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Academic literature on the topic 'House construction – Standards – Ontario'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "House construction – Standards – Ontario"

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Kreutzwiser, R. D., and L. M. Crichton. "An Evaluation of the United States Experience in Controlling Forest Practices on Private Lands." Forestry Chronicle 63, no. 1 (February 1, 1987): 43–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc63043-1.

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The forest practice legislation of 14 states is examined critically to provide a basis for suggesting elements of a forest practice act for Ontario. Four types of legislation are identified: voluntary-selective, voluntary-comprehensive, mandatory-selective, and mandatory-comprehensive. The American experience suggests strongly that only mandatory-comprehensive legislation has had much impact on improving forest management on private land. This experience also suggests any effort to develop similar legislation for Ontario must give particular attention to how the administering agency is notified of intended activity on private land, the development standards for harvesting, regeneration, road construction and other practices, and procedures for monitoring and enforcing compliance with standards. A meaningful administrative commitment, including adequate staffing and funding, will be essential to any effort to enhance forest management on private land in Ontario.
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Tuzov, Nikolai. "Green Building in Russia as well as its problems and solutions." Real estate: economics, management, no. 1 (May 17, 2021): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.22337/2073-8412-2021-1-53-58.

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The article deals with the issues of environmental (“green”) construction in Russia in relation to the tasks of low-rise and individual development. The article describes the history of the formation of the ecological construction market in Russia and abroad, gives a general classification and the main directions of its development. The ad-vantages of green construction, the problems that hinder the rapid development of ecological construction and the stimulating factors of such development are described. The applicable standards of green construction are indicated, both established by the state in the form of normative legal acts, and voluntary, and the advantages of following environmental standards are shown. Practical examples of ecological construction and problems faced by developers in practice are given. The concepts of Passive House, energy-efficient house and non-volatile house are considered in detail, indicating the ways to use the elements of such concepts in the implementation of real construction at the moment, including some practical examples of technical and technological solutions, as well as ways to further improve them. Examples of low-rise buildings currently under construction using standards and principles of ecological construction are given. The Russian standards of green construction are considered in de-tail, with references to specific regulations and other sources regulating the issues of ecological construction, and the ways of their further development and improvement are indicated. A mathematical model of the order of construction of eco-mobility facilities is proposed, where the capital return indicator is selected as an important criterion, which is determined taking into account the different times of costs for the objects being introduced. Its maximization leads to the choice of such an option, which will be characterized by the largest intermediate volume of input objects, as well as the smallest amount of reduced capital investments, i.e. their more rational dynamics. Thus, this indicator characterizes the efficiency of using capital investments, as well as their return as a result of reducing construction in progress.
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Sultanguzin, I. A., D. A. Kruglikov, T. V. Yatsyuk, I. D. Kalyakin, Yu V. Yavorovsky, and A. V. Govorin. "Using of BIM, BEM and CFD technologies for design and construction of energy-efficient houses." E3S Web of Conferences 124 (2019): 03014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201912403014.

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The article presents the concept and the process of integrated design and construction of energy-efficient house during the life cycle based on the use of BIM (Building Information Model), BEM (Building Energy Modeling) and CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) technologies. The task of complex design is to create a house with harmonious architecture and minimal energy costs to maintain a comfortable microclimate, including using renewable energy sources. The article shows the effectiveness of the use of an integrated approach in the design of a house close to the Passive House standards.
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Slater, W. M. "Concrete water tanks in Ontario." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 12, no. 2 (June 1, 1985): 325–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l85-035.

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Since 1981, an Ontario provincial government study has been undertaken on the 53 concrete water tanks built in the province since 1956. Results of mainly external, but some internal, inspections, condition surveys, and ratings on an ascending 0–9 scale revealed a wide range in performance. This varied from failed tanks, rated 0 (two tanks), to very good performance, rated 9. The ratings were generally related to the tank types and construction method used. The best performance was exhibited by posttensioned bonded (PTB) types. The survey results and defects analysed revealed various problems and causes. These varied from specific construction methodology faults, such as slipform jack rods (pipes) left in the walls of certain types of tank, which filled with water and froze, to common defects, such as cold joints, experienced in all types, leading to leakage and freezing, and ice expansion in voids in tank walls during the winter. Actual concrete tensile stresses induced by internal ice formations, thermal gradients, and shrinkage stresses were found to be higher than those used in most designs or allowed in international codes or standards. As a result of the study, a provincial government rehabilitation programme for ministry-built tanks in need of repairs and leakproofing was started in mid-1982 in the order of priority ratings established during the study.
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Al kathiri, Ahmed, and Omer Damdelen. "Design of Sustainable Building by Considering Green Materials – Case Study in Salalah Oman." Technium: Romanian Journal of Applied Sciences and Technology 4, no. 7 (August 13, 2022): 52–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/technium.v4i7.7188.

