 per month with a percentage of 97,41% of tofu agroindustry businesses, and income from other businesses of 2,59%. Household income during the pandemic was IDR23,273,759.10 per month with a percentage of 96,63% of tofu agroindustry businesses and income from other businesses of 3,37%. The welfare and poverty level of tofu agroindustry households in Pekon Gadingrejo based on Sajogyo's criteria, most of the group is sufficient, based on the standard of BPS, which is 40 % in the poor category, based on the criteria of the World Bank and ADB, which is a poverty rate of 0 %. The factors related to the level of household welfare of the tofu agroindustry are the level of household income and household expenditure. Key words: household, income, tofu, welfare
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K., Mwera Dorothy, Dr Wilfred Nyangena, and Dr Kamau Gathiaka. "NGONG FOREST DEPENDENCE AND HOUSEHOLD WELFARE." American Journal of Environment Studies 1, no. 1 (May 31, 2017): 61–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.47672/ajes.256.
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Purpose: This study attempted to examine the economic contribution made by Ngong forest to rural households that surround it.Methodology: The study area that the sample was drawn from was the Kibiko Holding Ground with a population of 1,025 and 199 households. The study population was 199 households as households were the study unit. A sample size of 55 households was identified through systematic random sampling. Results: indicated that the forest resources that are mostly extracted by the households are firewood, followed by honey, poles, vegetables and finally medicinal herbs. Study results also revealed that only the count of livestock and the quintile income mattered in the extraction of forest resources. The rest of the socioeconomic factors (gender, literacy, years of education, age, family size, family composition, sickness shocks) did not matter for forest resource extraction.Conclusion and Recommendation: The study concluded that poorer households are more resource dependent than the rich. In addition, forest income contributes significantly towards household welfare. Hence, an effort to balance between environmental concerns and sustainable livelihoods should ensure that families living in the area are paid an equivalent KES 5,309 per month to alleviate their suffering in case they were to be translocated to other non forest areas.
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Manja, Laston Petro, and Isatou A. Badjie. "The Welfare Effects of Formal and Informal Financial Access in the Gambia: A Comparative Assessment." SAGE Open 12, no. 1 (January 2022): 215824402210811. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21582440221081111.
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The aim of this study was to comparatively assess the impact of formal and informal finance on household welfare in the Gambia. The Gambia 2015 to 2016 Integrated Household Survey (IHS3) data was analyzed using Stata software version 17.0 to assess the impact of access to the various forms of finance on household food and non-food consumption expenditures, education expenditure, total income, and a subjective assessment of welfare. The study found that access to either formal or informal finance has some deleterious impacts on welfare, with the negative impacts from formal finance being generally lesser than those from informal finance, signaling that the different forms of finance have near-varying repercussions on household welfare. Access to and conditions of formal finance should be improved by removing or making less stringent the requirements, most of which are hard for households to meet.