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The present study is based on analyzing the sustainable approaches toward adaptation of green building , materials and technology. The implemented standards to reduce resource and energy usage is applied to improve the living standards of people and society. The study is focused on construction industry of Oman and consider fiver case studies from Salalah based on designing green building in Dhofar region. The green building and construction is rated according to standards provided by LEED organization. The study compare the case studies and develop model for sustainable building. The simulation results indicates the improtance of green building in saving energy and resources such as Eco-house.
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Beqiri, Lulzim, Zejnulla Rexhepi, Mimoza Sylejmani, and Besian Sinani. "Underground houses - systematic approach toward underground construction of living space." International Journal of Business & Technology 6, no. 3 (May 1, 2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.33107/ijbte.2018.6.3.11.

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The urgent need for energy consumption reduction and trends of global warming leads toward exploring possibilities to “hide” living space from explosion to climate changes as a result of global warming. This paper aims to present benefits of underground houses, underground living space. Housing is elementary process of mankind life that was performed from the existence of life in different forms, shapes, levels and social developments. House, as one used to get protected by phenomena of the nature, historically used in different shapes, levels and materials, created mentality that one percept as protective, and isolated space, for life activities. This paper treat possibilities, and priorities, of underground housing and construction of underground house in current development of technology, climate development impact, current development of mentality of society and approach of society toward energy efficiency, as underground house is one of the contribution. Paper as well analyze applicable standards and current legislation in Kosova for underground construction and housing.
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Wang, Juan. "Energy Saving Calculation and Analysis of the Rural House in Hohhot." Advanced Materials Research 575 (October 2012): 122–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.575.122.

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Inner Mongolia mostly belongs to the rural residence building, no any relevant construction standard and building energy efficiency standards. Most of the farmers in build houses without considering building energy problems. This article through to a rural residential energy conservation calculation and analysis, and obtain the energy-saving index.
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Baďurová, Silvia, Radoslav Ponechal, and Pavol Ďurica. "Life Cycle Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Energy Analysis of Passive House with Variable Construction Materials." Selected Scientific Papers - Journal of Civil Engineering 8, no. 2 (November 1, 2013): 21–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sspjce-2013-0015.

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Abstract The term "passive house" refers to rigorous and voluntary standards for energy efficiency in a building, reducing its ecological footprint. There are many ways how to build a passive house successfully. These designs as well as construction techniques vary from ordinary timber constructions using packs of straw or constructions of clay. This paper aims to quantify environmental quality of external walls in a passive house, which are made of a timber frame, lightweight concrete blocks and sand-lime bricks in order to determine whether this constructional form provides improved environmental performance. Furthermore, this paper assesses potential benefit of energy savings at heating of houses in which their external walls are made of these three material alternatives. A two storey residential passive house, with floorage of 170.6 m2, was evaluated. Some measurements of air and surface temperatures were done as a calibration etalon for a method of simulation.
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Xi, Liao Liao, Yan Di Zhu, Peng Fei Zhang, and Zhi Pan Kang. "Research about the General Applicability of Ecological Rural House in the Guanzhong Region of North China." Advanced Materials Research 610-613 (December 2012): 2866–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.610-613.2866.

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When China is vigorously urging the development of western area and the construction of new village, how to improve living standards of the famers at the same time to maximize the energy saving and the reduction of building materials using is one of the important problems that need to be solved. Based on the survey and research of the rural house in the Guanzhong region of north china, paper explores and analyzes the orientation, architectural style, layout, natural ventilation etc. Then arrive at the general applicability of ecological and energy-saving rural house in the Guanzhong region under the concept of ecological design. In the wake of the help of generally applicable design program, can provide some reference for the current rural house construction, and promote the integration of urban and rural areas.
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Wang, Mei Yan, Feng Qi, and Jun Shan Ma. "Research on Energy-Saving Reconstruction on a Nontraditional Rural House in Zhejiang Province." Applied Mechanics and Materials 361-363 (August 2013): 271–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.361-363.271.

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A large number of nontraditional rural houses were built in 1980s in Zhejiang province. These houses often fail to meet the modern needs of local villagers. In this paper, one such house was reconstructed, using some green-construction technologies and the lowest cost, and the least construction criteria, in order to obtain the best appearance and the best energy-saving effect. Furthermore, the rural house was evaluated using simulations to examine performance on energy consumption, ventilation, and natural lighting. The annual energy consumption of the reconstructed house is 66.6 KWh/m2 and the energy-saving rate is 56.23%. Wind velocity of the main activity area ranges from 0.3 to 1 m/s, and the illumination values are above 55 lx, which all meet the requirements of the Chinese Green Building Standards.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "House construction – Standards – Ontario"

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Leung, Suk-fong Doris, and 梁淑芳. "Different expectation between producers and consumers on the quality of home ownership scheme flats." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31968442.

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Mayongo, Nwabisa. "Evaluating the quality of the national government self-help housing scheme in the Western Cape; before and after NHBRC involvement." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2819.

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Thesis (MTech (Business Administration in Project Management))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2018.
According to Section 26 (1) of the constitution of Republic of South Africa, everyone has a right to have a satisfactory house to restore and honour the dignity of the South Africans. However South African government implemented several housing programmes to bridge the gap of housing backlog in South Africa. One of the housing programmes that South African government implemented is People Housing Process (PHP). It was approved in 1998 by South African government. South African government shifted focus on the quality of houses and mainly focused on the quantity of houses delivered through the financial year. There have been a lot of quality complaints on PHP. The quality defects are signs of foundation failures, cracks on foundations, water flooding around the houses, water not properly channelling to the drain, cracks on walls, dampness of walls, mould on walls, water seeping through the windows, poorly applied external plaster, incorrect bonding of internal walls to external walls, walls that are not straight walls, sagging ceiling panels, gable not properly filled with mortar, roof structure not properly tied up, sagging roof coverings, roof leaks, sagging roof tiles and ridges, rust on painted iron material, poor quality of blocks used, insufficient cement on mortar mix and peeling off paint. National Home Builders Registration Council (NHBRC) are the custodians of the home building industry. They were excluded from PHP from 1998 till March 2012. NHBRC was approved to inspect PHP house in April 2012. Thus, the aim of the study was to compare the houses that were built before NHBRC involvement in PHP with those that were built after NHBRC involvement in PHP. The sample included 50% of each of the two groups (those in houses built without NHBRC involvement and those built with NHBRC involvement), the research involved at least 50 respondents per group (McMillan, et al 2001:177 – recommends 15 respondents per group). The sample size per group has been put at 50 since the larger the sample the higher the accuracy. The study is classified as quantitative research because it intended to quantify the variation in occurrence, situation, problem or issue; the information was gathered using predominantly quantitative variables and the analysis was geared to ascertain the magnitude of the variation. The findings of the study revealed that the quality of the houses that were built under PHP programme before NHBRC intervention on PHP was not up to standard however the quality on those that were built after NHBRC involvement improved. Therefore it is recommended for Western Cape government to implement the rectification programme which was approved by National Department of Human Settlements in 2009 mainly focusing on houses that have been severely structurally compromised and are regarded as unfit for human habitation as it poses a threat to the health and safety of the occupants (The National Housing Code, 2009: 11-13).
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Books on the topic "House construction – Standards – Ontario"

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Council, International Code. 2009 IRC fundamentals building provisions: Based on the 2009 International Residential Code (IRC). Country Club Hills, IL: International Code Council, 2009.

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Burrows, John. Canadian wood-frame house construction. 2nd ed. [Ottawa]: Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation, 2006.

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Note, Stephen A. Van. Significant changes to the International Residential Code, 2012 edition. 2nd ed. Clifton Park, NY: Delmar, 2011.

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Note, Stephen A. Van. Significant changes to the International Residential Code, 2012 edition. 2nd ed. Clifton Park, NY: Delmar, 2011.

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Council, International Code, ed. Building code basics: Building : based on the 2009 International Building Code. Clifton Park, NY: Delmar Cengage Learning, 2010.

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National Research Council Canada. Associate Committee on the National Building Code. Canadian housing code, 1990. Ottawa: The Council, 1990.

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Kentucky Board of Housing, Buildings, and Construction. The Kentucky residential code. Edited by Walden Judith G and Kentucky. Dept. of Housing, Buildings, and Construction. Frankfort, Ky: Dept. of Housing, Buildings, and Construction, 2002.

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Company, R. S. Means, ed. Residential & light commercial construction standards: The all-in-one, authoritative reference compiled from major building codes, recognized trade custom, industry standards. Kingston, MA: R.S. Means Co., 2002.

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E, Wolfson George, Jorgensen William J, Building Standards Institute, and MacLellan Wolfson Associates, eds. California building performance guidelines for residential construction: A practical guide for owners of new homes : construction performance guidelines, important maintenance items, information on home construction. Sacramento, Calif: Building Standards Institute, 2002.

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International, Building Officials and Code Administrators. Performing International residential code building inspections: Based on the 2000 International residential code for one- and two-family dwellings. Country Club Hills, IL: Building Officials & Code Administrators International, 2001.

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Book chapters on the topic "House construction – Standards – Ontario"

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Weger, Daniel, Thorsten Stengel, Christoph Gehlen, Yannick Maciejewski, and Fabian Meyer-Brötz. "Approval for the Construction of the First 3D Printed Detached House in Germany—Significance of Large Scale Element Testing." In Standards Development for Cement and Concrete for Use in Additive Construction, 144–69. 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959: ASTM International, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/stp163620200119.

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Meen, Geoffrey, and Christine Whitehead. "What Determines the Number of New Homes Built?" In Understanding Affordability, 93–106. Policy Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781529211863.003.0006.

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Chapter 6 discusses new house building and the changing structure of the industry. Current housing policy is heavily concerned with ways of increasing supply and, in terms of analysis, the responsiveness of construction to changes in house prices is one of the key parameters. If the response is strong, then increases in demand are primarily met by an increase in supply. If the response is weak then demand increases lead to worsening affordability. The response appears to be particularly weak in the UK by international standards. However, the chapter also demonstrates, through simulations, the extent to which it is feasible to improve affordability by increases in house building. To have a significant impact, increases have to be large and sustained, on a scale that has rarely been achieved in the UK in the past.
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Polisi, Joseph W. "You Have Made Something That Will Last." In Beacon to the World, 54–69. Yale University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12987/yale/9780300249965.003.0005.

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This chapter discusses several major additions to the Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts. It first examines the process of creating a new drama component in the City Center that would be up to the program's standards. Next, the building of the New York State Theater amid multiple challenges during William Schuman's presidency is discussed. The chapter also traces the precipitating factors in presenting a musical theater at the Lincoln Center—generally considered the weakest constituent of the arts center. The Library-Museum was another significant addition to the Center during this period. The chapter also follows the circuitous construction of The Juilliard School, the last scheduled building to be finished on campus. Finally, the chapter studies the tumultuous events surrounding the construction and opening of the Metropolitan Opera House.
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Samamé Zegarra, Estela Karem. "Water Efficiency Evaluation Analysis Among Environmental Certification Methods." In Practice, Progress, and Proficiency in Sustainability, 275–91. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-7023-4.ch013.

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Developing countries such as Peru are not strangers in promoting sustainability in buildings through local certification programs such as My Green House funded by international organizations; or architectural design competitions for houses such as “Build to Grow”; compliance standards such as the one published in March 2018, “Climate Change Law”; in addition to other optional legal standards such as “EM.110 Thermal and Light Comfort with Energy Efficiency”: a technical code of voluntary sustainable construction; and the entry of international environmental certifications such as EDGE and LEED, which are currently very welcomed by real estate developers due to the incentives. One of them is the height bonus, which is promoted by some municipal ordinances, mostly located in the capital city of Lima as a product of a project developed and promoted by the IFC and World Bank. On the other hand, in the retail or office sector, they are promoted by green corporate policies; however, there is a long way to go.
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Anderson, E. N. "Managing the Rainforest: Maya Agriculture in the Town of the Wild Plums." In Ecologies of the Heart. Oxford University Press, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195090109.003.0009.

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Noemy Chan, a young Maya woman of Mexico, looked up from her cooking and spied her children switching butterflies out of the air with twigs. She immediately dropped her knife, ran to the yard, picked up the butterflies—and made the children eat them. The lesson was explicit: You kill only for food. In the traditional Maya world of the interior rainforests of Quintana Roo, animals are killed only from pressing need. If they are not to be eaten, they can be killed only if they are eating the crops on which humans depend. Ideally, they are slain only when both motives operate. Early one morning I met a family carrying a dead coati in a bag; they said, “It was eating our corn, so we are going to eat it.” In Noemy’s home town, Chunhuhub, even the sale of game is confined to local marketing to other subsistence farmers. The unfortunate habit of poaching game for sale to cities has not—so far—spread into the bush. Noemy and her husband are well off by Mexican standards—he manages heavy equipment for road construction. They saved their money and built an urban-style concrete block house. It stands empty; they live in a traditional Maya pole-and-thatch hut, of a style used continuously for thousands of years in the area. As they correctly point out, the hut is much cooler, cleaner, less damp, and in every way more efficient than the European-style house. The Maya civilization, one of the greatest of the ancient cultures, is by no means dead. Millions of Maya Indians, speaking two dozen related languages, still live in Central America. They practice traditional corn agriculture and maintain many pre-Columbian rituals. Yet they are no more “survivors” of the “past” than are modern Englishmen who still eat bread and beef and worship in the Church of England. Maya civilization is dynamic, living, changing, and, above all, creative. Tough and independent, its bearers have adapted to the modern world; many are doctors, lawyers, and degree-holding professors. They still speak Maya languages, and usually Spanish as well.
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Wickramasinghe, Amila, Nazmul Khan, Alexander Filkov, and Khalid Moinuddin. "Physics-Based Modelling for Mapping Firebrand Flux and Heat Load on Structures in the Wildland-Urban Interface’." In Advances in Forest Fire Research 2022, 746–50. Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/978-989-26-2298-9_114.

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The mechanisms of structure ignition by wildfires are classified into direct flame contact, radiant heat, firebrand attack and a combination of two or all of them. Arguably, airborne firebrands play a vital role as the main cause for structure ignition and fire propagation by forming spot fires far from the fire front. Firebrand flux and the heat load are important parameters to calculate the wildfire risk on structures. Australian Building Standard AS3959 is developed based on radiation heat flux and it does not quantify the effects of firebrand landing flux on structures to assess the wildfire risk completely. To improve the assessment of the Bushfire Attack Level (BAL) in AS3959, there is a need for firebrand flux quantification at different scales of wildfires. Lacking information about firebrand generation from various vegetation species at different environmental conditions creates a gap to estimate the firebrand flux accurately. In this study, we aim to use a physics-based model to quantify the firebrand generation rate of Eucalyptus dominant forest vegetation at different severities of wildfires expressed by the Fire danger indices (FDI) of 100, 80, 50. The wind speed is adjusted while keeping the temperature, relative humidity, and drought factor as constants to obtain the focused FDIs. A 40 m height Eucalyptus forest is modelled with 25 t/ha understorey and 10 t/ha canopy fuel loads as per AS3959 forest vegetation classification. The forest fires are prescribed with the intensities of 53.4, 43.1, and 27 MW/m with 100 m length to replicate the fire events explained by FDIs. The depth of the fireline is approximated according to the fire residence time and the spread rate. The firebrand size, shape, and quantity are taken from our previous firebrand generation study (Wickramasinghe et al. 2022) and the particles are injected randomly through the forest volume which is engulfed by the fire. The distances between the modelled structure that follows an Australian standard house design and the vegetation are maintained according to the BALs. We obtained the radiative heat flux on the houses close to the algorithm provided in AS3959 for each BAL. In this study, both firebrand and heat flux are quantified at strategic locations of the house. We find a logarithmic relationship exists between firebrand flux and radiative heat flux in the range of R2 0.96 to 0.99. Hence, for a certain BAL, the firebrand flux increases with the FDI similar to radiative heat flux. Results from this study can be used to quantify the firebrand flux on houses from different vegetation fires, which may improve the design standards and construction requirements of buildings to mitigate the vulnerability of wildfires at the wildland-urban interface (WUI).
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Conference papers on the topic "House construction – Standards – Ontario"

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Wimalasena, NN, A. Chang-Richards, KIK Wang, and K. Dirks. "Housing quality indicators: A systematic review." In 10th World Construction Symposium. Building Economics and Management Research Unit (BEMRU), University of Moratuwa, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31705/wcs.2022.43.

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A wealth of studies has demonstrated the significance of adequate or quality housing on occupant’s productivity, performance, comfort and health. However, insufficient data on the conditions of existing housing stocks and a lack of consensus measures of housing quality hinder housing developments from achieving residential needs. Due to the lack of quality indicators, the quality of housing is not often assessed. Therefore, this paper presents a systematic review using the PRISMA protocol to provide an overview of the housing quality indicators that can be employed to evaluate housing quality. The review consisted of 62 studies investigating 66 housing quality indicators. Each fall into one of eight categories, namely 1) dwelling unit architectural design characteristics and features; 2) user comfort; 3) housing site location and neighbourhood; 4) building services; 5) construction quality and stability; 6) economic aspect; 7) building maintenance; or 8) sustainability. The results show that investigating housing quality indicators is a growing research field where adequate ventilation was the most critical indicator of a quality home. Since the identified indicators are essential determinants of a quality house, architects and engineers can integrate these features at the design and construction stages in upgrading the conditions of dwellings while satisfying occupant’s comfort and quality of life. Further, governments can develop housing quality standards or regulations using these indicators to improve the quality of new housing constructions.
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Hernandez, Patxi, and Paul Kenny. "Zero Energy Houses and Embodied Energy: Regulatory and Design Considerations." In ASME 2008 2nd International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the Heat Transfer, Fluids Engineering, and 3rd Energy Nanotechnology Conferences. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2008-54290.

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Building energy performance regulations and standards around the world are evolving aiming to reduce the energy use in buildings. As we move towards zero energy buildings, the embodied energy of construction materials and energy systems becomes more important, as it represents a high percentage of the overall life cycle energy use of a building. However, this issue is still ignored by many regulations and certification methods, as happens with the European Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD), which focuses on the energy used in operation. This paper analyses a typical house designed to comply with Irish building regulations, calculating its energy use for heating and how water with the Irish national calculation tool, which uses a methodology in line with the EPBD. A range of measures to reduce the energy performance in use of this typical house are proposed, calculating the reduced energy demand and moving towards a zero energy demand building. A life-cycle approach is added to the analysis, taking into account the differential embodied energy of the implemented measures in relation to the typical house base-case, annualizing the differential embodied energy and re-calculating the overall energy use. The paper discusses how a simplified approach for accounting embodied energy of materials could be useful in a goal to achieve the lowest life-cycle energy use in buildings, and concludes with a note on how accounting for embodied energy is a key element when moving towards zero energy buildings.
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Al Qubaisi, Ayesha, and Ali Al Alili. "Toward Efficient Residential Buildings in Hot and Humid Climates." In ASME 2015 9th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2015 Power Conference, the ASME 2015 13th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology, and the ASME 2015 Nuclear Forum. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2015-49255.

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The design, construction, and operation of highly efficient residential buildings in hot and humid climates represent a unique challenge for architects, contractors, and building owners. In this paper, a case study on the performance of a residential building located in hot and humid location is presented. The building is a single-family house, which is modeled as a multi-zone building. The transient systems simulation program (TRNSYS) is used to simulate the building under Abu Dhabi’s typical meteorological year conditions. The results are presented in terms of the annual energy consumption and the indoor thermal comfort. The Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) is used to model the thermal comfort. In addition, the results of applying local building codes, Estidama, and international building codes, ASHRAE 90.2 and LEED, on the building’s performance are compared. The results will help in finding the effectiveness of these building standards in reducing the energy consumption of residential building in hot and humid regions.
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McCoy, Jackie, and Scott Ironside. "Dent Management Program." In 2004 International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2004-0393.

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Enbridge Pipelines Inc. owns and operates the world’s longest hydrocarbon transmission system, which traverses across the varying geophysical landforms of Canada and the United States. These pipelines range in diameter from 12” to 48” and were constructed between 1950 and 2003. The wide range of pipe sizes, practices used for construction, and landforms traversed result in a very challenging Dent Management Program. Standards such as CSA Z662-99, ASME B31.4, and B31.8 provide a criterion for the selection of dents that require repair. Experience has shown that these standards do not identify all dents that have a possibility of failure due to leak or rupture. Enbridge initiated a project to study dents with BMT Fleet Technology of Kanata Ontario, this study determined that the dent geometry in addition to the depth to pipe diameter ratio affects the propensity that a dent will fail. Recent research and development by a group sponsored project lead by BMT Fleet technology on dent characterization has combined the pipeline’s cyclic pressure history with the shape of the dent to predict a time to failure. Enbridge combines these tools along with new insights from field excavations into its Dent Management Program. The Dent Management Program includes a series of prioritization’s to determine which sections of pipelines require detailed dent analysis. Typical prioritization criteria are rocky terrain, larger occurrence of third party damage, and history of numerous dents or failures. The detailed analysis utilizes the BMT Fleet “Dent Characterization Criteria” which was developed using their Finite Element Dent Assessment Model. This model considers the geometry of the dent, pipe material properties and historical pressure data to predict a time to failure for each dent. This time to failure prediction requires some additional engineering analysis depending on how close the parameters of the actual pipe are to what was validated with the model. This engineering analysis will determine which dents are selected for excavation and examination. This model has provided Enbridge with a tool to better manage its dent program, and this will be proposed as an option to improve the existing standards.
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Hinson, David, Rusty Smith, Bruce Kitchell, Mackenzie Stagg, Elizabeth Farrell Garcia, and Betsy Burnet. "Can Increasing Energy Performance Be a Key to Unlocking Rural Home Affordability?" In 2020 ACSA Fall Conference. ACSA Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.aia.fallintercarbon.20.36.

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Though home energy use should be considered in every residential project, it is particularly critical for low-wealth individuals and families. While higher-budget projects can rely on a return on investment for energy-saving features, “affordable” housing projects built by not-for-profit organizations frequently rely on reductions in construction costs to keep purchasing prices low for homeowners. However, this can result in higher maintenance and operations costs over the useful life of the home. Could linking home performance to the mortgage carry of an individual homeowner provide opportunities to create a housing stock of homes that consider the total cost of homeownership? This paper describes a research initiative designed to seek the balance point between up-front investments in improved energy performance and home affordability in support of a pilot, systems-based approach to more affordable homeownership. In a design-build studio format, the authors and their students have revised and constructed multiple versions of the same small, two-bedroom prototype home developed for the context of a mixed-humid climate: one built to the Passive House Institute U.S. (PHIUS) standard and the other to the Department of Energy’s Zero Energy Ready Home (ZERH) standard. By constructing two prototype homes on the same street and with similar orientation, but with differing energy-related details, the authors are able to evaluate the initial cost of construction associated with achieving these two performance standards while simultaneously comparing the monthly energy savings afforded by each approach. Each home underwent a rigorous process of modeling, testing, and monitoring. Computational energy modeling during the design phase were used to to test various envelope assemblies. At key points in construction, blower door tests and thermal imaging were utilized to assess the specific efficacy of alternative approaches construction detailing and to verify systems and envelope airtightness. Long-term monitoring is used to evaluate actual post-occupancy energy use against that which was predicted in the initial design phase. Furthermore, post-occupancy engagement with the homeowner allows for a deeper understanding of the design of end-user education programs that empower families to leverage the high-performance potential of their homes. Ultimately, these findings provide an invaluable contribution to the authors’ broader research and development where, in partnership with federal agencies as well as mortgage and insurance providers, the team continues to explore mechanisms to better integrate both the policies and products necessary to support a new paradigm of truly affordable homeownership to families in the rural South.
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Rudnicka-Bogusz, Marta. "Standardization and innovation in military housing, leisure homes and public buildings in the interwar period Poland." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002340.

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When after WWI Poland regained its independence, in the need to repair war damage the young state saw an opportunity to modernize and visually unify the country after a century of tripartite partitions. The difficult housing conditions severely affected the officers and non-commissioned officers (NCO’s), as the garrisons were established anew and the personnel did not have lodgings from the pre-war times and did not have the funds to purchase them. In 1925, an act was passed establishing the Military Housing Fund with a budget of 140 million polish zotych. In the years 1927-1934, the Fund built 542 houses. One of the mottos of the organization was: to provide sunlight, water supply, sewage systems and bathrooms in all apartments. This guiding principle about hygienic living and the strict economic requirements naturally put military construction on the path of modernism. Modernism was also deprived of any historic connotations and internationally popular, making it the ultimate tool of Europeanization - reducing the difference between Poland and Western Europe.Due to the rank of the institution and the propagandist significance of its investments, the Ministry of Military Affairs often had prestigious locations at its disposal. Many of the designs for these plots were selected through open competitions, leading to the selection of top-class solutions, thanks to the participation of the most important polish modernist architects of the interwar period: R. Gutt, J. Szanajca and B. Lachert. The campaign of housing construction was concentrated mainly in Warsaw, where the percentage of officers and NCO’s in the garrison was high - due to the tasks performed in the Ministry. Guided by the principle of economics of house construction and space ergonomics in the arrangement of apartments, in Warsaw the Fund built mainly multi-family buildings bearing fruit in the form of solutions that have ever since been cited as the canon of Polish modernism. Adhering to these standards typical layouts were worked out for swift and healthy construction and repeated throughout the country. This way, the best cosmopolitan patterns in the second half of the 1930s, when the construction was booming, were also transferred to smaller garrisons, contributing to the modernization of the deep provinces.Apart from the lack of housing, the military and their families suffered from pulmonary diseases and rickets resulting from poor living conditions. In order to remedy these problems, the Fund also dealt with the construction of sanatoriums, hospitals, physical education centers, as well as holiday homes for military personnel.The emerging democratic structures of the reviving state also wanted to be perceived as forward thinking, ordering designs from the Fund. Modernism was well suited for the design of the remaining garrison and state buildings, as they also needed to be functional, affordable to build, easy in maintenance and ergonomic. The influential period journal “Architecture and Construction” mentions such investments as airports, ministry offices, barracks, commanders' villas, etc. all adding up to an image of army as a forward thinking engine of progress.
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Matsuhiro, Yoshiyuki, Noritake Oguchi, Toshio Kurumura, Masahiko Hamada, Nobuaki Takahashi, and Atsuhi Shirahama. "The First L555 (X80) Pipeline in Japan." In 2012 9th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2012-90105.

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The construction of the first L555(X80) pipeline in Japan was completed in autumn, 2011.In this paper, the overview of the design consideration of the line, technical points for linepipe material and for girth welds are presented. In recent years the use of high strength linepipe has substantially reduced the cost of pipeline installation for the transportation of natural gas. The grades up to L555(X80) have been used worldwide and higher ones, L690(X100) and L830(X120), e.g., are being studied intensively. In the areas with possible ground movement, the active seismic regions, e.g., pipeline is designed to tolerate the anticipated deformation in longitudinal direction. In Japan, where seismic events including liquefaction are not infrequent, the codes for pipeline are generally for the grades up to L450(X65). Tokyo Gas Co. had extensively investigated technical issues for L555(X80) in the region described above and performed many experiments including full-scale burst test, full-scale bending test, FE analysis on the girth weld, etc., when the company concluded the said grade as applicable and decided project-specific requirements for linepipe material and for girth weld. Sumitomo Metals, in charge of pipe manufacturing, to fulfill these requirements, especially the requirement of round-house type stress-strain (S-S) curve to be maintained after being heated by coating operation, which is critical to avoid the concentration of longitudinal deformation, developed and applied specially designed chemical composition and optimized TMCP (Thermo-Machanical Control Process) and supplied linepipe (24″OD,14.5∼18.9mmWT) with sufficient quality. It had also developed and supplied induction bends needed with the same grade. Girth welds were conducted by Sumitomo Metal Pipeline and Piping, Ltd and mechanized GMAW (Gas Metal Arc Welding) was selected to achieve the special requirements, i.e., the strength of weld metal to completely overmatch the pipe avoiding the concentration of longitudinal strain to the girth weld, and the hardness to be max.300HV10 avoiding HSC (Hydrogen Stress Cracking) on this portion. Both of RT (Radiographic Test) and UT (Ultrasonic Test) were carried out to all the girth welds. These were by JIS (Japan Industrial Standards) and the project-specific requirements.
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